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Bakute N, Andriukonis E, Kasperaviciute K, Dobilas J, Sapurov M, Mozolevskis G, Stirke A. Microphysiological system with integrated sensors to study the effect of pulsed electric field. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18713. [PMID: 39134607 PMCID: PMC11319666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69693-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the use of pulsed electric fields (PEF) in microfluidics for controlled cell studies. The commonly used material for soft lithography, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), does not fully ensure the necessary chemical and mechanical resistance in these systems. Integration of specific analytical measurement setups into microphysiological systems (MPS) are also challenging. We present an off-stoichiometry thiol-ene (OSTE)-based microchip, containing integrated electrodes for PEF and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurement and the equipment to monitor pH and oxygen concentration in situ. The effectiveness of the MPS was empirically demonstrated through PEF treatment of the C6 cells. The effects of PEF treatment on cell viability and permeability to the fluorescent dye DapI were tested in two modes: stop flow and continuous flow. The maximum permeability was achieved at 1.8 kV/cm with 16 pulses in stop flow mode and 64 pulses per cell in continuous flow mode, without compromising cell viability. Two integrated sensors detected changes in oxygen concentration before and after the PEF treatment, and the pH shifted towards alkalinity following PEF treatment. Therefore, our proof-of-concept technology serves as an MPS for PEF treatment of mammalian cells, enabling in situ physiological monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neringa Bakute
- Laboratory of Bioelectrics, State Research Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Eivydas Andriukonis
- Laboratory of Bioelectrics, State Research Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kamile Kasperaviciute
- Laboratory of Bioelectrics, State Research Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jorunas Dobilas
- Nanostructured Materials and Sensors Laboratory, State Research Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Martynas Sapurov
- Nanostructured Materials and Sensors Laboratory, State Research Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gatis Mozolevskis
- Micro and Nanodevices Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Str. 8, Riga, 1063, Latvia
| | - Arunas Stirke
- Laboratory of Bioelectrics, State Research Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Micro and Nanodevices Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Str. 8, Riga, 1063, Latvia.
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2
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Kumar D, Nadda R, Repaka R. Advances and challenges in organ-on-chip technology: toward mimicking human physiology and disease in vitro. Med Biol Eng Comput 2024; 62:1925-1957. [PMID: 38436835 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-024-03062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Organs-on-chips have been tissues or three-dimensional (3D) mini-organs that comprise numerous cell types and have been produced on microfluidic chips to imitate the complicated structures and interactions of diverse cell types and organs under controlled circumstances. Several morphological and physiological distinctions exist between traditional 2D cultures, animal models, and the growing popular 3D cultures. On the other hand, animal models might not accurately simulate human toxicity because of physiological variations and interspecies metabolic capability. The on-chip technique allows for observing and understanding the process and alterations occurring in metastases. The present study aimed to briefly overview single and multi-organ-on-chip techniques. The current study addresses each platform's essential benefits and characteristics and highlights recent developments in developing and utilizing technologies for single and multi-organs-on-chips. The study also discusses the drawbacks and constraints associated with these models, which include the requirement for standardized procedures and the difficulties of adding immune cells and other intricate biological elements. Finally, a comprehensive review demonstrated that the organs-on-chips approach has a potential way of investigating organ function and disease. The advancements in single and multi-organ-on-chip structures can potentially increase drug discovery and minimize dependency on animal models, resulting in improved therapies for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India
| | - Rahul Nadda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India.
| | - Ramjee Repaka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India
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3
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Wang Z, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang H, Li N, Deng Y. Microfluidic Brain-on-a-Chip: From Key Technology to System Integration and Application. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304427. [PMID: 37653590 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
As an ideal in vitro model, brain-on-chip (BoC) is an important tool to comprehensively elucidate brain characteristics. However, the in vitro model for the definition scope of BoC has not been universally recognized. In this review, BoC is divided into brain cells-on-a- chip, brain slices-on-a-chip, and brain organoids-on-a-chip according to the type of culture on the chip. Although these three microfluidic BoCs are constructed in different ways, they all use microfluidic chips as carrier tools. This method can better meet the needs of maintaining high culture activity on a chip for a long time. Moreover, BoC has successfully integrated cell biology, the biological material platform technology of microenvironment on a chip, manufacturing technology, online detection technology on a chip, and so on, enabling the chip to present structural diversity and high compatibility to meet different experimental needs and expand the scope of applications. Here, the relevant core technologies, challenges, and future development trends of BoC are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohe Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongqian Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Nuomin Li
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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4
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Fang H, Xu S, Wang Y, Yang H, Su D. Endogenous stimuli-responsive drug delivery nanoplatforms for kidney disease therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 232:113598. [PMID: 37866237 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease is one of the most life-threatening health problems, affecting millions of people in the world. Commonly used steroids and immunosuppressants often fall exceptionally short of outcomes with inescapable systemic toxicity. With the booming research in nanobiotechnology, stimuli-responsive nanoplatform has come an appealing therapeutic strategy for kidney disease. Endogenous stimuli-responsive materials have shown profuse promise owing to their enhanced spatiotemporal control and precise to the location of the lesion. This review focuses on recent advances stimuli-responsive drug delivery nano-architectonics for kidney disease. First, a brief introduction of pathogenesis of kidney disease and pathological microenvironment were provided. Then, various endogenous stimulus involved in drug delivery nanoplatforms including pH, ROS, enzymes, and glucose were categorized based on the pathological mechanisms of kidney disease. Next, we separately summarized literature examples of endogenous stimuli-responsive nanomaterials, and outlined the design strategies and response mechanisms. Finally, the paper was concluded by discussing remaining challenges and future perspectives of endogenous stimuli-responsive drug delivery nanoplatform for expediting the speed of development and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hufeng Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China.
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China.
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5
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Ranjbar S, Zhong XB, Manautou J, Lu X. A holistic analysis of the intrinsic and delivery-mediated toxicity of siRNA therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 201:115052. [PMID: 37567502 PMCID: PMC10543595 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are among the most promising therapeutic platforms in many life-threatening diseases. Owing to the significant advances in siRNA design, many challenges in the stability, specificity and delivery of siRNA have been addressed. However, safety concerns and dose-limiting toxicities still stand among the reasons for the failure of clinical trials of potent siRNA therapies, calling for a need of more comprehensive understanding of their potential mechanisms of toxicity. This review delves into the intrinsic and delivery related toxicity mechanisms of siRNA drugs and takes a holistic look at the safety failure of the clinical trials to identify the underlying causes of toxicity. In the end, the current challenges, and potential solutions for the safety assessment and high throughput screening of investigational siRNA and delivery systems as well as considerations for design strategies of safer siRNA therapeutics are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyda Ranjbar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - José Manautou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Xiuling Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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6
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Lee EJ, Krassin ZL, Abaci HE, Mahler GJ, Esch MB. Pumped and pumpless microphysiological systems to study (nano)therapeutics. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1911. [PMID: 37464464 PMCID: PMC11323280 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Fluidic microphysiological systems (MPS) are microfluidic cell culture devices that are designed to mimic the biochemical and biophysical in vivo microenvironments of human tissues better than conventional petri dishes or well-plates. MPS-grown tissue cultures can be used for probing new drugs for their potential primary and secondary toxicities as well as their efficacy. The systems can also be used for assessing the effects of environmental nanoparticles and nanotheranostics, including their rate of uptake, biodistribution, elimination, and toxicity. Pumpless MPS are a group of MPS that often utilize gravity to recirculate cell culture medium through their microfluidic networks, providing some advantages, but also presenting some challenges. They can be operated with near-physiological amounts of blood surrogate (i.e., cell culture medium) that can recirculate in bidirectional or unidirectional flow patterns depending on the device configuration. Here we discuss recent advances in the design and use of both pumped and pumpless MPS with a focus on where pumpless devices can contribute to realizing the potential future role of MPS in evaluating nanomaterials. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Zachary L Krassin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Hasan Erbil Abaci
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gretchen J Mahler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Mandy B Esch
- Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
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7
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Gimondi S, Ferreira H, Reis RL, Neves NM. Microfluidic Devices: A Tool for Nanoparticle Synthesis and Performance Evaluation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14205-14228. [PMID: 37498731 PMCID: PMC10416572 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in nanomedicine holds great promise for the treatment of diseases for which conventional therapies present serious limitations. Additionally, NPs can drastically improve early diagnosis and follow-up of many disorders. However, to harness their full capabilities, they must be precisely designed, produced, and tested in relevant models. Microfluidic systems can simulate dynamic fluid flows, gradients, specific microenvironments, and multiorgan complexes, providing an efficient and cost-effective approach for both NPs synthesis and screening. Microfluidic technologies allow for the synthesis of NPs under controlled conditions, enhancing batch-to-batch reproducibility. Moreover, due to the versatility of microfluidic devices, it is possible to generate and customize endless platforms for rapid and efficient in vitro and in vivo screening of NPs' performance. Indeed, microfluidic devices show great potential as advanced systems for small organism manipulation and immobilization. In this review, first we summarize the major microfluidic platforms that allow for controlled NPs synthesis. Next, we will discuss the most innovative microfluidic platforms that enable mimicking in vitro environments as well as give insights into organism-on-a-chip and their promising application for NPs screening. We conclude this review with a critical assessment of the current challenges and possible future directions of microfluidic systems in NPs synthesis and screening to impact the field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gimondi
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena Ferreira
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno M. Neves
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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John P, Vasa NJ, Zam A. Optical Biosensors for the Diagnosis of COVID-19 and Other Viruses-A Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2418. [PMID: 37510162 PMCID: PMC10378272 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a huge concern globally because of the astounding increase in mortality rates worldwide. The medical imaging computed tomography technique, whole-genome sequencing, and electron microscopy are the methods generally used for the screening and identification of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The main aim of this review is to emphasize the capabilities of various optical techniques to facilitate not only the timely and effective diagnosis of the virus but also to apply its potential toward therapy in the field of virology. This review paper categorizes the potential optical biosensors into the three main categories, spectroscopic-, nanomaterial-, and interferometry-based approaches, used for detecting various types of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Various classifications of spectroscopic techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, near-infrared spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy are discussed in the first part. The second aspect highlights advances related to nanomaterial-based optical biosensors, while the third part describes various optical interferometric biosensors used for the detection of viruses. The tremendous progress made by lab-on-a-chip technology in conjunction with smartphones for improving the point-of-care and portability features of the optical biosensors is also discussed. Finally, the review discusses the emergence of artificial intelligence and its applications in the field of bio-photonics and medical imaging for the diagnosis of COVID-19. The review concludes by providing insights into the future perspectives of optical techniques in the effective diagnosis of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline John
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nilesh J Vasa
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Azhar Zam
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
- Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
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Shinde A, Illath K, Kasiviswanathan U, Nagabooshanam S, Gupta P, Dey K, Chakrabarty P, Nagai M, Rao S, Kar S, Santra TS. Recent Advances of Biosensor-Integrated Organ-on-a-Chip Technologies for Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3121-3146. [PMID: 36716428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Uvanesh Kasiviswanathan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Shalini Nagabooshanam
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Koyel Dey
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pulasta Chakrabarty
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Suresh Rao
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517507, India
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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10
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Mou L, Mandal K, Mecwan MM, Hernandez AL, Maity S, Sharma S, Herculano RD, Kawakita S, Jucaud V, Dokmeci MR, Khademhosseini A. Integrated biosensors for monitoring microphysiological systems. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:3801-3816. [PMID: 36074812 PMCID: PMC9635816 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00262k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPSs), also known as organ-on-a-chip models, aim to recapitulate the functional components of human tissues or organs in vitro. Over the last decade, with the advances in biomaterials, 3D bioprinting, and microfluidics, numerous MPSs have emerged with applications to study diseased and healthy tissue models. Various organs have been modeled using MPS technology, such as the heart, liver, lung, and blood-brain barrier. An important aspect of in vitro modeling is the accurate phenotypical and functional characterization of the modeled organ. However, most conventional characterization methods are invasive and destructive and do not allow continuous monitoring of the cells in culture. On the other hand, microfluidic biosensors enable in-line, real-time sensing of target molecules with an excellent limit of detection and in a non-invasive manner, thereby effectively overcoming the limitation of the traditional techniques. Consequently, microfluidic biosensors have been increasingly integrated into MPSs and used for in-line target detection. This review discusses the state-of-the-art microfluidic biosensors by providing specific examples, detailing their main advantages in monitoring MPSs, and highlighting current developments in this field. Finally, we describe the remaining challenges and potential future developments to advance the current state-of-the-art in integrated microfluidic biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Mou
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Kalpana Mandal
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Marvin Magan Mecwan
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Ana Lopez Hernandez
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Surjendu Maity
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Rondinelli Donizetti Herculano
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP 14801-902, Brazil
| | - Satoru Kawakita
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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11
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Domingues C, Santos A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Jarak I, Veiga F, Barbosa I, Dourado M, Figueiras A. Where Is Nano Today and Where Is It Headed? A Review of Nanomedicine and the Dilemma of Nanotoxicology. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9994-10041. [PMID: 35729778 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide nanotechnology development and application have fueled many scientific advances, but technophilic expectations and technophobic demands must be counterbalanced in parallel. Some of the burning issues today are the following: (1) Where is nano today? (2) How good are the communication and investment networks between academia/research and governments? (3) Is there any spotlight application for nanotechnology? Nanomedicine is a particular arm of nanotechnology within the healthcare landscape, focused on diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of emerging (such as coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) and contemporary (including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer) diseases. However, it may only represent the bright side of the coin. In fact, in the recent past, the concept of nanotoxicology has emerged to address the dark shadows of nanomedicine. The nanomedicine field requires more nanotoxicological studies to identify undesirable effects and guarantee safety. Here, we provide an overall perspective on nanomedicine and nanotoxicology as central pieces of the giant puzzle of nanotechnology. First, the impact of nanotechnology on education and research is highlighted, followed by market trends and scientific output tendencies. In the next section, the nanomedicine and nanotoxicology dilemma is addressed through the interplay of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo models with the support of omics and microfluidic approaches. Lastly, a reflection on the regulatory issues and clinical trials is provided. Finally, some conclusions and future perspectives are proposed for a clearer and safer translation of nanomedicines from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Domingues
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Santos
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, iMATUS, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, iMATUS, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Barbosa
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Phamaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marília Dourado
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Health Studies and Research of the University of Coimbra (CEISUC), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Studies and Development of Continuous and Palliative Care (CEDCCP), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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12
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Mukunda DC, Rodrigues J, Joshi VK, Raghushaker CR, Mahato KK. A comprehensive review on LED-induced fluorescence in diagnostic pathology. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 209:114230. [PMID: 35421670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Sensitivity, specificity, mobility, and affordability are important criteria to consider for developing diagnostic instruments in common use. Fluorescence spectroscopy has been demonstrating substantial potential in the clinical diagnosis of diseases and evaluating the underlying causes of pathogenesis. A higher degree of device integration with appropriate sensitivity and reasonable cost would further boost the value of the fluorescence techniques in clinical diagnosis and aid in the reduction of healthcare expenses, which is a key economic concern in emerging markets. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which are inexpensive and smaller are attractive alternatives to conventional excitation sources in fluorescence spectroscopy, are gaining a lot of momentum in the development of affordable, compact analytical instruments of clinical relevance. The commercial availability of a broad range of LED wavelengths (255-4600 nm) has opened up new avenues for targeting a wide range of clinically significant molecules (both endogenous and exogenous), thereby diagnosing a range of clinical illnesses. As a result, we have specifically examined the uses of LED-induced fluorescence (LED-IF) in preclinical and clinical evaluations of pathological conditions, considering the present advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jackson Rodrigues
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Joshi
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Chandavalli Ramappa Raghushaker
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Krishna Kishore Mahato
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India.
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13
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Vargas R, Egurbide-Sifre A, Medina L. Organ-on-a-Chip systems for new drugs development. ADMET AND DMPK 2022; 9:111-141. [PMID: 35299767 PMCID: PMC8920106 DOI: 10.5599/admet.942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on alternatives to the use of animal models and cell cultures has led to the creation of organ-on-a-chip systems, in which organs and their physiological reactions to the presence of external stimuli are simulated. These systems could even replace the use of human beings as subjects for the study of drugs in clinical phases and have an impact on personalized therapies. Organ-on-a-chip technology present higher potential than traditional cell cultures for an appropriate prediction of functional impairments, appearance of adverse effects, the pharmacokinetic and toxicological profile and the efficacy of a drug. This potential is given by the possibility of placing different cell lines in a three-dimensional-arranged polymer piece and simulating and controlling specific conditions. Thus, the normal functioning of an organ, tissue, barrier, or physiological phenomenon can be simulated, as well as the interrelation between different systems. Furthermore, this alternative allows the study of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Its design combines different disciplines such as materials engineering, cell cultures, microfluidics and physiology, among others. This work presents the main considerations of OoC systems, the materials, methods and cell lines used for their design, and the conditions required for their proper functioning. Examples of applications and main challenges for the development of more robust systems are shown. This non-systematic review is intended to be a reference framework that facilitates research focused on the development of new OoC systems, as well as their use as alternatives in pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronny Vargas
- Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Egurbide-Sifre
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Medina
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Wisuthiphaet N, Yang X, Young GM, Nitin N. Quantitative Imaging of Bacteriophage Amplification for Rapid Detection of Bacteria in Model Foods. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:853048. [PMID: 35308341 PMCID: PMC8931685 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.853048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid detection of bacteria in water and food samples is a critical need. The current molecular methods like real-time PCR can provide rapid detection after initial enrichment. However, these methods require significant preparation steps, specialized facilities to reduce contamination, and relatively expensive reagents. This study evaluates a novel approach for detecting bacteria based on imaging of bacteriophage amplification upon infection of the target host bacteria to mitigate some of these constraints and improve the specificity of discriminating live vs. dead bacteria. Thus, this research leverages the natural ability of lytic bacteriophages to rapidly amplify their genetic material and generate progeny phages upon infecting the host bacterium. This study uses a nucleic acid staining dye, a conventional fluorescence microscope, and quantitative image analysis for imaging the amplification of bacteriophages. The sensitivity and assay time for imaging-based quantification of phage amplification for detecting Escherichia coli were compared with RT-PCR and the standard plaque-forming assay for detection phage amplification in model systems, including coconut water and spinach wash water. The results demonstrate that the imaging approach matches both the sensitivity and speed for detecting E. coli using the RT-PCR method without requiring isolation of nucleic acids, expensive reagents, and specialized facilities. The quantitative imaging results demonstrate the detection of 10 CFU/ml of E. coli in coconut water and simulated spinach wash water with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 3,000 ppm within 8 h, including initial enrichment of the bacteria. In summary, the results of this study illustrate a novel phage amplification-based approach for detecting target bacteria in complex food and water samples using simple sample preparation methods and low-cost reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicharee Wisuthiphaet
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Xu Yang
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Glenn M. Young
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Nitin Nitin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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15
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Özkayar G, Lötters JC, Tichem M, Ghatkesar MK. Toward a modular, integrated, miniaturized, and portable microfluidic flow control architecture for organs-on-chips applications. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:021302. [PMID: 35464136 PMCID: PMC9018096 DOI: 10.1063/5.0074156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic organs-on-chips (OoCs) technology has emerged as the trend for in vitro functional modeling of organs in recent years. Simplifying the complexities of the human organs under controlled perfusion of required fluids paves the way for accurate prediction of human organ functionalities and their response to interventions like exposure to drugs. However, in the state-of-the-art OoC, the existing methods to control fluids use external bulky peripheral components and systems much larger than the chips used in experiments. A new generation of compact microfluidic flow control systems is needed to overcome this challenge. This study first presents a structured classification of OoC devices according to their types and microfluidic complexities. Next, we suggest three fundamental fluid flow control mechanisms and define component configurations for different levels of OoC complexity for each respective mechanism. Finally, we propose an architecture integrating modular microfluidic flow control components and OoC devices on a single platform. We emphasize the need for miniaturization of flow control components to achieve portability, minimize sample usage, minimize dead volume, improve the flowing time of fluids to the OoC cell chamber, and enable long-duration experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürhan Özkayar
- Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marcel Tichem
- Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Murali K. Ghatkesar
- Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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16
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Buchanan BC, Yoon JY. Microscopic Imaging Methods for Organ-on-a-Chip Platforms. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:328. [PMID: 35208453 PMCID: PMC8879989 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic imaging is essential and the most popular method for in situ monitoring and evaluating the outcome of various organ-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms, including the number and morphology of mammalian cells, gene expression, protein secretions, etc. This review presents an overview of how various imaging methods can be used to image organ-on-a-chip platforms, including transillumination imaging (including brightfield, phase-contrast, and holographic optofluidic imaging), fluorescence imaging (including confocal fluorescence and light-sheet fluorescence imaging), and smartphone-based imaging (including microscope attachment-based, quantitative phase, and lens-free imaging). While various microscopic imaging methods have been demonstrated for conventional microfluidic devices, a relatively small number of microscopic imaging methods have been demonstrated for OOC platforms. Some methods have rarely been used to image OOCs. Specific requirements for imaging OOCs will be discussed in comparison to the conventional microfluidic devices and future directions will be introduced in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeong-Yeol Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
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17
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Guan T, Xu Z, Wang J, Liu Y, Shen X, Li X, Sun Y, Lei H. Multiplex optical bioassays for food safety analysis: Toward on-site detection. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:1627-1656. [PMID: 35181985 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Food safety analysis plays a significant role in controlling food contamination and supervision. In recent years, multiplex optical bioassays (MOBAs) have been widely applied to analyze multiple hazards due to their efficiency and low cost. However, due to the challenges such as multiplexing capacity, poor sensitivity, and bulky instrumentation, the further application of traditional MOBAs in food screening has been limited. In this review, effective strategies regarding food safety MOBAs are summarized, such as spatial-resolution modes performed in multi-T lines/dots strips or arrays of strip/microplate/microfluidic chip/SPR chip and signal-resolution modes employing distinguishable colorimetric/luminescence/fluorescence/surface plasma resonance/surface-enhanced Raman spectrum as signal tags. Following this, new trends on how to design engineered sensor architecture and exploit distinguishable signal reporters, how to improve both multiplexing capacity and sensitivity, and how to integrate these formats into smartphones so as to be mobile are summarized systematically. Typically, in the case of enhancing multiplexing capacity and detection throughput, microfluidic array chips with multichannel architecture would be a favorable approach to overcome the spatial and physical limitations of immunochromatographic assay (ICA) test strips. Moreover, noble metal nanoparticles and single-excitation, multiple-emission luminescence nanomaterials hold great potential in developing ultrasensitive MOBAs. Finally, the exploitation of innovative multiplexing strategy hybridized with powerful and widely available smartphones opens new perspectives to MOBAs. In future, the MOBAs should be more sensitive, have higher multiplexing capacity, and easier instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenlin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yingju Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiangmei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Gonçalves IM, Carvalho V, Rodrigues RO, Pinho D, Teixeira SFCF, Moita A, Hori T, Kaji H, Lima R, Minas G. Organ-on-a-Chip Platforms for Drug Screening and Delivery in Tumor Cells: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040935. [PMID: 35205683 PMCID: PMC8870045 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is one of the diseases with a high mortality rate worldwide. Of the current strategies to study new diagnostic and treating tools, organs-on-chip are quite promising regarding the achievement of more personalized medicine. In this work, 75 out of 820 of the most recent published scientific articles were selected and analyzed through a systematic process. The selected articles present the different microfluidic platforms where cell culture was introduced and was used for the evaluation of cancer treatments efficacy and/or toxicity. Abstract The development of cancer models that rectify the simplicity of monolayer or static cell cultures physiologic microenvironment and, at the same time, replicate the human system more accurately than animal models has been a challenge in biomedical research. Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) devices are a solution that has been explored over the last decade. The combination of microfluidics and cell culture allows the design of a dynamic microenvironment suitable for the evaluation of treatments’ efficacy and effects, closer to the response observed in patients. This systematic review sums the studies from the last decade, where OoC with cancer cell cultures were used for drug screening assays. The studies were selected from three databases and analyzed following the research guidelines for systematic reviews proposed by PRISMA. In the selected studies, several types of cancer cells were evaluated, and the majority of treatments tested were standard chemotherapeutic drugs. Some studies reported higher drug resistance of the cultures on the OoC devices than on 2D cultures, which indicates the better resemblance to in vivo conditions of the former. Several studies also included the replication of the microvasculature or the combination of different cell cultures. The presence of vasculature can influence positively or negatively the drug efficacy since it contributes to a greater diffusion of the drug and also oxygen and nutrients. Co-cultures with liver cells contributed to the evaluation of the systemic toxicity of some drugs metabolites. Nevertheless, few studies used patient cells for the drug screening assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M. Gonçalves
- METRICS, University of Minho, Alameda da Universidade, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (I.M.G.); (V.C.); (R.L.)
- IN+—Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Violeta Carvalho
- METRICS, University of Minho, Alameda da Universidade, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (I.M.G.); (V.C.); (R.L.)
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
- ALGORITMI Center, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - Raquel O. Rodrigues
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4806-909 Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.O.R.); (G.M.); Tel.: +351-253-510190 (ext. 604705) (R.O.R. & G.M.)
| | - Diana Pinho
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4806-909 Guimarães, Portugal
| | | | - Ana Moita
- IN+—Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
- CINAMIL—Centro de Investigação Desenvolvimento e Inovação da Academia Militar, Academia Militar, Instituto Universitário Militar, Rua Gomes Freire, 1169-203 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Takeshi Hori
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering (IBB), Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan; (T.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Hirokazu Kaji
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering (IBB), Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan; (T.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Rui Lima
- METRICS, University of Minho, Alameda da Universidade, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (I.M.G.); (V.C.); (R.L.)
- CEFT, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Graça Minas
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4806-909 Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.O.R.); (G.M.); Tel.: +351-253-510190 (ext. 604705) (R.O.R. & G.M.)
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19
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Xiao C, Eriksson J, Suska A, Filippini D, Mak WC. Print-and-stick unibody microfluidics coupled surface plasmon resonance (SPR) chip for smartphone imaging SPR (Smart-iSRP). Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1201:339606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Moreira Teixeira L, Mezzanotte L. New bioimaging avenues for organs‐on‐chips by integration of bioluminescence. VIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Moreira Teixeira
- Department of Developmental Bioengineering Technical Medical Centre University of Twente Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
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21
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Thompson AJ, Bourke CD, Robertson RC, Shivakumar N, Edwards CA, Preston T, Holmes E, Kelly P, Frost G, Morrison DJ. Understanding the role of the gut in undernutrition: what can technology tell us? Gut 2021; 70:gutjnl-2020-323609. [PMID: 34103403 PMCID: PMC8292602 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gut function remains largely underinvestigated in undernutrition, despite its critical role in essential nutrient digestion, absorption and assimilation. In areas of high enteropathogen burden, alterations in gut barrier function and subsequent inflammatory effects are observable but remain poorly characterised. Environmental enteropathy (EE)-a condition that affects both gut morphology and function and is characterised by blunted villi, inflammation and increased permeability-is thought to play a role in impaired linear growth (stunting) and severe acute malnutrition. However, the lack of tools to quantitatively characterise gut functional capacity has hampered both our understanding of gut pathogenesis in undernutrition and evaluation of gut-targeted therapies to accelerate nutritional recovery. Here we survey the technology landscape for potential solutions to improve assessment of gut function, focussing on devices that could be deployed at point-of-care in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We assess the potential for technological innovation to assess gut morphology, function, barrier integrity and immune response in undernutrition, and highlight the approaches that are currently most suitable for deployment and development. This article focuses on EE and undernutrition in LMICs, but many of these technologies may also become useful in monitoring of other gut pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Thompson
- Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Claire D Bourke
- Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ruairi C Robertson
- Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nirupama Shivakumar
- Division of Nutrition, St John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Tom Preston
- Stable Isotope Biochemistry Laboratory, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride, UK
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Kelly
- Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Gary Frost
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Douglas J Morrison
- Stable Isotope Biochemistry Laboratory, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride, UK
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22
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Carvalho V, Gonçalves I, Lage T, Rodrigues RO, Minas G, Teixeira SFCF, Moita AS, Hori T, Kaji H, Lima RA. 3D Printing Techniques and Their Applications to Organ-on-a-Chip Platforms: A Systematic Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:3304. [PMID: 34068811 PMCID: PMC8126238 DOI: 10.3390/s21093304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models, such as organ-on-a-chip platforms, are an emerging and effective technology that allows the replication of the function of tissues and organs, bridging the gap amid the conventional models based on planar cell cultures or animals and the complex human system. Hence, they have been increasingly used for biomedical research, such as drug discovery and personalized healthcare. A promising strategy for their fabrication is 3D printing, a layer-by-layer fabrication process that allows the construction of complex 3D structures. In contrast, 3D bioprinting, an evolving biofabrication method, focuses on the accurate deposition of hydrogel bioinks loaded with cells to construct tissue-engineered structures. The purpose of the present work is to conduct a systematic review (SR) of the published literature, according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, providing a source of information on the evolution of organ-on-a-chip platforms obtained resorting to 3D printing and bioprinting techniques. In the literature search, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases were used, and two authors independently performed the search, study selection, and data extraction. The goal of this SR is to highlight the importance and advantages of using 3D printing techniques in obtaining organ-on-a-chip platforms, and also to identify potential gaps and future perspectives in this research field. Additionally, challenges in integrating sensors in organs-on-chip platforms are briefly investigated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Carvalho
- MEtRICs, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - Inês Gonçalves
- MEtRICs, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - Teresa Lage
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.L.); (R.O.R.); (G.M.)
| | - Raquel O. Rodrigues
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.L.); (R.O.R.); (G.M.)
| | - Graça Minas
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.L.); (R.O.R.); (G.M.)
| | | | - Ana S. Moita
- IN+, Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
- CINAMIL, Department of Exact Sciences and Engineering, Portuguese Military Academy, R. Gomes Freire 203, 1169-203 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Takeshi Hori
- Department of Finemechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Hirokazu Kaji
- Department of Finemechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.H.); (H.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Rui A. Lima
- MEtRICs, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
- CEFT, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Sami MA, Tayyab M, Parikh P, Govindaraju H, Hassan U. A modular microscopic smartphone attachment for imaging and quantification of multiple fluorescent probes using machine learning. Analyst 2021; 146:2531-2541. [PMID: 33899061 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02451a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Portable smartphone-based fluorescent microscopes are becoming popular owing to their ability to provide major functionalities offered by regular benchtop microscopes at a fraction of the cost. However, smartphone-based microscopes are still limited to a single fluorophore, fixed magnification, the inability to work with a different smartphones, and limited usability to either glass slides or cover slips. To overcome these challenges, here we present a modular smartphone-based microscopic attachment. The modular design allows the user to easily swap between different sets of filters and lenses, thereby enabling utility of multiple fluorophores and magnification levels. Our microscopic smartphone attachment can also be used with different smartphones and was tested with Nokia Lumia 1020, Samsung Galaxy S9+, and an iPhone XS. Further, we showed imaging results of samples on glass slides, cover slips, and microfluidic devices. A 1951 USAF resolution test target was used to quantify the maximum resolution of the microscope which was found to be 3.9 μm. The performance of the smartphone-based microscope was compared with a benchtop microscope and we found an R2 value of 0.99 using polystyrene beads and blood cells isolated from human blood samples collected from Robert Wood Johnson Medical Hospital. Additionally, to count the particles (cells and beads) imaged from the smartphone-based fluorescent microscope, we developed artificial neural networks (ANNs) using multiple training algorithms, and evaluated their performances compared to the control (ImageJ). Finally, we did ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc analysis and found a p-value of 0.97 which shows that no statistical significant difference exists between the performance of the trained ANN and control (ImageJ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Sami
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Priya Parikh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Harshitha Govindaraju
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Umer Hassan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA. and Global Health Institute, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Rodrigues RO, Sousa PC, Gaspar J, Bañobre-López M, Lima R, Minas G. Organ-on-a-Chip: A Preclinical Microfluidic Platform for the Progress of Nanomedicine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003517. [PMID: 33236819 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the progress achieved in nanomedicine during the last decade, the translation of new nanotechnology-based therapeutic systems into clinical applications has been slow, especially due to the lack of robust preclinical tissue culture platforms able to mimic the in vivo conditions found in the human body and to predict the performance and biotoxicity of the developed nanomaterials. Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) platforms are novel microfluidic tools that mimic complex human organ functions at the microscale level. These integrated microfluidic networks, with 3D tissue engineered models, have been shown high potential to reduce the discrepancies between the results derived from preclinical and clinical trials. However, there are many challenges that still need to be addressed, such as the integration of biosensor modules for long-time monitoring of different physicochemical and biochemical parameters. In this review, recent advances on OoC platforms, particularly on the preclinical validation of nanomaterials designed for cancer, as well as the current challenges and possible future directions for an end-use perspective are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel O Rodrigues
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
- Microfabrication and Exploratory Nanotechnology, INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Patrícia C Sousa
- Microfabrication and Exploratory Nanotechnology, INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
| | - João Gaspar
- Microfabrication and Exploratory Nanotechnology, INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Manuel Bañobre-López
- Advanced (magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, Nanomedicine Unit, INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Rui Lima
- Transport Phenomena Research Center (CEFT), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), R. Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal
- Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center (MEtRICs), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Graça Minas
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
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25
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Lovett ML, Nieland TJ, Dingle YTL, Kaplan DL. Innovations in 3-Dimensional Tissue Models of Human Brain Physiology and Diseases. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1909146. [PMID: 34211358 PMCID: PMC8240470 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
3-dimensional (3D) laboratory tissue cultures have emerged as an alternative to traditional 2-dimensional (2D) culture systems that do not recapitulate native cell behavior. The discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro tissue-cell-molecular responses impedes understanding of human physiology in general and creates roadblocks for the discovery of therapeutic solutions. Two parallel approaches have emerged for the design of 3D culture systems. The first is biomedical engineering methodology, including bioengineered materials, bioprinting, microfluidics and bioreactors, used alone or in combination, to mimic the microenvironments of native tissues. The second approach is organoid technology, in which stem cells are exposed to chemical and/or biological cues to activate differentiation programs that are reminiscent of human (prenatal) development. This review article describes recent technological advances in engineering 3D cultures that more closely resemble the human brain. The contributions of in vitro 3D tissue culture systems to new insights in neurophysiology, neurological diseases and regenerative medicine are highlighted. Perspectives on designing improved tissue models of the human brain are offered, focusing on an integrative approach merging biomedical engineering tools with organoid biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Lovett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Thomas J.F. Nieland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Yu-Ting L. Dingle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
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Chen X, Zhang YS, Zhang X, Liu C. Organ-on-a-chip platforms for accelerating the evaluation of nanomedicine. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:1012-1027. [PMID: 33102943 PMCID: PMC7566214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine involves the use of engineered nanoscale materials in an extensive range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications and can be applied to the treatment of many diseases. Despite the rapid progress and tremendous potential of nanomedicine in the past decades, the clinical translational process is still quite slow, owing to the difficulty in understanding, evaluating, and predicting nanomaterial behaviors within the complex environment of human beings. Microfluidics-based organ-on-a-chip (Organ Chip) techniques offer a promising way to resolve these challenges. Sophisticatedly designed Organ Chip enable in vitro simulation of the in vivo microenvironments, thus providing robust platforms for evaluating nanomedicine. Herein, we review recent developments and achievements in Organ Chip models for nanomedicine evaluations, categorized into seven broad sections based on the target organ systems: respiratory, digestive, lymphatic, excretory, nervous, and vascular, as well as coverage on applications relating to cancer. We conclude by providing our perspectives on the challenges and potential future directions for applications of Organ Chip in nanomedicine. Microfluidics-based organ-on-a-chip (Organ Chip) techniques offer a promising way to understand, evaluate, and predict nanomedicine behaviors within the complex environment. Organ Chip models for nanomedicine evaluations are categorized into seven broad sections based on the targeted body systems. Limitations, challenges, and perspectives of Organ Chip for accelerating the assessment of nanomedicine are discussed, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States
| | - Xinping Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
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3D In Vitro Human Organ Mimicry Devices for Drug Discovery, Development, and Assessment. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/6187048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The past few decades have shown significant advancement as complex in vitro humanized systems have substituted animal trials and 2D in vitro studies. 3D humanized platforms mimic the organs of interest with their stimulations (physical, electrical, chemical, and mechanical). Organ-on-chip devices, including in vitro modelling of 3D organoids, 3D microfabrication, and 3D bioprinted platforms, play an essential role in drug discovery, testing, and assessment. In this article, a thorough review is provided of the latest advancements in the area of organ-on-chip devices targeting liver, kidney, lung, gut, heart, skin, and brain mimicry devices for drug discovery, development, and/or assessment. The current strategies, fabrication methods, and the specific application of each device, as well as the advantages and disadvantages, are presented for each reported platform. This comprehensive review also provides some insights on the challenges and future perspectives for the further advancement of each organ-on-chip device.
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28
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Lin N, Zhou X, Geng X, Drewell C, Hübner J, Li Z, Zhang Y, Xue M, Marx U, Li B. Repeated dose multi-drug testing using a microfluidic chip-based coculture of human liver and kidney proximal tubules equivalents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8879. [PMID: 32483208 PMCID: PMC7264205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A microfluidic multi-organ chip emulates the tissue culture microenvironment, enables interconnection of organ equivalents and overcomes interspecies differences, making this technology a promising and powerful tool for preclinical drug screening. In this study, we established a microfluidic chip-based model that enabled non-contact cocultivation of liver spheroids and renal proximal tubule barriers in a connecting media circuit over 16 days. Meanwhile, a 14-day repeated-dose systemic administration of cyclosporine A (CsA) alone or in combination with rifampicin was performed. Toxicity profiles of the two different doses of CsA on different target organs could be discriminated and that concomitant treatment with rifampicin from day6 onwards decreased the CsA concentration and attenuated the toxicity compared with that after treatment with CsA for 14 consecutive days. The latter is manifested with the changes in cytotoxicity, cell viability and apoptosis, gene expression of metabolic enzymes and transporters, and noninvasive toxicity biomarkers. The on chip coculture of the liver and the proximal tubulus equivalents showed its potential as an effective and translational tool for repeated dose multi-drug toxicity screening in the preclinical stage of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Lin
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, A8 Hongda Middle Street, Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, Beijing, 100176, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Institute for Drug Control, 25 Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, A8 Hongda Middle Street, Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, Beijing, 100176, P. R. China
| | - Xingchao Geng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, A8 Hongda Middle Street, Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, Beijing, 100176, P. R. China
| | - Christopher Drewell
- Technische Universitaet Berlin, Institute of Biotechnology, Department Medical Biotechnology, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Hübner
- Technische Universitaet Berlin, Institute of Biotechnology, Department Medical Biotechnology, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zuogang Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, A8 Hongda Middle Street, Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, Beijing, 100176, P. R. China
| | - Yingli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, A8 Hongda Middle Street, Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, Beijing, 100176, P. R. China
| | - Ming Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Uwe Marx
- TissUse GmbH, Oudenarder Strasse 16, 13347, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bo Li
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, 31 Hua Tuo road, Daxing district, Beijing, 102629, China.
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29
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Zhao W, Tian S, Huang L, Liu K, Dong L, Guo J. A smartphone-based biomedical sensory system. Analyst 2020; 145:2873-2891. [PMID: 32141448 DOI: 10.1039/c9an02294e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Disease diagnostics, food safety monitoring and environmental quality monitoring are the key means to safeguard human health. However, conventional detection devices for health care are costly, bulky and complex, restricting their applications in resource-limited areas of the world. With the rapid development of biosensors and the popularization of smartphones, smartphone-based sensing systems have emerged as novel detection devices that combine the sensitivity of biosensors and diverse functions of smartphones to provide a rapid, low-cost and convenient detection method. In these systems, a smartphone is used as a microscope to observe and count cells, as a camera to record fluorescence images, as an analytical platform to analyze experimental data, and as an effective tool to connect detection devices and online doctors. These systems are widely used for cell analysis, biochemical analysis, immunoassays, and molecular diagnosis, which are applied in the fields of disease diagnostics, food safety monitoring and environmental quality monitoring. Therefore, we discuss four types of smartphone-based sensing systems in this review paper, specifically in terms of the structure, performance and efficiency of these systems. Finally, we give some suggestions for improvement and future prospective trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Zhao
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China.
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30
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Soucy JR, Bindas AJ, Koppes AN, Koppes RA. Instrumented Microphysiological Systems for Real-Time Measurement and Manipulation of Cellular Electrochemical Processes. iScience 2019; 21:521-548. [PMID: 31715497 PMCID: PMC6849363 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in electronic materials and subsequent surface modifications have facilitated real-time measurements of cellular processes far beyond traditional passive recordings of neurons and muscle cells. Specifically, the functionalization of conductive materials with ligand-binding aptamers has permitted the utilization of traditional electronic materials for bioelectronic sensing. Further, microfabrication techniques have better allowed microfluidic devices to recapitulate the physiological and pathological conditions of complex tissues and organs in vitro or microphysiological systems (MPS). The convergence of these models with advances in biological/biomedical microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS) instrumentation has rapidly bolstered a wide array of bioelectronic platforms for real-time cellular analytics. In this review, we provide an overview of the sensing techniques that are relevant to MPS development and highlight the different organ systems to integrate instrumentation for measurement and manipulation of cellular function. Special attention is given to how instrumented MPS can disrupt the drug development and fundamental mechanistic discovery processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Soucy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adam J Bindas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abigail N Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan A Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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31
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Methods of Delivering Mechanical Stimuli to Organ-on-a-Chip. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10100700. [PMID: 31615136 PMCID: PMC6843435 DOI: 10.3390/mi10100700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in integrating microengineering and tissue engineering have enabled the creation of promising microengineered physiological models, known as organ-on-a-chip (OOC), for experimental medicine and pharmaceutical research. OOCs have been used to recapitulate the physiologically critical features of specific human tissues and organs and their interactions. Application of chemical and mechanical stimuli is critical for tissue development and behavior, and they were also applied to OOC systems. Mechanical stimuli applied to tissues and organs are quite complex in vivo, which have not adequately recapitulated in OOCs. Due to the recent advancement of microengineering, more complicated and physiologically relevant mechanical stimuli are being introduced to OOC systems, and this is the right time to assess the published literature on this topic, especially focusing on the technical details of device design and equipment used. We first discuss the different types of mechanical stimuli applied to OOC systems: shear flow, compression, and stretch/strain. This is followed by the examples of mechanical stimuli-incorporated OOC systems. Finally, we discuss the potential OOC systems where various types of mechanical stimuli can be applied to a single OOC device, as a better, physiologically relevant recapitulation model, towards studying and evaluating experimental medicine, human disease modeling, drug development, and toxicology.
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32
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Jian D, Wang B, Huang H, Meng X, Liu C, Xue L, Liu F, Wang S. Sunlight based handheld smartphone spectrometer. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 143:111632. [PMID: 31479987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We present a sunlight based handheld smartphone spectrometer. The device first gathers the sunlight to pass through the sample, and then the transmitted light illuminates on a grating to generate spectrum finally recorded by the smartphone monochrome camera. All the optical elements are assembled with the smartphone to integrate a handheld device with the size of 140.2 mm × 67.4 mm × 80.5 mm. Besides, a smartphone application is also developed for automatic spectral calibration, detection, analysis and display. Compared to the white light emitting diode and the halogen lamp, the sunlight has more uniform distribution covering the entire visible spectral range; and the proposed device also avoids the bulky sizes of those broadband light sources. Additionally, the monochrome camera is used instead of the color camera not only to pursue a high spectral resolution as 0.276 nm/pixel but also to avoid the color overlapping. We demonstrate the device capability on detecting avian influenza virus H7N9 and porcine circovirus type 2 antibodies, proving the device has rather high sensitivity similar to the commercial microplate reader. Considering its advantages as compact size, high spectral resolution and detecting sensitivity, it is believed the proposed sunlight based handheld smartphone spectrometer is potential to be broadly applied in on-site detections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jian
- Computational Optics Laboratory, School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huachuan Huang
- School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Computational Optics Laboratory, School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Liang Xue
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Shouyu Wang
- Computational Optics Laboratory, School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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33
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Arandian A, Bagheri Z, Ehtesabi H, Najafi Nobar S, Aminoroaya N, Samimi A, Latifi H. Optical Imaging Approaches to Monitor Static and Dynamic Cell-on-Chip Platforms: A Tutorial Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900737. [PMID: 31087503 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Miniaturized laboratories on chip platforms play an important role in handling life sciences studies. The platforms may contain static or dynamic biological cells. Examples are a fixed medium of an organ-on-a-chip and individual cells moving in a microfluidic channel, respectively. Due to feasibility of control or investigation and ethical implications of live targets, both static and dynamic cell-on-chip platforms promise various applications in biology. To extract necessary information from the experiments, the demand for direct monitoring is rapidly increasing. Among different microscopy methods, optical imaging is a straightforward choice. Considering light interaction with biological agents, imaging signals may be generated as a result of scattering or emission effects from a sample. Thus, optical imaging techniques could be categorized into scattering-based and emission-based techniques. In this review, various optical imaging approaches used in monitoring static and dynamic platforms are introduced along with their optical systems, advantages, challenges, and applications. This review may help biologists to find a suitable imaging technique for different cell-on-chip studies and might also be useful for the people who are going to develop optical imaging systems in life sciences studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Arandian
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Zeinab Bagheri
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Hamide Ehtesabi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Shima Najafi Nobar
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, 1969764499, Iran
| | - Neda Aminoroaya
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Ashkan Samimi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Hamid Latifi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
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34
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Young AT, Rivera KR, Erb PD, Daniele MA. Monitoring of Microphysiological Systems: Integrating Sensors and Real-Time Data Analysis toward Autonomous Decision-Making. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1454-1464. [PMID: 30964652 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Microphysiological systems replicate human organ function and are promising technologies for discovery of translatable biomarkers, pharmaceuticals, and regenerative therapies. Because microphysiological systems require complex microscale anatomical structures and heterogeneous cell populations, a major challenge remains to manufacture and operate these products with reproducible and standardized function. In this Perspective, three stages of microphysiological system monitoring, including process, development, and function, are assessed. The unique features and remaining technical challenges for the required sensors are discussed. Monitoring of microphysiological systems requires nondestructive, continuous biosensors and imaging techniques. With such tools, the extent of cellular and tissue development, as well as function, can be autonomously determined and optimized by correlating physical and chemical sensor outputs with markers of physiological performance. Ultimately, data fusion and analyses across process, development, and function monitors can be implemented to adopt microphysiological systems for broad research and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn T. Young
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kristina R. Rivera
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Patrick D. Erb
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Michael A. Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, 890 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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35
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Santbergen MJ, van der Zande M, Bouwmeester H, Nielen MW. Online and in situ analysis of organs-on-a-chip. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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36
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El Allali K, Farsi H, Piro M, Rachid Achaâban M, Ouassat M, Challet E, Pévet P. Smartphone and a freely available application as a new tool to record locomotor activity rhythm in large mammals and humans. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:1047-1057. [PMID: 31088178 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1609980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Daily pattern of locomotor activity (LA), one of the most studied rhythms in humans and rodents, has not been widely investigated in large mammals. This is partly due to the high cost and breakability of used automatic devices. Since last decade, smartphones are becoming ubiquitous. Meanwhile, several applications detecting activity by using internal sensors were made available. In this study, we assumed that this device could be a cheaper and easier way to measure the LA rhythm in humans and large mammals, like camel and goat. A smartphone application (Nokia Mate Health), normally used to quantify physical activities in humans, was chosen for the study. To validate the rhythm data obtained from the smartphone, LA rhythm was simultaneously recorded using an automatic device, the Actiwatch-Mini®. Results showed that the smartphone provided a clear and significant daily rhythm of LA. The visual assessment of the superimposed LA rhythm's curves in all three species showed that the smartphone application displayed similar rhythms as those recorded by the Actiwatch-Mini. Highly significant positive correlation (p≤ 0.0001) exists between the two recording rhythms. The daily periods were both the same at 24.0 h. Acrophases were also significantly similar and occurring around mid-day: 11:40 ± 0.35 h vs 11:41 ± 0.35 h for the camel, 11:25 ± 0.19 h vs 11:37 ± 0.25 h for the goat and 13:04 ± 0.11 h vs 13:51 ± 0.28 h for humans using smartphone and Actiwatch, respectively. The related mesor and amplitude were also close between the two recording devices. Results indicate clearly that using smartphones constitutes a reliable cheap tool to study LA rhythm for chronobiology studies, especially in laboratories facing lack of funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid El Allali
- a Comparative Anatomy Unit, Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Veterinary Sciences , Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Hicham Farsi
- a Comparative Anatomy Unit, Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Veterinary Sciences , Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Mohammed Piro
- b Medicine and Surgical Unit of Domestic Animals, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Reproduction , Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Mohamed Rachid Achaâban
- a Comparative Anatomy Unit, Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Veterinary Sciences , Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ouassat
- a Comparative Anatomy Unit, Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Veterinary Sciences , Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Etienne Challet
- c Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences , CNRS and University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Paul Pévet
- c Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences , CNRS and University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
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37
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Savoji H, Mohammadi MH, Rafatian N, Toroghi MK, Wang EY, Zhao Y, Korolj A, Ahadian S, Radisic M. Cardiovascular disease models: A game changing paradigm in drug discovery and screening. Biomaterials 2019; 198:3-26. [PMID: 30343824 PMCID: PMC6397087 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Although investment in drug discovery and development has been sky-rocketing, the number of approved drugs has been declining. Cardiovascular toxicity due to therapeutic drug use claims the highest incidence and severity of adverse drug reactions in late-stage clinical development. Therefore, to address this issue, new, additional, replacement and combinatorial approaches are needed to fill the gap in effective drug discovery and screening. The motivation for developing accurate, predictive models is twofold: first, to study and discover new treatments for cardiac pathologies which are leading in worldwide morbidity and mortality rates; and second, to screen for adverse drug reactions on the heart, a primary risk in drug development. In addition to in vivo animal models, in vitro and in silico models have been recently proposed to mimic the physiological conditions of heart and vasculature. Here, we describe current in vitro, in vivo, and in silico platforms for modelling healthy and pathological cardiac tissues and their advantages and disadvantages for drug screening and discovery applications. We review the pathophysiology and the underlying pathways of different cardiac diseases, as well as the new tools being developed to facilitate their study. We finally suggest a roadmap for employing these non-animal platforms in assessing drug cardiotoxicity and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houman Savoji
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 170 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 170 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Naimeh Rafatian
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Masood Khaksar Toroghi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Erika Yan Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 170 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 170 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Anastasia Korolj
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 170 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 170 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada.
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38
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Kumar V, Varghese S. Ex Vivo Tumor-on-a-Chip Platforms to Study Intercellular Interactions within the Tumor Microenvironment. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801198. [PMID: 30516355 PMCID: PMC6384151 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of immunotherapies and recent FDA approval of several of them makes them a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. While these advancements underscore the potential of engaging the immune system to target tumors, this approach has so far been efficient only for certain cancers. Extending immunotherapy as a widely acceptable treatment for various cancers requires a deeper understanding of the interactions of tumor cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The immune cells are a key component of the TME, which also includes other stromal cells, soluble factors, and extracellular matrix-based cues. While in vivo studies function as a gold standard, tissue-engineered microphysiological tumor models can offer patient-specific insights into cancer-immune interactions. These platforms, which recapitulate cellular and non-cellular components of the TME, enable a systematic understanding of the contribution of each component toward disease progression in isolation and in concert. Microfluidic-based microphysiological platforms recreating these environments, also known as "tumor-on-a-chip," are increasingly being utilized to study the effect of various elements of TME on tumor development. Herein are reviewed advancements in tumor-on-a-chip technology that are developed and used to understand the interaction of tumor cells with other surrounding cells, including immune cells, in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardhman Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Shyni Varghese
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA,
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine Durham, NC 27703, USA
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C. Sun
- Electrical and Computer Engineering; University of California in; San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Drew A. Hall
- Electrical and Computer Engineering; University of California in; San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Paiè P, Martínez Vázquez R, Osellame R, Bragheri F, Bassi A. Microfluidic Based Optical Microscopes on Chip. Cytometry A 2018; 93:987-996. [PMID: 30211977 PMCID: PMC6220811 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Last decade's advancements in optofluidics allowed obtaining an ever increasing integration of different functionalities in lab on chip devices to culture, analyze, and manipulate single cells and entire biological specimens. Despite the importance of optical imaging for biological sample monitoring in microfluidics, imaging is traditionally achieved by placing microfluidics channels in standard bench-top optical microscopes. Recently, the development of either integrated optical elements or lensless imaging methods allowed optical imaging techniques to be implemented in lab on chip systems, thus increasing their automation, compactness, and portability. In this review, we discuss known solutions to implement microscopes on chip that exploit different optical methods such as bright-field, phase contrast, holographic, and fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Paiè
- Istituto di Fotonica e NanotecnologieConsiglio Nazionale dell RicerchePiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanItaly
| | - Rebeca Martínez Vázquez
- Istituto di Fotonica e NanotecnologieConsiglio Nazionale dell RicerchePiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanItaly
| | - Roberto Osellame
- Istituto di Fotonica e NanotecnologieConsiglio Nazionale dell RicerchePiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanItaly
- Dipartimento di FisicaPolitecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanItaly
| | - Francesca Bragheri
- Istituto di Fotonica e NanotecnologieConsiglio Nazionale dell RicerchePiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanItaly
| | - Andrea Bassi
- Istituto di Fotonica e NanotecnologieConsiglio Nazionale dell RicerchePiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanItaly
- Dipartimento di FisicaPolitecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanItaly
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Abstract
Bioreactors have become indispensable tools in the cell-based therapy industry. Various forms of bioreactors are used to maintain well-controlled microenvironments to regulate cell growth, differentiation, and tissue development. They are essential for providing standardized, reproducible cell-based products for regenerative medicine applications or to establish physiologically relevant
in vitro models for testing of pharmacologic agents. In this review, we discuss three main classes of bioreactors: cell expansion bioreactors, tissue engineering bioreactors, and lab-on-a-chip systems. We briefly examine the factors driving concerted research endeavors in each of these areas and describe the major advancements that have been reported in the last three years. Emerging issues that impact the commercialization and clinical use of bioreactors include (i) the need to scale up to greater cell quantities and larger graft sizes, (ii) simplification of
in vivo systems to function without exogenous stem cells or growth factors or both, and (iii) increased control in the manufacture and monitoring of miniaturized systems to better capture complex tissue and organ physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makeda Stephenson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Warren Grayson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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42
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Hárendarčíková L, Petr J. Smartphones & microfluidics: Marriage for the future. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1319-1328. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Hárendarčíková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Jan Petr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
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Müller V, Sousa JM, Ceylan Koydemir H, Veli M, Tseng D, Cerqueira L, Ozcan A, Azevedo NF, Westerlund F. Identification of pathogenic bacteria in complex samples using a smartphone based fluorescence microscope. RSC Adv 2018; 8:36493-36502. [PMID: 35558922 PMCID: PMC9088845 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06473c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnostics based on fluorescence imaging of biomolecules is typically performed in well-equipped laboratories and is in general not suitable for remote and resource limited settings. Here we demonstrate the development of a compact, lightweight and cost-effective smartphone-based fluorescence microscope, capable of detecting signals from fluorescently labeled bacteria. By optimizing a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay, we demonstrate the use of the smartphone-based microscope for rapid identification of pathogenic bacteria. We evaluated the use of both a general nucleic acid stain as well as species-specific PNA probes and demonstrated that the mobile platform can detect bacteria with a sensitivity comparable to that of a conventional fluorescence microscope. The PNA-based FISH assay, in combination with the smartphone-based fluorescence microscope, allowed us to qualitatively analyze pathogenic bacteria in contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF) at initial concentrations prior to cultivation as low as 10 CFU per 30 g of PIF. Importantly, the detection can be done directly on the smartphone screen, without the need for additional image analysis. The assay should be straightforward to adapt for bacterial identification also in clinical samples. The cost-effectiveness, field-portability and simplicity of this platform will create various opportunities for its use in resource limited settings and point-of-care offices, opening up a myriad of additional applications based on other fluorescence-based diagnostic assays. A smartphone-based fluorescence microscope for detection of bacteria in complex samples using a species-specific peptide nucleic acid probe.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilhelm Müller
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering
- Chalmers University of Technology
- Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | | | - Hatice Ceylan Koydemir
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
- Bioengineering Department
| | - Muhammed Veli
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
- Bioengineering Department
| | - Derek Tseng
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
- Bioengineering Department
| | | | - Aydogan Ozcan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
- Bioengineering Department
| | - Nuno F. Azevedo
- LEPABE
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto
- 4200-465 Porto
- Portugal
| | - Fredrik Westerlund
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering
- Chalmers University of Technology
- Gothenburg
- Sweden
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44
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Geng Z, Zhang X, Fan Z, Lv X, Su Y, Chen H. Recent Progress in Optical Biosensors Based on Smartphone Platforms. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17112449. [PMID: 29068375 PMCID: PMC5713127 DOI: 10.3390/s17112449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With a rapid improvement of smartphone hardware and software, especially complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) cameras, many optical biosensors based on smartphone platforms have been presented, which have pushed the development of the point-of-care testing (POCT). Imaging-based and spectrometry-based detection techniques have been widely explored via different approaches. Combined with the smartphone, imaging-based and spectrometry-based methods are currently used to investigate a wide range of molecular properties in chemical and biological science for biosensing and diagnostics. Imaging techniques based on smartphone-based microscopes are utilized to capture microscale analysts, while spectrometry-based techniques are used to probe reactions or changes of molecules. Here, we critically review the most recent progress in imaging-based and spectrometry-based smartphone-integrated platforms that have been developed for chemical experiments and biological diagnosis. We focus on the analytical performance and the complexity for implementation of the platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Geng
- School of Information Engineering, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiong Zhang
- School of Information Engineering, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yue Su
- State Key Laboratory for Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hongda Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
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45
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Smartphone-based multi-contrast microscope using color-multiplexed illumination. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7564. [PMID: 28790342 PMCID: PMC5548908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07703-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a portable multi-contrast microscope capable of producing bright-field, dark-field, and differential phase contrast images of thin biological specimens on a smartphone platform. The microscopy method is based on an imaging scheme termed “color-coded light-emitting-diode (LED) microscopy (cLEDscope),” in which a specimen is illuminated with a color-coded LED array and light transmitted through the specimen is recorded by a color image sensor. Decomposition of the image into red, green, and blue colors and subsequent computation enable multi-contrast imaging in a single shot. In order to transform a smartphone into a multi-contrast imaging device, we developed an add-on module composed of a patterned color micro-LED array, specimen stage, and miniature objective. Simple installation of this module onto a smartphone enables multi-contrast imaging of transparent specimens. In addition, an Android-based app was implemented to acquire an image, perform the associated computation, and display the multi-contrast images in real time. Herein, the details of our smartphone module and experimental demonstrations with various biological specimens are presented.
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46
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Cho S, Yoon JY. Organ-on-a-chip for assessing environmental toxicants. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 45:34-42. [PMID: 28088094 PMCID: PMC5474140 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Man-made xenobiotics, whose potential toxicological effects are not fully understood, are oversaturating the already-contaminated environment. Due to the rate of toxicant accumulation, unmanaged disposal, and unknown adverse effects to the environment and the human population, there is a crucial need to screen for environmental toxicants. Animal models and in vitro models are ineffective models in predicting in vivo responses due to inter-species difference and/or lack of physiologically-relevant 3D tissue environment. Such conventional screening assays possess limitations that prevent dynamic understanding of toxicants and their metabolites produced in the human body. Organ-on-a-chip systems can recapitulate in vivo like environment and subsequently in vivo like responses generating a realistic mock-up of human organs of interest, which can potentially provide human physiology-relevant models for studying environmental toxicology. Feasibility, tunability, and low-maintenance features of organ-on-chips can also make possible to construct an interconnected network of multiple-organs-on-chip toward a realistic human-on-a-chip system. Such interconnected organ-on-a-chip network can be efficiently utilized for toxicological studies by enabling the study of metabolism, collective response, and fate of toxicants through its journey in the human body. Further advancements can address the challenges of this technology, which potentiates high predictive power for environmental toxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohee Cho
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA
| | - Jeong-Yeol Yoon
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0020, USA.
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47
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Aziz AUR, Geng C, Fu M, Yu X, Qin K, Liu B. The Role of Microfluidics for Organ on Chip Simulations. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:E39. [PMID: 28952518 PMCID: PMC5590458 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A multichannel three-dimensional chip of a microfluidic cell culture which enables the simulation of organs is called an "organ on a chip" (OC). With the integration of many other technologies, OCs have been mimicking organs, substituting animal models, and diminishing the time and cost of experiments which is better than the preceding conventional in vitro models, which make them imperative tools for finding functional properties, pathological states, and developmental studies of organs. In this review, recent progress regarding microfluidic devices and their applications in cell cultures is discussed to explain the advantages and limitations of these systems. Microfluidics is not a solution but only an approach to create a controlled environment, however, other supporting technologies are needed, depending upon what is intended to be achieved. Microfluidic platforms can be integrated with additional technologies to enhance the organ on chip simulations. Besides, new directions and areas are mentioned for interested researchers in this field, and future challenges regarding the simulation of OCs are also discussed, which will make microfluidics more accurate and beneficial for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ur Rehman Aziz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Chunyang Geng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Mengjie Fu
- Dalian Institute of Maternal and Child Health Care. Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Dalian Institute of Maternal and Child Health Care. Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Kairong Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, China.
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48
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Zhang YS, Aleman J, Shin SR, Kilic T, Kim D, Mousavi Shaegh SA, Massa S, Riahi R, Chae S, Hu N, Avci H, Zhang W, Silvestri A, Sanati Nezhad A, Manbohi A, De Ferrari F, Polini A, Calzone G, Shaikh N, Alerasool P, Budina E, Kang J, Bhise N, Ribas J, Pourmand A, Skardal A, Shupe T, Bishop CE, Dokmeci MR, Atala A, Khademhosseini A. Multisensor-integrated organs-on-chips platform for automated and continual in situ monitoring of organoid behaviors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E2293-E2302. [PMID: 28265064 PMCID: PMC5373350 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1612906114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip systems are miniaturized microfluidic 3D human tissue and organ models designed to recapitulate the important biological and physiological parameters of their in vivo counterparts. They have recently emerged as a viable platform for personalized medicine and drug screening. These in vitro models, featuring biomimetic compositions, architectures, and functions, are expected to replace the conventional planar, static cell cultures and bridge the gap between the currently used preclinical animal models and the human body. Multiple organoid models may be further connected together through the microfluidics in a similar manner in which they are arranged in vivo, providing the capability to analyze multiorgan interactions. Although a wide variety of human organ-on-a-chip models have been created, there are limited efforts on the integration of multisensor systems. However, in situ continual measuring is critical in precise assessment of the microenvironment parameters and the dynamic responses of the organs to pharmaceutical compounds over extended periods of time. In addition, automated and noninvasive capability is strongly desired for long-term monitoring. Here, we report a fully integrated modular physical, biochemical, and optical sensing platform through a fluidics-routing breadboard, which operates organ-on-a-chip units in a continual, dynamic, and automated manner. We believe that this platform technology has paved a potential avenue to promote the performance of current organ-on-a-chip models in drug screening by integrating a multitude of real-time sensors to achieve automated in situ monitoring of biophysical and biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shrike Zhang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139;
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Julio Aleman
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Tugba Kilic
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir 35620, Turkey
| | - Duckjin Kim
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavi Shaegh
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9176699199, Iran
| | - Solange Massa
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Graduate School Program in Biomedicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Reza Riahi
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Sukyoung Chae
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Ning Hu
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Huseyin Avci
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26030, Turkey
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Antonia Silvestri
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin 10129, Italy
| | - Amir Sanati Nezhad
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidics Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ahmad Manbohi
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Marine Science, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, Tehran 1411813389, Iran
| | - Fabio De Ferrari
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin 10129, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Giovanni Calzone
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Noor Shaikh
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Division of Engineering Science, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A4
| | - Parissa Alerasool
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Erica Budina
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Jian Kang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Nupura Bhise
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - João Ribas
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Doctoral Program in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3030-789, Portugal
| | - Adel Pourmand
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz 5331711111, Iran
| | - Aleksander Skardal
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Thomas Shupe
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Colin E Bishop
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139;
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia
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Roda A, Calabretta MM, Calabria D, Caliceti C, Cevenini L, Lopreside A, Zangheri M. Smartphone-Based Biosensors for Bioanalytics. PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE CHALLENGES OF BIOSENSORS AND BIOANALYTICAL TOOLS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY: A TRIBUTE TO PROFESSOR MARCO MASCINI 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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