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Kubo Y, Kajiyama D, Sato K, Fujita T. Therapeutic Strategy by Neuronal Pentraxin Receptor for Esophageal Squamous Cancer Cells. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:5493-5494. [PMID: 38758486 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kubo
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center East Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Kajiyama
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center East Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sato
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center East Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujita
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center East Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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Rwere F, White JR, Hell RCR, Yu X, Zeng X, McNeil L, Zhou KN, Angst MS, Chen CH, Mochly-Rosen D, Gross ER. Uncovering newly identified aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 genetic variants that lead to acetaldehyde accumulation after an alcohol challenge. J Transl Med 2024; 22:697. [PMID: 39075523 PMCID: PMC11288122 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is critical for alcohol metabolism by converting acetaldehyde to acetic acid. In East Asian descendants, an inactive genetic variant in ALDH2, rs671, triggers an alcohol flushing response due to acetaldehyde accumulation. As alcohol flushing is not exclusive to those of East Asian descent, we questioned whether additional ALDH2 genetic variants can drive facial flushing and inefficient acetaldehyde metabolism using human testing and biochemical assays. METHODS After IRB approval, human subjects were given an alcohol challenge (0.25 g/kg) while quantifying acetaldehyde levels and the physiological response (heart rate and skin temperature) to alcohol. Further, by employing biochemical techniques including human purified ALDH2 proteins and transiently transfected NIH 3T3 cells, we characterized two newly identified ALDH2 variants for ALDH2 enzymatic activity, ALDH2 dimer/tetramer formation, and reactive oxygen species production after alcohol treatment. RESULTS Humans heterozygous for rs747096195 (R101G) or rs190764869 (R114W) had facial flushing and a 2-fold increase in acetaldehyde levels, while rs671 (E504K) had facial flushing and a 6-fold increase in acetaldehyde levels relative to wild type ALDH2 carriers. In vitro studies with recombinant R101G and R114W ALDH2 enzyme showed a reduced efficiency in acetaldehyde metabolism that is unique when compared to E504K or wild-type ALDH2. The effect is caused by a lack of functional dimer/tetramer formation for R101G and decreased Vmax for both R101G and R114W. Transiently transfected NIH-3T3 cells with R101G and R114W also had a reduced enzymatic activity by ~ 50% relative to transfected wild-type ALDH2 and when subjected to alcohol, the R101G and R114W variants had a 2-3-fold increase in reactive oxygen species formation with respect to wild type ALDH2. CONCLUSIONS We identified two additional ALDH2 variants in humans causing facial flushing and acetaldehyde accumulation after alcohol consumption. As alcohol use is associated with a several-fold higher risk for esophageal cancer for the E504K variant, the methodology developed here to characterize ALDH2 genetic variant response to alcohol can lead the way precision medicine strategies to further understand the interplay of alcohol consumption, ALDH2 genetics, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freeborn Rwere
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Joseph R White
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Present address: Department of Anesthesiology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rafaela C R Hell
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xuan Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiaocong Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Present address: Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Leslie McNeil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kevin N Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Martin S Angst
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Eric R Gross
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Cai J, Tan X, Hu Q, Pan H, Zhao M, Guo C, Zeng J, Ma X, Zhao Y. Flavonoids and Gastric Cancer Therapy: From Signaling Pathway to Therapeutic Significance. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3233-3253. [PMID: 39081701 PMCID: PMC11287762 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s466470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal tumor characterized by high mortality and recurrence rates. Current treatments often have limitations, prompting researchers to explore novel anti-tumor substances and develop new drugs. Flavonoids, natural compounds with diverse biological activities, are gaining increasing attention in this regard. We searched from PubMed, Web of Science, SpringerLink and other databases to find the relevant literature in the last two decades. Using "gastric cancer", "stomach cancers", "flavonoid", "bioflavonoid", "2-Phenyl-Chromene" as keywords, were searched, then analyzed and summarized the mechanism of flavonoids in the treatment of GC. It was revealed that the anti-tumor mechanism of flavonoids involves inhibiting tumor growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, as well as inducing cell death through various processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis. Additionally, combining flavonoids with other chemotherapeutic agents like 5-FU and platinum compounds can potentially reduce chemoresistance. Flavonoids have also demonstrated enhanced biological activity when used in combination with other natural products. Consequently, this review proposes innovative perspectives for the development of flavonoids as new anti-GC agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Cai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiyue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huafeng Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Guo
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Liu H, Xu Z, Song C, Lu Y, Li T, Zheng Z, Li M, Ye H, Wang K, Shi J, Wang P. Burden of gastrointestinal cancers among people younger than 50 years in China, 1990 to 2019. Public Health 2024; 234:112-119. [PMID: 38972229 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the burden of early-onset gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in China over three decades. STUDY DESIGN A comprehensive analysis was performed using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. METHODS Data on early-onset GI cancers in 2020 and from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from GLOBOCAN 2020 database and GBD 2019, respectively. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated to analyze the temporal trends using the Joinpoint Regression Program. The Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was used to predict future trends up to 2030. RESULTS In China, there were 185,980 incident cases and 119,116 deaths of early-onset GI cancer in 2020, with the highest incidence and mortality observed in liver cancer (new cases: 71,662; deaths: 62,412). The spectrum of early-onset GI cancers in China has transitioned over the last 30 years. The age-standardized rates of incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years for colorectal and pancreatic cancers exhibited rapid increases (AAPC >0, P ≤ 0.001). The fastest-growing incidence rate was found in colorectal cancer (AAPC: 3.06, P < 0.001). Despite the decreases in liver, gastric, and esophageal cancers, these trends have been reversed or flattened in recent years. High body mass index was found to be the fastest-growing risk factor for early-onset GI cancers (estimated annual percentage change: 2.75-4.19, P < 0.05). Projection analyses showed an increasing trend in age-standardized incidence rates for almost all early-onset GI cancers during 2020-2030. CONCLUSIONS The transitioning pattern of early-onset GI cancers in China emphasizes the urgency of addressing this public health challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - C Song
- The Institution for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Z Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - H Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - K Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China; Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - J Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China; Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - P Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China.
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Jacob J, Millien V, Berger S, Hernaez R, Ketwaroo GA, Flores AG, Hou JK, Jarbrink-Sehgal ME, Khalaf NI, Rosen DG, El-Serag HB, Tan MC. Improving Adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Managing Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Among Gastroenterologists at a US Academic Institution. J Clin Gastroenterol 2024; 58:432-439. [PMID: 37436841 PMCID: PMC10787041 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical guidelines reserve endoscopic surveillance after a gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) diagnosis for high-risk patients. However, it is unclear how closely guidelines are followed in clinical practice. We examined the effectiveness of a standardized protocol for the management of GIM among gastroenterologists at a US hospital. METHODS This was a preintervention and postintervention study, which included developing a protocol and education of gastroenterologists on GIM management. For the preintervention study, 50 patients with GIM were randomly selected from a histopathology database at the Houston VA Hospital between January 2016 and December 2019. For the postintervention study, we assessed change in GIM management in a cohort of 50 patients with GIM between April 2020 and January 2021 and surveyed 10 gastroenterologists. The durability of the intervention was assessed in a cohort of 50 GIM patients diagnosed between April 2021 and July 2021. RESULTS In the preintervention cohort, GIM location was specified (antrum and corpus separated) in 11 patients (22%), and Helicobacter pylori testing was recommended in 11 of 26 patients (42%) without previous testing. Gastric mapping biopsies were recommended in 14% and surveillance endoscopy in 2%. In the postintervention cohort, gastric biopsy location was specified in 45 patients (90%, P <0.001) and H. pylori testing was recommended in 26 of 27 patients without prior testing (96%, P <0.001). Because gastric biopsy location was known in 90% of patients ( P <0.001), gastric mapping was not necessary, and surveillance endoscopy was recommended in 42% ( P <0.001). One year after the intervention, all metrics remained elevated compared with the preintervention cohort. CONCLUSIONS GIM management guidelines are not consistently followed. A protocol for GIM management and education of gastroenterologists increased adherence to H. pylori testing and GIM surveillance recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Jacob
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Scott Berger
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ruben Hernaez
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gyanprakash A. Ketwaroo
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Avegail G. Flores
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jason K. Hou
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Natalia I. Khalaf
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel G. Rosen
- Department of Pathology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hashem B. El-Serag
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mimi C. Tan
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Wang J, Cheng Y, Xiaoran Y, Chen F, Jie W, Yahui H, Yue W, Dong L, Yumei L, Cheng F, Libo Z, Jun Z. Globular adiponectin induces esophageal adenocarcinoma cell pyroptosis via the miR-378a-3p/UHRF1 axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38572808 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiapoptosis is a major factor in the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thus, activation of cell pyroptosis may be an effective option to deal with antiapoptotic cancers such as esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). METHODS Differential expression of ubiquitin-like versus PHD and ring finger structural domain 1 (UHRF1) in EAC and near normal tissues was analyzed, as well as the prognostic impact on survival in EAC. Also, the same study was done for globular adiponectin (gAD). Simultaneously, the mRNA expression of UHRF1 was observed in different EAC cell lines. Real time cellular analysis (RTCA) was used to detect cell proliferation, and flow cytometry and inverted fluorescence microscopy were used to detect pyroptosis. Biocredit analysis was conducted to observe the correlation between UHRF1 and key pyroptosis proteins. OD values and CCK8 assay were used to determine the effect of miR-378a-3p on EAC cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to detect the correlation between UHRF1, gAD, and miR-378a-3p in EAC cells. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to detect the relevant effects on tumor migration and invasion after inhibiting UHRF1 expression. RESULTS UHRF1 was negatively correlated with the survival of patients with EAC, while miR-378a-3p showed the opposite effect. Additionally, gAD promoted EAC cell pyroptosis, upregulated miR-378a-3p, and significantly inhibited the proliferation of EAC cells. gAD directly reduced UHRF1 expression in EAC cells by upregulating miR-378a-3p. In cell migration and invasion assays, inhibition of UHRF1 expression significantly suppressed EAC cell metastasis. In animal experiments, we again demonstrated that gAD induced pyroptosis in EAC cells by inhibiting the expression of UHRF1. CONCLUSION gAD-induced upregulation of miR-378a-3p significantly inhibited the proliferation of EAC by targeting UHRF1. Therefore, gAD may serve as an alternative therapy for chemotherapy- and radiation-refractory EAC or other cancers with the same mechanism of pyroptosis action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yin Xiaoran
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengrong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wu Jie
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huang Yahui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wang Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liu Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Luo Yumei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhang Libo
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhang Jun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Zhang J, Wu H, Wang R, Zhang M. Influencing factors of knowledge proficiency of general practitioners in rural China for esophageal cancer prevention and treatment: a cross-sectional study. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2024; 25:e9. [PMID: 38343367 PMCID: PMC10894722 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423623000701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the knowledge of rural general practitioners (GPs) in esophageal cancer (EC) prevention and treatment in China and analyze relevant influencing factors, so as to improve the ability of rural GPs in EC prevention and treatment. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 5, 2021, to November 20, 2021. A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct an online survey. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify the influencing factors of knowledge proficiency of GPs in rural China for EC prevention and treatment. RESULTS This study included 348 participants from 12 rural areas in Hebei Province. The mean accuracy rate on all question items was 42.3% ± 10.67%. Sex (OR = 2.870, 95% CI: 1.519-5.423), educational level (OR = 3.256, 95% CI: 1.135-9.339), and comprehension of clinical practice guidelines for EC (OR = 4.305, 95% CI: 2.023-9.161) were significant predictors for GPs' knowledge proficiency of EC prevention and treatment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study indicated that knowledge proficiency of rural GPs of EC prevention and control still awaits to be improved. Sex, educational level, and comprehension of clinical practice guidelines for EC were significant predictors for their proficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjia Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ShijiazhuangHebei, China
| | - Huadong Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Rongying Wang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ShijiazhuangHebei, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ShijiazhuangHebei, China
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Gohari K, Saberi S, Esmaieli M, Tashakoripour M, Hosseini ME, Nahvijou A, Mohagheghi MA, Kazemnejad A, Mohammadi M. Development of a gastric cancer risk calculator for questionnaire-based surveillance of Iranian dyspeptic patients. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:39. [PMID: 38238682 PMCID: PMC10797901 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03123-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is considered a silent killer, taking more than three quarters of a million lives annually. Therefore, prior to further costly and invasive diagnostic approaches, an initial GC risk screening is desperately in demand. METHODS In order to develop a simple risk scoring system, the demographic and lifestyle indices from 858 GC and 1132 non-ulcer dyspeptic (NUD) patients were analysed. We applied a multivariate logistic regression approach to identify the association between our target predictors and GC versus NUD. The model performance in classification was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Our questionnaire covering 64 predictors, included known risk factors, such as demographic features, dietary habits, self-reported medical status, narcotics use, and SES indicators. RESULTS Our model segregated GC from NUD patients with the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates of 85.89, 63.9, and 73.03%, respectively, which was confirmed in the development dataset (AUC equal to 86.37%, P < 0.0001). Predictors which contributed most to our GC risk calculator, based on risk scores (RS) and shared percentages (SP), included: 1) older age group [> 70 (RS:+ 241, SP:7.23), 60-70 (RS:+ 221, SP:6.60), 50-60 (RS:+ 134, SP:4.02), 2) history of gastrointestinal cancers (RS:+ 173, SP:5.19), 3) male gender (RS:+ 119, SP:3.55), 4) non-Fars ethnicity (RS:+ 89, SP:2.66), 5) illiteracy of both parents (RS:+ 78, SP:2.38), 6) rural residence (RS:+ 77, SP:2.3), and modifiable dietary behaviors (RS:+ 32 to + 53, SP:0.96 to 1.58). CONCLUSION Our developed risk calculator provides a primary screening step, prior to the subsequent costly and invasive measures. Furthermore, public awareness regarding modifiable risk predictors may encourage and promote lifestyle adjustments and healthy behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiya Gohari
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Saberi
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaieli
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tashakoripour
- Gastroenterology Department, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini
- Gastroenterology Department, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Nahvijou
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anoshirvan Kazemnejad
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marjan Mohammadi
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Mostaghimi T, Bahadoran E, Bakht M, Taheri S, Sadeghi H, Babaei A. Role of lncRNAs in Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric cancers. Life Sci 2024; 336:122316. [PMID: 38035995 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer (GC), and the role of co-infection with viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus, in carcinogenesis cannot be ignored. Furthermore, it is now known that genetic factors such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many diseases, including GC. On the other side, they can also be used as therapeutic goals. Modified lncRNAs can cause aberrant expression of genes encoding proximal proteins, which are essential for the development of carcinoma. In this review, we present the most recent studies on lncRNAs in GC, concentrating on their roles in H. pylori and EBV infections, and discuss some of the molecular mechanisms of these GC-related pathogens. There was also a discussion of the research gaps and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talieh Mostaghimi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Bahadoran
- School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bakht
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shiva Taheri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Hamid Sadeghi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Abouzar Babaei
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
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10
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Hsieh M, Lin C, Lo Y, Ho H, Chuang Y, Chen M. Hellebrigenin induces oral cancer cell apoptosis by modulating MAPK signalling and XIAP expression. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18071. [PMID: 38044583 PMCID: PMC10826427 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which accounts for 90% of all oral cancers, has become a public health crisis worldwide. despite advances in therapeutic interventions, the prognosis remains poor for advanced-stage OSCC. In this study, we investigate the anticancer activity and the mode of action of hellebrigenin in human OSCC. The findings demonstrated that hellebrigenin exerted cytotoxic effects in OSCC cells through cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and downregulation of cell cycle-related proteins (cyclins A2, B1 and D3, Cdc2, CDK4 and CDK6). Moreover, hellebrigenin caused activation of PARP and caspase 3, 8 and 9, followed by downregulation of antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL) and upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax and Bak). The hellebrigenin treatment also increased Fas, DR5, DcR2 and DcR3 expressions in oral cancer cells, indicating the compound causes oral cancer cell apoptosis through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Regarding upstream signalling, hellebrigenin was found to reduce the phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and JNK, indicating that hellebrigenin triggers caspase-mediated apoptosis by downregulating MAPK signalling pathway. Finally, the human apoptosis array findings revealed that hellebrigenin specifically suppressed the expression of XIAP to execute its pro-apoptotic activities. Taken together, the study suggests that hellebrigenin can act as a potent anticancer compound in human OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research CenterChanghua Christian HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of MedicineNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical SciencesChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research CenterChanghua Christian HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research CenterChanghua Christian HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
| | - Hsin‐Yu Ho
- Oral Cancer Research CenterChanghua Christian HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research CenterChanghua Christian HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
| | - Mu‐Kuan Chen
- Department of Post‐Baccalaureate Medicine, College of MedicineNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryChanghua Christian HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
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11
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Rodrigues CF, Santos FA, Amorim LAA, da Silva ALC, Marques LGA, Rocha BAM. Galectin-9 is a target for the treatment of cancer: A patent review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127768. [PMID: 38287577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Galectins, which correspond to a group of proteins capable of recognizing and reversibly binding to β-galactoside carbohydrates, have been the subject of innovation and development of technological products. Galectins play biological roles, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis, and some studies showed differences in the concentrations of galectins dispersed in serum of patients with cancer. For this reason, different studies have evaluated the biotechnological potential of these proteins as biomarkers for the prognosis and/or diagnosis of physiological disorders. Thus, this review discusses recent technological advancements in targeting galectins for the treatment of cancer and using galectins for cancer prognosis and diagnosis. Data mining was performed using the search descriptors "Galectin 9* and cancer*" and the ESPACENET and Cortellis Drug Discovery Intelligence (CDDI) databases. PRISMA guidelines were followed as a basis for literature review which aimed to conduct a systematic study of galectin-9 patents related to cancer prognosis, diagnosis and treatment. Results showed the importance of galectin-9 protein patents in furthering biomedical advancements in the global fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Alves Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - André Luis Coelho da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Anderson Matias Rocha
- RENORBIO, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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12
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Santucci C, Mignozzi S, Malvezzi M, Collatuzzo G, Levi F, La Vecchia C, Negri E. Global trends in esophageal cancer mortality with predictions to 2025, and in incidence by histotype. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 87:102486. [PMID: 37956470 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis. We provided a global overview of EC mortality, analyzing figures over the last three decades and estimating mortality rates for the year 2025. We also reported incidence trends and the distribution of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) in selected countries. METHODS We considered EC trends in the age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) from the World Health Organization database for selected countries. To estimate the number of deaths and ASMRs for 2025, we applied a Poisson linear regression model to the latest trend segment identified using a joinpoint model. We reported EC incidence trends according to histology using the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents database for the calendar period of 1990-2012. RESULTS In 2015-19, the male ASMRs/100,000 were 4.01 in the EU-27, 4.28 in the USA, and 5.10 in Japan. The corresponding female rates ranged from 0.82 to 0.85/100,000. Male mortality showed a decreasing trend in most countries analyzed, with earlier and steeper declines in southern Europe. Conversely, ASMRs were increasing in Belarus, Finland, Greece, and Cuba. Female mortality showed a slight increase in several European countries, while North America, Latin America, and Australasia showed favorable trends. Projections suggest that male EC mortality is expected to decline in all countries except the Russian Federation. Female favorable trends are also predicted in most countries, except for France, Germany, the Russian Federation, and Canada. SCC remained the most common histotype, but AC incidence showed an upward trend, particularly in high-income countries. CONCLUSION The observed trends in EC mortality reflect variations in patterns of major risk factors. Effective control of risk factors would contribute to reducing the burden of EC, together with early diagnosis and potential improvements in treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Santucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Silvia Mignozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Malvezzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Levi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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13
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Tan Y, Wang Z, Xu M, Li B, Huang Z, Qin S, Nice EC, Tang J, Huang C. Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:44. [PMID: 37736748 PMCID: PMC10517027 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops on the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity. It accounts for approximately 90% of oral malignancies and impairs appearance, pronunciation, swallowing, and flavor perception. In 2020, 377,713 OSCC cases were reported globally. According to the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO), the incidence of OSCC will rise by approximately 40% by 2040, accompanied by a growth in mortality. Persistent exposure to various risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, betel quid (BQ), and human papillomavirus (HPV), will lead to the development of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which are oral mucosal lesions with an increased risk of developing into OSCC. Complex and multifactorial, the oncogenesis process involves genetic alteration, epigenetic modification, and a dysregulated tumor microenvironment. Although various therapeutic interventions, such as chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine, have been proposed to prevent or treat OSCC and OPMDs, understanding the mechanism of malignancies will facilitate the identification of therapeutic and prognostic factors, thereby improving the efficacy of treatment for OSCC patients. This review summarizes the mechanisms involved in OSCC. Moreover, the current therapeutic interventions and prognostic methods for OSCC and OPMDs are discussed to facilitate comprehension and provide several prospective outlooks for the fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengtong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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14
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Gingold-Belfer R, Issa N, Boltin D, Beloosesky Y, Koren-Morag N, Meyerovitch J, Sharon E, Peleg N, Schmilovitz-Weiss H. Gastric cancer risk in the elderly is associated with omeprazole use and inversely associated with aspirin use. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:968-973. [PMID: 37505975 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between long-term omeprazole use and gastric cancer (GC) risk is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of GC in elderly community-dwelling omeprazole chronic users with/without aspirin compared to non-users. METHODS The registry of a large health management organization was searched for all community-dwelling members aged ≥65 years from January 2002 to December 2016. Data on demographics, background parameters, and chronic omeprazole and aspirin use (>11 prescriptions/year) were retrieved. Those diagnosed with new-onset GC during the study period (from January 2003) were identified. RESULTS Of 51 405 subjects who met the inclusion criteria, 197 were diagnosed with GC during a mean follow-up period of 8.74 ± 4.16 years. This group accounted for 0.7% of PPI chronic users (72/11 008) and 0.3% (125/40 397) of nonusers (P < 0.001). GC risk was directly associated with omeprazole chronic use [hazard ratio (HR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.51-2.73, P < 0.001] and inversely associated with aspirin chronic use (HR 0.55, 95% CI: 0.40-0.75, P < 0.001). Each year of omeprazole use increased GC risk by 9%, and each year of aspirin use decreased GC risk by 10% among omeprazole chronic users. The lowest rate of GC was found in omeprazole nonusers/ aspirin chronic users, and the highest, in omeprazole chronic users/aspirin nonusers. CONCLUSION Higher GC rate was associated with omeprazole chronic use and inversely associated with aspirin chronic use relative to omeprazole nonuse in community-dwelling elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Gingold-Belfer
- Gastroenterology Division, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Nidal Issa
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
- Department of Surgery B, Rabin Medical Center - Hasharon Hospital
| | - Doron Boltin
- Gastroenterology Division, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Yichayaou Beloosesky
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
- Department of Geriatrics, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva
| | - Nira Koren-Morag
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
- Department of Epidemiology; School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Joseph Meyerovitch
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
- Community Division, Clalit Health Services, Dan-Petach Tikva District, Ramat Gan
- Institute of Gastroenterology Liver disease and Nutrition, Shamir Medical Center, Be'er Yaakov
| | - Eran Sharon
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
- Breast Surgery Unit, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital
| | - Noam Peleg
- Gastroenterology Division, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Hemda Schmilovitz-Weiss
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
- Gastroenterology Unit, Rabin Medical Center - Hasharon Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
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15
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Hu Q, Li Z, Li Y, Deng X, Chen Y, Ma X, Zeng J, Zhao Y. Natural products targeting signaling pathways associated with regulated cell death in gastric cancer: Recent advances and perspectives. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37157181 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most serious gastrointestinal malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. The complexity of GC process lies in the multi-phenotypic linkage regulation, in which regulatory cell death (RCD) is the core link, which largely dominates the fate of GC cells and becomes a key determinant of GC development and prognosis. In recent years, increasing evidence has been reported that natural products can prevent and inhibit the development of GC by regulating RCDs, showing great therapeutic potential. In order to further clarify its key regulatory characteristics, this review focused on specific expressions of RCDs, combined with a variety of signaling pathways and their crosstalk characteristics, sorted out the key targets and action rules of natural products targeting RCD. It is highlighted that a variety of core biological pathways and core targets are involved in the decision of GC cell fate, including the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, MAPK-related signaling pathways, p53 signaling pathway, ER stress, Caspase-8, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and so on. Moreover, natural products target the crosstalk of different RCDs by modulating above signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings suggest that targeting various RCDs in GC with natural products is a promising strategy, providing a reference for further clarifying the molecular mechanism of natural products treating GC, which warrants further investigations in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Zhou S, Li C, Liu L, Yuan Q, Miao J, Wang H, Ding C, Guan W. Gastric microbiota: an emerging player in gastric cancer. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1130001. [PMID: 37180252 PMCID: PMC10172576 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1130001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common cancer worldwide with a high mortality rate. Many microbial factors influence GC, of which the most widely accepted one is Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. H. pylori causes inflammation, immune reactions and activation of multiple signaling pathways, leading to acid deficiency, epithelial atrophy, dysplasia and ultimately GC. It has been proved that complex microbial populations exist in the human stomach. H. pylori can affect the abundance and diversity of other bacteria. The interactions among gastric microbiota are collectively implicated in the onset of GC. Certain intervention strategies may regulate gastric homeostasis and mitigate gastric disorders. Probiotics, dietary fiber, and microbiota transplantation can potentially restore healthy microbiota. In this review, we elucidate the specific role of the gastric microbiota in GC and hope these data can facilitate the development of effective prevention and therapeutic approaches for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lixiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinggang Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ji Miao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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17
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da Luz FAC, Nascimento CP, Marinho EDC, Felicidade PJ, Antonioli RM, de Araújo RA, Silva MJB. Survival differences between women and men in the non-reproductive cancers: Results from a matched analysis of the surveillance, epidemiology, and end-results program. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1076682. [PMID: 36684979 PMCID: PMC9853080 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1076682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Men with non-reproductive cancers have a discrepant outcome compared to women. However, they differ significantly in the incidence of cancer type and characteristics. Methods Patients with single primary cancer who were 18 years or older and whose data were gathered and made accessible by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program were included in this retrospective analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression before and after propensity score matching were performed to analyze the risk survival by sex. Results Among the 1,274,118 patients included [median (range) age, 65 year (18-85+) years; 688,481 (54.9%) male]. The median follow-up was 21 months (0-191). Substantial improvements in survival were observed for both sexes during the years of inclusion analyzed, with no difference between them, reaching a reduction of almost 17% of deaths in 2010, and of almost 28% in 2015, compared to 2004. The women had a median survival of 74 months and overall mortality of 48.7%. Males had a median survival of 30 months (29.67-30.33) with an overall mortality of 56.2%. The PSM showed a reduced difference (6 months shorter median survival and 2.3% more death in men), but no change in hazards was observed compared to the unmatched analysis [adjusted HR: 0.888 (0.864-0.912) vs. 0.876 (0.866-0.886) in unmatched]. Conclusions The discrepancy in survival between men and women is not explained only by the incidence of more aggressive and more advanced cancers in the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Andrés Cordero da Luz
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Research, Uberlandia Cancer Hospital, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil,*Correspondence: Felipe Andrés Cordero da Luz ✉; ✉
| | - Camila Piqui Nascimento
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Research, Uberlandia Cancer Hospital, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduarda da Costa Marinho
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Research, Uberlandia Cancer Hospital, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pollyana Júnia Felicidade
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Research, Uberlandia Cancer Hospital, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mathias Antonioli
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Research, Uberlandia Cancer Hospital, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rogério Agenor de Araújo
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Research, Uberlandia Cancer Hospital, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Medical Faculty, Federal University of Uberlandia, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo José Barbosa Silva
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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18
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Wang H, Su C, Li Z, Ma C, Hong L, Li Z, Ma X, Xu Y, Wei X, Geng Y, Zhang W, Li P, Gu J. Evaluation of multiple immune cells and patient outcomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1091098. [PMID: 36891293 PMCID: PMC9986480 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1091098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports indicate that immune cells in solid cancers have significant predictive and therapeutic value. IgG4 is a subclass of IgG and we recently found that it exerted an inhibitory effect in tumor immunity. We aimed to assess the significance of IgG4 and T cell subtypes in tumor prognosis. We investigated the density, distribution and relationship of five immune markers CD4, CD8, Foxp3, IL-10 and IgG4 with multiple immunostaining method in 118 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) together with clinical data. The relationship among different immune cell types and with clinical data were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model to identify independent risk factors among immune and clinicopathological parameters. Five-year survival rate of these patients treated with surgery reached 61%. Higher number of CD4+ plus CD8+ T cells predicted better prognosis (p=0.01) in tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) and could add to the value of TNM staging. Density of the newly identified immune inhibitor IgG4+ B lymphocytes was found positively correlated to that of CD4+ cells (p=0.02) and IL-10+ cells (p=0.0005), but number of infiltrating IgG4+ cells by itself was not an independent factor for prognosis. However, increased serum concentration of IgG4 indicated a poor prognosis of ESCC (p=0.03). 5-year survival rate of esophageal cancer after surgery has been significantly improved. Increased T cells in TLS predicted better survival, suggesting that T cells in TLS may actively participate in anti-tumor immunity. Serum IgG4 could be a useful predictor of prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chanjuan Su
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziteng Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changchun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangli Hong
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yien Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolong Wei
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiqun Geng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Penghao Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.,Jinxin Research Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Xinan Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Center of Collaborative and Creative Center, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.,Jinxin Research Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Xinan Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Chengdu, China
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19
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Liang ZF, Zhang Y, Guo W, Chen B, Fang S, Qian H. Gastric cancer stem cell-derived exosomes promoted tobacco smoke-triggered development of gastric cancer by inducing the expression of circ670. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:24. [PMID: 36454423 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most common malignant cancers in the world, gastric cancer is caused by mang factors among which tobacco smoke is an important risk factor. Gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) and the derived exosomes play a key role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, and exosomal circRNA is considered as a new regulatory factor in the development of gastric cancer. However, it is unclear whether tobacco smoke can affect exosomes and their transport circRNAs to promote the development of gastric cancer. Herein, we provided a new insight into tobacco smoke promoting the progression of gastric cancer. In the present study, we demonstrated that tobacco smoke-induced exosomes promoted the spheroidizing ability, stemness genes expression, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of GCSCs. We further found that hsa-circRNA-000670 (circ670) was up-regulated in tissues of gastric cancer patients with smoking history, tobacco smoke-induced GCSCs, and their exosomes. Functional assays have shown that circ670 knockdown inhibited the stemness and EMT process of GCSCs, whereas circ670 overexpression appeared to have an opposite effect. Our findings indicated that exosomal circ670 promotes the development of tobacco smoke-induced gastric cancer, which may provide insight into the mechanism of tobacco smoke promoting the progression of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Feng Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Guo
- Department of Laboratory, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taichang, Suzhou, 215400, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shikun Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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20
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Bartusik-Aebisher D, Osuchowski M, Adamczyk M, Stopa J, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. Advancements in photodynamic therapy of esophageal cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1024576. [PMID: 36465381 PMCID: PMC9713848 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1024576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer leads to the constant search for new ways of treatment of this disease. One of the methods used in high-grade dysplasia, superficial invasive carcinoma, and sometimes palliative care is photodynamic therapy (PDT). This method has come a long way from the first experimental studies to registration in the treatment of esophageal cancer and is constantly being improved and refined. This review describes esophageal cancer, current treatment methods, the introduction to PDT, the photosensitizers (PSs) used in esophageal carcinoma PDT, PDT in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus, and PDT in invasive adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. For this review, research and review articles from PubMed and Web of Science databases were used. The keywords used were "photodynamic therapy in esophageal cancer" in the years 2000-2020. The total number of papers returned was 1,000. After the review was divided into topic blocks and the searched publications were analyzed, 117 articles were selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | | | - Marta Adamczyk
- Medical Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Stopa
- Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
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21
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Briggs E, de Kamps M, Hamilton W, Johnson O, McInerney CD, Neal RD. Machine Learning for Risk Prediction of Oesophago-Gastric Cancer in Primary Care: Comparison with Existing Risk-Assessment Tools. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205023. [PMID: 36291807 PMCID: PMC9600097 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oesophago-gastric cancer is one of the commonest cancers worldwide, yet it can be particularly difficult to diagnose given that initial symptoms are often non-specific and routine screening is not available. Cancer risk-assessment tools, which calculate cancer risk based on symptoms and other risk factors present in the primary care record, can aid decisions on referrals for cancer investigations, facilitating earlier diagnosis. Diagnosing common cancers earlier could help improve survival rates. Using UK primary care electronic health record data, we compared five different machine learning techniques for probabilistic classification of cancer patients against a current widely used UK primary care cancer risk-assessment tool. The machine learning algorithms outperformed the current risk-assessment tool, with a higher overall accuracy and an ability to reasonably identify 11–25% more cancer patients. We conclude that machine-learning-based risk-assessment tools could help better identify suitable patients for further investigation and support earlier diagnosis. Abstract Oesophago-gastric cancer is difficult to diagnose in the early stages given its typical non-specific initial manifestation. We hypothesise that machine learning can improve upon the diagnostic performance of current primary care risk-assessment tools by using advanced analytical techniques to exploit the wealth of evidence available in the electronic health record. We used a primary care electronic health record dataset derived from the UK General Practice Research Database (7471 cases; 32,877 controls) and developed five probabilistic machine learning classifiers: Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, and Extreme Gradient Boosted Decision Trees. Features included basic demographics, symptoms, and lab test results. The Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, and Extreme Gradient Boosted Decision Tree models achieved the highest performance in terms of accuracy and AUROC (0.89 accuracy, 0.87 AUROC), outperforming a current UK oesophago-gastric cancer risk-assessment tool (ogRAT). Machine learning also identified more cancer patients than the ogRAT: 11.0% more with little to no effect on false positives, or up to 25.0% more with a slight increase in false positives (for Logistic Regression, results threshold-dependent). Feature contribution estimates and individual prediction explanations indicated clinical relevance. We conclude that machine learning could improve primary care cancer risk-assessment tools, potentially helping clinicians to identify additional cancer cases earlier. This could, in turn, improve survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Briggs
- School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Marc de Kamps
- School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9NL, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London NW1 2DB, UK
| | - Willie Hamilton
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Owen Johnson
- School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9NL, UK
| | - Ciarán D. McInerney
- Academic Unit of Primary Medical Care, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Richard D. Neal
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
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22
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Einfluss des Rauchens auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt. DIE RADIOLOGIE 2022; 62:772-780. [PMID: 35736999 PMCID: PMC9433359 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-022-01017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund Nikotin ist ein hochwirksames Suchtgift, das bei regelmäßiger Einnahme chronische oder unheilbare Erkrankungen und somit eine eingeschränkte Lebensqualität zur Folge haben kann. Fragestellung Das Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit besteht darin, mögliche gesundheitliche Folgen des Rauchens auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt aufzuzeigen und einen Überblick über raucherassoziierte neoplastische und nichtneoplastische gastrointestinale Erkrankungen zu geben. Material und Methode Anhand einer ausführlichen Literaturrecherche wird der aktuelle Wissensstand zu raucherassoziierten Folgen auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt dargestellt. Ergebnisse Rauchen ist ein wesentlicher Risikofaktor für die Entstehung neoplastischer und nichtneoplastischer Erkrankungen des gesamten Gastrointestinaltrakts. Diese weisen in der radiologischen Bildgebung allerdings keine spezifischen, raucherassoziierten Merkmale auf. Schlussfolgerung Die Kenntnis einer Raucheranamnese sowie möglicher Auswirkungen von Nikotin auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt können in der radiologischen Bildinterpretation hilfreich sein sowie die diagnostische Entscheidungsfähigkeit und Genauigkeit verbessern.
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23
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Kubo Y, Tanaka K, Masuike Y, Takahashi T, Yamashita K, Makino T, Saito T, Yamamoto K, Tsujimoto T, Harino T, Kurokawa Y, Yamasaki M, Nakajima K, Eguchi H, Doki Y. Low mitochondrial DNA copy number induces chemotherapy resistance via epithelial-mesenchymal transition by DNA methylation in esophageal squamous cancer cells. J Transl Med 2022; 20:383. [PMID: 36038893 PMCID: PMC9422107 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most severe cancers and is characterized by chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In a previous study, a low mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number was associated with poorer prognosis and induced EMT in ESCC. However, the detailed mechanism related to mtDNA copy number and EMT is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism by which a change in mtDNA copy number contributes to EMT and to examine treatment of chemotherapy resistance in ESCC. Methods The association between low mtDNA copy number and chemotherapy resistance was investigated using specimens from 88 patients who underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Then, the mtDNA content of human ESCC cell lines, TE8 and TE11, was depleted by knockdown of mitochondrial transcription factor A expression. The present study focused on modulation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and DNA methylation as the mechanisms by which mtDNA copy number affects EMT. mRNA and protein expression, chemotherapy sensitivity, proliferation, MMP and DNA methylation were evaluated, and in vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to clarify these mechanisms. Results ESCC patients with decreased mtDNA copy number who underwent R0 resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy had significantly worse pathological response and recurrence-free survival. Additionally, low mtDNA copy number was associated with resistance to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. mtDNA controlled MMP, and MMP depolarization induced EMT. Depletion of mtDNA and low MMP induced DNA methylation via a DNA methylation transcription factor (DNMT), and a DNMT inhibitor suppressed EMT and improved chemotherapy sensitivity in mtDNA-depleted ESCC cells, as shown by in vitro and in vivo assays. Conclusion This study showed that decreased mtDNA copy number induced EMT via modulation of MMP and DNA methylation in ESCC. Therapeutic strategies increasing mtDNA copy number and DNMT inhibitors may be effective in preventing EMT and chemosensitivity resistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03594-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kubo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Masuike
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuro Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Tsujimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Harino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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24
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Zhang X, Hu D, Deng X, Lin J, Zheng X, Peng F, Meng F, Niu W. Prediction of presurgical metabolic syndrome for gastric cancer-specific mortality is more evident in smokers: The FIESTA study. Cancer Med 2022; 12:3419-3432. [PMID: 36028993 PMCID: PMC9939207 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS We aimed to test whether the prediction of presurgical metabolic syndrome for postsurgical survival outcomes of gastric cancer hinges upon cigarette smoking status. METHODS This study is a part of the ongoing Fujian prospective investigation of cancer (FIESTA) study. Patients with gastric cancer received radical resection of primary gastric cancer between January 2000 and December 2010, with the latest follow-up ended in December 2015. The 1:1 propensity score matching analysis was adopted to balance confounders between smokers and never-smokers. Effect-size estimates are expressed as hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Model performance was evaluated using the Hosmer and Lemeshow test and 10-fold cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Statistical analyses were completed with SAS software (v9.4). RESULTS Total 2779 patients with gastric cancer were analyzed, including 2223 smokers and 556 never-smokers. Median follow-up time was 45.6 months. Cigarette smoking was not associated with postsurgical survival differences. Presurgical metabolic syndrome complication was significantly associated with increased gastric cancer-specific mortality in smokers (HR [95% CI]: 2.73 [1.53-4.89], p < 0.001), but not in never-smokers. Relative excess risk due to interaction was estimated to be 2.43 (95% CI: 0.40-4.45). After constructing a risk assessment score, one unit increment was associated with 10% reduced risk of gastric cancer-specific mortality (HR [95% CI]: 0.90 [0.88-0.91], p < 0.001), with 10-fold cross-validated AUROC being 0.82 (95% CI: 0.74-0.92). CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that the prediction of presurgical metabolic syndrome for gastric cancer-specific mortality was more evident in smokers. Practically, this study provides evidence base for future personalized prediction and helped risk-stratify gastric cancer patients who might experience serious postsurgical consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of PathologyFujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Xiangling Deng
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jinxiu Lin
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiongwei Zheng
- Department of PathologyFujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Feng Peng
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Fanqiang Meng
- Department of General SurgeryChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
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25
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Bioinformatics Analysis Based on TCGA: MUC16 Mutation Correlates with Clinical Outcome in Gastric Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6734105. [PMID: 36051359 PMCID: PMC9427262 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6734105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) is difficult to predict due to the disease's complex genetic and phenotypic characteristics. MUC16 has been reported to be involved in the progression of several tumors. In this study, we aimed to explore whether MUC16 mutation had any impact on the prognosis or treatments of GC patients. Additionally, this analysis uncovered possible critical pathways related with these systems. On the cBioPortal, we were able to locate the pertinent data of patients with MUC16 mutations. And then, GSEA analysis identified differences in mRNA levels between mutant and wild-type MUC16 patients in terms of biological function annotation and pathways. The KEGG and GO analyses were also performed using the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). There were 139 individuals with GC who had the MUC16 mutation, which accounts for 32 percent, and the remaining patients had the MUC16 wild type. Survival assays revealed that patients with the MUC16 mutation had longer overall survival and disease-free survival. GSEA analysis revealed that cell cycle, cysteine and methionine metabolism, Huntington's disease, one carbon pool by folate, pyrimidine metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, RNA degradation, spliceosome, and valine leucine and isoleucine degradation were distinctly enriched in patients with MUC16 mutation type. Moreover, we identified 323 DEGs. Among them, 162 genes were upregulated, and 161 genes were downregulated. GO and KEGG assays indicated DEGs as enriched in pancreatic secretion, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, fat digestion and absorption, and glycerolipid metabolism. Overall, our data revealed that the MUC16 mutation in GC may affect the development of patients by altering several genes and pathways, indicating the importance of MUC16 mutation in the treatments of GC on an individual basis.
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26
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Distance to Health Care Facilities, Lifestyle Risk Factors, and Stage at Diagnosis in relation to Geographic Pattern of Esophageal Cancer in Tanzania, 2006–2016. J Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 2022:7873588. [PMID: 36046119 PMCID: PMC9423990 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7873588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is an aggressive, often deadly disease globally that represents a significant health problem in Tanzania. The WHO reported 604,100 new esophageal cancer cases worldwide during 2020 and 544,076 deaths (Sung, 2021; World Health Organization, 2020). In Eastern Africa, 16,137 cases and 15,188 deaths were related to this disease in 2020. Esophageal cancer is associated with various etiologic risk factors, and access to the disease treatment is a major barrier to survival. This study examined associations between the prevalence of four geographically stratified, population-level, etiologic risk factors (tobacco use, unprotected water use, solid fuel source use, and poverty), as well as two access-to-care predictors (persons per hospital and distance from residence to where esophageal cancer treatment occurs). Regional- and coarser-scale zonal incidence rates were calculated for 2006 through 2016 and evaluated for geographic differences in relation to risk factors and access to care predictors using Poisson regression. Differences in the geographic distribution of esophageal cancer were observed. Distance from the region of residence to the treatment center (Ocean Road Cancer Institute) was statistically associated with the geographic pattern of esophageal cancer incidence. Further research into etiologic risk factors, dietary practices, and nutrition is needed to better understand the associations with esophageal cancer in Tanzania and other parts of Eastern Africa.
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27
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Zhang L, Wan X, Shi R, Gong P, Si Y. Comparing spatial patterns of 11 common cancers in Mainland China. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1551. [PMID: 35971087 PMCID: PMC9377081 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A stronger spatial clustering of cancer burden indicates stronger environmental and human behavioral effects. However, which common cancers in China have stronger spatial clustering and knowledge gaps regarding the environmental and human behavioral effects have yet to be investigated. This study aimed to compare the spatial clustering degree and hotspot patterns of 11 common cancers in mainland China and discuss the potential environmental and behavioral risks underlying the patterns. Methods Cancer incidence data recorded at 339 registries in 2014 was obtained from the “China Cancer Registry Annual Report 2017”. We calculated the spatial clustering degree of the common cancers using the global Moran’s Index and identified the hotspot patterns using the hotspot analysis. Results We found that esophagus, stomach and liver cancer have a significantly higher spatial clustering degree (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$p<0.05$$\end{document}p<0.05) than others. When by sex, female esophagus, male stomach, male esophagus, male liver and female lung cancer had significantly higher spatial clustering degree (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$p<0.001$$\end{document}p<0.001). The spatial clustering degree of male liver was significantly higher than that of female liver cancer (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$p<0.001$$\end{document}p<0.001), whereas the spatial clustering degree of female lung was significantly higher than that of male lung cancer (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$p<0.001$$\end{document}p<0.001). The high-risk areas of esophagus and stomach cancer were mainly in North China, Huai River Basin, Yangtze River Delta and Shaanxi Province. The hotspots for liver and male liver cancer were mainly in Southeast China and south Hunan. Hotspots of female lung cancer were mainly located in the Pearl River Delta, Shandong, North and Northeast China. The Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta were high-risk areas for multiple cancers. Conclusions The top highly clustered cancer types in mainland China included esophagus, stomach and liver cancer and, by sex, female esophagus, male stomach, male esophagus, male liver and female lung cancer. Among them, knowledge of their spatial patterns and environmental and behavioral risk factors is generally limited. Potential factors such as unhealthy diets, water pollution and climate factors have been suggested, and further investigation and validation are urgently needed, particularly for male liver cancer. This study identified the knowledge gap in understanding the spatial pattern of cancer burdens in China and offered insights into targeted cancer monitoring and control. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13926-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xia Wan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Runhe Shi
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Peng Gong
- Department of Geography and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hongkong, Hongkong, 999077, China
| | - Yali Si
- Institute of Environmental Sciences CML, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333 CC, The Netherlands.
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28
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The global, regional and national burden of stomach cancer and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11542. [PMID: 35798837 PMCID: PMC9262989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to estimate the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of stomach cancer at the global, regional, and national levels. Stomach cancer resulted in 1.3 million (1.2-1.4 million) incident cases, 9.5 hundred thousand (8.7-10.4 hundred thousand) deaths, and 22.2 million (20.3-24.1 million) DALYs in 2019. The age-standardized incidence rate, death rate and DALY rate were 15.6 (14.1-17.2), 11.9 (10.8-12.8), and 268.4 (245.5-290.6) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Between 1990 and 2019, the global age-standardized incidence rate, death rate, and DALY rate decreased by - 30.5% (- 36.7 to - 22.9), - 41.9% (- 47.2 to - 36.3), and - 45.6% (- 50.8 to - 39.8), respectively. In 2019, most of the global numbers of incidence, death and DALYs were higher among males than females. A considerable burden of stomach cancer was attributable to smoking and a high-sodium diet. Although the global age-standardized incidence and death rates have decreased, continued growth in absolute numbers in some regions, especially in East Asia, poses a major global public health challenge. To address this, public health responses should be tailored to fit each country's unique situation. Primary and secondary prevention strategies with increased effectiveness are required to reduce the incidence and mortality of stomach cancer, particularly in populations with a high disease burden.
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The 8th Wonder of the Cancer World: Esophageal Cancer and Inflammation. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10030044. [PMID: 35892738 PMCID: PMC9326664 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a devastating malignancy which can be detected at an early stage but is more often diagnosed as an advanced process. It affects both men and women and inflicts the young and the elderly. There are multiple underlying factors involved in the pathogenesis of this cancer including inflammation. The interplay of these factors promotes inflammation through various mechanisms including the recruitment of pro-inflammatory cells, mediators such as cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and interleukins, among others. The presentation can vary widely with one of the most notable symptoms being dysphagia. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptomatology, imaging and endoscopy with biopsy. Once the diagnosis has been established, treatment and prognosis are based on the stage of the disease. This review outlines esophageal cancer and its link to inflammation in relation to pathogenesis, along with clinical features, diagnosis and treatment.
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Potievskii MB, Shegai PV, Kaprin AD. Prospects for the Application of Methods of Evolutionary Biology in Oncology. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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He J, Fu H, Li C, Deng Z, Chang H. Association between Vitamin B 12 and Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3263-3273. [PMID: 35538710 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2074062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies focusing on the association between vitamin B12 and gastric cancer risk reported inconsistent findings. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship. PubMed (Medline), Web of science and EMBASE databases were systematically searched. A total of nine studies involving 3,494 cases of with gastric cancer and 611,638 participants were included. The result showed that there is no significant association between vitamin B12 intake and the risk of gastric cancer (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.69-1.12, P = 0.303). Nevertheless, high intake of vitamin B12 might decrease the risk of gastric cancer in Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-negative people (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.62-0.99, P = 0.044), but increase the cancer risk in Hp-positive populations (OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.27-2.16, P = 10-4). Additionally, further analysis indicated that excessive vitamin B12 might increase the risk of non-cardia gastric cancer (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01-1.33, P = 0.006). A negative association between vitamin B12 intake and gastric cancer risk was found in nonsmokers (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.71-0.96, P = 0.012) but not in smokers (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.71-1.47, P = 0.619). In conclusion, although we found no convincing evidence that vitamin B12 intake is associated with the risk of gastric cancer, it is important to maintain the relative stability of vitamin B12 for people with Hp infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo He
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cancan Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhihui Deng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Chang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Ni P, Wang G, Wang Y, Liu K, Chen W, Xiao J, Fan H, Ma X, Li Z, Shen K, Xu Z, Yang L. Correlation of MIF-AS1 polymorphisms with the risk and prognosis of gastric cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 233:153850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Koopaie M, Ghafourian M, Manifar S, Younespour S, Davoudi M, Kolahdooz S, Shirkhoda M. Evaluation of CSTB and DMBT1 expression in saliva of gastric cancer patients and controls. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:473. [PMID: 35488257 PMCID: PMC9055774 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09570-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third cause of cancer deaths globally, with late diagnosis, low survival rate, and poor prognosis. This case-control study aimed to evaluate the expression of cystatin B (CSTB) and deleted in malignant brain tumor 1 (DMBT1) in the saliva of GC patients with healthy individuals to construct diagnostic algorithms using statistical analysis and machine learning methods. Methods Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and food intake habits of the case and control group were gathered through a standard checklist. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were taken from 31 healthy individuals and 31 GC patients. Through ELISA test and statistical analysis, the expression of salivary CSTB and DMBT1 proteins was evaluated. To construct diagnostic algorithms, we used the machine learning method. Results The mean salivary expression of CSTB in GC patients was significantly lower (115.55 ± 7.06, p = 0.001), and the mean salivary expression of DMBT1 in GC patients was significantly higher (171.88 ± 39.67, p = 0.002) than the control. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that GC was significantly correlated with high levels of DMBT1 after controlling the effects of age of participants (R2 = 0.20, p < 0.001). Considering salivary CSTB greater than 119.06 ng/mL as an optimal cut-off value, the sensitivity and specificity of CSTB in the diagnosis of GC were 83.87 and 70.97%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve was calculated as 0.728. The optimal cut-off value of DMBT1 for differentiating GC patients from controls was greater than 146.33 ng/mL (sensitivity = 80.65% and specificity = 64.52%). The area under the ROC curve was up to 0.741. As a result of the machine learning method, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for the diagnostic ability of CSTB, DMBT1, demographic data, clinical characteristics, and food intake habits was 0.95. The machine learning model’s sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 100, 70.8, and 80.5%, respectively. Conclusion Salivary levels of DMBT1 and CSTB may be accurate in diagnosing GCs. Machine learning analyses using salivary biomarkers, demographic, clinical, and nutrition habits data simultaneously could provide affordability models with acceptable accuracy for differentiation of GC by a cost-effective and non-invasive method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Koopaie
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Ghafourian
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Manifar
- Department of Oral Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Kargar St, P.O.Box:14395-433, Tehran, 14399-55991, Iran.
| | - Shima Younespour
- Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Davoudi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering and IT, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sajad Kolahdooz
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shirkhoda
- Department of General Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hu T, Zhou L, Wang X, Zhou X, Yi R, Long X, Zhao X. Prophylactic Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum TKSN02 on Gastric Injury Induced by Hydrochloric Acid/Ethanol in Mice Through Its Antioxidant Capacity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:840566. [PMID: 35299759 PMCID: PMC8921696 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.840566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, the preventive and protective effect of a new Lactobacillus fermentum, (Lactobacillus fermentum TKSN02: LF-N2), which was isolated and identified from Xinjiang naturally fermented yogurt, on hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol induced gastric injury in mice was studied. A total of 40 mice were divided into the following five groups: normal, model, LF-N2, LB (Lactobacillus bulgaricus), and Ranitidine groups. Except for the normal and model groups, mice in the other groups were treated with LF-N2, LB (Lactobacillus bulgaricus), and Ranitidine separately, and the injury of the gastric tissue was observed by taking photos and pathological sections. The levels of oxidation indicators, gastrointestinal hormone and the inflammatory cytokines in serum and gastric tissue in each group were measured. Further more, the gene expression levels of oxidative stress and inflammation related genes in the colon tissue were determined by the Real-Time PCR method. Pathological observation confirmed that LF-N2 could inhibit the gastric injury caused by HCl/ethanol. Observation of the appearance of the gastric indicated that LF-N2 could effectively reduce the area of gastric injury. Biochemical results showed that the serum gastrin (GAS) and gastric motilin (MTL) levels in the LF-N2 group were significantly lower and the serum somatostatin (SS) level was higher than in the model group and there was no significant difference between all treatment groups. The activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were increased while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased in LF-N2 treatment group mice, which suggested that LF-N2 has a good antioxidant effect. Further RT-PCR experiments also showed that LF-N2 could promote the related mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes (Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and CAT) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, and IL-10), while it inhibited the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6) and apoptosis factor (Caspase-3). As observed, LF-N2 exerted a good preventive effect on HCl/ethanol induced gastric injury in mice, and the effect was close to that of LB, which indicated that LF-N2 has potential use as a probiotic due to its gastric injury treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Hu
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- TCM (Rheumatic Immunology/Geriatrics) Department, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingyao Long
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Zhao
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Yu Z, Zuo T, Yu H, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Dong S, Wu Y, Liu Y. Outcomes of upper gastrointestinal cancer screening in high-risk individuals: a population-based prospective study in Northeast China. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e046134. [PMID: 35168959 PMCID: PMC8852672 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The strategy for upper gastrointestinal cancer (UGC) screening has not yet been determined, especially in northeast China. DESIGN The sample was from an ongoing prospective population-based cohort for cancer screening. PARTICIPANTS This study belonged to the Chinese Urban Cancer Screening Program. The analysis was based on the recruitment of participants aged 40-74 in Northeast China from 2016 to 2017. Totally, 39 369 eligible participants were recruited, 8772 were evaluated to be at high risk for UGC, 1957 underwent endoscopy. OUTCOMES χ2 test and multifactor logistic regression model was performed to analyse influencing factors of participation rate. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was applied to evaluate the diagnostic power of the high-risk assessment. The Cox regression model was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) for the potential value. RESULTS The high-risk rate was 22.28% and the participation rate of endoscopy screening was 22.31%. Factors such as age at 45-59 years, female sex, high level of education, occupation for professional and technical personnel, former drinking, secondary smoking, less physical activity, history of trauma or mental depression, history of upper gastrointestinal system disease and family history of UGC were associated with increased participation in endoscopy screening (all the p<0.05). There were five UGCs, 86 oesophageal precancerous lesions and 145 gastric precancerous lesions, and the detection rates were 0.26%, 4.39% and 7.41%, respectively. The detection rate for both oesophageal and gastric lesions increased with age and was higher for men than for women (all the p<0.05). After a 3-year follow-up, 30 UGCs had been diagnosed and the high risk of UGC increased the mortality risk ratio (HR: 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41 to 2.56). CONCLUSION The participation rate and outcomes of UGC screening were promising in our study and will provide important reference for evaluating value of UGC screening in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifu Yu
- Liaoning Office for Cancer Control and Research, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tingting Zuo
- Liaoning Office for Cancer Control and Research, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Huihui Yu
- Liaoning Office for Cancer Control and Research, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Radiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shoulan Dong
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Heping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Dadong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yunyong Liu
- Liaoning Office for Cancer Control and Research, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Kubo Y, Kitagawa Y, Miyazaki T, Sohda M, Yamaji T, Sakai M, Saeki H, Nemoto K, Oyama T, Muto M, Takeuchi H, Toh Y, Matsubara H, Mano M, Kono K, Kato K, Yoshida M, Kawakubo H, Booka E, Yamatsuji T, Kato H, Ito Y, Ishikawa H, Ishihara R, Tsushima T, Kawachi H, Oyama T, Kojima T, Kuribayashi S, Makino T, Matsuda S, Doki Y. The potential for reducing alcohol consumption to prevent esophageal cancer morbidity in Asian heavy drinkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Esophagus 2022; 19:39-46. [PMID: 34693473 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-021-00892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for esophageal cancer. In Asia, heavy drinkers are considered to have a higher risk of esophageal cancer than nondrinkers and light drinkers. However, no study has shown an association between alcohol reduction and the morbidity of esophageal cancer in Asian heavy drinkers. Therefore, this study investigated the significance of reducing alcohol consumption to prevent esophageal cancer in Asian heavy drinkers by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. The MEDLINE (PubMed) and ICHUSHI (Japana Centra Revuo Medicina) databases were searched from January 1995 to December 2020. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. I2 statistics were used to detect heterogeneity. This study included 21 articles in the qualitative synthesis. Light drinkers and heavy drinkers were categorized based on alcohol consumption amount as ≤ 25 ethanol g/day and ≥ 66 ethanol g/day, respectively, as described in many previous studies, and five cohort studies were eligible for this meta-analysis. The HR of esophageal cancer among heavy drinkers versus nondrinkers was 4.18 (95% CI 2.34-7.47, I2 = 74%). On the other hand, the HR of esophageal cancer among light drinkers was 1.82 compared with nondrinkers (95% CI 1.57-2.10, I2 = 0%). Heavy drinkers have a higher esophageal cancer incidence than light drinkers and nondrinker. It is possible that alcohol reduction may decrease the risk of esophageal cancer in Asian heavy drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kubo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Miyazaki
- Department of Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Makoto Sohda
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Sakai
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kenji Nemoto
- Department of Radiology, Yamagata University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Oyama
- Department of Endoscopy, Saku Central Hospital Advanced Care Center, Nagano, Japan
| | - Manabu Muto
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Toh
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Mano
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ken Kato
- Department of Head and Neck, Esophageal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Department of Hemodialysis and Surgery, Chemotherapy Research Institute, International University of Health and Welfare, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawakubo
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Booka
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yamatsuji
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Yoshinori Ito
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishikawa
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, QST Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryu Ishihara
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsushima
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawachi
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation For Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Oyama
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shiko Kuribayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Sui H, Ma R, Liu L, Gao Y, Zhang W, Mo Z. Detection of Incidental Esophageal Cancers on Chest CT by Deep Learning. Front Oncol 2021; 11:700210. [PMID: 34604036 PMCID: PMC8481957 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.700210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To develop a deep learning-based model using esophageal thickness to detect esophageal cancer from unenhanced chest CT images. Methods We retrospectively identified 141 patients with esophageal cancer and 273 patients negative for esophageal cancer (at the time of imaging) for model training. Unenhanced chest CT images were collected and used to build a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for diagnosing esophageal cancer. The CNN is a VB-Net segmentation network that segments the esophagus and automatically quantifies the thickness of the esophageal wall and detect positions of esophageal lesions. To validate this model, 52 false negatives and 48 normal cases were collected further as the second dataset. The average performance of three radiologists and that of the same radiologists aided by the model were compared. Results The sensitivity and specificity of the esophageal cancer detection model were 88.8% and 90.9%, respectively, for the validation dataset set. Of the 52 missed esophageal cancer cases and the 48 normal cases, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the deep learning esophageal cancer detection model were 69%, 61%, and 65%, respectively. The independent results of the radiologists had a sensitivity of 25%, 31%, and 27%; specificity of 78%, 75%, and 75%; and accuracy of 53%, 54%, and 53%. With the aid of the model, the results of the radiologists were improved to a sensitivity of 77%, 81%, and 75%; specificity of 75%, 74%, and 74%; and accuracy of 76%, 77%, and 75%, respectively. Conclusions Deep learning-based model can effectively detect esophageal cancer in unenhanced chest CT scans to improve the incidental detection of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Sui
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruhang Ma
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Radiology Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Lin Liu
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaozong Gao
- Shanghai United Imaging Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhai Zhang
- Shanghai United Imaging Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanhao Mo
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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de Vegt F, Gommers JJJ, Groenewoud H, Siersema PD, Verbeek ALM, Peters Y, Broeders MJM. Trends and projections in the incidence of oesophageal cancer in the Netherlands: An age-period-cohort analysis from 1989 to 2041. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:420-430. [PMID: 34605022 PMCID: PMC9292263 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In Western populations, the incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been declining, whereas the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) has been increasing. Our study examines temporal trends in the incidence of oesophageal cancer in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2016, in addition to predicting future trends through 2041. Data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and Statistics Netherlands were collected to obtain incidence trends of OSCC and OAC for the period 1989 to 2016. Age‐period‐cohort (APC) modelling was used to estimate the contribution of age, calendar period and birth cohort on the observed incidence trends. To predict the future numbers of new cases of both OSCC and OAC from 2017 to 2041, log‐linear APC models were fitted to the trends of 1989 to 2016. The age‐standardised incidence rates of OSCC have decreased slightly for men and increased slightly for women. In contrast, a marked increase in the incidence of OAC was observed, ranging from 2.8 per 100 000 persons in 1989 to 10.1 in 2016. This increase in OAC incidence was more prominent in men, and it will result in an increased risk of OAC for successive generations. Future projections indicate that the incidence of OAC will further increase to 13.1 per 100 000 persons in 2037 to 2041, meaning that there will be 13 259 cases of OAC in 2037 to 2041, as compared to 9386 diagnoses in 2017 to 2021. The changing epidemiologic trends in oesophageal cancer in the Netherlands should be reflected in the development of prevention, early detection and treatment strategies.
What's new?
The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is on the rise in Western countries. Better understanding of this trend could facilitate critical improvements in OAC prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies. Here, the authors investigated trends in OAC incidence from 1989 to 2016 for successive birth cohorts in the Netherlands. OAC incidence was found to have increased significantly since 1989, with risk rising most noticeably in men. Analyses through 2037‐2041 predict continued growth in OAC cases. The findings highlight the importance of promoting measures to prevent esophageal cancer, particularly those aimed at controlling modifiable risk factors, such as obesity and smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femmie de Vegt
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jessie J J Gommers
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Groenewoud
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter D Siersema
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - André L M Verbeek
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yonne Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mireille J M Broeders
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Brancato V, Garbino N, Mannelli L, Aiello M, Salvatore M, Franzese M, Cavaliere C. Impact of radiogenomics in esophageal cancer on clinical outcomes: A pilot study. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:6110-6127. [PMID: 34629823 PMCID: PMC8476334 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i36.6110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (ESCA) is the sixth most common malignancy in the world, and its incidence is rapidly increasing. Recently, several microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNA (mRNA) targets were evaluated as potential biomarkers and regulators of epigenetic mechanisms involved in early diagnosis. In addition, computed tomography (CT) radiomic studies on ESCA improved the early stage identification and the prediction of response to treatment. Radiogenomics provides clinically useful prognostic predictions by linking molecular characteristics such as gene mutations and gene expression patterns of malignant tumors with medical images and could provide more opportunities in the management of patients with ESCA.
AIM To explore the combination of CT radiomic features and molecular targets associated with clinical outcomes for characterization of ESCA patients.
METHODS Of 15 patients with diagnosed ESCA were included in this study and their CT imaging and transcriptomic data were extracted from The Cancer Imaging Archive and gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, respectively. Cancer stage, history of significant alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI) were considered as clinical outcomes. Radiomic analysis was performed on CT images acquired after injection of contrast medium. In total, 1302 radiomics features were extracted from three-dimensional regions of interest by using PyRadiomics. Feature selection was performed using a correlation filter based on Spearman’s correlation (ρ) and Wilcoxon-rank sum test respect to clinical outcomes. Radiogenomic analysis involved ρ analysis between radiomic features associated with clinical outcomes and transcriptomic signatures consisting of eight N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation regulators and five up-regulated miRNA. The significance level was set at P < 0.05.
RESULTS Of 25, five and 29 radiomic features survived after feature selection, considering stage, alcohol history and BMI as clinical outcomes, respectively. Radiogenomic analysis with stage as clinical outcome revealed that six of the eight mRNA regulators and two of the five up-regulated miRNA were significantly correlated with ten and three of the 25 selected radiomic features, respectively (-0.61 < ρ < -0.60 and 0.53 < ρ < 0.69, P < 0.05). Assuming alcohol history as clinical outcome, no correlation was found between the five selected radiomic features and mRNA regulators, while a significant correlation was found between one radiomic feature and three up-regulated miRNAs (ρ = -0.56, ρ = -0.64 and ρ = 0.61, P < 0.05). Radiogenomic analysis with BMI as clinical outcome revealed that four mRNA regulators and one up-regulated miRNA were significantly correlated with 10 and two radiomic features, respectively (-0.67 < ρ < -0.54 and 0.53 < ρ < 0.71, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Our study revealed interesting relationships between the expression of eight N6-methyladenosine RNA regulators, as well as five up-regulated miRNAs, and CT radiomic features associated with clinical outcomes of ESCA patients.
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Liu K, Song S, Fu T, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yan M, He Z, Zhang W, Su H, Li Z, Ji Z, Shao Z. Spatiotemporal Trends in the Incidence of Gastrointestinal Neoplasms in Wuwei City of Northwestern China From 1995 to 2016: A Hospital-Based Retrospective Observational Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:712857. [PMID: 34552871 PMCID: PMC8452457 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of major gastrointestinal (GI) neoplasms in inpatients from 1995 to 2016 in Wuwei city, northwestern China. Method Data from all paper and electronic medical records entered between 1995 and 2016 at 12 major public hospitals in Wuwei city were retrospectively collected. Patients with GI neoplasms were identified and classified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10. Trends in the incidence of major GI neoplasms were expressed as an annual percentage change (APC), and the Z test was used to assess the time fluctuation trends. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) were also calculated and the corresponding APC was estimated by the Joinpoint software for long-term trend analysis. Thematic maps of annual incidence at the township level were produced. Results Among the 19,137 new inpatients identified with GI neoplasms in Wuwei, gastric cancer was the leading cause of morbidity, followed by cancers of the esophagus, colorectum, gastric cardia, liver, and pancreas with ASIRs of 21.8, 11.0, 5.8, 5.7, 4.4, and 1.7 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Overall, there was a steady increase in the ASIR for all GI neoplasms, and male cases were 2.1 times more frequent than female cases. The ASIR significantly increased by 12.2% per year from 1995 to 2009 for all GI neoplasms, and the increase rates ranged 9.4%-16.7% per year for the individual GI neoplasm. Despite an increase by 1.4% per year from 2009 to 2016, the ASIR decreased for esophageal and gastric cardia cancers by 4.6% and 17.3% per year, respectively. The annual incidence of all GI neoplasms showed significantly differential geographic distributions among different townships of the city during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuxuan Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Department of Immunization Program, Wuwei Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuwei, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Prevention of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weilu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haixia Su
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Health Commission of Wuwei, Wuwei, China
| | - Zhaohua Ji
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Teufel A, Quante M, Kandulski A, Hirth M, Zhan T, Eckardt M, Thieme R, Kusnik A, Yesmembetov K, Wiest I, Riemann JF, Schlitt HJ, Gockel I, Malfertheiner P, Ebert MP. [Prevention of gastrointestinal cancer]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2021; 59:964-982. [PMID: 34507375 DOI: 10.1055/a-1540-7539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Throughout the past decades, considerable progress has been made in the (early) diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers. However, the prognosis for advanced stages of gastrointestinal tumors remains limited for many patients and approximately one third of all tumor patients die as a result of gastrointestinal tumors. The prevention and early detection of gastrointestinal tumors is therefore of great importance.For this reason, we summarize the current state of knowledge and recommendations for the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of esophageal, stomach, pancreas, liver and colorectal cancer in the following.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Teufel
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Sektion Hepatologie, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim.,Klinische Kooperationseinheit Healthy Metabolism, Zentrum für Präventivmedizin und Digitale Gesundheit Baden-Württemberg, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim
| | - Michael Quante
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau
| | - Arne Kandulski
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg
| | - Michael Hirth
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim
| | - Maximilian Eckardt
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim
| | - René Thieme
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Viszeral-, Transplantations-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Department für Operative Medizin (DOPM), Universitatsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig
| | - Alexander Kusnik
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim
| | - Kakharman Yesmembetov
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Internistische Intensivmedizin (Med. III), RWTH Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen
| | - Isabella Wiest
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim
| | | | - Hans Jürgen Schlitt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie, Universitatsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg
| | - Ines Gockel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Viszeral-, Transplantations-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Department für Operative Medizin (DOPM), Universitatsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Medizinische Fakultät Magdeburg, Magdeburg
| | - Matthias Philip Ebert
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim.,Klinische Kooperationseinheit Healthy Metabolism, Zentrum für Präventivmedizin und Digitale Gesundheit Baden-Württemberg, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim
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O'Donovan C, Davern M, Donlon NE, Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. Chemokine-targeted therapies: An opportunity to remodel immune profiles in gastro-oesophageal tumours. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:224-236. [PMID: 34506844 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies are transforming outcomes for many cancer patients and are quickly becoming the fourth pillar of cancer therapy. However, their efficacy of only ∼25% in gastro-oesophageal cancer has been disappointing. This is attributed to factors such as insufficient patient stratification and the pro-tumourigenic immune landscape of gastro-oesophageal tumours. The chemokine profiles of solid tumours and the availability of effector immune cells greatly influence the immune infiltrate, producing 'cold' or 'immune-excluded' tumours in which immunotherapies are unable to reinvigorate the immune response. Other biological functions for chemokines have emerged, such as promoting cell survival, polarising T cell responses, and supporting several hallmarks of cancer. Therefore, chemokine networks may be exploited with therapeutic intent to mobilise and polarise anti-tumour immune cells, with further utility as combination treatments to augment the efficacy of current cancer immunotherapies. Few studies have demonstrated the clinical benefit of chemokine-targeted therapies as monotherapies, and this review proposes their consideration as combination treatments. Herein, we explore the anti-tumour and pro-tumour implications of chemokine signalling in gastro-oesophageal cancer and discuss their value as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cillian O'Donovan
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Maria Davern
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Noel E Donlon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
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Zhou L, Jiang Z, Gu W, Han S. STROBE-clinical characteristics and prognosis factors of gastric cancer in young patients aged ≤30 years. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26336. [PMID: 34190151 PMCID: PMC8257836 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the clinical characteristics and prognosis factors of young patients with gastric cancer (GC).A total of 101 young patients with GC referred to Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan province, China between January 1st, 2003 and June 1st, 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The medical records included ages, genders, marital status, family history of tumors, comorbidity, Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection, fibrinogen, prealbumin, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), tumor location, tumor size, TNM stage, differentiation of the tumor, WHO type, treatment method and prognostic factors effect were further assessed.The mean age of GC patients in our group was 26.0 years. The incidence was slightly higher in females (female: male = 1.1:1). Some patients had the family history of tumor and H.pylori infection (2.0%, 6.9%). The tumor sizes were mainly under 5 cm (52.4%) and the most locations were in the antrum (43.5%) and body (42.5%). A large number of patients were diagnosed as adenocarcinomas (66.3%) and the main histological of GC was poor differentiated (72.3%). Moreover, a high proportion of patients were diagnosed at the stages III-IV (61.4%), and most patients received surgery combined chemotherapy (63.4%), however, the survival outcome was poor. In univariate Cox analysis, tumor sizes, TNM stage were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and the multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that TNM stage was significantly associated with OS.GC in young patients has its unique biological and clinical features. A large majority of young patients were diagnosed at their advanced stages with poor prognostic. TNM stage was an independent prognostic factor for young patients with GC, early GC screening in young people should be actively promoted.
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Yeh HW, Chien WC, Chung CH, Chang HA, Kao YC, Tzeng NS. Eating disorders and the risk of esophageal and stomach cancers-A nationwide, population-based cohort study in Taiwan. Int J Eat Disord 2021; 54:959-968. [PMID: 32914482 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown elevated cancer risk in anorexia nervosa but the literature on other eating disorders (EDs) is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the association between all EDs and esophageal, stomach, and other cancers. METHODS We used a retrospective cohort design, based on a two-million randomized longitudinal health insurance dataset, a sub-dataset of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. From all the potential participants aged 20 years or more, a total of 6,628 participants were enrolled, including 1,657 patients with EDs, with sex-, age-, and indexed date-matched (1:3) 4,971 controls. Each participant was individually tracked from 2000 to 2015 to identify incident cases of cancers, including esophageal cancer (EC), stomach cancer (SC), and all other cancers (AOC). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was employed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between EDs and cancer. RESULTS Of the total 6,628 enrollees, 222 in 1,657 individuals with EDs and 810 in the 4,971 non-ED control individuals developed cancer (1,262.40 vs. 1,472.15 per 100,000 person-years), and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was not statistically significant (log-rank, p = .324). However, after adjusting for covariates, the risk of EC and SC among the individuals with an ED was significantly higher, with adjusted HRs of 5.32 (95% CI: 1.07-26.49, p < .001) and 4.61 (95% CI: 1.91-11.14, p < .001), respectively. EDs were not associated with other cancers. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence for the association between EDs and the risk for EC and SC. Further research on mechanisms and prevention is therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Yeh
- Institute of Bioinformatics and System Biology, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chen Kao
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Fang X, Bai Y, Zhang L, Ding S. MicroRNA-665 regulates the proliferation, apoptosis and adhesion of gastric cancer cells by binding to cadherin 3. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:494. [PMID: 33968210 PMCID: PMC8100969 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported that abnormal cadherin 3 (CDH3) and microRNA (miRNA/miR)-665 expression can induce the progression of gastric cancer (GC). However, the mechanism of interaction between miR-665 and CDH3 in GC requires further investigation. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of miR-665 and CDH3 in GC development. The effect of miR-665 and CDH3 on GC tissues and cell lines was examined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Subsequently, CDH3 protein expression in GC cell lines was detected using western blotting. To confirm the association between miR-665 and CDH3, a dual-luciferase reporter assay system was employed. Cell proliferation and adhesion were analyzed using BrdU ELISA, MTT and cell adhesion assays. Finally, caspase-3 activity assay kit and FITC apoptosis detection kit were used for the determination of apoptosis of GC cells. The current findings confirmed the upregulation of CDH3 expression in GC cell lines and tissues. Experimental results indicated that CDH3 overexpression increased cell proliferation and adhesion, but decreased the apoptosis level of the cells. Similarly, the miR-665 inhibitor enhanced cell proliferation and adhesion, but inhibited apoptosis of GC cells. Additionally, it was observed that CDH3 was a direct target of miR-665 in GC cells and that miR-665 inhibited CDH3 expression, thereby repressing the progression of GC. In conclusion, the present study suggested that by targeting CDH3, miR-665 suppressed the progression of GC. These findings may provide a significant theoretical basis for future GC clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Yangqiu Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Lida Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Songze Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
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Identified a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 6 serve as a novel gastric cancer prognostic biomarker by bioinformatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228334. [PMID: 33851708 PMCID: PMC8065180 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to explore the prognostic value of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) genes in gastric cancer (GC). Methods: The RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) expression data for 351 GC patients and other relevant clinical data were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Survival analysis and a genome-wide gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to define the underlying molecular value of the ADAMTS genes in GC development. Besides, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were all employed to validate the relationship between the expression of these genes and GC patient prognosis. Results: The Log rank test with both Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses showed that ADAMTS6 expression profile correlated with the GC patients clinical outcome. Patients with a high expression of ADAMTS6 were associated with poor overall survival (OS). Comprehensive survival analysis of the ADAMTS genes suggests that ADAMTS6 might be an independent predictive factor for the OS in patients with GC. Besides, GSEA demonstrated that ADAMTS6 might be involved in multiple biological processes and pathways, such as the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS), tumor protein P53, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), cadherin (CDH1) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathways. It was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR that ADAMTS6 is highly expressed in GC, which may be related to the prognosis of GC patients. Conclusion: In summary, our study demonstrated that ADAMTS6 gene could be used as a potential molecular marker for GC prognosis.
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SLC6A3 as a potential circulating biomarker for gastric cancer detection and progression monitoring. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 221:153446. [PMID: 33887543 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor originating from the gastric mucosal epithelium, with no obvious symptoms at the early stage. The dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3) is involved in the metabolism of dopamine and catecholamine and is a potential gene for Parkinson's disease and alcoholism. But the role of SLC6A3 in gastric cancer is still unknown. The aim of our study is to investigate the potential diagnostic value of SLC6A3 on gastric cancer. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of SLC6A3 in clinical samples and cells. A total of 246 samples were enrolled in this study (26 pairs of tissue samples; Serum of 113 patients with gastric cancer, 51 polyps patients and 56 healthy controls). The diagnostic value of SLC6A3 was evaluated by the ROC curve and analyzed the changes of SLC6A3 expression before and after surgery. The prognostic value, interacting proteins and related pathways of SLC6A3 were evaluated by TCGA analysis in UALCAN database (http://ualcan.path.uab.edu/). RESULTS The expression level of SLC6A3 in gastric cancer was significantly higher than that in controls. Further, the proportion under the ROC curve (AUC) for SLC6A3, CEA and CA19-9 was 0.818 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.754 to 0.883, P < 0.001), and the expression level of SLC6A3 in the serum of patients with gastric cancer decreased significantly after surgery (P < 0.001). Bioinformatic enrichment analysis of SLC6A3 displayed the relevant metabolic pathways involved in its interacting proteins. CONCLUSION SLC6A3 is involved in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer and can be used as a potential diagnostic indicator for gastric cancer.
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Gersten O, Barbieri M. Evaluation of the Cancer Transition Theory in the US, Select European Nations, and Japan by Investigating Mortality of Infectious- and Noninfectious-Related Cancers, 1950-2018. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e215322. [PMID: 33843999 PMCID: PMC8042523 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.5322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Despite cancer being a leading cause of death worldwide, scant research has been carried out on the validity of the cancer transition theory, the idea that as nations develop, they move from a situation where infectious-related cancers are prominent to one where noninfectious-related cancers dominate. OBJECTIVE To examine whether cancer transitions exist in the US, select European countries, and Japan. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cross-sectional study, annual cause-of-death data from the 1950s to 2018 for the US, England and Wales, France, Sweden, Norway, and Japan were extracted from the Human Mortality Database and the World Health Organization (WHO). Statistical analysis was performed from April 2020 to February 2021. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age-standardized death rates for all ages and both sexes combined were estimated for cancers of the stomach, cervix, liver, lung, pancreas, esophagus, colorectum, breast, and prostate. RESULTS The results of the analysis show that for all countries in this study except for Japan, mortality from infectious-related cancers has declined steadily throughout the period, so that by the end of the period, for Norway, England and Wales, Sweden, and the US, rates were approximately 20 deaths per 100 000 population. Regarding noninfectious-related cancers, at the beginning of the period, all countries exhibited an increasing trend in rates, with England and Wales having the greatest peak of 215.1 deaths per 100 000 population (95% CI 213.7-216.6 deaths per 100 000 population) in 1985 followed by a decline, with most of the other countries reaching a peak around 1990 and declining thereafter. Furthermore, there is a visible crossover in the trends for infectious-related and noninfectious-related cancers in Japan and Norway. This crossover occurred in 1988 in Japan, when the rates for both types of cancers stood at 116 per 100 000 population (95% CI, 115.0-116.5 per 100 000 population), and in 1955 in Norway, when they passed each other at 100 per 100 000 population (95% CI, 96.4-105.3 per 100 000 population). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cross-sectional study, the findings suggest that cancer mortality patterns parallel the epidemiological transition, which states that as nations develop, they move from a stage where infectious diseases are prominent to one where noninfectious diseases dominate. An implication is that the epidemiological transition theory as originally formulated continues to be relevant, despite some researchers arguing that there should be additional stages beyond the original 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Gersten
- Nu-Trek, San Diego, California
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of California, San Diego Extension, La Jolla
| | - Magali Barbieri
- Department of Demography, University of California, Berkeley
- French Institute for Demographic Studies, Paris, France
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He F, Wang J, Liu L, Qin X, Wan Z, Li W, Ping Z. Esophageal cancer: trends in incidence and mortality in China from 2005 to 2015. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1839-1847. [PMID: 33594825 PMCID: PMC7940233 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term trend analysis of esophageal cancer is rarely reported in China. Our purpose is to analyze the incidence and mortality trends of esophageal cancer in China from 2005 to 2015. METHOD Based on the data in the annual report of the China Cancer Registry, a comprehensive analysis of esophageal cancer cases and deaths from 2005 to 2015 was carried out. The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer are stratified by gender and region (urban or rural). Long-term trend analysis was conducted using Joinpoint regression model. RESULT In China, the age-standardized incidence rates by the world population declined from 13.84/105 in 2005 to 11.64/105 in 2015. Annual percent changes were 3.4% (95% CI: 0.6%, 6.3%) in the period 2005-2011, -7.4% (95% CI: -10.1%, -4.7%) in the period 2011-2015, respectively. The age-standardized mortality rates declined from 10.86/105 in 2005 to 8.57/105 in 2015. And the average annual percent change was -4.1% (95% CI: -6.7%, -1.5%). The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in men are higher than those in women, and the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in rural areas are much higher than those in urban areas. CONCLUSION In China, the incidence of esophageal cancer first increased and then decreased during 2005-2015, while the mortality rate has been declining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan He
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Junyi Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Li Liu
- Basic Medical School, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Xiaoyue Qin
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Zhanyong Wan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Wei Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Zhiguang Ping
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
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Pidkovka N, Rachkevych O, Belkhiri A. Extrahepatic cytochrome P450 epoxygenases: pathophysiology and clinical significance in human gastrointestinal cancers. Oncotarget 2021; 12:379-391. [PMID: 33659048 PMCID: PMC7899545 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases, a multi-gene superfamily of heme-containing enzymes, are commonly known to metabolize endogenous arachidonic acid (AA) to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). The role of CYPs is mostly studied in liver drugs metabolism, cardiac pathophysiology, and hypertension fields. Particularly, the biological functions of these enzymes have increasingly attracted a growing interest in cancer biology. Most published studies on CYPs in cancer have been limited to their role as drug metabolizing systems. The activity of these enzymes may affect drug pharmacokinetics and bioavailability as well as exogenous compounds turnover. Some CYP isoforms are selectively highly expressed in tumors, suggesting a potential mechanistic role in promoting resistance to chemotherapy. Majority of drugs elicit their effects in extrahepatic tissues whereby their metabolism can significantly determine treatment outcome. Nonetheless, the role of extrahepatic CYPs is not fully understood and targeting these enzymes as effective anti-cancer therapies are yet to be developed. This review article summarizes an up-to-date body of information from published studies on CYP enzymes expression levels and pathophysiological functions in human normal and malignant gastrointestinal (GI) tract tissues. Specifically, we reviewed and discussed the current research initiatives by emphasizing on the clinical significance and the pathological implication of CYPs in GI malignancies of esophagus, stomach, and colon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olena Rachkevych
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Abbes Belkhiri
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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