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Zhuang R, Yan Z, Gao Y, Nurmamat A, Zhang S, Xiu M, Zhou Y, Pang Y, Li D, Zhao L, Liu X, Han Y. Evolutionary and functional analysis of metabotropic glutamate receptors in lampreys. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1861-1877. [PMID: 38951427 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR, GRM) family is involved in multiple signaling pathways and regulates neurotransmitter release. However, the evolutionary history, distribution, and function of the mGluRs family in lampreys have not been determined. Therefore, we identified the mGluRs gene family in the genome of Lethenteron reissneri, which has been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution. We confirmed that Lr-GRM3, Lr-GRM5, and Lr-GRM7 encode three types of mGluRs in lamprey. Additionally, we investigated the distribution of Lr-GRM3 within this species by qPCR and Western blotting. Furthermore, we conducted RNA sequencing to investigate the molecular function of Lr-GRM3 in lamprey. Our gene expression profile revealed that, similar to that in jawed vertebrates, Lr-GRM3 participates in multiple signal transduction pathways and influences synaptic excitability in lampreys. Moreover, it also affects intestinal motility and the inflammatory response in lampreys. This study not only enhances the understanding of mGluRs' gene evolution but also highlights the conservation of GRM3's role in signal transduction while expanding our knowledge of its functions specifically within lampreys. In summary, our experimental findings provide valuable insights for studying both the evolution and functionality of the mGluRs family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Zihao Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Yicheng Gao
- The First Clinical College of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ayqeqan Nurmamat
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Shuyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Min Xiu
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Yuesi Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Ya Pang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Ding Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Yinglun Han
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China.
- Lamprey Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
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Yang BZ, Xiang B, Wang T, Ma S, Li CSR. Neurogenetic underpinnings of nicotine use severity: Integrating the brain transcriptomes and GWAS variants via network approaches. Psychiatry Res 2024; 334:115815. [PMID: 38422867 PMCID: PMC11017751 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Our study focused on human brain transcriptomes and the genetic risks of cigarettes per day (CPD) to investigate the neurogenetic mechanisms of individual variation in nicotine use severity. We constructed whole-brain and intramodular region-specific coexpression networks using BrainSpan's transcriptomes, and the genomewide association studies identified risk variants of CPD, confirmed the associations between CPD and each gene set in the region-specific subnetworks using an independent dataset, and conducted bioinformatic analyses. Eight brain-region-specific coexpression subnetworks were identified in association with CPD: amygdala, hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, striatum, mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MDTHAL), and primary motor cortex (M1C). Each gene set in the eight subnetworks was associated with CPD. We also identified three hub proteins encoded by GRIN2A in the amygdala, PMCA2 in the hippocampus, MPFC, OPFC, striatum, and MDTHAL, and SV2B in M1C. Intriguingly, the pancreatic secretion pathway appeared in all the significant protein interaction subnetworks, suggesting pleiotropic effects between cigarette smoking and pancreatic diseases. The three hub proteins and genes are implicated in stress response, drug memory, calcium homeostasis, and inhibitory control. These findings provide novel evidence of the neurogenetic underpinnings of smoking severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Abstract
Diseases associated with nicotine dependence in the form of habitual tobacco use are a major cause of premature death in the United States. The majority of tobacco smokers will relapse within the first month of attempted abstinence. Smoking cessation agents increase the likelihood that smokers can achieve long-term abstinence. Nevertheless, currently available smoking cessation agents have limited utility and fail to prevent relapse in the majority of smokers. Pharmacotherapy is therefore an effective strategy to aid smoking cessation efforts but considerable risk of relapse persists even when the most efficacious medications currently available are used. The past decade has seen major breakthroughs in our understanding of the molecular, cellular, and systems-level actions of nicotine in the brain that contribute to the development and maintenance of habitual tobacco use. In parallel, large-scale human genetics studies have revealed allelic variants that influence vulnerability to tobacco use disorder. These advances have revealed targets for the development of novel smoking cessation agents. Here, we summarize current efforts to develop smoking cessation therapeutics and highlight opportunities for future efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Lengel
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Paul J. Kenny
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Drug Discovery Institute (DDI), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Rosenberg L, Liu C, Sharma R, Wood C, Vyhlidal CA, Gaedigk R, Kho AT, Ziniti JP, Celedón JC, Tantisira KG, Weiss ST, McGeachie MJ, Kechris K, Sharma S. Intrauterine Smoke Exposure, microRNA Expression during Human Lung Development, and Childhood Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7727. [PMID: 37175432 PMCID: PMC10178351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine smoke (IUS) exposure during early childhood has been associated with a number of negative health consequences, including reduced lung function and asthma susceptibility. The biological mechanisms underlying these associations have not been established. MicroRNAs regulate the expression of numerous genes involved in lung development. Thus, investigation of the impact of IUS on miRNA expression during human lung development may elucidate the impact of IUS on post-natal respiratory outcomes. We sought to investigate the effect of IUS exposure on miRNA expression during early lung development. We hypothesized that miRNA-mRNA networks are dysregulated by IUS during human lung development and that these miRNAs may be associated with future risk of asthma and allergy. Human fetal lung samples from a prenatal tissue retrieval program were tested for differential miRNA expression with IUS exposure (measured using placental cotinine concentration). RNA was extracted and miRNA-sequencing was performed. We performed differential expression using IUS exposure, with covariate adjustment. We also considered the above model with an additional sex-by-IUS interaction term, allowing IUS effects to differ by male and female samples. Using paired gene expression profiles, we created sex-stratified miRNA-mRNA correlation networks predictive of IUS using DIABLO. We additionally evaluated whether miRNAs were associated with asthma and allergy outcomes in a cohort of childhood asthma. We profiled pseudoglandular lung miRNA in n = 298 samples, 139 (47%) of which had evidence of IUS exposure. Of 515 miRNAs, 25 were significantly associated with intrauterine smoke exposure (q-value < 0.10). The IUS associated miRNAs were correlated with well-known asthma genes (e.g., ORM1-Like Protein 3, ORDML3) and enriched in disease-relevant pathways (oxidative stress). Eleven IUS-miRNAs were also correlated with clinical measures (e.g., Immunoglobulin E andlungfunction) in children with asthma, further supporting their likely disease relevance. Lastly, we found substantial differences in IUS effects by sex, finding 95 significant IUS-miRNAs in male samples, but only four miRNAs in female samples. The miRNA-mRNA correlation networks were predictive of IUS (AUC = 0.78 in males and 0.86 in females) and suggested that IUS-miRNAs are involved in regulation of disease-relevant genes (e.g., A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 19 (ADAM19), LBH regulator of WNT signaling (LBH)) and sex hormone signaling (Coactivator associated methyltransferase 1(CARM1)). Our study demonstrated differential expression of miRNAs by IUS during early prenatal human lung development, which may be modified by sex. Based on their gene targets and correlation to clinical asthma and atopy outcomes, these IUS-miRNAs may be relevant for subsequent allergy and asthma risk. Our study provides insight into the impact of IUS in human fetal lung transcriptional networks and on the developmental origins of asthma and allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Rosenberg
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Cuining Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rinku Sharma
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cheyret Wood
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Roger Gaedigk
- Children’s Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Alvin T. Kho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John P. Ziniti
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juan C. Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Kelan G. Tantisira
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Rady Children’s Hospital, University of California, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Scott T. Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael J. McGeachie
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katerina Kechris
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sunita Sharma
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Colyer-Patel K, Kuhns L, Weidema A, Lesscher H, Cousijn J. Age-dependent effects of tobacco smoke and nicotine on cognition and the brain: A systematic review of the human and animal literature comparing adolescents and adults. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 146:105038. [PMID: 36627063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is often initiated during adolescence and an earlier age of onset is associated with worse health outcomes later in life. Paradoxically, the transition towards adulthood also marks the potential for recovery, as the majority of adolescents are able to quit smoking when adulthood emerges. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the evidence from both human and animal studies for the differential impact of adolescent versus adult repeated and long-term tobacco and nicotine exposure on cognitive and brain outcomes. The limited human studies and more extensive yet heterogeneous animal studies, provide preliminary evidence of heightened fear learning, anxiety-related behaviour, reward processing, nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors expression, dopamine expression and serotonin functioning after adolescent compared to adult exposure. Effects of nicotine or tobacco use on impulsivity were comparable across age groups. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying adolescents' vulnerability to tobacco and nicotine. Future research is needed to translate animal to human findings, with a focus on directly linking a broader spectrum of brain and behavioural outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karis Colyer-Patel
- Neuroscience of Addiction (NofA) Lab, Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Lauren Kuhns
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alix Weidema
- Neuroscience of Addiction (NofA) Lab, Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heidi Lesscher
- Department Population Health Sciences, Animals in Science and Society, Division of Behavioural Neuroscience, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Neuroscience of Addiction (NofA) Lab, Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Are mGluR2/3 Inhibitors Potential Compounds for Novel Antidepressants? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01310-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01310-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDepression is the most common mental illness characterized by anhedonia, avolition and loss of appetite and motivation. The majority of conventional antidepressants are monoaminergic system selective inhibitors, yet the efficacies are not sufficient. Up to 30% of depressed patients are resistant to treatment with available antidepressants, underscoring the urgent need for development of novel therapeutics to meet clinical needs. Recent years, compounds acting on the glutamate system have attracted wide attention because of their strong, rapid and sustained antidepressant effects. Among them, selective inhibitors of metabotropic glutamate receptors 2 and 3 (mGluR2/3) have shown robust antidepressant benefits with fewer side-effects in both preclinical and clinical studies. Thus, we here attempt to summarize the antidepressant effects and underlying mechanisms of these inhibitors revealed in recent years as well as analyze the potential value of mGluR2/3 selective inhibitors in the treatment of depression.
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Xie Z, Cartujano-Barrera F, Cupertino P, Li D. Cross-Sectional Associations of Self-Reported Social/Emotional Support and Life Satisfaction with Smoking and Vaping Status in Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10722. [PMID: 36078438 PMCID: PMC9517882 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional association of self-reported social/emotional support and life satisfaction with smoking/vaping status in US adults. The study included 47,163 adult participants who self-reported social/emotional support, life satisfaction, and smoking/vaping status in the 2016 and 2017 BRFSS national survey data. We used multivariable weighted logistic regression models to measure the cross-sectional association of self-reported social/emotional support and life satisfaction with smoking/vaping status. Compared to never users, dual users and exclusive smokers were more likely to have low life satisfaction, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.770 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.135, 2.760) and an aOR = 1.452 (95% CI: 1.121, 1.880) respectively, especially for the age group 18-34. Exclusive cigarette smokers were more likely to have low life satisfaction compared to ex-smokers (aOR = 1.416, 95% CI: 1.095, 1.831). Exclusive cigarette smokers were more likely to have low social/emotional support (aOR = 1.193, 95% CI: 1.030, 1.381) than never users, especially those aged 65 and above. In addition, exclusive cigarette smokers were more likely to have low social/emotional support than ex-smokers, with an aOR = 1.279 (95% CI: 1.097, 1.492), which is more pronounced among the age group 18-34, as well as 65 and above. Our results suggest that life satisfaction and social/emotional support may play important roles in smoking and vaping, which should be incorporated into behavioral interventions to reduce tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidian Xie
- Department of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Francisco Cartujano-Barrera
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Fan S, Li L, Liu L, Li H, Xian X, Li W. Ceftriaxone Suppresses Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Expression Contributing to Reversal of Recognition Memory Deficits of Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin 1 AD Mice. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:905403. [PMID: 35860293 PMCID: PMC9289516 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.905403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (Group II mGluRs) are the peri-synaptic receptor of glutamatergic neurons and negatively regulate glutamate release from presynaptic neurons. Glutamate in the synaptic cleft is mainly taken into astrocytes by glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1), which is primarily expressed in astrocytes. Increasing evidence showed that inhibiting or suppressing the activation of Group II mGluRs would contribute to the improvement of learning and memory deficits in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) animal models. Ceftriaxone (Cef) has been reported to alleviate the spatial memory deficits in AD model mice by improving GLT-1-related clearance and metabolism of glutamate. Therefore, the present study further investigates the improving effect of Cef on recognition memory deficits and the involvement of Group II mGluRs in the process using the APP/PS1 AD mouse model. Novel object recognition tests showed that the Cef treatment significantly improved the recognition memory deficits of the AD mice. The Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the Cef treatment significantly suppressed the upregulation of Group II mGluRs expression in APP/PS1 AD mice. The above suppression effect of Cef was blocked by dihydrokainic acid, an inhibitor of GLT-1 uptake activity. Furthermore, the Cef treatment significantly restored the downregulation in the downstream molecules of Group II mGluRs activation, including the expression of PKA and phosphorylated SNAP-25 in the APP/PS1 AD mice. The Cef treatment had no effect on the content of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 AD mice. The above results suggested that the suppression of Group II mGluRs contributed to the Cef-induced reversal of the recognition memory deficits in APP/PS1 AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuJuan Fan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - LiRong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - XiaoHui Xian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: XiaoHui Xian,
| | - WenBin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- WenBin Li,
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Yang S, Datta D, Elizabeth Woo, Duque A, Morozov YM, Arellano J, Slusher BS, Wang M, Arnsten AFT. Inhibition of glutamate-carboxypeptidase-II in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: potential therapeutic target for neuroinflammatory cognitive disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4252-4263. [PMID: 35732693 PMCID: PMC9718677 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01656-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate carboxypeptidase-II (GCPII) expression in brain is increased by inflammation, e.g. by COVID19 infection, where it reduces NAAG stimulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 3 (mGluR3). GCPII-mGluR3 signaling is increasingly linked to higher cognition, as genetic alterations that weaken mGluR3 or increase GCPII signaling are associated with impaired cognition in humans. Recent evidence from macaque dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) shows that mGluR3 are expressed on dendritic spines, where they regulate cAMP-PKA opening of potassium (K+) channels to enhance neuronal firing during working memory. However, little is known about GCPII expression and function in the primate dlPFC, despite its relevance to inflammatory disorders. The present study used multiple label immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy to localize GCPII in aging macaque dlPFC, and examined the effects of GCPII inhibition on dlPFC neuronal physiology and working memory function. GCPII was observed in astrocytes as expected, but also on neurons, including extensive expression in dendritic spines. Recordings in dlPFC from aged monkeys performing a working memory task found that iontophoresis of the GCPII inhibitors 2-MPPA or 2-PMPA markedly increased working memory-related neuronal firing and spatial tuning, enhancing neural representations. These beneficial effects were reversed by an mGluR2/3 antagonist, or by a cAMP-PKA activator, consistent with mGluR3 inhibition of cAMP-PKA-K+ channel signaling. Systemic administration of the brain penetrant inhibitor, 2-MPPA, significantly improved working memory performance without apparent side effects, with largest effects in the oldest monkeys. Taken together, these data endorse GCPII inhibition as a potential strategy for treating cognitive disorders associated with aging and/or neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtao Yang
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Dibyadeep Datta
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Elizabeth Woo
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Alvaro Duque
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Yury M. Morozov
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Jon Arellano
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department Neurology and Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Min Wang
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Amy F. T. Arnsten
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
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10
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Kondra S, Chen F, Chen Y, Chen Y, Collette CJ, Xu W. A study of a hierarchical structure of proteins and ligand binding sites of receptors using the triangular spatial relationship-based structure comparison method and development of a size-filtering feature designed for comparing different sizes of protein structures. Proteins 2021; 90:239-257. [PMID: 34392570 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The presence of receptors and the specific binding of the ligands determine nearly all cellular responses. Binding of a ligand to its receptor causes conformational changes of the receptor that triggers the subsequent signaling cascade. Therefore, systematically studying structures of receptors will provide insight into their functions. We have developed the triangular spatial relationship (TSR)-based method where all possible triangles are constructed with Cα atoms of a protein as vertices. Every triangle is represented by an integer denoted as a "key" computed through the TSR algorithm. A structure is thereby represented by a vector of integers. In this study, we have first defined substructures using different types of keys. Second, using different types of keys represents a new way to interpret structure hierarchical relations and differences between structures and sequences. Third, we demonstrate the effects of sequence similarity as well as sample size on the structure-based classifications. Fourth, we show identification of structure motifs, and the motifs containing multiple triangles connected by either an edge or a vertex are mapped to the ligand binding sites of the receptors. The structure motifs are valuable resources for the researchers in the field of signal transduction. Next, we propose amino-acid scoring matrices that capture "evolutionary closeness" information based on BLOSUM62 matrix, and present the development of a new visualization method where keys are organized according to evolutionary closeness and shown in a 2D image. This new visualization opens a window for developing tools with the aim of identification of specific and common substructures by scanning pixels and neighboring pixels. Finally, we report a new algorithm called as size filtering that is designed to improve structure comparison of large proteins with small proteins. Collectively, we provide an in-depth interpretation of structure relations through the detailed analyses of different types of keys and their associated key occurrence frequencies, geometries, and labels. In summary, we consider this study as a new computational platform where keys are served as a bridge to connect sequence and structure as well as structure and function for a deep understanding of sequence, structure, and function relationships of the protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Kondra
- The Center for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | - Feng Chen
- High Performance Computing, 329 Frey Computing Services Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Computer and Information Science, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Yuwu Chen
- High Performance Computing, 329 Frey Computing Services Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Caleb J Collette
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | - Wu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
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11
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Aryal SP, Fu X, Sandin JN, Neupane KR, Lakes JE, Grady ME, Richards CI. Nicotine induces morphological and functional changes in astrocytes via nicotinic receptor activity. Glia 2021; 69:2037-2053. [PMID: 33851731 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine is a highly addictive compound present in tobacco, which causes the release of dopamine in different regions of the brain. Recent studies have shown that astrocytes express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and mediate calcium signaling. In this study, we examine the morphological and functional adaptations of astrocytes due to nicotine exposure. Utilizing a combination of fluorescence and atomic force microscopy, we show that nicotine-treated astrocytes exhibit time-dependent remodeling in the number and length of both proximal and fine processes. Blocking nAChR activity with an antagonist completely abolishes nicotine's influence on astrocyte morphology indicating that nicotine's action is mediated by these receptors. Functional studies show that 24-hr nicotine treatment induces higher levels of calcium activity in both the cell soma and the processes with a more substantial change observed in the processes. Nicotine does not induce reactive astrocytosis even at high concentrations (10 μM) as determined by cytokine release and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression. We designed tissue clearing experiments to test whether morphological changes occur in vivo using astrocyte specific Aldh1l1-tdTomato knock in mice. We find that nicotine induces a change in the volume of astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex, CA1 of the hippocampus, and the substantia nigra. These results indicate that nicotine directly alters the functional and morphological properties of astrocytes potentially contributing to the underlying mechanism of nicotine abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya P Aryal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Xu Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Joree N Sandin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Khaga R Neupane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jourdan E Lakes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Martha E Grady
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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12
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Burgos-Aguilar C, Ferris MJ, Sexton LL, Sun H, Xiao R, Chen R, Childers SR, Howlett AC. Metabotropic glutamate 2,3 receptor stimulation desensitizes agonist activation of G-protein signaling and alters transcription regulators in mesocorticolimbic brain regions. Synapse 2021; 75:e22190. [PMID: 33025628 PMCID: PMC8552243 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are regulators of glutamate release and targets for development of therapies for hyperactive glutamatergic signaling. However, the effects of long-term stimulation of mGlu receptors on cellular signaling in the brain have not been described. This study investigated the effects of 2-day and 14-day osmotic mini-pump administration of the mGlu2,3 agonist LY379268 (3.0 mg kg-1 day-1 ) to rats on receptor-mediated G-protein activation and signaling in mesocorticolimbic regions in rat brain sections. A significant reduction in LY379268-stimulated [35 S]GTPγS binding was observed in the 14-day group in some cortical regions, prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and ventral pallidum. The 14-day LY379268 treatment group exhibited mGlu2 mRNA levels significantly lower in hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, caudate, and ventral pallidum. In both 2-day and 14-day treatment groups immunodetectable phosphorylated cAMP Response Element-Binding protein (CREB) was significantly reduced across all brain regions. In the 2-day group, we observed significantly lower immunodetectable CREB protein across all brain regions, which was subsequently increased in the 14-day group but failed to achieve control values. Neither immunodetectable extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) protein nor phosphorylated ERK from 2-day or 14-day treatment groups differed significantly from control across all brain regions. However, the ratio of phosphorylated ERK to total ERK protein was significantly greater in the 14-day treatment group compared with the control. These results identify compensatory changes to mGlu2,3 signal transduction in rat brains after chronic systemic administration of agonist, which could be predictive of the mechanism of action in human pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Burgos-Aguilar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, One Medical Center Blvd., Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Mark J. Ferris
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, One Medical Center Blvd., Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Lacey L. Sexton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, One Medical Center Blvd., Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Haiguo Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, One Medical Center Blvd., Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Ruoyu Xiao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, One Medical Center Blvd., Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, One Medical Center Blvd., Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Steven R. Childers
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, One Medical Center Blvd., Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Allyn C. Howlett
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, One Medical Center Blvd., Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
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13
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Xie L, Hu Y, Yan D, McQuillan P, Liu Y, Zhu S, Zhu Z, Jiang Y, Hu Z. The relationship between exposure to general anesthetic agents and the risk of developing an impulse control disorder. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105440. [PMID: 33493656 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Most studies examining the effect of extended exposure to general anesthetic agents (GAAs) have demonstrated that extended exposure induces both structural and functional changes in the central nervous system. These changes are frequently accompanied by neurobehavioral changes that include impulse control disorders that are generally characterized by deficits in behavioral inhibition and executive function. In this review, we will.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghua Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dandan Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - P McQuillan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Penn State Hershey Medical Centre, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengmei Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhirui Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Children Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yilei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Children Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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14
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Gregory KJ, Goudet C. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXI. Pharmacology, Signaling, and Physiology of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 73:521-569. [PMID: 33361406 DOI: 10.1124/pr.119.019133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors respond to glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, mediating a modulatory role that is critical for higher-order brain functions such as learning and memory. Since the first mGlu receptor was cloned in 1992, eight subtypes have been identified along with many isoforms and splice variants. The mGlu receptors are transmembrane-spanning proteins belonging to the class C G protein-coupled receptor family and represent attractive targets for a multitude of central nervous system disorders. Concerted drug discovery efforts over the past three decades have yielded a wealth of pharmacological tools including subtype-selective agents that competitively block or mimic the actions of glutamate or act allosterically via distinct sites to enhance or inhibit receptor activity. Herein, we review the physiologic and pathophysiological roles for individual mGlu receptor subtypes including the pleiotropic nature of intracellular signal transduction arising from each. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties of prototypical and commercially available orthosteric agonists and antagonists as well as allosteric modulators, including ligands that have entered clinical trials. Finally, we highlight emerging areas of research that hold promise to facilitate rational design of highly selective mGlu receptor-targeting therapeutics in the future. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The metabotropic glutamate receptors are attractive therapeutic targets for a range of psychiatric and neurological disorders. Over the past three decades, intense discovery efforts have yielded diverse pharmacological tools acting either competitively or allosterically, which have enabled dissection of fundamental biological process modulated by metabotropic glutamate receptors and established proof of concept for many therapeutic indications. We review metabotropic glutamate receptor molecular pharmacology and highlight emerging areas that are offering new avenues to selectively modulate neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Gregory
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (K.J.G.) and Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France (C.G.)
| | - Cyril Goudet
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (K.J.G.) and Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University of Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France (C.G.)
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15
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Shao T, Van R, Kumata K, Deng X, Fu H, Yamasaki T, Rong J, Hu K, Hatori A, Xie L, Yu Q, Ye W, Xu H, Sheffler DJ, Cosford NDP, Shao Y, Tang P, Wang L, Zhang MR, Liang SH. Synthesis and preliminary studies of 11C-labeled tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-2-carboxamides for PET imaging of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2. Theranostics 2020; 10:11178-11196. [PMID: 33042277 PMCID: PMC7532674 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGlu2) represents a novel therapeutic approach for treating brain disorders, including schizophrenia, depression, Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), drug abuse and addiction. Imaging mGlu2 using positron emission tomography (PET) would allow for in vivo quantification under physiological and pathological conditions and facilitate drug discovery by enabling target engagement studies. In this paper, we aimed to develop a novel specific radioligand derived from negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) for PET imaging of mGlu2. Methods. A focused small molecule library of mGlu2 NAMs with tetrahydro naphthyridine scaffold was synthesized for pharmacology and physicochemical evaluation. GIRK dose-response assays and CNS panel binding selectivity assays were performed to study the affinity and selectivity of mGlu2 NAMs, among which compounds 14a and 14b were selected as PET ligand candidates. Autoradiography in SD rat brain sections was used to confirm the in vitro binding specificity and selectivity of [11C]14a and [11C]14b towards mGlu2. In vivo binding specificity was then studied by PET imaging. Whole body biodistribution study and radiometabolite analysis were conducted to demonstrate the pharmacokinetic properties of [11C]14b as most promising PET mGlu2 PET ligand. Results. mGlu2 NAMs 14a-14g were synthesized in 14%-20% yields in five steps. NAMs 14a and 14b were selected to be the most promising ligands due to their high affinity in GIRK dose-response assays. [11C]14a and [11C]14b displayed similar heterogeneous distribution by autoradiography, consistent with mGlu2 expression in the brain. While PET imaging study showed good brain permeability for both tracers, compound [11C]14b demonstrated superior binding specificity compared to [11C]14a. Further radiometabolite analysis of [11C]14b showed excellent stability in the brain. Conclusions. Compound 14b exhibited high affinity and excellent subtype selectivity, which was then evaluated by in vitro autoradiography and in vivo PET imaging study after labeling with carbon-11. Ligand [11C]14b, which we named [11C]MG2-1904, demonstrated high brain uptake and excellent in vitro/in vivo specific binding towards mGlu2 with high metabolic stability in the brain. As proof-of-concept, our preliminary work demonstrated a successful example of visualizing mGlu2in vivo derived from NAMs, which represents a promising chemotype for further development and optimization aimed for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Zhen Chen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Tuo Shao
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Richard Van
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Xiaoyun Deng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hualong Fu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Qingzhen Yu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Weijian Ye
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Douglas J. Sheffler
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program and Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nicholas D. P. Cosford
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program and Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Pingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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16
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Cole RD, Zimmerman M, Matchanova A, Kutlu MG, Gould TJ, Parikh V. Cognitive rigidity and BDNF-mediated frontostriatal glutamate neuroadaptations during spontaneous nicotine withdrawal. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:866-876. [PMID: 31752015 PMCID: PMC7075915 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility is the ability to switch strategic responses adaptively in changing environments. Cognitive rigidity imposed by neural circuit adaptations during nicotine abstinence may foster maladaptive nicotine taking in addicts. We systematically examined the effects of spontaneous withdrawal in mice exposed to either nicotine (6.3 or 18 mg/kg/day) or saline for 14 days on cognitive flexibility using an operant strategy set-shifting task. Because frontostriatal circuits are critical for cognitive flexibility and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) modulates glutamate plasticity in these circuits, we also explored the effects of nicotine withdrawal on these neurochemical substrates. Mice undergoing nicotine withdrawal required more trials to attain strategy-switching criterion. Error analysis show that animals withdrawn from both nicotine doses committed higher perseverative errors, which correlated with measures of anxiety. However, animals treated with the higher nicotine dose also displayed more strategy maintenance errors that remained independent of negative affect. BDNF mRNA expression increased in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) following nicotine withdrawal. Surprisingly, BDNF protein declined in mPFC but was elevated in dorsal striatum (DS). DS BDNF protein positively correlated with perseverative and maintenance errors, suggesting mPFC-DS overflow of BDNF during withdrawal. BDNF-evoked glutamate release and synapsin phosphorylation was attenuated within DS synapses, but enhanced in the nucleus accumbens, suggesting a dichotomous role of BDNF signaling in striatal regions. Taken together, these data suggest that spontaneous nicotine withdrawal impairs distinct components of cognitive set-shifting and these deficits may be linked to BDNF-mediated alterations in glutamate signaling dynamics in discrete frontostriatal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Cole
- 0000 0001 2248 3398grid.264727.2Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
| | - Matty Zimmerman
- 0000 0001 2248 3398grid.264727.2Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
| | - Anastasia Matchanova
- 0000 0001 2248 3398grid.264727.2Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
| | - Munir Gunes Kutlu
- 0000 0001 2097 4281grid.29857.31Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Thomas J. Gould
- 0000 0001 2097 4281grid.29857.31Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
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17
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Johnson KA, Lovinger DM. Allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptors in alcohol use disorder: Insights from preclinical investigations. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2020; 88:193-232. [PMID: 32416868 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are family C G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that modulate neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission throughout the nervous system. Owing to recent advances in development of subtype-selective allosteric modulators of mGlu receptors, individual members of the mGlu receptor family have been proposed as targets for treating a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders. In this chapter, we highlight preclinical evidence that allosteric modulators of mGlu receptors could be useful for reducing alcohol consumption and preventing relapse in alcohol use disorder (AUD). We begin with an overview of the preclinical models that are used to study mGlu receptor involvement in alcohol-related behaviors. Alcohol exposure causes adaptations in both expression and function of various mGlu receptor subtypes, and pharmacotherapies aimed at reversing these adaptations have the potential to reduce alcohol consumption and seeking. Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of mGlu2 and negative allosteric modulators of mGlu5 show particular promise for reducing alcohol intake and/or preventing relapse. Finally, this chapter discusses important considerations for translating preclinical findings toward the development of clinically useful drugs, including the potential for PAMs to avoid tolerance issues that are frequently observed with repeated administration of GPCR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| | - David M Lovinger
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, US National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
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18
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Thorpe HHA, Hamidullah S, Jenkins BW, Khokhar JY. Adolescent neurodevelopment and substance use: Receptor expression and behavioral consequences. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 206:107431. [PMID: 31706976 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood, during which extensive brain development occurs. Since this period also overlaps with the initiation of drug use, it is important to consider how substance use during this time might produce long-term neurobiological alterations, especially against the backdrop of developmental changes in neurotransmission. Alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, and opioids all produce marked changes in the expression and function of the neurotransmitter and receptor systems with which they interact. These acute and chronic alterations also contribute to behavioral consequences ranging from increased addiction risk to cognitive or neuropsychiatric behavioral dysfunctions. The current review provides an in-depth overview and update of the developmental changes in neurotransmission during adolescence, as well as the impact of drug exposure during this neurodevelopmental window. While most of these factors have been studied in animal models, which are the focus of this review, future longitudinal studies in humans that assess neural function and behavior will help to confirm pre-clinical findings. Furthermore, the neural changes induced by each drug should also be considered in the context of other contributing factors, such as sex. Further understanding of these consequences can help in the identification of novel approaches for preventing and reversing the neurobiological effects of adolescent substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley H A Thorpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shahnaza Hamidullah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bryan W Jenkins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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19
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Li H, Chen J, Chen C, Xu Z, Xu J, Lin W, Wu J, Li G, Xu H, Kang Y, Wang F, Liu Y. CSF glutamate level decreases in heavy smokers and negatively correlates with BDI scores. Psychiatry Res 2018; 270:627-630. [PMID: 30384282 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate is involved in mental disorders and nicotine addiction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glutamate levels and mental status in Chinese heavy smokers. Participants comprised 41 non-smokers and 77 heavy smokers (n = 118). Cerebrospinal fluid was extracted and glutamate levels were measured. We recorded age, years of education, BMI, the Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). BIS action scores, total scores and BDI scores were significantly different between the groups. Partial correlation analyses with age and education years as covariates found that CSF glutamate levels negatively correlated with BDI scores, but did not correlate with SAS scores in heavy smokers. No correlation was found between CSF glutamate levels and BDI or SAS scores in non-smokers. In conclusion, heavy smokers had more impulsivity had lower levels of CSF glutamate and higher BDI scores. CSF glutamate levels negatively correlated with BDI scores in heavy smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830028, China; Psychosomatic Medicine Research Division, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010110, China
| | - Junzheng Chen
- The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling 317500, China
| | - Caiming Chen
- The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling 317500, China
| | - Zeping Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jinzhong Xu
- The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling 317500, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wenhui Lin
- The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling 317500, China
| | - Junnan Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Guohua Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830028, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830028, China; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yimin Kang
- Psychosomatic Medicine Research Division, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010110, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830028, China; Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100096, China.
| | - Yanlong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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20
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Xu J, Li H, Wang F, Xu Z, Li G, Ding C, Wu J, Kang Y, Li H, Xu H, Liu Y. Lack of correlation between CSF glutamate levels and PSQI scores in heavy smokers. Sleep Breath 2018; 23:297-302. [PMID: 30088240 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-018-1705-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system that participates in initiation and maintenance of sleep and wakefulness. The mechanisms involved occur in the brainstem, lateral hypothalamus, and basal forebrain. Our previous study suggested that higher levels of glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contributed to poorer sleep quality. Smoking has been shown to be harmful to sleep quality. In the present study, we recruited non-smokers and heavy smokers and measured the concentration of CSF glutamate in order to investigate the associations among smoking status, sleep quality, and CSF glutamate levels. METHODS We recruited 147 men (n = 68 non-smokers, 30.31 ± 9.10 years; n = 79 heavy smokers, 34.54 ± 10.71 years). Glutamate concentrations in CSF were measured by spectrophotometry, and subjective sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS PSQI total scores were significantly higher in heavy smokers than that in non-smokers (p < 0.001). Glutamate concentrations in CSF were lower in heavy smokers than that in non-smokers (p < 0.001). CSF glutamate levels positively correlated with PSQI total scores in the non-smokers group (r = 0.313, p = 0.011, effect size = 0.324). No correlation was found between CSF glutamate levels and PSQI total scores in the heavy smokers group (p > 0.05). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that years of smoking was contributed to the PSQI total scores (p = 0.008), and cigarettes smoked per day contributed to the decreased CSF glutamate levels in heavy smokers (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Poorer subjective sleep quality and lower CSF glutamate concentrations were observed in the heavy smokers group than in the non-smokers group. In addition, lack of correlation was observed between CSF glutamate levels and PSQI scores in the heavy smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Xu
- The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, 317500, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hui Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830028, China.,Psychosomatic Medicine Research Division, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, 010110, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830028, China.,Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Zeping Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Guohua Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830028, China
| | - Cheng Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Junnan Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yimin Kang
- Psychosomatic Medicine Research Division, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, 010110, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center, Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830028, China. .,The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Yanlong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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21
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco use causes one premature death every six seconds. Current smoking cessation aids include nicotine replacement therapies, bupropion, and varenicline. Although more than 70% of smokers express a desire to quit, fewer than 3% remain abstinent for more than one year, highlighting a critical need for more efficacious smoking cessation treatments. Areas covered: The authors discuss the rationale, preclinical and clinical development of varenicline for smoking cessation. They cover the development of varenicline as a partial agonist at α4β2 receptors, the primary neural substrate for nicotine reward. Then, they discuss evidence from preclinical studies indicating varenicline's efficacy in blocking nicotine reward, followed by clinical trials demonstrating safety and efficacy in sustaining abstinence in smokers. Finally, they cover post-market surveillance, including caution in heavy machine operators, putative cardiovascular risk, and the repealed warning for adverse neuropsychiatric events. Expert opinion: Varenicline development was based on strong theoretical rationale and preclinical evidence. Clinical studies indicate that varenicline is safe and more effective in sustaining abstinence than placebo, bupropion or nicotine replacement therapies. However, given that continuous abstinence rates across studies remain low (18 ~ 30% with varenicline; 4 ~ 10% with placebo), novel and more effective medications targeting other nicotinic or glutamate receptors for smoking cessation are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe J. Jordan
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Zheng-Xiong Xi
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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22
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Geyer MA, Semenova S, Li X, Der-Avakian A, Barnes SA, Grant I. Overview of the Biography and Legacy of Professor Athina Markou. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:910-912. [PMID: 29501205 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Geyer
- Markou Consortium for Neurobiology and Psychopharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
| | - Svetlana Semenova
- Markou Consortium for Neurobiology and Psychopharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Xia Li
- Markou Consortium for Neurobiology and Psychopharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Andre Der-Avakian
- Markou Consortium for Neurobiology and Psychopharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Samuel A Barnes
- Markou Consortium for Neurobiology and Psychopharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Igor Grant
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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