1
|
Lei Y, Wang X, Sun S, He B, Sun W, Wang K, Chen Z, Guo Z, Li Z. A review of lipid accumulation by oleaginous yeasts: Culture mode. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170385. [PMID: 38364585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Microbial lipids have attracted considerable interest owing to their favorable environmental sustainability benefits. In laboratory-scale studies, the factors impacting lipid production in oleaginous yeasts, including culture conditions, nutrients, and low-cost substrates, have been extensively studied. However, there were several different modes of microbial lipid cultivation (batch culture, fed-batch culture, continuous culture, and other novel culture modes), making it difficult to comprehensively analyze impacting factors under different cultivation modes on a laboratory scale. And only few cases of microbial lipid production have been conducted at the pilot scale, which requires more technological reliability assessments and environmental benefit evaluations. Thus, this study summarized the different culture modes and cases of scale-up processes, highlighting the role of the nutrient element ratio in regulating culture mode selection and lipid accumulation. The cost distribution and environmental benefits of microbial lipid production by oleaginous yeasts were also investigated. Our results suggested that the continuous culture mode was recommended for the scale-up process because of its stable lipid accumulation. More importantly, exploring the continuous culture mode integrated with other efficient culture modes remained to be further investigated. In research on scale-up processes, low-cost substrate (organic waste) application and optimization of reactor operational parameters were key to increasing environmental benefits and reducing costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Lei
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Shushuang Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Bingyang He
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wenjin Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Kexin Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhengxian Chen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhiling Guo
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Zifu Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No.30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gallego-García M, Susmozas A, Negro MJ, Moreno AD. Challenges and prospects of yeast-based microbial oil production within a biorefinery concept. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:246. [PMID: 38053171 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodiesel, unlike to its fossil-based homologue (diesel), is renewable. Its use contributes to greater sustainability in the energy sector, mainly by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Current biodiesel production relies on plant- and animal-related feedstocks, resulting in high final costs to the prices of those raw materials. In addition, the production of those materials competes for arable land and has provoked a heated debate involving their use food vs. fuel. As an alternative, single-cell oils (SCOs) obtained from oleaginous microorganisms are attractive sources as a biofuel precursor due to their high lipid content, and composition similar to vegetable oils and animal fats. To make SCOs competitive from an economic point of view, the use of readily available low-cost substrates becomes essential. This work reviews the most recent advances in microbial oil production from non-synthetic sugar-rich media, particularly sugars from lignocellulosic wastes, highlighting the main challenges and prospects for deploying this technology fully in the framework of a Biorefinery concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Gallego-García
- Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, Research Center for Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense 40, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Alcalá de Henares, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Ana Susmozas
- Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, Research Center for Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense 40, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - María José Negro
- Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, Research Center for Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense 40, Madrid, 28040, Spain.
| | - Antonio D Moreno
- Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, Research Center for Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense 40, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumar Dh L, Choudhury B. Monomethyl branched-chain fatty acids enriched bacterial oil production by furan aldehydes tolerant halophile Lentibacillus salarius strain BPIITR using non-detoxified sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 374:128787. [PMID: 36822558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The structural diversity of monomethyl branched-chain fatty acids (mBCFAs) expanded their application in biolubricants, biofuels for enhancing cold flow and thermo-oxidative properties. Current study focuses on mBCFAs production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate in biorefinery approach with halophilic Lentibacillus salarius BPIITR. Halophilic bacterium exhibited tolerance towards furan aldehydes up to 150 mM in minimal medium and produced 3.40 ± 0.13 and 2.47 ± 0.15 gL-1 lipid rich in mBCFAs, in xylose and glucose rich non-detoxified hydrolysate, respectively at bench-scale bioreactor. In addition, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 2-furancarboxylic acids were co-produced as value-added products up to 41.34 ± 4.73 and 59.84 ± 5.17 mM, respectively. The biosynthesized bacterial oil exhibited onset oxidation temperature of 319.5 °C and low temperature viscosity ratio of 2.92. The accumulated lipid was rich in triacylglycerol content more than 67 % with 12-methyl tetradecanoic acid as major fatty acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lohith Kumar Dh
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian, Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Haridwar, India
| | - Bijan Choudhury
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian, Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Haridwar, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mussagy CU, Ribeiro HF, Santos-Ebinuma VC, Schuur B, Pereira JFB. Rhodotorula sp.-based biorefinery: a source of valuable biomolecules. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:7431-7447. [PMID: 36255447 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The development of an effective, realistic, and sustainable microbial biorefinery depends on several factors, including as one of the key aspects an adequate selection of microbial strain. The oleaginous red yeast Rhodotorula sp. has been studied as one powerful source for a plethora of high added-value biomolecules, such as carotenoids, lipids, and enzymes. Although known for over a century, the use of Rhodotorula sp. as resource for valuable products has not yet commercialized. Current interests for Rhodotorula sp. yeast have sparked from its high nutritional versatility and ability to convert agro-food residues into added-value biomolecules, two attractive characteristics for designing new biorefineries. In addition, as for other yeast-based bioprocesses, the overall process sustainability can be maximized by a proper integration with subsequent downstream processing stages, for example, by using eco-friendly solvents for the recovery of intracellular products from yeast biomass. This review intends to reflect on the current state of the art of microbial bioprocesses using Rhodotorula species. Therefore, we will provide an analysis of bioproduction performance with some insights regarding downstream separation steps for the extraction of high added-value biomolecules (specifically using efficient and sustainable platforms), providing information regarding the potential applications of biomolecules produced by Rhodotorula sp, as well as detailing the strengths and limitations of yeast-based biorefinery approaches. Novel genetic engineering technologies are further discussed, indicating some directions on their possible use for maximizing the potential of Rhodotorula sp. as cell factories. KEY POINTS: • Rhodotorula sp. are valuable source of high value-added compounds. • Potential of employing Rhodotorula sp. in a multiple product biorefinery. • Future perspectives in the biorefining of Rhodotorula sp. were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cassamo U Mussagy
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2260000, Quillota, Chile.
| | - Helena F Ribeiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CIEPQPF, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II - Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Valeria C Santos-Ebinuma
- Department of Engineering of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Boelo Schuur
- Sustainable Process Technology Group, Process and Catalysis Engineering Cluster, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500, Enschede, AE, Netherlands
| | - Jorge F B Pereira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CIEPQPF, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II - Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Optimization of agro-industrial coproducts (molasses and cassava wastewater) for the simultaneous production of lipids and carotenoids by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
6
|
Mota MN, Múgica P, Sá-Correia I. Exploring Yeast Diversity to Produce Lipid-Based Biofuels from Agro-Forestry and Industrial Organic Residues. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070687. [PMID: 35887443 PMCID: PMC9315891 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploration of yeast diversity for the sustainable production of biofuels, in particular biodiesel, is gaining momentum in recent years. However, sustainable, and economically viable bioprocesses require yeast strains exhibiting: (i) high tolerance to multiple bioprocess-related stresses, including the various chemical inhibitors present in hydrolysates from lignocellulosic biomass and residues; (ii) the ability to efficiently consume all the major carbon sources present; (iii) the capacity to produce lipids with adequate composition in high yields. More than 160 non-conventional (non-Saccharomyces) yeast species are described as oleaginous, but only a smaller group are relatively well characterised, including Lipomyces starkeyi, Yarrowia lipolytica, Rhodotorula toruloides, Rhodotorula glutinis, Cutaneotrichosporonoleaginosus and Cutaneotrichosporon cutaneum. This article provides an overview of lipid production by oleaginous yeasts focusing on yeast diversity, metabolism, and other microbiological issues related to the toxicity and tolerance to multiple challenging stresses limiting bioprocess performance. This is essential knowledge to better understand and guide the rational improvement of yeast performance either by genetic manipulation or by exploring yeast physiology and optimal process conditions. Examples gathered from the literature showing the potential of different oleaginous yeasts/process conditions to produce oils for biodiesel from agro-forestry and industrial organic residues are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta N. Mota
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Múgica
- BIOREF—Collaborative Laboratory for Biorefineries, Rua da Amieira, Apartado 1089, São Mamede de Infesta, 4465-901 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sá-Correia
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sundaramahalingam MA, Sivashanmugam P, Rajeshbanu J, Ashokkumar M. A review on contemporary approaches in enhancing the innate lipid content of yeast cell. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133616. [PMID: 35033523 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
For the past few decades, industrialization has made a huge environmental hazard to the world with its waste. The approach of waste to wealth in the recent era has made many Eco-economical suggestions for the industries. The valuable products in biorefinery aspects of the eco-economical suggestions include; energy products, high-value drugs and novel materials. Bio-lipids are found to be the major influencing eco-economical products in the process. Production of bio-lipid from microbial sources has paved the way for future research on lipid-bioproducts. The yeast cell is a unique organism with a large unicellular structure capable of accumulating a high amount of lipids. It constitutes 90% of neutral lipids. Various strategies enhance the lipid profile of yeast cells: usage of oleaginous yeast, usage of low cost (or) alternative substrates, developing stress conditions in the growth medium, using genetically modified yeast, altering metabolic pathways of yeast and by using the symbiotic cultures of yeast with other microbes. The metabolic alterations of lipid pathways such as lipid biosynthesis, lipid elongation, lipid accumulation and lipid degradation have been a striking feature of research in lipid-based microbial work. The lipid-bioproducts have also made a strong footprint in the history of alternative energy products. It includes partial acyl glycerol, oleochemicals, phospholipids and biofuels. This report comprises the recent approaches carried out in the yeast cell for enhancing its lipid content. The limitations, challenges and future scope of individual strategies were also highlighted in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Sundaramahalingam
- Chemical and Biochemical Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Sivashanmugam
- Chemical and Biochemical Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - J Rajeshbanu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Non-detoxified acid hydrolysate of de-oiled Pongamia seed cake as a low-cost solution to microbial oil synthesis. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
9
|
Abeln F, Chuck CJ. The history, state of the art and future prospects for oleaginous yeast research. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:221. [PMID: 34876155 PMCID: PMC8650507 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01712-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid-based biofuels, such as biodiesel and hydroprocessed esters, are a central part of the global initiative to reduce the environmental impact of the transport sector. The vast majority of production is currently from first-generation feedstocks, such as rapeseed oil, and waste cooking oils. However, the increased exploitation of soybean oil and palm oil has led to vast deforestation, smog emissions and heavily impacted on biodiversity in tropical regions. One promising alternative, potentially capable of meeting future demand sustainably, are oleaginous yeasts. Despite being known about for 143 years, there has been an increasing effort in the last decade to develop a viable industrial system, with currently around 100 research papers published annually. In the academic literature, approximately 160 native yeasts have been reported to produce over 20% of their dry weight in a glyceride-rich oil. The most intensively studied oleaginous yeast have been Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus (20% of publications), Rhodotorula toruloides (19%) and Yarrowia lipolytica (19%). Oleaginous yeasts have been primarily grown on single saccharides (60%), hydrolysates (26%) or glycerol (19%), and mainly on the mL scale (66%). Process development and genetic modification (7%) have been applied to alter yeast performance and the lipids, towards the production of biofuels (77%), food/supplements (24%), oleochemicals (19%) or animal feed (3%). Despite over a century of research and the recent application of advanced genetic engineering techniques, the industrial production of an economically viable commodity oil substitute remains elusive. This is mainly due to the estimated high production cost, however, over the course of the twenty-first century where climate change will drastically change global food supply networks and direct governmental action will likely be levied at more destructive crops, yeast lipids offer a flexible platform for localised, sustainable lipid production. Based on data from the large majority of oleaginous yeast academic publications, this review is a guide through the history of oleaginous yeast research, an assessment of the best growth and lipid production achieved to date, the various strategies employed towards industrial production and importantly, a critical discussion about what needs to be built on this huge body of work to make producing a yeast-derived, more sustainable, glyceride oil a commercial reality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Abeln
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Z, Natalizio F, Dragone G, Mussatto SI. Maximizing the simultaneous production of lipids and carotenoids by Rhodosporidium toruloides from wheat straw hydrolysate and perspectives for large-scale implementation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125598. [PMID: 34330003 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to select fermentation conditions able to simultaneously maximize the production of lipids and carotenoids by oleaginous yeast cultivated in wheat straw hydrolysate. An evolved strain of Rhodosporidium toruloides with improved tolerance to toxic compounds present in hydrolysate medium was used. Experiments were performed in order to investigate the effect of the temperature and inoculum load on the production of lipids and carotenoids by R. toruloides. Results revealed that the accumulation of both products can be simultaneously maximized when performing the fermentation at 17 °C and using 3.5 g/L of inoculum. This maximum simultaneous production opens up new perspectives for the establishment of a feasible and more sustainable large-scale process for the production of lipids and carotenoids. Even corresponding to only 1% of the cell mass, due to the high market value, carotenoids would account for more than 90% of the total income of the industrial plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Liu
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Francesca Natalizio
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Giuliano Dragone
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 223, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Solange I Mussatto
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 223, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chintagunta AD, Zuccaro G, Kumar M, Kumar SPJ, Garlapati VK, Postemsky PD, Kumar NSS, Chandel AK, Simal-Gandara J. Biodiesel Production From Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Oleaginous Microbes: Prospects for Integrated Biofuel Production. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:658284. [PMID: 34475852 PMCID: PMC8406692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.658284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiesel is an eco-friendly, renewable, and potential liquid biofuel mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Biodiesel has been produced initially from vegetable oils, non-edible oils, and waste oils. However, these feedstocks have several disadvantages such as requirement of land and labor and remain expensive. Similarly, in reference to waste oils, the feedstock content is succinct in supply and unable to meet the demand. Recent studies demonstrated utilization of lignocellulosic substrates for biodiesel production using oleaginous microorganisms. These microbes accumulate higher lipid content under stress conditions, whose lipid composition is similar to vegetable oils. In this paper, feedstocks used for biodiesel production such as vegetable oils, non-edible oils, oleaginous microalgae, fungi, yeast, and bacteria have been illustrated. Thereafter, steps enumerated in biodiesel production from lignocellulosic substrates through pretreatment, saccharification and oleaginous microbe-mediated fermentation, lipid extraction, transesterification, and purification of biodiesel are discussed. Besides, the importance of metabolic engineering in ensuring biofuels and biorefinery and a brief note on integration of liquid biofuels have been included that have significant importance in terms of circular economy aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjani Devi Chintagunta
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur, India
| | - Gaetano Zuccaro
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- LBE, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Narbonne, France
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, India
| | - S. P. Jeevan Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, India
- ICAR-Directorate of Floricultural Research, Pune, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Garlapati
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, India
| | - Pablo D. Postemsky
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms, Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS-UNS/CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N. S. Sampath Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur, India
| | - Anuj K. Chandel
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena (EEL), University of São Paulo (USP), Lorena, Brazil
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Brandenburg J, Blomqvist J, Shapaval V, Kohler A, Sampels S, Sandgren M, Passoth V. Oleaginous yeasts respond differently to carbon sources present in lignocellulose hydrolysate. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:124. [PMID: 34051838 PMCID: PMC8164748 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01974-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial oils, generated from lignocellulosic material, have great potential as renewable and sustainable alternatives to fossil-based fuels and chemicals. By unravelling the diversity of lipid accumulation physiology in different oleaginous yeasts grown on the various carbon sources present in lignocellulose hydrolysate (LH), new targets for optimisation of lipid accumulation can be identified. Monitoring lipid formation over time is essential for understanding lipid accumulation physiology. This study investigated lipid accumulation in a variety of oleaginous ascomycetous and basidiomycetous strains grown in glucose and xylose and followed lipid formation kinetics of selected strains in wheat straw hydrolysate (WSH). RESULTS Twenty-nine oleaginous yeast strains were tested for their ability to utilise glucose and xylose, the main sugars present in WSH. Evaluation of sugar consumption and lipid accumulation revealed marked differences in xylose utilisation capacity between the yeast strains, even between those belonging to the same species. Five different promising strains, belonging to the species Lipomyces starkeyi, Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodotorula babjevae and Rhodotorula toruloides, were grown on undiluted wheat straw hydrolysate and lipid accumulation was followed over time, using Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. All five strains were able to grow on undiluted WSH and to accumulate lipids, but to different extents and with different productivities. R. babjevae DVBPG 8058 was the best-performing strain, accumulating 64.8% of cell dry weight (CDW) as lipids. It reached a culture density of 28 g/L CDW in batch cultivation, resulting in a lipid content of 18.1 g/L and yield of 0.24 g lipids per g carbon source. This strain formed lipids from the major carbon sources in hydrolysate, glucose, acetate and xylose. R. glutinis CBS 2367 also consumed these carbon sources, but when assimilating xylose it consumed intracellular lipids simultaneously. Rhodotorula strains contained a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids than the two tested Lipomyces starkeyi strains. CONCLUSIONS There is considerable metabolic diversity among oleaginous yeasts, even between closely related species and strains, especially when converting xylose to biomass and lipids. Monitoring the kinetics of lipid accumulation and identifying the molecular basis of this diversity are keys to selecting suitable strains for high lipid production from lignocellulose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jule Brandenburg
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, BioCenter, Box 7015, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Blomqvist
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, BioCenter, Box 7015, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Volha Shapaval
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Achim Kohler
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Sabine Sampels
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, BioCenter, Box 7015, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Sandgren
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, BioCenter, Box 7015, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Volkmar Passoth
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, BioCenter, Box 7015, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chattopadhyay A, Maiti MK. Lipid production by oleaginous yeasts. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021; 116:1-98. [PMID: 34353502 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial lipid production has been studied extensively for years; however, lipid metabolic engineering in many of the extraordinarily high lipid-accumulating yeasts was impeded by inadequate understanding of the metabolic pathways including regulatory mechanisms defining their oleaginicity and the limited genetic tools available. The aim of this review is to highlight the prominent oleaginous yeast genera, emphasizing their oleaginous characteristics, in conjunction with diverse other features such as cheap carbon source utilization, withstanding the effect of inhibitory compounds, commercially favorable fatty acid composition-all supporting their future development as economically viable lipid feedstock. The unique aspects of metabolism attributing to their oleaginicity are accentuated in the pretext of outlining the various strategies successfully implemented to improve the production of lipid and lipid-derived metabolites. A large number of in silico data generated on the lipid accumulation in certain oleaginous yeasts have been carefully curated, as suggestive evidences in line with the exceptional oleaginicity of these organisms. The different genetic elements developed in these yeasts to execute such strategies have been scrupulously inspected, underlining the major types of newly-found and synthetically constructed promoters, transcription terminators, and selection markers. Additionally, there is a plethora of advanced genetic toolboxes and techniques described, which have been successfully used in oleaginous yeasts in the recent years, promoting homologous recombination, genome editing, DNA assembly, and transformation at remarkable efficiencies. They can accelerate and effectively guide the rational designing of system-wide metabolic engineering approaches pinpointing the key targets for developing industrially suitable yeast strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atrayee Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Mrinal K Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Biorefinery-Based Approach to Exploit Mixed Cultures of Lipomyces starkeyi and Chloroidium saccharophilum for Single Cell Oil Production. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14051340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mutualistic interactions between the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi and the green microalga Chloroidium saccharophilum in mixed cultures were investigated to exploit possible synergistic effects. In fact, microalga could act as an oxygen generator for the yeast, while the yeast could provide carbon dioxide to microalga. The behavior of the two microorganisms alone and in mixed culture was studied in two synthetic media (YEG and BBM + G) before moving on to a real model represented by the hydrolysate of Arundo donax, used as low-cost feedstock, and previously subjected to steam explosion and enzymatic hydrolysis. The overall lipid content and lipid productivity obtained in the mixed culture of YEG, BBM + G and for the hydrolysate of Arundo donax were equal to 0.064, 0.064 and 0.081 glipid·gbiomass−1 and 30.14, 35.56 and 37.22 mglipid·L−1·day−1, respectively. The mixed cultures, in all cases, proved to be the most performing compared to the individual ones. In addition, this study provided new input for the integration of Single Cell Oil (SCO) production with agro-industrial feedstock, and the fatty acid distribution mainly consisting of stearic (C18:0) and oleic acid (C18:1) allows promising applications in biofuels, cosmetics, food additives and other products of industrial interest.
Collapse
|
15
|
Gosalawit C, Imsoonthornruksa S, Gilroyed BH, Mcnea L, Boontawan A, Ketudat-Cairns M. The potential of the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 to produce biolipids. J Biotechnol 2021; 329:56-64. [PMID: 33549673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sixty-seven yeast strains were isolated from castor beans then their endogenous lipids were stained by Nile Red (NR) fluorescence dye, and flow cytometry was used to obtain a strain with a high relative mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) value. The highest MFI value was obtained for strain CM33, which produced a maximum lipid content of 20.8 % dry cell weight (DCW). Based on the sequence of the ITS-5.8S-ITS rDNA and D1/D2 26S rDNA regions, CM33 showed 99 % identity with Rhodotorula paludigena. The potential of CM33 to assimilate various carbon sources was examined by growth on minimal media using glucose, glycerol, sucrose or xylose. CM33 was grown in glucose-based medium for 96 h and exhibited a maximum lipid content of 23.9 % DCW. Furthermore, when cells were cultured on molasses waste, their biomass, lipid content and lipid concentration reached 16.5 g/L, 37.1 % DCW and 6.1 g/L, respectively. These results demonstrated the potential of R. paludigena CM33 to contribute to a value-added carbon chain by converting renewable waste materials for biolipid production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chotika Gosalawit
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-district, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
| | - Sumeth Imsoonthornruksa
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-district, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
| | - Brandon H Gilroyed
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, 120 Main Street East, Ridgetown, Ontario, N0P 2C0, Canada.
| | - Lucas Mcnea
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, 120 Main Street East, Ridgetown, Ontario, N0P 2C0, Canada.
| | - Apichat Boontawan
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-district, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
| | - Mariena Ketudat-Cairns
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-district, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
da Cunha Abreu Xavier M, Teixeira Franco T. Obtaining hemicellulosic hydrolysate from sugarcane bagasse for microbial oil production by Lipomyces starkeyi. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:967-979. [PMID: 33517513 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The extraction of the hemicellulose fraction of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) by acid hydrolysis was evaluated in an autoclave and a Parr reactor aiming the application of the hydrolysate as a carbon source for lipid production by Lipomyces starkeyi. RESULTS The hydrolysis that resulted in the highest sugar concentration was obtained by treatment in the Parr reactor (HHR) at 1.5% (m/v) H2SO4 and 120 °C for 20 min, reaching a hemicellulose conversion of approximately 82%. The adaptation of the yeast to the hydrolysate provided good fermentability and no lag phase. The fermentation of hemicellulose-derived sugars (HHR) by L. starkeyi resulted in a 27.8% (w/w) lipid content and YP/S of 0.16 g/l.h. Increasing the inoculum size increased the lipid content by approximately 61%, reaching 44.8% (w/w). CONCLUSION The hemicellulose hydrolysate from SCB is a potential substrate for L. starkeyi to produce lipids for biodiesel synthesis based on the biorefinery concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle da Cunha Abreu Xavier
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Badejos Street 69-72, Jardim Cervilha, Gurupi, TO, 77404-970, Brazil.
| | - Telma Teixeira Franco
- Department of Process Engineering (DEPro), School of Chemical Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Albert Einstein Avenue, 500, Zeferino Vaz University City, Campinas, SP, 13083-852, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang L, Loh KC, Kuroki A, Dai Y, Tong YW. Microbial biodiesel production from industrial organic wastes by oleaginous microorganisms: Current status and prospects. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123543. [PMID: 32739727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to encourage the technical development of microbial biodiesel production from industrial-organic-wastes-derived volatile fatty acids (VFAs). To this end, this article summarizes the current status of several key technical steps during microbial biodiesel production, including (1) acidogenic fermentation of bio-wastes for VFA collection, (2) lipid accumulation in oleaginous microorganisms, (3) microbial lipid extraction, (4) transesterification of microbial lipids into crude biodiesel, and (5) crude biodiesel purification. The emerging membrane-based bioprocesses such as electrodialysis, forward osmosis and membrane distillation, are promising approaches as they could help tackle technical challenges related to the separation and recovery of VFAs from the fermentation broth. The genetic engineering and metabolic engineering approaches could be applied to design microbial species with higher lipid productivity and rapid growth rate for enhanced fatty acids synthesis. The enhanced in situ transesterification technologies aided by microwave, ultrasound and supercritical solvents are also recommended for future research. Technical limitations and cost-effectiveness of microbial biodiesel production from bio-wastes are also discussed, in regard to its potential industrial development. Based on the overview on microbial biodiesel technologies, an integrated biodiesel production line incorporating all the critical technical steps is proposed for unified management and continuous optimization for highly efficient biodiesel production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, 138602, Singapore
| | - Kai-Chee Loh
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore
| | - Agnès Kuroki
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, 138602, Singapore
| | - Yanjun Dai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gorte O, Kugel M, Ochsenreither K. Optimization of carbon source efficiency for lipid production with the oleaginous yeast Saitozyma podzolica DSM 27192 applying automated continuous feeding. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:181. [PMID: 33292512 PMCID: PMC7607716 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biotechnologically produced microbial lipids are of interest as potential alternatives for crude and plant oils. Their lipid profile is similar to plant oils and can therefore be a substitute for the production of biofuels, additives for food and cosmetics industry as well as building blocks for oleochemicals. Commercial microbial lipids production, however, is still not profitable and research on process optimization and cost reduction is required. This study reports on the process optimization using glucose or xylose with the unconventional oleaginous yeast Saitozyma podzolica DSM 27192 aiming to reduce the applied carbon source amount without sacrificing lipid productivity. RESULTS By optimizing the process parameters temperature and pH, lipid productivity was enhanced by 40%. Thereupon, by establishing a two-phase strategy with an initial batch phase and a subsequent fed-batch phase for lipid production in which a constant sugar concentration of about 10 g/L was maintained, resulted in saving of ~ 41% of total glucose and ~ 26% of total xylose. By performing the automated continuous sugar feed the total sugar uptake was improved to ~ 91% for glucose and ~ 92% for xylose and thus, prevented waste of unused carbon source in the cultivation medium. In addition, reduced glucose cultivation resulted in to 28% higher cell growth and 19% increase of lipid titer. By using xylose, the by-product xylonic acid was identified for the first time as by-product of S. podzolica. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide a broad view of different cultivation process strategies with subsequent comparison and evaluation for lipid production with S. podzolica. Additionally, new biotechnological characteristics of this yeast were highlighted regarding the ability to produce valuable organic acids from sustainable and renewable sugars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gorte
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fitz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michaela Kugel
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fitz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fitz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Substrate for Oleaginous Microorganisms: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms capable of accumulating lipids in high percentages, known as oleaginous microorganisms, have been widely studied as an alternative for producing oleochemicals and biofuels. Microbial lipid, so-called Single Cell Oil (SCO), production depends on several growth parameters, including the nature of the carbon substrate, which must be efficiently taken up and converted into storage lipid. On the other hand, substrates considered for large scale applications must be abundant and of low acquisition cost. Among others, lignocellulosic biomass is a promising renewable substrate containing high percentages of assimilable sugars (hexoses and pentoses). However, it is also highly recalcitrant, and therefore it requires specific pretreatments in order to release its assimilable components. The main drawback of lignocellulose pretreatment is the generation of several by-products that can inhibit the microbial metabolism. In this review, we discuss the main aspects related to the cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms using lignocellulosic biomass as substrate, hoping to contribute to the development of a sustainable process for SCO production in the near future.
Collapse
|
20
|
Gorte O, Nazarova N, Papachristou I, Wüstner R, Leber K, Syldatk C, Ochsenreither K, Frey W, Silve A. Pulsed Electric Field Treatment Promotes Lipid Extraction on Fresh Oleaginous Yeast Saitozyma podzolica DSM 27192. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:575379. [PMID: 33015025 PMCID: PMC7516276 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.575379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports on the use of pulsed electric field (PEF) as a pre-treatment step to enhance lipid extraction yield using extraction with ethanol-hexane blend on fresh oleaginous yeast Saitozyma podzolica. The yeasts were cultivated on nitrogen-depleted condition and had a lipid content of 26.4 ± 4.6% of dry weight. PEF-treatment was applied on the yeast suspension either directly after harvesting (unwashed route) or after a washing step (washed route) which induced a reduction of conductivity by a factor eight. In both cases, cell concentration was 20 g of biomass per liter of suspension. In the unwashed route, the lipid extraction efficiency increased from 7% (untreated) to 54% thanks to PEF-treatment. In case an additional washing step was added after PEF-treatment, up to 81% of the lipid content could be recovered. The washed route was even more efficient since lipid extraction yields increased from 26% (untreated) to 99% of total lipid. The energy input for the PEF-treatment never exceeded 150 kJ per liter of initial suspension. The best lipid recovery scenario was obtained using pulses of 1 μs, an electric field of 40 kV/cm and it required slightly less than 11 MJ/kgLIPID. This amount of energy can be further reduced by at least a factor five by optimizing the treatment and especially by increasing the concentration of the treated biomass. The process can be easily up-scaled and does not require any expensive handling of the biomass such as freezing or freeze-drying. These findings demonstrate the potential benefit of PEF-treatment in the downstream processing of oleaginous yeast. From a basic research point of view, the influence of conductivity on PEF energy requirements and extraction yields was examined, and results suggest a higher efficiency of PEF-treatment in terms of energy when treatment is performed at lower conductivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gorte
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Natalja Nazarova
- Institute for Pulse Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ioannis Papachristou
- Institute for Pulse Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Wüstner
- Institute for Pulse Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Klaus Leber
- Institute for Pulse Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute for Pulse Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Aude Silve
- Institute for Pulse Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ide-Pérez MR, Fernández-López MG, Sánchez-Reyes A, Leija A, Batista-García RA, Folch-Mallol JL, Sánchez-Carbente MDR. Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Novel Extremotolerant Exophiala and Rhodotorula Spp. from an Oil Polluted Site in Mexico. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E135. [PMID: 32823980 PMCID: PMC7559356 DOI: 10.3390/jof6030135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since Aromatic hydrocarbons are recalcitrant and toxic, strategies to remove them are needed. The aim of this work was to isolate fungi capable of using aromatic hydrocarbons as carbon sources. Two isolates from an oil polluted site in Mexico were identified through morphological and molecular markers as a novel Rhodotorula sp. and an Exophiala sp. Both strains were able to grow in a wide range of pH media, from 4 to 12, showing their optimal growth at alkaline pH's and are both halotolerant. The Exophiala strain switched from hyphae to yeast morphotype in high salinity conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of salt triggering dimorphism. The Rhodotorula strain, which is likely a new undescribed species, was capable of removing singled ringed aromatic compounds such as benzene, xylene, and toluene, but could not remove benzo[a] pyrene nor phenanthrene. Nevertheless, these hydrocarbons did not impair its growth. The Exophiala strain showed a different removal capacity. It could remove the polyaromatic hydrocarbons but performed poorly at removing toluene and xylene. Nevertheless, it still could grow well in the presence of the aromatic compounds. These strains could have a potential for aromatic compounds removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martín R. Ide-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico;
| | - Maikel Gilberto Fernández-López
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular-Instituto de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (M.G.F.-L.); (R.A.B.-G.)
| | - Ayixon Sánchez-Reyes
- Cátedras Conacyt-Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico;
| | - Alfonso Leija
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico;
| | - Ramón Alberto Batista-García
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular-Instituto de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (M.G.F.-L.); (R.A.B.-G.)
| | - Jorge Luis Folch-Mallol
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico;
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sreeharsha RV, Mohan SV. Obscure yet Promising Oleaginous Yeasts for Fuel and Chemical Production. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:873-887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
23
|
Chen SJ, Kuan IC, Tu YF, Lee SL, Yu CY. Surfactant-assisted in situ transesterification of wet Rhodotorula glutinis biomass. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 130:397-401. [PMID: 32586661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In situ transesterification of oleaginous microbes with short chain alcohol has been developed as a renewable process for the production of biodiesel. Dry biomass is often a requisite for the process to avoid the adverse effect of water on the productivity. As a consequence, large amount of energy consumption is required for prior biomass drying. In this study, the wet biomass of Rhodotorula glutinis, an oleaginous yeast, was used directly in in situ transesterification without biomass drying. The reaction conditions were optimized for the production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and the effects of adding different surfactants were also studied. The highest FAME yield of 110% was achieved with a methanol loading of 1:100 at 90°C for 8 h as catalyzed by 0.36 M H2SO4, and the FAME content was 97%, which meets the 96.5% specified in both European biodiesel standards and Taiwanese biodiesel standards. The addition of 50 mM 3-(N,N-dimethylmyristylammonio)propanesulfonate (3-DMAPS, a zwitterionic surfactant) improved the FAME yield from 69% to 83%, which was obtained with a low methanol loading of 1:10 at 90°C for 10 h. Hence, the production of FAME with wet biomass under optimized reaction conditions was as effective as that with the dry form. This clearly indicates that using wet R. glutinis as the feedstock is feasible for the production of biodiesel by in situ transesterification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Jie Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Tatung University, 40 Chungshan N. Rd. Sec. 3, Taipei 10452, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Kuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Tatung University, 40 Chungshan N. Rd. Sec. 3, Taipei 10452, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Tatung University, 40 Chungshan N. Rd. Sec. 3, Taipei 10452, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Ling Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Tatung University, 40 Chungshan N. Rd. Sec. 3, Taipei 10452, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yang Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Tatung University, 40 Chungshan N. Rd. Sec. 3, Taipei 10452, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ghasemi A, Moosavi-Nasab M. Production of second-generation biodiesel using low-quality date fruits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:e00480. [PMID: 32528865 PMCID: PMC7276386 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the valorization of the date syrup obtained from low-quality date fruits to be used as a low-cost alternative medium for producing single cell oil (SCO) by Rhodotorula glutinis PTCC5256, which could further be converted into biodiesel. The higher C/N ratio of date syrup (C/N 70) led to restricting the formation of cell biomass and enhancing the biosynthesis of SCO. The maximal cell biomass and lipid productivities were obtained 72 mg/L/h and 17 mg/L/h by C/N ratios of 20 and 70, respectively. Although the obtained biodiesel met the international standards for cold filter plugging point (4.92 °C), iodine value (87.22 g I2/100 g oil), cetane number (52.26), higher heating value (40.19 MJ/kg), cloud point (6.29 °C), pour point (0.00 °C), density (878 kg/m3), kinematic viscosity (4.30 mm2/s) and oxidation stability (7.87 h), its weak cold-flow properties might limit its application in cold areas in comparison with diesel fuel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abouzar Ghasemi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Seafood Processing Research Group, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Moosavi-Nasab
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Seafood Processing Research Group, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Corresponding author at: Seafood Processing Research Group and Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gorte O, Hollenbach R, Papachristou I, Steinweg C, Silve A, Frey W, Syldatk C, Ochsenreither K. Evaluation of Downstream Processing, Extraction, and Quantification Strategies for Single Cell Oil Produced by the Oleaginous Yeasts Saitozyma podzolica DSM 27192 and Apiotrichum porosum DSM 27194. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:355. [PMID: 32391350 PMCID: PMC7193083 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Single cell oil (SCO) produced by oleaginous yeasts is considered as a sustainable source for biodiesel and oleochemicals since its production does not compete with food or feed and high yields can be obtained from a wide variety of carbon sources, e.g., acetate or lignocellulose. Downstream processing is still costly preventing the broader application of SCO. Direct transesterification of freeze-dried biomass is widely used for analytical purposes and for biodiesel production but it is energy intensive and, therefore, expensive. Additionally, only fatty acid esters are produced limiting the subsequent applications. The harsh conditions applied during direct esterification might also damage high-value polyunsaturated fatty acids. Unfortunately, universal downstream strategies effective for all yeast species do not exist and methods have to be developed for each yeast species due to differences in cell wall composition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate three industrially relevant cell disruption methods combined with three extraction systems for the SCO extraction of two novel, unconventional oleaginous yeasts, Saitozyma podzolica DSM 27192 and Apiotrichum porosum DSM 27194, based on cell disruption efficiency, lipid yield, and oil quality. Bead milling (BM) and high pressure homogenization (HPH) were effective cell disruption methods in contrast to sonification. By combining HPH (95% cell disruption efficiency) with ethanol-hexane-extraction 46.9 ± 4.4% lipid/CDW of S. podzolica were obtained which was 2.7 times higher than with the least suitable combination (ultrasound + Folch). A. porosum was less affected by cell disruption attempts. Here, the highest disruption efficiency was 74% after BM and the most efficient lipid recovery method was direct acidic transesterification (27.2 ± 0.5% fatty acid methyl esters/CDW) after freeze drying. The study clearly indicates cell disruption is the decisive step for SCO extraction. At disruption efficiencies of >90%, lipids can be extracted at high yields, whereas at lower cell disruption efficiencies, considerable amounts of lipids will not be accessible for extraction regardless of the solvents used. Furthermore, it was shown that hexane-ethanol which is commonly used for extraction of algal lipids is also highly efficient for yeasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gorte
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hollenbach
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ioannis Papachristou
- Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christian Steinweg
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 3: Bioprocess Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Aude Silve
- Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Orange peel waste-based liquid medium for biodiesel production by oleaginous yeasts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4617-4628. [PMID: 32236680 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10579-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Orange peel waste (OPW), the primary byproduct of the juice extraction process, is annually generated in massive amounts (21 Mton), and its aqueous extraction in biorefining operations yields a liquid fraction, referred to as orange peel extract (OPE). Although OPE contains significant amounts of easily assimilable carbohydrates, such as fructose, glucose, and sucrose, no investigations have been conducted yet to assess its possible use in biodiesel production by oleaginous yeasts. Consequently, the objective of the present study was to assess whether OPE might act as the basis of a liquid medium for microbial lipid production. A screening conducted with 18 strains of oleaginous yeasts in shaken flask on the OPE-based medium showed that Rhodosporidium toruloides NRRL 1091 and Cryptococcus laurentii UCD 68-201 gave the best results in terms of lipid production (5.8 and 4.5 g L-1, respectively) and accumulation (77 and 47% on a dry matter basis, respectively). The subsequent scale transfer of the process to a 3-L STR operated in batch mode halved the time required to reach the lipid peak with the ensuing increase in volumetric productivities in R. toruloides NRRL 1091 (3646 mg L-1 day-1) and C. laurentii UCD 68-201 (2970.7 mg L-1 day-1). The biodiesel yields from the lipids of the former and the latter strain were 36.9 and 31.9%, respectively. Based on multivariate analysis of fatty acid methyl ester compositions, the lipids from the former and the latter strain were highly resembling those of Jatropha and palm oils, two commonly used feedstocks for biodiesel manufacturing.
Collapse
|
27
|
Lipid Production from Sugarcane Top Hydrolysate and Crude Glycerol with Rhodosporidiobolus fluvialis using a Two-Stage Batch-Cultivation Strategy with Separate Optimization of Each Stage. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030453. [PMID: 32210119 PMCID: PMC7143989 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids from oleaginous microorganisms, including oleaginous yeasts, are recognized as feedstock for biodiesel production. A production process development of these organisms is necessary to bring lipid feedstock production up to the industrial scale. This study aimed to enhance lipid production of low-cost substrates, namely sugarcane top and biodiesel-derived crude glycerol, by using a two-stage cultivation process with Rhodosporidiobolus fluvialis DMKU-SP314. In the first stage, sugarcane top hydrolysate was used for cell propagation, and in the second stage, cells were suspended in a crude glycerol solution for lipid production. Optimization for high cell mass production in the first stage, and for high lipid production in the second stage, were performed separately using a one-factor-at-a-time methodology together with response surface methodology. Under optimum conditions in the first stage (sugarcane top hydrolysate broth containing; 43.18 g/L total reducing sugars, 2.58 g/L soy bean powder, 0.94 g/L (NH4)2SO4, 0.39 g/L KH2PO4 and 2.5 g/L MgSO4 7H2O, pH 6, 200 rpm, 28 °C and 48 h) and second stage (81.54 g/L crude glycerol, pH 5, 180 rpm, 27 °C and 196 h), a high lipid concentration of 15.85 g/L, a high cell mass of 21.07 g/L and a high lipid content of 73.04% dry cell mass were obtained.
Collapse
|
28
|
Jathanna HM, Rao CV, Goveas LC. Exploring Pongamia seed cake hydrolysate as a medium for microbial lipid production by Aspergillus ochraceus. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
29
|
Efficient xylose utilization leads to highest lipid productivity in Candida tropicalis SY005 among six yeast strains grown in mixed sugar medium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:3133-3144. [PMID: 32076780 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10443-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Six local isolates of yeasts were screened for cell mass and lipid production in mixed glucose and xylose medium. Candida tropicalis SY005 and Trichosporon (Apiotrichum) loubieri SY006 showed significant lipid accumulation of 24.6% and 32% (dry cell weight), respectively when grown in medium containing equal mass of both the sugars. SY005 produced relatively higher cell mass of 9.66 gL-1 due to higher rate of sugar consumption, which raised the lipid productivity of the organism to 0.792 gL-1day-1 as compared to 0.446 gL-1day-1 in SY006. When grown with each sugar separately, the xylose consumption rate of SY005 was found to be 0.55 gL-1 h-1 after 4 days as compared to 0.52 gL-1 h-1 for SY006. Transcript expression of the high affinity xylose transporter (Cthaxt), xylose reductase (Ctxyl1), and xylitol dehydrogenase (Ctxyl2) of SY005 was monitored to unravel such high rate of sugar consumption. Expression of all the three genes was observed to vary in mixed sugars with Cthaxt exhibiting the highest expression in presence of only xylose. Expression levels of both Ctxyl1 and Ctxyl2, involved in xylose catabolism, were maximum during 24-48 h of growth, indicating that xylose utilization started in the presence of glucose, which was depleted in the medium after 96 h. Together, the present study documents that C. tropicalis SY005 consumes xylose concomitant to glucose during early period of growth, and it is a promising yeast strain for viable production of storage lipid or other high-value oleochemicals utilizing lignocellulose hydrolysate.
Collapse
|
30
|
Poontawee R, Limtong S. Feeding Strategies of Two-Stage Fed-Batch Cultivation Processes for Microbial Lipid Production from Sugarcane Top Hydrolysate and Crude Glycerol by the Oleaginous Red Yeast Rhodosporidiobolus fluvialis. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E151. [PMID: 31979035 PMCID: PMC7074793 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial lipids are able to produce from various raw materials including lignocellulosic biomass by the effective oleaginous microorganisms using different cultivation processes. This study aimed to enhance microbial lipid production from the low-cost substrates namely sugarcane top hydrolysate and crude glycerol by Rhodosporidiobolus fluvialis DMKU-SP314, using two-stage fed-batch cultivation with different feeding strategies in a 3 L stirred-tank fermenter. The effect of two feeding strategies of 147.5 g/L crude glycerol solution was evaluated including pulse feeding at different starting time points (48, 24, and 72 h after initiation of batch operation) and constant feeding at different dilution rates (0.012, 0.020, and 0.033 h-1). The maximum lipid concentration of 23.6 g/L and cell mass of 38.5 g/L were achieved when constant feeding was performed at the dilution rate of 0.012 h-1 after 48 h of batch operation, which represented 1.24-fold and 1.27-fold improvements in the lipid and cell mass concentration, respectively. Whereas, batch cultivation provided 19.1 g/L of lipids and 30.3 g/L of cell mass. The overall lipid productivity increased to 98.4 mg/L/d in the two-stage fed-batch cultivation. This demonstrated that the two-stage fed-batch cultivation with constant feeding strategy has the possibility to apply for large-scale production of lipids by yeast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rujiralai Poontawee
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Bangphli, Samutprakarn 10540, Thailand;
| | - Savitree Limtong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Costa WAD, Padilha CEDA, Oliveira Júnior SDD, Silva FLHD, Silva J, Ancântara MA, Ferrari M, Santos ESD. Oil-lipids, carotenoids and fatty acids simultaneous production by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa CCT3892 using sugarcane molasses as carbon source. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.06419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract One of the most important classes of nutritional biomolecules is the oleaginous compounds group, which specially includes the oil-lipids, the carotenoids and the fatty acids. These biocompounds present a wide range of industrial applications because their ability to act as an energy source, antioxidants and metabolic agents for the human body. Therefore, the food industry, mainly focusing on food supplementation, is always searching for new sources of them. In this context, the present study evaluated the total lipids, carotenoids and fatty acids simultaneous production by the Rhodotorula mucilaginosa CCT3892 yeast, using residual sugarcane molasses as carbon source. The results obtained demonstrated that the cultivation of yeast in molasses medium (MC) produced the same content of total lipids and carotenoids (16.50% ± 0.68% and 0.053 ± 0.001 mg g-1, respectively) as the obtained from a synthetic medium (SC) (15.36% ± 1.36% and 0.051 ± 0.001 mg g-1 0.005). Concerning the fatty acids biosynthesis, the MC cultivation generated the most interesting profile once it presented a greater content of oleic acid (74.05%), an unsaturated compound with high nutritional value. The cultivation carried out with the molasses and yeast extract supplementation (MYEC) did not provide an improvement in microbial oil production, what indicated that in this condition there was a predominance of others sorts of substrate metabolization by the yeast cells, as confirmed by the microbial kinetics study.
Collapse
|
32
|
Yu Y, Xu Z, Chen S, Jin M. Microbial lipid production from dilute acid and dilute alkali pretreated corn stover via Trichosporon dermatis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 295:122253. [PMID: 31630000 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microbial lipid production from lignocellulosic biomass has attracted much attention recently. In this study, T. dermatis 32903 was selected from eleven promising oleaginous yeast strains. Carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) was investigated and optimized to maximize lipid production. Dilute acid (DA) pretreated corn stover (CS) and dilute alkali (AL) pretreated CS were then used for microbial lipid production, resulting in lipid concentrations of 7.46 g/L and 6.81 g/L, with sugar to lipid yields reached 0.104 g/g and 0.101 g/g, respectively. Washing of DA-CS and AL-CS enhanced lipid production to 11.43 g/L and 20.36 g/L with sugar to lipid yields improved to 0.156 g/g and 0.186 g/g, respectively. As degradation products in pretreated biomass showed severe inhibition on lipid fermentation, eight typical degradation products were further investigated for their effects on lipid fermentation. T. dermatis 32903 exhibited high tolerance to furan derivatives and week acids, but lower tolerance to phenolic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Zhaoxian Xu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Sitong Chen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Utilization of Wheat Bran Acid Hydrolysate by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Y-MG1 for Microbial Lipid Production as Feedstock for Biodiesel Synthesis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3213521. [PMID: 31915687 PMCID: PMC6930767 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3213521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The lignocellulosic hydrolysate was used as the fermentation feedstock of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Y-MG1 for the production of microbial lipids as the potential raw material for biodiesel synthesis. On synthetic media and under nitrogen-limiting condition, the Y-MG1 strain produces 2.13 g/L of lipids corresponding to 32.7% of lipid content. This strain was able to assimilate a wide range of substrates, especially C5 and C6 sugars as well as glycerol and sucrose. Fatty acid composition shows a divergence depending on the nature of used carbon source with a predominance of oleic acid or linoleic acid. An effective hydrolysis process, based on diluted acid treatment, was established for providing the maximum of fermentable sugars from different characterized lignocellulosic wastes. The highest yield of reducing sugars (56.6 g/L) could be achieved when wheat bran was used as the raw material. Hydrolysate detoxification step was not required in this study since the Y-MG1 strain was shown to grow and produce lipids in the presence of inhibitors and without the addition of external elements. Operating by controlled fed-batch fermentation yielded a dry biomass and oil yield of up to 11 g/L and 38.7% (w/w), respectively. The relative fatty acid composition showed the presence of increased levels of monounsaturated (66.8%) and saturated (23.4%) fatty acids in lipids of Y-MG1 grown on wheat bran. The predictive determination of biodiesel properties suggests that this oil may effectively be used for biodiesel production.
Collapse
|
34
|
Karamerou EE, Webb C. Cultivation modes for microbial oil production using oleaginous yeasts – A review. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
35
|
Production of single cell oil by using cassava peel substrate from oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
36
|
Chaiyaso T, Manowattana A, Techapun C, Watanabe M. Efficient bioconversion of enzymatic corncob hydrolysate into biomass and lipids by oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum KM281510. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:545-556. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1591985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanongsak Chaiyaso
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Atchara Manowattana
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Charin Techapun
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Oleaginous yeasts for sustainable lipid production—from biodiesel to surf boards, a wide range of “green” applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3651-3667. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09742-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
38
|
Microbial Lipid Production from Corn Stover by the Oleaginous Yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides Using the PreSSLP Process. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12061053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dry acid pretreatment and biodetoxification (DryPB) has been considered as an advanced technology to treat lignocellulosic materials for improved downstream bioconversion. In this study, the lipid production from DryPB corn stover was investigated by the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides using a new process designated prehydrolysis followed by simultaneous saccharification and lipid production (PreSSLP). The results found that prehydrolysis at 50 °C and then lipid production at 30 °C improved lipid yield by more than 17.0% compared with those without a prehydrolysis step. The highest lipid yield of 0.080 g/g DryPB corn stover was achieved at a solid loading of 12.5%. The fatty acid distribution of lipid products was similar to those of conventional vegetable oils that are used for biodiesel production. Our results suggested that the integration of DryPB process and PreSSLP process can be explored as an improved technology for microbial lipid production from lignocellulosic materials.
Collapse
|
39
|
Gientka I, Duda M, Bzducha-Wróbel A, Błażejak S. Deproteinated potato wastewater as a low-cost nitrogen substrate for very high yeast biomass quantities: starting point for scaled-up applications. Eur Food Res Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-019-03231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
40
|
Quarterman JC, Slininger PJ, Hector RE, Dien BS. Engineering Candida phangngensis—an oleaginous yeast from the Yarrowia clade—for enhanced detoxification of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors and lipid overproduction. FEMS Yeast Res 2018; 18:5105752. [DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josh C Quarterman
- Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Patricia J Slininger
- Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Ronald E Hector
- Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Bruce S Dien
- Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chaturvedi S, Bhattacharya A, Khare SK. Trends in Oil Production from Oleaginous Yeast Using Biomass: Biotechnological Potential and Constraints. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s000368381804004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
42
|
Liu L, Chen J, Lim PE, Wei D. Enhanced single cell oil production by mixed culture of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Rhodotorula glutinis using cassava bagasse hydrolysate as carbon source. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 255:140-148. [PMID: 29414159 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The single cell oil (SCO) production by the mono and mixed culture of microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa and red yeast Rhodotorula glutinis was investigated using non-detoxified cassava bagasse hydrolysate (CBH) as carbon source. The results suggested that the two strains were able to tolerate and even degrade some byproducts presented in the CBH, and the mixed culture approach enhanced the degradation of certain byproducts. Biomass (20.37 ± 0.38 g/L) and lipid yield (10.42 ± 1.21 g/L) of the mixed culture achieved in the batch culture were significantly higher than that of the mono-cultures (p < 0.05). The fed-batch culture further raised the biomass and lipid yield to 31.45 ± 4.93 g/L and 18.47 ± 3.25 g/L, respectively. The lipids mainly composed of oleic acid and palmitic acid, suggesting the potential applications such as biofuel feedstock, cosmetics, food additives and lubricant. This study provided new insights for the integration of the economical SCO production with agro-industrial waste disposal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd. 381, Guangzhou 510641, PR China
| | - Junhui Chen
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd. 381, Guangzhou 510641, PR China
| | - Phaik-Eem Lim
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd. 381, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lipid production from a mixture of sugarcane top hydrolysate and biodiesel-derived crude glycerol by the oleaginous red yeast, Rhodosporidiobolus fluvialis. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
44
|
Luo MT, Zhao C, Huang C, Chen XF, Huang QL, Qi GX, Tian LL, Xiong L, Li HL, Chen XD. Efficient Using Durian Shell Hydrolysate as Low-Cost Substrate for Bacterial Cellulose Production by Gluconacetobacter xylinus. Indian J Microbiol 2017; 57:393-399. [PMID: 29151639 PMCID: PMC5671436 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-017-0681-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Durian is one important tropical fruit with high nutritional value, but its shell is usually useless and considered as waste. To explore the efficient and high-value utilization of this agricultural and food waste, in this study, durian shell was simply hydrolyzed by dilute sulfuric acid, and the durian shell hydrolysate after detoxification was used for bacterial cellulose (BC) production by Gluconacetobacter xylinus for the first time. BC was synthesized in static culture for 10 days and the highest BC yield (2.67 g/L) was obtained at the 8th day. The typical carbon sources in the substrate including glucose, xylose, formic acid, acetic acid, etc. can be utilized by G. xylinus. The highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal (16.40%) was obtained at the 8th day. The highest BC yield on COD consumption and the highest BC yield on sugar consumption were 93.51% and 22.98% (w/w), respectively, suggesting this is one efficient bioconversion for BC production. Durian shell hydrolysate showed small influence on the BC structure by comparison with the structure of BC generated in traditional Hestrin-Schramm medium detected by FE-SEM, FTIR, and XRD. Overall, this technology can both solve the issue of waste durian shell and produce valuable bio-polymer (BC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Tan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian-Lin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gao-Xiang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan-Lan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-De Chen
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- Xuyi Center of Attapulgite Research Development and Industrialization, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, 211700 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Qin L, Liu L, Zeng AP, Wei D. From low-cost substrates to Single Cell Oils synthesized by oleaginous yeasts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:1507-1519. [PMID: 28642053 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
As new feedstock for biofuels, microbial oils have received worldwide attentions due to their environmentally-friendly characters. Microbial oil production based on low-cost raw materials is significantly attractive to the current biodiesel refinery industry. In terms of SCOs production, oleaginous yeast has numerous advantages over bacteria, molds and microalgae based on their high growth rate and lipid yield. Numerous efforts have been made on the competitive lipid production combining the use of cheap raw materials as substrates by yeasts. In this paper, we provided an overview of lipid metabolism in yeast cells. New advances using oleaginous yeast as a cell factory for high-value lipid production from various low-cost substrates are also reviewed, and the enhanced strategies based on synergistic effects of oleaginous yeast and microalgae in co-culture are discussed in details.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd. 381, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd. 381, Guangzhou 510641, PR China
| | - An-Ping Zeng
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd. 381, Guangzhou 510641, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
High lipids accumulation in Rhodosporidium toruloides by applying single and multiple nutrients limitation in a simple chemically defined medium. ANN MICROBIOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-017-1282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
47
|
Bonturi N, Crucello A, Viana AJC, Miranda EA. Microbial oil production in sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate without nutrient supplementation by a Rhodosporidium toruloides adapted strain. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
48
|
Liu Y, Guo L, Wang L, Zhan W, Zhou H. Irradiation pretreatment facilitates the achievement of high total sugars concentration from lignocellulose biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 232:270-277. [PMID: 28237898 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the two hydrolysis strategies, involving one thermal and one dilute acid/enzymatic hydrolysis, to produce high xylose and glucose concentrations from lignocellulose assisted with irradiation pretreatment. Prior to hydrolysis, lignocellulose was pretreated by γ-irradiation at 800KGy. The merits of irradiation pretreatment on lignocellulose were contributed to size-reduced particle distributions and low shear rate of material, which allowed high biomass loadings up to 30-40%(w/v, equals to 23-29wt.%) for the consequent hydrolysis process. Results showed that hemicellulose fraction could achieve ∼84g/L of total sugars containing ∼55g/L xylose and ∼21g/L glucose through this two steps hydrolysis. Cellulose fraction would release ∼251g/L of total sugars consisting of ∼235g/L glucose and ∼16g/L xylose in the ultimate enzymatic hydrolysate. To the best of our knowledge, it was the first report of achieving 235g/L glucose in cellulose enzymatic hydrolysate derived from lignocellulose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Lijun Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liuyang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wang Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Probst KV, Vadlani PV. Single cell oil production by Lipomyces starkeyi: Biphasic fed-batch fermentation strategy providing glucose for growth and xylose for oil production. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
50
|
Lorenz E, Runge D, Marbà-Ardébol AM, Schmacht M, Stahl U, Senz M. Systematic development of a two-stage fed-batch process for lipid accumulation in Rhodotorula glutinis. J Biotechnol 2017; 246:4-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|