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Facure MHM, Gahramanova G, Zhang D, Zhang T, Shuck CE, Mercante LA, Correa DS, Gogotsi Y. All-MXene electronic tongue for neurotransmitters detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 262:116526. [PMID: 38954905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters (NTs) are molecules produced by neurons that act as the body's chemical messengers. Their abnormal levels in the human system have been associated with many disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, which makes the monitoring of NTs fundamentally important. Specifically for clinical analysis and understanding of brain behavior, simultaneous detection of NTs at low levels quickly and reliably is imperative for disease prevention and early diagnosis. However, the methods currently employed are usually invasive or inappropriate for multiple NTs detection. Herein, we developed a MXene-based impedimetric electronic tongue (e-tongue) for sensitive NT monitoring, using Nb2C, Nb4C3, Mo2C, and Mo2Ti2C3 MXenes as sensing units of the e-tongue, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as the data treatment method. The high specific surface area, distinct electrical properties, and chemical stability of the MXenes gave rise to high sensitivity and good reproducibility of the sensor array toward NT detection. Specifically, the e-tongue detected and differentiated multiple NTs (acetylcholine, dopamine, glycine, glutamate, histamine, and tyrosine) at concentrations as low as 1 nmol L-1 and quantified NTs present in a mixture. Besides, analyses performed with interferents and actual samples confirmed the system's potential to be used in clinical diagnostics. The results demonstrate that the MXene-based e-tongue is a suitable, rapid, and simple method for NT monitoring with high accuracy and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo H M Facure
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, 13560-970, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; PPGQ, Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gulnaz Gahramanova
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; French-Azerbaijani University, 183 Nizami Str., AZ1000, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Danzhen Zhang
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Teng Zhang
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher E Shuck
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Luiza A Mercante
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), 40170-280, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Correa
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, 13560-970, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; PPGQ, Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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2
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Alizadeh Z, Mazloum-Ardakani M, Asadpour F, Yavari M. Highly Efficient Enzyme-Free Glutamate Sensors Using Porous Network Metal-Organic Framework-Ni-NiO-Ni-Carbon Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59246-59257. [PMID: 38102092 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces an innovative electrochemical sensor designed to detect glutamate using a nonenzymatic approach. The sensor utilizes a porous network metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF)-NiO-Ni-Carbon nanocomposite (PNM-NiO-Ni-Carbon) as an electrode modifier, which was synthesized and assessed for its effectiveness. Cyclic voltammetry measurements demonstrated that the PNM-NiO-Ni-Carbon nanocomposite, synthesized at 450 °C, displayed remarkable electrocatalytic activity for glutamate oxidation. The linear range for detection spanned from 5 to 960 μmol/L, and the sensor achieved a low detection limit of 320 nmol/L (S/N = 3), which was comparable to previously reported data. Moreover, the sensor exhibited high accuracy and favorable recovery rates when tested with real samples, thus, demonstrating its potential for rapid glutamate detection. The real samples were analyzed using both electrochemical and high-performance liquid chromatography methods, and the results obtained from the two methods did not differ significantly, validating the sensor's excellent practical performance. Based on our findings, the PNM-NiO-Ni-Carbon system exhibits potential for a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 89195-741, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 89195-741, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Farzaneh Asadpour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 89195-741, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, 312 College Drive 404 Crosley Tower, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Mozhgan Yavari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 89195-741, Islamic Republic of Iran
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3
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Kimble L, Twiddy JS, Berger JM, Forderhase AG, McCarty GS, Meitzen J, Sombers LA. Simultaneous, Real-Time Detection of Glutamate and Dopamine in Rat Striatum Using Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4091-4100. [PMID: 37962541 PMCID: PMC10683757 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate and dopamine (DA) represent two key contributors to striatal functioning, a region of the brain that is essential to motor coordination and motivated behavior. While electroanalytical techniques can be utilized for rapid, spatially resolved detection of DA in the interferent-rich brain environment, glutamate, a nonelectroactive analyte, cannot be directly detected using electroanalytical techniques. However, it can be probed using enzyme-based sensors, which generate an electroactive reporter in the presence of glutamate. The vast majority of glutamate biosensors have relied on amperometric sensing, which is an inherently nonselective detection technique. This approach necessitates the use of complex and performance-limiting modifications to ensure the desired single-analyte specificity. Here, we present a novel glutamate microbiosensor fabricated on a carbon-fiber microelectrode substrate and coupled with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) to enable the simultaneous quantification of glutamate and DA at single recording sites in the brain, which is impossible when using typical amperometric approaches. The glutamate microbiosensors were characterized for sensitivity, stability, and selectivity by using a voltammetric waveform optimized for the simultaneous detection of both species. The applicability of these sensors for the investigation of neural circuits was validated in the rat ventral striatum. Electrically evoked glutamate and DA release were recorded at single-micrometer-scale locations before and after pharmacological manipulation of glutamatergic signaling. Our novel glutamate microbiosensor advances the state of the art by providing a powerful tool for probing coordination between these two species in a way that has previously not been possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laney
C. Kimble
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jack S. Twiddy
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Joint
Department of Biomedical Engineering, North
Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jenna M. Berger
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Alexandra G. Forderhase
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Gregory S. McCarty
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - John Meitzen
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Leslie A. Sombers
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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4
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Bai Y, Jing Z, Ma R, Wan X, Liu J, Huang W. A critical review of enzymes immobilized on chitosan composites: characterization and applications. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1539-1567. [PMID: 37540309 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02914-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes with industrial significance are typically used in biological processes. However, instability, high sensitivity, and impractical recovery are the major drawbacks of enzymes in practical applications. In recent years, the immobilization technology has attracted wide attention to overcoming these restrictions and improving the efficiency of enzyme applications. Chitosan (CS) is a unique functional substance with biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and antibacterial properties. Chitosan composites are anticipated to be widely used in the near future for a variety of purposes, including as supports for enzyme immobilization, because of their advantages. Therefor this review explores the effects of the chitosan's structure, molecular weight, degree of deacetylation on the enzyme immobilized, effect of key factors, and the enzymes immobilized on chitosan based composites for numerous applications, including the fields of biosensor, biomedical science, food industry, environmental protection, and industrial production. Moreover, this study carefully investigates the advantages and disadvantages of using these composites as well as their potential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Bai
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zongxian Jing
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwen Wan
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiting Huang
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
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5
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M. A Facile Method for the Fabrication of the Microneedle Electrode and Its Application in the Enzymatic Determination of Glutamate. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:828. [PMID: 37622914 PMCID: PMC10452303 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a simple method has been used in the fabrication of a microneedle electrode (MNE). To do this, firstly, a commercial self-dissolving microneedle patch has been used to make a hard-polydimethylsiloxane-based micro-pore mold (MPM). Then, the pores of the MPM were filled with the conductive platinum (Pt) paste and cured in an oven. Afterward, the MNE made of platinum (Pt-MNE) was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To prove the electrochemical applicability of the Pt-MNE, the glutamate oxidase enzyme was immobilized on the surface of the electrode, to detect glutamate, using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) methods. The obtained results demonstrated that the fabricated biosensor could detect a glutamate concentration in the range of 10-150 µM. The limits of detection (LODs) (three standard deviations of the blank/slope) were also calculated to be 0.25 µM and 0.41 µM, using CV and CA, respectively. Furthermore, the Michaelis-Menten constant (KMapp) of the biosensor was calculated to be 296.48 µM using a CA method. The proposed biosensor was finally applied, to detect the glutamate concentration in human serum samples. The presented method for the fabrication of the mold signifies a step further toward the fabrication of a microneedle electrode.
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6
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Li S, Zhang H, Zhu M, Kuang Z, Li X, Xu F, Miao S, Zhang Z, Lou X, Li H, Xia F. Electrochemical Biosensors for Whole Blood Analysis: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37262362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Whole blood, as one of the most significant biological fluids, provides critical information for health management and disease monitoring. Over the past 10 years, advances in nanotechnology, microfluidics, and biomarker research have spurred the development of powerful miniaturized diagnostic systems for whole blood testing toward the goal of disease monitoring and treatment. Among the techniques employed for whole-blood diagnostics, electrochemical biosensors, as known to be rapid, sensitive, capable of miniaturization, reagentless and washing free, become a class of emerging technology to achieve the target detection specifically and directly in complex media, e.g., whole blood or even in the living body. Here we are aiming to provide a comprehensive review to summarize advances over the past decade in the development of electrochemical sensors for whole blood analysis. Further, we address the remaining challenges and opportunities to integrate electrochemical sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Man Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhujun Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Siyuan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zishuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoding Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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7
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Urbanowicz M, Sadowska K, Lemieszek B, Paziewska-Nowak A, Sołdatowska A, Dawgul M, Pijanowska DG. Effect of dendrimer-based interlayers for enzyme immobilization on a model electrochemical sensing system for glutamate. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 152:108407. [PMID: 36917883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss dendrimer usage in enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors, particularly with respect to biomolecule loading on the sensing surface. A novel approach to design bioactive layers with immobilized enzymes for electrochemical biosensors using the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method in combination with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was presented. The gold surface was modified with linear linkers (various mercaptoalkanoic acids and aminoalkanethiols) and poly(amidoamine) dendrimers from the first- to fifth-generation. The best functionalization procedure was established by detailed SPR studies and transferred onto gold electrodes to electrochemically examine the model enzymatic reaction catalysed by glutamate oxidase. In the case of the chronoamperometric method, the determined sensitivity was 3.36 ± 0.08 μA∙mM-1, and the low limit of detection (LOD) was 1.52 μM. Comparing the sensitivity and LOD obtained for CV measurements, the values of these parameters were 2.5 times higher and 4 times lower, respectively, for the fourth-generation dendrimer-based biosensor and the biosensor with a linear linker. The positive impact of the dendrimer interlayer on the long-term enzyme activity was also confirmed. The research results indicate the possibility of a significant increase in the sensor response using the dendrimer itself without enriching it with electrochemical components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Urbanowicz
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamila Sadowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Lemieszek
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Paziewska-Nowak
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sołdatowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Dawgul
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota G Pijanowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Batra B, Yadav S, Kalra V, Sharma M, Rana J. An electrochemical biosensor for the determination of folic acid in pregnant women based on DHFR/c-MWCNTs/TiO2NPs modified gold electrode. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2023.100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
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9
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Construction of minitype glutamate sensor for in vivo monitoring of L-glutamate in plant. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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A biosensor based on oriented immobilization of an engineered L-glutamate oxidase on a screen-printed microchip for detection of L-glutamate in fermentation processes. Food Chem 2022; 405:134792. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Vasudevan M, Perumal V, Karuppanan S, Ovinis M, Bothi Raja P, Gopinath SCB, Immanuel Edison TNJ. A Comprehensive Review on Biopolymer Mediated Nanomaterial Composites and Their Applications in Electrochemical Sensors. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-24. [PMID: 36288094 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2135090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Biopolymers are an attractive green alternative to conventional polymers, owing to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, their amorphous and nonconductive nature limits their potential as active biosensor material/substrate. To enhance their bio-analytical performance, biopolymers are combined with conductive materials to improve their physical and chemical characteristics. We review the main advances in the field of electrochemical biosensors, specifically the structure, approach, and application of biopolymers, as well as their conjugation with conductive nanoparticles, polymers and metal oxides in green-based noninvasive analytical biosensors. In addition, we reviewed signal measurement, substrate bio-functionality, biochemical reaction, sensitivity, and limit of detection (LOD) of different biopolymers on various transducers. To date, pectin biopolymer, when conjugated with either gold nanoparticles, polypyrrole, reduced graphene oxide, or multiwall carbon nanotubes forming nanocomposites on glass carbon electrode transducer, tends to give the best LOD, highest sensitivity and can detect multiple analytes/targets. This review will spur new possibilities for the use of biosensors for medical diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugashini Vasudevan
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Veeradasan Perumal
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Saravanan Karuppanan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Mark Ovinis
- School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Pandian Bothi Raja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Kangar 01000 & Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Arau 02600, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
- Micro System Technology, Centre of Excellence (CoE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Pauh Campus, Perlis, Malaysia
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12
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Thakur A, Kumar A. Recent advances on rapid detection and remediation of environmental pollutants utilizing nanomaterials-based (bio)sensors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155219. [PMID: 35421493 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental safety has become a significant issue for the safety of living species, humans, and the ecosystem as a consequence of the harmful and detrimental consequences of various pollutants such as pesticides, heavy metals, dyes, etc., emitted into the surroundings. To resolve this issue, various efforts, legal acts, scientific and technological perspectives have been embraced, but still remain a global concern. Furthermore, due to non-portability, complex detection, and inappropriate on-site recognition of sophisticated laboratory tools, the real-time analysis of these environmental contaminants has been limited. As a result of innovative nano bioconjugation and nanofabrication techniques, nanotechnology enables enhanced nanomaterials (NMs) based (bio)sensors demonstrating ultra-sensitivity and a short detection time in real-time analysis, as well as superior sensitivity, reliability, and selectivity have been developed. Several researchers have demonstrated the potent detection of pollutants such as Hg2+ ion by the usage of AgNP-MD in electronic and optoelectronic methods with a detection limit of 5-45 μM which is quite significant. Taking into consideration of such tremendous research, herein, the authors have highlighted 21st-century strategies towards NMs based biosensor technology for pollutants detection, including nano biosensors, enzyme-based biosensors, electrochemical-based biosensors, carbon-based biosensors and optical biosensors for on-site identification and detection of target analytes. This article will provide a brief overview of the significance of utilizing NMs-based biosensors for the detection of a diverse array of hazardous pollutants, and a thorough understanding of the detection processes of NMs-based biosensors, as well as the limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) values, rendering researchers to focus on the world's need for a sustainable earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinay Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India; NCE, Department of Science and Technology, Government of Bihar, India.
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13
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An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor based on in-situ growth of CuWO4 nanoparticles on MoS2 and chitosan-gold nanoparticles for cortisol detection. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Porous Carbon Boosted Non-Enzymatic Glutamate Detection with Ultra-High Sensitivity in Broad Range Using Cu Ions. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12121987. [PMID: 35745326 PMCID: PMC9230436 DOI: 10.3390/nano12121987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
A non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor, based on the electrode of a chitosan-derived carbon foam, has been successfully developed for the detection of glutamate. Attributed to the chelation of Cu ions and glutamate molecules, the glutamate could be detected in an amperometric way by means of the redox reactions of chelation compounds, which outperform the traditional enzymatic sensors. Moreover, due to the large electroactive surface area and effective electron transportation of the porous carbon foam, a remarkable electrochemical sensitivity up to 1.9 × 104 μA/mM∙cm2 and a broad-spectrum detection range from nM to mM scale have been achieved, which is two-orders of magnitude higher and one magnitude broader than the best reported values thus far. Furthermore, our reported glutamate detection system also demonstrates a desirable anti-interference ability as well as a durable stability. The experimental revelations show that the Cu ions chelation-assisted electrochemical sensor with carbon foam electrode has significant potential for an easy fabricating, enzyme-free, broad-spectrum, sensitive, anti-interfering, and stable glutamate-sensing platform.
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15
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Zare I, Yaraki MT, Speranza G, Najafabadi AH, Haghighi AS, Nik AB, Manshian BB, Saraiva C, Soenen SJ, Kogan MJ, Lee JW, Apollo NV, Bernardino L, Araya E, Mayer D, Mao G, Hamblin MR. Gold nanostructures: synthesis, properties, and neurological applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2601-2680. [PMID: 35234776 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01111a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in technology are expected to increase our current understanding of neuroscience. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials can alter and control neural functionality in both in vitro and in vivo experimental setups. The intersection between neuroscience and nanoscience may generate long-term neural interfaces adapted at the molecular level. Owing to their intrinsic physicochemical characteristics, gold nanostructures (GNSs) have received much attention in neuroscience, especially for combined diagnostic and therapeutic (theragnostic) purposes. GNSs have been successfully employed to stimulate and monitor neurophysiological signals. Hence, GNSs could provide a promising solution for the regeneration and recovery of neural tissue, novel neuroprotective strategies, and integrated implantable materials. This review covers the broad range of neurological applications of GNS-based materials to improve clinical diagnosis and therapy. Sub-topics include neurotoxicity, targeted delivery of therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS), neurochemical sensing, neuromodulation, neuroimaging, neurotherapy, tissue engineering, and neural regeneration. It focuses on core concepts of GNSs in neurology, to circumvent the limitations and significant obstacles of innovative approaches in neurobiology and neurochemistry, including theragnostics. We will discuss recent advances in the use of GNSs to overcome current bottlenecks and tackle technical and conceptual challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Zare
- Research and Development Department, Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies Co. Ltd., Shiraz 7178795844, Iran
| | | | - Giorgio Speranza
- CMM - FBK, v. Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy.,IFN - CNR, CSMFO Lab., via alla Cascata 56/C Povo, 38123 Trento, Italy.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, v. Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Alireza Hassani Najafabadi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alireza Shourangiz Haghighi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Modarres Boulevard, 13876-71557, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirala Bakhshian Nik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Bella B Manshian
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cláudia Saraiva
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Rua Marques d'Avila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilha, Portugal
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Universidad de Chile, 8380492 Santiago, Chile
| | - Jee Woong Lee
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Neurophysiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751 23, Sweden
| | - Nicholas V Apollo
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Liliana Bernardino
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Rua Marques d'Avila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilha, Portugal
| | - Eyleen Araya
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. Republica 275, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany
| | - Guangzhao Mao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Center, University of Johannesburg, Doorfontein 2028, South Africa.
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16
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Yan Z, Yang X, Hua Y, Li Z, Liu Y, Lin Y. An impedance sensor based on chitosan-carbon quantum dots for the detection sialic acid in humuan serum. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Liu J, Fan Y, Chen G, Liu Y. Highly sensitive glutamate biosensor based on platinum nanoparticles decorated MXene-Ti3C2Tx for l-glutamate determination in foodstuffs. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Soon GH, Deasy M, Dempsey E. An Electrochemical Evaluation of Novel Ferrocene Derivatives for Glutamate and Liver Biomarker Biosensing. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:254. [PMID: 34436056 PMCID: PMC8392419 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present an evaluation of two new monosubstituted ferrocene (Fc) derivatives, 3-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)propanamidoferrocene and 1-hydroxy-2-[2-(thiophen-3-yl)-ethylamino]ethylferrocene, as glutamate oxidase mediators, together with their preparation and characterisation. Taking into consideration the influence of the electronic effects of substituents on the redox potentials of the Fc species, two candidates with pyrrole or thiophene moieties were proposed for investigation. Film studies involved potential sweeping in the presence of pyrrole or 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers resulting in stable electroactive films with % signal loss upon cycling ranging from 1 to 7.82% and surface coverage (Γ) 0.47-1.15 × 10-9 mol/cm2 for films formed under optimal conditions. Construction of a glutamate oxidase modified electrode resulted in second-generation biosensing with the aid of both cyclic voltammetry and hydrodynamic amperometry, resulting in glutamate sensitivity of 0.86-1.28 μA/mM and Km (app) values over the range 3.67-5.01 mM. A follow-up enzyme assay for liver biomarker γ-glutamyl transpeptidase realised unmediated and mediated measurement establishing reaction and incubation time investigations and a realising response over <100 U/L γ-glutamyl transpeptidase with a sensitivity of 5 nA/UL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geok Hong Soon
- Centre of Applied Science for Health (CASH), Technological University of Dublin, Tallaght, D24 FKT9 Dublin, Ireland; (G.H.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Mary Deasy
- Centre of Applied Science for Health (CASH), Technological University of Dublin, Tallaght, D24 FKT9 Dublin, Ireland; (G.H.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Eithne Dempsey
- Department of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health, Maynooth University, Maynooth, W23 F2H6 Co. Kildare, Ireland
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19
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Tan C, Robbins EM, Wu B, Cui XT. Recent Advances in In Vivo Neurochemical Monitoring. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:208. [PMID: 33670703 PMCID: PMC7922317 DOI: 10.3390/mi12020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The brain is a complex network that accounts for only 5% of human mass but consumes 20% of our energy. Uncovering the mysteries of the brain's functions in motion, memory, learning, behavior, and mental health remains a hot but challenging topic. Neurochemicals in the brain, such as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, gliotransmitters, hormones, and metabolism substrates and products, play vital roles in mediating and modulating normal brain function, and their abnormal release or imbalanced concentrations can cause various diseases, such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. A wide range of techniques have been used to probe the concentrations of neurochemicals under normal, stimulated, diseased, and drug-induced conditions in order to understand the neurochemistry of drug mechanisms and develop diagnostic tools or therapies. Recent advancements in detection methods, device fabrication, and new materials have resulted in the development of neurochemical sensors with improved performance. However, direct in vivo measurements require a robust sensor that is highly sensitive and selective with minimal fouling and reduced inflammatory foreign body responses. Here, we review recent advances in neurochemical sensor development for in vivo studies, with a focus on electrochemical and optical probes. Other alternative methods are also compared. We discuss in detail the in vivo challenges for these methods and provide an outlook for future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (C.T.); (E.M.R.); (B.W.)
| | - Elaine M. Robbins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (C.T.); (E.M.R.); (B.W.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Bingchen Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (C.T.); (E.M.R.); (B.W.)
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Xinyan Tracy Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (C.T.); (E.M.R.); (B.W.)
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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20
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Minakshi P, Mohan H, Manjeet, Ravina, Brar B, Shafiq M, Pundir CS. Organic Polymer and Metal Nano-particle Based Composites for Improvement of the Analytical Performance of Electrochemical Biosensors. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1029-1041. [PMID: 32148195 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200309092957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) are described in the nanoscale and made from either pure metals or their compounds such as oxides. Metallic NPs have certain indistinct functional groups due to which these can bind with any type of ligand, antibody and drugs. Organic polymers, which conduct electricity, are called conducting polymers (intrinsically conducting polymers). They behave like semiconductors by exhibiting metallic conductivity. Process-ability is the major advantage of conducting polymers. Nanocomposite is a novel material having nano-fillers scattered in a matrix with morphology and interfacial characteristics of nano-composites including their individual property that influence their characteristics. Conducting polymers and NP composites can enhance the rate of electron transport between the current collector material (electrode) and the electrolyte; therefore they have been employed in the construction of improved electrochemical sensors such as amperometric, catalytic and potentiodynamic affinity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hari Mohan
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Manjeet
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Ravina
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Basanti Brar
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, LUVAS, Hisar, India
| | - Mohammad Shafiq
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - C S Pundir
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
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21
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Madhurantakam S, Karnam JB, Brabazon D, Takai M, Ahad IU, Balaguru Rayappan JB, Krishnan UM. "Nano": An Emerging Avenue in Electrochemical Detection of Neurotransmitters. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:4024-4047. [PMID: 33285063 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing importance of nanomaterials toward the detection of neurotransmitter molecules has been chronicled in this review. Neurotransmitters (NTs) are chemicals that serve as messengers in synaptic transmission and are key players in brain functions. Abnormal levels of NTs are associated with numerous psychotic and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, their sensitive and robust detection is of great significance in clinical diagnostics. For more than three decades, electrochemical sensors have made a mark toward clinical detection of NTs. The superiority of these electrochemical sensors lies in their ability to enable sensitive, simple, rapid, and selective determination of analyte molecules while remaining relatively inexpensive. Additionally, these sensors are capable of being integrated in robust, portable, and miniaturized devices to establish point-of-care diagnostic platforms. Nanomaterials have emerged as promising materials with significant implications for electrochemical sensing due to their inherent capability to achieve high surface coverage, superior sensitivity, and rapid response in addition to simple device architecture and miniaturization. Considering the enormous significance of the levels of NTs in biological systems and the advances in sensing ushered in with the integration of nanotechnology in electrochemistry, the analysis of NTs by employing nanomaterials as interface materials in various matrices has emerged as an active area of research. This review explores the advancements made in the field of electrochemical sensors for the sensitive and selective determination of NTs which have been described in the past two decades with a distinctive focus on extremely innovative attributes introduced by nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasya Madhurantakam
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Jayanth Babu Karnam
- School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Dermot Brabazon
- I-Form, Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Madoka Takai
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Inam Ul Ahad
- I-Form, Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India
- School of Arts, Science & Humanities, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India
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22
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Elugoke SE, Adekunle AS, Fayemi OE, Mamba BB, Nkambule TT, Sherif EM, Ebenso EE. Progress in electrochemical detection of neurotransmitters using carbon nanotubes/nanocomposite based materials: A chronological review. NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saheed E. Elugoke
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North‐West University (Mafikeng Campus) Mmabatho South Africa
- Department of Chemistry School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North‐West University (Mafikeng Campus) Mmabatho South Africa
| | - Abolanle S. Adekunle
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North‐West University (Mafikeng Campus) Mmabatho South Africa
- Department of Chemistry School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North‐West University (Mafikeng Campus) Mmabatho South Africa
- Department of Chemistry Obafemi Awolowo University PMB Ile‐Ife Nigeria
| | - Omolola E. Fayemi
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North‐West University (Mafikeng Campus) Mmabatho South Africa
- Department of Chemistry School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North‐West University (Mafikeng Campus) Mmabatho South Africa
| | - Bhekie B. Mamba
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit College of Science Engineering and Technology University of South Africa Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Thabo T.I. Nkambule
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit College of Science Engineering and Technology University of South Africa Johannesburg South Africa
| | - El‐Sayed M. Sherif
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM) King Saud University Al‐Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Electrochemistry and Corrosion Laboratory Department of Physical Chemistry National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Eno E. Ebenso
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North‐West University (Mafikeng Campus) Mmabatho South Africa
- Department of Chemistry School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North‐West University (Mafikeng Campus) Mmabatho South Africa
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit College of Science Engineering and Technology University of South Africa Johannesburg South Africa
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23
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A modified nanocomposite biosensor for quantitative l-glutamate detection in beef. Meat Sci 2020; 168:108185. [PMID: 32487350 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new biosensor for detecting l-glutamate (l-Glu) in beef was developed. Firstly, a bare Au electrode was surface-modified by gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), graphene oxide (GO), and chitosan (CS) as immobilized materials, and then its surface was connected with l-glutamate oxidase (GluOx). The modified Au NPs/GO/CS electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and the formation mechanism was elaborated. The response current of the l-Glu biosensor maximized to 0.08 mA at pH 7.5 and 0.09 mA at 30 °C, with a detection range of 0.2-1.4 mM and a detection limit of 0.023 mM. The l-Glu biosensor had high accuracy, and its results linearly fitted with those of the amino acid analyzer with a coefficient of 0.996. The l-Glu biosensor had high selectivity, repeatability, and stability and detected higher l-Glu content in the cooked beef than in the raw beef.
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24
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Zeynaloo E, Yang YP, Dikici E, Landgraf R, Bachas LG, Daunert S. Design of a mediator-free, non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensor for glutamate detection. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 31:102305. [PMID: 32992017 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A mediator-free, non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensor was constructed by covalent immobilization of a genetically engineered periplasmic glutamate binding protein onto gold nanoparticle-modified, screen-printed carbon electrodes (GluBP/AuNP/SPCE) for the purpose of direct measurement of glutamate levels. Glutamate serves as the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. As high levels of glutamate are an indicator of many neurologic disorders, there is a need for advancements in glutamate detection technologies. The biosensor was evaluated for glutamate detection by cyclic voltammetry. Binding of glutamate to the immobilized glutamate binding protein results in a conformational change of the latter that alters the microenvironment on the surface of the sensor, which is manifested as a change in signal. Dose-response plots correlating the electrochemical signal to glutamate concentration revealed a detection limit of 0.15 μM with a linear range of 0.1-0.8 μM. Selectivity studies confirmed a strong preferential response of the biosensor for glutamate against common interfering compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Zeynaloo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, , Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Yu-Ping Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, , Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States; Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Emre Dikici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, , Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States; Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Ralf Landgraf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, , Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Leonidas G Bachas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States; Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States.
| | - Sylvia Daunert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, , Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States; Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States; University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States.
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25
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Sun Y, Nguyen TNH, Anderson A, Cheng X, Gage TE, Lim J, Zhang Z, Zhou H, Rodolakis F, Zhang Z, Arslan I, Ramanathan S, Lee H, Chubykin AA. In Vivo Glutamate Sensing inside the Mouse Brain with Perovskite Nickelate-Nafion Heterostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:24564-24574. [PMID: 32383375 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate, one of the main neurotransmitters in the brain, plays a critical role in communication between neurons, neuronal development, and various neurological disorders. Extracellular measurement of neurotransmitters such as glutamate in the brain is important for understanding these processes and developing a new generation of brain-machine interfaces. Here, we demonstrate the use of a perovskite nickelate-Nafion heterostructure as a promising glutamate sensor with a low detection limit of 16 nM and a response time of 1.2 s via amperometric sensing. We have designed and successfully tested novel perovskite nickelate-Nafion electrodes for recording of glutamate release ex vivo in electrically stimulated brain slices and in vivo from the primary visual cortex (V1) of awake mice exposed to visual stimuli. These results demonstrate the potential of perovskite nickelates as sensing media for brain-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Sun
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Tran N H Nguyen
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Device, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Adam Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Thomas E Gage
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jongcheon Lim
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Device, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zhan Zhang
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Hua Zhou
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Fanny Rodolakis
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ilke Arslan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Shriram Ramanathan
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hyowon Lee
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Device, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Alexander A Chubykin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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26
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A Highly Sensitive Amperometric Glutamate Oxidase Microbiosensor Based on a Reduced Graphene Oxide/Prussian Blue Nanocube/Gold Nanoparticle Composite Film-Modified Pt Electrode. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20102924. [PMID: 32455706 PMCID: PMC7284453 DOI: 10.3390/s20102924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A simple method that relies only on an electrochemical workstation has been investigated to fabricate a highly sensitive glutamate microbiosensor for potential neuroscience applications. In this study, in order to develop the highly sensitive glutamate electrode, a 100 µm platinum wire was modified by the electrochemical deposition of gold nanoparticles, Prussian blue nanocubes, and reduced graphene oxide sheets, which increased the electroactive surface area; and the chitosan layer, which provided a suitable environment to bond the glutamate oxidase. The optimization of the fabrication procedure and analytical conditions is described. The modified electrode was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The results exhibited its excellent sensitivity for glutamate detection (LOD = 41.33 nM), adequate linearity (50 nM-40 µM), ascendant reproducibility (RSD = 4.44%), and prolonged stability (more than 30 repetitive potential sweeps, two-week lifespan). Because of the important role of glutamate in neurotransmission and brain function, this small-dimension, high-sensitivity glutamate electrode is a promising tool in neuroscience research.
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27
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Mobed A, Hasanzadeh M, Ahmadalipour A, Fakhari A. Recent advances in the biosensing of neurotransmitters: material and method overviews towards the biomedical analysis of psychiatric disorders. ANALYTICAL METHODS 2020; 12:557-575. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ay02390a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters are the most important messengers of the nervous system, and any changes in their balances and activities can cause serious neurological, psychiatric and cognitive disorders such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mobed
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- Student Research Committee
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadalipour
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- Student Research Committee
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Iran
| | - Ali Fakhari
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- Student Research Committee
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Iran
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28
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Carbon Nanotube-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Label-Free Protein Detection. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2019; 9:bios9040144. [PMID: 31861101 PMCID: PMC6956173 DOI: 10.3390/bios9040144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing need for biosensors that are capable of efficiently and rapidly quantifying protein biomarkers, both in the biological research and clinical setting. While accurate methods for protein quantification exist, the current assays involve sophisticated techniques, take long to administer and often require highly trained personnel for execution and analysis. Herein, we explore the development of a label-free biosensor for the detection and quantification of a standard protein. The developed biosensors comprise carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a specific antibody and cellulose filtration paper. The change in electrical resistance of the CNT-based biosensor system was used to sense a standard protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a proof-of-concept. The developed biosensors were found to have a limit of detection of 2.89 ng/mL, which is comparable to the performance of the typical ELISA method for BSA quantification. Additionally, the newly developed method takes no longer than 10 min to perform, greatly reducing the time of analysis compared to the traditional ELISA technique. Overall, we present a versatile, affordable, simplified and rapid biosensor device capable of providing great benefit to both biological research and clinical diagnostics.
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Kucherenko IS, Soldatkin OO, Kucherenko DY, Soldatkina OV, Dzyadevych SV. Advances in nanomaterial application in enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors: a review. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4560-4577. [PMID: 36133111 PMCID: PMC9417062 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00491b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors are one of the largest and commercially successful groups of biosensors. Integration of nanomaterials in the biosensors results in significant improvement of biosensor sensitivity, limit of detection, stability, response rate and other analytical characteristics. Thus, new functional nanomaterials are key components of numerous biosensors. However, due to the great variety of available nanomaterials, they should be carefully selected according to the desired effects. The present review covers the recent applications of various types of nanomaterials in electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors for the detection of small biomolecules, environmental pollutants, food contaminants, and clinical biomarkers. Benefits and limitations of using nanomaterials for analytical purposes are discussed. Furthermore, we highlight specific properties of different nanomaterials, which are relevant to electrochemical biosensors. The review is structured according to the types of nanomaterials. We describe the application of inorganic nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs), zeolites, inorganic quantum dots, and organic nanomaterials, such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), carbon and graphene quantum dots, graphene, fullerenes, and calixarenes. Usage of composite nanomaterials is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Kucherenko
- Department of Biomolecular Electronics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Zabolotnogo Street 150 Kyiv 03143 Ukraine
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA
| | - O O Soldatkin
- Department of Biomolecular Electronics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Zabolotnogo Street 150 Kyiv 03143 Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 64 Kyiv 01003 Ukraine
| | - D Yu Kucherenko
- Department of Biomolecular Electronics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Zabolotnogo Street 150 Kyiv 03143 Ukraine
| | - O V Soldatkina
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 64 Kyiv 01003 Ukraine
- F. D. Ovcharenko Institute of Biocolloidal Chemistry Acad. Vernadskoho Blvd. 42 Kyiv 03142 Ukraine
| | - S V Dzyadevych
- Department of Biomolecular Electronics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Zabolotnogo Street 150 Kyiv 03143 Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 64 Kyiv 01003 Ukraine
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Gerent GG, Spinelli A. Ag-Au core-partial shell bimetallic nanoparticles applied in electrochemical determination of the potential endocrine disruptor oryzalin. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Hassanpour S, Saadati A, Hasanzadeh M. Sensitive monitoring of riboflavin in commercial multivitamins using poly (chitosan)‐based nanocomposite. J Mol Recognit 2019; 33:e2817. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soodabeh Hassanpour
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research CenterTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Arezoo Saadati
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research CenterTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research CenterTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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32
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Novel biomaterial based on monoamine oxidase-A and multi-walled carbon nanotubes for serotonin detection. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Sharma M, Yadav P, Sharma M. Novel electrochemical sensing of galactose using GalOxNPs/CHIT modified pencil graphite electrode. Carbohydr Res 2019; 483:107749. [PMID: 31374378 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For the construction of galactose biosensor, chitosan was electropolymerised onto the pencil graphite electrode. This chitosan modified pencil graphite electrode acts as good matrix for immobilization of enzyme nanoparticles of galactose oxidase. Development of this nanocomposite was further confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The presence of chitosan makes the present galactose biosensor more efficient, reproducible and stable. The sensitivity was reported 7 × 10-3 mA/mM/cm2 with linear range from 0.05 to 25 mM and better detection limit of 0.05 mM. When the solution of galactose was spiked with 0.5 mM and 1 mM, the analytical recoveries were found 98.6% and 97.6%. A better storage stability was achieved (90days) when compared to earlier reported biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Minakshi Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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Meng Y, Song Y, Guo C, Cui B, Ji H, Ma Z. Tailoring the dimensionality of carbon nanostructures as highly electrochemical supports for detection of carcinoembryonic antigens. RSC Adv 2019; 9:13431-13443. [PMID: 35519587 PMCID: PMC9063882 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01847f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Partially- and fully-unzipped nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) were prepared by unzipping pristine NCNTs and three carbon nanostructures were applied to support Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) to form nanocomposites (Au/NCNTs, Au/PU-NCNTs, and Au/FU-NCNTs). The electrochemical behavior and the electrocatalytic activities of the nanocomposite-modified electrodes were examined. The oxygen functional groups, doped N content, and AuNP loaded concentrations are dependent on the unzipping-degree and then affect the electrochemical response and electrocatalytic performance of the electrodes. Besides, the three nanocomposites were also used for the immobilization of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) aptamer strands and applied for the detection of CEA. The Au/FU-NCNTs possess the optimal electrocatalytic activity and biosensing performance for the biomolecules and CEA, which is attributed to the maximum loaded AuNPs, the largest specific surface areas and the most active sites. The Au/FU-NCNT-based electrochemical aptasensor exhibits high sensitivity with a low detection limit of 6.84 pg mL-1 within a broad linear range of CEA concentration from 0.01 to 10 ng mL-1. All of these results indicate that the Au/FU-NCNTs may be a potential support for construction of aptasensors with high electrochemical effect and can be employed in the fields of biosensing or biomedical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Meng
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Henan University of Engineering No. 1, Xianghe Road, Longhu Town Zhengzhou Henan 451191 P. R. China
| | - Yingpan Song
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Chuanpan Guo
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Cui
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Ji
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Zongzheng Ma
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Henan University of Engineering No. 1, Xianghe Road, Longhu Town Zhengzhou Henan 451191 P. R. China
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Tavakolian-Ardakani Z, Hosu O, Cristea C, Mazloum-Ardakani M, Marrazza G. Latest Trends in Electrochemical Sensors for Neurotransmitters: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E2037. [PMID: 31052309 PMCID: PMC6539656 DOI: 10.3390/s19092037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemical messengers which play an important role in many of the brain functions, abnormal levels being correlated with physical, psychotic and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease. Therefore, their sensitive and robust detection is of great clinical significance. Electrochemical methods have been intensively used in the last decades for neurotransmitter detection, outclassing more complicated analytical techniques such as conventional spectrophotometry, chromatography, fluorescence, flow injection, and capillary electrophoresis. In this manuscript, the most successful and promising electrochemical enzyme-free and enzymatic sensors for neurotransmitter detection are reviewed. Focusing on the activity of worldwide researchers mainly during the last ten years (2010-2019), without pretending to be exhaustive, we present an overview of the progress made in sensing strategies during this time. Particular emphasis is placed on nanostructured-based sensors, which show a substantial improvement of the analytical performances. This review also examines the progress made in biosensors for neurotransmitter measurements in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tavakolian-Ardakani
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 89195-741, Iran.
| | - Oana Hosu
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Pasteur 4 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cecilia Cristea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Pasteur 4 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | | | - Giovanna Marrazza
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
- Instituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Unit of Florence, Viale delle Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy.
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36
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Biosensors for Epilepsy Management: State-of-Art and Future Aspects. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19071525. [PMID: 30925837 PMCID: PMC6480455 DOI: 10.3390/s19071525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder which affects every aspect of patients’ life, including added socio-economic burden. Unfortunately, only a few suppressive medicines are available, and a complete cure for the disease has not been found yet. Excluding the effectiveness of available therapies, the timely detection and monitoring of epilepsy are of utmost priority for early remediation and prevention. Inability to detect underlying epileptic signatures at early stage causes serious damage to the central nervous system (CNS) and irreversible detrimental variations in the organ system. Therefore, development of a multi-task solving novel smart biosensing systems is urgently required. The present review highlights advancements in state-of-art biosensing technology investigated for epilepsy diseases diagnostics and progression monitoring or both together. State of art epilepsy biosensors are composed of nano-enabled smart sensing platform integrated with micro/electronics and display. These diagnostics systems provide bio-information needed to understand disease progression and therapy optimization timely. The associated challenges related to the development of an efficient epilepsy biosensor and vision considering future prospects are also discussed in this report. This review will serve as a guide platform to scholars for understanding and planning of future research aiming to develop a smart bio-sensing system to detect and monitor epilepsy for point-of-care (PoC) applications.
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Highly sensitive amperometric detection of glutamate by glutamic oxidase immobilized Pt nanoparticle decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)/polypyrrole composite. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:307-314. [PMID: 30780080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective glutamate biosensor using glutamate Oxidase (GlUtOx) immobilized platinum nanoparticle (PtNP) decorated multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNTs)/polypyrrole (PPy) composite on glassy carbon electrodes (GC) is demonstrated. PtNP decorated MWCNTs (Pt-MWCNTs), PPy and Pt-MWCNTs/PPy composite were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis to confirm the formation of the nanocomposite. The glutamate Oxidase (GlUtOx) was immobilized on a GC/Pt-MWCNTs/PPy and characterized by the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. The fabricated L-glutamate biosensor exhibited high sensitivity (723.08 µA cm-2 mM-1) with less response time (3 s) with a detection limit of 0.88 µM. The dynamic range from 10 to 100 µM with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.985 was observed for the L-glutamate biosensor. The analytical recovery of added L-glutamate acid (50 and 100 μM) in human serum soup were 96.1% and 97.5% respectively. The enzyme immobilized GC/Pt-MWCNTs/PPy/GlUtOx bioelectrode lost 12.6% and 23.8% of its initial activity after 30 days when stored at - 20 °C and 4 °C respectively.
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Nguyen TNH, Nolan JK, Park H, Lam S, Fattah M, Page JC, Joe HE, Jun MBG, Lee H, Kim SJ, Shi R, Lee H. Facile fabrication of flexible glutamate biosensor using direct writing of platinum nanoparticle-based nanocomposite ink. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 131:257-266. [PMID: 30849725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate excitotoxicity is a pathology in which excessive glutamate can cause neuronal damage and degeneration. It has also been linked to secondary injury mechanisms in traumatic spinal cord injury. Conventional bioanalytical techniques used to characterize glutamate levels in vivo, such as microdialysis, have low spatiotemporal resolution, which has impeded our understanding of this dynamic event. In this study, we present an amperometric biosensor fabricated using a simple direct ink writing technique for the purpose of in vivo glutamate monitoring. The biosensor is fabricated by immobilizing glutamate oxidase on nanocomposite electrodes made of platinum nanoparticles, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and a conductive polymer on a flexible substrate. The sensor is designed to measure extracellular dynamics of glutamate and other potential biomarkers during a traumatic spinal cord injury event. Here we demonstrate good sensitivity and selectivity of these rapidly prototyped implantable biosensors that can be inserted into a spinal cord and measure extracellular glutamate concentration. We show that our biosensors exhibit good flexibility, linear range, repeatability, and stability that are suitable for future in vivo evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran N H Nguyen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Device, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - James K Nolan
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Device, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hyunsu Park
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Device, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Stephanie Lam
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Device, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mara Fattah
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jessica C Page
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hang-Eun Joe
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Martin B G Jun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hyungwoo Lee
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sang Joon Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Riyi Shi
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Device, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hyowon Lee
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Device, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Shadlaghani A, Farzaneh M, Kinser D, Reid RC. Direct Electrochemical Detection of Glutamate, Acetylcholine, Choline, and Adenosine Using Non-Enzymatic Electrodes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E447. [PMID: 30678261 PMCID: PMC6387276 DOI: 10.3390/s19030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-electroactive neurotransmitters such as glutamate, acetylcholine, choline, and adenosine play a critical role in proper activity of living organisms, particularly in the nervous system. While enzyme-based sensing of this type of neurotransmitter has been a research interest for years, non-enzymatic approaches are gaining more attention because of their stability and low cost. Accordingly, this focused review aims to give a summary of the state of the art of non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors used for detection of neurotransmitter that lack an electrochemically active component. In place of using enzymes, transition metal materials such as those based on nickel show an acceptable level of catalytic activity for neurotransmitter sensing. They benefit from fast electron transport properties and high surface energy and their catalytic activity can be much improved if their surface is modified with nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and platinum nanoparticles. However, a general comparison reveals that the performance of non-enzymatic biosensors is still lower than those that use enzyme-based methods. Nevertheless, their excellent stability demonstrates that non-enzymatic neurotransmitter sensors warrant additional research in order to advance them toward becoming an acceptable replacement for the more expensive enzyme-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Shadlaghani
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76209, USA.
| | - Mahsa Farzaneh
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76209, USA.
| | - Dacen Kinser
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76209, USA.
| | - Russell C Reid
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76209, USA.
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Construction of Multiple Switchable Sensors and Logic Gates Based on Carboxylated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Poly( N, N-Diethylacrylamide). SENSORS 2018; 18:s18103358. [PMID: 30297654 PMCID: PMC6211007 DOI: 10.3390/s18103358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, binary hydrogel films based on carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes/poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (c-MWCNTs/PDEA) were successfully polymerized and assembled on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode surface. The electroactive drug probes matrine and sophoridine in solution showed reversible thermal-, salt-, methanol- and pH-responsive switchable cyclic voltammetric (CV) behaviors at the film electrodes. The control experiments showed that the pH-responsive property of the system could be ascribed to the drug components of the solutions, whereas the thermal-, salt- and methanol-sensitive behaviors were attributed to the PDEA constituent of the films. The CV signals particularly, of matrine and sophoridine were significantly amplified by the electrocatalysis of c-MWCNTs in the films at 1.02 V and 0.91 V, respectively. Moreover, the addition of esterase, urease, ethyl butyrate, and urea to the solution also changed the pH of the system, and produced similar CV peaks as with dilution by HCl or NaOH. Based on these experiments, a 6-input/5-output logic gate system and 2-to-1 encoder were successfully constructed. The present system may lead to the development of novel types of molecular computing systems.
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Nanomaterials-Based Electrochemical Sensors for In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses of Neurotransmitters. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8091504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters are molecules that transfer chemical signals between neurons to convey messages for any action conducted by the nervous system. All neurotransmitters are medically important; the detection and analysis of these molecules play vital roles in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Among analytical strategies, electrochemical techniques have been identified as simple, inexpensive, and less time-consuming processes. Electrochemical analysis is based on the redox behaviors of neurotransmitters, as well as their metabolites. A variety of electrochemical techniques are available for the detection of biomolecules. However, the development of a sensing platform with high sensitivity and selectivity is challenging, and it has been found to be a bottleneck step in the analysis of neurotransmitters. Nanomaterials-based sensor platforms are fascinating for researchers because of their ability to perform the electrochemical analysis of neurotransmitters due to their improved detection efficacy, and they have been widely reported on for their sensitive detection of epinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, acetylcholine, nitric oxide, and purines. The advancement of electroanalytical technologies and the innovation of functional nanomaterials have been assisting greatly in in vivo and in vitro analyses of neurotransmitters, especially for point-of-care clinical applications. In this review, firstly, we focus on the most commonly employed electrochemical analysis techniques, in conjunction with their working principles and abilities for the detection of neurotransmitters. Subsequently, we concentrate on the fabrication and development of nanomaterials-based electrochemical sensors and their advantages over other detection techniques. Finally, we address the challenges and the future outlook in the development of electrochemical sensors for the efficient detection of neurotransmitters.
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Recent trends in analytical approaches for detecting neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's disease. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Chitosan: An undisputed bio-fabrication material for tissue engineering and bio-sensing applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 110:110-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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44
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Evaluation of novel Fmoc-tripeptide based hydrogels as immobilization supports for electrochemical biosensors. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Clay M, Monbouquette HG. A Detailed Model of Electroenzymatic Glutamate Biosensors To Aid in Sensor Optimization and in Applications in Vivo. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:241-251. [PMID: 29076724 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simulations conducted with a detailed model of glutamate biosensor performance describe the observed sensor performance well, illustrate the limits of sensor performance, and suggest a path toward sensor optimization. Glutamate is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, and electroenzymatic sensors have emerged as a useful tool for the monitoring of glutamate signaling in vivo. However, the utility of these sensors currently is limited by their sensitivity and response time. A mathematical model of a typical glutamate biosensor consisting of a Pt electrode coated with a permselective polymer film and a top layer of cross-linked glutamate oxidase has been constructed in terms of differential material balances on glutamate, H2O2, and O2 in one spatial dimension. Simulations suggest that reducing thicknesses of the permselective polymer and enzyme layers can increase sensitivity ∼6-fold and reduce response time ∼7-fold, and thereby improve resolution of transient glutamate signals. At currently employed enzyme layer thicknesses, both intrinsic enzyme kinetics and enzyme deactivation likely are masked by mass transfer. However, O2-dependence studies show essentially no reduction in signal at the lowest anticipated O2 concentrations for expected glutamate concentrations in the brain and that O2 transport limitations in vitro are anticipated only at glutamate concentrations in the mM range. Finally, the limitations of current biosensors in monitoring glutamate transients is simulated and used to illustrate the need for optimized biosensors to report glutamate signaling accurately on a subsecond time scale. This work demonstrates how a detailed model can be used to guide optimization of electroenzymatic sensors similar to that for glutamate and to ensure appropriate interpretation of data gathered using such biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Clay
- Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1592, United States
| | - Harold G. Monbouquette
- Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1592, United States
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Damiati S, Peacock M, Leonhardt S, Damiati L, Baghdadi MA, Becker H, Kodzius R, Schuster B. Embedded Disposable Functionalized Electrochemical Biosensor with a 3D-Printed Flow Cell for Detection of Hepatic Oval Cells (HOCs). Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E89. [PMID: 29443890 PMCID: PMC5852585 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic oval cells (HOCs) are considered the progeny of the intrahepatic stem cells that are found in a small population in the liver after hepatocyte proliferation is inhibited. Due to their small number, isolation and capture of these cells constitute a challenging task for immunosensor technology. This work describes the development of a 3D-printed continuous flow system and exploits disposable screen-printed electrodes for the rapid detection of HOCs that over-express the OV6 marker on their membrane. Multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) electrodes have a chitosan film that serves as a scaffold for the immobilization of oval cell marker antibodies (anti-OV6-Ab), which enhance the sensitivity of the biomarker and makes the designed sensor specific for oval cells. The developed sensor can be easily embedded into the 3D-printed flow cell to allow cells to be exposed continuously to the functionalized surface. The continuous flow is intended to increase capture of most of the target cells in the specimen. Contact angle measurements were performed to characterize the nature and quality of the modified sensor surface, and electrochemical measurements (cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV)) were performed to confirm the efficiency and selectivity of the fabricated sensor to detect HOCs. The proposed method is valuable for capturing rare cells and could provide an effective tool for cancer diagnosis and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Damiati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitecture, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | | | - Stefan Leonhardt
- Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Laila Damiati
- Centre for Cell Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
- Department of Biology, Jeddah University, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A Baghdadi
- Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Rimantas Kodzius
- Mathematics and Natural Sciences Department, The American University of Iraq, Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq.
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 80539 Munich, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Schuster
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitecture, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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Hasanzadeh M, Nahar AS, Hassanpour S, Shadjou N, Mokhtarzadeh A, Mohammadi J. Proline dehydrogenase-entrapped mesoporous magnetic silica nanomaterial for electrochemical biosensing of L-proline in biological fluids. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 105:64-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Teradal NL, Jelinek R. Carbon Nanomaterials in Biological Studies and Biomedicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28777502 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The "carbon nano-world" has made over the past few decades huge contributions in diverse scientific disciplines and technological advances. While dramatic advances have been widely publicized in using carbon nanomaterials such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene in materials sciences, nano-electronics, and photonics, their contributions to biology and biomedicine have been noteworthy as well. This Review focuses on the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and carbon quantum dots [encompassing graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carbon dots (C-dots)] in biologically oriented materials and applications. Examples of these remarkable nanomaterials in bio-sensing, cell- and tissue-imaging, regenerative medicine, and other applications are presented and discussed, emphasizing the significance of their unique properties and their future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagappa L. Teradal
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanotechnology; Ben Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Raz Jelinek
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanotechnology; Ben Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
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An ZZ, Li Z, Guo YY, Chen XL, Zhang KN, Zhang DX, Xue ZH, Zhou XB, Lu XQ. Preparation of chitosan/N-doped graphene natively grown on hierarchical porous carbon nanocomposite as a sensor platform for determination of tartrazine. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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50
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Celiešiūtė R, Radzevič A, Žukauskas A, Vaitekonis Š, Pauliukaite R. A Strategy to Employ Polymerised Riboflavin in the Development of Electrochemical Biosensors. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raimonda Celiešiūtė
- Department of Material Science and Technology; Center for Physical Sciences and Technology; Sauletekio Ave. 3 LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania
- Department of Nanoengineering; Center for Physical Sciences and Technology; Savanoriu Ave. 231 LT-02300 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Aneta Radzevič
- Department of Nanoengineering; Center for Physical Sciences and Technology; Savanoriu Ave. 231 LT-02300 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Airidas Žukauskas
- Department of Nanoengineering; Center for Physical Sciences and Technology; Savanoriu Ave. 231 LT-02300 Vilnius Lithuania
- Department of Laser Technologies; Center for Physical Sciences and Technology; Savanoriu Ave. 231 LT-02300 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Šarūnas Vaitekonis
- Department of Nanoengineering; Center for Physical Sciences and Technology; Savanoriu Ave. 231 LT-02300 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Rasa Pauliukaite
- Department of Nanoengineering; Center for Physical Sciences and Technology; Savanoriu Ave. 231 LT-02300 Vilnius Lithuania
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