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Carcereny E, Rodriguez-Abreu D, Lopez R, Franco F, Guirado M, Massutí B, Cobo M, Blasco A, Suay G, Del Barco E, Ortega AL, Sala MA, Cordeiro P, Bernabé R, González Larriba JL, Bosch-Barrera J, Calzas J, Casal J, Padilla A, Sánchez-Hernandez A, Provencio M. Advanced non-squamous NSCLC with no actionable oncogenic driver in Spain: a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of data from the Thoracic Tumor Registry. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03511-7. [PMID: 38862862 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the vast majority of all diagnosed lung cancers. According to their histology, most NSCLCs are considered non-squamous cell carcinoma (NSCC), and up to 85% of the latter may lack either one of the two main actionable oncogenic drivers (i.e., EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements). OBJECTIVE Our analysis aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Spanish patients suffering from NSCC with no actionable oncogenic driver in daily clinical practice. DESIGN A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive analysis. METHODS We analyzed the records of all Spanish patients with advanced NSCC diagnosed between January 2011 and January 2020 and included in the Spanish Thoracic Tumor Registry database. We evaluated the presence of metastasis and molecular profiling at the time of diagnosis and treatments received. We also assessed overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) according to first-line treatment. RESULTS One thousand seven hundred ninety-seven Spanish patients with NSCC were included. They were mainly men (73.2%), smokers (current [44.4%] and former [44.4%]) and presented adenocarcinoma histology (97.6%). Most patients had at least one comorbidity (80.4%) and one metastatic site (96.8%), and a non-negligible number of those tested were PD-L1 positive (35.2%). Notably, the presence of liver metastasis indicated a shorter median OS and PFS than metastasis in other locations (p < 0.001). Chemotherapy was more often prescribed than immunotherapy as first-, second-, and third-line treatment in that period. In first-line, the OS rates were similar in patients receiving either regimen, but PFS rates significantly better in patients treated with immunotherapy (p = 0.026). Also, a high number of patients did not reach second- and third-line treatment, suggesting the failure of current early diagnostic measures and therapies. CONCLUSIONS This analysis of the most lethal tumor in Spain could highlight the strengths and the weaknesses of its clinical management and set the ground for further advances and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Carcereny
- Institut Català D'oncologia Badalona- Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, B-Argo Group, Badalona, Spain.
| | | | - Rafael Lopez
- Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Fabio Franco
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Guirado
- Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Bartomeu Massutí
- Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Cobo
- Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Blasco
- Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Suay
- Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Reyes Bernabé
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Joaquim Bosch-Barrera
- Josep Trueta and Precision Oncology Group (OncoGIR-Pro), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Girona (IDIBGI), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Dr, Girona, Spain
| | - Julia Calzas
- Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Casal
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Airam Padilla
- Hospital Universitario, Nuestra Señora De La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Akbari P, Nemati S, Nahvijou A, Bolourinejad P, Forbes L, Zendehdel K. Survey of awareness and beliefs about cancer (ABC) in Tehran Province, Iran. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:579. [PMID: 38734656 PMCID: PMC11088007 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knowledge, attitudes, and practices are essential measures for planning and evaluating cancer control programs. Little is known about these in Iran. METHODS We conducted a population-based interview survey of adults aged 30-70 using the Farsi version of the Awareness and Beliefs about Cancer questionnaire in the capital province of Tehran, Iran, 2019. We calculated weighted estimates of levels of cancer knowledge, attitudes, and practices to allow for different selection probabilities and nonresponse. We used multivariate logistic regression to understand demographic factors associated with bowel, cervix, and breast screening practices. RESULTS We interviewed 736 men and 744 women. The mean number of recalled cancer warning signs was less than one; 57.7% could not recall any cancer warning signs. Participants recognized 5.6 out of 11 early cancer warning signs and 8.8 of 13 cancer risk factors. Most (82.7%) did not know that HPV infection was a cancer risk factor. Approximately, half had negative attitudes towards cancer treatment, but over 80% had positive attitudes towards the effectiveness of screening for improving survival. Colorectal, breast, and cervical screening rates were 24%, 42%, and 49%, respectively. Higher socioeconomic status increased the odds of taking up screening for cancer. Women aged 60-70 were less likely to report taking up breast and cervical screening than younger women. DISCUSSION The Iranian population has poor awareness and negative attitudes about cancer, and participation in screening programs is low. Public awareness and early detection of cancer should be promoted in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Akbari
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Nemati
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Nahvijou
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Bolourinejad
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Lindsay Forbes
- Centre for Health Services Studies, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Ueda Y. Epidemiology of cervical cancer and HPV infection in Asia and Oceania. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2024. [PMID: 38589341 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Cancer will continue to be a major source of morbidity and mortality globally during the foreseeable future. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancer is now a serious problem in both women and men. The most common HPV-related cancer is cervical cancer in females and oropharyngeal cancer in males. Eastern Africa has a high age-standardized incidence of HPV-related cancers, followed in order by Southern Africa, Central Africa, and then the rest of Africa. Among Asian and Oceania countries, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Indonesia, Maldives, and Myanmar have extremely high age-standardized incidences and mortality. Oropharyngeal cancer is less common than cervical cancer, but the age-standardized incidence, for both females and males, is higher in Western Europe, Northern Europe, North America, and Australia/New Zealand. Oropharyngeal cancer incidence rates differ significantly from the rates of cervical cancer within the same countries. In Asia and Oceania, the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer is particularly high among females in Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Australia, and it is highest among males in Bangladesh, New Caledonia, Australia, and French Polynesia. To a certain extent, cervical cancer can be reduced through the development of cervical screening programs and improvements in screening uptake. On the other hand, for oropharyngeal cancer, as of yet, no effective means of cancer screening has been established. Widespread uptake of HPV vaccine will contribute to the reduction of HPV-related cancers in Asia and Oceania, but also in the rest of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Han MA, Kim SH, Hwang EC, Jung JH, Park SM. Population attributable fractions of modifiable cancer risk factors in Korea: A systematic review. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024; 20:299-314. [PMID: 36899477 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The population attributable fraction (PAF), an epidemiologic measure of exposures and health outcomes, can provide information on the public health impacts of exposures in populations. This study aimed to systematically summarize the PAF estimates of modifiable cancer risk factors in Korea. METHODS This review included studies that determined PAFs of modifiable risk factors for cancer in Korea. We performed systematic searches in EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane library, and Korean databases for studies published up to July 2021. Two reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data, and performed quality assessments of the included studies. Due to high variability among the data acquisition methods and PAF estimates, we presented the results qualitatively and did not perform quantitative data synthesis. RESULTS We reviewed 16 studies that reported the PAFs of risk factors for cancer, including smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and various cancer sites. We found considerable variability in the PAF estimates across exposure and cancer pairs. However, PAF estimates for smoking and respiratory cancer were consistently high in men. PAF estimates were higher in men than in women for smoking and alcohol consumption but higher in women for obesity. We found limited evidence for other exposures and cancers. CONCLUSION Our findings may be used to prioritize and plan strategies to reduce cancer burden. We encourage further and updated assessments of cancer risk factors, including those not addressed in the studies included in this review, and their potential contributions to cancer burden to better inform strategies for cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ah Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, The Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Hee Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, The Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Chosun University, Gwangju, The Republic of Korea
| | - Eu Chang Hwang
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, The Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hung Jung
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, The Republic of Korea
- Center of Evidence Based Medicine, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, The Republic of Korea
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Wang Z, Sun W, Hua R, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang H. Promising dawn in tumor microenvironment therapy: engineering oral bacteria. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:24. [PMID: 38472176 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of research, cancer continues to be a major global health concern. The human mouth appears to be a multiplicity of local environments communicating with other organs and causing diseases via microbes. Nowadays, the role of oral microbes in the development and progression of cancer has received increasing scrutiny. At the same time, bioengineering technology and nanotechnology is growing rapidly, in which the physiological activities of natural bacteria are modified to improve the therapeutic efficiency of cancers. These engineered bacteria were transformed to achieve directed genetic reprogramming, selective functional reorganization and precise control. In contrast to endotoxins produced by typical genetically modified bacteria, oral flora exhibits favorable biosafety characteristics. To outline the current cognitions upon oral microbes, engineered microbes and human cancers, related literatures were searched and reviewed based on the PubMed database. We focused on a number of oral microbes and related mechanisms associated with the tumor microenvironment, which involve in cancer occurrence and development. Whether engineering oral bacteria can be a possible application of cancer therapy is worth consideration. A deeper understanding of the relationship between engineered oral bacteria and cancer therapy may enhance our knowledge of tumor pathogenesis thus providing new insights and strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wansu Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruixue Hua
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Hengguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Seyyedsalehi MS, Hadji M, Collatuzzo G, Rashidian H, Sasanfar B, Huybrechts I, Chajes V, Boffetta P, Zendehdel K. Role of dietary intake of specific polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on colorectal cancer risk in Iran. Lipids 2024; 59:41-53. [PMID: 38287648 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diets have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, and the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been reported to vary based on the length of PUFAs. We explored the association between dietary omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs intake and CRC. We analyzed 865 CRC patients and 3206 controls from a case-control study of Iran (IROPICAN study). We used multivariate logistic regression models to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between PUFAs intake and CRC risk. Our results showed that gamma-linolenic acid (18:3 n-6, GLA), arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ARA), a-linolenic acid (Cis-18:3n-3, ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) consumption was not associated with the risk of CRC. However, the OR of linoleic acid (18: 2n-6, LA) intake was 1.47 (95% CI 1.01-2.14, p = 0.04) for proximal colon and that of docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3, DPA) intake was 1.33 (95% CI 1.05-1.69, p = 0.01) for rectum. This study indicates a high level of LA is associated with an increased risk of proximal colon cancer, and DPA intake was positively associated with rectum cancer risk. Furthermore, our study noted a high intake of n-6 (from vegetable oils) compared to n-3 PUFAs (from fish and seafood) in this population. Public awareness and government support is needed to increase fish and seafood production and consumption in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hadji
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Hamideh Rashidian
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sasanfar
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Iran
| | | | | | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sahu M. Twin studies as an innovative approach to address research questions in cancer care within primary care settings. Fam Med Community Health 2024; 12:e002623. [PMID: 38341219 PMCID: PMC10862323 DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2023-002623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes the utilisation of twin studies as a novel and powerful methodological approach to investigate critical research questions pertaining to cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment and survivorship within primary care contexts. The inherent genetic similarity between monozygotic (MZ) (identical) twins provides a unique opportunity to disentangle genetic and environmental influences on cancer-related outcomes. MZ twins share virtually identical genetic makeup, offering a unique opportunity to discern the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to cancer-related outcomes. In contrast, dizygotic (DZ) twins, also known as fraternal twins, develop from two separate eggs fertilised by two different sperm and share on average 50% of their genetic material, the same level of genetic similarity found in non-twin siblings. Comparisons between MZ and DZ twins enable researchers to disentangle hereditary factors from shared environmental influences. This methodology has the potential to advance our understanding of the multifaceted interplay between genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors and healthcare interventions in the context of cancer care. This paper outlines the rationale, design considerations and potential applications of twin studies in primary care-based cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisha Sahu
- Department of Occupational Health, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, India
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, India
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Chang GC, Chiu CH, Yu CJ, Chang YC, Chang YH, Hsu KH, Wu YC, Chen CY, Hsu HH, Wu MT, Yang CT, Chong IW, Lin YC, Hsia TC, Lin MC, Su WC, Lin CB, Lee KY, Wei YF, Lan GY, Chan WP, Wang KL, Wu MH, Tsai HH, Chian CF, Lai RS, Shih JY, Wang CL, Hsu JS, Chen KC, Chen CK, Hsia JY, Peng CK, Tang EK, Hsu CL, Chou TY, Shen WC, Tsai YH, Tsai CM, Chen YM, Lee YC, Chen HY, Yu SL, Chen CJ, Wan YL, Hsiung CA, Yang PC. Low-dose CT screening among never-smokers with or without a family history of lung cancer in Taiwan: a prospective cohort study. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2024; 12:141-152. [PMID: 38042167 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(23)00338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Taiwan, lung cancers occur predominantly in never-smokers, of whom nearly 60% have stage IV disease at diagnosis. We aimed to assess the efficacy of low-dose CT (LDCT) screening among never-smokers, who had other risk factors for lung cancer. METHODS The Taiwan Lung Cancer Screening in Never-Smoker Trial (TALENT) was a nationwide, multicentre, prospective cohort study done at 17 tertiary medical centres in Taiwan. Eligible individuals had negative chest radiography, were aged 55-75 years, had never smoked or had smoked fewer than 10 pack-years and stopped smoking for more than 15 years (self-report), and had one of the following risk factors: a family history of lung cancer; passive smoke exposure; a history of pulmonary tuberculosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders; a cooking index of 110 or higher; or cooking without using ventilation. Eligible participants underwent LDCT at baseline, then annually for 2 years, and then every 2 years up to 6 years thereafter, with follow-up assessments at each LDCT scan (ie, total follow-up of 8 years). A positive scan was defined as a solid or part-solid nodule larger than 6 mm in mean diameter or a pure ground-glass nodule larger than 5 mm in mean diameter. Lung cancer was diagnosed through invasive procedures, such as image-guided aspiration or biopsy or surgery. Here, we report the results of 1-year follow-up after LDCT screening at baseline. The primary outcome was lung cancer detection rate. The p value for detection rates was estimated by the χ2 test. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between lung cancer incidence and each risk factor. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of LDCT screening were also assessed. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02611570, and is ongoing. FINDINGS Between Dec 1, 2015, and July 31, 2019, 12 011 participants (8868 females) were enrolled, of whom 6009 had a family history of lung cancer. Among 12 011 LDCT scans done at baseline, 2094 (17·4%) were positive. Lung cancer was diagnosed in 318 (2·6%) of 12 011 participants (257 [2·1%] participants had invasive lung cancer and 61 [0·5%] had adenocarcinomas in situ). 317 of 318 participants had adenocarcinoma and 246 (77·4%) of 318 had stage I disease. The prevalence of invasive lung cancer was higher among participants with a family history of lung cancer (161 [2·7%] of 6009 participants) than in those without (96 [1·6%] of 6002 participants). In participants with a family history of lung cancer, the detection rate of invasive lung cancer increased significantly with age, whereas the detection rate of adenocarcinoma in situ remained stable. In multivariable analysis, female sex, a family history of lung cancer, and age older than 60 years were associated with an increased risk of lung cancer and invasive lung cancer; passive smoke exposure, cumulative exposure to cooking, cooking without ventilation, and a previous history of chronic lung diseases were not associated with lung cancer, even after stratification by family history of lung cancer. In participants with a family history of lung cancer, the higher the number of first-degree relatives affected, the higher the risk of lung cancer; participants whose mother or sibling had lung cancer were also at an increased risk. A positive LDCT scan had 92·1% sensitivity, 84·6% specificity, a PPV of 14·0%, and a NPV of 99·7% for lung cancer diagnosis. INTERPRETATION TALENT had a high invasive lung cancer detection rate at 1 year after baseline LDCT scan. Overdiagnosis could have occurred, especially in participants diagnosed with adenocarcinoma in situ. In individuals who do not smoke, our findings suggest that a family history of lung cancer among first-degree relatives significantly increases the risk of lung cancer as well as the rate of invasive lung cancer with increasing age. Further research on risk factors for lung cancer in this population is needed, particularly for those without a family history of lung cancer. FUNDING Ministry of Health and Welfare of Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gee-Chen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hua Chiu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yeun-Chung Chang
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Wu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsian-He Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ting Wu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Te-Chun Hsia
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Respirology Center of Excellence, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Bin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thoracic Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Gong-Yau Lan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wing P Chan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kao-Lun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Han Wu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Imaging, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hung Tsai
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Feng Chian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruay-Sheng Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Yuan Shih
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Liang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Sheng Hsu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ku Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiopulmonary Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Yi Hsia
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kan Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Planning, Medical Affairs Bureau Ministry of National Defense, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Kuei Tang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Ying Chou
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Shen
- Artificial Intelligence Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Informatics, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Huang Tsai
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Chun-Ming Tsai
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Lee
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, West Garden Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Liang Wan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao Agnes Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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9
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Kassab AE, Gedawy EM. Recent Advancements in Refashioning of NSAIDs and their Derivatives as Anticancer Candidates. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:1217-1239. [PMID: 38584541 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128304230240327044201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is critical to the formation and development of tumors and is closely associated with cancer. Therefore, addressing inflammation and the mediators that contribute to the inflammatory process may be a useful strategy for both cancer prevention and treatment. Tumor predisposition can be attributed to inflammation. It has been demonstrated that NSAIDs can modify the tumor microenvironment by enhancing apoptosis and chemosensitivity and reducing cell migration. There has been a recent rise in interest in drug repositioning or repurposing because the development of innovative medications is expensive, timeconsuming, and presents a considerable obstacle to drug discovery. Repurposing drugs is crucial for the quicker and less expensive development of anticancer medicines, according to an increasing amount of research. This review summarizes the antiproliferative activity of derivatives of NSAIDs such as Diclofenac, Etodolac, Celecoxib, Ibuprofen, Tolmetin, and Sulindac, published between 2017 and 2023. Their mechanism of action and structural activity relationships (SARs) were also discussed to set the path for potential future repositioning of NSAIDs for clinical deployment in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Ehab M Gedawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, P.O. Box 11829, Egypt
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10
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Zahed H, Feng X, Sheikh M, Bray F, Ferlay J, Ginsburg O, Shiels MS, Robbins HA. Age at diagnosis for lung, colon, breast and prostate cancers: An international comparative study. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:28-40. [PMID: 37615573 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Differences in the average age at cancer diagnosis are observed across countries. We therefore aimed to assess international variation in the median age at diagnosis of common cancers worldwide, after adjusting for differences in population age structure. We used IARC's Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5) Volume XI database, comprising cancer diagnoses between 2008 and 2012 from population-based cancer registries in 65 countries. We calculated crude median ages at diagnosis for lung, colon, breast and prostate cancers in each country, then adjusted for population age differences using indirect standardization. We showed that median ages at diagnosis changed by up to 10 years after standardization, typically increasing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and decreasing in high-income countries (HICs), given relatively younger and older populations, respectively. After standardization, the range of ages at diagnosis was 12 years for lung cancer (median age 61-Bulgaria vs 73-Bahrain), 12 years for colon cancer (60-the Islamic Republic of Iran vs 72-Peru), 10 years for female breast cancer (49-Algeria, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Republic of Korea vs 59-USA and others) and 10 years for prostate cancer (65-USA, Lithuania vs 75-Philippines). Compared to HICs, populations in LMICs were diagnosed with colon cancer at younger ages but with prostate cancer at older ages (both pLMICS-vs-HICs < 0.001). In countries with higher smoking prevalence, lung cancers were diagnosed at younger ages in both women and men (both pcorr < 0.001). Female breast cancer tended to be diagnosed at younger ages in East Asia, the Middle East and Africa. Our findings suggest that the differences in median ages at cancer diagnosis worldwide likely reflect population-level variation in risk factors and cancer control measures, including screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Zahed
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Xiaoshuang Feng
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mahdi Sheikh
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jacques Ferlay
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Ophira Ginsburg
- Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Meredith S Shiels
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Hilary A Robbins
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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11
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Lin Y, Zheng L, Fang K, Zheng Y, Wu J, Zheng M. Proportion of liver cancer cases and deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in China. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1805-1814. [PMID: 37431632 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the differences in the burden of liver cancer due to different risk factors across provinces is critical to informing and improving liver cancer prevention and control. In this study, we estimated the population attributable fractions (PAFs) of liver cancer in all 31 provinces of China in 2016. METHODS Prevalence estimates of risk factors were derived from representative surveys. We used pooled relative risks obtained from several recent large-scale pooled analyses or high-quality meta-analyses. We calculated PAFs using multiple formulas which included exposure prevalence and relative risk data stratified by sex, age and province, and then combined and created overall PAFs by sex, risk factors and risk factor groups. RESULTS Approximately 252 046 liver cancer cases {69.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 52.6, 76.5]} and 212 704 deaths [67.7% (95% CI 50.9, 74.6)] were attributable to modifiable risk factors in China in 2016. The overall PAF for liver cancer was approximately 1.5 times higher in men than in women, with the top three risk factors in men being hepatitis B virus (HBV), smoking and alcohol drinking, whereas in women, they were HBV, excess body weight and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Among the risk factor groups, infectious agents had the highest PAF, followed by behavioural factors and metabolic factors. CONCLUSIONS The PAF for liver cancer caused by modifiable risk factors varies widely among provinces and socioeconomic and geographical regions in China. The use of tailored primary prevention strategies across provinces and socioeconomic and geographical regions has great potential to reduce the burden and disparities of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luyan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kailu Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of General Practice, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Sequeira L, Distinto S, Meleddu R, Gaspari M, Angeli A, Cottiglia F, Secci D, Onali A, Sanna E, Borges F, Uriarte E, Alcaro S, Supuran CT, Maccioni E. 2H-chromene and 7H-furo-chromene derivatives selectively inhibit tumour associated human carbonic anhydrase IX and XII isoforms. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2270183. [PMID: 37870190 PMCID: PMC11003494 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2270183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour associated carbonic anhydrases (CAs) IX and XII have been recognised as potential targets for the treatment of hypoxic tumours. Therefore, considering the high pharmacological potential of the chromene scaffold as selective ligand of the IX and XII isoforms, two libraries of compounds, namely 2H-chromene and 7H-furo-chromene derivatives, with diverse substitution patterns were designed and synthesised. The structure of the newly synthesised compounds was characterised and their inhibitory potency and selectivity towards human CA off target isoforms I, II and cancer-associated CA isoforms IX and XII were evaluated. Most of the compounds inhibit CA isoforms IX and XII with no activity against the I and II isozymes. Thus, while the potency was influenced by the substitution pattern along the chromene scaffold, the selectivity was conserved along the series, confirming the high potential of both 2H-chromene and 7H-furo-chromene scaffolds for the design of isozyme selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sequeira
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Simona Distinto
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Rita Meleddu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Cottiglia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Daniela Secci
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Alessia Onali
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Erica Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elias Maccioni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
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13
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Kim JH, Jun S, Kim J. Dietary intake and cancer incidence in Korean adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Epidemiol Health 2023; 45:e2023102. [PMID: 38037322 PMCID: PMC10876448 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2023102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major health burden in Korea, and dietary factors have been suggested as putative risk factors for cancer development at various sites. This study systematically reviewed the published literature investigating the associations between dietary factors and cancer incidence among Korean adults, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses guidelines. We focused on the 5 most studied cancer sites (stomach, colorectum, breast, thyroid, and cervix) as outcomes and dietary exposures with evidence levels greater than limited-suggestive according to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) panel's judgment for any of the cancer sites. This resulted in the inclusion of 72 studies. Pooled estimates of the impact of dietary factors on cancer risk suggested protective associations of fruits and vegetables with risks for gastric cancer (GC), colorectal cancer (CRC), and breast cancer (BC) and dietary vitamin C with the risk of GC, as well as a harmful association between fermented soy products and the risk of GC. Despite the limited number of studies, we observed consistent protective associations of dietary fiber with GC and dietary fiber, coffee, and calcium with CRC. These findings are largely consistent with the WCRF/AICR expert report. However, pooled estimates for the associations of other salt-preserved foods with GC, meat with CRC, and dietary carotenoids and dairy products with BC did not reach statistical significance. Further studies with prospective designs, larger sample sizes, and diverse types of dietary factors and cancer sites are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Kim
- National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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14
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Zhou JP, Wang Y, Lin YN, Sun XW, Ding YJ, Yan YR, Li N, Zhang L, Li QY. Clinical Features and Management of Lung Cancer During Pregnancy: A Narrative Review Based on Reported Cases. WOMEN'S HEALTH REPORTS (NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.) 2023; 4:544-550. [PMID: 38023372 PMCID: PMC10664570 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2023.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to provide a summary of the clinical characteristics and outcomes of lung cancer during pregnancy. A comprehensive literature search yielded 93 cases of lung cancer during pregnancy from 1953 to 2022, with an average maternal age of ∼34 years old. The initial symptoms reported were often nonspecific, such as cough, dyspnea, and chest pain. Cancer-related treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have shown beneficial effects on maternal outcomes. A majority of the newborns were born without malformation or diseases, but extended follow-up remains necessary. Early diagnosis of lung cancer is imperative for reducing the risks of placental and fetal metastasis and enhancing overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ping Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Ni Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Wen Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Jie Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Ru Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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Faust I, Warden M, Camacho-Soto A, Racette BA, Searles Nielsen S. A predictive algorithm to identify ever smoking in medical claims-based epidemiologic studies. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 85:59-67.e6. [PMID: 37142065 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and validate an algorithm to estimate probability of ever smoking using administrative claims. METHODS Using population-based samples of Medicare-aged individuals (121,278 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey respondents and 207,885 Medicare beneficiaries), we developed a logistic regression model to predict probability of ever smoking from demographic and claims data. We applied the model in 1,657,266 additional Medicare beneficiaries and calculated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) using presence or absence of a tobacco-specific diagnosis or procedure code as our "gold standard." We used these "gold standard" and lung/laryngeal cancer codes to over-ride predicted probability as 100%. We calculated Spearman's rho between probability from this full algorithm and smoking assessed in prior Parkinson disease studies, by substituting our observed and prior ("true") smoking-Parkinson disease odds ratios into the attenuation equation. RESULTS The predictive model contained 23 variables, including basic demographics, high alcohol consumption, asthma, cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors, selected cancers, and indicators of routine medical usage. The AUC was 67.6% (95% confidence interval 67.5%-67.7%) comparing smoking probability to tobacco-specific diagnosis or procedure codes. Spearman's rho for the full algorithm was 0.82. CONCLUSIONS Ever smoking might be approximated in administrative data for use as a continuous, probabilistic variable in epidemiologic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Faust
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Neurology, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO; Barrow Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, 240 W. Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ.
| | - Mark Warden
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Neurology, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO.
| | - Alejandra Camacho-Soto
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Neurology, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO; Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Neurological Rehabilitation Division, 660 S. Euclid, St. Louis, MO.
| | - Brad A Racette
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Neurology, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO; Barrow Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, 240 W. Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ; University of the Witwatersrand, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, 27 St. Andrews Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Susan Searles Nielsen
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Neurology, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO.
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16
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Hamilton W, Price S. Targeting diagnostic interventions for oesophageal cancer. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2023; 32:100716. [PMID: 37635923 PMCID: PMC10458926 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Price
- University of Exeter, College House, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
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17
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Zhang M, Hashibe M, Rao JY, Jung SY, Tashkin DP, Morgenstern H, Zhang ZF. Opium, phencyclidine, and crack cocaine smoking associations with lung and upper aerodigestive tract cancers: exploratory findings from a case-control study in Los Angeles County. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2023; 49:440-449. [PMID: 37433108 PMCID: PMC10540566 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2023.2220875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Background: Illicit drug use has become a global epidemic, yet it is unclear if drug smoking increases the risk of tobacco-related cancers.Objectives: We aimed to evaluate hypothesized associations between smoking three drugs - opium, phencyclidine (PCP) and crack cocaine and lung and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers.Methods: A population-based case-control study with 611 lung cancer cases (50% male), 601 UADT cancers cases (76% male), and 1,040 controls (60% male) was conducted in Los Angeles County (1999-2004). Epidemiologic data including drug smoking histories were collected in face-to-face interviews. Associations were estimated with logistic regressions.Results: Adjusting for potential confounders, ever vs. never crack smoking was positively associated with UADT cancers (aOR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.33), and a dose-response relationship was observed for lifetime smoking frequency (p for trend = .024). Heavy (> median) vs. never crack smoking was associated with UADT cancers (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.08) and lung cancer (aOR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.88, 2.83). A positive association was also observed between heavy PCP smoking and UADT cancers (aOR = 2.29, 95% CI: 0.91, 5.79). Little or no associations were found between opium smoking and lung cancer or UADT cancers.Conclusion: The positive associations between illicit drug use and lung and/or UADT cancers suggest that smoking these drugs may increase the risk of tobacco-related cancers. Despite the low frequency of drug smoking and possible residual confounding, our findings may provide additional insights on the development of lung and UADT cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jian-Yu Rao
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Su Yon Jung
- Translational Sciences Section, UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and UCLA School of Nursing, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Donald P Tashkin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hal Morgenstern
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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18
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Winn M, Karra P, Freisling H, Gunter MJ, Haaland B, Litchman ML, Doherty JA, Playdon MC, Hardikar S. Metabolic obesity phenotypes and obesity-related cancer risk in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2023; 6:e433. [PMID: 37277888 PMCID: PMC10335619 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Body mass index (BMI) fails to identify up to one-third of normal weight individuals with metabolic dysfunction who may be at increased risk of obesity-related cancer (ORC). Metabolic obesity phenotypes, an alternate metric to assess metabolic dysfunction with or without obesity, were evaluated for association with ORC risk. METHODS National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants from 1999 to 2018 (N = 19,500) were categorized into phenotypes according to the metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria and BMI: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy overweight/obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese (MUO). Adjusted multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations with ORC. RESULTS With metabolic dysfunction defined as ≥1 MetS criteria, ORC cases (n = 528) had higher proportions of MUNW (28.2% vs. 17.4%) and MUO (62.6% vs. 60.9%) phenotypes than cancer-free individuals (n = 18,972). Compared with MHNW participants, MUNW participants had a 2.2-times higher ORC risk [OR (95%CI) = 2.21 (1.27-3.85)]. MHO and MUO participants demonstrated a 43% and 56% increased ORC risk, respectively, compared to MHNW, but these did not reach statistical significance [OR (95% CI) = 1.43 (0.46-4.42), 1.56 (0.91-2.67), respectively]. Hyperglycaemia, hypertension and central obesity were all independently associated with higher ORC risk compared to MHNW. CONCLUSIONS MUNW participants have a higher risk of ORC than other abnormal phenotypes, compared with MHNW participants. Incorporating metabolic health measures in addition to assessing BMI may improve ORC risk stratification. Further research on the relationship between metabolic dysfunction and ORC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maci Winn
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Prasoona Karra
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Benjamin Haaland
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | | | - Jennifer A. Doherty
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Mary C. Playdon
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Sheetal Hardikar
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
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Herttua K, Thapa S, Ahrenfeldt LJ, Paljarvi T. The role of modifiable risk factors in incident cancer in transport, rescue, and security industries. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 83:71-77.e1. [PMID: 37100100 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine the risk for site-specific incident cancer across representative transport, rescue, and security industries. METHODS This Danish nationwide register-based study included all 302,789 workers from transport, rescue and security industries in 2001-2015 and 2,230,877 individuals aged 18-64 years from a total sample of the economically active population for comparison. We used Cox models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of incident cancers. We categorized site-specific cancers by using population-attributable fraction (PAF) estimates from the previous literature. RESULTS During an average follow-up of 13.4 years, 22,116 incident cancer cases were recorded in these industries. Compared with the reference population, the age-adjusted cancer incidence with a high PAF was higher among men in seafaring (HR 1.28; 95% CI 1.14-1.43), and land transport (HR 1.32; 95% CI: 1.26-1.37), and among women in seafaring (HR 1.26; 95% CI: 1.01-1.57), land transport (HR 1.21; 95% CI: 1.12-1.32), aviation (HR 1.22; 95% CI: 1.05-1.41), and police force (HR 1.21; 95% CI: 1.04-1.40). Overall, tobacco and physical inactivity were the most significant risk factors of cancer. CONCLUSIONS Regardless of considerable disparities in incident cancer attributable to modifiable risk factors across industries, the total incident cancer rate was elevated in all industries in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimmo Herttua
- Center of Maritime Health and Society, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.
| | - Subash Thapa
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt
- Unit for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Hemminki K, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Försti A, Liska V, Hemminki A, Li X. Population-Attributable Fractions of Personal Comorbidities for Liver, Gallbladder, and Bile Duct Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3092. [PMID: 37370702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aim to estimate population-attributable fractions (PAF) for 13 comorbidities potentially predisposing to hepatobiliary cancer of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gallbladder cancer (GBC), cancers of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts (ICC and ECC), and ampullary cancer. METHODS Patients were identified from the Swedish Inpatient Register from 1987 to 2018 and cancers from the Swedish Cancer Registry from 1997 through 2018. PAFs were calculated for each comorbidity-associated cancer using a cohort study design. RESULTS For male HCC, the major individual comorbidities (PAF > 10) were diabetes, alcohol-related liver disease, and hepatitis C virus infection. For female HCC, diabetes and autoimmune diseases were important contributors. For female GBC, gallstone disease was an overwhelming contributor, with a PAF of 30.57%, which was also important for men. The overall PAF for male ICC was almost two times higher than the female one. For ECC and ampullary cancer, infection of bile ducts was associated with the highest PAF. CONCLUSIONS The 13 comorbidities accounted for 50% or more of the potential etiological pathways of each hepatobiliary cancer except female ICC. The underlying convergent mechanism for these cancers may be chronic inflammation lasting for decades and thus offering possibilities for intervention and disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Hemminki
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo-shi 693-8501, Japan
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo-shi 693-8501, Japan
| | - Asta Försti
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vaclav Liska
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, School of Medicine in Pilsen, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xinjun Li
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
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Li D, Shi J, Liang D, Ren M, He Y. Lung cancer risk and exposure to air pollution: a multicenter North China case-control study involving 14604 subjects. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:182. [PMID: 37226220 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For North Chinese lung cancer patients, there is limited study on the distribution of air pollution and smoking related features based on analyses of large-scale, high-quality population datasets. The aim of the study was to fully analyze risk factors for 14604 Subjects. METHODS Participants and controls were recruited in 11 cities of North China. Participants' basic information (sex, age, marital status, occupation, height, and weight), blood type, smoking history, alcohol consumption, history of lung-related diseases and family history of cancer were collected. PM2.5 concentration data for each year in each city of the study area from 2005 to 2018 were extracted based on geocoding of each person's residential address at the time of diagnosis. Demographic variables and risk factors were compared between cases and matched controls using a univariate conditional logistic regression model. Multivariate conditional logistic regression models were applied to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for risk factors in univariate analysis. The nomogram model and the calibration curve were developed to predict lung cancer probability for the probability of lung cancer. RESULTS There was a total of 14604 subjects, comprising 7124 lung cancer cases and 7480 healthy controls included in the study. Marital status of unmarried persons, people with a history of lung-related disease, corporate personnel and production /service personnel were protective factors for lung cancer. People younger than 50 years old, people who were smoking and quit smoking, people who had been drinking consistently, people with family history of cancer and PM2.5 exposure were proven to be a risk factor for lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer varied with sex, smoking status and air pollution. Consistent alcohol consumption, persistent smoking and smoking quit were risk factors for lung cancer in men. By smoking status, male was risk factor for lung cancer in never smokers. Consistent alcohol consumption added risk for lung cancer in never smokers. The combined effects of PM2.5 pollution exposure and ever smoking aggravated the incidence of lung cancer. According to air pollution, lung cancer risk factors are completely different in lightly and heavily polluted areas. In lightly polluted areas, a history of lung-related disease was a risk factor for lung cancer. In heavily polluted areas, male, consistent alcohol consumption, a family history of cancer, ever smokers and smoking quit were all risk factors for lung cancer. A nomogram was plotted and the results showed that PM2.5 was the main factor affecting the occurrence of lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS The large-scale accurate analysis of multiple risk factors in different air quality environments and various populations, provide clear directions and guidance for lung cancer prevention and precise treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daojuan Li
- Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Changan district, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jin Shi
- Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Changan district, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Di Liang
- Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Changan district, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Meng Ren
- Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Changan district, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yutong He
- Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Changan district, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China.
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Nakaganda A, Mbarusha I, Spencer A, Patterson L, Gemmell I, Jones A, Verma A. Prevalence, trends and distribution of lifestyle cancer risk factors in Uganda: a 20-year systematic review. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:311. [PMID: 37020195 PMCID: PMC10077672 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is becoming an important public health problem in Uganda. Cancer control requires surveillance of lifestyle risk factors to inform targeted interventions. However, only one national Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) risk factor survey has been conducted in Uganda. This review assessed the prevalence, trends and distribution of lifestyle risk factors in Uganda. METHODS The review identified studies up to January 2019 by searching Medline, Embase, CINAL and Cochrane databases. Further literature was identified from relevant websites and journals; scanning reference lists of relevant articles; and citation searching using Google Scholar. To be eligible, studies had to have been conducted in Uganda, and report prevalence estimates for at least one lifestyle cancer risk factor. Narrative and systematic synthesis was used to analyse the data. RESULTS Twenty-four studies were included in the review. Overall, unhealthy diet (88%) was the most prevalent lifestyle risk factor for both males and females. This was followed by harmful use of alcohol (range of 14.3% to 26%) for men, and being overweight (range of 9% to 24%) for women. Tobacco use (range of 0.8% to 10.1%) and physical inactivity (range of 3.7% to 4.9%) were shown to be relatively less prevalent in Uganda. Tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol were more common in males and more prevalent in Northern region, while being overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2) and physical inactivity were more common in females and more prevalent in Central region. Tobacco use was more prevalent among the rural populations compared to urban, while physical inactivity and being overweight were more common in urban than in rural settings. Tobacco use has decreased overtime, while being overweight increased in all regions and for both sexes. CONCLUSION There is limited data about lifestyle risk factors in Uganda. Apart from tobacco use, other lifestyle risk factors seem to be increasing and there is variation in the prevalence of lifestyle risk factors among the different populations in Uganda. Prevention of lifestyle cancer risk factors requires targeted interventions and a multi-sectoral approach. Most importantly, improving the availability, measurement and comparability of cancer risk factor data should be a top priority for future research in Uganda and other low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annet Nakaganda
- Cancer Epidemiology and Clinical Trials Unit, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda.
- Department of Public Health and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Immaculate Mbarusha
- Cancer Epidemiology and Clinical Trials Unit, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Angela Spencer
- Department of Public Health and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lesley Patterson
- Department of Public Health and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Isla Gemmell
- Department of Public Health and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Jones
- Department of Public Health and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Arpana Verma
- Department of Public Health and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Wu W, Wang J, Liao XZ, Xu K, Zou Y, Shi Z, Hu Y, Xiao H, Li C, Cao S, Wang S, Guo J, Luo Z, Liu M, Xu M, Jin D, Chen M, Fu Z, Yan S. Projection of Premature Cancer Mortality in Hunan, China, Through 2030: Modeling Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e43967. [PMID: 36877566 PMCID: PMC10028508 DOI: 10.2196/43967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 include reducing premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases by one-third. Although previous modeling studies have predicted premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases, the predictions for cancer and its subcategories are less well understood in China. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to project premature cancer mortality of 10 leading cancers in Hunan Province, China, based on various scenarios of risk factor control so as to establish the priority for future interventions. METHODS We used data collected between 2009 and 2017 from the Hunan cancer registry annual report as empirical data for projections. The population-attributable fraction was used to disaggregate cancer deaths into parts attributable and unattributable to 10 risk factors: smoking, alcohol use, high BMI, diabetes, physical inactivity, low vegetable and fruit intake, high red meat intake, high salt intake, and high ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) levels. The unattributable deaths and the risk factors in the baseline scenario were projected using the proportional change model, assuming constant annual change rates through 2030. The comparative risk assessment theory was used in simulated scenarios to reflect how premature mortality would be affected if the targets for risk factor control were achieved by 2030. RESULTS The cancer burden in Hunan significantly increased during 2009-2017. If current trends for each risk factor continued to 2030, the total premature deaths from cancers in 2030 would increase to 97,787 in Hunan Province, and the premature mortality (9.74%) would be 44.47% higher than that in 2013 (6.74%). In the combined scenario where all risk factor control targets were achieved, 14.41% of premature cancer mortality among those aged 30-70 years would be avoided compared with the business-as-usual scenario in 2030. Reductions in the prevalence of diabetes, high BMI, ambient PM2.5 levels, and insufficient fruit intake played relatively important roles in decreasing cancer premature mortality. However, the one-third reduction goal would not be achieved for most cancers except gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS Existing targets on cancer-related risk factors may have important roles in cancer prevention and control. However, they are not sufficient to achieve the one-third reduction goal in premature cancer mortality in Hunan Province. More aggressive risk control targets should be adopted based on local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiong Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xian-Zhen Liao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Kekui Xu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhua Zou
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaohui Shi
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yingyun Hu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Haifan Xiao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Can Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Shiyu Cao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhicheng Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Mengyao Xu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Donghui Jin
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Mengshi Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongxi Fu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Shipeng Yan
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
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Galindo Torres BP, García Girón C, Alcaraz Ortega R, Saiz López P, Adiego Leza MI, Grijalba Uche MV. Knowledge and expectations about miRNAs as biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell cancers. Am J Otolaryngol 2023; 44:103771. [PMID: 36603378 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell cancer patients suffer from a high postoperative recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Thus, it is essential to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms and identify the role of new biomarkers. Recent research has shown that the dysregulation of microRNAs is a potential biomarker as a screening or prognostic tool. Moreover, the literature reveals its promising usefulness to select the best treatment strategy and monitor tumour response. The purpose of this review is to identify and synthesize the available literature on microRNAs as biomarkers that could help manage patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer. A search in scientific databases was completed, including all relevant articles related to circulating microRNAs in head and neck squamous cell cancer published in English or Spanish. We focused on articles whose main findings were related to their usefulness in diagnosis and prognosis. Conclusion: Knowledge of microRNAs opens the possibilities that these molecules offer in terms of monitoring cancer disease in a less-invasive, simple manner, allowing for serial sampling to assess the response to treatment and minimal residual disease. It is yet to be determined whether liquid biopsy will replace the traditional biopsy in the future but it represents a change in the paradigm of management of head and neck squamous cell cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Patricia Saiz López
- Pathological Anatomy Department, Universitary Hospital of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
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25
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Contributions of cancer treatment, comorbidities, and obesity to aging-related disease risks among non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. Cancer Causes Control 2023; 34:171-180. [PMID: 36414860 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01652-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is unknown whether cancer treatment contributes more to long-term disease risk than lifestyle factors and comorbidities among B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) survivors. METHODS B-NHL survivors were identified in the Utah Cancer Registry from 1997 to 2015. Population attributable fractions (PAF) were calculated to assess the role of clinical and lifestyle factors for six cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal diseases. RESULTS Cancer treatment contributed to 11% of heart and pulmonary conditions and 14.1% of chronic kidney disease. Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) at baseline contributed to all six diseases with a range of 9.9% of heart disease to 26.5% of chronic kidney disease. High BMI at baseline contributed to 18.4% of congestive heart failure and 7.9% of pneumonia, while smoking contributed to 4.8% of COPD risk. CONCLUSION Cancer treatment contributed more to heart disease, COPD, and chronic kidney disease than lifestyle factors and comorbidities among B-NHL survivors. High BMI at baseline contributed more to congestive heart failure and pneumonia than cancer treatment, whereas smoking at baseline was not a major contributor in this B-NHL survivor cohort. Baseline comorbidities consistently demonstrated high attributable risks for these diseases, demonstrating a strong association between preexisting comorbidities and aging-related disease risks.
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26
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Winn M, Karra P, Haaland B, Doherty JA, Summers SA, Litchman ML, Gunter MJ, Playdon MC, Hardikar S. Metabolic dysfunction and obesity-related cancer: Results from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Cancer Med 2023; 12:606-618. [PMID: 35719035 PMCID: PMC9844618 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a group of risk factors that define metabolic dysfunction in adults, is strongly associated with obesity and is an emerging risk factor for cancer. However, the association of MetS and degree of metabolic dysfunction with obesity-related cancer is unknown. METHODS Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 1999 to 2018, we identified 528 obesity-related cancer cases and 18,972 cancer-free participants. MetS was defined as the presence of or treatment for ≥3 of hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, and abdominal obesity. A metabolic syndrome score (MSS) was computed as the total number of abnormal MetS parameters to determine the severity of metabolic dysfunction. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS About 45.7% of obesity-related cancer cases were classified as having MetS compared with only 33.0% of cancer-free participants. Overall, MetS and MSS were not associated with obesity-related cancer. However, MSS was associated with higher obesity-related cancer risk among participants under 50 years of age (OR [95% CI] = 1.28 [1.08-1.52]). When evaluating MSS categorically, compared with healthy participants with no abnormal MetS parameters (MSS = 0), participants with one or two abnormal parameters had a statistically significant higher risk of obesity-related cancer (OR [95% CI] = 1.73 [1.06-2.83]). CONCLUSIONS Metabolic dysfunction is associated with a higher risk of obesity-related cancer, particularly in young adults under 50 years of age, and among participants with one or two abnormal metabolic parameters. A more accurate indicator of metabolic dysfunction, beyond metabolic syndrome, is needed to better assist in stratifying individuals for obesity-related cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maci Winn
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Prasoona Karra
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Benjamin Haaland
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Jennifer A. Doherty
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Scott A. Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | | | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Mary C. Playdon
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Sheetal Hardikar
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
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Mohsin NUA, Aslam S, Ahmad M, Irfan M, Al-Hussain SA, Zaki MEA. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as a Target of Anticancer Agents: A Review of Novel Synthesized Scaffolds Having Anticancer and COX-2 Inhibitory Potentialities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121471. [PMID: 36558921 PMCID: PMC9783503 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a serious threat to human beings and is the second-largest cause of death all over the globe. Chemotherapy is one of the most common treatments for cancer; however, drug resistance and severe adverse effects are major problems associated with anticancer therapy. New compounds with multi-target inhibitory properties are targeted to surmount these challenges. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is overexpressed in cancers of the pancreas, breast, colorectal, stomach, and lung carcinoma. Therefore, COX-2 is considered a significant target for the synthesis of new anticancer agents. This review discusses the biological activity of recently prepared dual anticancer and COX-2 inhibitory agents. The most important intermolecular interactions with the COX-2 enzyme have also been presented. Analysis of these agents in the active area of the COX-2 enzyme could guide the introduction of new lead compounds with extreme selectivity and minor side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor ul Amin Mohsin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sana Aslam
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Matloob Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (M.E.A.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sami A. Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi E. A. Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (M.E.A.Z.)
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The Awareness of Healthy Individuals about Attributable Risk Factors of Cancer. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.1091746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose: This study aimed to determine the awareness of healthy individuals about the attributable risk factors of cancer and the reliability of their ideas.
Methods: A review of relevant literature was undertaken to assemble a list of possible causes of cancer. Seventy-six healthy individuals were interviewed. Individuals were asked to declare their opinion by scoring the potential 15 cancer risk factors between 0-4. One week later, the opinions were retaken to test reliability.
Results: According to the participants, smoking (94.8%) and mobile phone use (79%) had perfect consensus; being overweight (63.1%) and having a family history of cancer (92.1%) had substantial consensus; alcohol (90.8%), stress (93.5%), sunlight exposure (69.77%), plastic (84.2%), infection (57.9%), occupational exposure (67.1%), fatigue (54%), nuclear accident (96%) had moderate consensus. Air pollution (86.8%) and washing agents (77.7%) had fair consensus. Age (34.2%) was not a risk factor for cancer. All risk factors were reliable between the two assessments except age (p
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Seyyedsalehi MS, Collatuzzo G, Huybrechts I, Hadji M, Rashidian H, Safari-Faramani R, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Kamangar F, Etemadi A, Pukkala E, Gunter MJ, Chajes V, Boffetta P, Zendehdel K. Association between dietary fat intake and colorectal cancer: A multicenter case-control study in Iran. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1017720. [PMID: 36466398 PMCID: PMC9709886 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1017720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolving trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) as one of the most common malignancies worldwide, have likely been influenced by the implementation of screening programs and changes in lifestyle habits. Changing lifestyle, including the shift in diet composition with higher fat, sugar, and animal-source foods intake, led to an increasing burden of CRC in countries undergoing rapid socioeconomic improvement. Results for the link between specific fatty acids (FAs) and CRC are generally inconclusive and more limited in developing countries than elsewhere. This study aims to investigate the association between FA intakes and CRC and its anatomical subsites in a large Iranian case-control study. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on dietary intake in 865 cases and 3206 controls. We conducted multivariate logistic regression models to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We found positive association between CRC and high intake of dietary total fat (OR highest quartile Q4 = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.32-2.38), cholesterol (ORQ4 = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.22-2.05), and palmitoleic acid (ORQ4 = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.19, 3.91), and an inverse association with high intake of dietary heptanoic acid (ORQ4 = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.79) and low intake of palmitic acid (OR lowest quartile Q2 = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.31-0.88). None of the fat variables were associated with rectal cancer. Our study suggests that the recommendation of limited consumption of fats may decrease the risk of CRC among the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Maryam Hadji
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hamideh Rashidian
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Safari-Faramani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah Medical Sciences University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Alizadeh-Navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Registry - Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Matrone A. Risk factors in thyroid cancer: is the obesity pandemic an important factor? Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022; 17:463-466. [PMID: 36345844 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2144832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Matrone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Operative Unit of Endocrinology, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
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Stasiewicz M, Karpiński TM. The oral microbiota and its role in carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:633-642. [PMID: 34743032 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, cancer continues to be a major global health concern. In recent years, the role played by microorganisms in the development and progression of cancer has come under increased scrutiny. The aim of the present review is to highlight the main associations between members of the human oral microbiota and various cancers. The PubMed database was searched for available literature to outline the current state of understanding regarding the role of the oral microbiota and a variety of human cancers. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with carriage of a number of oral bacteria (e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus sp.), certain viruses (e.g., human papilloma virus, human herpes virus 8, herpes simplex virus 1 and Epstein-Barr virus) and yeast (Candida albicans). Moreover, members of the oral microbiota are associated with cancers of the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, colon/rectum and lung. Furthermore, the present review outlines a number of the carcinogenic mechanisms underlying the presented microbial associations with cancer. Such information may one day help clinicians to diagnose neoplastic diseases at earlier stages and prescribe treatments that take into account the possible microbial nature of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Stasiewicz
- Research Group of Medical Microbiology, Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Tomasz M Karpiński
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear which psychological factors (stressors, emotional correlates, and psychophysiological markers) induce cancer risk. This currently limits the potential for prevention strategies. PURPOSE The aim of this review is to bring forth evidence of stress as a determinant of cancer risk from a public health perspective, written for a broad public of practitioners and scientists. METHODS Based on a semisystematic literature search, the impact of different aspects/types of stress and the potential physiological and behavioral pathways are summarized, while highlighting further research, public health and clinical implications. RESULTS Between 2007 and 2020, 65 case-control or cohort studies have been identified. Apart from overall cancer ( N = 24), 12 cancer types have been associated with psychological stress with most for breast ( N = 21), colorectal ( N = 11) and lung/prostate/pancreas cancer ( N = 8 each). Although the evidence regarding the mechanisms is still scarce, cancer development in relation to stress might be due to interacting and combined effects of different stress(or) types, but such interaction has not really been tested yet. The path from stress towards cancer incidence consists of a biological pathway with endocrinology and immunology as well as stress-induced behavioral pathways, including smoking, alcoholism, sleep disruption, an unhealthy diet, and low physical activity together with the related phenomenon of obesity. CONCLUSION Not only the stress but also the stress-induced lifestyle should be targeted for cancer prevention and treatment. Future research should include a more diverse spectrum of cancer types (not only hormonal related like breast cancer) and of stress measures while also considering behavioral covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananyaa Mohan
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, Lyon, France and Departments of
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Public Health and Primary Care
- Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Diez de los Rios de la Serna C, Fernández-Ortega P, Lluch-Canut T. Lifestyle Behavior Interventions for Preventing Cancer in Adults with Inherited Cancer Syndromes: Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14098. [PMID: 36360977 PMCID: PMC9655661 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The link between lifestyle behaviors and cancer risk is well established, which is important for people with personal/family history or genetic susceptibility. Genetic testing is not sufficient motivation to prompt healthier lifestyle behaviors. This systematic review aims to describe and assess interventions for promoting healthy behaviors in people at high risk of cancer. (2) Methods: The review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines using search terms related to hereditary cancer and health education to identify studies indexed in: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Joanna Briggs, and published from January 2010 to July 2022. (3) Results: The search yielded 1558 initial records; four randomized controlled trials were eligible. Three included patients with and without a personal history of cancer who were at increased risk of cancer due to inherited cancer syndromes, and one included people undergoing genetic testing due to family history. Interventions targeted diet, physical activity, and alcohol. (4) Conclusions: There is a paucity of research on interventions for promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors in people with a high risk of cancer. Interventions produced positive short-term results, but there was no evidence that behavioral modifications were sustained over time. All healthcare professionals can actively promote healthy behaviors that may prevent cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paz Fernández-Ortega
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona (UB), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO) Barcelona, Bellvitge, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Lluch-Canut
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona (UB), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
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Rosario SR, Smith RJ, Patnaik SK, Liu S, Barbi J, Yendamuri S. Altered acetyl-CoA metabolism presents a new potential immunotherapy target in the obese lung microenvironment. Cancer Metab 2022; 10:17. [PMID: 36289552 PMCID: PMC9598035 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-022-00292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Contrary to the "obesity paradox," which arises from retrospective studies relying on body mass index to define obesity, epidemiologic evidence suggests central or visceral obesity is associated with a higher risk for the development of lung cancer. About 60% of individuals at high risk for developing lung cancer or those already with early-stage disease are either overweight or obese. Findings from resected patient tumors and mouse lung tumor models show obesity dampens immune activity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) encouraging disease progression. In line with this, we have observed a marked, obesity-specific enhancement in the presence and phenotype of immunosuppressive regulatory T (Treg) cells in murine tumors as well as the airways of both humans and mice. Leveraging direct metabolomic measurements and robust inferred analyses from RNA-sequencing data, we here demonstrate for the first time that visceral adiposity alters the lung microenvironment via dysregulated acetyl-CoA metabolism in a direction that facilitates immune suppression and lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer R. Rosario
- grid.240614.50000 0001 2181 8635Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA ,grid.240614.50000 0001 2181 8635Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Randall J. Smith
- grid.240614.50000 0001 2181 8635Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Santosh K. Patnaik
- grid.240614.50000 0001 2181 8635Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Song Liu
- grid.240614.50000 0001 2181 8635Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Joseph Barbi
- grid.240614.50000 0001 2181 8635Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA ,grid.240614.50000 0001 2181 8635Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Sai Yendamuri
- grid.240614.50000 0001 2181 8635Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
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Shen Y, Huang Q, Ji M, Hsueh CY, Zhou L. Smoking-mediated nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) for predicting outcomes for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1093. [PMID: 36284268 PMCID: PMC9594873 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a human tumor disease, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with a high mortality rate worldwide. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are transmembrane receptor proteins and exert their biological effects following activation by nicotine. We aimed to construct a prognostic signature based on the expression of nAChRs among smokers with HNSCC. Methods The transcriptome profile of nAChRs was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Following the integration of survival information, univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses were performed to screen the prognosis-related nAChRs and construct a prognostic signature. Kaplan–Meier (KM), receiver operating characteristic (ROC), principal component analysis (PCA), and independent prognostic analysis were utilized to verify the predictive power of the nAChR-associated prognostic signature. The expression of α5 nAChR in clinical samples was verified by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Results Subunits α2, α5, α9, and β4 were related to the prognosis. The prognostic signature comprised the expression of subunits α5, α9, and β4. The nAChR-associated signature showed high sensitivity and specificity for prognostic prediction and was an independent factor for overall survival. Based on the clinical variables and expression of nAChRs, a nomogram was constructed for predicting the outcomes of HNSCC patients who were smokers in the clinical settings. In clinical specimens, α5 nAChR showed high expression in HNSCC tissues, especially among smokers. Conclusions The nAChR-associated signature constructed in this study may provide a better system for the classification of HNSCC patients and facilitate personalized treatment according to their smoking habits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10161-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyou Ji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi-Yao Hsueh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Nees J, Kiermeier S, Struewe F, Keymling M, Maatouk I, Kratz CP, Schott S. Health Behavior and Cancer Prevention among Adults with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome and Relatives in Germany-A Cohort Description. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:7768-7778. [PMID: 36290891 PMCID: PMC9600238 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Li-Fraumeni-syndrome (LFS) is a rare, highly penetrant cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS) caused by pathogenic variants (PVs) in TP53. Physical activity (PA) and a Mediterranean diet lead to cancer reduction or survival benefits and increased quality of life (QoL), but this is yet unstudied among LFS. TP53 PV carriers (PVC) and their relatives were questioned on dietary patterns (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener), PA (Freiburg Questionnaire), QoL (Short-form-Health-Survey-12), smoking, alcohol consumption and perception of cancer risk in a German bi-centric study from March 2020-June 2021. The study enrolled 70 PVC and 43 relatives. Women compared to men (6.49 vs. 5.38, p = 0.005) and PVC to relatives (6.59 vs. 5.51; p = 0.006) showed a healthier diet, associated with participation in surveillance (p = 0.04) and education (diet p = 0.02 smoking p = 0.0003). Women smoked less (2.91 vs. 5.91 packyears; p = 0.03), psychological well-being was higher among men (SF-12: males 48.06 vs. females 41.94; p = 0.004). PVC rated their own cancer risk statistically higher than relatives (72% vs. 38%, p < 0.001) however, cancer risk of the general population was rated lower (38% vs. 70%, p < 0.001). A relative's cancer-related death increased the estimated personal cancer risk (p = 0.01). The possibilities of reducing cancer through self-determined health behavior among PVC and relatives has not yet been exhausted. Educating families with a CPS on cancer-preventive behavior requires further investigation with regard to acceptance and real-life implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Nees
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Senta Kiermeier
- Section of Psychosomatic Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Julius-Maximilian University Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Farina Struewe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Myriam Keymling
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Radiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Imad Maatouk
- Section of Psychosomatic Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Julius-Maximilian University Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian P. Kratz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Sarah Schott
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221567906
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Ke TM, Lophatananon A, Muir KR. Risk Factors Associated with Pancreatic Cancer in the UK Biobank Cohort. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14204991. [PMID: 36291775 PMCID: PMC9599736 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14204991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence on pancreatic cancer (PaCa) risk factors from large population-based cohort studies is limited. This study investigated the PaCa risk factors and the population attributable fraction (PAF) of modifiable risk factors in the UK Biobank cohort. The UK Biobank is a prospective cohort consisting of 502,413 participants with a mean follow-up time of 8.2 years. A binomial generalized linear regression model was used to calculate relative risks for PaCa risk factors. PAF was calculated to estimate the proportional reduction in PaCa if modifiable risk factors were to be eliminated. A total of 728 (0.14%) PaCa incident cases and 412,922 (82.19%) non-PaCa controls were analyzed. The non-modifiable risk factors included age and gender. The modifiable risk factors were cigarette smoking, overweight and obesity, increased waist circumstance, abdominal obesity, Diabetic Mellitus (DM), and pancreatitis history. The PAF suggested that eliminating smoking and obesity can contribute around a 16% reduction in PaCa cases while avoiding abdominal obesity can eliminate PaCa cases by 22%. Preventing pancreatitis and DM could potentially reduce PaCa cases by 1% and 6%, respectively. This study has identified modifiable and non-modifiable PaCa risk factors in the UK population. The PAF of modifiable risk factors can be applied to inform PaCa prevention programs.
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Sajeev A, Hegde M, Daimary UD, Kumar A, Girisa S, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Modulation of diverse oncogenic signaling pathways by oroxylin A: An important strategy for both cancer prevention and treatment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154369. [PMID: 35985182 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regardless of major advances in diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies, cancer is still a foreboding cause due to factors like chemoresistance, radioresistance, adverse side effects and cancer recurrence. Therefore, continuous development of unconventional approaches is a prerequisite to overcome foregoing glitches. Natural products have found their way into treatment of serious health conditions, including cancer since ancient times. The compound oroxylin A (OA) is one among those with enormous potential against different malignancies. It is a flavonoid obtained from the several plants such as Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis and S. lateriflora, Anchietea pyrifolia, and Aster himalaicus. PURPOSE The main purpose of this study is to comprehensively elucidate the anticancerous effects of OA against various malignancies and unravel their chemosensitization and radiosensitization potential. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of OA have also been investigated. METHOD The literature on antineoplastic effects of OA was searched in PubMed and Scopus, including in vitro and in vivo studies and is summarized based on a systematic review protocol prepared according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The term "oroxylin A" was used in combination with "cancer" and all the title, abstracts and keywords appeared were considered. RESULTS In Scopus, a total of 157 articles appeared out of which 103 articles that did not meet the eligibility criteria were eliminated and 54 were critically evaluated. In PubMed, from the 85 results obtained, 26 articles were eliminated and 59 were included in the preparation of this review. Mounting number of studies have illustrated the anticancer effects of OA, and its mechanism of action. CONCLUSION OA is a promising natural flavonoid possessing wide range of pleiotropic properties and is a potential anticancer agent. It has a great potential in the treatment of multiple cancers including brain, breast, cervical, colon, esophageal, gall bladder, gastric, hematological, liver, lung, oral, ovarian, pancreatic and skin. However, lack of pharmacokinetic studies, toxicity assessments, and dose standardization studies and adverse effects limit the optimization of this compound as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Herttua K, Paljarvi T, Ahrenfeldt LJ. Modifiable risk factors and cancer mortality in transport, rescue, and security industries. Ann Epidemiol 2022; 75:32-38. [PMID: 36075496 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the risk of mortality from cancers attributable to modifiable risk factors across representative transport, rescue, and security industries. METHODS We used nationwide Danish registries to identify all 307,605 workers from these industries from 2001 through 2015 and 2,278,363 other economically active individuals aged 18-64 years at the baseline for comparison. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for site-specific cancer deaths were calculated using Cox regression. Site-specific cancers were categorized by using population-attributable fraction (PAF) estimates derived from the previous literature. RESULTS During an average follow-up of 12.8 years, 5977 cancer deaths were registered in these industries. Cancer mortality with a high proportion of avoidable deaths (i.e., high PAF) was elevated in male seafarers (1.37; 1.16-1.62), in men of land transport (1.44; 1.35-1.52), in women of land transport (1.51; 1.29-1.77), and in women of defense forces (1.43; 1.13-1.81). In contrast, cancer mortality with a high PAF was reduced in men of police force (0.63; 0.51-0.78). The total cancer mortality was higher in seafarers (1.24; 1.12-1.37), workers in land transport (1.31; 1.27-1.36), and workers in defense forces (1.14; 1.07-1.22). CONCLUSIONS We observed considerable cancer mortality disparities associated with modifiable risk factors across transport, rescue, and security industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimmo Herttua
- Center of Maritime Health and Society, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.
| | - Tapio Paljarvi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Linda J Ahrenfeldt
- Unit for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Tran KB, Lang JJ, Compton K, Xu R, Acheson AR, Henrikson HJ, Kocarnik JM, Penberthy L, Aali A, Abbas Q, Abbasi B, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbasi-Kangevari Z, Abbastabar H, Abdelmasseh M, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdelwahab AA, Abdoli G, Abdulkadir HA, Abedi A, Abegaz KH, Abidi H, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Absalan A, Abtew YD, Abubaker Ali H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Achappa B, Acuna JM, Addison D, Addo IY, Adegboye OA, Adesina MA, Adnan M, Adnani QES, Advani SM, Afrin S, Afzal MS, Aggarwal M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad AR, Ahmad R, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ahmadi S, Ahmed H, Ahmed LA, Ahmed MB, Ahmed Rashid T, Aiman W, Ajami M, Akalu GT, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M, Aklilu A, Akonde M, Akunna CJ, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Alessy SA, Algammal AM, Al-Hanawi MK, Alhassan RK, Ali BA, Ali L, Ali SS, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Al-Maweri SAA, Almustanyir S, Alonso N, Alqalyoobi S, Al-Raddadi RM, Al-Rifai RHH, Al-Sabah SK, Al-Tammemi AB, Altawalah H, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare F, Ameyaw EK, Aminian Dehkordi JJ, Amirzade-Iranaq MH, Amu H, Amusa GA, Ancuceanu R, Anderson JA, Animut YA, Anoushiravani A, Anoushirvani AA, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Ansha MG, Antony B, Antwi MH, Anwar SL, Anwer R, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aremu O, Argaw AM, Ariffin H, Aripov T, Arshad M, Artaman A, Arulappan J, Aruleba RT, Aryannejad A, Asaad M, Asemahagn MA, Asemi Z, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Assadi R, Athar M, Athari SS, Atout MMW, Attia S, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Avila-Burgos L, Awedew AF, Awoke MA, Awoke T, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayana TM, Ayen SS, Azadi D, Azadnajafabad S, Azami-Aghdash S, Azanaw MM, Azangou-Khyavy M, Azari Jafari A, Azizi H, Azzam AYY, Babajani A, Badar M, Badiye AD, Baghcheghi N, Bagheri N, Bagherieh S, Bahadory S, Baig AA, Baker JL, Bakhtiari A, Bakshi RK, Banach M, Banerjee I, Bardhan M, Barone-Adesi F, Barra F, Barrow A, Bashir NZ, Bashiri A, Basu S, Batiha AMM, Begum A, Bekele AB, Belay AS, Belete MA, Belgaumi UI, Bell AW, Belo L, Benzian H, Berhie AY, Bermudez ANC, Bernabe E, Bhagavathula AS, Bhala N, Bhandari BB, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bhuyan SS, Bibi S, Bilchut AH, Bintoro BS, Biondi A, Birega MGB, Birhan HE, Bjørge T, Blyuss O, Bodicha BBA, Bolla SR, Boloor A, Bosetti C, Braithwaite D, Brauer M, Brenner H, Briko AN, Briko NI, Buchanan CM, Bulamu NB, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt MH, Butt NS, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cámera LA, Cao C, Cao Y, Carreras G, Carvalho M, Cembranel F, Cerin E, Chakraborty PA, Charalampous P, Chattu VK, Chimed-Ochir O, Chirinos-Caceres JL, Cho DY, Cho WCS, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Chukwu IS, Cohen AJ, Conde J, Cortés S, Costa VM, Cruz-Martins N, Culbreth GT, Dadras O, Dagnaw FT, Dahlawi SMA, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Daneshpajouhnejad P, Danielewicz A, Dao ATM, Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani R, Darwesh AM, Das S, Davitoiu DV, Davtalab Esmaeili E, De la Hoz FP, Debela SA, Dehghan A, Demisse B, Demisse FW, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Derakhshani A, Derbew Molla M, Dereje D, Deribe KS, Desai R, Desalegn MD, Dessalegn FN, Dessalegni SAA, Dessie G, Desta AA, Dewan SMR, Dharmaratne SD, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Diao N, Diaz D, Digesa LE, Dixit SG, Doaei S, Doan LP, Doku PN, Dongarwar D, dos Santos WM, Driscoll TR, Dsouza HL, Durojaiye OC, Edalati S, Eghbalian F, Ehsani-Chimeh E, Eini E, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, Ekwueme DU, El Tantawi M, Elbahnasawy MA, Elbarazi I, Elghazaly H, Elhadi M, El-Huneidi W, Emamian MH, Engelbert Bain L, Enyew DB, Erkhembayar R, Eshetu T, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Espinosa-Montero J, Etaee F, Etemadimanesh A, Eyayu T, Ezeonwumelu IJ, Ezzikouri S, Fagbamigbe AF, Fahimi S, Fakhradiyev IR, Faraon EJA, Fares J, Farmany A, Farooque U, Farrokhpour H, Fasanmi AO, Fatehizadeh A, Fatima W, Fattahi H, Fekadu G, Feleke BE, Ferrari AA, Ferrero S, Ferro Desideri L, Filip I, Fischer F, Foroumadi R, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gadanya MA, Gaipov A, Galehdar N, Gallus S, Garg T, Gaspar Fonseca M, Gebremariam YH, Gebremeskel TG, Gebremichael MA, Geda YF, Gela YY, Gemeda BNB, Getachew M, Getachew ME, Ghaffari K, Ghafourifard M, Ghamari SH, Ghasemi Nour M, Ghassemi F, Ghimire A, Ghith N, Gholamalizadeh M, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Ghozy S, Gilani SA, Gill PS, Ginindza TG, Gizaw ATT, Glasbey JC, Godos J, Goel A, Golechha M, Goleij P, Golinelli D, Golitaleb M, Gorini G, Goulart BNG, Grosso G, Guadie HA, Gubari MIM, Gudayu TW, Guerra MR, Gunawardane DA, Gupta B, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gurara MK, Guta A, Habibzadeh P, Haddadi Avval A, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hajj Ali A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halboub ES, Halimi A, Halwani R, Hamadeh RR, Hameed S, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Hariri S, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Hartono RK, Hasaballah AI, Hasan SMM, Hasani H, Hashemi SM, Hassan AM, Hassanipour S, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari M, Heidarymeybodi Z, Herrera-Serna BY, Herteliu C, Hezam K, Hiraike Y, Hlongwa MM, Holla R, Holm M, Horita N, Hoseini M, Hossain MM, Hossain MBH, Hosseini MS, Hosseinzadeh A, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Huang J, Hugo FN, Humayun A, Hussain S, Hussein NR, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Iftikhar PM, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Immurana M, Innos K, Iranpour P, Irham LM, Islam MS, Islam RM, Islami F, Ismail NE, Isola G, Iwagami M, J LM, Jaiswal A, Jakovljevic M, Jalili M, Jalilian S, Jamshidi E, Jang SI, Jani CT, Javaheri T, Jayarajah UU, Jayaram S, Jazayeri SB, Jebai R, Jemal B, Jeong W, Jha RP, Jindal HA, John-Akinola YO, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kacimi SEO, Kadashetti V, Kahe F, Kakodkar PV, Kalankesh LR, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamal VK, Kamangar F, Kamath A, Kanchan T, Kandaswamy E, Kandel H, Kang H, Kanno GG, Kapoor N, Kar SS, Karanth SD, Karaye IM, Karch A, Karimi A, Kassa BG, Katoto PDMC, Kauppila JH, Kaur H, Kebede AG, Keikavoosi-Arani L, Kejela GG, Kemp Bohan PM, Keramati M, Keykhaei M, Khajuria H, Khan A, Khan AAK, Khan EA, Khan G, Khan MN, Khan MAB, Khanali J, Khatab K, Khatatbeh MM, Khatib MN, Khayamzadeh M, Khayat Kashani HR, Khazeei Tabari MA, Khezeli M, Khodadost M, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Klugar M, Klugarová J, Kolahi AA, Kolkhir P, Kompani F, Koul PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Krishnamoorthy Y, Kucuk Bicer B, Kugbey N, Kulimbet M, Kumar A, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Kuttikkattu A, La Vecchia C, Lahiri A, Lal DK, Lám J, Lan Q, Landires I, Larijani B, Lasrado S, Lau J, Lauriola P, Ledda C, Lee SW, Lee SWH, Lee WC, Lee YY, Lee YH, Legesse SM, Leigh J, Leong E, Li MC, Lim SS, Liu G, Liu J, Lo CH, Lohiya A, Lopukhov PD, Lorenzovici L, Lotfi M, Loureiro JA, Lunevicius R, Madadizadeh F, Mafi AR, Magdeldin S, Mahjoub S, Mahmoodpoor A, Mahmoudi M, Mahmoudimanesh M, Mahumud RA, Majeed A, Majidpoor J, Makki A, Makris KC, Malakan Rad E, Malekpour MR, Malekzadeh R, Malik AA, Mallhi TH, Mallya SD, Mamun MA, Manda AL, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Martini S, Martorell M, Masoudi S, Masoumi SZ, Matei CN, Mathews E, Mathur MR, Mathur V, McKee M, Meena JK, Mehmood K, Mehrabi Nasab E, Mehrotra R, Melese A, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha SID, Mensah LG, Mentis AFA, Mera-Mamián AYM, Meretoja TJ, Merid MW, Mersha AG, Meselu BT, Meshkat M, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Mijena GFW, Miller TR, Mir SA, Mirinezhad SK, Mirmoeeni S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR, Misganaw AS, Misra S, Mohammad KA, Mohammadi E, Mohammadi M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed A, Mohammed S, Mohan S, Mohseni M, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Molassiotis A, Molokhia M, Momenzadeh K, Momtazmanesh S, Monasta L, Mons U, Montasir AA, Montazeri F, Montero A, Moosavi MA, Moradi A, Moradi Y, Moradi Sarabi M, Moraga P, Morawska L, Morrison SD, Morze J, Mosapour A, Mostafavi E, Mousavi SM, Mousavi Isfahani H, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Mpundu-Kaambwa C, Mubarik S, Mulita F, Munblit D, Munro SB, Murillo-Zamora E, Musa J, Nabhan AF, Nagarajan AJ, Nagaraju SP, Nagel G, Naghipour M, Naimzada MD, Nair TS, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Narayana AI, Nassereldine H, Natto ZS, Nayak BP, Ndejjo R, Nduaguba SO, Negash WW, Nejadghaderi SA, Nejati K, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen HVN, Niazi RK, Noor NM, Noori M, Noroozi N, Nouraei H, Nowroozi A, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nzoputam CI, Nzoputam OJ, Oancea B, Odukoya OO, Oghenetega OB, Ogunsakin RE, Oguntade AS, Oh IH, Okati-Aliabad H, Okekunle AP, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Olakunde BO, Olufadewa II, Omer E, Omonisi AEE, Ong S, Onwujekwe OE, Orru H, Otstavnov SS, Oulhaj A, Oumer B, Owopetu OF, Oyinloye BE, P A M, Padron-Monedero A, Padubidri JR, Pakbin B, Pakshir K, Pakzad R, Palicz T, Pana A, Pandey A, Pandey A, Pant S, Pardhan S, Park EC, Park EK, Park S, Patel J, Pati S, Paudel R, Paudel U, Paun M, Pazoki Toroudi H, Peng M, Pereira J, Pereira RB, Perna S, Perumalsamy N, Pestell RG, Pezzani R, Piccinelli C, Pillay JD, Piracha ZZ, Pischon T, Postma MJ, Pourabhari Langroudi A, Pourshams A, Pourtaheri N, Prashant A, Qadir MMF, Quazi Syed Z, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Radhakrishnan RA, Radhakrishnan V, Raeisi M, Rafiee A, Rafiei A, Raheem N, Rahim F, Rahman MO, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rahmani S, Rahmanian V, Rajai N, Rajesh A, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Rana J, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao CR, Rao SJ, Rashedi S, Rashidi A, Rashidi M, Rashidi MM, Ratan ZA, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Rehman AU, Rehman IU, Reitsma MB, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei M, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei S, Rezaeian M, Rezapour A, Riad A, Rikhtegar R, Rios-Blancas M, Roberts TJ, Rohloff P, Romero-Rodríguez E, Roshandel G, Rwegerera GM, S M, Saber-Ayad MM, Saberzadeh-Ardestani B, Sabour S, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Saeb MR, Saeed U, Safaei M, Safary A, Sahebazzamani M, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Sajid MR, Salari H, Salehi S, Salem MR, Salimzadeh H, Samodra YL, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sankararaman S, Sanmarchi F, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saqib MAN, Sarveazad A, Sarvi F, Sathian B, Satpathy M, Sayegh N, Schneider IJC, Schwarzinger M, Šekerija M, Senthilkumaran S, Sepanlou SG, Seylani A, Seyoum K, Sha F, Shafaat O, Shah PA, Shahabi S, Shahid I, Shahrbaf MA, Shahsavari HR, Shaikh MA, Shaka MF, Shaker E, Shannawaz M, Sharew MMS, Sharifi A, Sharifi-Rad J, Sharma P, Shashamo BB, Sheikh A, Sheikh M, Sheikhbahaei S, Sheikhi RA, Sheikhy A, Shepherd PR, Shetty A, Shetty JK, Shetty RS, Shibuya K, Shirkoohi R, Shirzad-Aski H, Shivakumar KM, Shivalli S, Shivarov V, Shobeiri P, Shokri Varniab Z, Shorofi SA, Shrestha S, Sibhat MM, Siddappa Malleshappa SK, Sidemo NB, Silva DAS, Silva LMLR, Silva Julian G, Silvestris N, Simegn W, Singh AD, Singh A, Singh G, Singh H, Singh JA, Singh JK, Singh P, Singh S, Sinha DN, Sinke AH, Siraj MS, Sitas F, Siwal SS, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Socea B, Soeberg MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Solomon Y, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Song S, Song Y, Sorensen RJD, Soshnikov S, Sotoudeh H, Sowe A, Sufiyan MB, Suk R, Suleman M, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sultana S, Sur D, Szócska M, Tabaeian SP, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabatabaei SM, Tabuchi T, Tadbiri H, Taheri E, Taheri M, Taheri Soodejani M, Takahashi K, Talaat IM, Tampa M, Tan KK, Tat NY, Tat VY, Tavakoli A, Tavakoli A, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Tekalegn Y, Tesfay FH, Thapar R, Thavamani A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Thomas N, Thomas NK, Ticoalu JHV, Tiyuri A, Tollosa DN, Topor-Madry R, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran MTN, Tripathy JP, Ukke GG, Ullah I, Ullah S, Ullah S, Unnikrishnan B, Vacante M, Vaezi M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Valdez PR, Vardavas C, Varthya SB, Vaziri S, Velazquez DZ, Veroux M, Villeneuve PJ, Violante FS, Vladimirov SK, Vlassov V, Vo B, Vu LG, Wadood AW, Waheed Y, Walde MT, Wamai RG, Wang C, Wang F, Wang N, Wang Y, Ward P, Waris A, Westerman R, Wickramasinghe ND, Woldemariam M, Woldu B, Xiao H, Xu S, Xu X, Yadav L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yang L, Yazdanpanah F, Yeshaw Y, Yismaw Y, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yousefian F, Yu C, Yu Y, Yunusa I, Zahir M, Zaki N, Zaman BA, Zangiabadian M, Zare F, Zare I, Zareshahrabadi Z, Zarrintan A, Zastrozhin MS, Zeineddine MA, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhou L, Zodpey S, Zoladl M, Vos T, Hay SI, Force LM, Murray CJL. The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 2022; 400:563-591. [PMID: 35988567 PMCID: PMC9395583 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. METHODS The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. FINDINGS Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01-4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3-48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1-45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60-3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8-54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36-1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5-41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6-28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8-25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [27·9-42·8] and 33·3% [25·8-42·0]). INTERPRETATION The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Wang X, Qian ZM, Zhang Z, Cai M, Chen L, Wu Y, Li H, Liu E, McMillin SE, Lin H. Population attributable fraction of lung cancer due to genetic variants, modifiable risk factors, and their interactions: a nationwide prospective cohort study. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134773. [PMID: 35500626 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variants and modifiable risk factors (including environmental exposure and lifestyle) greatly contribute to the development of lung cancer. The population attributable fraction (PAF) of these risk factors, especially their interactive effects, has not been well quantified. METHODS A total of 398,577 participants were included in this analysis. There were 2504 incident lung cancer cases identified over an average 10.4-year follow-up. We applied Cox proportional hazards models to examine the associations between risk factors and incident lung cancer. We further developed a polygenic risk score and evaluated whether environmental factors modified the effect of genetic risk on incident lung cancer. Furthermore, we calculated the PAF for each risk factor, as well as their gene-environment additive interaction, and then combined them to create a weighted PAF that takes into consideration participants with overlapping risk factors. RESULTS Our analysis showed that smoking was the leading risk factor for lung cancer with a PAF of 63.73%. We observed additive interactions between smoking, PM2.5, NOx, and genetic risk, with PAFs of 17.85% (smoking-high genetic risk interaction), 10.79% (smoking-intermediate genetic risk interaction), 5.30% (NOx-high genetic risk interaction), 6.55% (PM2.5-high genetic risk interaction), and 4.99% (PM2.5-intermediate genetic risk interaction). We estimated that 73.46% of lung cancer cases could be attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors after adjusting for the correlation between them. CONCLUSION High genetic risk and several modifiable factors may increase the risk of incident lung cancer. Participants with a high genetic risk may be more vulnerable to developing lung cancer if exposed to smoking and/or high air pollution. Our findings provide evidence that the majority of incident lung cancer cases could be prevented by eliminating modifiable risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinglin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Echu Liu
- Department of Health Management and Policy, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Stephen Edward McMillin
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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George BP, Chota A, Sarbadhikary P, Abrahamse H. Fundamentals and applications of metal nanoparticle- enhanced singlet oxygen generation for improved cancer photodynamic therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:964674. [PMID: 35936097 PMCID: PMC9352943 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.964674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of nanotechnology in the field of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has proven to have great potential to overcome some of the challenges associated with traditional organic photosensitizers (PS) with respect to their solubility, drug delivery, distribution and site-specific targeting. Other focused areas in PDT involve high singlet oxygen production capability and excitability of PS by deep tissue penetrating light wavelengths. Owing to their very promising optical and surface plasmon resonance properties, combination of traditional PSs with plasmonic metallic nanoparticles like gold and silver nanoparticles results in remarkably high singlet oxygen production and extended excitation property from visible and near-infrared lights. This review summarizes the importance, fundamentals and applications of on plasmonic metallic nanoparticles in PDT. Lastly, we highlight the future prospects of these plasmonic nanoengineering strategies with or without PS combination, to have a significant impact in improving the therapeutic efficacy of cancer PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blassan P. George
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Paromita Sarbadhikary
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Zhang M, Liu Y, Liu Y, Hou S, Li H, Ma Y, Wang C, Chen X. A Potential Indicator ARRDC2 Has Feasibility to Evaluate Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment in Ovarian Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:815082. [PMID: 35664304 PMCID: PMC9157644 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.815082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The abnormal expression of α-arrestin protein family plays a key regulatory role in the occurrence and development of many cancers, including colorectal cancer and cervical cancer, and is inseparable from changes in the tumor immune microenvironment. However, the role of ARRDC2, an important member of this family, in the malignant biological process of ovarian cancer (OC) has not been reported, and its role in the change of the immune microenvironment is also unknown. Methods: In this study, HPA, TCGA, GEO and other databases were used to explore the role of ARRDC2 in the prognosis assessment of ovarian cancer. Then, GO, KEGG analysis and GSEA analysis of the biological processes and cell signaling pathways that ARRDC2 may be involved in activated or inhibited. In addition, the TIMER and TISIDB database were used to conduct in-depth research on the role of ARRDC2 in the change of the immune microenvironment of ovarian cancer. The CMap database explored and screened drugs that may be used for treatment. Through cell transfection, CCK-8, Ki-67 immunofluorescence, wound healing, transwell and clone formation assay, the effect of ARRDC2 knockdown on the malignant biological behavior of OC cells were explored. Results: There were significant differences between OC and ARRDC2 mRNA and protein levels. High ARRDC2 expression level is associated with poor overall survival and can be used as an independent prognostic factor. Interestingly, ARRDC2 expression is positively correlated with B cells, Neutrophils, Dendritic cells and CD8+ T cells, signifying that ARRDC2 may be related to infiltration of immune cells. ARRDC2 and its co-expressed genes are enriched in cell signaling pathways related to the immune system. We explored two possible drugs for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Finally, the results of in vitro experiments indicated that knockdown of ARRDC2 may inhibit malignant phenotypes such as proliferation and migration of OC cells. Conclusion: The differentially expressed ARRDC2 may be a potential prognostic indicator and can be used as a novel biomarker for exploring the immune microenvironment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yunduo Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Siyu Hou
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuwei Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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Liang Y, Zhang Y, Li M, Meng Z, Gong S, Du W, Yang Y, Wang Z, Wang S. A camphor-based fluorescent probe with high selectivity and sensitivity for formaldehyde detection in real food samples and living zebrafish. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Di Rollo DG, McGovern J, Morton C, Miller G, Dolan R, Horgan PG, McMillan DC, Mansouri D. Relationship between BMI, CT-derived body composition and colorectal neoplasia in a bowel screening population. Scott Med J 2022; 67:93-102. [PMID: 35603880 PMCID: PMC9358305 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221102237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).
Unlike the indirect measures such as BMI, CT-Body composition (CT-BC) allows
for the assessment of both volume and distribution of adipose tissue.
Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between
host characteristics, BMI, CT-BC measurements and the incidence of
colorectal neoplasia. Methods Patients undergoing CT Colonography (CTC) as part of the Scottish Bowel
Screening Programme, between July 2009 and February 2016, were eligible for
inclusion. Data were collected including demographic data,
clinicopathological variables and CT-BC measurements including skeletal
muscle index (SMI), subcutaneous fat index (SFI) and visceral fat area
(VFA). CTC, colonoscopy, and pathology reports were used to identify CRC
incidence. Associations between demographic data, clinicopathological
variables, CT-BC measurements, colorectal neoplasia and advanced colorectal
neoplasia were analysed using univariate and multivariate binary logistics
regression. Results 286 patients met the inclusion criteria. Neoplasia was detected in 105 (37%)
of the patients with advanced neoplasia being detected in 72 (69%) of
patients. On multivariate analysis sex (p < 0.05) and high VFA
(p < 0.001) remained independently associated with colorectal neoplasia.
On multivariate analysis a high SFI (p < 0.01) remained independently
associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia. BMI was not associated with
either colorectal neoplasia or advanced colorectal neoplasia. Conclusion When directly compared to BMI, CT derived fat measurements were more closely
associated with the degree of neoplasia in patients undergoing colorectal
cancer screening. In patients investigated with CT colonography, CT adipose
measures may stratify the risk and grade of neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenic G. Di Rollo
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Josh McGovern
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Christopher Morton
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Gillian Miller
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Ross Dolan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Paul G. Horgan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Donald C. McMillan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - David Mansouri
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
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Koczkodaj P, Wiseman KP, Little M, Anderson RT. Close the pack of cigarettes – close the care gap: Reflections
after World Cancer Day 2022. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:44. [PMID: 35611071 PMCID: PMC9081551 DOI: 10.18332/tid/148145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Koczkodaj
- Cancer Epidemiology and Primary Prevention Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kara P. Wiseman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Melissa Little
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Roger T. Anderson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
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Fitch MI. Reducing the global burden of cancer. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2022; 9:100087. [PMID: 35990022 PMCID: PMC9386385 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2022.100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Li Y, Liu J, Sun L, Zhang B, Shi R. Research trends of cancer metabolism: analysis from a Chinese perspective. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:367-373. [PMID: 35470986 PMCID: PMC9118042 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China.,Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, P. R. China
| | - Lichao Sun
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China.,Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
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Zheng JJ, Liu WC, Lu FN, Tang Y, Yuan ZQ. Recent Progress in Fluorescent Formaldehyde Detection Using Small Molecule Probes. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-022-00220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Cancer Burden in China during 1990–2019: Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3918045. [PMID: 35463971 PMCID: PMC9023157 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3918045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the risk factors, trends, and burden of cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Diseases. The incidence, mortality, and DALY of all cancers in China for the past 30 years were analyzed. In 2019, the age-standardized rates (ASRs) of cancer incidence, mortality, and DALY in China were 232.42/100 000, 136.72/100 000, and 3288.22/100 000, respectively. The five cancers with the highest age-standardized incidence rates were lung, stomach, colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers. From 1990 to 2019, the number of new cancer cases, deaths, and DALY increased by 168.78%, 86.89%, and 51.20%, respectively. The ASR increased by 22.21% for incidence and decreased by 19.01% and 27.19% for mortality and DALY, respectively, and their corresponding average annual percent change values were 0.71, -0.80, and -1.26, respectively. The main risk factors for cancer in China were smoking, air pollution, dietary factors, and alcohol use. From 1990 to 2019, the cancer incidence rate was on the rise, and cancer mortality and DALY rates were declining; however, these characteristics vary by cancer site. Therefore, current prevention strategies should be reoriented, and specific strategies for cancers in different sites should be established to prevent the increase in cancer cases.
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