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Zhang Y, Wang Z, Xu F, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Yang LZ, Fang W. Progress of Astrocyte-Neuron Crosstalk in Central Nervous System Diseases. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04241-6. [PMID: 39292330 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Neurons are the primary cells responsible for information processing in the central nervous system (CNS). However, they are vulnerable to damage and insult in a variety of neurological disorders. As the most abundant glial cells in the brain, astrocytes provide crucial support to neurons and participate in synapse formation, synaptic transmission, neurotransmitter recycling, regulation of metabolic processes, and the maintenance of the blood-brain barrier integrity. Though astrocytes play a significant role in the manifestation of injury and disease, they do not work in isolation. Cellular interactions between astrocytes and neurons are essential for maintaining the homeostasis of the CNS under both physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we explore the diverse interactions between astrocytes and neurons under physiological conditions, including the exchange of neurotrophic factors, gliotransmitters, and energy substrates, and different CNS diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, and multiple sclerosis. This review sheds light on the contribution of astrocyte-neuron crosstalk to the progression of neurological diseases to provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Mailbox 207, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Mailbox 207, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Fenglian Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Mailbox 207, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Mailbox 207, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Mailbox 207, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Lele Zixin Yang
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Weirong Fang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Mailbox 207, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China.
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2
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Li J, Serafin EK, Koorndyk N, Baccei ML. Astrocyte D1/D5 Dopamine Receptors Govern Non-Hebbian Long-Term Potentiation at Sensory Synapses onto Lamina I Spinoparabrachial Neurons. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0170242024. [PMID: 38955487 PMCID: PMC11308343 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0170-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent work demonstrated that activation of spinal D1 and D5 dopamine receptors (D1/D5Rs) facilitates non-Hebbian long-term potentiation (LTP) at primary afferent synapses onto spinal projection neurons. However, the cellular localization of the D1/D5Rs driving non-Hebbian LTP in spinal nociceptive circuits remains unknown, and it is also unclear whether D1/D5R signaling must occur concurrently with sensory input in order to promote non-Hebbian LTP at these synapses. Here we investigate these issues using cell-type-selective knockdown of D1Rs or D5Rs from lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, or astrocytes in adult mice of either sex using Cre recombinase-based genetic strategies. The LTP evoked by low-frequency stimulation of primary afferents in the presence of the selective D1/D5R agonist SKF82958 persisted following the knockdown of D1R or D5R in spinoparabrachial neurons, suggesting that postsynaptic D1/D5R signaling was dispensable for non-Hebbian plasticity at sensory synapses onto these key output neurons of the superficial dorsal horn (SDH). Similarly, the knockdown of D1Rs or D5Rs in DRG neurons failed to influence SKF82958-enabled LTP in lamina I projection neurons. In contrast, SKF82958-induced LTP was suppressed by the knockdown of D1R or D5R in spinal astrocytes. Furthermore, the data indicate that the activation of D1R/D5Rs in spinal astrocytes can either retroactively or proactively drive non-Hebbian LTP in spinoparabrachial neurons. Collectively, these results suggest that dopaminergic signaling in astrocytes can strongly promote activity-dependent LTP in the SDH, which is predicted to significantly enhance the amplification of ascending nociceptive transmission from the spinal cord to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Elizabeth K Serafin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Nathan Koorndyk
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Mark L Baccei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
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3
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Sočan V, Dolinar K, Kržan M. Kinetic Properties and Pharmacological Modulation of High- and Low-Affinity Dopamine Transport in Striatal Astrocytes of Adult Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5135. [PMID: 38791173 PMCID: PMC11121484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes actively participate in neurotransmitter homeostasis by bidirectional communication with neuronal cells, a concept named the tripartite synapse, yet their role in dopamine (DA) homeostasis remains understudied. In the present study, we investigated the kinetic and molecular mechanisms of DA transport in cultured striatal astrocytes of adult rats. Kinetic uptake experiments were performed using radiolabeled [3H]-DA, whereas mRNA expression of the dopamine, norepinephrine, organic cation and plasma membrane monoamine transporters (DAT, NET, OCTs and PMAT) and DA receptors D1 and D2 was determined by qPCR. Additionally, astrocyte cultures were subjected to a 24 h treatment with the DA receptor agonist apomorphine, the DA receptor antagonist haloperidol and the DA precursor L-DOPA. [3H]-DA uptake exhibited temperature, concentration and sodium dependence, with potent inhibition by desipramine, nortriptyline and decynium-22, suggesting the involvement of multiple transporters. qPCR revealed prominent mRNA expression of the NET, the PMAT and OCT1, alongside lower levels of mRNA for OCT2, OCT3 and the DAT. Notably, apomorphine significantly altered NET, PMAT and D1 mRNA expression, while haloperidol and L-DOPA had a modest impact. Our findings demonstrate that striatal astrocytes aid in DA clearance by multiple transporters, which are influenced by dopaminergic drugs. Our study enhances the understanding of regional DA uptake, paving the way for targeted therapeutic interventions in dopaminergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Sočan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Klemen Dolinar
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Mojca Kržan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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4
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Sternberg Z. Neurodegenerative Etiology of Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency: a Novel Concept for Expanding Treatment Strategies. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2996-3018. [PMID: 37953352 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (AADC-DY) is caused by one or more mutations in the DDC gene, resulting in the deficit in catecholamines and serotonin neurotransmitters. The disease has limited therapeutic options with relatively poor clinical outcomes. Accumulated evidence suggests the involvement of neurodegenerative mechanisms in the etiology of AADC-DY. In the absence of neurotransmitters' neuroprotective effects, the accumulation and the chronic presence of several neurotoxic metabolites including 4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, 3-methyldopa, and homocysteine, in the brain of subjects with AADC-DY, promote oxidative stress and reduce the cellular antioxidant and methylation capacities, leading to glial activation and mitochondrial dysfunction, culminating to neuronal injury and death. These pathophysiological processes have the potential to hinder the clinical efficacy of treatments aimed at increasing neurotransmitters' synthesis and or function. This review describes in detail the mechanisms involved in AADC-DY neurodegenerative etiology, highlighting the close similarities with those involved in other neurodegenerative diseases. We then offer novel strategies for the treatment of the disease with the objective to either reduce the level of the metabolites or counteract their prooxidant and neurotoxic effects. These treatment modalities used singly or in combination, early in the course of the disease, will minimize neuronal injury, preserving the functional integrity of neurons, hence improving the clinical outcomes of both conventional and unconventional interventions in AADC-DY. These modalities may not be limited to AADC-DY but also to other metabolic disorders where a specific mutation leads to the accumulation of prooxidant and neurotoxic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohi Sternberg
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
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5
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Stowell R, Wang KH. Dopaminergic signaling regulates microglial surveillance and adolescent plasticity in the frontal cortex. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.08.584167. [PMID: 38559264 PMCID: PMC10979918 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.08.584167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is a sensitive period for frontal cortical development and cognitive maturation. The dopaminergic (DA) mesofrontal circuit is particularly malleable in response to changes in adolescent experience and DA activity. However, the cellular mechanisms engaged in this plasticity remain unexplored. Here, we report that microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, are uniquely sensitive to adolescent mesofrontal DA signaling. Longitudinal in vivo two-photon imaging in mice shows that frontal cortical microglia respond dynamically to plasticity-inducing behavioral or optogenetic DA axon stimulation with increased parenchymal and DA bouton surveillance. Microglial-axon contact precedes new bouton formation, and both D1 and D2-type DA receptors regulate microglial-bouton interactions and axonal plasticity. Moreover, D2 antagonism in adults reinstates adolescent plasticity, including increased microglial surveillance and new DA bouton formation. Our results reveal that DA signaling regulates microglial surveillance and axonal plasticity uniquely in the adolescent frontal cortex, presenting potential interventions for restoring plasticity in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne Stowell
- Department of Neuroscience, Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Kuan Hong Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
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Sočan V, Dolinar K, Kržan M. Transporters involved in adult rat cortical astrocyte dopamine uptake: Kinetics, expression and pharmacological modulation. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1296-1310. [PMID: 38054361 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes, glial cells in the central nervous system, perform a multitude of homeostatic functions and are in constant bidirectional communication with neuronal cells, a concept named the tripartite synapse; however, their role in the dopamine homeostasis remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to clarify the pharmacological and molecular characteristics of dopamine transport in cultured cortical astrocytes of adult rats. In addition, we were interested in the expression of mRNA of dopamine transporters as well as dopamine receptors D1 and D2 and in the effect of dopaminergic drugs on the expression of these transporters and receptors. We have found that astrocytes possess both Na+-dependent and Na+-independent transporters. Uptake of radiolabelled dopamine was time-, temperature- and concentration-dependent and was inhibited by decynium-22, a plasma membrane monoamine transporter inhibitor, tricyclic antidepressants desipramine and nortriptyline, both inhibitors of the norepinephrine transporter. Results of transporter mRNA expression indicate that the main transporters involved in cortical astrocyte dopamine uptake are the norepinephrine transporter and plasma membrane monoamine transporter. Both dopamine receptor subtypes were identified in cortical astrocyte cultures. Twenty-four-hour treatment of astrocyte cultures with apomorphine, a D1/D2 agonist, induced upregulation of D1 receptor, norepinephrine transporter and plasma membrane monoamine transporter, whereas the latter was downregulated by haloperidol and L-DOPA. Astrocytes take up dopamine by multiple transporters and express dopamine receptors, which are sensitive to dopaminergic drugs. The findings of this study could open a promising area of research for the fine-tuning of existing therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Sočan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Klemen Dolinar
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Kržan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Du C, Park K, Hua Y, Liu Y, Volkow ND, Pan Y. Astrocytes modulate cerebral blood flow and neuronal response to cocaine in prefrontal cortex. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:820-834. [PMID: 38238549 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Cocaine affects both cerebral blood vessels and neuronal activity in brain. Cocaine can also disrupt astrocytes, which modulate neurovascular coupling-a process that regulates cerebral hemodynamics in response to neuronal activation. However, separating neuronal and astrocytic effects from cocaine's direct vasoactive effects has been challenging, partially due to limitations of neuroimaging techniques able to differentiate vascular from neuronal and glial effects at high temporal and spatial resolutions. Here, we used a newly-developed multi-channel fluorescence and optical coherence Doppler microscope (fl-ODM) that allows for simultaneous measurements of neuronal and astrocytic activities (reflected by the intracellular calcium changes in neurons Ca2+N and astrocytes Ca2+A, respectively) alongside their vascular interactions in vivo to address this challenge. Using green and red genetically-encoded Ca2+ indicators differentially expressed in astrocytes and neurons, fl-ODM enabled concomitant imaging of large-scale astrocytic and neuronal Ca2+ fluorescence and 3D cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) in vascular networks in the mouse cortex. We assessed cocaine's effects in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and found that the CBFv changes triggered by cocaine were temporally correlated with astrocytic Ca2+A activity. Chemogenetic inhibition of astrocytes during the baseline state resulted in blood vessel dilation and CBFv increases but did not affect neuronal activity, suggesting modulation of spontaneous blood vessel's vascular tone by astrocytes. Chemogenetic inhibition of astrocytes during a cocaine challenge prevented its vasoconstricting effects alongside the CBFv decreases, but it also attenuated the neuronal Ca2+N increases triggered by cocaine. These results document a role of astrocytes both in regulating vascular tone and consequently blood flow, at baseline and for modulating the vasoconstricting and neuronal activation responses to cocaine in the PFC. Strategies to inhibit astrocytic activity could offer promise for ameliorating vascular and neuronal toxicity from cocaine misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congwu Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Kichon Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Yueming Hua
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Yanzuo Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Nora D Volkow
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20857, USA
| | - Yingtian Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
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Sočan V, Dolinar K, Kržan M. Cortical and Striatal Astrocytes of Neonatal Rats Display Distinct Molecular and Pharmacological Characteristics of Dopamine Uptake. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:911. [PMID: 38255983 PMCID: PMC10815805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are crucial in the regulation of neurotransmitter homeostasis, and while their involvement in the dopamine (DA) tripartite synapse is acknowledged, it necessitates a more comprehensive investigation. In the present study, experiments were conducted on primary astrocyte cultures from the striatum and cortex of neonatal rats. The pharmacological intricacies of DA uptake, including dependence on time, temperature, and concentration, were investigated using radiolabelled [3H]-DA. The mRNA expression of transporters DAT, NET, PMAT, and OCTs was evaluated by qPCR. Notably, astrocytes from both brain regions exhibited prominent mRNA expression of NET and PMAT, with comparatively lower expression of DAT and OCTs. The inhibition of DA uptake by the DAT inhibitor, GBR12909, and NET inhibitors, desipramine and nortriptyline, impeded DA uptake in striatal astrocytes more than in cortical astrocytes. The mRNA expression of NET and PMAT was significantly upregulated in cortical astrocytes in response to the DA receptor agonist apomorphine, while only the mRNA expression of NET exhibited changes in striatal astrocytes. Haloperidol, a DA receptor antagonist, and L-DOPA, a DA precursor, did not induce significant alterations in transporter mRNA expression. These findings underscore the intricate and region-specific mechanisms governing DA uptake in astrocytes, emphasizing the need for continued exploration to unravel the nuanced dynamics of astrocytic involvement in the DA tripartite synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Sočan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Klemen Dolinar
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Mojca Kržan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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9
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Wang HA, Liang HJ, Ernst TM, Nakama H, Cunningham E, Chang L. Independent and combined effects of methamphetamine use disorders and APOEε4 allele on cognitive performance and brain morphometry. Addiction 2023; 118:2384-2396. [PMID: 37563863 PMCID: PMC10840926 DOI: 10.1111/add.16309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Prior studies showed that methamphetamine (METH) users had greater than normal age-related brain atrophy; whether having the apolipoprotein E (APOE)-ε4 allele may be a contributory factor has not been evaluated. We aimed to determine the independent and combined effects of chronic heavy METH use and having at least one copy of the APOE-ε4 allele (APOE-ε4+) on brain morphometry and cognition, especially in relation to aging. METHODS We compared brain morphometry and cognitive performance in 77 individuals with chronic heavy METH use (26 APOE-ε4+, 51 APOE-ε4-) and 226 Non-METH users (66 APOE-ε4+, 160 APOE-ε4-), using a 2 × 2 design (two-way analysis of co-variance). Vertex-wise cortical volumes, thickness and seven subcortical volumes, were automatically measured using FreeSurfer. Linear regression between regional brain measures, and cognitive scores that showed group differences were evaluated. Group differences in age-related decline in brain and cognitive measures were also explored. RESULTS Regardless of APOE-ε4 genotype, METH users had lower Motor Z-scores (P = 0.005), thinner right lateral-orbitofrontal cortices (P < 0.001), smaller left pars-triangularis gyrus volumes (P = 0.004), but larger pallida, hippocampi and amygdalae (P = 0.004-0.006) than nonusers. Across groups, APOE-ε4+ METH users had the smallest volumes of superior frontal cortical gyri bilaterally, and of the smallest volume in left rostral-middle frontal gyri (all P-values <0.001). Smaller right superior-frontal gyrus predicted poorer motor function only in APOE-ε4+ participants (interaction-P < 0.001). Cortical volumes and thickness declined with age similarly across all participants; however, APOE-ε4-carriers showed thinner right inferior parietal cortices than noncarriers at younger age (interaction-P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Chronic heavy use and having at least one copy of the APOE-ε4 allele may have synergistic effects on brain atrophy, particularly in frontal cortices, which may contribute to their poorer cognitive function. However, the enlarged subcortical volumes in METH users replicated prior studies, and are likely due to METH-mediated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A. Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hua-Jun Liang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas M. Ernst
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Eric Cunningham
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Linda Chang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Guidolin D, Tortorella C, Marcoli M, Cervetto C, De Caro R, Maura G, Agnati LF. Modulation of Neuron and Astrocyte Dopamine Receptors via Receptor-Receptor Interactions. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1427. [PMID: 37895898 PMCID: PMC10610355 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine neurotransmission plays critical roles in regulating complex cognitive and behavioral processes including reward, motivation, reinforcement learning, and movement. Dopamine receptors are classified into five subtypes, widely distributed across the brain, including regions responsible for motor functions and specific areas related to cognitive and emotional functions. Dopamine also acts on astrocytes, which express dopamine receptors as well. The discovery of direct receptor-receptor interactions, leading to the formation of multimeric receptor complexes at the cell membrane and providing the cell decoding apparatus with flexible dynamics in terms of recognition and signal transduction, has expanded the knowledge of the G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated signaling processes. The purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of currently identified receptor complexes containing dopamine receptors and of their modulatory action on dopamine-mediated signaling between neurons and between neurons and astrocytes. Pharmacological possibilities offered by targeting receptor complexes in terms of addressing neuropsychiatric disorders associated with altered dopamine signaling will also be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (C.T.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Cinzia Tortorella
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (C.T.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (C.T.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Luigi F. Agnati
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic Sciences and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
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11
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Furgiuele A, Pereira FC, Martini S, Marino F, Cosentino M. Dopaminergic regulation of inflammation and immunity in Parkinson's disease: friend or foe? Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1469. [PMID: 37781343 PMCID: PMC10540835 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting 7-10 million people worldwide. Currently, there is no treatment available to prevent or delay PD progression, partially due to the limited understanding of the pathological events which lead to the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in the brain, which is known to be the cause of PD symptoms. The current available treatments aim at compensating dopamine (DA) deficiency in the brain using its precursor levodopa, dopaminergic agonists and some indirect dopaminergic agents. The immune system is emerging as a critical player in PD. Therefore, immune-based approaches have recently been proposed to be used as potential antiparkinsonian agents. It has been well-known that dopaminergic pathways play a significant role in regulating immune responses in the brain. Although dopaminergic agents are the primary antiparkinsonian treatments, their immune regulatory effect has yet to be fully understood. The present review summarises the current available evidence of the immune regulatory effects of DA and its mimics and discusses dopaminergic agents as antiparkinsonian drugs. Based on the current understanding of their involvement in the regulation of neuroinflammation in PD, we propose that targeting immune pathways involved in PD pathology could offer a better treatment outcome for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Furgiuele
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Frederico C Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC)CoimbraPortugal
| | - Stefano Martini
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Franca Marino
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Marco Cosentino
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
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12
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Pla-Tenorio J, Roig AM, García-Cesaní PA, Santiago LA, Sepulveda-Orengo MT, Noel RJ. Astrocytes: Role in pathogenesis and effect of commonly misused drugs in the HIV infected brain. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 5:100108. [PMID: 38020814 PMCID: PMC10663134 DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2023.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The roles of astrocytes as reservoirs and producers of a subset of viral proteins in the HIV infected brain have been studied extensively as a key to understanding HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). However, their comprehensive role in the context of intersecting substance use and neurocircuitry of the reward pathway and HAND has yet to be fully explained. Use of methamphetamines, cocaine, or opioids in the context of HIV infection have been shown to lead to a faster progression of HAND. Glutamatergic, dopaminergic, and GABAergic systems are implicated in the development of HAND-induced cognitive impairments. A thorough review of scientific literature exploring the variety of mechanisms in which these drugs exert their effects on the HIV brain and astrocytes has revealed marked areas of convergence in overexcitation leading to increased drug-seeking behavior, inflammation, apoptosis, and irreversible neurotoxicity. The present review investigates astrocytes, the neural pathways, and mechanisms of drug disruption that ultimately play a larger holistic role in terms of HIV progression and drug use. There are opportunities for future research, therapeutic intervention, and preventive strategies to diminish HAND in the subset population of patients with HIV and substance use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessalyn Pla-Tenorio
- Ponce Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, 395 Industrial Reparada, Zona 2, Ponce, PR, 00716, Puerto Rico
| | - Angela M. Roig
- Seattle Children's Hospital, MS OC.7.830, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105-0371, United States
| | - Paulina A. García-Cesaní
- Bella Vista Hospital, Family Medicine Residency, Carr. 349 Km 2.7, Cerro Las Mesas, Mayaguez, PR, 00681, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis A. Santiago
- Ponce Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, 395 Industrial Reparada, Zona 2, Ponce, PR, 00716, Puerto Rico
| | - Marian T. Sepulveda-Orengo
- Ponce Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, 395 Industrial Reparada, Zona 2, Ponce, PR, 00716, Puerto Rico
| | - Richard J. Noel
- Ponce Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, 395 Industrial Reparada, Zona 2, Ponce, PR, 00716, Puerto Rico
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13
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Gebicke-Haerter PJ. The computational power of the human brain. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1220030. [PMID: 37608987 PMCID: PMC10441807 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1220030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
At the end of the 20th century, analog systems in computer science have been widely replaced by digital systems due to their higher computing power. Nevertheless, the question keeps being intriguing until now: is the brain analog or digital? Initially, the latter has been favored, considering it as a Turing machine that works like a digital computer. However, more recently, digital and analog processes have been combined to implant human behavior in robots, endowing them with artificial intelligence (AI). Therefore, we think it is timely to compare mathematical models with the biology of computation in the brain. To this end, digital and analog processes clearly identified in cellular and molecular interactions in the Central Nervous System are highlighted. But above that, we try to pinpoint reasons distinguishing in silico computation from salient features of biological computation. First, genuinely analog information processing has been observed in electrical synapses and through gap junctions, the latter both in neurons and astrocytes. Apparently opposed to that, neuronal action potentials (APs) or spikes represent clearly digital events, like the yes/no or 1/0 of a Turing machine. However, spikes are rarely uniform, but can vary in amplitude and widths, which has significant, differential effects on transmitter release at the presynaptic terminal, where notwithstanding the quantal (vesicular) release itself is digital. Conversely, at the dendritic site of the postsynaptic neuron, there are numerous analog events of computation. Moreover, synaptic transmission of information is not only neuronal, but heavily influenced by astrocytes tightly ensheathing the majority of synapses in brain (tripartite synapse). At least at this point, LTP and LTD modifying synaptic plasticity and believed to induce short and long-term memory processes including consolidation (equivalent to RAM and ROM in electronic devices) have to be discussed. The present knowledge of how the brain stores and retrieves memories includes a variety of options (e.g., neuronal network oscillations, engram cells, astrocytic syncytium). Also epigenetic features play crucial roles in memory formation and its consolidation, which necessarily guides to molecular events like gene transcription and translation. In conclusion, brain computation is not only digital or analog, or a combination of both, but encompasses features in parallel, and of higher orders of complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Gebicke-Haerter
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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14
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Cervetto C, Maura G, Guidolin D, Amato S, Ceccoli C, Agnati LF, Marcoli M. Striatal astrocytic A2A-D2 receptor-receptor interactions and their role in neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuropharmacology 2023:109636. [PMID: 37321323 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is now generally accepted that astrocytes are active players in synaptic transmission, so that a neurocentric perspective of the integrative signal communication in the central nervous system is shifting towards a neuro-astrocentric perspective. Astrocytes respond to synaptic activity, release chemical signals (gliotransmitters) and express neurotransmitter receptors (G protein-coupled and ionotropic receptors), thus behaving as co-actors with neurons in signal communication in the central nervous system. The ability of G protein-coupled receptors to physically interact through heteromerization, forming heteromers and receptor mosaics with new distinct signal recognition and transduction pathways, has been intensively studied at neuronal plasma membrane, and has changed the view of the integrative signal communication in the central nervous system. One of the best-known examples of receptor-receptor interaction through heteromerization, with relevant consequences for both the physiological and the pharmacological points of view, is given by adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors on the plasma membrane of striatal neurons. Here we review evidence that native A2A and D2 receptors can interact through heteromerization at the plasma membrane of astrocytes as well. Astrocytic A2A-D2 heteromers were found able to control the release of glutamate from the striatal astrocyte processes. A2A-D2 heteromers on striatal astrocytes and astrocyte processes are discussed as far as their potential relevance in the control of glutamatergic transmission in striatum is concerned, including potential roles in glutamatergic transmission dysregulation in pathological conditions including schizophrenia or the Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Center for Promotion of 3Rs in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy.
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
| | - Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy.
| | - Sarah Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
| | - Cristina Ceccoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
| | - Luigi F Agnati
- Department of Biochemical, Metabolic Sciences and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Center for Promotion of 3Rs in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy; Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Italy.
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15
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Estrada-Sánchez AM, Rangel-Barajas C, Howe AG, Barton SJ, Mach RH, Luedtke RR, Rebec GV. Selective Activation of D3 Dopamine Receptors Ameliorates DOI-Induced Head Twitching Accompanied by Changes in Corticostriatal Processing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119300. [PMID: 37298250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
D3 receptors, a key component of the dopamine system, have emerged as a potential target of therapies to improve motor symptoms across neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of D3 receptor activation on the involuntary head twitches induced by 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) at behavioral and electrophysiological levels. Mice received an intraperitoneal injection of either a full D3 agonist, WC 44 [4-(2-fluoroethyl)-N-[4-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin 1-yl]butyl]benzamide] or a partial D3 agonist, WW-III-55 [N-(4-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)benzamide] five minutes before the intraperitoneal administration of DOI. Compared to the control group, both D3 agonists delayed the onset of the DOI-induced head-twitch response and reduced the total number and frequency of the head twitches. Moreover, the simultaneous recording of neuronal activity in the motor cortex (M1) and dorsal striatum (DS) indicated that D3 activation led to slight changes in a single unit activity, mainly in DS, and increased its correlated firing in DS or between presumed cortical pyramidal neurons (CPNs) and striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). Our results confirm the role of D3 receptor activation in controlling DOI-induced involuntary movements and suggest that this effect involves, at least in part, an increase in correlated corticostriatal activity. A further understanding of the underlying mechanisms may provide a suitable target for treating neuropathologies in which involuntary movements occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Estrada-Sánchez
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICYT), Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4a Sección, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - Claudia Rangel-Barajas
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Andrew G Howe
- Psychology Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Intelligent Systems Laboratory, HRL Laboratories, LLC., Malibu, CA 90265, USA
| | - Scott J Barton
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Robert H Mach
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Chemistry Building, 231 S. 34th St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert R Luedtke
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - George V Rebec
- Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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16
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Possemato E, La Barbera L, Nobili A, Krashia P, D'Amelio M. The role of dopamine in NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101907. [PMID: 36893920 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
In the Central Nervous System (CNS), neuroinflammation orchestrated by microglia and astrocytes is an innate immune response to counteract stressful and dangerous insults. One of the most important and best characterized players in the neuroinflammatory response is the NLRP3 inflammasome, a multiproteic complex composed by NOD-like receptor family Pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and pro-caspase-1. Different stimuli mediate NLRP3 activation, resulting in the NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β and IL-18) maturation and secretion. The persistent and uncontrolled NLRP3 inflammasome activation has a leading role during the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation in age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's (AD). The neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) is one of the players that negatively modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation through DA receptors expressed in both microglia and astrocytes. This review summarizes recent findings linking the role of DA in the modulation of NLRP3-mediated neuroinflammation in PD and AD, where early deficits of the dopaminergic system are well characterized. Highlighting the relationship between DA, its glial receptors and the NLRP3-mediated neuroinflammation can provide insights to novel diagnostic strategies in early disease phases and new pharmacological tools to delay the progression of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Possemato
- Department of Sciences and Technologies for Humans and Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Livia La Barbera
- Department of Sciences and Technologies for Humans and Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Nobili
- Department of Sciences and Technologies for Humans and Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Paraskevi Krashia
- Department of Sciences and Technologies for Humans and Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello D'Amelio
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy.
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17
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Kuroda T, Matsuda N, Ishibashi Y, Suzuki I. Detection of astrocytic slow oscillatory activity and response to seizurogenic compounds using planar microelectrode array. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:1050150. [PMID: 36703996 PMCID: PMC9872017 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1050150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the development of the planar microelectrode array (MEA), it has become popular to evaluate compounds based on the electrical activity of rodent and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons. However, there are no reports recording spontaneous human astrocyte activity from astrocyte-only culture sample by MEA. It is becoming clear that astrocytes play an important role in various neurological diseases, and astrocytes are expected to be excellent candidates for targeted therapeutics for the treatment of neurological diseases. Therefore, measuring astrocyte activity is very important for drug development for astrocytes. Recently, astrocyte activity has been found to be reflected in the low-frequency band < 1 Hz, which is much lower than the frequency band for recording neural activity. Here, we separated the signals obtained from human primary astrocytes cultured on MEA into seven frequency bands and successfully recorded the extracellular electrical activity of human astrocytes. The slow waveforms of spontaneous astrocyte activity were observed most clearly in direct current potentials < 1 Hz. We established nine parameters to assess astrocyte activity and evaluated five seizurogenic drug responses in human primary astrocytes and human iPSC-derived astrocytes. Astrocytes demonstrated the most significant dose-dependent changes in pilocarpine. Furthermore, in a principal component analysis using those parameter sets, the drug responses to each seizurogenic compound were separated. In this paper, we report the spontaneous electrical activity measurement of astrocytes alone using MEA for the first time and propose that the MEA measurement focusing on the low-frequency band could be useful as one of the methods to assess drug response in vitro.
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18
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Channer B, Matt SM, Nickoloff-Bybel EA, Pappa V, Agarwal Y, Wickman J, Gaskill PJ. Dopamine, Immunity, and Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:62-158. [PMID: 36757901 PMCID: PMC9832385 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function, regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also regulates critical functions in peripheral organs, such as blood pressure, renal activity, and intestinal motility. Beyond these functions, a growing body of evidence indicates that dopamine is an important immunoregulatory factor. Most types of immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopaminergic proteins, and many immune cells take up, produce, store, and/or release dopamine, suggesting that dopaminergic immunomodulation is important for immune function. Targeting these pathways could be a promising avenue for the treatment of inflammation and disease, but despite increasing research in this area, data on the specific effects of dopamine on many immune cells and disease processes remain inconsistent and poorly understood. Therefore, this review integrates the current knowledge of the role of dopamine in immune cell function and inflammatory signaling across systems. We also discuss the current understanding of dopaminergic regulation of immune signaling in the CNS and peripheral tissues, highlighting the role of dopaminergic immunomodulation in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, several neuropsychiatric conditions, neurologic human immunodeficiency virus, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and others. Careful consideration is given to the influence of experimental design on results, and we note a number of areas in need of further research. Overall, this review integrates our knowledge of dopaminergic immunology at the cellular, tissue, and disease level and prompts the development of therapeutics and strategies targeted toward ameliorating disease through dopaminergic regulation of immunity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Canonically, dopamine is recognized as a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of movement, cognition, and reward. However, dopamine also acts as an immune modulator in the central nervous system and periphery. This review comprehensively assesses the current knowledge of dopaminergic immunomodulation and the role of dopamine in disease pathogenesis at the cellular and tissue level. This will provide broad access to this information across fields, identify areas in need of further investigation, and drive the development of dopaminergic therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breana Channer
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Stephanie M Matt
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Emily A Nickoloff-Bybel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Yash Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Jason Wickman
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Peter J Gaskill
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
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19
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Lane EL, Lelos MJ. Defining the unknowns for cell therapies in Parkinson's disease. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049543. [PMID: 36165848 PMCID: PMC9555765 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
First-in-human clinical trials have commenced to test the safety and efficacy of cell therapies for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Proof of concept that this neural repair strategy is efficacious is based on decades of preclinical studies and clinical trials using primary foetal cells, as well as a significant literature exploring more novel stem cell-derived products. Although several measures of efficacy have been explored, including the successful in vitro differentiation of stem cells to dopamine neurons and consistent alleviation of motor dysfunction in rodent models, many unknowns still remain regarding the long-term clinical implications of this treatment strategy. Here, we consider some of these outstanding questions, including our understanding of the interaction between anti-Parkinsonian medication and the neural transplant, the impact of the cell therapy on cognitive or neuropsychiatric symptoms of PD, the role of neuroinflammation in the therapeutic process and the development of graft-induced dyskinesias. We identify questions that are currently pertinent to the field that require further exploration, and pave the way for a more holistic understanding of this neural repair strategy for treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Lane
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Mariah J. Lelos
- School of Biosciences, Museum Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
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20
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Morimoto K, Ouchi M, Kitano T, Eguchi R, Otsuguro KI. Dopamine regulates astrocytic IL-6 expression and process formation via dopamine receptors and adrenoceptors. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 928:175110. [PMID: 35738452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine levels in the central nervous system change under pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and addiction. Under those pathological conditions, astrocytes become reactive astrocytes characterized by morphological changes and the release of inflammatory cytokines involved in pathogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether dopamine regulates astrocytic morphology and functions. Elucidating these issues will help us to understand the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases caused by abnormal dopamine signaling. In this study, we investigated the effects of dopamine on IL-6 expression and process formation in rat primary cultured astrocytes and acute hippocampal slices. Dopamine increased IL-6 expression in a concentration-dependent manner, and this was accompanied by CREB phosphorylation. The effects of a low dopamine concentration (1 μM) were inhibited by a D1-like receptor antagonist, whereas the effects of a high dopamine concentration (100 μM) were inhibited by a β-antagonist and enhanced by a D2-like receptor antagonist. Furthermore, dopamine (100 μM) promoted process formation, which was inhibited by a β-antagonist and enhanced by both an α-antagonist and a D2-like receptor antagonist. In acute hippocampal slices, both a D1-like receptor agonist and β-agonist changed astrocytic morphology. Together, these results indicate that dopamine promotes IL-6 expression and process formation via D1-like receptors and β-adrenoceptors. Furthermore, bidirectional regulation exists; namely, the effects of D1-like receptors and β-adrenoceptors were negatively regulated by D2-like receptors and α2-adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Morimoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mai Ouchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kitano
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ryota Eguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Otsuguro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan.
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21
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Bouvier DS, Fixemer S, Heurtaux T, Jeannelle F, Frauenknecht KBM, Mittelbronn M. The Multifaceted Neurotoxicity of Astrocytes in Ageing and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Translational Perspective. Front Physiol 2022; 13:814889. [PMID: 35370777 PMCID: PMC8969602 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.814889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a healthy physiological context, astrocytes are multitasking cells contributing to central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, defense, and immunity. In cell culture or rodent models of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), numerous studies have shown that astrocytes can adopt neurotoxic phenotypes that could enhance disease progression. Chronic inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, unbalanced phagocytosis, or alteration of their core physiological roles are the main manifestations of their detrimental states. However, if astrocytes are directly involved in brain deterioration by exerting neurotoxic functions in patients with NDDs is still controversial. The large spectrum of NDDs, with often overlapping pathologies, and the technical challenges associated with the study of human brain samples complexify the analysis of astrocyte involvement in specific neurodegenerative cascades. With this review, we aim to provide a translational overview about the multi-facets of astrocyte neurotoxicity ranging from in vitro findings over mouse and human cell-based studies to rodent NDDs research and finally evidence from patient-related research. We also discuss the role of ageing in astrocytes encompassing changes in physiology and response to pathologic stimuli and how this may prime detrimental responses in NDDs. To conclude, we discuss how potentially therapeutic strategies could be adopted to alleviate or reverse astrocytic toxicity and their potential to impact neurodegeneration and dementia progression in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Bouvier
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg (UL), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- *Correspondence: David S. Bouvier,
| | - Sonja Fixemer
- Luxembourg Center of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg (UL), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Tony Heurtaux
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Félicia Jeannelle
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Katrin B. M. Frauenknecht
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg (UL), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Department of Cancer Research (DOCR), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology, and Medicine (FSTM), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Michel Mittelbronn,
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22
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Harris KL, Mason SL, Vallin B, Barker RA. Reduced expression of dopamine D2 receptors on astrocytes in R6/1 HD mice and HD post-mortem tissue. Neurosci Lett 2022; 767:136289. [PMID: 34637857 PMCID: PMC9188264 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the central dopaminergic system is thought to contribute to some of the clinical features of Huntington's disease (HD), and dopamine (DA) receptor antagonists are commonly used to good effect in its treatment. It is well established that there is an early significant reduction in neuronal D2 receptors in HD, considered to be a compensatory response to increased dopaminergic activity. However, no studies have examined the expression of D2 receptors on astrocytes which is important given that these cells have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of HD, as well as express dopamine receptors and modulate DA homeostasis in the normal brain. We therefore sought to investigate the expression of D2 receptors on astrocytes in HD, and found them to be reduced in both the R6/1 HD mouse model, and in human post-mortem brain in comparison to controls, suggesting that astrocytes may be important in DA-dependent aspects of HD. Further studies are needed to determine the functional significance of this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Harris
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Trumpington, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
| | - Sarah L Mason
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Benjamin Vallin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Roger A Barker
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK; MRC-WT Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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23
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Involvement of DA D3 Receptors in Structural Neuroplasticity of Selected Limbic Brain Circuits: Possible Role in Treatment-Resistant Depression. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2022; 60:73-87. [PMID: 35538302 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Structural neuroplasticity in the adult brain is a process involving quantitative changes of the number and size of neurons and of their dendritic arborization, axon branching, spines, and synapses. These changes can occur in specific neural circuits as adaptive response to environmental challenges, exposure to stressors, tissue damage or degeneration. Converging studies point to evidence of structural plasticity in circuits operated by glutamate, GABA, dopamine, and serotonin neurotransmitters, in concert with neurotrophic factors such as Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) or Insulin Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) and a series of modulators that include circulating hormones. Intriguingly, most of these endogenous agents trigger the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK1/2 intracellular pathways that, in turn, lead to the production of growth-related structural changes, enhancing protein synthesis, metabolic enzyme functions, mitogenesis for energy, and new lipid-bilayer membrane apposition. The dopamine (DA) D3 receptor has been shown to play a specific role by inducing structural plasticity of the DAergic neurons of the nigrostriatal and mesocorticolimbic circuit, where they are expressed in rodents and humans, via activation of the mTORC1 and ERK1/2 pathways. These effects are BDNF-dependent and require the recruitment of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors to allow the structural changes. Since in mood disorders, depression and anhedonia have been proposed to be associated with impaired neuroplasticity and reduced DAergic tone in brain circuits connecting prefrontal cortex, ventral striatum, amygdala, and ventral mesencephalon, activation of D3 receptors could provide a therapeutic benefit. Sustained improvements of mood and anhedonia were observed in subjects with an unsatisfactory response to serotonin uptake inhibitors (SSRI) when treated with D3-preferential D2/D3 agonists such as pramipexole and ropinirole. The recent evidence that downstream mTOR pathway activation in human mesencephalic DA neurons is also produced by ketamine, probably the most effective antidepressant currently used in subjects with treatment-resistant depression, further supports the rationale for a D3 receptor activation in mood disorders.
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24
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Walton LR, Verber M, Lee SH, Chao THH, Wightman RM, Shih YYI. Simultaneous fMRI and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry bridges evoked oxygen and neurotransmitter dynamics across spatiotemporal scales. Neuroimage 2021; 244:118634. [PMID: 34624504 PMCID: PMC8667333 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular contributions of neurotransmitters to the hemodynamic response are gaining more attention in neuroimaging studies, as many neurotransmitters are vasomodulatory. To date, well-established electrochemical techniques that detect neurotransmission in high magnetic field environments are limited. Here, we propose an experimental setting enabling simultaneous fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) and blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic imaging (BOLD fMRI) to measure both local tissue oxygen and dopamine responses, and global BOLD changes, respectively. By using MR-compatible materials and the proposed data acquisition schemes, FSCV detected physiological analyte concentrations with high temporal resolution and spatial specificity inside of a 9.4 T MRI bore. We found that tissue oxygen and BOLD correlate strongly, and brain regions that encode dopamine amplitude differences can be identified via modeling simultaneously acquired dopamine FSCV and BOLD fMRI time-courses. This technique provides complementary neurochemical and hemodynamic information and expands the scope of studying the influence of local neurotransmitter release over the entire brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay R Walton
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.
| | - Matthew Verber
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Tzu-Hao Harry Chao
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - R Mark Wightman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.
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25
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Astrocyte-neuron signaling in the mesolimbic dopamine system: the hidden stars of dopamine signaling. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1864-1872. [PMID: 34253855 PMCID: PMC8429665 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are fundamental components of brain information processing and possess the ability to respond to synaptic signaling with increases in cytoplasmic calcium and modulate neuronal activity with the subsequent release of neuroactive transmitters. Dopamine signaling is essential for brain physiology and pathology, participating in learning and memory, motor control, neurological diseases, and psychiatric diseases, and astrocytes are emerging as a key cellular target of dopamine signaling. The present review will examine evidence revealing that astrocytes respond to dopamine and modulate information processing in the primary brain regions implicated in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Astrocytes exhibit circuit-specific modulation of neuronal networks and have the potential to serve as a therapeutic target for interventions designed for dopamine pathologies.
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26
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Gloria Y, Ceyzériat K, Tsartsalis S, Millet P, Tournier BB. Dopaminergic dysfunction in the 3xTg-AD mice model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19412. [PMID: 34593951 PMCID: PMC8484608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid (Aβ) protein aggregation and neurofibrillary tangles accumulation, accompanied by neuroinflammation. With all the therapeutic attempts targeting these biomarkers having been unsuccessful, the understanding of early mechanisms involved in the pathology is of paramount importance. Dopaminergic system involvement in AD has been suggested, particularly through the appearance of dopaminergic dysfunction-related neuropsychiatric symptoms and an overall worsening of cognitive and behavioral symptoms. In this study, we reported an early dopaminergic dysfunction in a mouse model presenting both amyloid and Tau pathology. 3xTg-AD mice showed an increase of postsynaptic D2/3R receptors density in the striatum and D2/3-autoreceptors in SN/VTA cell bodies. Functionally, a reduction of anxiety-like behavior, an increase in locomotor activity and D2R hyper-sensitivity to quinpirole stimulation have been observed. In addition, microglial cells in the striatum showed an early inflammatory response, suggesting its participation in dopaminergic alterations. These events are observed at an age when tau accumulation and Aβ deposits in the hippocampus are low. Thus, our results suggest that early dopaminergic dysfunction could have consequences in behavior and cognitive function, and may shed light on future therapeutic pathways of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesica Gloria
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Ceyzériat
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Nuclear Medicine, Diagnostic Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stergios Tsartsalis
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philippe Millet
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin B Tournier
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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27
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Zheng C, Zhang F. New insights into pathogenesis of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Neurotoxicology 2021; 86:104-113. [PMID: 34331976 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive and self-propelling neurodegenerative disorder, which is characterized by motor symptoms, such as rigidity, tremor, slowness of movement and problems with gait. These symptoms become worse over time. To date, Dopamine (DA) replacement therapy with 3, 4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) is still the most effective pharmacotherapy for motor symptoms of PD. Unfortunately, motor fluctuations consisting of wearing-off effect actions and dyskinesia tend to occur in a few years of starting l-DOPA. Currently, l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is troublesome and the pathogenesis of LID requires further investigation. Importantly, a new intervention for LID is imminent. Thus, this review mainly summarized the clinical features, risk factors and pathogenesis of LID to provide updatefor the development of therapeutic targets and new approaches for the treatment of LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Zheng
- Laboratory Animal Center and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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28
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Jiménez-González A, Gómez-Acevedo C, Ochoa-Aguilar A, Chavarría A. The Role of Glia in Addiction: Dopamine as a Modulator of Glial Responses in Addiction. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:2109-2120. [PMID: 34057683 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Addiction is a chronic and potentially deadly disease considered a global health problem. Nevertheless, there is still no ideal treatment for its management. The alterations in the reward system are the most known pathophysiological mechanisms. Dopamine is the pivotal neurotransmitter involved in neuronal drug reward mechanisms and its neuronal mechanisms have been intensely investigated in recent years. However, neuroglial interactions and their relation to drug addiction development and maintenance of drug addiction have been understudied. Many reports have found that most neuroglial cells express dopamine receptors and that dopamine activity may induce neuroimmunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, current research has also shown that pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules modulate dopaminergic neuron activity. Thus, studying the immune mechanisms of dopamine associated with drug abuse is vital in researching new pathophysiological mechanisms and new therapeutic targets for addiction management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Jiménez-González
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Gómez-Acevedo
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abraham Ochoa-Aguilar
- Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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29
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Booth S, Ramadan A, Zhang D, Lu L, Kirouac G, Jackson MF, Anderson C, Ko JH. The Vasomotor Response to Dopamine Is Altered in the Rat Model of l-dopa-Induced Dyskinesia. Mov Disord 2021; 36:938-947. [PMID: 33135810 PMCID: PMC8246949 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levodopa (l-dopa) is the frontline treatment for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, prolonged use of l-dopa results in a motor complication known as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in ~50% of patients over 5 years. OBJECTIVES We investigated neurovascular abnormalities in a rat model of LID by examining changes in angiogenesis and dopamine-dependent vessel diameter changes. METHODS Differences in striatal and nigral angiogenesis in a parkinsonian rat model (6-OHDA lesion) treated with 2 doses of l-dopa (saline, 2, and 10 mg/kg/day subcutaneous l-dopa treatment for 22 days) by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-RECA1 co-immunofluorescence. Difference in the vasomotor response to dopamine was examined with 2-photon laser scanning microscopy and Dodt gradient imaging. RESULTS We found that the 10 mg/kg l-dopa dosing regimen induced LID in all animals (n = 5) and induced significant angiogenesis in the striatum and substantia nigra. In contrast, the 2 mg/kg treatment induced LID in 6 out of 12 rats and led to linearly increasing LID severity over the 22-day treatment period, making this a promising model for studying LID progression longitudinally. However, no significantly different level of angiogenesis was observed between LID versus non-LID animals. Dopamine-induced vasodilatory responses were exaggerated only in rats that show LID-like signs compared to the rest of groups. Additionally, in juvenile rats, we showed that DA-induced vasodilation is preceded by increased Ca2+ release in the adjacent astrocytes. CONCLUSION This finding supports that astrocytic dopamine signaling controls striatal blood flow bidirectionally, and the balance is altered in LID. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Booth
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell ScienceUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Kleyson Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Science CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Abdullah Ramadan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell ScienceUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Kleyson Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Science CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Dali Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell ScienceUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Kleyson Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Science CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Lingling Lu
- Kleyson Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Science CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Department of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Gilbert Kirouac
- Department of Oral BiologyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Michael F. Jackson
- Kleyson Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Science CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Department of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Chris Anderson
- Kleyson Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Science CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Department of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Ji Hyun Ko
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell ScienceUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Kleyson Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Science CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
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30
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Prasad K, de Vries EFJ, Elsinga PH, Dierckx RAJO, van Waarde A. Allosteric Interactions between Adenosine A 2A and Dopamine D 2 Receptors in Heteromeric Complexes: Biochemical and Pharmacological Characteristics, and Opportunities for PET Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041719. [PMID: 33572077 PMCID: PMC7915359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine and dopamine interact antagonistically in living mammals. These interactions are mediated via adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors (R). Stimulation of A2AR inhibits and blockade of A2AR enhances D2R-mediated locomotor activation and goal-directed behavior in rodents. In striatal membrane preparations, adenosine decreases both the affinity and the signal transduction of D2R via its interaction with A2AR. Reciprocal A2AR/D2R interactions occur mainly in striatopallidal GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the indirect pathway that are involved in motor control, and in striatal astrocytes. In the nucleus accumbens, they also take place in MSNs involved in reward-related behavior. A2AR and D2R co-aggregate, co-internalize, and co-desensitize. They are at very close distance in biomembranes and form heteromers. Antagonistic interactions between adenosine and dopamine are (at least partially) caused by allosteric receptor–receptor interactions within A2AR/D2R heteromeric complexes. Such interactions may be exploited in novel strategies for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, substance abuse, and perhaps also attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Little is known about shifting A2AR/D2R heteromer/homodimer equilibria in the brain. Positron emission tomography with suitable ligands may provide in vivo information about receptor crosstalk in the living organism. Some experimental approaches, and strategies for the design of novel imaging agents (e.g., heterobivalent ligands) are proposed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Prasad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (E.F.J.d.V.); (P.H.E.); (R.A.J.O.D.)
- Correspondence: (K.P.); (A.v.W.); Tel.: +31-50-3613215
| | - Erik F. J. de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (E.F.J.d.V.); (P.H.E.); (R.A.J.O.D.)
| | - Philip H. Elsinga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (E.F.J.d.V.); (P.H.E.); (R.A.J.O.D.)
| | - Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (E.F.J.d.V.); (P.H.E.); (R.A.J.O.D.)
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, C.Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Aren van Waarde
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (E.F.J.d.V.); (P.H.E.); (R.A.J.O.D.)
- Correspondence: (K.P.); (A.v.W.); Tel.: +31-50-3613215
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31
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Abstract
In the twentieth century, neuropsychiatric disorders have been perceived solely from a neurone-centric point of view, which considers neurones as the key cellular elements of pathological processes. This dogma has been challenged thanks to the better comprehension of the brain functioning, which, even if far from being complete, has revealed the complexity of interactions that exist between neurones and neuroglia. Glial cells represent a highly heterogeneous population of cells of neural (astroglia and oligodendroglia) and non-neural (microglia) origin populating the central nervous system. The variety of glia reflects the innumerable functions that glial cells perform to support functions of the nervous system. Aberrant execution of glial functions contributes to the development of neuropsychiatric pathologies. Arguably, all types of glial cells are implicated in the neuropathology; however, astrocytes have received particular attention in recent years because of their pleiotropic functions that make them decisive in maintaining cerebral homeostasis. This chapter describes the multiple roles of astrocytes in the healthy central nervous system and discusses the diversity of astroglial responses in neuropsychiatric disorders suggesting that targeting astrocytes may represent an effective therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Vladimir Parpura
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Baoman Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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32
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Miyazaki I, Asanuma M. Neuron-Astrocyte Interactions in Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122623. [PMID: 33297340 PMCID: PMC7762285 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. PD patients exhibit motor symptoms such as akinesia/bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability due to a loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Although the pathogenesis in sporadic PD remains unknown, there is a consensus on the involvement of non-neuronal cells in the progression of PD pathology. Astrocytes are the most numerous glial cells in the central nervous system. Normally, astrocytes protect neurons by releasing neurotrophic factors, producing antioxidants, and disposing of neuronal waste products. However, in pathological situations, astrocytes are known to produce inflammatory cytokines. In addition, various studies have reported that astrocyte dysfunction also leads to neurodegeneration in PD. In this article, we summarize the interaction of astrocytes and dopaminergic neurons, review the pathogenic role of astrocytes in PD, and discuss therapeutic strategies for the prevention of dopaminergic neurodegeneration. This review highlights neuron-astrocyte interaction as a target for the development of disease-modifying drugs for PD in the future.
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33
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Conde Rojas I, Acosta-García J, Caballero-Florán RN, Jijón-Lorenzo R, Recillas-Morales S, Avalos-Fuentes JA, Paz-Bermúdez F, Leyva-Gómez G, Cortés H, Florán B. Dopamine D4 receptor modulates inhibitory transmission in pallido-pallidal terminals and regulates motor behavior. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:4563-4585. [PMID: 33098606 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two major groups of terminals release GABA within the Globus pallidus; one group is constituted by projections from striatal neurons, while endings of the intranuclear collaterals form the other one. Each neurons' population expresses different subtypes of dopamine D2-like receptors: D2 R subtype is expressed by encephalin-positive MSNs, while pallidal neurons express the D4 R subtype. The D2 R modulates the firing rate of striatal neurons and GABA release at their projection areas, while the D4 R regulates Globus pallidus neurons excitability and GABA release at their projection areas. However, it is unknown if these receptors control GABA release at pallido-pallidal collaterals and regulate motor behavior. Here, we present neurochemical evidence of protein content and binding of D4 R in pallidal synaptosomes, control of [3 H] GABA release in pallidal slices of rat, electrophysiological evidence of the presence of D4 R on pallidal recurrent collaterals in mouse slices, and turning behavior induced by D4 R antagonist microinjected in amphetamine challenged rats. As in projection areas of pallidal neurons, GABAergic transmission in pallido-pallidal recurrent synapses is under modulation of D4 R, while the D2 R subtype, as known, modulates striato-pallidal projections. Also, as in projection areas, D4 R contributes to control the motor activity differently than D2 R. This study could help to understand the organization of intra-pallidal circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Conde Rojas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
| | | | | | - Rafael Jijón-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
| | - Sergio Recillas-Morales
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - José Arturo Avalos-Fuentes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
| | - Francisco Paz-Bermúdez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Benjamín Florán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
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34
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Mitlöhner J, Kaushik R, Niekisch H, Blondiaux A, Gee CE, Happel MFK, Gundelfinger E, Dityatev A, Frischknecht R, Seidenbecher C. Dopamine Receptor Activation Modulates the Integrity of the Perisynaptic Extracellular Matrix at Excitatory Synapses. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020260. [PMID: 31972963 PMCID: PMC7073179 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the brain, Hebbian-type and homeostatic forms of plasticity are affected by neuromodulators like dopamine (DA). Modifications of the perisynaptic extracellular matrix (ECM), which control the functions and mobility of synaptic receptors as well as the diffusion of transmitters and neuromodulators in the extracellular space, are crucial for the manifestation of plasticity. Mechanistic links between synaptic activation and ECM modifications are largely unknown. Here, we report that neuromodulation via D1-type DA receptors can induce targeted ECM proteolysis specifically at excitatory synapses of rat cortical neurons via proteases ADAMTS-4 and -5. We showed that receptor activation induces increased proteolysis of brevican (BC) and aggrecan, two major constituents of the adult ECM both in vivo and in vitro. ADAMTS immunoreactivity was detected near synapses, and shRNA-mediated knockdown reduced BC cleavage. We have outlined a molecular scenario of how synaptic activity and neuromodulation are linked to ECM rearrangements via increased cAMP levels, NMDA receptor activation, and intracellular calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mitlöhner
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.M.); (A.B.); (E.G.)
| | - Rahul Kaushik
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Molecular Neuroplasticity Group, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Niekisch
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Department of Systems Physiology of Learning, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (H.N.); (M.F.K.H.)
| | - Armand Blondiaux
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.M.); (A.B.); (E.G.)
| | - Christine E. Gee
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), Institute for Synaptic Physiology, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Max F. K. Happel
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Department of Systems Physiology of Learning, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (H.N.); (M.F.K.H.)
| | - Eckart Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.M.); (A.B.); (E.G.)
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Dityatev
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Molecular Neuroplasticity Group, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (R.F.); (C.S.); Tel.: +49-391 67-24526 (A.D.); +49-9131 85-28051 (R.F.); +49-391-6263-92401 (C.S.)
| | - Renato Frischknecht
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.M.); (A.B.); (E.G.)
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (R.F.); (C.S.); Tel.: +49-391 67-24526 (A.D.); +49-9131 85-28051 (R.F.); +49-391-6263-92401 (C.S.)
| | - Constanze Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.M.); (A.B.); (E.G.)
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (R.F.); (C.S.); Tel.: +49-391 67-24526 (A.D.); +49-9131 85-28051 (R.F.); +49-391-6263-92401 (C.S.)
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Corkrum M, Covelo A, Lines J, Bellocchio L, Pisansky M, Loke K, Quintana R, Rothwell PE, Lujan R, Marsicano G, Martin ED, Thomas MJ, Kofuji P, Araque A. Dopamine-Evoked Synaptic Regulation in the Nucleus Accumbens Requires Astrocyte Activity. Neuron 2020; 105:1036-1047.e5. [PMID: 31954621 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine is involved in physiological processes like learning and memory, motor control and reward, and pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease and addiction. In contrast to the extensive studies on neurons, astrocyte involvement in dopaminergic signaling remains largely unknown. Using transgenic mice, optogenetics, and pharmacogenetics, we studied the role of astrocytes on the dopaminergic system. We show that in freely behaving mice, astrocytes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key reward center in the brain, respond with Ca2+ elevations to synaptically released dopamine, a phenomenon enhanced by amphetamine. In brain slices, synaptically released dopamine increases astrocyte Ca2+, stimulates ATP/adenosine release, and depresses excitatory synaptic transmission through activation of presynaptic A1 receptors. Amphetamine depresses neurotransmission through stimulation of astrocytes and the consequent A1 receptor activation. Furthermore, astrocytes modulate the acute behavioral psychomotor effects of amphetamine. Therefore, astrocytes mediate the dopamine- and amphetamine-induced synaptic regulation, revealing a novel cellular pathway in the brain reward system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Corkrum
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ana Covelo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; INSERM, U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux Cedex 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | - Justin Lines
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Luigi Bellocchio
- INSERM, U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux Cedex 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | - Marc Pisansky
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kelvin Loke
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ruth Quintana
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Patrick E Rothwell
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Rafael Lujan
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete 02008, Spain
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- INSERM, U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux Cedex 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | | | - Mark J Thomas
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Paulo Kofuji
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alfonso Araque
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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36
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Thomas Broome S, Louangaphay K, Keay KA, Leggio GM, Musumeci G, Castorina A. Dopamine: an immune transmitter. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:2173-2185. [PMID: 32594028 PMCID: PMC7749467 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.284976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system controls several vital central nervous system functions, including the control of movement, reward behaviors and cognition. Alterations of dopaminergic signaling are involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, in particular Parkinson’s disease, which are associated with a subtle and chronic inflammatory response. A substantial body of evidence has demonstrated the non-neuronal expression of dopamine, its receptors and of the machinery that governs synthesis, secretion and storage of dopamine across several immune cell types. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the role and expression of dopamine in immune cells. One of the goals is to decipher the complex mechanisms through which these cell types respond to dopamine, in order to address the impact this has on neurodegenerative and psychiatric pathologies such as Parkinson’s disease. A further aim is to illustrate the gaps in our understanding of the physiological roles of dopamine to encourage more targeted research focused on understanding the consequences of aberrant dopamine production on immune regulation. These highlights may prompt scientists in the field to consider alternative functions of this important neurotransmitter when targeting neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Thomas Broome
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (LCMN), School of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Krystal Louangaphay
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (LCMN), School of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kevin A Keay
- Laboratory of Neural Structure and Function (LNSF), School of Medical Sciences, (Anatomy and Histology), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Castorina
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (LCMN), School of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney; Laboratory of Neural Structure and Function (LNSF), School of Medical Sciences, (Anatomy and Histology), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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37
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Microglial activation contributes to depressive-like behavior in dopamine D3 receptor knockout mice. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 83:226-238. [PMID: 31626970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) inhibitor, NGB2904, increases susceptibility to depressive-like symptoms, elevates pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and alters brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in mesolimbic dopaminergic regions, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in mice. The mechanisms by which D3R inhibition affects neuroinflammation and onset of depression remain unclear. Here, using D3R-knockout (D3RKO) and congenic wild-type C56BL/6 (WT) mice, we demonstrated that D3RKO mice displayed depressive-like behaviors, increased tumornecrosisfactor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 levels, and altered BDNF expression in selected mesolimbic dopaminergic regions. D3R expression was localized to astrocytes or microglia in the mPFC, NAc, and VTA in WT mice. D3RKO mice exhibited a large number of Iba1-labelled microglia in the absence of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-labelled astrocytes in mesolimbic dopaminergic brain areas. Inhibition or ablation of microglia by minocycline (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) or PLX3397 (40 mg/kg) treatment ameliorated depressive-like symptoms, alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and BDNF expression in the indicated brain regions in D3RKO mice. Minocycline therapy alleviated the increase in synaptic density in the NAc in D3RKO mice. These findings suggest that microglial activation in selected mesolimbic reward regions affects depressive-like behaviors induced by D3R deficiency.
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38
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Montoya A, Elgueta D, Campos J, Chovar O, Falcón P, Matus S, Alfaro I, Bono MR, Pacheco R. Dopamine receptor D3 signalling in astrocytes promotes neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:258. [PMID: 31810491 PMCID: PMC6896356 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1652-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation constitutes a pathogenic process leading to neurodegeneration in several disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease (PD) and sepsis. Despite microglial cells being the central players in neuroinflammation, astrocytes play a key regulatory role in this process. Our previous results indicated that pharmacologic-antagonism or genetic deficiency of dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) attenuated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in two mouse models of PD. Here, we studied how DRD3-signalling affects the dynamic of activation of microglia and astrocyte in the context of systemic inflammation. METHODS Neuroinflammation was induced by intraperitoneal administration of LPS. The effect of genetic DRD3-deficiency or pharmacologic DRD3-antagonism in the functional phenotype of astrocytes and microglia was determined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry at different time-points. RESULTS Our results show that DRD3 was expressed in astrocytes, but not in microglial cells. DRD3 deficiency resulted in unresponsiveness of astrocytes and in attenuated microglial activation upon systemic inflammation. Furthermore, similar alterations in the functional phenotypes of glial cells were observed by DRD3 antagonism and genetic deficiency of DRD3 upon LPS challenge. Mechanistic analyses show that DRD3 deficiency resulted in exacerbated expression of the anti-inflammatory protein Fizz1 in glial cells both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that DRD3 signalling regulates the dynamic of the acquisition of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory features by astrocytes and microglia, finally favouring microglial activation and promoting neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andro Montoya
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Elgueta
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Campos
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ornella Chovar
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Falcón
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510157, Santiago, Chile
| | - Soledad Matus
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510157, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, 7800003, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván Alfaro
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, 7590943, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Rosa Bono
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800003, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile. .,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510157, Santiago, Chile. .,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile.
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39
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Guidolin D, Marcoli M, Tortorella C, Maura G, Agnati LF. Adenosine A 2A-dopamine D 2 receptor-receptor interaction in neurons and astrocytes: Evidence and perspectives. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 169:247-277. [PMID: 31952688 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of receptor-receptor interactions in the early 1980s, together with a more accurate focusing of allosteric mechanisms in proteins, expanded the knowledge on the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signaling processes. GPCRs were seen to operate not only as monomers, but also as quaternary structures shaped by allosteric interactions. These integrative mechanisms can change the function of the GPCRs involved, leading to a sophisticated dynamic of the receptor assembly in terms of modulation of recognition and signaling. In this context, the heterodimeric complex formed by the adenosine A2A and the dopamine D2 receptors likely represents a prototypical example. The pharmacological evidence obtained, together with the tissue distribution of the A2A-D2 heteromeric complexes, suggested they could represent a target for new therapeutic strategies addressing significant disorders of the central nervous system. The research findings and the perspectives they offer from the therapeutic standpoint are the focus of the here presented discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Cinzia Tortorella
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi F Agnati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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40
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Verkhratsky A, Parpura V, Vardjan N, Zorec R. Physiology of Astroglia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1175:45-91. [PMID: 31583584 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9913-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are principal cells responsible for maintaining the brain homeostasis. Additionally, these glial cells are also involved in homocellular (astrocyte-astrocyte) and heterocellular (astrocyte-other cell types) signalling and metabolism. These astroglial functions require an expression of the assortment of molecules, be that transporters or pumps, to maintain ion concentration gradients across the plasmalemma and the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. Astrocytes sense and balance their neurochemical environment via variety of transmitter receptors and transporters. As they are electrically non-excitable, astrocytes display intracellular calcium and sodium fluctuations, which are not only used for operative signalling but can also affect metabolism. In this chapter we discuss the molecules that achieve ionic gradients and underlie astrocyte signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. .,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Vladimir Parpura
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nina Vardjan
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Zorec
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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41
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Engelter S, Hemkens LG, Speich B, Traenka C. Dopaminergic agents versus control for enhancing stroke recovery and rehabilitation. Hippokratia 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Engelter
- Felix Platter Hospital; University Hospital Basel; University of Basel; University Center of Ageing & Rehabilitation; Stroke Center and Neurology; Department of Clinical Research; Petersgraben 4 Basel Switzerland 4031
| | - Lars G Hemkens
- University of Basel; Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Research; Spitalstrasse 12 Basel Germany CH-4031
| | - Benjamin Speich
- University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; Basel Switzerland
| | - Christopher Traenka
- University Hospital and University of Basel; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center; Basel Switzerland
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42
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Zhou Z, Ikegaya Y, Koyama R. The Astrocytic cAMP Pathway in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E779. [PMID: 30759771 PMCID: PMC6386894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are major glial cells that play critical roles in brain homeostasis. Abnormalities in astrocytic functions can lead to brain disorders. Astrocytes also respond to injury and disease through gliosis and immune activation, which can be both protective and detrimental. Thus, it is essential to elucidate the function of astrocytes in order to understand the physiology of the brain to develop therapeutic strategies against brain diseases. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a major second messenger that triggers various downstream cellular machinery in a wide variety of cells. The functions of astrocytes have also been suggested as being regulated by cAMP. Here, we summarize the possible roles of cAMP signaling in regulating the functions of astrocytes. Specifically, we introduce the ways in which cAMP pathways are involved in astrocyte functions, including (1) energy supply, (2) maintenance of the extracellular environment, (3) immune response, and (4) a potential role as a provider of trophic factors, and we discuss how these cAMP-regulated processes can affect brain functions in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Zhou
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Ryuta Koyama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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43
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Guidolin D, Marcoli M, Tortorella C, Maura G, Agnati LF. Receptor-Receptor Interactions as a Widespread Phenomenon: Novel Targets for Drug Development? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:53. [PMID: 30833931 PMCID: PMC6387912 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of receptor-receptor interactions (RRI) has expanded our understanding of the role that G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play in intercellular communication. The finding that GPCRs can operate as receptor complexes, and not only as monomers, suggests that several different incoming signals could already be integrated at the plasma membrane level via direct allosteric interactions between the protomers that form the complex. Most research in this field has focused on neuronal populations and has led to the identification of a large number of RRI. However, RRI have been seen to occur not only in neurons but also in astrocytes and, outside the central nervous system, in cells of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems and in cancer cells. Furthermore, RRI involving the formation of macromolecular complexes are not limited to GPCRs, being also observed in other families of receptors. Thus, RRI appear as a widespread phenomenon and oligomerization as a common mechanism for receptor function and regulation. The discovery of these macromolecular assemblies may well have a major impact on pharmacology. Indeed, the formation of receptor complexes significantly broadens the spectrum of mechanisms available to receptors for recognition and signaling, which may be implemented through modulation of the binding sites of the adjacent protomers and of their signal transduction features. In this context, the possible appearance of novel allosteric sites in the receptor complex structure may be of particular relevance. Thus, the existence of RRI offers the possibility of new therapeutic approaches, and novel pharmacological strategies for disease treatment have already been proposed. Several challenges, however, remain. These include the accurate characterization of the role that the receptor complexes identified so far play in pathological conditions and the development of ligands specific to given receptor complexes, in order to efficiently exploit the pharmacological properties of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Diego Guidolin
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luigi F. Agnati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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44
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Galloway A, Adeluyi A, O'Donovan B, Fisher ML, Rao CN, Critchfield P, Sajish M, Turner JR, Ortinski PI. Dopamine Triggers CTCF-Dependent Morphological and Genomic Remodeling of Astrocytes. J Neurosci 2018; 38:4846-4858. [PMID: 29712779 PMCID: PMC5966792 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3349-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is critical for processing of reward and etiology of drug addiction. Astrocytes throughout the brain express dopamine receptors, but consequences of astrocytic dopamine receptor signaling are not well established. We found that extracellular dopamine triggered rapid concentration-dependent stellation of astrocytic processes that was not a result of dopamine oxidation but instead relied on both cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent dopamine receptor signaling. This was accompanied by reduced duration and increased frequency of astrocytic Ca2+ transients, but little effect on astrocytic voltage-gated potassium channel currents. To isolate possible mechanisms underlying these structural and functional changes, we used whole-genome RNA sequencing and found prominent dopamine-induced enrichment of genes containing the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) motif, suggesting involvement of chromatin restructuring in the nucleus. CTCF binding to promoter sites bidirectionally regulates gene transcription and depends on activation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). Accordingly, antagonism of PARP1 occluded dopamine-induced changes, whereas a PARP1 agonist facilitated dopamine-induced changes on its own. These results indicate that astrocyte response to elevated dopamine involves PARP1-mediated CTCF genomic restructuring and concerted expression of gene networks. Our findings propose epigenetic regulation of chromatin landscape as a critical factor in the rapid astrocyte response to dopamine.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Although dopamine is widely recognized for its role in modulating neuronal responses both in healthy and disease states, little is known about dopamine effects at non-neuronal cells in the brain. To address this gap, we performed whole-genome sequencing of astrocytes exposed to elevated extracellular dopamine and combined it with evaluation of effects on astrocyte morphology and function. We demonstrate a temporally dynamic pattern of genomic plasticity that triggers pronounced changes in astrocyte morphology and function. We further show that this plasticity depends on activation of genes sensitive to DNA-binding protein CTCF. Our results propose that a broad pattern of astrocyte responses to dopamine specifically relies on CTCF-dependent gene networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Galloway
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209
- Integrated Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29209, and
| | - Adewale Adeluyi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Bernadette O'Donovan
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209
| | - Miranda L Fisher
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Chintada Nageswara Rao
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Peyton Critchfield
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209
| | - Mathew Sajish
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Jill R Turner
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Pavel I Ortinski
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209,
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45
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Abstract
Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in morphological appearance; they express a multitude of receptors, channels, and membrane transporters. This complement underlies their remarkable adaptive plasticity that defines the functional maintenance of the CNS in development and aging. Astrocytes are tightly integrated into neural networks and act within the context of neural tissue; astrocytes control homeostasis of the CNS at all levels of organization from molecular to the whole organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Verkhratsky
- The University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Achúcarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain ; Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark ; and Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- The University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Achúcarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain ; Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark ; and Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
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46
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Verkhratsky A, Nedergaard M. Physiology of Astroglia. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:239-389. [PMID: 29351512 PMCID: PMC6050349 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 945] [Impact Index Per Article: 157.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in morphological appearance; they express a multitude of receptors, channels, and membrane transporters. This complement underlies their remarkable adaptive plasticity that defines the functional maintenance of the CNS in development and aging. Astrocytes are tightly integrated into neural networks and act within the context of neural tissue; astrocytes control homeostasis of the CNS at all levels of organization from molecular to the whole organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Verkhratsky
- The University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Achúcarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain ; Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark ; and Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- The University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Achúcarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain ; Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark ; and Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
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47
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Verkhratsky A, Nedergaard M. The homeostatic astroglia emerges from evolutionary specialization of neural cells. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2015.0428. [PMID: 27377722 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolution of the nervous system progressed through cellular diversification and specialization of functions. Conceptually, the nervous system is composed from electrically excitable neuronal networks connected with chemical synapses and non-excitable glial cells that provide for homeostasis and defence. Astrocytes are integrated into neural networks through multipartite synapses; astroglial perisynaptic processes closely enwrap synaptic contacts and control homeostasis of the synaptic cleft, supply neurons with glutamate and GABA obligatory precursor glutamine and contribute to synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. In neuropathology, astrocytes may undergo reactive remodelling or degeneration; to a large extent, astroglial reactions define progression of the pathology and neurological outcome.This article is part of the themed issue 'Evolution brings Ca(2+) and ATP together to control life and death'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny, Novgorod 603022, Russia
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
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48
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Dominguez-Meijide A, Rodriguez-Perez AI, Diaz-Ruiz C, Guerra MJ, Labandeira-Garcia JL. Dopamine modulates astroglial and microglial activity via glial renin-angiotensin system in cultures. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 62:277-290. [PMID: 28232171 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is an immunomodulatory molecule that acts on immune effector cells both in the CNS and peripheral tissues. However, the role of changes in dopamine levels in the neuroinflammatory response is controversial. The local/paracrine renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a major role in inflammatory processes in peripheral tissues and brain. In the present study, we investigated the possible role of the brain RAS in the effects of dopamine on the glial inflammatory responses. Astrocytes are the major source of the precursor protein angiotensinogen and angiotensin II (AII) in the brain. Neurotoxins such as MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) can act directly on astrocytes to increase levels of angiotensinogen and AII. Conversely, dopamine, via type-2 (D2) receptors, inhibited production of angiotensinogen, decreased expression of angiotensin type-1 (AT1) receptors and increased expression of AT2 receptors. In microglia, dopamine and dopamine agonists also regulated RAS activity. First, indirectly, via downregulation of the astrocyte-derived AII. Second, via dopamine-induced regulation of microglial angiotensin receptors. Dopamine decreased the microglial AT1/AT2 ratio leading to inhibition of the pro-inflammatory AT1/NADPH-oxidase/superoxide axis. D2 receptors were particularly responsible for microglial RAS inhibition in basal culture conditions. However, both D1 and D2 agonists inhibited the AT1/NADPH-oxidase axis in lipopolysaccharide-treated (LPS; i.e. activated) microglia. The results indicate that the decrease in dopamine levels observed in early stages of Parkinson's disease and aging may promote neuroinflammation and disease progression via glial RAS exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Dominguez-Meijide
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Carmen Diaz-Ruiz
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Maria J Guerra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Jose L Labandeira-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain.
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49
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Carta AR, Mulas G, Bortolanza M, Duarte T, Pillai E, Fisone G, Vozari RR, Del-Bel E. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and neuroinflammation: do microglia and astrocytes play a role? Eur J Neurosci 2016; 45:73-91. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna R. Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Giovanna Mulas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Mariza Bortolanza
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- USP, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Terence Duarte
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- USP, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Elisabetta Pillai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience; Karolinska Institutet; Retzius väg 8 17177 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Rita Raisman Vozari
- INSERM U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR S 1127; Institut Du Cerveau et de La Moelle Epiniére; ICM; Paris France
| | - Elaine Del-Bel
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
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50
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Cervetto C, Venturini A, Passalacqua M, Guidolin D, Genedani S, Fuxe K, Borroto-Esquela DO, Cortelli P, Woods A, Maura G, Marcoli M, Agnati LF. A2A-D2 receptor-receptor interaction modulates gliotransmitter release from striatal astrocyte processes. J Neurochem 2016; 140:268-279. [PMID: 27896809 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence for striatal A2A-D2 heterodimers has led to a new perspective on molecular mechanisms involved in schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. Despite the increasing recognition of astrocytes' participation in neuropsychiatric disease vulnerability, involvement of striatal astrocytes in A2A and D2 receptor signal transmission has never been explored. Here, we investigated the presence of D2 and A2A receptors in isolated astrocyte processes prepared from adult rat striatum by confocal imaging; the effects of receptor activation were measured on the 4-aminopyridine-evoked release of glutamate from the processes. Confocal analysis showed that A2A and D2 receptors were co-expressed on the same astrocyte processes. Evidence for A2A-D2 receptor-receptor interactions was obtained by measuring the release of the gliotransmitter glutamate: D2 receptors inhibited the glutamate release, while activation of A2A receptors, per se ineffective, abolished the effect of D2 receptor activation. The synthetic D2 peptide VLRRRRKRVN corresponding to the receptor region involved in electrostatic interaction underlying A2A-D2 heteromerization abolished the ability of the A2A receptor to antagonize the D2 receptor-mediated effect. Together, the findings are consistent with heteromerization of native striatal astrocytic A2A-D2 receptors that via allosteric receptor-receptor interactions could play a role in the control of striatal glutamatergic transmission. These new findings suggest possible new pathogenic mechanisms and/or therapeutic approaches to neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cervetto
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research CEBR, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto, Genova, Italy
| | - Arianna Venturini
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Mario Passalacqua
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, and Italian Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Susanna Genedani
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Pietro Cortelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences DIBINEM, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Amina Woods
- Structural Biology Unit, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guido Maura
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research CEBR, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto, Genova, Italy
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research CEBR, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi F Agnati
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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