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Konieczna W, Turkan S, Warchoł M, Skrzypek E, Dąbrowska GB, Mierek-Adamska A. The Contribution of Trichoderma viride and Metallothioneins in Enhancing the Seed Quality of Avena sativa L. in Cd-Contaminated Soil. Foods 2024; 13:2469. [PMID: 39123659 PMCID: PMC11312241 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pollution of arable land with heavy metals is a worldwide problem. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal that poses a severe threat to humans' and animals' health and lives. Plants can easily absorb Cd from the soil, and plant-based food is the main means of exposure to this hazardous element for humans and animals. Phytoremediation is a promising plant-based approach to removing heavy metals from the soil, and plant growth-promoting micro-organisms such as the fungi Trichoderma can enhance the ability of plants to accumulate metals. Inoculation of Avena sativa L. (oat) with Trichoderma viride enhances germination and seedling growth in the presence of Cd and, in this study, the growth of 6-month-old oat plants in Cd-contaminated soil was not increased by inoculation with T. viride, but a 1.7-fold increase in yield was observed. The content of Cd in oat shoots depended on the Cd content in the soil. Still, it was unaffected by the inoculation with T. viride. A. sativa metallothioneins (AsMTs) participate in plant-fungi interaction, however, their role in this study depended on MT type and Cd concentration. The inoculation of A. sativa with T. viride could be a promising approach to obtaining a high yield in Cd-contaminated soil without increasing the Cd content in the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Konieczna
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (W.K.); (S.T.); (G.B.D.)
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Sena Turkan
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (W.K.); (S.T.); (G.B.D.)
| | - Marzena Warchoł
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (M.W.); (E.S.)
| | - Edyta Skrzypek
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (M.W.); (E.S.)
| | - Grażyna B. Dąbrowska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (W.K.); (S.T.); (G.B.D.)
| | - Agnieszka Mierek-Adamska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (W.K.); (S.T.); (G.B.D.)
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Liu D, Qv M, Dai D, Wang X, Zhu L. Toxic responses of freshwater microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana due to exposure of flame retardants. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136808. [PMID: 36223822 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flame retardants, such as Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) and tributyl phosphate (TBP), are frequently detected in surface water. However, the effects of FRs exposure on aquatic organisms especially freshwater microalgae are still unclear. In this study, the toxicities of TBBPA, TDCPP and TBP to microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana, in terms of growth inhibition, photosynthetic activity inhibition and oxidative damage, were investigated, and according ecological risks were assessed. The results showed that TBBPA, TDCPP and TBP had inhibitory effects on C. sorokiniana, with 96 h EC50 (concentration for 50% of maximal effect) values of 7.606, 41.794 and 49.996 mg/L, respectively. Fv/Fm decreased as the increase of exposure time under 15 mg/L TBBPA. Under 50 mg/L TDCPP and 80 mg/L TBP exposure, Fv/Fm decreased significantly after 24 h. However, Fv/Fm rose after 96 h, indicating that the damaged photosynthetic activity was reversible. The content of chlorophyll a decreased, as the increase of TBBPA concentration from 3 to 15 mg/L. However, chlorophyll a increased first and then decreased, as the increase of TDCPP and TBP concentrations from 0 to 50 mg/L and 0-80 mg/L, respectively. Results indicated that C. sorokiniana could use the phosphorus of TDCPP and TBP to ensure the production of chlorophyll a. The risen content of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde as well as superoxide dismutase activity indicated that exposure to FRs induced oxidative stress. Additionally, the risk quotients showed that tested FRs had ecological risks in natural waters or wastewaters. This study provides insights into the toxicological mechanisms of different FRs toward freshwater microalgae for better understanding of according environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Liu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Mingxiang Qv
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Dian Dai
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China.
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
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Téllez AAC, Sánchez-Fortún S, Sánchez-Fortún A, García-Pérez ME, Chacon-Garcia L, Bartolomé MC. Prediction of the impact induced by Cd in binary interactions with other divalent metals on wild-type and Cd-resistant strains of Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22555-22565. [PMID: 34791630 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17372-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The metals present in freshwater have a toxic profile with bioaccumulation and are biomagnified along the aquatic food chain. The metals induce high sensitivity in most aquatic organisms, while others, such as some microalgae species, evolve towards resistance. Therefore, this research predicted through the Combination Index method the binary interaction exposed to divalent metals by inhibiting population growth in a Cd-resistant strain (DcRCd100) compared to the wild-type strain (Dc1Mwt) of Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides and evaluate the specific resistance level obtained by DcRCd100 to Cd relative to other divalent metals.The results showed that DcRCd100 presents resistance compared to Dc1Mwt in individual exposure in the order of Fe2+ > Ni2+ > Cd2+ > Co2+ > Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Hg2+ with 50% inhibitory concentration at 72 h of exposure (IC50(72)) values 1253, 644.4, 423, 162.7, 141.3, 35.1, and 9.9 µM, respectively. It induces cross-resistance with high antagonistic rates (Combination Index (CI); CI > > 1) in the Cd/Zn and Cd/Cu. Cd/Ni, its initial response, is antagonistic, and it ends in an additive (CI = 1). DcRCd100 showed a lower resistance in Co, and Cd/Fe resistance was reduced individually. The interaction with Hg increased its resistance ten times more than individually.This research highlights the use of the CI as a highly efficient prediction method of the binary metal interactions in wild-type and Cd-resistant strains of D. chlorelloides. It may have the potential for metal accumulation, allowing the development of new methods of bioremediation of metals in effluents, and to monitor the concentration of metals in wastewater, its relative availability, transport, and mechanisms on resistant strains of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alondra A Cortés Téllez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastián Sánchez-Fortún
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Fortún
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martha-Estrella García-Pérez
- Chemical-Biological Sciences Institute, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), 403 Santiago Tapia St., 58000, Morelia (Michoacán), Mexico
| | - Luis Chacon-Garcia
- Chemical-Biological Sciences Institute, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), 403 Santiago Tapia St., 58000, Morelia (Michoacán), Mexico
| | - M Carmen Bartolomé
- Environmental Toxicology LaboratoryFaculty of Chemistry-Pharmacobiology, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), 403 Santiago Tapia St., 58000, Morelia (Michoacán), Mexico.
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León-Vaz A, León R, Giráldez I, Vega JM, Vigara J. Impact of heavy metals in the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana and assessment of its potential use in cadmium bioremediation. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 239:105941. [PMID: 34469852 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The chlorophyte microalga Chlorella sorokiniana was tested for the bioremediation of heavy metals pollution. It was cultured with different concentrations of Cu2+, Cd2+, As (III) and As (V), showing a significant inhibition on its growth at concentrations of 500 µM Cu2+, 250 µM Cd2+, 750 µM AsO33- and 5 mM AsO43- or higher. Moreover, the consumption of ammonium was also studied, showing significant differences for concentrations higher than 1 mM of Cu2+ and As (III), and 5 mM of As (V). The determination of intracellular heavy metals concentration revealed that Chlorella sorokiniana is an outstanding Cd accumulator organism, able to accumulate 11,232 mg kg-1 of Cd, and removing 65% of initial concentration of this heavy metal. Finally, antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and enzymes involved in the production of glutamate and cysteine, such as glutamine syntethase (GS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase (OASTL) and NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD-IDH) were studied both at gene expression and enzymatic activity levels. These enzymes exhibited different grades of upregulation, especially in response to Cd and As stress. However, GS expression was downregulated when Chlorella sorokiniana was cultured in the presence of these heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio León-Vaz
- Laboratory of Biochemistry. Faculty of Experimental Sciences. Marine International Campus of Excellence and REMSMA. University of Huelva, 210071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Rosa León
- Laboratory of Biochemistry. Faculty of Experimental Sciences. Marine International Campus of Excellence and REMSMA. University of Huelva, 210071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Giráldez
- Department of Chemistry. Research Center in Technology of Products and Chemical Processes, PRO2TECS. University of Huelva. Campus el Carmen s/n 210071, Huelva, Spain
| | - José María Vega
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Javier Vigara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry. Faculty of Experimental Sciences. Marine International Campus of Excellence and REMSMA. University of Huelva, 210071 Huelva, Spain.
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Rana A, Sindhu M, Kumar A, Dhaka RK, Chahar M, Singh S, Nain L. Restoration of heavy metal-contaminated soil and water through biosorbents: A review of current understanding and future challenges. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:394-417. [PMID: 33724481 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in soil and water is a potential threat to human health as it renders food quality substandard. Different biosorbents such as microbial and agricultural biomass have been exploited for heavy metal immobilization in soil and sorptive removal in waters. Biosorption is an effective and sustainable method for heavy metal removal in soil and water, but the inherent challenges are to find cheap, selective, robust, and cost-effective bioadsorbents. Microbial and agricultural biomass and their modified forms such as nanocomposites and carbonaceous materials (viz., biochar, nanobiochar, biocarbon), might be useful for sequestration of heavy metals in soil via adsorption, ion exchange, complexation, precipitation, and enzymatic transformation mechanisms. In this review, potential biosorbents and their metal removal capacity in soil and water are discussed. The microbial adsorbents and modified composites of agricultural biomasses show improved performance, stability, reusability, and effectively immobilize heavy metals from soil and water. In the future, researchers may consider the modified composites, encapsulated biosorbents for soil and water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Rana
- Department of Microbiology (COBS & H), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Meena Sindhu
- Department of Microbiology (COBS & H), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Microbiology (COBS & H), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Dhaka
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences, and Centre for Bio-Nanotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Madhvi Chahar
- Department of food quality and safety, Institute of Post Harvest, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Research Center, Bet-Dagan, Israel
| | - Surender Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, India
| | - Lata Nain
- Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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6
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Martínez-Alesón García P, García-Balboa C, Romero-López J, López-Rodas V, Costas E, Baselga-Cervera B. Fluctuation analysis to select for Samarium bio-uptaking microalgae clones the repurposing of a classical evolution experiment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 215:112134. [PMID: 33721662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rare Earth Elements (REE) increasing demand prompts the research of biotechnological approaches to exploit secondary resources. We made use of the adapted Fluctuation analyses experiment to obtain Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ChlA strains resistant to Samarium (Sm) as the reference REE. The starting hypothesis was that adaptation to metal-containing media leads to an enhanced metal uptake. ChlA was able to adapt to 1.33·10-4 Sm M and pH~3 by pre-existing genetic variability, allowing the evolutionary rescue of 13 of the 99 populations studied. The rescuing resistant genotypes presented a mutation rate of 8.65·10-7 resistant cells per division. The resulting resistant population contradicted the expected fitness cost associated with the adaptation to Sm, selection resulted in larger and faster-growing resistant cells. Among the three isolated strains studied for Sm uptake, only one presented uplifted performance compared to the control population (46.64 μg Sm g-¹ of wet biomass and 3.26·10-7 ng Sm per cell, mainly bioaccumulated within the cells). The selection of microalgae strains with improved tolerance to REEs by this methodology could be a promising solution for REES sequestration. However, increased tolerance can be independent or have negative effects on uptake performance and cellular features studied are not directly correlated with the metal uptake. SUMMARY SENTENCE: Repurposing a classic laboratory evolution experiment to select for microalgae Samarium adapted strains for metals recovery and biotechnology approaches. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its raw files).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camino García-Balboa
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Julia Romero-López
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Victoria López-Rodas
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Costas
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Baselga-Cervera
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain; Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; Minnesota Center for Philosophy of Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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7
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P S C, Sanyal D, Dasgupta S, Banik A. Cadmium biosorption and biomass production by two freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus acutus and Chlorella pyrenoidosa: An integrated approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:128755. [PMID: 33143896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in different water bodies is a matter of serious concern, as it can cause biomagnification in our food chain up to several trophic levels. In this study, Cd toxicity was investigated in the micro-algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus acutus exposed to various concentrations of Cd for 96 h. The inhibitory and toxic effects of Cd2+ on growth and photosynthetic parameters of algae were demonstrated. The bioremediation potentials of these algae were investigated and bioremoval mechanisms were confirmed using qualitative electron microscopic assay such as scanning/transmission electron microscope (S/TEM). The photochemical quenching (Fv/Fm), quantum yield (YII), relative electron transfer rate (rETR) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were inhibited significantly and reduced by ≥ 50% of the control at MIC 50 values. The C. pyrenoidosa and S. acutus biomass have shown 30% and 20% reduction in carbon content and 10% and 12% reduction in nitrogen content at MIC50 values of Cd2+ treatment, respectively. During bioremoval studies, C. pyrenoidosa and S. acutus have shown 45.45% and 57.14% Cd2+ removal of Cd2+ from initial concentration of 1.5 ppm. Out of total cadmium removal C. pyrenoidosa was reported 3% bioaccumulation and 97% biosorption. Whereas S. acutus showed 1.5% accumulation and 98.5% biosorption. The S/TEM images showed the surface accumulation and bioaccumulation of cadmium inside the cytoplasm, vacuoles, and chloroplast. Thus cultivating C. pyrenoidosa and S. acutus would be beneficial in Cd2+ contaminated water bodies as they serve the dual purpose by Cd remediation and algal biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekharaiah P S
- Department of Microbiology, School Of Science, RK University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India; Research and Development, Reliance Industries Ltd, Jamnagar, India
| | - Debanjan Sanyal
- Research and Development, Reliance Industries Ltd, Jamnagar, India
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Research and Development, Reliance Industries Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Avishek Banik
- School of Biotechnology, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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León-Vaz A, Romero LC, Gotor C, León R, Vigara J. Effect of cadmium in the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana: A proteomic study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111301. [PMID: 32949933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is one of the most common heavy metals in contaminated aquatic environments and one of the most toxic contaminants for phytoplankton. Nevertheless, there are not enough studies focused on the effect of this metal in algae. Through a proteomic approach, this work shows how Cd can alter the growth, cell morphology and metabolism of the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana. Using the sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS), we concluded that exposure of Chlorella sorokiniana to 250 μM Cd2+ for 40 h caused downregulation of different metabolic pathways, such as photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, TCA cycle and ribosomal proteins biosynthesis. However, photorespiration, antioxidant enzymes, gluconeogenesis, starch catabolism, and biosynthesis of glutamate, cysteine, glycine and serine were upregulated, under the same conditions. Finally, exposure to Cd also led to changes in the metabolism of carotenoids and lipids. In addition, the high tolerance of Chlorella sorokiniana to Cd points to this microalga as a potential microorganism to be used in bioremediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio León-Vaz
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Marine International Campus of Excellence and REMSMA, University of Huelva, 210071, Huelva, Spain
| | - Luis C Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, 49. 41092, Seville. Spain
| | - Cecilia Gotor
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, 49. 41092, Seville. Spain
| | - Rosa León
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Marine International Campus of Excellence and REMSMA, University of Huelva, 210071, Huelva, Spain
| | - Javier Vigara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Marine International Campus of Excellence and REMSMA, University of Huelva, 210071, Huelva, Spain.
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Chatterjee S, Kumari S, Rath S, Priyadarshanee M, Das S. Diversity, structure and regulation of microbial metallothionein: metal resistance and possible applications in sequestration of toxic metals. Metallomics 2020; 12:1637-1655. [PMID: 32996528 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00140f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are a group of cysteine-rich, universal, low molecular weight proteins distributed widely in almost all major taxonomic groups ranging from tiny microbes to highly organized vertebrates. The primary function of this protein is storage, transportation and binding of metals, which enable microorganisms to detoxify heavy metals. In the microbial world, these peptides were first identified in a cyanobacterium Synechococcus as the SmtA protein which exhibits high affinity towards rising level of zinc and cadmium to preserve metal homeostasis in a cell. In yeast, MTs aid in reserving copper and confer protection against copper toxicity by chelating excess copper ions in a cell. Two MTs, CUP1 and Crs5, originating from Saccharomyces cerevisiae predominantly bind to copper though are capable of binding with zinc and cadmium ions. MT superfamily 7 is found in ciliated protozoa which show high affinity towards copper and cadmium. Several tools and techniques, such as western blot, capillary electrophoresis, inductively coupled plasma, atomic emission spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography, have been extensively utilized for the detection and quantification of microbial MTs which are utilized for the efficient remediation and sequestration of heavy metals from a contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreosi Chatterjee
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology (LEnME), Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769 008, Odisha, India.
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Balzano S, Sardo A, Blasio M, Chahine TB, Dell’Anno F, Sansone C, Brunet C. Microalgal Metallothioneins and Phytochelatins and Their Potential Use in Bioremediation. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:517. [PMID: 32431671 PMCID: PMC7216689 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The persistence of heavy metals (HMs) in the environment causes adverse effects to all living organisms; HMs accumulate along the food chain affecting different levels of biological organizations, from cells to tissues. HMs enter cells through transporter proteins and can bind to enzymes and nucleic acids interfering with their functioning. Strategies used by microalgae to minimize HM toxicity include the biosynthesis of metal-binding peptides that chelate metal cations inhibiting their activity. Metal-binding peptides include genetically encoded metallothioneins (MTs) and enzymatically produced phytochelatins (PCs). A number of techniques, including genetic engineering, focus on increasing the biosynthesis of MTs and PCs in microalgae. The present review reports the current knowledge on microalgal MTs and PCs and describes the state of art of their use for HM bioremediation and other putative biotechnological applications, also emphasizing on techniques aimed at increasing the cellular concentrations of MTs and PCs. In spite of the broad metabolic and chemical diversity of microalgae that are currently receiving increasing attention by biotechnological research, knowledge on MTs and PCs from these organisms is still limited to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Balzano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli (SZN), Naples, Italy
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Burg, Netherlands
| | - Angela Sardo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli (SZN), Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Blasio
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli (SZN), Naples, Italy
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Heavy metal resistance in algae and its application for metal nanoparticle synthesis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3297-3316. [PMID: 30847543 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ungenerous release of metals from different industrial, agricultural, and anthropogenic sources has resulted in heavy metal pollution. Metals with a density larger than 5 g cm-3 have been termed as heavy metals and have been stated to be potentially toxic to human and animals. Algae are known to be pioneer organisms with the potential to grow under extreme conditions including heavy metal-polluted sites. They have evolved efficient defense strategies to combat the toxic effects exerted by heavy metal ions. Most of the algal strains are reported to accumulate elevated metal ion concentration in cellular organelles. With respect to that, this review focuses on understanding the various strategies used by algal system for heavy metal resistance. Additionally, the application of this metal resistance in biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles and metal oxide nanoparticles has been investigated in details. We thereby conclude that algae serve as an excellent system for understanding metal uptake and accumulation. This thereby assists in the design and development of low-cost approaches for large-scale synthesis of nanoparticles and bioremediation approach, providing ample opportunities for future work.
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12
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Attached culture of Chlamydomonas sp. JSC4 for biofilm production and TN/TP/Cu(II) removal. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Tibrewal A, Rajesh N, Rajesh V. Identification and Characterization of the microbial communities found in electronic industrial effluent and their potential for bioremediation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 164:379-387. [PMID: 30138821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities are dynamic systems that develop depending on the ecological niche in which they survive. Electronic industry effluent, rich in heavy metals and salts is one such ecosystem where diverse heavy metal resistant microbes exist. Taxonomic identification of this microbial community would be interesting as no information on the microbial diversity from electronic industry effluent is available till date. Our paper attempts to characterize the microbial inhabitants of this niche. Culture dependent microbiological methods were used to establish and identify various microbial species from the effluent. Culture independent methods of identification involving biochemical tests and molecular biology based methods like 16 S- r DNA sequencing and lipid analyses (FAME analysis) were also carried out to confirm the identity of isolated species. Our study, first of its kind revealed the presence of a diverse group of resistant aerobic microbes and disclosed a total of ten bacterial and two fungal isolates. All these isolates were found to survive in presence of heavy metals like cadmium, lead and zinc and were resistant to antibiotics like ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, penicillin and chloramphenicol as indicated by their Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC). Such resistant isolates harbor possibilities of metal adaptive/selective pathways which render them as economically beneficial bio-sorbent alternatives in bioremediation of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Tibrewal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - N Rajesh
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Vidya Rajesh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, Hyderabad 500078, India.
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14
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De Francisci D, Su Y, Iital A, Angelidaki I. Evaluation of microalgae production coupled with wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:581-592. [PMID: 28303757 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1308441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the feasibility of microalgae production coupled with wastewater treatment was assessed. Continuous cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana with wastewater was tested in lab-scale flat-panel photobioreactors. Nitrogen and phosphorus removals were found to be inversely proportional to the four dilution rates, while chemical oxygen demand removal was found to be 50% at all the tested conditions. The biomass obtained at the highest dilution rate was characterized for its content of lipids, proteins and pigments. The average yields of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), protein, lutein, chlorophylls and β-carotene was 62.4, 388.2, 1.03, 11.82 and 0.44 mg per gram dry biomass, respectively. Economic analysis revealed that potentially more than 70% of revenue was from the production of pigments, that is, chlorophyllin (59.6%), lutein (8.9%) and β-carotene (5.0%) while reduction in discharging costs of the treated wastewaters could account for 19.6% of the revenue. Due to the low market price of biodiesel, the revenue from the above was found to be the least profitable (1.4%). Even when combining all these different revenues, this cultivation strategy was found with the current prices to be uneconomical. Power consumption for artificial light was responsible for the 94.5% of the production costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide De Francisci
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Yixi Su
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Arvo Iital
- b Department of Environmental Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
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15
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Godson PS, Magesh NS, Peter TS, Chandrasekar N, Krishnakumar S, Vincent SGT. A baseline study on the concentration of trace elements in the surface sediments off Southwest coast of Tamil Nadu, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 126:381-388. [PMID: 29421115 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Forty two surface sediment samples were collected in order to document baseline elemental concentration along the Southwest coast of Tamil Nadu, India. The elements detected were Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb). The concentration of Fe and Mn was primarily controlled by the riverine input. The source of Pb and Zn is attributed to leaded petrol and anti-biofouling paints. The calculated index (EF, Igeo and CF) suggests that the sediments of the study area are significantly enriched with all elements except Pb. The contamination factor showed the order of Mn>Zn>Fe>Cu>Ni>Pb. The sediment pollution index (SPI) revealed that the sediments belonged to low polluted to dangerous category. The correlation matrix and dendrogram showed that the elemental distribution was chiefly controlled by riverine input as well as anthropogenic activity in the coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince S Godson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kerala, Karyavattom campus, Thiruvananthapuram 695581.
| | - N S Magesh
- Department of Geology, Anna University, Chennai 600025
| | - T Simon Peter
- Centre for GeoTechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012
| | - N Chandrasekar
- Centre for GeoTechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012
| | - S Krishnakumar
- Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University, Guindy campus, Chennai 600025
| | - Salom Gnana Thanga Vincent
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kerala, Karyavattom campus, Thiruvananthapuram 695581.
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16
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Guldhe A, Kumari S, Ramanna L, Ramsundar P, Singh P, Rawat I, Bux F. Prospects, recent advancements and challenges of different wastewater streams for microalgal cultivation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 203:299-315. [PMID: 28803154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are recognized as one of the most powerful biotechnology platforms for many value added products including biofuels, bioactive compounds, animal and aquaculture feed etc. However, large scale production of microalgal biomass poses challenges due to the requirements of large amounts of water and nutrients for cultivation. Using wastewater for microalgal cultivation has emerged as a potential cost effective strategy for large scale microalgal biomass production. This approach also offers an efficient means to remove nutrients and metals from wastewater making wastewater treatment sustainable and energy efficient. Therefore, much research has been conducted in the recent years on utilizing various wastewater streams for microalgae cultivation. This review identifies and discusses the opportunities and challenges of different wastewater streams for microalgal cultivation. Many alternative routes for microalgal cultivation have been proposed to tackle some of the challenges that occur during microalgal cultivation in wastewater such as nutrient deficiency, substrate inhibition, toxicity etc. Scope and challenges of microalgal biomass grown on wastewater for various applications are also discussed along with the biorefinery approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Guldhe
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Sheena Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Luveshan Ramanna
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Prathana Ramsundar
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Poonam Singh
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Ismail Rawat
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Faizal Bux
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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17
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Zaborowska M, Kucharski J, Wyszkowska J. Brown Algae and Basalt Meal in Maintaining the Activity of Arylsulfatase of Soil Polluted with Cadmium. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2017; 228:267. [PMID: 28747806 PMCID: PMC5501898 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-017-3449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study analysed the effectiveness of innovative (basalt meal, brown algae extract) and conventional (barley straw) substances which hypothetically alleviate the inhibiting effect of Cd2+ on biochemical properties of soil, with particular regard to the activity of arylsulfatase. An analysis of their potential was carried out based on the activity of arylsulfatase and the number of Pseudomonas sp. determined on the 25th and 50th days of the study. Cd2+ was applied in the following doses: 0, 4, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200 mg Cd2+ kg-1 of DM soil, in the form of CdCl2·2.5H2O. A complex formulation of the issue was obtained from the presentation of biochemical properties using the RS (resistance of soil) index. Cadmium caused permanent adverse effects in the soil environment, inhibiting the activity of arylsulfatase and the yield of spring barley. The consequences of stress connected with increasing Cd2+ pollution were intensified by an elongation of the accumulation time of the tested metal in the soil. Chances for regeneration of the soil may be sought, most of all, with the application of straw and, to a lesser degree, with basalt meal. Brown algae did not meet the expectations for its potential. An increase in the studied parameters also resulted from sowing the soil with spring barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zaborowska
- Department of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Kucharski
- Department of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Wyszkowska
- Department of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
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18
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Piotrowska-Niczyporuk A, Bajguz A, Talarek M, Bralska M, Zambrzycka E. The effect of lead on the growth, content of primary metabolites, and antioxidant response of green alga Acutodesmus obliquus (Chlorophyceae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:19112-19123. [PMID: 26233754 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Green unicellular alga Acutodesmus obliquus (Turpin) Hegewald et Hanagata (SAG strain no. 276-6) (Chlorophyceae) was used for determination of phytotoxicity of lead (Pb) at the range of concentrations 0.01-500 μM during 7 days of culture. The accumulation of Pb in algal cells was found to be increased in a concentration- and duration-dependent manner. The highest Pb uptake value was obtained in response to 500 μM Pb on the seventh day of cultivation. The decrease in the number and the size of cells and the contents of selected primary metabolites (photosynthetic pigments, monosaccharides, and proteins) in A. obliquus cells were observed under Pb stress. Heavy metal stimulated also formation of reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide) and oxidative damage as evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, the deleterious effects of Pb resulting from the cellular oxidative state can be alleviated by enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) and non-enzymatic (ascorbate, glutathione) antioxidant systems. These results suggest that A. obliquus is a promising bioindicator of heavy metal toxicity in aquatic environment, and it has been identified as good scavenger of Pb from aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Piotrowska-Niczyporuk
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Bajguz
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marta Talarek
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Bralska
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Zambrzycka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland
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19
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Miazek K, Iwanek W, Remacle C, Richel A, Goffin D. Effect of Metals, Metalloids and Metallic Nanoparticles on Microalgae Growth and Industrial Product Biosynthesis: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:23929-69. [PMID: 26473834 PMCID: PMC4632732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161023929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are a source of numerous compounds that can be used in many branches of industry. Synthesis of such compounds in microalgal cells can be amplified under stress conditions. Exposure to various metals can be one of methods applied to induce cell stress and synthesis of target products in microalgae cultures. In this review, the potential of producing diverse biocompounds (pigments, lipids, exopolymers, peptides, phytohormones, arsenoorganics, nanoparticles) from microalgae cultures upon exposure to various metals, is evaluated. Additionally, different methods to alter microalgae response towards metals and metal stress are described. Finally, possibilities to sustain high growth rates and productivity of microalgal cultures in the presence of metals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Miazek
- AgricultureIsLife Platform, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium.
| | - Waldemar Iwanek
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Swietokrzyska 15, Kielce 25-406, Poland.
| | - Claire Remacle
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Institute of Botany, University of Liege, B22, 27, Bld du Rectorat, Liège B-4000, Belgium.
| | - Aurore Richel
- Unit of Biological and Industrial Chemistry, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium.
| | - Dorothee Goffin
- Cellule Innovation et Créativité, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium.
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20
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Mahu E, Nyarko E, Hulme S, Coale KH. Distribution and enrichment of trace metals in marine sediments from the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic, off the Coast of Ghana in the Gulf of Guinea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 98:301-307. [PMID: 26139460 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present results of a preliminary geochemical assessment of Cd, Pb, V, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mg, Al, K, Ca, and Fe in marine sediments from the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic, off the Coast of Ghana. Samples were taken along 4 regions G1, G2, G3 and G4 at approximately 25m, 100m, and 250m, 500m and 1000m depths. Elemental compositions were assessed through the estimation of Al-normalized enrichment factors and geochemical accumulation indices, and the concentrations determined to produce any potential toxic effects to biota. Significant enrichment of the bottom sediments with Cd, Ni and As were observed at some locations with sediments showing signs of heavy pollution with As at region G4. Apart from Ni, V and As which were beyond threshold effects levels at most regions, all other metals were below probable effect levels. Both natural and anthropogenic processes controlled trace metal accumulation and distribution in the Ghanaian coastal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edem Mahu
- University of Ghana, Ghana; Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, CA, United States.
| | | | - Samuel Hulme
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, CA, United States
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21
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Yang J, Cao J, Xing G, Yuan H. Lipid production combined with biosorption and bioaccumulation of cadmium, copper, manganese and zinc by oleaginous microalgae Chlorella minutissima UTEX2341. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 175:537-44. [PMID: 25459865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Algae lipid production combined with heavy metal removal is a cost-effective and environment-friendly method for algae biofuel production and hazardous waste treatment. Chlorella minutissima UTEX 2341 had strong resistance to cadmium, copper, manganese and zinc ions under heterotrophic culture condition and could efficiently remove them through intracellular accumulation and extracellular immobilization. Meanwhile, lipid accumulation was not inhibited by heavy metals. Instead, the algae lipid content significantly increased by 21.07% and 93.90%, respectively with the addition of cadmium and copper. Furthermore, the heavy metal residue in lipid was within μg range and satisfied the commercial standard. This artificial wastewater-algae biofuel-heavy-metal integrated utilization technology offered a new alternative solution to the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinShui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - GuanLan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - HongLi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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22
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Lee SY, Jung KH, Lee JE, Lee KA, Lee SH, Lee JY, Lee JK, Jeong JT, Lee SY. Photosynthetic biomineralization of radioactive Sr via microalgal CO2 absorption. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 172:449-452. [PMID: 25262456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble radiostrontium ((90)Sr) was efficiently removed as a carbonate form through microalgal photosynthetic process. The immobilization of soluble (90)Sr radionuclide and production of highly-precipitable radio-strontianite ((90)SrCO3) biomineral are achieved by using Chlorella vulgaris, and the biologically induced mineralization drastically decreased the (90)Sr radioactivity in water to make the highest (90)Sr removal ever reported. The high-resolution microscopy revealed that the short-term removal of soluble (90)Sr by C. vulgaris was attributable to the rapid and selective carbonation of (90)Sr together with the consumption of dissolved CO2 during photosynthesis. A small amount of carbonate in water could act as Sr(2+) sinks through the particular ability of the microalga to make the carbonate mineral of Sr stabilized firmly at the surface site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yeop Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hwan Jung
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea; Department of Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Eun Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Ah Lee
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyo Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Tae Jeong
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yop Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Ren HY, Liu BF, Kong F, Zhao L, Xie GJ, Ren NQ. Enhanced lipid accumulation of green microalga Scenedesmus sp. by metal ions and EDTA addition. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 169:763-767. [PMID: 25037828 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Effects of Fe(3+) (0-0.12 g/L), Mg(2+) (0-0.73 g/L) and Ca(2+) (0-0.98 g/L) on the biomass and lipid accumulation of heterotrophic microalgae were investigated in dark environment. The biomass and lipid production exhibited an increasing trend with increasing the concentrations of metal ions. In cultures with 1.2 × 10(-3) g/L Fe(3+), 7.3 × 10(-3) g/L Mg(2+) and 9.8 × 10(-4) g/L Ca(2+), the maximum biomass, total lipid content and lipid productivity reached 3.49 g/L, 47.4% and 275.7 mg/L/d, respectively. More importantly, EDTA addition (1.0 × 10(-3) g/L) could enhance the solubility of metal ions (iron and calcium) and increase their availability by microalgae, which evidently promote the lipid accumulation. Compared with the control, the total lipid content and lipid productivity increased 28.2% and 29.7%, respectively. These show that appropriate concentrations of metal ions and EDTA in the culture medium were beneficial to lipid accumulation of heterotrophic Scenedesmus sp. cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Bing-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Fanying Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guo-Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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24
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Yang L, Li Y, Savage PE. Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction of a Microalga in a Two-Chamber Reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie5020684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology and State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School
of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States
| | - Yongdan Li
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology and State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School
of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Phillip E. Savage
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States
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Carfagna S, Lanza N, Salbitani G, Basile A, Sorbo S, Vona V. Physiological and morphological responses of Lead or Cadmium exposed Chlorella sorokiniana 211-8K (Chlorophyceae). SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:147. [PMID: 23641320 PMCID: PMC3639356 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The heavy metal pollution in soils and aquatic environments is a serious ecological problem. In the green-microalga Chlorella sorokiniana 211-8K (Chlorophyceae) exposed to ions of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) we studied the metabolic responses to the toxicity of these two heavy metals. Our data indicate that both the pollutants alter the alga cell ultrastructure and its physiological characteristics (growth, photosynthesis, respiration, enzyme activities). The toxic effects of the two metals resulted time-dependent to the exposure. After 24 h of treatment with 250 μM Pb or Cd, photosynthesis was inhibited until to 77 and 86%, however respiration was strongly enhanced up to 300 and 350%, respectively. In the algal cells Pb or Cd exposure induced a reduction in the content of the total chlorophylls and a decrease of the soluble protein levels, significantly compromising the growth, particularly in cultures cadmium-treated. We report data on ultrastructural changes induced by the two heavy metals; they affected overall chloroplast ultrastructure of the alga. Most importantly, the O-acetyl-L-serine(thiol)lyase (OASTL) activity was appreciably increased after only 2 h of Cd exposure, indicating the existence of a link between the metal contamination and cysteine synthesis. Then, Chlorella sorokiniana cells seem to better tolerate high concentrations of Pb while appear to be more sensitive to Cd ions. These results provide some additional information that can lead to better understand consequences of heavy metal poisoning in microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Carfagna
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Foria 223, Naples, I-80139 Italy
| | - Nicola Lanza
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Foria 223, Naples, I-80139 Italy
| | - Giovanna Salbitani
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Foria 223, Naples, I-80139 Italy
| | - Adriana Basile
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Foria 223, Naples, I-80139 Italy
| | - Sergio Sorbo
- CISME, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Foria 223, Naples, I-80139 Italy
| | - Vincenza Vona
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Foria 223, Naples, I-80139 Italy
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Ji F, Hao R, Liu Y, Li G, Zhou Y, Dong R. Isolation of a novel microalgae strain Desmodesmus sp. and optimization of environmental factors for its biomass production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 148:249-54. [PMID: 24055966 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel strain of unicellular green algae was isolated from fresh water samples collected from Yesanpo National Geopark, Laishui County of Hebei Province, China. The morphological and genomic identification of this strain was carried out using 18s rRNA analysis. This novel strain was identified as Desmodesmus sp. named as EJ15-2. Environmental factors for biomass production of Desmodesmus sp. EJ15-2 grown under autotrophic condition (BG11 medium) was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A high correlation coefficient (R(2)=0.923, p ≤ 0.01) indicated the adaptability of the second-order equation matched well with the growth condition of this strain. The optimal conditions for a relatively high biomass production (up to 0.758 g/L) were at 30°C, 98 μmol/m(2)/s and 14:10 (L:D), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ji
- College of Engineering/Biomass Engineering Center, China Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Clean Production and Utilization of Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China
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Lananan F, Jusoh A, Ali N, Lam SS, Endut A. Effect of Conway Medium and f/2 Medium on the growth of six genera of South China Sea marine microalgae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 141:75-82. [PMID: 23562179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A study was performed to determine the effect of Conway and f/2 media on the growth of microalgae genera. Genera of Chlorella sp., Dunaliella sp., Isochrysis sp., Chaetoceros sp., Pavlova sp. and Tetraselmis sp. were isolated from the South China Sea. During the cultivation period, the density of cells were determined using Syringe Liquid Sampler Particle Measuring System (SLS-PMS) that also generated the population distribution curve based on the size of the cells. The population of the microalgae genera is thought to consist of mother and daughter generations since these microalgae genera reproduce by releasing small non-motile reproductive cells (autospores). It was found that the reproduction of Tetraselmis sp., Dunaliella sp. and Pavlova sp. could be sustained longer in f/2 Medium. Higher cell density was achieved by genus Dunaliella, Chlorella and Isochrysis in Conway Medium. Different genera of microalgae had a preference for different types of cultivation media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathurrahman Lananan
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
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Bio-removal of cadmium by growing deep-sea bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. SCSE709-6. Extremophiles 2013; 17:723-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-013-0554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Wan MX, Wang RM, Xia JL, Rosenberg JN, Nie ZY, Kobayashi N, Oyler GA, Betenbaugh MJ. Physiological evaluation of a new Chlorella sorokiniana isolate for its biomass production and lipid accumulation in photoautotrophic and heterotrophic cultures. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 109:1958-64. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.24477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2011] [Revised: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Ray J, Thomas TB. Ecology and Diversity of Green-algae of Tropical Oxic Dystrustepts Soils in Relation to Different Soil Parameters and Vegetation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/rjsb.2012.42.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Laib E, Leghouchi E. Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations in Ulva lactuca, Codium fragile, Jania rubens, and Dictyota dichotoma from Rabta Bay, Jijel (Algeria). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2012; 184:1711-8. [PMID: 21755430 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were determined in algae samples collected from the Rabta Bay in the Mediterranean Sea, Algeria. The levels of heavy metals in the macroalgae, Ulva lactuca, Codium fragile (green algae), Jania rubens (red algae), and Dictyota dichotoma (brown algae) recorded high concentrations except for Cd. Moreover, Zn was the most predominant metal in the seaweeds. The obtained HM contents indicate that different species demonstrate various degree of metal accumulation and the obtained higher values in site 1 of the studied zone can be attributed to the discharge influence of two rivers (Mouttas and Larayeche Rivers), entering the Mediterranean Sea and local pollutant emissions. The abundance of heavy metal concentrations in the macroalgae samples was found in the order below: Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd from the studied zone. The highest amounts of heavy metals in algae samples were Cd, Cu, and Pb in brown algae, and Cr and Zn in green and brown algae from the studied zone (Rabta Bay).
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Affiliation(s)
- Essaid Laib
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, University of Jijel, BP 98 Ouled Aissa, Jijel 18000, Algeria
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32
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Gateva S, Mitrovska Z, Jovtchev G, Chankova S. Green Algae Can Modulate the Genotoxic Action of Cadmium in Human Lymphocytes. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2012. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2011.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Sorption of copper(II) ions in the biomass of alga Spirogyra sp. Bioelectrochemistry 2011; 87:65-70. [PMID: 22245248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sorption of copper ions by the alga Spirogyra sp. was investigated to determine the influence of experimental conditions and the methods of sample preparation on the process. The experiments were carried out both under the static and the dynamic conditions. Kinetics and equilibrium parameters of the sorption were evaluated. In addition, the influence was studied of the algae preparation methods on the conductivity of demineralized water in which the algae samples were immersed. The static experiments showed that the sorption of Cu(2+) ions reached equilibrium in about 30 min, with approximately 90% of the ions adsorbed in the initial 15 min. The sorption capacity determined from the Langmuir isotherms appeared highly uncertain (SD=±0.027 mg/g dry mass or ±11%, for the live algae). Under static conditions, the slopes of the Langmuir isotherms depended on the ratio of the alga mass to the volume of solution. The conductometric measurements were proven to be a simple and fast way to evaluate the quality of algae used for the experiments.
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34
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Cha TS, Chen JW, Goh EG, Aziz A, Loh SH. Differential regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis in two Chlorella species in response to nitrate treatments and the potential of binary blending microalgae oils for biodiesel application. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:10633-10640. [PMID: 21967717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of different nitrate concentrations in culture medium on oil content and fatty acid composition of Chlorella vulgaris (UMT-M1) and Chlorella sorokiniana (KS-MB2). Results showed that both species produced significant higher (p<0.05) oil content at nitrate ranging from 0.18 to 0.66 mM with C. vulgaris produced 10.20-11.34% dw, while C. sorokiniana produced 15.44-17.32% dw. The major fatty acids detected include C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3. It is interesting to note that both species displayed differentially regulated fatty acid accumulation patterns in response to nitrate treatments at early stationary growth phase. Their potential use for biodiesel application could be enhanced by exploring the concept of binary blending of the two microalgae oils using developed mathematical equations to calculate the oil mass blending ratio and simultaneously estimated the weight percentage (wt.%) of desirable fatty acid compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thye San Cha
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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35
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Cuaresma M, Janssen M, van den End EJ, Vílchez C, Wijffels RH. Luminostat operation: a tool to maximize microalgae photosynthetic efficiency in photobioreactors during the daily light cycle? BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:7871-8. [PMID: 21680180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The luminostat regime has been proposed as a way to maximize light absorption and thus to increase the microalgae photosynthetic efficiency within photobioreactors. In this study, simulated outdoor light conditions were applied to a lab-scale photobioreactor in order to evaluate the luminostat control under varying light conditions. The photon flux density leaving the reactor (PFD(out)) was varied from 4 to 20 μmol photons m(-2)s(-1)and the productivity and photosynthetic efficiency of Chlorella sorokiniana were assessed. Maximal volumetric productivity (1.22g kg(-1)d(-1)) and biomass yield on PAR photons (400-700 nm) absorbed (1.27 g mol(-1)) were found when PFD(out) was maintained between 4 and 6 μmol photons m(-2)s(-1). The resultant photosynthetic efficiency was comparable to that already reported in a chemostat-controlled reactor. A strict luminostat regime could not be maintained under varying light conditions. Further modifications to the luminostat control are required before application under outdoor conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cuaresma
- Wageningen University, Bioprocess Engineering, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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36
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Purification and characterization of a novel keto ester reductase from the green alga, Chlorella sorokiniana: comparison of enzymological properties with other microbial keto ester reductases. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0421-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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37
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Abou-Shanab RAEAI. Bioremediation: New Approaches and Trends. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 2011:65-94. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1914-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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38
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Kim YJ, Kwon S, Kim MK. Effect of Chlorella vulgaris intake on cadmium detoxification in rats fed cadmium. Nutr Res Pract 2009; 3:89-94. [PMID: 20016707 PMCID: PMC2788181 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2009.3.2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate if dietary Chlorella vulgaris (chlorella) intake would be effective on cadmium (Cd) detoxification in rats fed dietary Cd. Fourteen-week old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats weighing 415.0 +/- 1.6 g were randomly divided into two groups and fed slightly modified American Institute of Nutrition-93 Growing (AIN-93G) diet without (n=10) or with (n=40) dietary Cd (200 ppm) for 8 weeks. To confirm alteration by dietary Cd intake, twenty rats fed AIN-93G diet without (n=10) and with (n=10) dietary Cd were sacrificed and compared. Other thirty rats were randomly blocked into three groups and fed slightly modified AIN-93G diets replacing 0 (n=10), 5 (n=10) or 10% (n=10) chlorella of total kg diet for 4 weeks. Daily food intake, body weight change, body weight gain/calorie intake, organ weight (liver, spleen, and kidney), perirenal fat pad and epididymal fat pad weights were measured. To examine Cd detoxification, urinary Cd excretion and metallothonein (MT) concentrations in kidney and intestine were measured. Food intake, calorie intake, body weight change, body weight gain/calorie intake, organ weight and fat pad weights were decreased by dietary Cd intake. Urinary Cd excretion and MT concentrations in kidney and small intestine were increased by dietary Cd. After given Cd containing diet, food intake, calorie intake, body weight change, body weight gain/calorie intake, organ weights and fat pad weights were not influenced by dietary chlorella intake. Renal MT synthesis tended to be higher in a dose-dependent manner, but not significantly. And chlorella intake did not significantly facilitate renal and intestinal MT synthesis and urinary Cd excretion. These findings suggest that, after stopping cadmium supply, chlorella supplementation, regardless of its percentage, might not improve cadmium detoxification from the body in growing rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Jin Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyeon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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39
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Shim JA, Son YA, Park JM, Kim MK. Effect of Chlorella intake on Cadmium metabolism in rats. Nutr Res Pract 2009; 3:15-22. [PMID: 20016697 PMCID: PMC2788161 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2009.3.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2008] [Revised: 01/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effect of chlorella on cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Cd- administered rats. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats (14 week-old) were blocked into 6 groups. Cadmium chloride was given at levels of 0 or 325 mg (Cd: 0, 160 ppm), and chlorella powder at levels of 0, 3 and 5%. Cadmium was accumulated in blood and tissues (liver, kidney and small intestine) in the Cd-exposed groups, while the accumulation of Cd was decreased in the Cd-exposed chlorella groups. Fecal and urinary Cd excretions were remarkably increased in Cd-exposed chlorella groups. Thus, cadmium retention ratio and absorption rate were decreased in the Cd exposed chlorella groups. Urinary and serum creatinine, and creatinine clearance were not changed in experimental animals. In addition, metallothionein (MT) synthesis in tissues was increased by Cd administration. The Cd-exposed chlorella groups indicated lower MT concentration compared to the Cd-exposed groups. Moreover, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was not changed by dietary chlorella and Cd administration. According to the results above, this study could suggest that Cd toxicity can be alleviated by increasing Cd excretion through feces. Therefore, when exposed to Cd, chlorella is an appropriate source which counteracts heavy metal poisoning, to decrease the damage of tissues by decreasing cadmium absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Ae Shim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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40
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de-Bashan LE, Trejo A, Huss VAR, Hernandez JP, Bashan Y. Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 2805, a heat and intense, sunlight-tolerant microalga with potential for removing ammonium from wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:4980-9. [PMID: 18024023 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Revised: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 09/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the summer of 2003, a microalga strain was isolated from a massive green microalgae bloom in wastewater stabilization ponds at the treatment facility of La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico. Prevailing environmental conditions were air temperatures over 40 degrees C, water temperature of 37 degrees C, and insolation of up to 2400 micromol m2 s(-1) at midday for several hours at the water surface for four months. The microalga was identified as Chlorella sorokiniana Shih. et Krauss, based on sequencing its entire 18S rRNA gene. In a controlled photo-bioreactor, this strain can grow to high population densities in synthetic wastewater at temperatures of 40-42 degrees C and light intensity of 2500 micromol m2 s(-1) for 5h daily and efficiently remove ammonium from the wastewater under these conditions better than under normal lower temperature (28 degrees C) and lower light intensity (60 micromol m2 s(-1)). When co-immobilized with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense that promotes growth of microalgae, the population of microalga grew faster and removed even more ammonium. Under exposure to extreme growth conditions, the quantity of four photosynthetic pigments increased in the co-immobilized cultures. This strain of microalga has potential as a wastewater treatment agent under extreme conditions of temperature and light intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz E de-Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research, Mar Bermejo 195, Colonia Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz 23090, BCS, Mexico
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41
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Sun Y, Zhou Q, Diao C. Effects of cadmium and arsenic on growth and metal accumulation of Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:1103-10. [PMID: 17719774 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2006] [Revised: 02/20/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites using hyperaccumulators presents a promising alternative to current environmental methodologies. In the pot-culture experiment, the effects of Cd, and Cd-As on the growth and its accumulation in the Cd-hyperaccumulator (Solanum nigrum L.) were determined. No reduction in plant height and shoot dry biomass was noted when the plants were grown at Cd concentration of <or= 25 mg/kg. The contents of Cd in the stems increased from 122 to 387 mg/kg with increasing Cd, with the Cd transfer factor and bioaccumulation factor being >1.0. The plant can be classified as a Cd-hyperaccumulator. Growing in the presence of 10 mg/kg Cd and 50 mg/kg As, the plant height and shoot dry matter yields did not decrease significantly (p>0.05) compared to that at 10 mg/kg Cd, however the stem Cd content increased by 28%. It was also observed that S. nigrum used exclusion strategy to reduce As uptake in the roots and restricted translocation into the shoots, resulting in As contents of the plant being root>leaf>stem>seed. The Cd accumulation capacity coupled with its relatively high As tolerance ability could make it useful for phytoremediation of sites co-contaminated by Cd and As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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42
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Khan M, Yoshida N. Effect of L-glutamic acid on the growth and ammonium removal from ammonium solution and natural wastewater by Chlorella vulgaris NTM06. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:575-82. [PMID: 17321741 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/23/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this laboratory scale experiment was to study the effect of l-glutamic acid on the growth in media and removal of ammonium from ammonium solution and natural wastewater by Chlorella vulgaris NTM06. It was observed that higher levels (1.0% and 1.5%) of l-glutamic acid compared to control (0% l-glutamic acid) negatively affected growth of C. vulgaris NTM06 and enhanced removal of ammonium from ammonium solution as well as natural wastewater. After 24h of incubation, 99% of 169.3mg NH(4)(+)-N/l was removed from ammonium solution by 1.5% l-glutamic acid treated C. vulgairs NTM06 cultures; removal in case of control was 70%. In case of natural wastewaters with initial ammonium concentrations of 1550, 775, 310 and 155 mg NH(4)(+)-N/l, removal after 48 h of incubation were 60%, 88%, 61% and 55% respectively. Ammonium removals from ammonium solutions of pH 4.0-8.0 were similar, whereas adsorption of ammonium ions on to the surface of dead C. vulgaris NTM06 cells was around 11%. Compared to dark, cultures incubated under the light showed higher initial removal of ammonium, however, after 24h, differences were not significant. Further research on the role of l-glutamic acid in micro-algal treatment of wastewater and its combination with other approaches such as co-immobilization of micro-algae with other organisms, starvation of micro-algal cells and the use of polymers is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masil Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, 889-2192 Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki, Japan
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Yoshida N, Ishii K, Okuno T, Tanaka K. Purification and Characterization of Cadmium-Binding Protein from Unicelluar Alga Chlorella sorokinian. Curr Microbiol 2006; 52:460-3. [PMID: 16732456 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-005-0328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2005] [Accepted: 01/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The unicellular green alga Chlorella sorokiniana ANA9 is highly resistant to heavy metals, and its metal-binding proteins are induced in the presence of cadmium. A novel cadmium-binding protein in C. sorokiniana cultured in 100 mg/l cadmium ions for 4 days was isolated and characterized. The crude protein extract was obtained by cell disruption and partly purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation. After purification by anion-exchange chromatography with diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Sepharose CL-6B, the protein was further purified by gel filtration with Sephacryl S-100, followed by Sephadex G-75. The molecular weight of the purified protein was determined to be 11.5 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The cadmium binding capacity of the purified protein was 119 microg/mg. The involvement of thiol coordination in metal-ion binding was confirmed by measuring the ultraviolet spectrum. This article is the first to describe the metallothionein-like cadmium-binding protein from Chlorella species, the expression of which is induced by cadmium exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan.
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