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Gupta R, Sethi S, Sahu R, Bharshankh A, Biswas R. Long-term effect of seasonal and constant low temperatures on mesophilic biomass treating sewage in continuously stirred tank anaerobic granular reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 386:129471. [PMID: 37453660 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
A Continuously Stirred Tank Anaerobic Granular Reactor seeded with mesophilic biomass was studied for 1733 days analysing the impact of seasonal (12-23 °C) and controlled (8-15 °C) low temperatures on anaerobic treatment of sewage. Aided by intermittent dosing of 0.04% (v/v) methanol, the microbiota quickly adapted to temperature fluctuations. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was high but low temperatures affected methane production. Under low-temperature stress, the Methanomythylovorans and Methanosaeta-dominated methanogenic community shifted focus to cellular repair and transport, with carbon diversion towards assimilative pathways, thereby decreasing methane yields. Specific methanogenic activity at 15 °C and 30 °C increased by five and four times, respectively, from their initial values indicating microbiota retained its mesophilic properties. Despite lower methane yield, stable and high COD removals, along with low dissolved methane and volatile fatty acids indicated that low-temperature anaerobic sewage treatment using mesophilic biomass in the long run is sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Gupta
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India
| | - Shradhanjali Sethi
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rojalin Sahu
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ankita Bharshankh
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rima Biswas
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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2
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Du R, Hu Y, Nitta S, Ji J, Li YY. Material mass balance and elemental flow analysis in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment towards low-carbon operation and resource recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158586. [PMID: 36075441 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) has gained huge attention as a municipal wastewater (MWW) treatment process that combined high organics removal, a low sludge yield and bioenergy recovery. In this study, a 20 L AnMBR was set up and operated steadily for 70 days in temperate conditions with an HRT of 6 h and a flux of 12 LMH for the treatment of real MWW, focusing on the behavior of the major elements (C, N, P and S) from an elemental balance perspective. The results showed that the AnMBR achieved more than 85 % COD removal, a low sludge yield (0.081 gVSS/gCODremoved) and high methane production (0.31 L-CH4/gCODremoved) close to the theoretical value. The elemental flow analysis revealed that the AnMBR converted 77 % of the influent COD to methane (57 % gaseous and 20 % dissolved) and 6 % of the COD for sludge production. In addition, the AnMBR converted 34 % of the total carbon to energy-generated carbon, and only 3 % was in the form of CO2 in the biogas for further upgradation, which was in line with the concept of carbon neutrality. Since little nitrogen or phosphorus were removed, the permeate was nutrient-rich and further treatment to recover the nutrients would be required. This study illustrates the superior performance of the AnMBR for MWW treatment with a microscopic view of elemental behavior and provides a reference for implementing the mainstream AnMBR process in carbon-neutral wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runda Du
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yisong Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Shiori Nitta
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jiayuan Ji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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Jiao C, Hu Y, Zhang X, Jing R, Zeng T, Chen R, Li YY. Process characteristics and energy self-sufficient operation of a low-fouling anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor for up-concentrated municipal wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:156992. [PMID: 35772537 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Up-concentration of municipal wastewater using physico-chemical methods can effectively enrich organic matter, facilitating subsequent anaerobic digestion of up-concentrated wastewater for enhanced methanogenesis at reduced energy consumption. An anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (AnDMBR) assisted with biogas-sparging was developed to treat up-concentrated municipal wastewater, focusing on the effects of operating temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) as well as COD mass balance and energy balance. The COD removal stabilized at about 98 % over the experimental period, while gaseous and dissolved methane contributed 43-49 % and 2-3 % to the influent COD reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The formed dynamic membrane exists mainly as a heterogeneous cake layer with a uneven distribution feature, ensuring the stable effluent quality. Without adopting any physico-chemical cleaning, the transmembrane pressure (TMP) maintained at a low range (2.7 to 14.67 kPa) with the average TMP increasing rate of 0.089 kPa/d showing a long-term low-fouling operation. Increasing the concentration ratio, the methane production rate decreased from 0.18 to 0.15 L CH4/gCOD likely due to the accumulation of particulate organics. Microbial community analysis indicated the predominant methanogenic pathway shifted from hydrogenotrophic to acetoclastic methanogenesis in response to the temperature change. Net energy balance (0.003-0.600 kWh/m3) can be achieved only under room temperature (25 °C) rather than mesophilic conditions (36 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfan Jiao
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yisong Hu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Ruosong Jing
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Ting Zeng
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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Abstract
In recent years, anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBRs) technology, a combination of a biological reactor and a selective membrane process, has received increasing attention from both industrialists and researchers. Undoubtedly, this is due to the fact that AnMBRs demonstrate several unique advantages. Firstly, this paper addresses fundamentals of the AnMBRs technology and subsequently provides an overview of the current state-of-the art in the municipal and domestic wastewaters treatment by AnMBRs. Since the operating conditions play a key role in further AnMBRs development, the impact of temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the AnMBRs performance in terms of organic matters removal is presented in detail. Although membrane technologies for wastewaters treatment are known as costly in operation, it was clearly demonstrated that the energy demand of AnMBRs may be lower than that of typical wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Moreover, it was indicated that AnMBRs have the potential to be a net energy producer. Consequently, this work builds on a growing body of evidence linking wastewaters treatment with the energy-efficient AnMBRs technology. Finally, the challenges and perspectives related to the full-scale implementation of AnMBRs are highlighted.
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Vinardell S, Sanchez L, Astals S, Mata-Alvarez J, Dosta J, Heran M, Lesage G. Impact of permeate flux and gas sparging rate on membrane performance and process economics of granular anaerobic membrane bioreactors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153907. [PMID: 35183622 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This research investigated the impact of permeate flux and gas sparging rate on membrane permeability, dissolved and colloidal organic matter (DCOM) rejection and process economics of granular anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs). The goal of the study was to understand how membrane fouling control strategies influence granular AnMBR economics. To this end, short- and long-term filtration tests were performed under different permeate flux and specific gas demand (SGD) conditions. The results showed that flux and SGD conditions had a direct impact on membrane fouling. At normalised fluxes (J20) of 4.4 and 8.7 L m-2 h-1 (LMH) the most favourable SGD condition was 0.5 m3 m-2 h-1, whereas at J20 of 13.0 and 16.7 LMH the most favourable SGD condition was 1.0 m3 m-2 h-1. The flux and the SGD did not have a direct impact on DCOM rejection, with values ranging between 31 and 44%. The three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (3DEEM) spectra showed that protein-like fluorophores were predominant in mixed liquor and permeate samples (67-79%) and were retained by the membrane (39-50%). This suggests that protein-like fluorophores could be an important foulant for these systems. The economic analysis showed that operating the membranes at moderate fluxes (J20 = 7.8 LMH) and SGD (0.5 m3 m-2 h-1) could be the most favourable alternative. Finally, a sensitivity analysis illustrated that electricity and membrane cost were the most sensitive economic parameters, which highlights the importance of reducing SGD requirements and improving membrane permeability to reduce costs of granular AnMBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vinardell
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France.
| | - Lucie Sanchez
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Sergi Astals
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Mata-Alvarez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Water Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Dosta
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Water Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Heran
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Geoffroy Lesage
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France
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Sanchez L, Carrier M, Cartier J, Charmette C, Heran M, Steyer JP, Lesage G. Enhanced organic degradation and biogas production of domestic wastewater at psychrophilic temperature through submerged granular anaerobic membrane bioreactor for energy-positive treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 353:127145. [PMID: 35413419 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with the conversion of organic matter into methane at ambient temperature, during anaerobic digestion of domestic wastewater combined with a submerged ultrafiltration membrane with no gas-sparging. A one-stage submerged granular anaerobic membrane bioreactor (G-AnMBR) and a control anaerobic digester (UASB type) were operated during four months, after 500 days of biomass acclimatization to psychrophilic and low loading rate conditions. Membrane barrier led to the retention of biomass, suspended solids and dissolved and colloidal organic matter which greatly enhanced total COD (tCOD) removal (92.3%) and COD to methane conversion (84.7% of tCOD converted into dissolved and gaseous CH4). G-AnMBR overcame the usual long start-up period and led to a higher sludge heterogeneity, without altering the granular biomass activity. The feasibility of the G-AnMBR without gas-sparging was also assessed and the net positive energy balance was estimated around + 0.58 kWh.m-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Sanchez
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgane Carrier
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jim Cartier
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Charmette
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Heran
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Geoffroy Lesage
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
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Rong C, Wang T, Luo Z, Hu Y, Kong Z, Qin Y, Hanaoka T, Ito M, Kobayashi M, Li YY. Pilot plant demonstration of temperature impacts on the methanogenic performance and membrane fouling control of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor in treating real municipal wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 354:127167. [PMID: 35436540 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A 5,000-L anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) fed with actual municipal wastewater was employed to study the impact of temperature drops on methanogenic performance and membrane fouling. With temperature dropped from 25 °C to 15 °C, the methane yield decreased from 0.244 to 0.205 NL-CH4/g-CODremoval and the dissolved methane increased from 29% to 43%, resulted in the methanogenic performance reduced by 25%. The membrane rejection offset the deteriorated anaerobic digestion at low temperatures and ensured the stable COD removal efficiency of 84.5%-90.0%. The synergistic effects of the increased microbial products and viscosity and the residual inorganic foulants aggravated the membrane fouling at lower temperatures. As the organic fouling was easily removed by NaClO, the inorganics related to the elements of S, Ca and Fe were the stubborn membrane foulants and required the enhanced acid membrane cleaning. These findings obtained under the quasi-practical condition are expected to promote the practical applications of mainstream AnMBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Rong
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tianjie Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zibin Luo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yisong Hu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Zhe Kong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Taira Hanaoka
- Solution Engineering Group, Environmental Engineering Department, Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd., 1-2 Miyamae-Cho, Kawasaki-Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0012, Japan
| | - Masami Ito
- Global Water Recycling and Reuse System Association, Japan, 5-1, Soto-Kanda 1-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0021, Japan
| | - Masumi Kobayashi
- Separation and Aqua Chemicals Department, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Gate City Osaki East Tower, 11-2 Osaki 1-chome, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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8
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Paul T, Janakiraman I, Manikandan NA, Pakshirajan K, Pugazhenthi G, Girisa S, Kunnumakkara AB. Reuse Potential of Refinery Wastewater Treated Using a Two‐Stage Submerged Membrane Bioreactor. Chem Eng Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Paul
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Center for the Environment 781039 Guwahati Assam India
| | - Iyyappan Janakiraman
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Center for the Environment 781039 Guwahati Assam India
| | - N. Arul Manikandan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Chemical Engineering 781039 Guwahati Assam India
| | - Kannan Pakshirajan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Center for the Environment 781039 Guwahati Assam India
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering 781039 Guwahati Assam India
| | - Gopal Pugazhenthi
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Center for the Environment 781039 Guwahati Assam India
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Chemical Engineering 781039 Guwahati Assam India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering 781039 Guwahati Assam India
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering 781039 Guwahati Assam India
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9
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Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors for Municipal Wastewater Treatment: A Literature Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120967. [PMID: 34940468 PMCID: PMC8703433 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there is growing scientific interest in the development of more economic, efficient and environmentally friendly municipal wastewater treatment technologies. Laboratory and pilot-scale surveys have revealed that the anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) is a promising alternative for municipal wastewater treatment. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology combines the advantages of anaerobic processes and membrane technology. Membranes retain colloidal and suspended solids and provide complete solid–liquid separation. The slow-growing anaerobic microorganisms in the bioreactor degrade the soluble organic matter, producing biogas. The low amount of produced sludge and the production of biogas makes AnMBRs favorable over conventional biological treatment technologies. However, the AnMBR is not yet fully mature and challenging issues remain. This work focuses on fundamental aspects of AnMBRs in the treatment of municipal wastewater. The important parameters for AnMBR operation, such as pH, temperature, alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time and solids retention time, are discussed. Moreover, through a comprehensive literature survey of recent applications from 2009 to 2021, the current state of AnMBR technology is assessed and its limitations are highlighted. Finally, the need for further laboratory, pilot- and full-scale research is addressed.
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10
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Velasco P, Jegatheesan V, Thangavadivel K, Othman M, Zhang Y. A focused review on membrane contactors for the recovery of dissolved methane from anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) effluents. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130448. [PMID: 34126683 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The need for a more sustainable wastewater treatment is more relevant now due to climate change. Production and reuse of methane from anaerobic treatment is one pathway. However, this is defeated by the presence of dissolved methane in the effluent and would be released to the environment, adding to the greenhouse gas emissions. This review paper provided summary and analysis of studies involved in the production of dissolved methane from AnMBR, focusing with actual methane measurement (gas and dissolved) from AnMBR with different types of wastewater. Then more focused discussion and analysis on the use of membrane-based technology or membrane contactors in the recovery of dissolved methane from AnMBR effluent are included, with its development and energy analysis. The dissolved methane removal and recovery rate of membrane contactors can be as high as 96% and 0.05 mol methane/m2/h, respectively, with very low additional energy requirement of 0.01 kWh/m3 for the recovery. Future perspectives presented focus on the long-term evaluation and modelling of membrane contactors and on the membrane modifications to improve the selectivity of membranes to methane and to limit their fouling and wetting, thus making the technology more economical for resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perlie Velasco
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia; Department of Civil Engineering, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Pili Drive, College, Laguna, 4031, Philippines.
| | - Veeriah Jegatheesan
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | | | - Maazuza Othman
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Yang Zhang
- Membrane Innovation and Resource Recovery (MIRR), School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
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11
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Tiwari BR, Rouissi T, Brar SK, Surampalli RY. Critical insights into psychrophilic anaerobic digestion: Novel strategies for improving biogas production. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 131:513-526. [PMID: 34280728 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) under psychrophilic temperature has only recently garnered deserved attention. In major parts of Europe, USA, Canada and Australia, climatic conditions are more suited for psychrophilic (<20 ℃) rather than mesophilic (35 - 37 ℃) and thermophilic (55 - 60 ℃) AD. Low temperature has adverse effects on important cellular processes which may render the cell biology inactive. Moreover, cold climate can also alter the physical and chemical properties of wastewater, thereby reducing the availability of substrate to microbes. Hence, the use of low temperature acclimated microbial biomass could overcome thermodynamic constraints and carry out flexible structural and conformational changes to proteins, membrane lipid composition, expression of cold-adapted enzymes through genotypic and phenotypic variations. Reduction in organic loading rate is beneficial to methane production under low temperatures. Moreover, modification in the design of existing reactors and the use of hybrid reactors have already demonstrated improved methane generation in the lab-scale. This review also discusses some novel strategies such as direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET), co-digestion of substrate, bioaugmentation, and bioelectrochemical system assisted AD which present promising prospects. While DIET can facilitate syntrophic electron exchange in diverse microbes, the addition of organic-rich co-substrate can help in maintaining suitable C/N ratio in the anaerobic digester which subsequently can enhance methane generation. Bioaugmentation with psychrophilic strains could reduce start-up time and ensure daily stable performance for wastewater treatment facilities at low temperatures. In addition to the technical discussion, the economic assessment and future outlook on psychrophilic AD are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash R Tiwari
- Institut National de la recherche scientifique - Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Université du Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Tarek Rouissi
- Institut National de la recherche scientifique - Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Université du Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North York, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Rao Y Surampalli
- Global Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, Lenexa, USA
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Ji J, Chen Y, Hu Y, Ohtsu A, Ni J, Li Y, Sakuma S, Hojo T, Chen R, Li YY. One-year operation of a 20-L submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for real domestic wastewater treatment at room temperature: Pursuing the optimal HRT and sustainable flux. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145799. [PMID: 33621884 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A 20 L hollow-fiber submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) was used to treat real domestic wastewater at 25 °C with hydraulic retention times (HRTs) ranging from 4 to 12 h. The process performance was evaluated by organic removal efficiency, biogas production, sludge yield, and filtration behaviors during one-year's operation. For HRTs ranging between 6 and 12 h, the AnMBR showed good organic removal efficiency with chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal efficiencies of about 89% and 93%, respectively. The biogas yield was 0.26 L-gas/g-CODfed, with approximately 80% methane content, and the sludge yield was 0.07-0.11 g-VSS/g-CODrem. While at an HRT of 4 h, with the higher wastewater treatment capacity and organic loading rate (OLR), the biogas production was lower (0.17 L-gas/g-CODfed), and the sludge production was higher (0.22 g-VSS/g-CODrem). The organic removal performance (COD 84% and BOD 89%) at HRT of 4 h was acceptable due to the effective separation effect of the membrane filtration process. According to COD balance analysis, the low biogas yield and high sludge yield at HRT of 4 h were due to insufficient biodegradation under an OLR of 2.05 g-COD/L-reactor/d. Theoretical calculations based on Henry's law indicate that the ideal methane content in the biogas should be 82-85% when the operational temperature was 25 °C. To achieve a high flux and sustainable AnMBR operation, the impact of mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) and gas sparging velocity (GSV) on the filtration performance was analyzed. The critical flux increased with increase in the GSV from 24.2 to 174.3 m/h, but decreased with increase in the MLSS concentration from 8.2 to 20.2 g/L. Therefore, decreasing fouling rate to 0.8-1.2 kPa/d by efficiently controlling GSV and MLSS, sustainable operation could be achieved at a flux of 0.34 m/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Ji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yisong Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Akito Ohtsu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jialing Ni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yemei Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakuma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Hojo
- Department of Civil Engineering and Management, Tohoku Institute of Technology, 35-1, Yagiyamakasumi-cho, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-8577, Japan
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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Ji J, Sakuma S, Ni J, Chen Y, Hu Y, Ohtsu A, Chen R, Cheng H, Qin Y, Hojo T, Kubota K, Li YY. Application of two anaerobic membrane bioreactors with different pore size membranes for municipal wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:140903. [PMID: 32717601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pore size is one of the most important properties in the successful operation of membrane-based bioprocesses for the treatment of municipal wastewater. The characteristics of two anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs), one with a hollow fiber membrane of 0.4 μm pore size (AnMBR1), and the other with a membrane of 0.05 μm pore size (AnMBR2) were investigated for the treatment of real municipal wastewater at room temperature (25 °C) under varied hydraulic retention times (HRTs). Process performance was evaluated in terms of organic removal efficiency, biogas production and membrane filtration behaviours during a long-term continuous operation. Both AnMBRs showed good organic removal performance with COD and BOD removal efficiencies of around 89% and 93%, respectively. High energy recovery potential was achieved, with the biogas yield ranging between 0.20 and 0.26 L-gas/g-CODrem and a methane content of approximately 75%. The differences in the membrane filtration behaviours in the two AnMBRs included different permeate flux and total filtration resistance (Rt). In the AnMBR with a 0.4 μm pore size membrane, an average Rt of 1.08 × 10^12 m-1 was obtained even when the permeate flux was a high 0.274 m/day, while a higher average Rt of 1.51 × 10^12 m-1 was observed in the AnMBR with 0.05 μm pore size membrane even when the flux was a low 0.148 m/day. The off-line membrane cleaning strategy used for AnMBR1 indicated that the membrane restoration efficiency was 90.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Ji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Sakuma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jialing Ni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yisong Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Akito Ohtsu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Hojo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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Zang Y, Yang Y, Hu Y, Ngo HH, Wang XC, Li YY. Zero-valent iron enhanced anaerobic digestion of pre-concentrated domestic wastewater for bioenergy recovery: Characteristics and mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 310:123441. [PMID: 32361204 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pre-concentrated domestic wastewater (PDWW) rich in organic matters can be a suitable substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD) towards holistic resource and bioenergy recovery. Micron zero-valent iron (ZVI) was applied in designed batch experiments during anaerobic treatment of PDWW to verify its roles in performance enhancement and associated mechanisms. In the selected range of food to microorganism (F/M) ratio, 0.5 gCOD/gMLVSS was most appropriate as biomethane production potential (BMP) of 0.275 L CH4/gCOD was obtained. The optimal ZVI dosage at fixed F/M of 0.5 was 6 g/L, further enhancing the BMP by 15.2%. Furthermore, ZVI improved the hydrolysis process (producing more soluble organics) and regulated acidification process (affecting volatile fatty acids distribution). No obvious impact on acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis processes was noted with ZVI addition. ZVI based AD of the PDWW is promising for promoting the practical application of advanced domestic wastewater treatment strategy (pre-concentration plus anaerobic digestion).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yisong Hu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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Abstract
The concept of water resources recovery facilities (WRRFs) has gained more attention as a more sustainable substitute for the conventional activated sludge-based wastewater treatment plant (CAS-WWTPs). Anaerobic treatment is advantageous due to its lower energy use, limited sludge production, and higher recovery of the soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) from the received wastewater. In this article, a critical review of the proposed scheme for the anaerobic-based WRRF (An-WRRFs) is presented which is preceded with discussion of CAS-WWTPs limitations. In addition, the evolution of anaerobic treatment from being viewed as wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to WRRF is demonstrated. It is attained that, even though anaerobic WWTPs (An-WWTPs) have simple and low energy mainline and very limited sludge handling process, its limited removal and recovery capacity have been widely reported, especially in cold weather. On the other hand, in the An-WRRF, higher energy expenditures are employed by using membranes, dissolved methane recovery unit, and primary treatment (extra sludge handling). Yet, energy recovery in the form of biogas is notably increased, as well as the removal efficiency under moderate residence times. The three key challenges to be overcome are the low value of biogas, reducing the energy use associated with membranes, and maintaining high performance in full-scale, especially in cold weather.
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16
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Wang KM, Soares A, Jefferson B, Wang HY, Zhang LJ, Jiang SF, McAdam EJ. Establishing the mechanisms underpinning solids breakthrough in UASB configured anaerobic membrane bioreactors to mitigate fouling. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 176:115754. [PMID: 32247993 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the mechanisms for solids breakthrough in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) configured anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) have been described to establish design parameters to limit membrane fouling. As the sludge blanket develops, two periods can be identified: (i) an initial progressive enhancement in solids separation provided through sludge blanket clarification, via depth filtration, which sustains downstream membrane permeability; and (ii) sludge blanket destabilisation, which imposed solids breakthrough resulting in a loss in membrane permeability. The onset of sludge blanket destabilisation was identified earlier in the flocculent AnMBR, which was ascribed to an increased gas production, caused by hydrolysis within the sludge blanket at extended solids residence time. Whilst hydrolysis also induced higher gas productivity within the granular AnMBR, solids breakthrough was not evidently observed during this period, and was instead only observed as the sludge blanket approached the UASB overflow. However, solids breakthrough was observed earlier for both reactors when treating wastewater with lower temperatures. This was explained through characterisation of the settling velocity of discrete particles from the sludge blanket of both MBRs; solids washout was evidenced to be induced by the increase in fluid viscosity with a reduction in temperature, which lowered terminal particle settling velocity. Nevertheless, particle settling velocity was comparable for particles from both sludge blankets. We therefore propose that the enhanced stability imparted by the granular AnMBR is due to the higher inertial force of the dense granular sludge. From this study, we suggest that similarly low levels of membrane fouling can be achieved within flocculent AnMBR by managing solids retention time to constrain sludge bed height and excess hydrolysis, together with adopting an upflow velocity based on particle buoyancy at the lowest expected operating temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Cranfield Water Science Institute, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - A Soares
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - B Jefferson
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - H Y Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - L J Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - S F Jiang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - E J McAdam
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK.
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17
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Peña M, do Nascimento T, Gouveia J, Escudero J, Gómez A, Letona A, Arrieta J, Fdz-Polanco F. Anaerobic submerged membrane bioreactor (AnSMBR) treating municipal wastewater at ambient temperature: Operation and potential use for agricultural irrigation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 282:285-293. [PMID: 30875596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 496 L pilot scale anaerobic submerged membrane bioreactor (AnSMBR) for the treatment of municipal wastewater was evaluated during a year of stable operation at ambient (28-10 °C) temperature, and inoculated with mesophilic inoculum. The temperature was the main parameter affecting the process performance. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the effluent was around 150 mg O2/L in the summer period, operating with a volumetric loading rate (VLR) of 5 kg COD/m3 d and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8-10 h, with a specific methane production between 0.09 and 0.14 Nm3/kg CODremoved. However, during the winter season, an important increase of effluent COD was observed, and therefore the VLR was decreased to values around 1 kg COD/m3 d in order to recover the quality of the effluent. Biogas production was negligible in this period. The effluent complies with the parameters stipulated by Spanish law regarding the use of treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Peña
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Thiago do Nascimento
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Joao Gouveia
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Julián Escudero
- CADAGUA S.A., Crtra RM 714, km 3.5, 30520 Jumilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alicia Gómez
- I+D+i, CADAGUA S.A., Gran Vía 45, 8ª Planta, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alberto Letona
- I+D+i, CADAGUA S.A., Gran Vía 45, 8ª Planta, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier Arrieta
- I+D+i, CADAGUA S.A., Gran Vía 45, 8ª Planta, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Fernando Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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18
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Cho K, Seo KW, Shin SG, Lee S, Park C. Process stability and comparative rDNA/rRNA community analyses in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor with silicon carbide ceramic membrane applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:155-164. [PMID: 30798226 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of using a silicon carbide (SiC) anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor (AnCMBR) to co-manage domestic wastewater (DWW) and food waste recycling wastewater (FRW). A pilot-scale SiC-AnCMBR was put into operation for 140 days under two different organic loading rates (OLRs): 5 kg COD m-3 d-1 (OLR 5) and 3 kg COD m-3 d-1 (OLR 3). The organic removal efficiency was 93.5 ± 3.7% over the operational period. Methane production increased significantly after sludge re-seeding at OLR 3. rDNA and rRNA microbial results showed that the active archaeal community was affected by sludge re-seeding, whereas the active bacterial community was not, indicating that a shift in the active archaeal community was responsible for the increased methane production. Our results thus suggest that SiC-AnCMBRs are a promising option for co-managing DWW and FRW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungjin Cho
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Kyu Won Seo
- Small & Medium Enterprises Support Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Seung Gu Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52725, South Korea
| | - Seockheon Lee
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Chanhyuk Park
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea.
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19
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Song X, Luo W, Hai FI, Price WE, Guo W, Ngo HH, Nghiem LD. Resource recovery from wastewater by anaerobic membrane bioreactors: Opportunities and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:669-677. [PMID: 30245196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review examines the potential of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to serve as the core technology for simultaneous recovery of clean water, energy, and nutrient from wastewater. The potential is significant as AnMBR treatment can remove a board range of trace organic contaminants relevant to water reuse, convert organics in wastewater to biogas for subsequent energy production, and liberate nutrients to soluble forms (e.g. ammonia and phosphorus) for subsequent recovery for fertilizer production. Yet, there remain several significant challenges to the further development of AnMBR. These challenges evolve around the dilute nature of municipal wastewater, which entails the need for pre-concentrating wastewater prior to AnMBR, and hence, issues related to salinity build-up, accumulation of substances, membrane fouling, and membrane stability. Strategies to address these challenges are proposed and discussed. A road map for further research is also provided to guide future AnMBR development toward resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Song
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Wenhai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Faisal I Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - William E Price
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hao H Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
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20
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Pelaz L, Gómez A, Letona A, Garralón G, Fdz-Polanco M. Nitrogen removal in domestic wastewater. Effect of nitrate recycling and COD/N ratio. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 212:8-14. [PMID: 30138857 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A denitrification/nitrification pilot plant was designed, built and put into operation, treating the effluent of an anaerobic reactor. The operation of the plant examined the effect of the nitrate recycling and the COD/N ratio on the nitrogen and the remaining organic matter removal at 18 °C. The system consisted of a two-stage treatment process: anoxic and aerobic. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the system was 1 h for the anoxic bioreactor and 2 h for the aerobic one. The increase in the nitrate recycling ratio did not cause a significant improvement in the nitrogen removal due to the insufficient carbon source. The wastewater to be treated had a C/N ratio of 1.1 showing a lack of organic carbon. The addition of methanol was a key point in the denitrification process used as a model for the traditional wastewater by-pass in the WWTP. The maximum nitrogen and organic matter removal (87.1% and 96%, respectively) was achieved with a nitrate recycling ratio of 600% and a C/N of 8.25, adjusted by methanol addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pelaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales. Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, C/ Dr. Mergelina, s/n, P.C. 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - A Gómez
- CADAGUA S. A. Gran Vía 45-7, P. C. 48011, Bilbao, Spain
| | - A Letona
- CADAGUA S. A. Gran Vía 45-7, P. C. 48011, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - M Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales. Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, C/ Dr. Mergelina, s/n, P.C. 47011, Valladolid, Spain
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21
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Chen Z, Xu J, Hu D, Cui Y, Wu P, Ge H, Jia F, Xiao T, Li X, Su H, Wang H, Zhang Y. Performance and kinetic model of degradation on treating pharmaceutical solvent wastewater at psychrophilic condition by a pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:319-328. [PMID: 30195224 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was operated for 435 days in this study, aiming to treat pharmaceutical solvent wastewater containing m-Cresol (MC), isopropanol (IPA) and N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) pollutants at different temperatures of 35 ± 3 °C, 25 ± 3 °C, 15 ± 3 °C and 25 ± 3 °C, respectively. The reactor reached average total removal efficiencies of about 96%, 97.2% and 98% of MC, IPA and DMF at psychrophilic condition (15 ± 3 °C). Higher physical removal rate was obtained at 15 ± 3 °C due to the important contribution of membrane filtration. At this stage, the biogas production, methane content and specific methanogenic activity and extracellular polymeric substances of suspended sludge were observed with the lowest level. Moreover, the kinetic models for solvent degradation were established at different temperatures, results showed the smaller maximum specific substrate degradation rate of MC and IPA, besides, the lowest degradation rate of three solvents were obtained at 15 ± 3 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobo Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Xincheng Street 5088, ChangChun 130118, China
| | - Jiao Xu
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Dongxue Hu
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China.
| | - Yubo Cui
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Pan Wu
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Hui Ge
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Fuquan Jia
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Xincheng Street 5088, ChangChun 130118, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Haiyan Su
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Haixu Wang
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, HarBin 150030, China
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22
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Lei Z, Yang S, Li YY, Wen W, Wang XC, Chen R. Application of anaerobic membrane bioreactors to municipal wastewater treatment at ambient temperature: A review of achievements, challenges, and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 267:756-768. [PMID: 30030048 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review surveys the implementation of anaerobic membrane bioreactors in municipal wastewater treatment at ambient temperature. High chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies and methane conversion rates were achieved under various conditions, while also achieving a low sludge yield of 0.04-0.09 g volatile suspended solids (VSS)/g COD. A survey of energy demands for pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactors showed that they could be energy neutral or even positive, even though high energy (0.08-0.35 kWh/m3) is required to clear membrane fouling. Thus, the use of anaerobic membrane bioreactors in municipal wastewater treatment at ambient temperature is very promising. However, some challenges such as membrane fouling control, methane in effluent, low COD/SO42--S ratio, and deficiencies in alkalinity should be addressed, especially the latter. Future research perspectives relating to the challenges and further research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lei
- International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Shuming Yang
- International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Wen Wen
- International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
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23
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Wang K, Cingolani D, Eusebi A, Soares A, Jefferson B, McAdam E. Identification of gas sparging regimes for granular anaerobic membrane bioreactor to enable energy neutral municipal wastewater treatment. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Pelaz L, Gómez A, Garralón G, Letona A, Fdz-Polanco M. Recirculation of gas emissions to achieve advanced denitrification of the effluent from the anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:758-763. [PMID: 29223868 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A denitrifying pilot plant was designed, constructed and operated for more than five months. The plant treated domestic wastewater with high ammonium nitrogen concentration, which had previously undergone an anaerobic process at 18 °C. The process consisted of one biofilter with 2 h of hydraulic retention time for denitritation. Different synthetic nitrite concentrations were supplied to the anoxic reactor to simulate the effluent of a nitritation process. This work investigates the advanced denitritation of wastewater using the organic matter and other alternative electron donors present in an anaerobic treatment process effluent: methane and sulfide. The denitrifying bacteria were able to treat wastewater at an inlet nitrite concentration of 75 mg NO2--N/L with a removal efficiency of 92.9%. When the inlet nitrite concentration was higher, the recirculation of the gas from the top of the anoxic reactor was successful to enhance the nitrite removal, achieving a NO2- elimination efficiency of 98.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pelaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, C/ Dr. Mergelina, s/n. 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - A Gómez
- CADAGUA S. A., Gran Vía 45-7, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - A Letona
- CADAGUA S. A., Gran Vía 45-7, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - M Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, C/ Dr. Mergelina, s/n. 47011, Valladolid, Spain
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25
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Shin C, Bae J. Current status of the pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor treatments of domestic wastewaters: A critical review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:1038-1046. [PMID: 28919476 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This review presented the performances of the pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) treating domestic wastewater. High COD removal efficiencies and low biosolids productions were achieved at HRTs comparable to conventional aerobic processes under ambient temperatures. The energy demands for fouling control in the pilot-scale AnMBRs ranged from 0.04 to 1.35kWh/m3, which is lower than those of lab-scale AnMBRs and aerobic MBRs. The energy demands for fouling control were in the order of gas sparging>particle sparging>rotating membrane AnMBR. Two major factors affecting the energy demand in gas sparging AnMBRs were specific gas demands (SGDm) and operating flux. The energy potentials in wastewater were significantly affected by the influent sulfate concentrations. Energy balances indicated that five out of nine pilot-scale AnMBRs was energy positive. However, further improvements of the AnMBRs are required to implement the energy positive wastewater treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chungheon Shin
- Dept. of Environ. Eng., Inha University, Namgu, Inharo 100, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Bae
- Dept. of Environ. Eng., Inha University, Namgu, Inharo 100, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Pelaz L, Gómez A, Garralón G, Letona A, Fdz-Polanco M. Denitrification of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) effluent with alternative electron donors in domestic wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:1173-1179. [PMID: 28810505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A fixed film bioreactor for the denitrification of the effluent from an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating domestic wastewater was designed, built and investigated. After anaerobic treatment, the wastewater usually has a low C/N ratio (∼1.3), and a remaining chemical oxygen demand of around 117mg O2/L, which is not enough to make conventional heterotrophic denitrification possible. That effluent also holds methane and sulfide dissolved and oversaturated after leaving the AnMBR. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using these reduced compounds as electron donors in order to remove 80mg NOx--N/L at 18°C and 2h of hydraulic retention time. In addition, the influence of the NO2-/NO3- ratios in the feed was studied. Total nitrogen removal was achieved in all the cases studied, except for a feed with 100% NO3-. Methane was the main electron donor used to remove the nitrites and nitrates, with a participation rate of over 70%.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pelaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, C/Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - A Gómez
- CADAGUA S.A., Gran Vía 45-7, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - A Letona
- CADAGUA S.A., Gran Vía 45-7, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - M Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Dr. Mergelina, University of Valladolid, C/Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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27
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Düppenbecker B, Engelhart M, Cornel P. Fouling mitigation in Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor using fluidized glass beads: Evaluation fitness for purpose of ceramic membranes. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Zhen G, Lu X, Kobayashi T, Su L, Kumar G, Bakonyi P, He Y, Sivagurunathan P, Nemestóthy N, Xu K, Zhao Y. Continuous micro-current stimulation to upgrade methanolic wastewater biodegradation and biomethane recovery in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 180:229-238. [PMID: 28410503 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The dispersion of granules in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor represents a critical technical issue in methanolic wastewater treatment. In this study, the potentials of coupling a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) into an UASB reactor for improving methanolic wastewater biodegradation, long-term process stability and biomethane recovery were evaluated. The results indicated that coupling a MEC system was capable of improving the overall performance of UASB reactor for methanolic wastewater treatment. The combined system maintained the comparatively higher methane yield and COD removal efficiency over the single UASB process through the entire process, with the methane production at the steady-state conditions approaching 1504.7 ± 92.2 mL-CH4 L-1-reactor d-1, around 10.1% higher than the control UASB (i.e. 1366.4 ± 71.0 mL-CH4 L-1-reactor d-1). The further characterizations verified that the input of external power source could stimulate the metabolic activity of microbes and reinforced the EPS secretion. The produced EPS interacted with Fe2+/3+ liberated during anodic corrosion of iron electrode to create a gel-like three-dimensional [-Fe-EPS-]n matrix, which promoted cell-cell cohesion and maintained the structural integrity of granules. Further observations via SEM and FISH analysis demonstrated that the use of bioelectrochemical stimulation promoted the growth and proliferation of microorganisms, which diversified the degradation routes of methanol, convert the wasted CO2 into methane and accordingly increased the process stability and methane productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyin Zhen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Rd. 500, Shanghai, 200241, PR China; Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Xueqin Lu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Takuro Kobayashi
- Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Lianghu Su
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, 210042, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Péter Bakonyi
- Research Institute on Bioengineering, Membrane Technology and Energetics, University of Pannonia, Egyetem ut 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Yan He
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Rd. 500, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Periyasamy Sivagurunathan
- Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Nándor Nemestóthy
- Research Institute on Bioengineering, Membrane Technology and Energetics, University of Pannonia, Egyetem ut 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Kaiqin Xu
- Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Youcai Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
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29
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Ruigómez I, González E, Guerra S, Rodríguez-Gómez LE, Vera L. Evaluation of a novel physical cleaning strategy based on HF membrane rotation during the backwashing/relaxation phases for anaerobic submerged MBR. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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