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Sanjrani MA, Gang X, Mirza SNA. A review on textile solid waste management: Disposal and recycling. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2024:734242X241257093. [PMID: 39044443 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x241257093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Due to global population growth and living standards improvements, textile production and consumption are increased. Textile solid waste has become challenging issue for waste management authority. It is reported that textile materials are discarded daily, representing approximately 1.5% of the generated waste around the world. Over the past few decades, special attention has been given to the used clothes in all regions globally, which can reduce energy costs by 80% and also represent a source of raw materials economically profitable and environmentally responsible. This review article attempted to address different topics including: source of solid textile waste, environmental impact of textile waste as a result of massive consumption of clothing, textile waste management processes such as recycling, reuse of textile waste, landfill and incineration and energy recovery from textile waste. Narrative review with collection of recent quantitative information was carried to reflect the status of textile solid waste. In this article, the possibilities of bio-ethanol production from textile waste as valuable cellulosic raw material are investigated and presented. Results show that developing countries lack of systematic waste management. On another side of the globe, some countries are trying to recover energy these days by incineration. The heat and power that recovered from this process can be used instead of other energy sources. Throughout the incineration process, flue gases (CO2, H2O, O2, N2) are generated so it should be properly designed to avoid pollution. During energy recovery, different pre-treatment methods and different enzymatic hydrolysis parameters are recommended to be implied for better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzoor Ahmed Sanjrani
- Songjiang Campus, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
- HANDS-Institute of Development Studies, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Xue Gang
- Songjiang Campus, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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Almihyawi RAH, Musazade E, Alhussany N, Zhang S, Chen H. Production and characterization of bacterial cellulose by Rhizobium sp. isolated from bean root. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10848. [PMID: 38740945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer renowned for its unique physicochemical and mechanical attributes, including notable water-holding capacity, crystallinity, and a pristine fiber network structure. While BC has broad applications spanning agriculture, industry, and medicine, its industrial utilization is hindered by production costs and yield limitations. In this study, Rhizobium sp. was isolated from bean roots and systematically assessed for BC synthesis under optimal conditions, with a comparative analysis against BC produced by Komagataeibacter hansenii. The study revealed that Rhizobium sp. exhibited optimal BC synthesis when supplied with a 1.5% glucose carbon source and a 0.15% yeast extract nitrogen source. Under static conditions at 30 °C and pH 6.5, the most favorable conditions for growth and BC production (2.5 g/L) were identified. Modifications were introduced using nisin to enhance BC properties, and the resulting BC-nisin composites were comprehensively characterized through various techniques, including FE-SEM, FTIR, porosity, swelling, filtration, and antibacterial activity assessments. The results demonstrated that BC produced by Rhizobium sp. displayed properties comparable to K. hansenii-produced BC. Furthermore, the BC-nisin composites exhibited remarkable inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study contributes valuable insights into BC's production, modification, and characterization utilizing Rhizobium sp., highlighting the exceptional properties that render it efficacious across diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed A H Almihyawi
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- Department of Quality Control, Baghdad Water Authority, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq
| | - Elshan Musazade
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | | | - Sitong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
- Key Laboratory of Straw Biology and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
- Key Laboratory of Straw Biology and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Simonetti M, Butti P, Di Lorenzo RD, Mapelli V, Branduardi P. Valorisation of cotton post-industrial textile waste into lactic acid: chemo-mechanical pretreatment, separate hydrolysis and fermentation using engineered yeast. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:106. [PMID: 38600576 PMCID: PMC11007971 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The textile industry has several negative impacts, mainly because it is based on a linear business model that depletes natural resources and produces excessive amounts of waste. Globally, about 75% of textile waste is disposed of in landfills and only 25% is reused or recycled, while less than 1% is recycled back into new garments. In this study, we explored the valorisation of cotton fabric waste from an apparel textile manufacturing company as valuable biomass to produce lactic acid, a versatile chemical building block. RESULTS Post-industrial cotton patches were pre-treated with the aim of developing a methodology applicable to the industrial site involved. First, a mechanical shredding machine reduced the fabric into individual fibres of maximum 35 mm in length. Afterwards, an alkaline treatment was performed, using NaOH at different concentrations, including a 16% (w/v) NaOH enriched waste stream from the mercerisation of cotton fabrics. The combination of chemo-mechanical pre-treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis led to the maximum recovery yield of 90.46 ± 3.46%, corresponding to 74.96 ± 2.76 g/L of glucose released, which represents a novel valorisation of two different side products (NaOH enriched wastewater and cotton textile waste) of the textile industry. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CEN.PK m850, engineered for redirecting the natural alcoholic fermentation towards a homolactic fermentation, was then used to valorise the glucose-enriched hydrolysate into lactic acid. Overall, the process produced 53.04 g/L ± 0.34 of L-lactic acid, with a yield of 82.7%, being the first example of second-generation biomass valorised with this yeast strain, to the best of our knowledge. Remarkably, the fermentation performances were comparable with the ones obtained in the control medium. CONCLUSION This study validates the exploitation of cotton post-industrial waste as a possible feedstock for the production of commodity chemicals in microbial cell-based biorefineries. The presented strategy demonstrates the possibility of implementing a circular bioeconomy approach in manufacturing textile industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Simonetti
- Cotonificio Albini S.P.A., Albino, 24021, Bergamo, Italy
- IndBiotech Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Butti
- IndBiotech Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Desiré Di Lorenzo
- IndBiotech Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Mapelli
- IndBiotech Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Branduardi
- IndBiotech Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy.
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Cho EJ, Lee YG, Song Y, Kim HY, Nguyen DT, Bae HJ. Converting textile waste into value-added chemicals: An integrated bio-refinery process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:100238. [PMID: 36785801 PMCID: PMC9918418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rate of textile waste generation worldwide has increased dramatically due to a rise in clothing consumption and production. Here, conversion of cotton-based, colored cotton-based, and blended cotton-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) textile waste materials into value-added chemicals (bioethanol, sorbitol, lactic acid, terephthalic acid (TPA), and ethylene glycol (EG)) via enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation was investigated. In order to enhance the efficiency of enzymatic saccharification, effective pretreatment methods for each type of textile waste were developed, respectively. A high glucose yield of 99.1% was obtained from white cotton-based textile waste after NaOH pretreatment. Furthermore, the digestibility of the cellulose in colored cotton-based textile wastes was increased 1.38-1.75 times because of the removal of dye materials by HPAC-NaOH pretreatment. The blended cotton-PET samples showed good hydrolysis efficiency following PET removal via NaOH-ethanol pretreatment, with a glucose yield of 92.49%. The sugar content produced via enzymatic hydrolysis was then converted into key platform chemicals (bioethanol, sorbitol, and lactic acid) via fermentation or hydrogenation. The maximum ethanol yield was achieved with the white T-shirt sample (537 mL/kg substrate), which was 3.2, 2.1, and 2.6 times higher than those obtained with rice straw, pine wood, and oak wood, respectively. Glucose was selectively converted into sorbitol and LA at a yield of 70% and 83.67%, respectively. TPA and EG were produced from blended cotton-PET via NaOH-ethanol pretreatment. The integrated biorefinery process proposed here demonstrates significant potential for valorization of textile waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jin Cho
- Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Gyo Lee
- Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Younho Song
- Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Yeon Kim
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
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Boondaeng A, Keabpimai J, Srichola P, Vaithanomsat P, Trakunjae C, Niyomvong N. Optimization of Textile Waste Blends of Cotton and PET by Enzymatic Hydrolysis with Reusable Chemical Pretreatment. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081964. [PMID: 37112111 PMCID: PMC10144592 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Textile waste usually ends up in landfills and causes environmental pollution. In this study, pretreatment methods for textile recycling, including autoclaving, freezing alkali/urea soaking, and alkaline pretreatment, were applied to textile waste with various cotton/polyester blending ratios. The best condition for enzymatic hydrolysis was a 60/40 textile waste blend of cotton/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a reusable chemical pretreatment (15% NaOH) at 121 °C for 15 min. The hydrolysis of pretreated textile waste by cellulase was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD). The optimized conditions were 30 FPU/g of enzyme loading and 7% of substrate loading, which resulted in a maximum observed value of hydrolysis yield at 89.7%, corresponding to the predicted value of 87.8% after 96 h of incubation. The findings of this study suggest an optimistic solution for textile waste recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antika Boondaeng
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jureeporn Keabpimai
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Preeyanuch Srichola
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pilanee Vaithanomsat
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chanaporn Trakunjae
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Nanthavut Niyomvong
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University, Nakhon Sawan 60000, Thailand
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Singhal S, Agarwal S, Singhal N. Chemical recycling of waste clothes: a smarter approach to sustainable development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54448-54469. [PMID: 36973625 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Amount of fabric waste has increased many folds in the past few years due to increasing population and rapidly changing fashiosn trends. Its larger portion being dumped in the landfills is creating a lot of problem in its management. This is causing problems to environmental components of earth, viz., air, water, and land. Chemically, cotton-based fabrics are made up of mainly cellulose with small components of other chemicals and contribute to a big segment of overall textiles. Along with donating the cloths for various purposes, scientific solutions are also feasible for valorizing waste fabrics to value-added products. This review article focuses on important strategies for addressing fabric waste for their possible conversion to significant products of varied applications. It emphasizes on chemical routes suitable for this purpose for producing cellulose, sugar, composites, etc. This will provide an insight to the readers for understanding the chemical significance of waste fabric and exploring the best possible ways for its efficient management, ensuring a step ahead towards sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailey Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, Cluster of Applied Science, School of Engineering, UPES, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, 248007, Dehradun, India
| | - Shilpi Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Cluster of Applied Science, School of Engineering, UPES, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, 248007, Dehradun, India.
| | - Naveen Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, DIT University, Dehradun, 248009, Uttarakhand, India
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Wakade G, Lin S, Saha P, Kumari U, Daniell H. Abatement of microfibre pollution and detoxification of textile dye - Indigo by engineered plant enzymes. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:302-316. [PMID: 36208023 PMCID: PMC9884014 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microfibres (diameter <5 mm) and textile dyes released from textile industries are ubiquitous, cause environmental pollution, and harm aquatic flora, fauna, animals and human life. Therefore, enzymatic abatement of microfibre pollution and textile dye detoxification is essential. Microbial enzymes for such application present major challenges of scale and affordability to clean up large scale pollution. Therefore, enzymes required for the biodegradation of microfibres and indigo dye were expressed in transplastomic tobacco plants through chloroplast genetic engineering. Integration of laccase and lignin peroxidase genes into the tobacco chloroplast genomes and homoplasmy was confirmed by Southern blots. Decolorization (up to 86%) of samples containing indigo dye (100 mg/L) was obtained using cp-laccase (0.5% plant enzyme powder). Significant (8-fold) reduction in commercial microbial cellulase cocktail was achieved in pretreated cotton fibre hydrolysis by supplementing cost effective cellulases (endoglucanases, ß-glucosidases) and accessory enzymes (swollenin, xylanase, lipase) and ligninases (laccase lignin peroxidase) expressed in chloroplasts. Microfibre hydrolysis using cocktail of Cp-cellulases and Cp-accessory enzymes along with minimal dose (0.25% and 0.5%) of commercial cellulase blend (Ctec2) showed 88%-89% of sugar release from pretreated cotton and microfibres. Cp-ligninases, Cp-cellulases and Cp-accessory enzymes were stable in freeze dried leaves up to 15 and 36 months respectively at room temperature, when protected from light. Use of plant powder for decolorization or hydrolysis eliminated the need for preservatives, purification or concentration or cold chain. Evidently, abatement of microfibre pollution and textile dye detoxification using Cp-enzymes is a novel and cost-effective approach to prevent their environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali Wakade
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Shina Lin
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Prasenjit Saha
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Uma Kumari
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Henry Daniell
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Zheng X, Chen X, Pei Y, Su W, Zhang Z, Huang J, Xu X, Tang J, Hou P, Han W. Bioethanol production from expired cookies and economic analysis for practical application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157302. [PMID: 35863562 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work examined the potential of bioethanol production from expired cookies (EC) by the separate hydrolysis and fermentation process. EC was hydrolyzed by glucoamylase with different enzyme addition (3.5 U/g to 140 U/g) to produce the EC hydrolysate. The glucose concentration increased with enzyme addition from 3.5 U/g to 14 U/g and the highest glucose concentration of 21.2 g/L was obtained. The EC hydrolysate was used by Saccharomyces cerevisiae for bioethanol production. The optimal ethanol production obtained from this study was 40.1 g/L in term of economics and efficiency. According to the mass balance, the highest ethanol yield from EC was 0.4 g/g. Techno-economic analysis of the plant with capacity of 5 tons EC/day was also assessed in this study. The total capital cost and annual operation cost were US$540400.7 and US$144543.9/y, respectively. The revenue of the plant was US$390522/y with the sales of 660 t/y ethanol and 412.5 t/y oils. The plant should feed the EC more than 1.04 t/d (334.2 t/y) to avoid the shutdown point. This is the first study to demonstrate the bioethanol production from EC and assess the economic feasibility for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xietian Zheng
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xikai Chen
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yanbo Pei
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wang Su
- College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhengxian Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jingang Huang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; School of Automation, The Belt and Road Information Research Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaobin Xu
- School of Automation, The Belt and Road Information Research Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Junhong Tang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Pingzhi Hou
- School of Automation, The Belt and Road Information Research Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wei Han
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; School of Automation, The Belt and Road Information Research Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Damayanti D, Wulandari LA, Bagaskoro A, Rianjanu A, Wu HS. Possibility Routes for Textile Recycling Technology. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3834. [PMID: 34771390 PMCID: PMC8588244 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The fashion industry contributes to a significant environmental issue due to the increasing production and needs of the industry. The proactive efforts toward developing a more sustainable process via textile recycling has become the preferable solution. This urgent and important need to develop cheap and efficient recycling methods for textile waste has led to the research community's development of various recycling methods. The textile waste recycling process can be categorized into chemical and mechanical recycling methods. This paper provides an overview of the state of the art regarding different types of textile recycling technologies along with their current challenges and limitations. The critical parameters determining recycling performance are summarized and discussed and focus on the current challenges in mechanical and chemical recycling (pyrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrothermal, ammonolysis, and glycolysis). Textile waste has been demonstrated to be re-spun into yarn (re-woven or knitted) by spinning carded yarn and mixed shoddy through mechanical recycling. On the other hand, it is difficult to recycle some textiles by means of enzymatic hydrolysis; high product yield has been shown under mild temperatures. Furthermore, the emergence of existing technology such as the internet of things (IoT) being implemented to enable efficient textile waste sorting and identification is also discussed. Moreover, we provide an outlook as to upcoming technological developments that will contribute to facilitating the circular economy, allowing for a more sustainable textile recycling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damayanti Damayanti
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Kec. Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia; (L.A.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Latasya Adelia Wulandari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Kec. Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia; (L.A.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Adhanto Bagaskoro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Kec. Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia; (L.A.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Aditya Rianjanu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Kec. Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia;
| | - Ho-Shing Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan;
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Merritt H, Barragán-Ocaña A. The impact of market factors on the development of eco-friendly energy technologies: the case of bioethanol. CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 2021; 25:313-321. [PMID: 34744554 PMCID: PMC8556787 DOI: 10.1007/s10098-021-02225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Global warming is emerging as the most serious concern for the planet, with greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) contributing considerably to the problem. Consequently, warranting energy sustainability has turned into an urgent issue for scholars and policy-makers alike. Bioethanol has emerged as a viable eco-friendly replacement for avoiding GHG generating fossil fuels. However, bioethanol has faced several hurdles that have discouraged its development during these years. Apart from unpractical technological applications and failed ventures, bioethanol has been experiencing heavy competition from hydrocarbon fuels and adverse economic cycles. Currently, bioethanol is facing an uncertain scenario due to the combination of climbing crop prices and slow innovative production processes, including the cost-effective utilization of agriculture waste. Here, the impact of market conditions upon the competitive development of bioethanol is analyzed. It is argued that fluctuating fossil fuel prices over the last ten years has discouraged bioethanol's technological viability. As a result, the consolidation of industrial biotechnology, especially for biorefineries, has slowed down. Policy implications of recurrent fluctuations in the bioethanol market are also discussed. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10098-021-02225-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Merritt
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIECAS, Lauro Aguirre # 120, Col. Agricultura, México, CDMX 11360 México
| | - Alejandro Barragán-Ocaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIECAS, Lauro Aguirre # 120, Col. Agricultura, México, CDMX 11360 México
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11
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Gülsu A, Yüksektepe E. Preparation of Spherical Cellulose Nanoparticles from Recycled Waste Cotton for Anticancer Drug Delivery. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aydan Gülsu
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department Mugla Sitki Kocman University Muğla 48000 Turkey
| | - Ecem Yüksektepe
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department Mugla Sitki Kocman University Muğla 48000 Turkey
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12
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Binczarski MJ, Malinowska J, Stanishevsky A, Severino CJ, Yager R, Cieslak M, Witonska IA. A Model Procedure for Catalytic Conversion of Waste Cotton into Useful Chemicals. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081981. [PMID: 33920963 PMCID: PMC8071283 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cotton is grown in about 90 countries and accounts for 24% of the fibers used in the global production of textiles. In 2018/2019, 25.8 Mt of cotton were produced around the world. Since this natural product consists mainly of cellulose, it can be used as a raw material in the so-called “sugar economy”. This paper discusses a model procedure for thermally assisted acidic hydrolysis of cotton into glucose and subsequent oxidation of the glucose into calcium gluconate over Pd-Au/SiO2 catalyst. In the first step, H2SO4 was used as a catalyst for hydrolysis. The cotton hydrolysates were neutralized using CaCO3 and applied as a substrate in the second step, where glucose was oxidized over Pd-Au/SiO2 prepared by ultrasound assisted co-impregnation. With the appropriate Au/Pd molar ratio, small crystallites of palladium and gold were created which were active and selective towards the formation of gluconate ions. This approach to the transformation of glucose represents as a viable alternative to biological processes using fungal and bacterial species, which are sensitive to the presence of inhibitors such as furfurals and levulinic acid in hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal J. Binczarski
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.J.B.); (J.M.)
| | - Justyna Malinowska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.J.B.); (J.M.)
| | - Andrei Stanishevsky
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (A.S.); (C.J.S.); (R.Y.)
| | - Courtney J. Severino
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (A.S.); (C.J.S.); (R.Y.)
| | - Riley Yager
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (A.S.); (C.J.S.); (R.Y.)
| | - Malgorzata Cieslak
- ŁUKASIEWICZ Research Network—Textile Institute, Department of Textile Chemical Technologies, 118 Gdanska Street, 90-520 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Izabela A. Witonska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.J.B.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-631-3094
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13
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Sanchis-Sebastiá M, Novy V, Stigsson L, Galbe M, Wallberg O. Towards circular fashion - transforming pulp mills into hubs for textile recycling. RSC Adv 2021; 11:12321-12329. [PMID: 35423748 PMCID: PMC8697195 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00168j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most waste textiles are currently incinerated or landfilled, which is becoming an increasing environmental problem due to the ever-increasing consumption of textiles in the world. New recycling processes are required to address this problem and, although textile-to-textile recycling would be preferable, many researchers have suggested implementing processes based on the depolymerization of the textile fibers. We suggest integrating textile recycling with pulp mills, which would reduce the cost of depolymerizing the textile fibers and, at the same time, would diversify the product portfolio of the pulp mill, transforming the facility into a true biorefinery. This integration would be based on using green liquor as the pretreatment agent in the textile recycling process, as well as energy integration between the two processes. Na2CO3 was used to identify the conditions under which this pretreatment should be performed. Temperature and residence time proved to be critical in the efficacy of the pretreatment, as suitable values were required to ensure partial solubilization of the waste textiles. The conditioning of the pretreated material also had an important effect on the process, as it ensured a suitable environment for the enzymatic depolymerization while maintaining the changes in the material caused by pretreatment. Pretreatment was then performed with industrial green liquor, showing that the efficiency of textile recycling was about 70% when integrated in a pulp mill.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vera Novy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University P. O. Box 124 SE-221 00 Lund Sweden
| | - Lars Stigsson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University P. O. Box 124 SE-221 00 Lund Sweden
| | - Mats Galbe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University P. O. Box 124 SE-221 00 Lund Sweden
| | - Ola Wallberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University P. O. Box 124 SE-221 00 Lund Sweden
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14
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Sanchis-Sebastiá M, Ruuth E, Stigsson L, Galbe M, Wallberg O. Novel sustainable alternatives for the fashion industry: A method of chemically recycling waste textiles via acid hydrolysis. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 121:248-254. [PMID: 33388647 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fashion industry has a considerable environmental impact, especially due to the increased generation of waste textiles as a result of fast fashion business models. Although fiber-to-fiber recycling processes are being developed, such a process is in reality a downcycling process, in which the mechanical properties of the textile fibers are impoverished with each cycle. Thus, new alternatives are required to completely close the fashion loop through chemically recycling textile fibers unfit for other types of recycling or resale due to their poor quality. We have evaluated the possibility of using acid hydrolysis to directly depolymerize the cotton fibers in waste textiles to produce a glucose solution, which could subsequently be used for the production of chemicals or fuels. Although a one-step procedure with sulfuric acid was unable to deliver high glucose production, it was possible to achieve a glucose yield over 90% through a two-step procedure, in which concentrated and dilute sulfuric acid were combined to exploit the benefits of both concentrations. Glucose concentrations around 40 g/L were achieved by increasing the solids loading in the two-step process, which might be sufficiently high for the fermentation of the solution into high-value products. Thus, this study demonstrates that it would be possible to chemically recycle (cellulose-based) waste textiles via acid hydrolysis, which, if correctly designed, could avoid the need to use enzymes to achieve high conversion efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edvin Ruuth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Lars Stigsson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Mats Galbe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Ola Wallberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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15
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Aghmashhadi OY, Rocha-Meneses L, Bonturi N, Orupõld K, Asadpour G, Garmaroody ER, Zabihzadeh M, Kikas T. Effect of Ink and Pretreatment Conditions on Bioethanol and Biomethane Yields from Waste Banknote Paper. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13020239. [PMID: 33445706 PMCID: PMC7828152 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste banknote paper is a residue from the banking industry that cannot be recycled due to the presence of ink, microbial load and special coating that provides protection against humidity. As a result, waste banknote paper ends up being burned or buried, which brings environmental impacts, mainly caused by the presence of heavy metals in its composition. To minimize the environmental impacts that come from the disposal of waste banknote paper, this study proposes to produce value-added products (bioethanol and biogas) from waste banknote paper. For this, the effect of ink and pretreatment conditions on bioethanol and biomethane yields were analyzed. Waste banknote paper provided by the Central Bank of Iran was used. The raw material with ink (WPB) and without ink (WPD) was pretreated using sulfuric acid at different concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and the nitrogen explosive decompression (NED) at different temperatures (150 °C, 170 °C, 190 °C, and 200 °C). The results show that the use of NED pretreatment in WPD resulted in the highest glucose concentration of all studies (13 ± 0.19 g/L). The acid pretreatment for WPB showed a correlation with the acid concentration. The highest ethanol concentration was obtained from the fermentation using WPD pretreated with NED (6.36 ± 0.72 g/L). The maximum methane yields varied between 136 ± 5 mol/kg TS (2% acid WPB) and 294 ± 4 mol/kg TS (3% acid WPD). Our results show that the presence of ink reduces bioethanol and biogas yields and that the chemical-free NED pretreatment is more advantageous for bioethanol and biogas production than the acid pretreatment method. Waste banknote paper without ink is a suitable feedstock for sustainable biorefinery processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Yazdani Aghmashhadi
- Department of Wood and Paper Engineering, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Km 9 Farah Abad Road, Sari 66996-48181, Mazandaran Province, Iran; (G.A.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (O.Y.A.); (L.R.-M.)
| | - Lisandra Rocha-Meneses
- Institute of Technology, Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, 51006 Tartu, Estonia;
- Correspondence: (O.Y.A.); (L.R.-M.)
| | - Nemailla Bonturi
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Kaja Orupõld
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Ghasem Asadpour
- Department of Wood and Paper Engineering, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Km 9 Farah Abad Road, Sari 66996-48181, Mazandaran Province, Iran; (G.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Esmaeil Rasooly Garmaroody
- Department of Bio-refinery Engineering, Faculty of New Technologies Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Zirab P.O. Box 47815-168, Mazandaran, Iran;
| | - Majid Zabihzadeh
- Department of Wood and Paper Engineering, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Km 9 Farah Abad Road, Sari 66996-48181, Mazandaran Province, Iran; (G.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Timo Kikas
- Institute of Technology, Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, 51006 Tartu, Estonia;
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16
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Li C, Ong KL, Cui Z, Sang Z, Li X, Patria RD, Qi Q, Fickers P, Yan J, Lin CSK. Promising advancement in fermentative succinic acid production by yeast hosts. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123414. [PMID: 32763704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As a platform chemical with various applications, succinic acid (SA) is currently produced by petrochemical processing from oil-derived substrates such as maleic acid. In order to replace the environmental unsustainable hydrocarbon economy with a renewable environmentally sound carbohydrate economy, bio-based SA production process has been developed during the past two decades. In this review, recent advances in the valorization of solid organic wastes including mixed food waste, agricultural waste and textile waste for efficient, green and sustainable SA production have been reviewed. Firstly, the application, market and key global players of bio-SA are summarized. Then achievements in SA production by several promising yeasts including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica are detailed, followed by calculation and comparison of SA production costs between oil-based substrates and raw materials. Lastly, challenges in engineered microorganisms and fermentation processes are presented together with perspectives on the development of robust yeast SA producers via genome-scale metabolic optimization and application of low-cost raw materials as fermentation substrates. This review provides valuable insights for identifying useful directions for future bio-SA production improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Khai Lun Ong
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiyong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Zhenyu Sang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China; School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Raffel Dharma Patria
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Patrick Fickers
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech., Av. de la Faculté, 2B, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jianbin Yan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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17
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The Effect of Deinking Process on Bioethanol Production from Waste Banknote Paper. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8121563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the effect of reinking and pretreatment of waste banknote paper on its usability in the bioethanol production process. To this end, the tensile strength of worn banknote paper was first studied at different pH values. The sample with the lowest tensile strength was considered for the next sections. In the deinking process, NaOH at different concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and in combination with ultrasonic treatment was applied. After deinking the pulp, two acidic and alkaline chemical pretreatments with concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% were used independently and in combination with ultrasonic. Enzymatic hydrolysis, following fermentation with Scheffersomyces stipitis, and crystallinity measurements were used to confirm the efficiency of the pretreatments. RSM Design Expert software was used to determine the optimal values by considering the three variables—enzyme loading, ultrasonic loading, and contact time for waste paper deinked (WPD) and waste paper blank (WPB) pulps. The results indicated that repulping was the most efficient at pH = 2. In deinking, the highest brightness was obtained using 3% NaOH in combination with ultrasonic. Between the acid and alkaline pretreatment, the acid treatment was more appropriate according to the resulting sugar concentration and weight loss. XRD tests confirmed that the lowest crystallinity index was obtained in the sample pretreated with 4% sulfuric acid in combination with ultrasonic. The highest sugar concentration in the enzymatic hydrolysis step was 92 g/L for WPD and 81 g/L for WPB. For the fermentation at 96 h, the highest ethanol concentration and process efficiency achieved were 38 g/L and 80.9% for WPD and 31 g/L and 75.04% for WPB, respectively. Our research shows that the deinking process can widen the utilization potential of waste banknote paper in biorefinery processes.
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18
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Yan Z, Lian J, Li M, Meng L, Zhang Y, Ge C, Lu J. Deeper insight into hydrolysis mechanisms of polyester/cotton blended fabrics for separation by explicit solvent models. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:596-605. [PMID: 32194121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aiming to get a deeper and accurate understanding on separation of polyester/cotton blended fabrics in subcritical water, the hydrolysis mechanisms of cellulose and polyester were studied using dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D) method with and without explicit H2O under the conductor-like screening model (COSMO) set. The number and locations of explicit H2O were determined by their likely functions including being dissociation and solvent and catalyst. The calculations disclosed that explicit H2O provide inductive activation on glycosidic bond of cellulose and ester groups at the center of polyester and the assistance on the transfer of proton as proton-carrier and as catalyst of proton shuttle, affecting the reaction and activation energies in a realistic manner. In addition, the number of explicit H2O molecules functioning as catalyst of proton shuttle may also has a strong influence on catalytic activity. Based on the improved explicit solvation models, the overall activation energies of proposed hydrolysis mechanisms for cellulose and polyester are 14.81 and 21.46 kcal/mol respectively, which explains the preferential hydrolysis of cellulose from experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Yan
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jie Lian
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Miaoting Li
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Lingyun Meng
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Yongfang Zhang
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Chao Ge
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
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19
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Tavker N, Gaur UK, Sharma M. Highly Active Agro-Waste-Extracted Cellulose-Supported CuInS 2 Nanocomposite for Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalysis. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11777-11784. [PMID: 31460285 PMCID: PMC6682033 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Agro-waste-extracted cellulose-supported CuInS2 nanocomposites were hydrothermally synthesized with significant photocatalytic activity under the influence of cellulose as a polymeric natural support that offers delay in electron-hole life. Delayed recombination process of electrons and holes was perceived by parting of cellulose as a barrier or edge during photochemical reaction, which overall enhances the lifetime of photocatalyst. The photodegradation efficiency over five consecutive cycles along with scavenging studies have been examined for RhB dye under visible light. The boosted photodegradation rate was observed at an optimum amount of cellulose (200 mg), which is ∼10 times higher than pristine CuInS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Tavker
- School
of Nano Sciences, Central University of
Gujarat, Sector 30, Gandhinagar 382030, India
| | - Umesh Kumar Gaur
- Department
of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab 144011, India
| | - Manu Sharma
- School
of Nano Sciences, Central University of
Gujarat, Sector 30, Gandhinagar 382030, India
- E-mail:
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20
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Shi S, Zhang M, Ling C, Hou W, Yan Z. Extraction and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from waste cotton fabrics via hydrothermal method. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 82:139-146. [PMID: 30509575 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A large amount of accumulated waste cotton fabrics (WCFs) have caused environmental problem and depletion of resources. The extraction of microcrystalline cellulose as value-added products is one of the effective ways to the recycling of WCFs. This study aimed to extract microcrystalline cellulose from WCFs by the hydrothermal method and compare the extracted microcrystalline cellulose (EMC) with Avicel PH101 microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The EMC was extracted under hydrothermal conditions (solid-liquid ratio 1:30, HCl concentration 0.6 mol/L, 150 °C, 100 min), with a yield and the degree of polymerization of 85.54% and 228, respectively. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis and contact angle testing. The detailed analyses showed that the properties of EMC prepared from WCFs are similar to those of commercial MCC. The results indicated that WCFs is a critical and potential low-cost raw material to prepare MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Shi
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China.
| | - Chen Ling
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
| | - Wensheng Hou
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
| | - Zhifeng Yan
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
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21
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Ma X, Wang X, Yin X, Kan X, Wang Z. Electrochemical stripping of cotton fabrics dyed with Reactive Black 5 in water and wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 206:17-25. [PMID: 29723748 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cotton fabrics dyed with Reactive Black 5 (RB5) was electrochemically stripped using Ti/TiO2-RuO2-IrO2 anode in water, pyridine and phenol solution. The results showed that RB5 dye could be easily stripped from the surface of cotton fabrics through the cleavage of chromophoric group (NN) under the attack of hydroxyl radicals (OH) and active chlorines generated in situ. Efficient stripping performance could be obtained in water and pyridine solution, whilst the stripping percent was not obviously affected by pyridine concentration and layers of dyed cotton fabrics. Whereas, phenol existing in water slowed the stripping rate due to the competition between the stripping of RB5 dye and the degradation of phenol. In the case of multi-layer dyed cotton fabrics, the stripping performance of the inner layer is superior to that of the outer layer owing to that the cotton fabrics hinder the diffusion of active chlorines and OH. The FTIR analysis of stripped cotton fabrics showed that the effect of electrochemical process and the existence of pollutant in water on the stripped cotton fabrics could be negligible. Electrochemical oxidation could also successfully strip various dyes from waste cotton fabrics in the investigated stripping solutions. Therefore, electrochemical oxidation provides an environmentally friendly alternative for color stripping of dyed cotton fabrics. The removal of dye from cotton fabrics and the degradation of pollutant in water could occur simultaneously, implying that wastewater containing chloride ions may replace the fresh water as stripping solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjuan Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaolin Yin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiangru Kan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zeyuan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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22
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Ou J, Xu N, Ernst P, Ma C, Bush M, Goh K, Zhao J, Zhou L, Yang ST, Liu X(M. Process engineering of cellulosic n-butanol production from corn-based biomass using Clostridium cellulovorans. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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23
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Costa AFS, Almeida FCG, Vinhas GM, Sarubbo LA. Production of Bacterial Cellulose by Gluconacetobacter hansenii Using Corn Steep Liquor As Nutrient Sources. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2027. [PMID: 29089941 PMCID: PMC5651021 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is mainly produced by plants, although many bacteria, especially those belonging to the genus Gluconacetobacter, produce a very peculiar form of cellulose with mechanical and structural properties that can be exploited in numerous applications. However, the production cost of bacterial cellulose (BC) is very high to the use of expensive culture media, poor yields, downstream processing, and operating costs. Thus, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the use of industrial residues as nutrients for the production of BC by Gluconacetobacter hansenii UCP1619. BC pellicles were synthesized using the Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium and alternative media formulated with different carbon (sugarcane molasses and acetylated glucose) and nitrogen sources [yeast extract, peptone, and corn steep liquor (CSL)]. A jeans laundry was also tested. None of the tested sources (beside CSL) worked as carbon and nutrient substitute. The alternative medium formulated with 1.5% glucose and 2.5% CSL led to the highest yield in terms of dry and hydrated mass. The BC mass produced in the alternative culture medium corresponded to 73% of that achieved with the HS culture medium. The BC pellicles demonstrated a high concentration of microfibrils and nanofibrils forming a homogenous, compact, and three-dimensional structure. The biopolymer produced in the alternative medium had greater thermal stability, as degradation began at 240°C, while degradation of the biopolymer produced in the HS medium began at 195°C. Both biopolymers exhibited high crystallinity. The mechanical tensile test revealed the maximum breaking strength and the elongation of the break of hydrated and dry pellicles. The dry BC film supported up to 48 MPa of the breaking strength and exhibited greater than 96.98% stiffness in comparison with the hydrated film. The dry film supported up to 48 MPa of the breaking strength and exhibited greater than 96.98% stiffness in comparison with the hydrated film. The values obtained for the Young's modulus in the mechanical tests in the hydrated samples indicated low values for the variable rigidity. The presence of water in the interior and between the nanofibers of the hydrated BC only favored the results for the elasticity, which was 56.37% higher when compared to the dry biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea F S Costa
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Design and Communication Center, Academic Region Agreste Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brazil
| | - Fabíola C G Almeida
- Center of Sciences and Technology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Glória M Vinhas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technology and Geosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Leonie A Sarubbo
- Center of Sciences and Technology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation, Recife, Brazil
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24
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Pensupa N, Leu SY, Hu Y, Du C, Liu H, Jing H, Wang H, Lin CSK. Recent Trends in Sustainable Textile Waste Recycling Methods: Current Situation and Future Prospects. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:76. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Nikolić S, Lazić V, Veljović Đ, Mojović L. Production of bioethanol from pre-treated cotton fabrics and waste cotton materials. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 164:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Li C, Huang F, Wang J, Liang X, Huang S, Gu J. Effects of partial replacement of carbon black with nanocrystalline cellulose on properties of natural rubber nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2016-0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Waste cotton materials were used as source materials to prepare waste cotton nanocrystalline cellulose (WCNC) by optimized acid hydrolysis. The final hydrolysis products had an approximately 30 nm diameter, lengths mainly ranging from 400 nm to 800 nm, and a typical cellulose I crystal structure with a high degree of crystallinity. WCNC was further investigated to partially replace carbon black (CB) in natural rubber (NR) composites via coagulation. NR/CB/WCNC and NR/CB composites were prepared. Through comparisons of the morphology, mechanical properties, dynamic compression fatigue performance, thermal stability and soil biodegradation behaviour of the NR/CB/WCNC and NR/CB composites, WCNC was proven to perform efficiently. WCNC could increase tensile and tear strength as well as reduce heat build-up, and it presented slightly lower thermal stability and superior biodegradability. Moreover, a fine WCNC dispersion was achieved in NR/CB/WCNC. The observed reinforcement effects were evaluated based on the results of rubber processing analysis (RPA), thermogravimetric and scanning electron microscopic analyses of NR/CB/WCNC compared with the NR/CB composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixin Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, 510640 , China
| | - Fei Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, 510640 , China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, 510640 , China
| | - Xiaorong Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, 510640 , China
| | - Shiwen Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, 510640 , China
| | - Ju Gu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, 510640 , China
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Akbas MY, Stark BC. Recent trends in bioethanol production from food processing byproducts. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 43:1593-1609. [PMID: 27565674 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1821-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of corn starch and sugarcane as sources of sugar for the production of ethanol via fermentation may negatively impact the use of farmland for production of food. Thus, alternative sources of fermentable sugars, particularly from lignocellulosic sources, have been extensively investigated. Another source of fermentable sugars with substantial potential for ethanol production is the waste from the food growing and processing industry. Reviewed here is the use of waste from potato processing, molasses from processing of sugar beets into sugar, whey from cheese production, byproducts of rice and coffee bean processing, and other food processing wastes as sugar sources for fermentation to ethanol. Specific topics discussed include the organisms used for fermentation, strategies, such as co-culturing and cell immobilization, used to improve the fermentation process, and the use of genetic engineering to improve the performance of ethanol producing fermenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Yesilcimen Akbas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey. .,Institute of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey.
| | - Benjamin C Stark
- Biology Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
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He YC, Liu F, Gong L, Zhu ZZ, Ding Y, Wang C, Xue YF, Rui H, Tao ZC, Zhang DP, Ma CL. Significantly improving enzymatic saccharification of high crystallinity index's corn stover by combining ionic liquid [Bmim]Cl-HCl-water media with dilute NaOH pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 189:421-425. [PMID: 25921785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a pretreatment by combining acidified aqueous ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (IL [Bmim]Cl) solution with dilute NaOH extraction was employed to pretreat high crystallinity index (CrI) of corn stover before its enzymatic saccharification. After NaOH extraction, [Bmim]Cl-HCl-water (78.8:1.2:20, w/w/w) media was used for further pretreatment at 130 °C for 30 min. After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, corn stover pretreated could be biotransformed into reducing sugars in the yield of 95.1%. Furthermore, SEM, XRD and FTIR analyses of untreated and pretreated corn stovers were examined. It was found that the intact structure was disrupted by combination pretreatment and resulted in a porous and amorphous regenerated cellulosic material that greatly improved enzymatic hydrolysis. Finally, the recovered hydrolyzates obtained from the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated corn stovers could be fermented into ethanol efficiently. In conclusion, the combination pretreatment shows high potential application in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cai He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Zhong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yu-Feng Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Huan Rui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dan-Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Cui-Luan Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
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Plácido J, Capareda S. Analysis of alkali ultrasonication pretreatment in bioethanol production from cotton gin trash using FT-IR spectroscopy and principal component analysis. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2014. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-014-0023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cotton gin trash (CGT) is a lignocellulosic residue that can be used in the production of cellulosic ethanol. In a previous research, the sequential use of ultrasonication, liquid hot water, and ligninolytic enzymes was selected as pretreatment for the production of ethanol from CGT. However, an increment in the ethanol production is necessary. To accomplish that, this research evaluated the effect of pretreating CGT using alkaline ultrasonication before a liquid hot water and ligninolytic enzymes pretreatments for ethanol production. Three NaOH concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%) were employed for the alkaline ultrasonication. Additionally, this work is one of the first applications of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum and principal component analysis (PCA) as fast methodology to identify the differences in the biomass after different types of pretreatments.
Results
The three concentrations employed for the alkaline ultrasonication pretreatment produced ethanol yields and cellulose conversions higher than the experiment without NaOH. Furthermore, 15% NaOH concentration achieved twofold increment yield versus the treatment without NaOH. The FT-IR spectrum confirmed modifications in the CGT structure in the different pretreatments. PCA was helpful to determine differences between the pretreated and un-pretreated biomass and to evaluate how the CGT structure changed after each treatment.
Conclusions
The combination of alkali ultrasonication hydrolysis, liquid hot water, and ligninolytic enzymes using 15% of NaOH improved 35% the ethanol yield compared with the original treatment. Additionally, we demonstrated the use of PCA to identify the modifications in the biomass structure after different types of pretreatments and conditions.
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Fattahi Meyabadi T, Dadashian F, Mir Mohamad Sadeghi G, Ebrahimi Zanjani Asl H. Spherical cellulose nanoparticles preparation from waste cotton using a green method. POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Alkaline Pretreatment Improves Saccharification and Ethanol Yield from Waste Money Bills. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:1397-402. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Li X, Li Y, Mou H, Gao Y, Hwang H, Wang P. THE OPTIMIZATION OF SACCHARIFICATION OF DESULFURATED RED SEAWEED-DERIVED POLYSACCHARIDES AND ANALYSIS OF THEIR COMPOSITION. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 44:40-55. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2013.791628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sun X, Lu C, Liu Y, Zhang W, Zhang X. Melt-processed poly(vinyl alcohol) composites filled with microcrystalline cellulose from waste cotton fabrics. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 101:642-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sun X, Lu C, Zhang W, Tian D, Zhang X. Acetone-soluble cellulose acetate extracted from waste blended fabrics via ionic liquid catalyzed acetylation. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 98:405-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Lu J, Li X, Yang R, Yang L, Zhao J, Liu Y, Qu Y. Fed-batch semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of reed pretreated with liquid hot water for bio-ethanol production using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 144:539-47. [PMID: 23890974 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Reed was pretreated with liquid hot water (LHW) and then subjected to fed-batch semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (S-SSF) to obtain high ethanol concentration and yield. Results show that water-insoluble solid (WIS) produced from reed pretreated at 180 and 210°C could be effectively converted to ethanol by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The optimum conditions for bio-ethanol production are as follows: fermentation temperature of 36°C, pH of 4.8 with cellulase loading of 40 filter paper activity units/g oven-dried WIS, and 18 h pre-hydrolysis at 50°C. Approximately 6.4% (w/v) fed-batch substrate was added after 6 h of the 18 h enzymatic pre-hydrolysis. The highest ethanol concentration of 39.4 g/L was achieved. The conversion of glucan in the WIS to ethanol reached 79.1% (180°C) and 75.1% (210°C) respectively. The ethanol yields per kg of oven-dried reed were 283 g/L at 180°C and 244 g/L at 210°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lu
- Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Panagiotopoulos IA, Pasias S, Bakker RR, de Vrije T, Papayannakos N, Claassen PAM, Koukios EG. Biodiesel and biohydrogen production from cotton-seed cake in a biorefinery concept. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 136:78-86. [PMID: 23562773 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Biodiesel production from cotton-seed cake (CSC) and the pretreatment of the remaining biomass for dark fermentative hydrogen production was investigated. The direct conversion to biodiesel with alkali free fatty acids neutralization pretreatment and alkali transesterification resulted in a biodiesel with high esters content and physicochemical properties fulfilling the EN-standards. Blends of cotton-seed oil methyl esters (CME) and diesel showed an improvement in lubricity and cetane number. Moreover, CME showed good compatibility with commercial biodiesel additives. On the basis of conversion of the remaining CSC to sugars fermentable towards hydrogen, the optimal conditions included removal of the oil of CSC and pretreatment at 10% NaOH (w/w dry matter). The extreme thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus showed good hydrogen production, 84-112% of the control, from NaOH-pretreated CSC and low hydrogen production, 15-20% of the control, from the oil-rich and not chemically pretreated CSC, and from Ca(OH)2-pretreated CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Panagiotopoulos
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens GR-15700, Greece.
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37
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Sheikh MMI, Kim CH, Park HJ, Kim SH, Kim GC, Lee JY, Sim SW, Kim JW. Influence of torrefaction pretreatment for ethanol fermentation from waste money bills. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2013; 60:203-9. [PMID: 23600574 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Waste money bills (WMB) that are no longer legal tender are nonrecyclable and are generally useless. In this work, we used this cellulose-rich material for ethanol fermentation for the first time. Torrefaction of this nonlignocellulosic waste material was attempted to examine whether such material could benefit from this process as a conventional lignocellulosic material does. Effects of two important parameters, that is, residence times (20, 40, and 60 Min) and temperatures (140, 160, 180, 200, and 220°C), on the torrefaction yield were studied under an inert atmosphere. Glucose and ethanol yields were compared using a factorial experimental design. The highest glucose yield (81.59 mg/mL) was obtained with a torrefaction treatment consisting of 40 min at 180 °C, and it was increased 44.89% compared to untreated WMB. Based on ethanol feasibility studies conducted on WMB, this estimated quantity of glucose could be produced for subsequent fermentation to ethanol (38.92 mg/mL) and it was increased 47.92% compared to the untreated sample. The fermentation rate was also enhanced by adding 0.4 mM benzoic acid under anaerobic conditions. It is concluded that production of ethanol from WMB would reduce waste management costs and thus would be profitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominul Islam Sheikh
- Department of Environmental Forest Products, IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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38
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39
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Shen F, Xiao W, Lin L, Yang G, Zhang Y, Deng S. Enzymatic saccharification coupling with polyester recovery from cotton-based waste textiles by phosphoric acid pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 130:248-255. [PMID: 23313669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Revised: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to recycle the cotton-based waste textiles, a novel process was designed for pretreating waste textiles with phosphoric acid to recover polyester and fermentable sugar. The effects of pretreatment conditions including, phosphoric acid concentration, pretreatment temperature, time, and ratio of textiles and phosphoric acid were thoroughly investigated. Results indicated the mentioned four factors had significant influences on sugar and polyester recovery. Almost complete polyester recovery was achieved by enhancing phosphoric acid concentration, temperature and pretreatment time or reducing the ratio of textiles and phosphoric acid. However, these behaviors decreased the sugar recovery seriously. 100% polyester recovery with a maximum sugar recovery of 79.2% was achieved at the optimized conditions (85% phosphoric acid, 50°C, 7h, and the ratio of 1:15). According to the technical and cost-benefit analysis, it was technically feasible and potentially profitable to recover polyester and sugar from waste textiles by phosphoric acid pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Shen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Resource and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University-Chengdu Campus, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.
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Enhanced bio-ethanol production from cellulosic materials by semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using high temperature resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae TJ14. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 115:20-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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41
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Tye YY, Lee KT, Wan Abdullah WN, Leh CP. Potential of Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. (kapok fiber) as a resource for second generation bioethanol: effect of various simple pretreatment methods on sugar production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 116:536-539. [PMID: 22595099 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The importance of bioethanol currently has increased tremendously as it can reduce the total dependency on fossil-fuels, especially gasoline, in the transportation sector. In this study, Ceiba pentandra (kapok fiber) was introduced as a new resource for bioethanol production. The results of chemical composition analysis showed that the cellulose (alpha- and beta-) contents were 50.7%. The glucose composition of the fiber was 59.8%. The high glucose content indicated that kapok fiber is a potential substrate for bioethanol production. However, without a pretreatment, the kapok fiber only yielded 0.8% of reducing sugar by enzymatic hydrolysis. Thus, it is necessary to pre-treat the kapok fiber prior to hydrolysis. Taking into account environmentally friendliness, only simple pretreatments with minimum chemical or energy consumption was considered. It was interesting to see that by adopting merely water, acid and alkaline pretreatments, the yield of reducing sugar was increased to 39.1%, 85.2% and >100%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Tye
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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42
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Bazooyar F, Momany FA, Bolton K. Validating empirical force fields for molecular-level simulation of cellulose dissolution. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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43
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Talebnia F, Taherzadeh MJ. Utilization of carbohydrates content of paper tube residuals for ethanol production. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hong F, Guo X, Zhang S, Han SF, Yang G, Jönsson LJ. Bacterial cellulose production from cotton-based waste textiles: enzymatic saccharification enhanced by ionic liquid pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 104:503-8. [PMID: 22154745 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cotton-based waste textiles were explored as alternative feedstock for production of bacterial cellulose (BC) by Gluconacetobacter xylinus. The cellulosic fabrics were treated with the ionic liquid (IL) 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM]Cl). [AMIM]Cl caused 25% inactivation of cellulase activity at a concentration as low as of 0.02 g/mL and decreased BC production during fermentation when present in concentrations higher than 0.0005 g/mL. Therefore, removal of residual IL by washing with hot water was highly beneficial to enzymatic saccharification as well as BC production. IL-treated fabrics exhibited a 5-7-fold higher enzymatic hydrolysis rate and gave a seven times larger yield of fermentable sugars than untreated fabrics. BC from cotton cloth hydrolysate was obtained at an yield of 10.8 g/L which was 83% higher than that from the culture grown on glucose-based medium. The BC from G. xylinus grown on IL-treated fabric hydrolysate had a 79% higher tensile strength than BC from glucose-based culture medium which suggests that waste cotton pretreated with [AMIM]Cl has potential to serve as a high-quality carbon source for BC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hong
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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45
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Sangkharak K. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis for ethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of wastepaper. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2011; 29:1134-1144. [PMID: 21242181 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x10387656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the development of high sugar production by optimization of an enzymatic hydrolysis process using both conventional and statistical methods, as well as the production of ethanol by the selected wastepaper source. Among four sources of pretreated wastepaper including office paper, newspaper, handbills and cardboard, office paper gave the highest values of cellulose (87.12%) and holocelluloses (89.07%). The effects of the amount of wastepaper, the pretreatment method and the type of enzyme on reducing sugar production from office paper were studied using conventional methods. The highest reducing sugar production (1851.28 µg L(-1); 37.03% conversion of glucose) was obtained from the optimal condition containing 40 mg of office paper, pretreated with stream explosion and hydrolysed with the combination of cellulase from Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride at the fixed loading rate of 20 FPU g(-1) sample. The effects of interaction of wastepaper amount and enzyme concentration as well as incubation time were studied by a statistical method using central composite design. The optimal medium composition consisted of 43.97 µg L(-1), 28.14 FPU g(-1) sample and 53.73 h of wastepaper, enzyme concentration and incubation time, respectively, and gave the highest amount of sugar production (2184.22 µg L(-1)) and percentage conversion of glucose (43.68%). The ethanol production from pretreated office paper using Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process was 21.02 g L(-1) after 36 h of cultivation, corresponding to an ethanol volumetric production rate of 0.58 g ethanol L(-1) h(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokphorn Sangkharak
- Plant Biochemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Thaksin University, Phattalung, Thailand.
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46
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Kim JH, Lee JC, Pak D. Feasibility of producing ethanol from food waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2011; 31:2121-5. [PMID: 21596551 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Food waste generated in Korea is rich in carbohydrate as high as 65% of total solids. Using the food waste, the feasibility of ethanol production was investigated in a lab-scale fermentor. Pretreatment with hydrolyzing enzymes including carbohydrase, glucoamylase, cellulase and protease were tested for hydrolysis of food waste. The carbohydrase was able to hydrolyze and produce glucose with a glucose yield of 0.63 g glucose/g total solid. Enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation by using carbohydrase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were conducted in the batch mode. For separated hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), ethanol concentration reached at the level corresponding to an ethanol yield of 0.43 g ethanol/g total solids. For simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), the ethanol yield was 0.31 g ethanol/g total solids. During the continuous operation of SHF, the volumetric ethanol production rate was 1.18 g/lh with an ethanol yield of 0.3g ethanol/g total solids. For SSF process, the volumetric ethanol production rate was 0.8 g/lh with an ethanol yield of 0.2g ethanol/g total solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Kim
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 172 Gongneung-2 Dong, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-743, South Korea
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Shafiei M, Karimi K, Taherzadeh MJ. Techno-economical study of ethanol and biogas from spruce wood by NMMO-pretreatment and rapid fermentation and digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:7879-86. [PMID: 21684155 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Given that N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) is a promising alternative for the pretreatment of lignocelluloses, a novel process for ethanol and biogas production from wood was developed. The solvent, NMMO, is concentrated by multistage evaporation, and the wood is pretreated with the concentrated NMMO. Thereafter, ethanol is produced by the non-isothermal simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (NSSF) method, which is a rapid and efficient process. The wastewater is treated by upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) digester for rapid production of biogas. The process was simulated by Aspen plus®. Using mechanical vapor recompression for evaporators in the pretreatment and multi-pressure distillation columns, the energy requirements for the process were minimized. The economical feasibility of the developed biorefinery for five different plant capacities was studied by Aspen Icarus Process Evaluator. The base case was designed to utilize 200,000 tons of spruce wood per year and required M€ 58.3 as the total capital investment, while the production cost of ethanol is calculated to be €/l 0.44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Shafiei
- School of Engineering, University of Borås, SE-501 90 Borås, Sweden
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Jeihanipour A, Karimi K, Niklasson C, Taherzadeh MJ. A novel process for ethanol or biogas production from cellulose in blended-fibers waste textiles. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2010; 30:2504-2509. [PMID: 20692142 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel process has been developed for separation of the cellulose, i.e. cotton and viscose, from blended-fibers waste textiles. An environmentally friendly cellulose solvent, N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) was used in this process for separation and pretreatment of the cellulose. This solvent was mixed with blended-fibers textiles at 120 °C and atmospheric pressure to dissolve the cellulose and separate it from the undissolved non-cellulosic fibers. Water was then added to the solution in order to precipitate the cellulose, while both water and NMMO were reused after separation by evaporation. The cellulose was then either hydrolyzed by cellulase enzymes followed by fermentation to ethanol, or digested directly to produce biogas. The process was verified by testing 50/50 polyester/cotton and 40/60 polyester/viscose-blended textiles. The polyesters were purified as fibers after the NMMO treatments, and up to 95% of the cellulose fibers were regenerated and collected on a filter. A 2-day enzymatic hydrolysis and 1-day fermentation of the regenerated cotton and viscose resulted in 48 and 50 g ethanol/g regenerated cellulose, which were 85% and 89% of the theoretical yields, respectively. This process also resulted in a significant increase of the biogas production rate. While untreated cotton and viscose fibers were converted to methane by respectively, 0.02% and 1.91% of their theoretical yields in 3 days of digestion, the identical NMMO-treated fibers resulted into about 30% of yield at the same period of time.
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Jeihanipour A, Karimi K, Taherzadeh MJ. Enhancement of ethanol and biogas production from high-crystalline cellulose by different modes of NMO pretreatment. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 105:469-76. [PMID: 19806660 DOI: 10.1002/bit.22558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pretreatment of high-crystalline cellulose with N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMO or NMMO) to improve bioethanol and biogas production was investigated. The pretreatments were performed at 90 and 120 degrees C for 0.5-15 h in three different modes, including dissolution (85% NMO), ballooning (79% NMO), and swelling (73% NMO). The pretreated materials were then enzymatically hydrolyzed and fermented to ethanol or anaerobically digested to biogas (methane). The pretreatment at 85% NMO, 120 degrees C and 2.5 h resulted in 100% yield in the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and around 150% improvement in the yield of ethanol compared to the untreated and water-treated material. However, the best results of biogas production were obtained when the cellulose was treated with swelling and ballooning mode, which gave almost complete digestion in 15 days. Thus, the pretreatment resulted in 460 g ethanol or 415 L methane from each kg of cellulose. Analysis of the structure of treated and untreated celluloses showed that the dissolution mode can efficiently convert the crystalline cellulose I to cellulose II. However, it decreases the water swelling capacity of the cellulose. On the other hand, swelling and ballooning modes in NMO treatment were less efficient in both water swelling capacity and cellulose crystallinity. No cellulose loss, ambient pressure, relatively moderate conditions, and high efficiency make the NMO a good alternative for pretreatment of high-crystalline cellulosic materials.
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Li H, Kim NJ, Jiang M, Kang JW, Chang HN. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulosic residues pretreated with phosphoric acid-acetone for bioethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:3245-51. [PMID: 19289273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Bermudagrass, reed and rapeseed were pretreated with phosphoric acid-acetone and used for ethanol production by means of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with a batch and fed-batch mode. When the batch SSF experiments were conducted in a 3% low effective cellulose, about 16 g/L of ethanol were obtained after 96 h of fermentation. When batch SSF experiments were conducted with a higher cellulose content (10% effective cellulose for reed and bermudagrass and 5% for rapeseed), higher ethanol concentrations and yields (of more than 93%) were obtained. The fed-batch SSF strategy was adopted to increase the ethanol concentration further. When a higher water-insoluble solid (up to 36%) was applied, the ethanol concentration reached 56 g/L of an inhibitory concentration of the yeast strain used in this study at 38 degrees C. The results show that the pretreated materials can be used as good feedstocks for bioethanol production, and that the phosphoric acid-acetone pretreatment can effectively yield a higher ethanol concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Biochemical Engineering Lab, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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