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Xiang G, Teng Z, Yang L, He Y. Longitudinal relationships among sociocultural pressure for body image, self-concept clarity, and emotional well-being in adolescents. J Adolesc 2024; 96:98-111. [PMID: 37787102 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined the longitudinal relationships among sociocultural pressure for body image (SPBI), self-concept clarity (SCC), and emotional well-being (EWB) at both the between- and within-person levels. METHODS The participants were 2001 Chinese adolescents (age range 11-24, 42.9% males). Recruitment of participants occurred for 1 year across three waves (i.e., 6 months apart across three cohorts). The baseline and follow-up questionnaire surveys were utilized to assess SPBI, SCC, EWB, and background variables. Longitudinal associations between the above main variables were tested using a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) and multilevel regression analysis. RESULTS The CLPM and multilevel-model analysis showed that SCC longitudinally mediated the relationships between SPBI and EWB. Besides, gender and age were considered moderators in the associations among SPBI, SCC, and EWB. CONCLUSIONS SCC could be an underlying mechanism for the longitudinal relationship between SPBI and EWB among Chinese adolescents, which provides a potential intervention target for improving adolescents' well-being from a sociocultural framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcan Xiang
- Tian Jiabing College of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Zhaojun Teng
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linchuan Yang
- Tian Jiabing College of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yanyan He
- Tian Jiabing College of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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Ali SI, Keel PK. Examining the association between deficits in self-concept clarity and eating disorder severity. Eat Behav 2023; 51:101810. [PMID: 37690171 PMCID: PMC10872604 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to (1) compare self-concept clarity (SCC; the degree to which a person possesses a confidently defined, internally consistent, and stable sense of self) between female participants with and without eating disorders, (2) examine associations between SCC deficits and severity of eating disorder specific and related psychopathology in individuals with eating disorders, and (3) determine if there is a unique association between SCC deficits and eating disorder severity, controlling for related psychopathology. METHOD Participants (M age = 23.16 years) with eating disorders (n = 121) and controls (n = 63) completed semi-structured clinical interviews and self-report assessments. RESULTS SCC deficits were significantly greater in the eating disorder compared to the control group. In the eating disorder group, greater SCC deficits were significantly associated with greater severity of eating pathology, depression, impulsivity, and trait anxiety. In a hierarchical regression analysis, significant associations between SCC deficits and Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) Global scores were better accounted for by shared variance with anxiety. DISCUSSION SCC deficits may reflect a transdiagnostic feature related to the severity of a range of mental health problems, suggesting potential benefit of transdiagnostic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarrah I Ali
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Pamela K Keel
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
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Xie Y, Shen Y, Wu J. Cumulative childhood trauma and mobile phone addiction among chinese college students: role of self-esteem and self-concept clarity as serial mediators. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37359599 PMCID: PMC10172069 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04734-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of people's lives, and their use has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, mobile phone addiction has also become a growing concern. This study investigates how cumulative childhood trauma relates to mobile phone addiction among Chinese college students, and the subsequent role of self-esteem and self-concept clarity. A sample of Chinese college students (N = 620) were investigated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Self-Concept Clarity Scale. The results showed that: (1) cumulative childhood trauma significantly and positively predicted mobile phone addiction among college students; (2) self-esteem mediated the association between cumulative childhood trauma and mobile phone addiction; and (3) self-esteem and self-concept clarity had a sequential mediating effect on the relationship between cumulative childhood trauma and mobile phone addiction. Thus, this study is a reminder to focus on the combined role of multiple adverse experiences and self-system factors in the intervention of mobile phone addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzi Xie
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Yinqi Shen
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Jixia Wu
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
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Yang W, Tang L, Shen X, Niu G, Shi X, Jin S, Zhang Y, Yuan Z. Parental Phubbing and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms during COVID-19: A Serial Meditating Model. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050371. [PMID: 37232608 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, depressive symptoms, a common emotional problem among adolescents, have become more prominent. Regarding the influencing factors of adolescent depressive symptoms, it is widely accepted that parents' problematic cellphone use around the family (specifically parental phubbing) is a strong predictive factor for the development of depressive symptoms among adolescents. Notably, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a sharp increase in the number of individuals with depressive symptoms, and the negative consequences of parental phubbing and depressive symptoms might have been exacerbated. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the association between parental phubbing and adolescent depressive symptoms as well as their underlying mechanism. METHOD To test our hypotheses, we conducted an offline/online survey with 614 adolescents in Central China from May to June 2022, which corresponded to a period of strict lockdowns in some areas due to the outbreak of the Omicron variant. The participants completed a set of measures, including a technology interference questionnaire, a parent-child relationship scale, a self-concept clarity scale, and the depressive symptoms scale. RESULTS Parental phubbing was positively associated with adolescent depressive symptoms; the parent-child relationship and self-concept clarity could independently mediate this relationship; and the parent-child relationship and self-concept clarity were also serial mediators in this association. These findings extend previous research by highlighting the impact of parental technology use on their children and the underlying mechanism explaining adolescent depressive symptoms. They provide practical recommendations for parents to prioritize fostering a positive family environment and minimizing phubbing behaviors to enhance adolescent development, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Lingui Middle School, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Xiangping Shen
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Gengfeng Niu
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Central China Normal University Branch, Wuhan 430079, China
- Center for Research on Internet Literacy and Behavior, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaohan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Siyu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yumang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zihui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
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van der Cruijsen R, Blankenstein NE, Spaans JP, Peters S, Crone EA. Longitudinal self-concept development in adolescence. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:6987492. [PMID: 36639935 PMCID: PMC10036877 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This longitudinal behavioral neuroimaging study tested two hypotheses concerning self-concept development in adolescence: domain-specific self-concept and similarity between own (direct) and perceived peers' (reflected) opinions of the self. Participants (N = 189; 10-24 years) evaluated their traits in academic, physical appearance and prosocial domains from direct and reflected perspectives in an functional magnetic resonance imaging session across three time points (TP1: n = 160; TP2: n = 151; TP3: n = 144). Behaviorally, we observed a mid-adolescent dip in self-concept positivity, which was strongest for the academic domain, showing domain differentiation in mid-adolescence. Self-evaluations were associated with activity in, e.g. medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and temporal-parietal junction (TPJ). mPFC showed an adolescent-emerging peak in activation, pronounced more for direct than reflected self-evaluations. TPJ activation was generally stronger for reflected self-evaluations, and activation linearly increased with age for both reflected and direct self-evaluations. Longitudinal prediction analyses showed that positivity of self-evaluations predicted increases in self-concept clarity and less fear of negative evaluation 1 and 2 years later, highlighting the developmental benefits of acquiring a positive self-concept. Together, we show that adolescent self-development is characterized by dissociable neural patterns underlying self-evaluations in different domains, and from reflected and direct perspectives, confirming adolescence as a formative phase for developing a coherent and positive self-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renske van der Cruijsen
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam 3062 PA, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje E Blankenstein
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands
| | - Jochem P Spaans
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam 3062 PA, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Peters
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline A Crone
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam 3062 PA, The Netherlands
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands
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Vartanian LR, Nicholls K, Fardouly J. Testing the Identity Disruption Model among Adolescents: Pathways Connecting Adverse Childhood Experiences to Body Dissatisfaction. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:134-148. [PMID: 36242696 PMCID: PMC9813004 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01683-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Identity Disruption Model posits that early adversity is associated with lower self-concept clarity, which in turn increases vulnerability to sociocultural appearance factors and body dissatisfaction, but this model has not previously been tested among adolescents. Testing the model during adolescence is critical because this is a key point of development of both identity and body dissatisfaction. This paper presents two studies with adolescents recruited through social media (Study 1: n = 213; 78% female; mean age = 15.7 years, SD = 1.14) and from high schools (Study 2; n = 228; 43% female; mean age = 13.8 years, SD = 1.15). In both studies, self-reported early adversity was associated with lower self-concept clarity; lower self-concept clarity was associated with greater internalization of appearance ideals and more frequent appearance comparisons; and internalization and appearance comparisons were associated with greater body dissatisfaction. This research builds on previous sociocultural models of body dissatisfaction by pointing to processes that occur early in life that could be potential targets of intervention and prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate Nicholls
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jasmine Fardouly
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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7
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Rosenberg T, Lahav Y, Ginzburg K. Child abuse and eating disorder symptoms: Shedding light on the contribution of identification with the aggressor. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 135:105988. [PMID: 36493509 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood abuse has been increasingly recognized as a risk factor for eating disorder symptoms. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that childhood abuse may lead to identification with the aggressor, an automatic defensive process, to survive the abuse. Although it has been clinically implied, the role of identification with the aggressor as a potential mechanism underlying the relation between childhood abuse and eating disorder symptoms has not yet been empirically explored. OBJECTIVE This study examines the role of identification with the aggressor as mediator in the association between history of childhood abuse and eating disorder symptoms among adults. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A convenience sample of 198 participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing history of childhood abuse, eating disorder symptoms, and the various facets of identification with the aggressor. RESULTS Severity of childhood abuse was significantly associated with shape and weight overevaluation, body dissatisfaction, and binge eating, as well as with all components of identification with the aggressor. In addition, almost all components of identification with the aggressor were significantly associated with eating disorder symptoms. Finally, identifying with the perpetrator's aggression mediated the association between childhood abuse and eating disorder symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings may contribute to future clinical interventions by illuminating identification with the aggressor as an important aspect in treating eating disorders. Understanding the pervasive effects of identification with the aggressor on survivors' self and their interactions with others may point to the significance of the therapeutic relationship, through which survivors can reprocess and weaken its detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Rosenberg
- Tel Aviv University, Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Gershon H. Gordon Faculty of Social Sciences, Israel
| | - Yael Lahav
- Department of Occupational Therapy, The Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Karni Ginzburg
- Tel Aviv University, Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Gershon H. Gordon Faculty of Social Sciences, Israel.
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8
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Brewerton TD. Mechanisms by which adverse childhood experiences, other traumas and PTSD influence the health and well-being of individuals with eating disorders throughout the life span. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:162. [PMID: 36372878 PMCID: PMC9661783 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple published sources from around the world have confirmed an association between an array of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and other traumatic events with eating disorders (EDs) and related adverse outcomes, including higher morbidity and mortality. METHODS In keeping with this Special Issue's goals, this narrative review focuses on the ACEs pyramid and its purported mechanisms through which child maltreatment and other forms of violence toward human beings influence the health and well-being of individuals who develop EDs throughout the life span. Relevant literature on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highlighted when applicable. RESULTS At every level of the pyramid, it is shown that EDs interact with each of these proclaimed escalating mechanisms in a bidirectional manner that contributes to the predisposition, precipitation and perpetuation of EDs and related medical and psychiatric comorbidities, which then predispose to early death. The levels and their interactions that are discussed include the contribution of generational embodiment (genetics) and historical trauma (epigenetics), social conditions and local context, the ACEs and other traumas themselves, the resultant disrupted neurodevelopment, subsequent social, emotional and cognitive impairment, the adoption of health risk behaviors, and the development of disease, disability and social problems, all resulting in premature mortality by means of fatal complications and/or suicide. CONCLUSIONS The implications of these cascading, evolving, and intertwined perspectives have important implications for the assessment and treatment of EDs using trauma-informed care and trauma-focused integrated treatment approaches. This overview offers multiple opportunities at every level for the palliation and prevention of EDs and other associated trauma-related conditions, including PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Brewerton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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Cui J, Fang Y. Mediating effects of self-concept clarity and self-objectification on the relationship between celebrity worship and the process of considering cosmetic surgery among Chinese undergraduates. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:259. [DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00975-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Several studies have examined the relationship between celebrity worship and cosmetic surgery; however, few have discussed the mediating role of self-concept. To fill this research gap, the present study aims to examine the mediating roles of self-concept clarity and self-objectification in the association between celebrity worship and cosmetic surgery.
Methods
A sample of 1,089 Chinese undergraduates (Mage = 20.32; SDage = 2.60) completed measures of celebrity worship, actively considering cosmetic surgery, self-concept clarity, and self-objectification. Mediating effect analysis was used to test the hypothesis.
Results
The results showed that celebrity worship, cosmetic surgery consideration, and self-objectification were positively correlated, whereas self-concept clarity was negatively correlated with all three variables. Mediation analysis revealed that celebrity worship predicted consideration of cosmetic surgery not only directly but also through three indirect paths through the mediating role of (1) self-concept clarity, (2) self-objectification, and (3) the chain mediating role of self-concept clarity and self-objectification.
Conclusions
These findings broaden our understanding of the psychological processes that underlie the association between celebrity worship and considering cosmetic surgery and afford practical guidance on reducing the risks associated with cosmetic surgery.
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Geng J, Wang Y, Wang P, Zeng P, Lei L. Gender Differences between Cyberbullying Victimization and Meaning in Life: Roles of Fatalism and Self-Concept Clarity. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP17157-NP17181. [PMID: 34167374 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211028285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite widely linking cyberbullying victimization (CV) to some poorer mental health outcomes, CV also negatively impacts the internal strengths that make life worth living, such as meaning in life, which has received less attention. This study thus aimed to examine the relationship between CV and presence of meaning in life as well as the mediating roles of fatalism and self-concept clarity in this relationship. Gender differences in the mediation model were also examined. A sample of 766 Chinese junior school students (M = 13.11 years, SD = 1.19 years) completed questionnaires regarding CV, presence of meaning, self-concept clarity, and fatalism. The results revealed that CV was significantly and positively correlated with presence of meaning. Structural equation modeling indicated that self-concept clarity and fatalism completely mediated the link between CV and presence of meaning in parallel and sequential manners. The multigroup analysis further showed that CV was positively related to fatalism only among girls and had a stronger negative association with self-concept clarity for girls compared with boys. Thus, the indirect link between CV and presence of meaning was stronger for girls (versus boys). Findings suggested that CV was associated with poor self-concept clarity, stronger fatalism, and low levels of presence of meaning in life among adolescents, especially for girls. Increasing self-concept clarity and decreasing fatalistic beliefs are thus necessary to help cyberbullying victims to develop meaning in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Geng
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Zeng
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Li Lei
- School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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Zhang X, Li C, Ma W. The Direct and Indirect Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Depressive Symptoms and Self-esteem of Children: Does Gender Make a Difference? Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00871-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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12
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Chen F, Yan CC, Wang L, Lou XJ. The Effect of Alternative vs. Focal Identity Accessibility on the Intent to Purchase Products: An Exploratory Study Based on Chinese Culture. Front Psychol 2022; 13:852505. [PMID: 35747686 PMCID: PMC9209770 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.852505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Much of early western research has focused on identity. A primed identity can inhibit the priming of other alternative identities, and also negatively affect the intention to purchase products related to those alternative identities. In western culture, individuals operate within a cultural framework that makes them more likely to prioritize their own goals and less likely to rely on environmental factors when evaluating others. Individuals are more likely to choose products that fit their primed identity. In this study, we suggest that in collectivist Chinese culture, individuals may give priority to group-level goals and attach more importance to situational factors when evaluating others. Therefore, a primed identity may not necessarily inhibit the priming of alternative identities. In this research, we examine the association between a focal identity and alternative identities, with particular emphasis on the accessibility, discrepancies, and effects on purchase intention of alternative identities. We also examine the intent to purchase products related to the alternative identity vs. the focal identity, developing a model with which to explore this construct. We test four hypotheses through experiments using an online questionnaire and analyzing the resulting data using statistical product service solutions (SPSS) 22.0 and the PROCESS macro modeling tool. The results are as follows: First, the association between a focal identity and alternative identity has a positive impact on the accessibility of the alternative identity. The clearer the alternative identity is, the greater the impact of the association between the focal identity and alternative identity on the latter's accessibility. Second, the accessibility of the alternative identity has a positive impact on the intent to purchase alternative identity vs. focal identity-related products. The greater the discrepancy between the focal identity and the alternative identity, the greater the impact on the intent to purchase alternative identity vs. focal identity-related products. The results of this study confirmed the interaction between identity association and the clarity of the alternative identity, as well as the influence of the accessibility of the alternative identity on the intent to purchase alternative identity vs. focal identity-related products. We contribute to the development of a theory on intention to purchase identity-related products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- College of Business Administration, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics (NBUFE), Ningbo, China
| | - Cheng Cheng Yan
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Business Administration, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics (NBUFE), Ningbo, China
| | - Xiao Jing Lou
- College of Finance and Information, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics (NBUFE), Ningbo, China
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13
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Vartanian LR, Hayward LE, Carter JJ. Incorporating physical appearance into one’s sense of self: Self-concept clarity, thin-ideal internalization, and appearance-self integration. SELF AND IDENTITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2022.2070538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lenny R. Vartanian
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lydia E. Hayward
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeanne J. Carter
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
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Koroma D, Pestalozzi MI, Znoj H. How Social Exclusion, Embitterment, and Conspiracy Beliefs Mediate Individual's Intention to Vaccination against COVID-19: Results from a Moderated Serial Mediation Analysis. Psychopathology 2022; 55:93-103. [PMID: 35016189 PMCID: PMC8805074 DOI: 10.1159/000521016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As Switzerland faced the "second wave" of COVID-19 incidences, a discussion of a potential vaccine against the virus emerged. While some individuals accept vaccines, others challenge or refuse to be vaccinated, a phenomena called vaccine hesitancy. Here, trust plays a vital role in vaccination intention. Embitterment not only goes along with the sense of being treated unjust but also innates a distrust in others. Thus, embitterment may influence individuals' vaccination intention against COVID-19. In the present study, we investigate how feelings of being socially excluded and the perceived negative impact of the pandemic are associated with embitterment and in turn, how embitterment is related to individuals' vaccination intention and the tendency to hold COVID-19-related conspiracy beliefs (CCBs). This is in regard of the perceived communication style by the government. METHOD A convenience sample of 281 individuals completed an online survey developed on Qualtrics. In this cross-sectional, nonexperimental designed study, indirect effects of a moderated serial mediation were analyzed using Jamm (Jamovi, Version 0.9; 2019). RESULTS Results indicated that embitterment went along with increased feelings of social exclusion (β = 0.45, p < 0.001). Further, individuals high in embitterment generally indicated a higher vaccination intention against COVID-19 (β = 0.15, p < 0.01). However, embittered individuals holding CCBs had a decreased vaccination intention against COVID-19 (β = -0.71, p < 0.001). Thus, whether or not embittered individuals develop CCBs might be a crucial determinant for their vaccination intention. Noteworthy, the relationship between embitterment and the tendency to hold CCBs was reinforced by the notion of an unsatisfactory style of communication by the government. CONCLUSION Taken together, results suggest that embitterment not only plays a relevant role in vaccination intention against COVID-19 but also for the susceptibility to engage in conspiracy beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Koroma
- Department of Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Psychology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Maria I Pestalozzi
- Department of Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Psychology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Hansjörg Znoj
- Department of Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Psychology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
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15
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The impact of appearance comments by parents,
peers and romantic partners on eating behaviour
in a sample of young women. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2021. [DOI: 10.5114/hpr.2021.111294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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16
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Lydecker JA, Cunningham PM, O'Brien E, Grilo CM. Parents' perceptions of parent-child interactions related to eating and body image: an experimental vignette study. Eat Disord 2020; 28:272-288. [PMID: 30977721 PMCID: PMC6790154 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2019.1598767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Parents are key to children's health because they can influence children's eating behavior and body image and can make health-related decisions for children. Despite their influence, research on parents' opinions about parenting practices related to weight and eating is limited. Experimental vignettes examined parents' perceptions of parent-child interactions around body image, eating, and weight loss. We manipulated vignette-child weight (healthy-weight, overweight) and communication tone (positive, negative, neutral) to assess their influence on parents' perceptions. Parents (N = 233, 27.5% fathers, 72.5% mothers) were randomly assigned to read one of six vignettes. When the vignette-child had overweight, parents were more likely to recommend seeking help for body image and that the vignette-parent should choose the restaurant food order. Parents were less opposed to commenting on the vignette-child's weight when tone was positive. Parents were more likely to recommend weight-loss efforts that could be implemented by the family rather than those requiring professional assistance. This study is among the first to examine parents' opinions about parenting practices related to weight and eating using an experimental design. Findings might inform future research and continued work on prevention and treatment applications to help align parents' existing opinions about weight and eating with evidence-based health-promoting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet A Lydecker
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paige M Cunningham
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elizabeth O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Psychology, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT, USA
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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17
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Hayward LE, Vartanian LR, Kwok C, Newby JM. How might childhood adversity predict adult psychological distress? Applying the Identity Disruption Model to understanding depression and anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:112-119. [PMID: 32090732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experiencing adversity in childhood is associated with increased risk of a range of psychopathologies, including depression and anxiety disorders. However, there is limited understanding of psychological mechanisms that may help to explain these relationships. The Identity Disruption Model proposes that early adversity can disrupt typical identity development, which may then increase one's vulnerability to psychopathology. The present study aims to apply the Identity Disruption Model to understanding symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and social anxiety. METHODS A non-clinical sample of adults from the United States (n = 382) completed an online survey assessing early adversity, self-concept clarity, intolerance of uncertainty, and depression, generalized anxiety, OCD, and social anxiety symptoms. Structural equation models: (1) tested whether early adversity predicts psychopathology via a disrupted sense of self, and (2) explored the role of intolerance of uncertainty in the relationship between early adversity and psychopathology. RESULTS Early adversity predicted more severe symptoms of depression and anxiety via lower self-concept clarity. Furthermore, a parallel mediation model showed that self-concept clarity and intolerance of uncertainty simultaneously mediated the relationship between early adversity and psychopathology. LIMITATIONS The data are cross-sectional in nature and longitudinal research is needed to more conclusively test the causal pathways. CONCLUSIONS Disrupted identity may be one mechanism through which childhood adversity predicts depression and anxiety disorder symptoms later in life. The Identity Disruption Model provides new avenues for future research and suggests potential points of early intervention for the prevention of depression and anxiety disorders.
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18
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Vartanian LR, Hayward LE. Dimensions of internalization relevant to the identity disruption model of body dissatisfaction. Body Image 2020; 32:1-4. [PMID: 31733409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Identity Disruption Model posits that negative early life experiences are associated with disrupted personal identity, which in turn increases the risk of internalizing societal standards of attractiveness and body dissatisfaction. Although internalization plays a central role in this model, it is unclear which aspect(s) of internalization (awareness, endorsement, or internalization) are most relevant to the Identity Disruption Model. To address this issue, female participants (N = 278) completed measures of the following constructs: early adversity; self-concept clarity; awareness, endorsement, and internalization of societal standards of attractiveness; and body dissatisfaction. Self-concept clarity was negatively correlated with internalization (r = -.45, p < .001), but was not significantly correlated with awareness (r = -.05) or endorsement (r = -.11). Furthermore, structural equational modeling showed that there was a significant indirect path from early adversity to self-concept clarity to internalization to body dissatisfaction (unstandardized b = .015, SEboot = .004, p < .001). The indirect paths through awareness and endorsement were not significant. These findings help clarify the Identity Disruption Model by indicating that lower self-concept clarity is specifically associated with taking on societal standards as personally meaningful beliefs, rather than with mere awareness of, or agreement with, those standards.
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19
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Abstract
Establishing a positive body image is a critical factor for adolescents’ physical and mental health as it leads to sustainable individual growth and development throughout their lives. Therefore, possible personality traits need to be examined for their capability as protective factors for a healthy body image. The current study examined how one internal personality trait (self-concept clarity) and three external factors (tripartite influence from media, parents, and peers) are associated with adolescents’ internalization of the thin-body ideal and body esteem in a sample of Korean adolescents (N = 1127). Self-concept clarity was identified as a powerful factor that is positively related with body esteem. The results showed that greater self-concept clarity, lower tripartite influences and thin body internalization were related to greater body esteem. Gender differences were found in the relationships between body esteem and the predictor variables. The implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed.
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20
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Ayu Putu Widani Sugianingrat I, Rini Widyawati S, Alexandra de Jesus da Costa C, Ximenes M, Dos Reis Piedade S, Gede Sarmawa W. The employee engagement and OCB as mediating on employee performance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTIVITY AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/ijppm-03-2018-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of ethical leadership on employee performance, with the employee engagement and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) as mediating variables.Design/methodology/approachThe design of this study was to ascertain the predictive generalizations truth of the theory. The population in this study was all employees of non-star hotels in Sarbagita area of Bali.FindingsFirst, ethical leadership does not have a significant effect on employee performance, where the increase in leadership value is not able to provide a significant improvement in the performance of non-star hotel employees in the Sarbagita area of Bali. Second, employee engagement is able to mediate ethical leadership in improving employee performance. Third, the OCB will be able to play a role in mediating the influence of ethical leadership on employee performance if it passes the mediating role of employee engagement first.Originality/valueThe inconsistencies of the previous study results provide evidence and opportunities for this study to review by including mediating variables on ethical leadership and employee performance relationship. The studied variable as a mediating variable is employee engagement. In addition to employee engagement, this study also included the OCB variable as a mediating variable. Several previous studies have identified the influence of ethical leadership, employee engagement and OCB in improving employee performance in separate research models, so there is still a gap for further research.
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21
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Posavac SS, Posavac HD. Adult Separation Anxiety Disorder Symptomology as a Risk Factor for Thin-Ideal Internalization: The Role of Self-Concept Clarity. Psychol Rep 2019; 123:674-686. [PMID: 30744502 DOI: 10.1177/0033294119829440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of when and how individuals compare themselves against standards has been an enduring focus for clinical and social psychology researchers in efforts to facilitate well-being and health. Our study focused on internalization of the societal thin-ideal standard for feminine attractiveness, a construct that has proven to be very important in women's psychological health. Although multiple adverse consequences of thin-ideal internalization have been documented, the understanding of variability in the extent of thin-ideal internalization across women (e.g., why do some women strongly internalize thin-ideal standards when others do not?) is much less well developed. This research was conducted to explore the role of adult separation anxiety disorder (ASAD) symptomology and conceptions of the self in young women's propensity to internalize the thin-ideal attractiveness standard. Results show that elevated ASAD symptoms are associated with greater thin-ideal internalization. A structural equations model demonstrates the reason for this association; young women with higher ASAD symptomology exhibit lower self-concept clarity, which drives greater thin-ideal internalization. This research makes novel practical and conceptual contributions by (a) delineating a new risk factor for the development of thin-ideal internalization, (b) highlighting a previously undocumented vulnerability of women who experience ASAD symptoms, and (c) documenting the relationship between ASAD and lower self-concept clarity. Implications for mental health practitioners are discussed.
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22
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Bardone-Cone AM, Thompson KA, Miller AJ. The self and eating disorders. J Pers 2018; 88:59-75. [PMID: 30506587 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In our review, we focus on self-related constructs in the context of eating disorders with four aims. First, we examine a variety of self-related constructs that have been theoretically and empirically linked to the development and course of eating disorders. In addition to the more well-researched constructs of self-esteem and self-efficacy, we also report on findings related to selflessness, contingent self-worth, self-objectification, ego-syntonicity, self-concept clarity, self-compassion, social comparison, self-oriented perfectionism/self-criticism, and narcissism. Second, we discuss self-related constructs that may be especially relevant to comorbidities common among those with eating disorders. Third, we review intervention and prevention programs where self-related constructs play a prominent role. Lastly, we share future research directions regarding self-related constructs and eating disorders that we believe will advance a deeper understanding of the role of the self in the eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Bardone-Cone
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Katherine A Thompson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Alexandra J Miller
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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23
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Vartanian LR, Hayward LE, Smyth JM, Paxton SJ, Touyz SW. Risk and resiliency factors related to body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: The identity disruption model. Int J Eat Disord 2018; 51:322-330. [PMID: 29394457 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study examined a theoretical model (the identity disruption model) linking negative early life experiences to body dissatisfaction and disordered eating via self-concept clarity and sociocultural factors (internalization of beauty ideals and appearance comparison tendencies). METHOD 1,023 participants (52% women) completed a series of questionnaires online, including measures of negative early life experiences and childhood abuse, self-concept clarity, internalization of beauty ideals, appearance comparison tendencies, sociocultural pressure to improve one's appearance, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating. RESULTS Structural equation modeling indicated that self-reported early adversity was associated with lower self-concept clarity, which in turn was associated with greater internalization of beauty ideals and more frequent appearance comparisons. Internalization and appearance comparisons were associated with body image concerns, which in turn were associated with disordered eating and exercise behaviors. There were few sex differences in these paths. DISCUSSION These findings provide initial conceptual support for the identity disruption model and extend previous models of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating to include processes that occur earlier in life. This model opens up the possibility for new interventions that are targeted toward those who are most vulnerable to developing body dissatisfaction and disordered eating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshua M Smyth
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
| | - Susan J Paxton
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen W Touyz
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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24
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Wong AE, Dirghangi SR, Hart SR. Self-concept clarity mediates the effects of adverse childhood experiences on adult suicide behavior, depression, loneliness, perceived stress, and life distress. SELF AND IDENTITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2018.1439096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E. Wong
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Shrija R. Dirghangi
- Department of Child Development, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
| | - Shelley R. Hart
- Department of Child Development, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
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