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Wei XH, Liao LY, Yin YX, Xu Q, Xie SS, Liu M, Gao LB, Chen HQ, Zhou R. Overexpression of long noncoding RNA DUXAP8 inhibits ER-phagy through activating AKT/mTOR signaling and contributes to preeclampsia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:336. [PMID: 39120751 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a life-threatening pregnancy-specific complication with controversial mechanisms and no effective treatment except delivery is available. Currently, increasing researchers suggested that PE shares pathophysiologic features with protein misfolding/aggregation disorders, such as Alzheimer disease (AD). Evidences have proposed defective autophagy as a potential source of protein aggregation in PE. Endoplasmic reticulum-selective autophagy (ER-phagy) plays a critical role in clearing misfolded proteins and maintaining ER homeostasis. However, its roles in the molecular pathology of PE remain unclear. We found that lncRNA DUXAP8 was upregulated in preeclamptic placentae and significantly correlated with clinical indicators. DUXAP8 specifically binds to PCBP2 and inhibits its ubiquitination-mediated degradation, and decreased levels of PCBP2 reversed the activation effect of DUXAP8 overexpression on AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Function experiments showed that DUXAP8 overexpression inhibited trophoblastic proliferation, migration, and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo and JAR cells. Moreover, pathological accumulation of swollen and lytic ER (endoplasmic reticulum) was observed in DUXAP8-overexpressed HTR8/SVneo cells and PE placental villus trophoblast cells, which suggesting that ER clearance ability is impaired. Further studies found that DUXAP8 overexpression impaired ER-phagy and caused protein aggregation medicated by reduced FAM134B and LC3II expression (key proteins involved in ER-phagy) via activating AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The increased level of FAM134B significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of DUXAP8 overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblasts. In vivo, DUXAP8 overexpression through tail vein injection of adenovirus induced PE-like phenotypes in pregnant rats accompanied with activated AKT/mTOR signaling, decreased expression of FAM134B and LC3-II proteins and increased protein aggregation in placental tissues. Our study reveals the important role of lncRNA DUXAP8 in regulating trophoblast biological behaviors through FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy, providing a new theoretical basis for understanding the pathogenesis of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) , Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Yun Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) , Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Xue Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) , Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) , Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) , Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) , Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Bo Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Qin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) , Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) , Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.
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2
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Zhang M, Wang Z, Zhao Q, Yang Q, Bai J, Yang C, Zhang ZR, Liu Y. USP20 deubiquitinates and stabilizes the reticulophagy receptor RETREG1/FAM134B to drive reticulophagy. Autophagy 2024; 20:1780-1797. [PMID: 38705724 PMCID: PMC11262213 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2347103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as a hub for various cellular processes, and maintaining ER homeostasis is essential for cell function. Reticulophagy is a selective process that removes impaired ER subdomains through autophagy-mediatedlysosomal degradation. While the involvement of ubiquitination in autophagy regulation is well-established, its role in reticulophagy remains unclear. In this study, we screened deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) involved in reticulophagy and identified USP20 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 20) as a key regulator of reticulophagy under starvation conditions. USP20 specifically cleaves K48- and K63-linked ubiquitin chains on the reticulophagy receptor RETREG1/FAM134B (reticulophagy regulator 1), thereby stabilizing the substrate and promoting reticulophagy. Remarkably, despite lacking a transmembrane domain, USP20 is recruited to the ER through its interaction with VAPs (VAMP associated proteins). VAPs facilitate the recruitment of early autophagy proteins, including WIPI2 (WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2), to specific ER subdomains, where USP20 and RETREG1 are enriched. The recruitment of WIPI2 and other proteins in this process plays a crucial role in facilitating RETREG1-mediated reticulophagy in response to nutrient deprivation. These findings highlight the critical role of USP20 in maintaining ER homeostasis by deubiquitinating and stabilizing RETREG1 at distinct ER subdomains, where USP20 further recruits VAPs and promotes efficient reticulophagy.Abbreviations: ACTB actin beta; ADRB2 adrenoceptor beta 2; AMFR/gp78 autocrine motility factor receptor; ATG autophagy related; ATL3 atlastin GTPase 3; BafA1 bafilomycin A1; BECN1 beclin 1; CALCOCO1 calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 1; CCPG1 cell cycle progression 1; DAPI 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DTT dithiothreitol; DUB deubiquitinating enzyme; EBSS Earle's Balanced Salt Solution; FFAT two phenylalanines (FF) in an acidic tract; GABARAP GABA type A receptor-associated protein; GFP green fluorescent protein; HMGCR 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase; IL1B interleukin 1 beta; LIR LC3-interacting region; MAP1LC3/LC3 microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; PIK3C3/Vps34 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; RB1CC1/FIP200 RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1; RETREG1/FAM134B reticulophagy regulator 1; RFP red fluorescent protein; RHD reticulon homology domain; RIPK1 receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1; RTN3L reticulon 3 long isoform; SEC61B SEC61 translocon subunit beta; SEC62 SEC62 homolog, preprotein translocation factor; SIM super-resolution structured illumination microscopy; SNAI2 snail family transcriptional repressor 2; SQSTM1/p62 sequestosome 1; STING1/MITA stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1; STX17 syntaxin 17; TEX264 testis expressed 264, ER-phagy receptor; TNF tumor necrosis factor; UB ubiquitin; ULK1 unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; USP20 ubiquitin specific peptidase 20; USP33 ubiquitin specific peptidase 33; VAMP8 vesicle associated membrane protein 8; VAPs VAMP associated proteins; VMP1 vacuole membrane protein 1; WIPI2 WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2; ZFYVE1/DFCP1 zinc finger FYVE-type containing 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangshun Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyun Bai
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiwei Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zai-Rong Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfen Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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Xie W, Huang X, Zhu C, Jiang F, Deng Y, Yu B, Wu L, Yue Q, Deng Y. A Versatile Synthesis Platform Based on Polymer Cubosomes for a Library of Highly Ordered Nanoporous Metal Oxides Particles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313920. [PMID: 38634436 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Polymer cubosomes (PCs) have well-defined inverse bicontinuous cubic mesophases formed by amphiphilic block copolymer bilayers. The open hydrophilic channels, large periods, and robust physical properties of PCs are advantageous to many host-guest interactions and yet not fully exploited, especially in the fields of functional nanomaterials. Here, the self-assembly of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-polystyrene block copolymers is systematically investigated and a series of robust PCs is developed via a cosolvent method. Ordered nanoporous metal oxide particles are obtained by selectively filling the hydrophilic channels of PCs via an impregnation strategy, followed by a two-step thermal treatment. Based on this versatile PC platform, the general synthesis of a library of ordered porous particles with different pore structures3 ¯ $\bar{3}$ 3 ¯ $\bar{3}$ , tunable large pore size (18-78 nm), high specific surface areas (up to 123.3 m2 g-1 for WO3) and diverse framework compositions, such as transition and non-transition metal oxides, rare earth chloride oxides, perovskite, pyrochlore, and high-entropy metal oxides is demonstrated. As typical materials obtained via this method, ordered porous WO3 particles have the advantages of open continuous structure and semiconducting properties, thus showing superior gas sensing performances toward hydrogen sulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhe Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fengluan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Bingjie Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Institute of Energy and Materials Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Qin Yue
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Science, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yonghui Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
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Fernandes T, Melo T, Conde T, Neves B, Domingues P, Resende R, Pereira CF, Moreira PI, Domingues MR. Mapping the lipidome in mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) in an in vitro model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2024; 168:1237-1253. [PMID: 38327008 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The disruption of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) plays a relevant role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). MAMs have been implicated in neuronal dysfunction and death since it is associated with impairment of functions regulated in this subcellular domain, including lipid synthesis and trafficking, mitochondria dysfunction, ER stress-induced unfolded protein response (UPR), apoptosis, and inflammation. Since MAMs play an important role in lipid metabolism, in this study we characterized and investigated the lipidome alterations at MAMs in comparison with other subcellular fractions, namely microsomes and mitochondria, using an in vitro model of AD, namely the mouse neuroblastoma cell line (N2A) over-expressing the APP familial Swedish mutation (APPswe) and the respective control (WT) cells. Phospholipids (PLs) and fatty acids (FAs) were isolated from the different subcellular fractions and analyzed by HILIC-LC-MS/MS and GC-MS, respectively. In this in vitro AD model, we observed a down-regulation in relative abundance of some phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) species with PUFA and few PC with saturated and long-chain FA. We also found an up-regulation of CL, and antioxidant alkyl acyl PL. Moreover, multivariate analysis indicated that each organelle has a specific lipid profile adaptation in N2A APPswe cells. In the FAs profile, we found an up-regulation of C16:0 in all subcellular fractions, a decrease of C18:0 levels in total fraction (TF) and microsomes fraction, and a down-regulation of 9-C18:1 was also found in mitochondria fraction in the AD model. Together, these results suggest that the over-expression of the familial APP Swedish mutation affects lipid homeostasis in MAMs and other subcellular fractions and supports the important role of lipids in AD physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Fernandes
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CACC-Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiago Conde
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruna Neves
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Resende
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CACC-Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia F Pereira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CACC-Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula I Moreira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CACC-Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Santinho A, Carpentier M, Lopes Sampaio J, Omrane M, Thiam AR. Giant organelle vesicles to uncover intracellular membrane mechanics and plasticity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3767. [PMID: 38704407 PMCID: PMC11069511 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Tools for accessing and studying organelles remain underdeveloped. Here, we present a method by which giant organelle vesicles (GOVs) are generated by submitting cells to a hypotonic medium followed by plasma membrane breakage. By this means, GOVs ranging from 3 to over 10 µm become available for micromanipulation. GOVs are made from organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, endosomes, lysosomes and mitochondria, or in contact with one another such as giant mitochondria-associated ER membrane vesicles. We measure the mechanical properties of each organelle-derived GOV and find that they have distinct properties. In GOVs procured from Cos7 cells, for example, bending rigidities tend to increase from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. We also found that the mechanical properties of giant endoplasmic reticulum vesicles (GERVs) vary depending on their interactions with other organelles or the metabolic state of the cell. Lastly, we demonstrate GERVs' biochemical activity through their capacity to synthesize triglycerides and assemble lipid droplets. These findings underscore the potential of GOVs as valuable tools for studying the biophysics and biology of organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Santinho
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Carpentier
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Julio Lopes Sampaio
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Plateforme de Métabolomique et Lipidomique, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France
| | - Mohyeddine Omrane
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Abdou Rachid Thiam
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75005, Paris, France.
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Wang J, Xiong J, Zhang S, Li D, Chu Q, Chang W, Deng L, Ji WK. Biogenesis of Rab14-positive endosome buds at Golgi-endosome contacts by the RhoBTB3-SHIP164-Vps26B complex. Cell Discov 2024; 10:38. [PMID: 38565878 PMCID: PMC10987540 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Early endosomes (EEs) are crucial in cargo sorting within vesicular trafficking. While cargoes destined for degradation are retained in EEs and eventually transported to lysosomes, recycled cargoes for the plasma membrane (PM) or the Golgi undergo segregation into specialized membrane structures known as EE buds during cargo sorting. Despite this significance, the molecular basis of the membrane expansion during EE bud formation has been poorly understood. In this study, we identify a protein complex comprising SHIP164, an ATPase RhoBTB3, and a retromer subunit Vps26B, which promotes the formation of EE buds at Golgi-EE contacts. Our findings reveal that Vps26B acts as a novel Rab14 effector, and Rab14 activity regulates the association of SHIP164 with EEs. Depletion of SHIP164 leads to enlarged Rab14+ EEs without buds, a phenotype rescued by wild-type SHIP164 but not the lipid transfer-defective mutants. Suppression of RhoBTB3 or Vps26B mirrors the effects of SHIP164 depletion. Together, we propose a lipid transport-dependent pathway mediated by the RhoBTB3-SHIP164-Vps26B complex at Golgi-EE contacts, which is essential for EE budding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuhan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongchen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingzhu Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Lin Deng
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei-Ke Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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7
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Li J, Wu YJ. Tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate induces hepatic steatosis by mTOR activation and ER stress induction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:116010. [PMID: 38280340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP), an organophosphorus compound (OP), which is widely used as plasticizer, flame retardant and other industrial products, has been reported to cause multiple toxicities including neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. However, it remains to be elusive whether TOCP induces hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of TOCP on hepatocytes and the lipid metabolism in particular. The adult mice were given a single dose of TOCP (800 mg/kg, p.o.) and the histological changes in liver tissue and lipid content in serum were determined. The results showed that more vacuoles and lipid droplets were observed in the liver of the mice exposed to TOCP. And triglyceride concentrations in serum and liver tissue significantly increased. However, the histopathological changes of the liver and the elevated triglyceride levels in the exposed mice can be reversed by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid and mTOR signal inhibitor rapamycin. It was also found that the changes of expression levels of the biomarkers of ER stress and mTOR signaling pathway, such as GRP78, CHOP, and p-mTOR, in the exposed mice were consistent with those observed in the cultured primary hepatocytes treated with the same chemicals. These results showed that TOCP activated mTOR signal and ER stress to induce de novo lipid synthesis, which led to the hepatic steatosis in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yi-Jun Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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8
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Sandor A, Samalova M, Brandizzi F, Kriechbaumer V, Moore I, Fricker MD, Sweetlove LJ. Characterization of intracellular membrane structures derived from a massive expansion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane due to synthetic ER-membrane-resident polyproteins. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:45-59. [PMID: 37715992 PMCID: PMC10735356 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic organelle that is amenable to major restructuring. Introduction of recombinant ER-membrane-resident proteins that form homo oligomers is a known method of inducing ER proliferation: interaction of the proteins with each other alters the local structure of the ER network, leading to the formation large aggregations of expanded ER, sometimes leading to the formation of organized smooth endoplasmic reticulum (OSER). However, these membrane structures formed by ER proliferation are poorly characterized and this hampers their potential development for plant synthetic biology. Here, we characterize a range of ER-derived membranous compartments in tobacco and show how the nature of the polyproteins introduced into the ER membrane affect the morphology of the final compartment. We show that a cytosol-facing oligomerization domain is an essential component for compartment formation. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we demonstrate that although the compartment retains a connection to the ER, a diffusional barrier exists to both the ER and the cytosol associated with the compartment. Using quantitative image analysis, we also show that the presence of the compartment does not disrupt the rest of the ER network. Moreover, we demonstrate that it is possible to recruit a heterologous, bacterial enzyme to the compartment, and for the enzyme to accumulate to high levels. Finally, transgenic Arabidopsis constitutively expressing the compartment-forming polyproteins grew and developed normally under standard conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Sandor
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Marketa Samalova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Federica Brandizzi
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Verena Kriechbaumer
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Ian Moore
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark D Fricker
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee J Sweetlove
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
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9
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Lim JH, Kang HM, Kim DH, Jeong B, Lee DY, Lee JR, Baek JY, Cho HS, Son MY, Kim DS, Kim NS, Jung CR. ARL6IP1 gene delivery reduces neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative pathology in hereditary spastic paraplegia model. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230367. [PMID: 37934410 PMCID: PMC10630151 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ARL6IP1 is implicated in hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), but the specific pathogenic mechanism leading to neurodegeneration has not been elucidated. Here, we clarified the molecular mechanism of ARL6IP1 in HSP using in vitro and in vivo models. The Arl6ip1 knockout (KO) mouse model was generated to represent the clinically involved frameshift mutations and mimicked the HSP phenotypes. Notably, in vivo brain histopathological analysis revealed demyelination of the axon and neuroinflammation in the white matter, including the corticospinal tract. In in vitro experiments, ARL6IP1 silencing caused cell death during neuronal differentiation and mitochondrial dysfunction by dysregulated autophagy. ARL6IP1 localized on mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) to maintain endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial homeostasis via direct interaction with LC3B and BCl2L13. ARL6IP1 played a crucial role in connecting the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria as a member of MAMs. ARL6IP1 gene therapy reduced HSP phenotypes and restored pathophysiological changes in the Arl6ip1 KO model. Our results established that ARL6IP1 could be a potential target for HSP gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwa Lim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mi Kang
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hun Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyeon Jeong
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Yong Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ran Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yeob Baek
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Son
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Soo Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Soon Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho-Rok Jung
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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10
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Spatola Rossi T, Tolmie AF, Nichol T, Pain C, Harrison P, Smith TJ, Fricker M, Kriechbaumer V. Recombinant expression and subcellular targeting of the particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) protein components in plants. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15337. [PMID: 37714899 PMCID: PMC10504283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, which has contributed to approximately a fifth of global warming since pre-industrial times. The agricultural sector produces significant methane emissions, especially from livestock, waste management and rice cultivation. Rice fields alone generate around 9% of total anthropogenic emissions. Methane is produced in waterlogged paddy fields by methanogenic archaea, and transported to the atmosphere through the aerenchyma tissue of rice plants. Thus, bioengineering rice with catalysts to detoxify methane en route could contribute to an efficient emission mitigation strategy. Particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) is the predominant methane catalyst found in nature, and is an enzyme complex expressed by methanotrophic bacteria. Recombinant expression of pMMO has been challenging, potentially due to its membrane localization, multimeric structure, and polycistronic operon. Here we show the first steps towards the engineering of plants for methane detoxification with the three pMMO subunits expressed in the model systems tobacco and Arabidopsis. Membrane topology and protein-protein interactions were consistent with correct folding and assembly of the pMMO subunits on the plant ER. Moreover, a synthetic self-cleaving polypeptide resulted in simultaneous expression of all three subunits, although low expression levels precluded more detailed structural investigation. The work presents plant cells as a novel heterologous system for pMMO allowing for protein expression and modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Spatola Rossi
- Endomembrane Structure and Function Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK
| | - A Frances Tolmie
- Endomembrane Structure and Function Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Tim Nichol
- Molecular Microbiology Research Group, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK
| | - Charlotte Pain
- Endomembrane Structure and Function Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Patrick Harrison
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Thomas J Smith
- Molecular Microbiology Research Group, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK
| | - Mark Fricker
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Verena Kriechbaumer
- Endomembrane Structure and Function Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK.
- Centre for Bioimaging, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.
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11
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Tan X, Cai K, Li J, Yuan Z, Chen R, Xiao H, Xu C, Hu B, Qin Y, Ding B. Coronavirus subverts ER-phagy by hijacking FAM134B and ATL3 into p62 condensates to facilitate viral replication. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112286. [PMID: 36952345 PMCID: PMC9998290 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
ER-phagy is a form of autophagy that is mediated by ER-phagy receptors and selectively degrades endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Coronaviruses have been shown to use the ER as a membrane source to establish their double-membrane vesicles (DMVs). However, whether viruses modulate ER-phagy to drive viral DMV formation and its underlying molecular mechanisms remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that coronavirus subverts ER-phagy by hijacking the ER-phagy receptors FAM134B and ATL3 into p62 condensates, resulting in increased viral replication. Mechanistically, we show that viral protein ORF8 binds to and undergoes condensation with p62. FAM134B and ATL3 interact with homodimer of ORF8 and are aggregated into ORF8/p62 liquid droplets, leading to ER-phagy inhibition. ORF8/p62 condensates disrupt ER-phagy to facilitate viral DMV formation and activate ER stress. Together, our data highlight how coronavirus modulates ER-phagy to drive viral replication by hijacking ER-phagy receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Kun Cai
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ruifeng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Hurong Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chuanrui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yali Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Binbin Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Cell Architecture Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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12
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Du Y, Chang W, Gao L, Deng L, Ji WK. Tex2 is required for lysosomal functions at TMEM55-dependent ER membrane contact sites. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:213838. [PMID: 36705603 PMCID: PMC9930140 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202205133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
ER tubules form and maintain membrane contact sites (MCSs) with late endosomes/lysosomes (LE/lys). The molecular composition and cellular functions of these MCSs are poorly understood. Here, we find that Tex2, an SMP domain-containing lipid transfer protein conserved in metazoan and yeast, is a tubular ER protein and is recruited to ER-LE/lys MCSs by TMEM55, phosphatases that convert PI(4,5)P2 to PI5P on LE/lys. We show that the Tex2-TMEM55 interaction occurs between an N-terminal region of Tex2 and a catalytic motif in the PTase domain of TMEM55. The Tex2-TMEM55 interaction can be regulated by endosome-resident type 2 PI4K activities. Functionally, Tex2 knockout results in defects in lysosomal trafficking, digestive capacity, and lipid composition of LE/lys membranes. Together, our data identify Tex2 as a tubular ER protein that resides at TMEM55-dependent ER-LE/lys MCSs required for lysosomal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiao Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China,https://ror.org/00p991c53Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,https://ror.org/00sdcjz77Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiping Chang
- https://ror.org/00sdcjz77Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Gao
- https://ror.org/05hfa4n20Microscopy Core Facility, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Deng
- https://ror.org/00sdcjz77Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Ke Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China,https://ror.org/00p991c53Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,https://ror.org/00sdcjz77Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China,Correspondence to Wei-Ke Ji:
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13
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling and Neuronal Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315186. [PMID: 36499512 PMCID: PMC9740965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides protein processing, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has several other functions such as lipid synthesis, the transfer of molecules to other cellular compartments, and the regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis. Before leaving the organelle, proteins must be folded and post-translationally modified. Protein folding and revision require molecular chaperones and a favorable ER environment. When in stressful situations, ER luminal conditions or chaperone capacity are altered, and the cell activates signaling cascades to restore a favorable folding environment triggering the so-called unfolded protein response (UPR) that can lead to autophagy to preserve cell integrity. However, when the UPR is disrupted or insufficient, cell death occurs. This review examines the links between UPR signaling, cell-protective responses, and death following ER stress with a particular focus on those mechanisms that operate in neurons.
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14
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Linnenbrügger L, Doering L, Lansing H, Fischer K, Eirich J, Finkemeier I, von Schaewen A. Alternative splicing of Arabidopsis G6PD5 recruits NADPH-producing OPPP reactions to the endoplasmic reticulum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:909624. [PMID: 36119606 PMCID: PMC9478949 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.909624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is the rate-limiting enzyme of the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway (OPPP). The OPPP mainly provides NADPH and sugar-phosphate building blocks for anabolic pathways and is present in all eukaryotes. In plant cells, the irreversible part of the OPPP is found in several compartments. Among the isoforms catalyzing the first OPPP step in Arabidopsis, G6PD1 to G6PD4 target plastids (with G6PD1 being also directed to peroxisomes), whereas G6PD5 and G6PD6 operate in the cytosol. We noticed that alternative splice forms G6PD5.4 and G6PD5.5 encode N-terminally extended proteoforms. Compared to G6PD5.1, RT-PCR signals differed and fluorescent reporter fusions expressed in Arabidopsis protoplasts accumulated in distinct intracellular sites. Co-expression with organelle-specific markers revealed that the G6PD5.4 and G6PD5.5 proteoforms label different subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and analysis of C-terminal roGFP fusions showed that their catalytic domains face the cytosol. In g6pd5-1 g6pd6-2 mutant protoplasts lacking cytosolic G6PDH activity, the ER-bound proteoforms were both active and thus able to form homomers. Among the Arabidopsis 6-phosphogluconolactonases (catalyzing the second OPPP step), we noticed that isoform PGL2 carries a C-terminal CaaX motif that may be prenylated for membrane attachment. Reporter-PGL2 fusions co-localized with G6PD5.4 in ER subdomains, which was abolished by Cys-to-Ser exchange in the 256CSIL motif. Among the Arabidopsis 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases (catalyzing the third OPPP step), S-acylated peptides were detected for all three isoforms in a recent palmitoylome, with dual cytosolic/peroxisomal PGD2 displaying three sites. Co-expression of GFP-PGD2 diminished crowding of OFP-G6PD5.4 at the ER, independent of PGL2's presence. Upon pull-down of GFP-G6PD5.4, not only unlabeled PGD2 and PGL2 were enriched, but also enzymes that depend on NADPH provision at the ER, indicative of physical interaction with the OPPP enzymes. When membrane-bound G6PD5.5 and 5.4 variants were co-expressed with KCR1 (ketoacyl-CoA reductase, involved in fatty acid elongation), ATR1 (NADPH:cytochrome-P450 oxidoreductase), or pulled C4H/CYP73A5 (cinnamate 4-hydroxylase) as indirectly (via ATR) NADPH-dependent cytochrome P450 enzyme, co-localization in ER subdomains was observed. Thus, alternative splicing of G6PD5 can direct the NADPH-producing OPPP reactions to the cytosolic face of the ER, where they may operate as membrane-bound metabolon to support several important biosynthetic pathways of plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreen Linnenbrügger
- Department of Biology, Molecular Physiology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
| | - Lennart Doering
- Department of Biology, Molecular Physiology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
| | - Hannes Lansing
- Department of Biology, Molecular Physiology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
| | - Kerstin Fischer
- Department of Biology, Molecular Physiology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eirich
- Department of Biology, Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Department of Biology, Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
| | - Antje von Schaewen
- Department of Biology, Molecular Physiology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
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15
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Lischka A, Lassuthova P, Çakar A, Record CJ, Van Lent J, Baets J, Dohrn MF, Senderek J, Lampert A, Bennett DL, Wood JN, Timmerman V, Hornemann T, Auer-Grumbach M, Parman Y, Hübner CA, Elbracht M, Eggermann K, Geoffrey Woods C, Cox JJ, Reilly MM, Kurth I. Genetic pain loss disorders. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:41. [PMID: 35710757 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Genetic pain loss includes congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP), hereditary sensory neuropathies and, if autonomic nerves are involved, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN). This heterogeneous group of disorders highlights the essential role of nociception in protecting against tissue damage. Patients with genetic pain loss have recurrent injuries, burns and poorly healing wounds as disease hallmarks. CIP and HSAN are caused by pathogenic genetic variants in >20 genes that lead to developmental defects, neurodegeneration or altered neuronal excitability of peripheral damage-sensing neurons. These genetic variants lead to hyperactivity of sodium channels, disturbed haem metabolism, altered clathrin-mediated transport and impaired gene regulatory mechanisms affecting epigenetic marks, long non-coding RNAs and repetitive elements. Therapies for pain loss disorders are mainly symptomatic but the first targeted therapies are being tested. Conversely, chronic pain remains one of the greatest unresolved medical challenges, and the genes and mechanisms associated with pain loss offer new targets for analgesics. Given the progress that has been made, the coming years are promising both in terms of targeted treatments for pain loss disorders and the development of innovative pain medicines based on knowledge of these genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Lischka
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Petra Lassuthova
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Arman Çakar
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Christopher J Record
- Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jonas Van Lent
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Baets
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium.,Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maike F Dohrn
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jan Senderek
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David L Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - John N Wood
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Auer-Grumbach
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yesim Parman
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katja Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - C Geoffrey Woods
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - James J Cox
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mary M Reilly
- Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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16
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Gubas A, Dikic I. ER remodeling via ER-phagy. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1492-1500. [PMID: 35452617 PMCID: PMC9098120 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a hotspot for many essential cellular functions. The ER membrane is highly dynamic, which affects many cellular processes that take place within the ER. One such process is ER-phagy, a selective degradation of ER fragments (including membranes and luminal content), which serves to preserve the size of ER while adapting its morphology under basal and stress conditions. In order to be degraded, the ER undergoes selective fragmentation facilitated by specialized ER-shaping proteins that also act as ER-phagy receptors. Their ability to sense and induce membrane curvature, as well as to bridge the ER with autophagy machinery, allows for a successful ER fragmentation and delivery of these fragments to the lysosome for degradation and recycling. In this review, we provide insights into ER-phagy from the perspective of membrane remodeling. We highlight the importance of ER membrane dynamics during ER-phagy and emphasize how its dysregulation reflects on human physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gubas
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany.
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17
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Vargas G, Cortés O, Arias-Muñoz E, Hernández S, Cerda-Troncoso C, Hernández L, González AE, Tatham MH, Bustamante HA, Retamal C, Cancino J, Varas-Godoy M, Hay RT, Rojas-Fernández A, Cavieres VA, Burgos PV. Negative Modulation of Macroautophagy by Stabilized HERPUD1 is Counteracted by an Increased ER-Lysosomal Network With Impact in Drug-Induced Stress Cell Survival. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:743287. [PMID: 35309917 PMCID: PMC8924303 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.743287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy and the ubiquitin proteasome system work as an interconnected network in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Indeed, efficient activation of macroautophagy upon nutritional deprivation is sustained by degradation of preexisting proteins by the proteasome. However, the specific substrates that are degraded by the proteasome in order to activate macroautophagy are currently unknown. By quantitative proteomic analysis we identified several proteins downregulated in response to starvation independently of ATG5 expression. Among them, the most significant was HERPUD1, an ER membrane protein with low expression and known to be degraded by the proteasome under normal conditions. Contrary, under ER stress, levels of HERPUD1 increased rapidly due to a blockage in its proteasomal degradation. Thus, we explored whether HERPUD1 stability could work as a negative regulator of autophagy. In this work, we expressed a version of HERPUD1 with its ubiquitin-like domain (UBL) deleted, which is known to be crucial for its proteasome degradation. In comparison to HERPUD1-WT, we found the UBL-deleted version caused a negative role on basal and induced macroautophagy. Unexpectedly, we found stabilized HERPUD1 promotes ER remodeling independent of unfolded protein response activation observing an increase in stacked-tubular structures resembling previously described tubular ER rearrangements. Importantly, a phosphomimetic S59D mutation within the UBL mimics the phenotype observed with the UBL-deleted version including an increase in HERPUD1 stability and ER remodeling together with a negative role on autophagy. Moreover, we found UBL-deleted version and HERPUD1-S59D trigger an increase in cellular size, whereas HERPUD1-S59D also causes an increased in nuclear size. Interestingly, ER remodeling by the deletion of the UBL and the phosphomimetic S59D version led to an increase in the number and function of lysosomes. In addition, the UBL-deleted version and phosphomimetic S59D version established a tight ER-lysosomal network with the presence of extended patches of ER-lysosomal membrane-contact sites condition that reveals an increase of cell survival under stress conditions. Altogether, we propose stabilized HERPUD1 downregulates macroautophagy favoring instead a closed interplay between the ER and lysosomes with consequences in drug-cell stress survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Vargas
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Omar Cortés
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eloisa Arias-Muñoz
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Hernández
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Cerda-Troncoso
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Laura Hernández
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis E González
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Michael H Tatham
- Center for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Hianara A Bustamante
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Microbiología Clínica, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Claudio Retamal
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Cancino
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ronald T Hay
- Center for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro Rojas-Fernández
- Center for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.,Instituto de Medicina & Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Viviana A Cavieres
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia V Burgos
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile.,Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
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18
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Ma X, Zhao X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Sun S, Li Y, Long Z, Liu Y, Zhang X, Li R, Tan L, Jiang L, Zhu JK, Li L. MAG2 and MAL Regulate Vesicle Trafficking and Auxin Homeostasis With Functional Redundancy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:849532. [PMID: 35371137 PMCID: PMC8966843 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.849532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a central phytohormone and controls almost all aspects of plant development and stress response. Auxin homeostasis is coordinately regulated by biosynthesis, catabolism, transport, conjugation, and deposition. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized MAIGO2 (MAG2) complex mediates tethering of arriving vesicles to the ER membrane, and it is crucial for ER export trafficking. Despite important regulatory roles of MAG2 in vesicle trafficking, the mag2 mutant had mild developmental abnormalities. MAG2 has one homolog protein, MAG2-Like (MAL), and the mal-1 mutant also had slight developmental phenotypes. In order to investigate MAG2 and MAL regulatory function in plant development, we generated the mag2-1 mal-1 double mutant. As expected, the double mutant exhibited serious developmental defects and more alteration in stress response compared with single mutants and wild type. Proteomic analysis revealed that signaling, metabolism, and stress response in mag2-1 mal-1 were affected, especially membrane trafficking and auxin biosynthesis, signaling, and transport. Biochemical and cell biological analysis indicated that the mag2-1 mal-1 double mutant had more serious defects in vesicle transport than the mag2-1 and mal-1 single mutants. The auxin distribution and abundance of auxin transporters were altered significantly in the mag2-1 and mal-1 single mutants and mag2-1 mal-1 double mutant. Our findings suggest that MAG2 and MAL regulate plant development and auxin homeostasis by controlling membrane trafficking, with functional redundancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shanwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengbiao Long
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongxia Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Tan
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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19
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Xiao J, Luo SS, Du JH, Liu QY, Huang Y, Wang WF, Chen XL, Chen XH, Liu H, Zhou XY, Zhao YZ, Wang HL. Transcriptomic analysis of gills in nitrite-tolerant and -sensitive families of Litopenaeus vannamei. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 253:109212. [PMID: 34748971 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitrite stress is a major environmental factor that limits aquatic animal growth, reproduction and survival. Even so, some shrimps still can withstand somewhat high concentrations of nitrite environment. However, few studies have been conducted about the tolerance molecular mechanism of Litopenaeus vannamei in the high concentration nitrite. To identify the genes and pathways involved in the regulation of nitrite tolerance, we performed comparative transcriptomic analysis in the L. vannamei nitrite-tolerant (NT) and nitrite-sensitive (NS) families, and untreated shrimps were used as the control group. After 24 h of nitrite exposure (NaNO2, 112.5 mg/L), a total of 1521 and 868 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from NT compared with NS and control group, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that most of these DEGs were involved in immune defense, energy metabolism processes and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. During nitrite stress, energy metabolism in NT was significantly enhanced by activating the related genes expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Meanwhile, some DEGs involved in innate immunity- related genes and pathways, and ER stress responses also were highly expressed in NT. Therefore, we speculate that accelerated energy metabolism, higher expression of immunity and ER related genes might be the important adaptive strategies for NT in relative to NS under nitrite stress. These results will provide new insights on the potential tolerant molecular mechanisms and the breeding of new varieties of nitrite tolerant L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Luo
- key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing-Hao Du
- key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qing-Yun Liu
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yan Huang
- key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei-Feng Wang
- key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiu-Li Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiao-Han Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hong Liu
- key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Zhou
- key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yong-Zhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Huan-Ling Wang
- key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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20
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Liu S, Ou Y, Li Y, Sulaiman K, Tao M, Shawky E, Tian J, Zhu W. Tandem mass tag-based proteomic analysis of endoplasmic reticulum proteins in mulberry leaves under ultraviolet-B and dark stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13667. [PMID: 35289407 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry leaves have been used in traditional Chinese medicine due to their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic properties. A previous study showed that ultraviolet-B radiation followed by dark incubation could improve the contents of active ingredients in mulberry leaves, such as moracin N and chalcomoracin. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as a protein quality control center and the location for protein synthesis, which is involved in the response to the environmental stress in plants. To investigate the mechanisms in response to ultraviolet-B radiation followed by dark incubation (UV + D), ER proteomics was performed on mulberry leaves. The ER protein markers, glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), and calnexin (CNX), were significantly higher in the ER fraction than in the total protein fraction, indicating that the ER was purified. Compared to the control, the abundance of protein disulfide isomerase, UDP-glucose glycoprotein glucosyltransferase, CNX, and calreticulin proteins decreased, while of the abundance of heat shock-related proteins increased under stress. P450 enzyme system-related proteins and ribosomal proteins showed significant increases. These results suggest that under UV + D stress, mulberry leaves activated the cell redox and ER quality control systems, enhancing protein synthesis and weakening N-glycan biosynthesis in the ER to resist the damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Liu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Ou
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaohan Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaisa Sulaiman
- The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Urumchi, China
| | - Minglei Tao
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Eman Shawky
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jingkui Tian
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Ward CP, Peng L, Yuen S, Chang M, Karapetyan R, Nyangau E, Mohammed H, Palacios H, Ziari N, Joe LK, Frakes AE, Dandan M, Dillin A, Hellerstein MK. ER Unfolded Protein Response in Liver In Vivo Is Characterized by Reduced, Not Increased, De Novo Lipogenesis and Cholesterol Synthesis Rates with Uptake of Fatty Acids from Adipose Tissue: Integrated Gene Expression, Translation Rates and Metabolic Fluxes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031073. [PMID: 35162995 PMCID: PMC8835023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response in the endoplasmic reticulum (UPRER) is involved in a number of metabolic diseases. Here, we characterize UPRER-induced metabolic changes in mouse livers in vivo through metabolic labeling and mass spectrometric analysis of lipid and proteome-wide fluxes. We induced UPRER by tunicamycin administration and measured synthesis rates of proteins, fatty acids and cholesterol, as well as RNA-seq. Contrary to reports in isolated cells, hepatic de novo lipogenesis and cholesterogenesis were markedly reduced, as were mRNA levels and synthesis rates of lipogenic proteins. H&E staining showed enrichment with lipid droplets while electron microscopy revealed ER morphological changes. Interestingly, the pre-labeling of adipose tissue prior to UPRER induction resulted in the redistribution of labeled fatty acids from adipose tissue to the liver, with replacement by unlabeled glycerol in the liver acylglycerides, indicating that the liver uptake was of free fatty acids, not whole glycerolipids. The redistribution of adipose fatty acids to the liver was not explicable by altered plasma insulin, increased fatty acid levels (lipolysis) or by reduced food intake. Synthesis of most liver proteins was suppressed under UPRER conditions, with the exception of BiP, other chaperones, protein disulfide isomerases, and proteins of ribosomal biogenesis. Protein synthesis rates generally, but not always, paralleled changes in mRNA. In summary, this combined approach, linking static changes with fluxes, revealed an integrated reduction of lipid and cholesterol synthesis pathways, from gene expression to translation and metabolic flux rates, under UPRER conditions. The reduced lipogenesis does not parallel human fatty liver disease. This approach provides powerful tools to characterize metabolic processes underlying hepatic UPRER in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine P. Ward
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Lucy Peng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Samuel Yuen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Michael Chang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Rozalina Karapetyan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Edna Nyangau
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Hussein Mohammed
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Hector Palacios
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Naveed Ziari
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Larry K. Joe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (L.K.J.); (A.E.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Ashley E. Frakes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (L.K.J.); (A.E.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Mohamad Dandan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (L.K.J.); (A.E.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Marc K. Hellerstein
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 92093, USA; (C.P.W.); (L.P.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (R.K.); (E.N.); (H.M.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Mechanisms of immune response to inorganic nanoparticles and their degradation products. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180:114022. [PMID: 34740764 PMCID: PMC8898339 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Careful assessment of the biological fate and immune response of inorganic nanoparticles is crucial for use of such carriers in drug delivery and other biomedical applications. Many studies have elucidated the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the interaction of inorganic nanoparticles with the components of the immune system. The biodegradation and dissolution of inorganic nanoparticles can influence their ensuing immune response. While the immunological properties of inorganic nanoparticles as a function of their physicochemical properties have been investigated in detail, little attention has been paid to the immune adverse effects towards the degradation products of these nanoparticles. To fill this gap, we herein summarize the cellular mechanisms of immune response to inorganic nanoparticles and their degradation products with specific focus on immune cells. We also accentuate the importance of designing new methods and instruments for the in situ characterization of inorganic nanoparticles in order to assess their safety as a result of degradation. This review further sheds light on factors that need to be considered in the design of safe and effective inorganic nanoparticles for use in delivery of bioactive and imaging agents.
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23
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Ferdinandus, Tan JR, Lim JH, Arai S, Sou K, Lee CLK. Squaraine probes for the bimodal staining of lipid droplets and endoplasmic reticulum imaging in live cells. Analyst 2022; 147:3570-3577. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00803c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a library of asymmetric squaraines and their application as superior bimodal “on-demand” fluorescence probes for lipid drolet and endoplasmic reticulum in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinandus
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jie Ren Tan
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jin Heng Lim
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Satoshi Arai
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keitaro Sou
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chi-Lik Ken Lee
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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24
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Zhu Q. Optical Characteristics and Applications of AIE Racemic C6-Unsubstituted Tetrahydropyrimidines. Front Chem 2021; 9:800177. [PMID: 34900949 PMCID: PMC8664540 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.800177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Racemic C6-unsubstituted tetrahydropyrimidines (THPs) are the products of an efficient five-component reaction that we developed. THPs show strong AIE characteristics, that is, completely no fluorescence in different solvents but strong emission with fluorescence quantum yields (Φ F) up to 100% upon aggregation. However, the Φ F values of their pure enantiomers are lower than 46%. Unlike common AIE compounds with crowded aryl rotors on a π-bond or on an aryl ring, THPs have three completely non-crowded aryl rotors on a non-aromatic chiral central ring (tetrahydropyrimidine). In this mini review, we first discuss the AIE characteristics of THPs and the influences of molecular structures on their molecular packing modes and optical properties, and then present their applications and forecast the development of other racemic AIE compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhua Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Duan R, Li L, Yan H, He M, Gao K, Xing S, Ji H, Wang J, Cao B, Li D, Xie H, Zhao S, Wu Y, Jiang Y, Xiao J, Gu Q, Li M, Zheng X, Chen L, Wang J. Novel Insight into the Potential Pathogenicity of Mitochondrial Dysfunction Resulting from PLP1 Duplication Mutations in Patients with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease. Neuroscience 2021; 476:60-71. [PMID: 34506833 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Among the hypomyelinating leukodystrophies, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a representative disorder. The disease is caused by different types of PLP1 mutations, among which PLP1 duplication accounts for ∼70% of the mutations. Previous studies have shown that PLP1 duplications lead to PLP1 retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); in parallel, recent studies have demonstrated that PLP1 duplication can also lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. As such, the respective roles and interactions of the ER and mitochondria in the pathogenesis of PLP1 duplication are not clear. In both PLP1 patients' and healthy fibroblasts, we measured mitochondrial respiration with a Seahorse XF Extracellular Analyzer and examined the interactions between the ER and mitochondria with super-resolution microscopy (spinning-disc pinhole-based structured illumination microscopy, SD-SIM). For the first time, we demonstrated that PLP1 duplication mutants had closer ER-mitochondrion interfaces mediated through structural and morphological changes in both the ER and mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). These changes in both the ER and mitochondria then led to mitochondrial dysfunction, as reported previously. This work highlights the roles of MAMs in bridging PLP1 expression in the ER and pathogenic dysfunction in mitochondria, providing novel insight into the pathogenicity of mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from PLP1 duplication. These findings suggest that interactions between the ER and mitochondria may underlie pathogenic mechanisms of hypomyelinating leukodystrophies diseases at the organelle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Duan
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Liuju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huifang Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Miao He
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation (IBRR), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Shijia Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haoran Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jianyong Wang
- School of Software and Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Binbin Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Shiqun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jiangxi Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiaolu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Collaborative Innovation (BICI), Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Liangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Jingmin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100083, China.
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Hao L, Ling YY, Huang ZX, Pan ZY, Tan CP, Mao ZW. Real-time tracking of ER turnover during ERLAD by a rhenium complex via lifetime imaging. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 9:nwab194. [PMID: 35958681 PMCID: PMC9362766 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) degradation by autophagy (ER-phagy) is a recently revealed selective autophagy pathway that plays important roles in organelle turnover and protein degradation, but the biological functions of ER-phagy are largely unknown. Here, we present an ER-targeting Re(I) tricarbonyl complex (Re-ERLAD) that can accumulate in the ER, induce ER-to-lysosome-associated degradation (ERLAD) upon visible light irradiation, and label ER buds and track their morphological alterations during ER-phagy. The emission of Re-ERLAD is sensitive to viscosity, which is a key parameter reflecting the amount of unfolded protein in the ER. Quantitative detection using two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy shows that ER viscosity initially increases and then decreases during ERLAD, which reveals that ERLAD is a pathway for alleviating ER stress caused by unfolded proteins. In conclusion, our work presents the first specific photoinducer and tracker of ERLAD, which can be used in studying the regulatory mechanism and function of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yu-Yi Ling
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zheng-Yin Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Tran NH, Carter SD, De Mazière A, Ashkenazi A, Klumperman J, Walter P, Jensen GJ. The stress-sensing domain of activated IRE1α forms helical filaments in narrow ER membrane tubes. Science 2021; 374:52-57. [PMID: 34591618 PMCID: PMC9041316 DOI: 10.1126/science.abh2474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The signaling network of the unfolded protein response (UPR) adjusts the protein-folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) according to need. The most conserved UPR sensor, IRE1α, spans the ER membrane and activates through oligomerization. IRE1α oligomers accumulate in dynamic foci. We determined the in situ structure of IRE1α foci by cryogenic correlated light and electron microscopy combined with electron cryo-tomography and complementary immuno–electron microscopy in mammalian cell lines. IRE1α foci localized to a network of narrow anastomosing ER tubes (diameter, ~28 nm) with complex branching. The lumen of the tubes contained protein filaments, which were likely composed of arrays of IRE1α lumenal domain dimers that were arranged in two intertwined, left-handed helices. This specialized ER subdomain may play a role in modulating IRE1α signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Han Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen D. Carter
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ann De Mazière
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Avi Ashkenazi
- Cancer Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Judith Klumperman
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Peter Walter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Corresponding author. (P.W.); (G.J.J.)
| | - Grant J. Jensen
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
- Corresponding author. (P.W.); (G.J.J.)
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Li N, Huang Z, Ding L, Shi H, Hong M. Endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response modulates the adaptation of Trachemys scripta elegans in salinity water. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 248:109102. [PMID: 34102330 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Trachemys scripta elegans, as a freshwater invasive species, can survive and lay eggs in brackish water, which may lead to the expansion of its potential invasion range due to freshwater salinization. Our previous studies have shown that high salinity leads to the accumulation of serum lipid content, which may induce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in the turtle. To better understand whether ERS is triggered by salinity, and in turn whether the turtles promote the protection mechanism, we exposed the turtles to the freshwater (CK), 5‰ salinity water (S5) and 15‰ salinity water (S15), and sampled at 6 h, 24 h and 30 d. 13 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to ERS pathways were found in the comparison of CK vs. S15 by transcriptomics analysis. Then, the mRNA and protein expression of ERS and its related activation pathways were further investigated. ERS marker glucose regulated protein 78 kD (GRP78) increased significantly (p < 0.05) in both the transcript and protein levels after exposure to 15‰ salinity water, which clearly indicated that salinity could induce ERS in T. s. elegans. Meanwhile, the three unfolded protein response (UPR) including transducers protein kinase RNA (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6) were promoted by salinity, suggesting that the turtle might promote physiological process to eliminate damaged cells and cope with unfolded proteins accumulation induced by ERS. Our results provide new insight into the mechanism of salinity adaptation in T. s. elegans and salt-tolerant biological invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Zubin Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Li Ding
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| | - Haitao Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Meiling Hong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
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29
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Chen Q, Fang W, Cui K, Chen Q, Xiang X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Mai K, Ai Q. Endoplasmic reticulum stress induces hepatic steatosis by transcriptional upregulating lipid droplet protein perilipin2. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21900. [PMID: 34547130 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100739rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to hepatic steatosis in several manners. However, how lipid droplet (LD) proteins participate in this process has rarely been reported. In the present study, ER stress was induced at both in vitro and in vivo levels with tunicamycin in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Effects of LD protein perilipin2 (PLIN2) on hepatic lipid accumulation and lipoprotein transport under normal physiological condition and ER stress were then explored using dsRNA mediated knockdown. Subsequently, the transcriptional regulation of plin2 expression by transcription factors generated in the unfolded protein response (UPR) was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility-shift assay. We demonstrated that ER stress could promote LDs accumulation and inhibit lipoprotein transport by transcriptionally upregulating PLIN2 in liver. Among the transcription factors generated by UPR, spliced X-box binding protein1 can directly upregulated the expression of plin2, whereas C/EBP homologous protein can upregulate the expression of plin2 through peroxisome proliferator activated-receptor α. These results revealed that the LD protein PLIN2 played an important role in ER stress-induced hepatic steatosis, which might be a novel mechanism explaining hepatic steatosis triggered by ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuchi Chen
- Key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Fang
- Key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Cui
- Key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzhi Zhang
- Key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqiang Zhang
- Key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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30
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Intertwined and Finely Balanced: Endoplasmic Reticulum Morphology, Dynamics, Function, and Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092341. [PMID: 34571990 PMCID: PMC8472773 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that is responsible for many essential subcellular processes. Interconnected narrow tubules at the periphery and thicker sheet-like regions in the perinuclear region are linked to the nuclear envelope. It is becoming apparent that the complex morphology and dynamics of the ER are linked to its function. Mutations in the proteins involved in regulating ER structure and movement are implicated in many diseases including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The ER is also hijacked by pathogens to promote their replication. Bacteria such as Legionella pneumophila and Chlamydia trachomatis, as well as the Zika virus, bind to ER morphology and dynamics-regulating proteins to exploit the functions of the ER to their advantage. This review covers our understanding of ER morphology, including the functional subdomains and membrane contact sites that the organelle forms. We also focus on ER dynamics and the current efforts to quantify ER motion and discuss the diseases related to ER morphology and dynamics.
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31
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Hao L, Zhong YM, Tan CP, Mao ZW. Quantitative tracking of endoplasmic reticulum viscosity during ferroptosis by an iridium complex via TPPLM. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5040-5042. [PMID: 33881416 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01062j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a neutral iridium complex, [Ir(4-(2-pyridinyl)benzaldehyde)2(acetylacetone)] (Ir-ER), with viscosity-responsive phosphorescent emission intensity and lifetime. Quantitative measurement by two-photon phosphorescent lifetime imaging shows that the viscosity of ER increases significantly in the process of erastin-induced ferroptosis. Our work provides an effective strategy for quantitative measurement of the micro-environmental alternations of subcellular organelles during a specific cell death process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Yan-Mei Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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32
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Dymek AM, Pecio A, Piprek RP. Diversity of Balbiani body formation in internally and externally fertilizing representatives of Osteoglossiformes (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha). J Morphol 2021; 282:1313-1329. [PMID: 34145919 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
During the early stages of oogenesis, the Balbiani body is formed in the primary oocytes. It consists of the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and numerous mitochondria aggregated with germ plasm, but its form may differ among animals. Hypothetically, during oogenesis oocytes become adapted to future development in two different environments depending on internal or external fertilization. We aimed to investigate, using light and transmission electron microscopy, the development of the Balbiani body during oogenesis in representatives of Osteoglossiformes, one of the most basal Teleostei groups. We analyzed the structure of oogonia and primary oocytes in the internally fertilizing butterflyfish Pantodon buchholzi and the externally fertilizing Osteoglossum bicirrhosum and Arapaima gigas to compare formation of the Balbiani body in relation to modes of fertilization. We demonstrated that the presence of the germ plasm as well as the fusion and fission of mitochondria are the conserved features of the Bb. However, each species exhibited also some peculiar features, including the presence of three types of ooplasm with different electron density and mitochondria-associated membranes in P. buchholzi; annulate lamellae, complexes of the Golgi apparatus, ER network, and lysosome-like bodies in O. bicirrhosum; as well as karmellae and whorls formed by the lamellae of the ER in A. gigas. Moreover, the form of the germ plasm observed in close contact with mitochondria differed between osteoglossiforms, with a "net-like" structure in P. buchholzi, the presence of numerous strings in O. bicirrhosum, and irregular accumulations in A. gigas. These unique features indicate that the extreme diversity of gamete structure observed so far only in the spermatozoa of osteoglossiforms is also characteristic for oocyte development in these basal teleosts. Possible reason of this variability is a period of about 150 million years of independent evolution of the lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Dymek
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Pecio
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Rafal P Piprek
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
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Mustapha S, Mohammed M, Azemi AK, Yunusa I, Shehu A, Mustapha L, Wada Y, Ahmad MH, Ahmad WANW, Rasool AHG, Mokhtar SS. Potential Roles of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Cellular Proteins Implicated in Diabesity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8830880. [PMID: 33995826 PMCID: PMC8099518 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8830880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has evolved from protein synthesis, processing, and other secretory pathways to forming a foundation for lipid biosynthesis and other metabolic functions. Maintaining ER homeostasis is essential for normal cellular function and survival. An imbalance in the ER implied stressful conditions such as metabolic distress, which activates a protective process called unfolded protein response (UPR). This response is activated through some canonical branches of ER stress, i.e., the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Therefore, chronic hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, increased proinflammatory cytokines, and free fatty acids (FFAs) found in diabesity (a pathophysiological link between obesity and diabetes) could lead to ER stress. However, limited data exist regarding ER stress and its association with diabesity, particularly the implicated proteins and molecular mechanisms. Thus, this review highlights the role of ER stress in relation to some proteins involved in diabesity pathogenesis and provides insight into possible pathways that could serve as novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagir Mustapha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Mustapha Mohammed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Ahmad Khusairi Azemi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ismaeel Yunusa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina, College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Aishatu Shehu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Lukman Mustapha
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Yusuf Wada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Zoology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Mubarak Hussaini Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
- School of Pharmacy Technician, Aminu Dabo College of Health Sciences and Technology, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad
- Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Safiah Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Sandor A, Fricker MD, Kriechbaumer V, Sweetlove LJ. IntEResting structures: formation and applications of organized smooth endoplasmic reticulum in plant cells. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:550-561. [PMID: 33822222 PMCID: PMC8892044 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle with remarkable plasticity, capable of rapidly changing its structure to accommodate different functions based on intra- and extracellular cues. One of the ER structures observed in plants is known as "organized smooth endoplasmic reticulum" (OSER), consisting of symmetrically stacked ER membrane arrays. In plants, these structures were first described in certain specialized tissues, e.g. the sieve elements of the phloem, and more recently in transgenic plants overexpressing ER membrane resident proteins. To date, much of the investigation of OSER focused on yeast and animal cells but research into plant OSER has started to grow. In this update, we give a succinct overview of research into the OSER phenomenon in plant cells with case studies highlighting both native and synthetic occurrences of OSER. We also assess the primary driving forces that trigger the formation of OSER, collating evidence from the literature to compare two competing theories for the origin of OSER: that OSER formation is initiated by oligomerizing protein accumulation in the ER membrane or that OSER is the result of ER membrane proliferation. This has long been a source of controversy in the field and here we suggest a way to integrate arguments from both sides into a single unifying theory. Finally, we discuss the potential biotechnological uses of OSER as a tool for the nascent plant synthetic biology field with possible applications as a synthetic microdomain for metabolic engineering and as an extensive membrane surface for synthetic chemistry or protein accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Sandor
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Mark D Fricker
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Verena Kriechbaumer
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Lee J Sweetlove
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
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A virtuous cycle operated by ERp44 and ERGIC-53 guarantees proteostasis in the early secretory compartment. iScience 2021; 24:102244. [PMID: 33763635 PMCID: PMC7973864 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition of the secretome depends on the combined action of cargo receptors that facilitate protein transport and sequential checkpoints that restrict it to native conformers. Acting after endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperones, ERp44 retrieves its clients from downstream compartments. To guarantee efficient quality control, ERp44 should exit the ER as rapidly as its clients, or more. Here, we show that appending ERp44 to different cargo proteins increases their secretion rates. ERp44 binds the cargo receptor ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC)-53 in the ER to negotiate preferential loading into COPII vesicles. Silencing ERGIC-53, or competing for its COPII binding with 4-phenylbutyrate, causes secretion of Prdx4, an enzyme that relies on ERp44 for intracellular localization. In more acidic, zinc-rich downstream compartments, ERGIC-53 releases its clients and ERp44, which can bind and retrieve non-native conformers via KDEL receptors. By coupling the transport of cargoes and inspector proteins, cells ensure efficiency and fidelity of secretion.
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36
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Xu YH, Xu YC, Hogstrand C, Zhao T, Wu LX, Zhuo MQ, Luo Z. Waterborne copper exposure up-regulated lipid deposition through the methylation of GRP78 and PGC1α of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111089. [PMID: 32810645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Early molecular events after the exposure of heavy metals, such as aberrant DNA methylation, suggest that DNA methylation was important in regulating physiological processes for animals and accordingly could be used as environmental biomarkers. In the present study, we found that copper (Cu) exposure increased lipid content and induced the DNA hypermethylation at the whole genome level. Especially, Cu induced hypermethylation of glucose-regulated protein 78 (grp78) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (pgc1α). CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) could bind to the methylated sequence of grp78, whereas C/EBPβ could not bind to the methylated sequence of grp78. These synergistically influenced grp78 expression and increased lipogenesis. In contrast, DNA methylation of PGC1α blocked the specific protein 1 (SP1) binding and interfered mitochondrial function. Moreover, Cu increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and damaged mitochondrial function, and accordingly increased lipid deposition. Notably, we found a new toxicological mechanism for Cu-induced lipid deposition at DNA methylation level. The measurement of DNA methylation facilitated the use of these epigenetic biomarkers for the evaluation of environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Huan Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi-Chuang Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Tao Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li-Xiang Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mei-Qin Zhuo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Almeida C, Amaral MD. A central role of the endoplasmic reticulum in the cell emerges from its functional contact sites with multiple organelles. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4729-4745. [PMID: 32313974 PMCID: PMC11104799 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03523-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Early eukaryotic cells emerged from the compartmentalization of metabolic processes into specific organelles through the development of an endomembrane system (ES), a precursor of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which was essential for their survival. Recently, substantial evidence emerged on how organelles communicate among themselves and with the plasma membrane (PM) through contact sites (CSs). From these studies, the ER-the largest single structure in eukaryotic cells-emerges as a central player communicating with all organelles to coordinate cell functions and respond to external stimuli to maintain cellular homeostasis. Herein we review the functional insights into the ER-CSs with other organelles in a physiological perspective. We hypothesize that, in addition to the primitive role by the ES in the appearance of proto-eukaryotes, its successor-the ER-emerges as the key coordinator of inter-organelle/PM communication. The ER thus appears to be the 'maestro' driving eukaryotic cell evolution by incorporating new functions/organelles, while remaining the real coordinator overarching cellular functions and orchestrating them with the external milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Almeida
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, C8 bdg, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, C8 bdg, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Wang T, Zhao Y, You Z, Li X, Xiong M, Li H, Yan N. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Affects Cholesterol Homeostasis by Inhibiting LXRα Expression in Hepatocytes and Macrophages. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103088. [PMID: 33050595 PMCID: PMC7601278 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the most common cardiovascular disease, and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) plays an important role in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis. Both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and LXRα can affect the metabolism of cholesterol. However, whether ER stress can modulate cholesterol metabolism by LXRα in hepatocytes and macrophages remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between ER stress induced by tunicamycin and LXRα in hepatocytes and macrophages and clarify their possible mechanisms and roles in AS. C57BL/6 mice and Huh-7 and THP-1 cells were treated with tunicamycin and LXR-623 (an agonist of LXRα) alone or in combination. Tunicamycin-induced ER stress caused liver injury; promoted the accumulation of cholesterol and triglycerides; inhibited the expression of LXRα, ABCA1 and ABCG1 in the livers of mice, thus reducing serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels; however, LXR-623 could attenuate ER stress and reverse these changes. We also obtained the same results in Huh-7 and THP-1 cells. ER stress induced by tunicamycin could clearly be reversed by activating LXRα because it promoted cholesterol efflux by enhancing the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in hepatocytes and macrophages, contributing to attenuation of the development of AS.
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Li Y, Zhang J, Zhou K, Xie L, Xiang G, Fang M, Han W, Wang X, Xiao J. Elevating sestrin2 attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress and improves functional recovery through autophagy activation after spinal cord injury. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 37:401-419. [PMID: 32740777 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09550-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological trauma that causes losses of motor and sensory function. Sestrin2, also known as hypoxia inducible gene 95, is emerging as a critical determinant of cell homeostasis in response to cellular stress. However, the role of sestrin2 in the neuronal response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the potential mechanism remain undefined. In this study, we investigated the effects of sestrin2 on ER stress and delineated an underlying molecular mechanism after SCI. Here, we found that elevated sestrin2 is a protective process in neurons against chemical ER stress induced by tunicamycin (TM) or traumatic invasion, while treatment with PERK inhibitor or knockdown of ATF4 reduces sestrin2 expression upon ER stress. In addition, we demonstrated that overexpression of sestrin2 limits ER stress, promoting neuronal survival and improving functional recovery after SCI, which is associated with activation of autophagy and restoration of autophagic flux mediated by sestrin2. Moreover, we also found that sestrin2 activates autophagy dependent on the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway. Consistently, inhibition of AMPK abrogates the effect of sestrin2 on the activation of autophagy, and blockage of autophagic flux abolishes the effect of sestrin2 on limiting ER stress and neural death. Together, our data reveal that upregulation of sestrin2 is an important resistance mechanism of neurons to ER stress and the potential role of sestrin2 as a therapeutic target for SCI. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Xie
- Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangheng Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingqiao Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Han
- Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China. .,Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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Yamanaka T, Nishiyama R, Shimogori T, Nukina N. Proteomics-Based Approach Identifies Altered ER Domain Properties by ALS-Linked VAPB Mutation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7610. [PMID: 32376919 PMCID: PMC7203144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An ER transmembrane protein, vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B (VAPB), binds to several organelle-resident membrane proteins to mediate ER-organelle tethering. Mutation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) induces protein misfolding and aggregation, leading to ER disorganization. Gain or loss of function is suggested for VAPB mutation, however comprehensive study focusing on VAPB-ER domain has yet been performed. We here conducted proteomic characterization of the ER containing VAPB and its ALS-linked P56S mutant. For this purpose, we first optimized the proteomics of different ER domains immuno-isolated from cultured cells, and identified ER sheet- and tubule-specific proteomes. By using these as references, we found that VAPB-ER proteome had intermediate ER domain properties but its tubular property was specifically decreased by its mutation. Biochemical, immunofluorescence and proximity ligation assays suggested this was mediated by delocalization of VAPB from ER tubules. The VAPB-ER proteomics further suggested reduced incorporation of multiple proteins located in different organelles, which was confirmed by proximity ligation assay. Taken together, our proteomics-based approach indicates altered ER domain properties and impaired ER-organelle tethering by VAPB mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Doshisha University Graduate School of Brain Science, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Risa Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Doshisha University Graduate School of Brain Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomomi Shimogori
- Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Development, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nukina
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Doshisha University Graduate School of Brain Science, Kyoto, Japan.
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Su H, Fan C, Liao Z, Yang C, Clarke JL, Zhang Y, Su J. Grass Carp Reovirus Major Outer Capsid Protein VP4 Interacts with RNA Sensor RIG-I to Suppress Interferon Response. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040560. [PMID: 32268551 PMCID: PMC7226501 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases caused by viruses threaten the production industry and food safety of aquaculture which is a great animal protein source. Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) has caused tremendous loss, and the molecular function of viral proteins during infection needs further research, as for most aquatic viruses. In this study, interaction between GCRV major outer capsid protein VP4 and RIG-I, a critical viral RNA sensor, was screened out by GST pull-down, endogenous immunoprecipitation and subsequent LC-MS/MS, and then verified by co-IP and an advanced far-red fluorescence complementation system. VP4 was proved to bind to the CARD and RD domains of RIG-I and promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of RIG-I to degrade RIG-I. VP4 reduced mRNA and promoter activities of key genes of RLR pathway and sequential IFN production. As a consequence, antiviral effectors were suppressed and GCRV replication increased, resulting in intensified cytopathic effect. Furthermore, results of transcriptome sequencing of VP4 stably expressed CIK (C. idella kidney) cells indicated that VP4 activated the MyD88-dependent TLR pathway. Knockdown of VP4 obtained opposite effects. These results collectively revealed that VP4 interacts with RIG-I to restrain interferon response and assist GCRV invasion. This study lays the foundation for anti-dsRNA virus molecular function research in teleost and provides a novel insight into the strategy of immune evasion for aquatic virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.S.); (C.F.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Norwegian Institute for Bioeconomy Research, 1430 Ås, Norway;
| | - Chengjian Fan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.S.); (C.F.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.S.); (C.F.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chunrong Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan,430070, China;
| | | | - Yongan Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.S.); (C.F.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jianguo Su
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.S.); (C.F.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-27-87282227
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Catestatin improves insulin sensitivity by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress: In vivo and in silico validation. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:464-481. [PMID: 32180905 PMCID: PMC7063178 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An endogenous peptide catestatin alleviates obesity-induced ER stress. Alleviation of ER stress by catestatin improves insulin sensitivity. PID controller based model of ER stress is supported by experimental findings. It predicts AKT phosphorylation achieves insulin sensitivity overcoming ER stress.
Obesity is characterized by a state of chronic, unresolved inflammation in insulin-targeted tissues. Obesity-induced inflammation causes accumulation of proinflammatory macrophages in adipose tissue and liver. Proinflammatory cytokines released from tissue macrophages inhibits insulin sensitivity. Obesity also leads to inflammation-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and insulin resistance. In this scenario, based on the data (specifically patterns) generated by our in vivo experiments on both diet-induced obese (DIO) and normal chow diet (NCD) mice, we developed an in silico state space model to integrate ER stress and insulin signaling pathways. Computational results successfully followed the experimental results for both DIO and NCD conditions. Chromogranin A (CgA) peptide catestatin (CST: hCgA352-372) improves obesity-induced hepatic insulin resistance by reducing inflammation and inhibiting proinflammatory macrophage infiltration. We reasoned that the anti-inflammatory effects of CST would alleviate ER stress. CST decreased obesity-induced ER dilation in hepatocytes and macrophages. On application of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers on the in silico model, we checked whether the reduction of phosphorylated PERK resulting in attenuation of ER stress, resembling CST effect, could enhance insulin sensitivity. The simulation results clearly pointed out that CST not only decreased ER stress but also enhanced insulin sensitivity in mammalian cells. In vivo experiment validated the simulation results by depicting that CST caused decrease in phosphorylation of UPR signaling molecules and increased phosphorylation of insulin signaling molecules. Besides simulation results predicted that enhancement of AKT phosphorylation helps in both overcoming ER stress and achieving insulin sensitivity. These effects of CST were verified in hepatocyte culture model.
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Daniele JR, Higuchi-Sanabria R, Durieux J, Monshietehadi S, Ramachandran V, Tronnes SU, Kelet N, Sanchez M, Metcalf MG, Garcia G, Frankino PA, Benitez C, Zeng M, Esping DJ, Joe L, Dillin A. UPR ER promotes lipophagy independent of chaperones to extend life span. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz1441. [PMID: 31911951 PMCID: PMC6938708 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Longevity is dictated by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. One of the key mechanisms to regulate life-span extension is the induction of protein chaperones for protein homeostasis. Ectopic activation of the unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum (UPRER) specifically in neurons is sufficient to enhance organismal stress resistance and extend life span. Here, we find that this activation not only promotes chaperones but also facilitates ER restructuring and ER function. This restructuring is concomitant with lipid depletion through lipophagy. Activation of lipophagy is distinct from chaperone induction and is required for the life-span extension found in this paradigm. Last, we find that overexpression of the lipophagy component, ehbp-1, is sufficient to deplete lipids, remodel ER, and promote life span. Therefore, UPR induction in neurons triggers two distinct programs in the periphery: the proteostasis arm through protein chaperones and metabolic changes through lipid depletion mediated by EH domain binding protein 1 (EHBP-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R. Daniele
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Ryo Higuchi-Sanabria
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Jenni Durieux
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Samira Monshietehadi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Vidhya Ramachandran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Genetic Sciences Division, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA
| | - Sarah U. Tronnes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Naame Kelet
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Melissa Sanchez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Melissa G. Metcalf
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Gilberto Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Phillip A. Frankino
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Camila Benitez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Mandy Zeng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Daniel J. Esping
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Larry Joe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Lin Z, Zhou J, Cortez-Jugo C, Han Y, Ma Y, Pan S, Hanssen E, Richardson JJ, Caruso F. Ordered Mesoporous Metal–Phenolic Network Particles. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:335-341. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Lin
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jiajing Zhou
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Christina Cortez-Jugo
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yiyuan Han
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yutian Ma
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shuaijun Pan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Advanced Microscopy Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Joseph J. Richardson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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The role of mitochondria-associated membranes in cellular homeostasis and diseases. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 350:119-196. [PMID: 32138899 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are fundamental in the control of cell physiology regulating several signal transduction pathways. They continuously communicate exchanging messages in their contact sites called MAMs (mitochondria-associated membranes). MAMs are specific microdomains acting as a platform for the sorting of vital and dangerous signals. In recent years increasing evidence reported that multiple scaffold proteins and regulatory factors localize to this subcellular fraction suggesting MAMs as hotspot signaling domains. In this review we describe the current knowledge about MAMs' dynamics and processes, which provided new correlations between MAMs' dysfunctions and human diseases. In fact, MAMs machinery is strictly connected with several pathologies, like neurodegeneration, diabetes and mainly cancer. These pathological events are characterized by alterations in the normal communication between ER and mitochondria, leading to deep metabolic defects that contribute to the progression of the diseases.
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Daquila BV, Scudeler EL, Dossi FCA, Moreira DR, Pamphile JA, Conte H. Action of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) in the midgut of the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109642. [PMID: 31539808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The relevance of Bacillus thuringiensis in pest control strategies have been increasing in recent decades. This entomopathogenic microorganism is considered safe, and its action is highly selective to target organisms. Its toxic effect is attributed to the toxins synthesized during sporulation. The nature of the produced toxins depends on the bacterial variety. Some varieties of B. thuringiensis can synthesize from one to eight distinct toxins, which have specific effects on different orders of susceptible insects. The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, is a holometabolous lepidopteran that causes severe damage to sugar cane cultures during its larval phase. Therefore, to evaluate B. thuringiensis serovar Aizawai GC-91 efficiency and its effects on the midgut of first instar D. saccharalis larvae, we reared the insects with contaminated artificial diet for 144 h. Larvae mortality during this period revealed that 5, 10, and 20 g/L concentrations were the most efficient, resulting in 100% mortality of treated larvae, with LC50 and LC90 estimated at 0.307 and 1.330 g/L, respectively. Furthermore, histological and ultrastructural analyses revealed damage to midgut cells. Within the first 24 h of treatment, the midgut of infected insects presented peritrophic membrane degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and cellular hypertrophy; spherites and calcium granules were also observed. At 48 h of treatment, the digestive system had collapsed, with microvilli degeneration, basement membrane and muscular fiber bundles disruption, and cellular lysis. These results confirm the toxicity of the B. thuringiensis serovar Aizawai GC-91 on D. saccharalis larvae and its potential use as a biocontroller against this pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Vinicius Daquila
- Laboratory of Biological Control, Morphology and Insect Cytogenetics, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Elton Luiz Scudeler
- Laboratory of Insects, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Fábio Cleisto Alda Dossi
- Microscopy Center, Complex of Research Support Centers of the State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Daiani Rodrigues Moreira
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - João Alencar Pamphile
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Helio Conte
- Laboratory of Biological Control, Morphology and Insect Cytogenetics, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil.
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Dong C, Tu W, He M, Fu J, Kobayashi A, Konishi T, Shao C. Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondrion in Proton Microbeam Radiation-Induced Bystander Effect. Radiat Res 2019; 193:63-72. [PMID: 31714866 DOI: 10.1667/rr15469.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) play important roles in radiation response, but their functions in radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) are largely unclear. In this study, we found that when a small portion of cells in a population of human lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells were precisely irradiated through either the nuclei or cytoplasm with counted microbeam protons, the yield of micronuclei (MN) and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in nonirradiated cells neighboring irradiated cells were significantly increased. Mito/ER-tracker staining demonstrated that the mitochondria were clearly activated after nuclear irradiation and ER mass approached a higher level after cytoplasmic irradiation. Moreover, the radiation-induced ROS was diminished by rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondria activation, but it was not influenced by siRNA interference of BiP, an ER regulation protein. While for nuclear irradiation, rotenone-enhanced radiation-induced ER expression, and BiP siRNA eliminated radiation-induced activation of mitochondria, these phenomena were not observed for cytoplasmic irradiation. Bystander MN was reduced by rotenone but enhanced by BiP siRNA. When the cells were treated with both rotenone and BiP siRNA, the MN yield was reduced for nuclear irradiation but was enhanced for cytoplasmic irradiation. Our results suggest that the organelles of mitochondria and ER have different roles in RIBE with respect to nuclear and cytoplasmic irradiation, and the function of ER is a prerequisite for mitochondrial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dong
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenzhi Tu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mingyuan He
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiamei Fu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Alisa Kobayashi
- Department of Accelerator and Medical Physics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences
| | - Teruaki Konishi
- Department of Single Cell Radiation Biology Group, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Chunlin Shao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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48
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Ling SC, Wu K, Zhang DG, Luo Z. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Autophagy and Apoptosis Alleviate Dietary Fat-Induced Triglyceride Accumulation in the Intestine and in Isolated Intestinal Epithelial Cells of Yellow Catfish. J Nutr 2019; 149:1732-1741. [PMID: 31204781 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestine is the main organ for absorbing dietary fat. High dietary lipid intake leads to fat deposition in the intestine and adversely influences fat absorption and health, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. OBJECTIVES We used yellow catfish and their isolated intestinal epithelial cells to test the hypothesis that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy, and apoptosis mediate fat-induced changes in lipid metabolism. METHODS Male and female yellow catfish (weight: 3.79 ± 0.16 g; age: 3 mo) were fed diets containing lipid at 6.98% (low-fat diet; LFD), 11.3% (middle-fat diet; MFD), or 15.4% (high-fat diet; HFD) (by weight) for 8 wk. Each dietary group had 3 replicates, 30 fish per replicate. Their intestinal epithelial cells were isolated and incubated for 24 h in control solution or various concentrations of fatty acids (FAs) with or without 2-h pretreatment with an inhibitor [3-methyladenine (3-MA), 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA), or Ac-DVED-CHO (AC)]. Triglyceride (TG) contents, genes, and enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis were determined in intestinal tissue and cells; immunoblotting, BODIPY 493/503 staining, ultrastructural observation, and the detection of autophagic and apoptotic vesicles were performed on intestinal cells. RESULTS Compared with the LFD and MFD, the HFD increased intestinal TG content by 120-226%, activities of lipogenic enzymes by 19.0-245%, expression of genes related to lipogenesis (0.77-8.4-fold), lipolysis (0.36-6.0-fold), FA transport proteins (0.79-1.7-fold), ER stress (0.55-7.5-fold), autophagy (0.56-4.2-fold), and apoptosis (0.80-5.2-fold). Using isolated intestinal epithelial cells and inhibitors (4-PBA, 3-MA, and AC), we found that ER stress mediated FA-induced activation of autophagy (11.0-50.1%) and apoptosis (10.4-32.0%), and lipophagy and apoptosis mediated FA-induced lipolysis (3.40-41.6%). CONCLUSIONS An HFD upregulated lipogenesis, lipolysis, and FA transport, induced ER stress, and activated autophagy and apoptosis. ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis play important regulatory roles in fat-induced changes in lipid metabolism in the intestine and intestinal epithelial cells of yellow catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Cheng Ling
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dian-Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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49
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Luchetti F, Crinelli R, Nasoni MG, Cesarini E, Canonico B, Guidi L, Zerbinati C, Magnani M, Papa S, Iuliano L. Secosterol-B affects endoplasmic reticulum structure in endothelial cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 190:234-241. [PMID: 30991093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxysterols, oxidized derivatives of cholesterol found in LDL and atherosclerotic plaques, trigger several biological responses involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction, which occurs when vascular homeostasis is altered, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of several metabolic diseases. The contribution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to endothelial disfunction is a relatively recent area of investigation. There is a well-established link between LDL oxidation and ER stress but the role played by specific products of lipid oxidation into this interaction is still to be defined. The present study shows that secosterol-B (SEC-B), 3β-hydroxy-5β-hydroxy-B-norcholestane-6βcarboxaldehyde, a cholesterol autoxidation product recently identified in the atherosclerotic plaque, is able to induce ER stress in HUVEC cells, as revealed by significant expansion and change of structure. At low doses, i.e. 1 and 5 μM, cells try to cope with this stress by activating autophagy and the ubiquitin proteasome system in the attempt to restore ER function. However, at higher doses, i.e. 20 μM, cell apoptosis occurs in a pathway that involves early phosphorylation of eIF2α and NF-kB activation, suggesting that the adaptive program fails and the cell activates the apoptotic program. These findings provide additional insight about the role of oxysterols in endothelial dysfunction and its potential involvement in atherosclerotic pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Luchetti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Rita Crinelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Maria Gemma Nasoni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Erica Cesarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Barbara Canonico
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Loretta Guidi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Chiara Zerbinati
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Stefano Papa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Luigi Iuliano
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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50
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Zhang DG, Cheng J, Tai ZP, Luo Z. Identification of five genes in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-apoptosis pathways in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and their transcriptional responses to dietary lipid levels. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:1117-1127. [PMID: 30847627 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3), growth arrest, and DNA damage-inducible protein 34 (GADD34), endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin 1α (ERO1α), and tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2) cDNAs were first characterized from yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Compared to corresponding genes of mammals, all of these proteins shared similar conserved domains. Their mRNAs were widely expressed in various tissues, but at variable levels. Dietary lipid levels did not significantly influence ATF4 mRNA expression. mRNA expression of DDIT3 and GADD34 was highest for fish fed the low-lipid diets and lowest for fish fed middle-lipid diets. The mRNA levels of ERO1α and TRAF2 declined with increasing dietary lipid levels. For the first time, we characterized the full-length cDNA sequences of ATF4, DDIT3, GADD34, ERO1α, and TRAF2 and determined their tissue expression profiles and transcriptional responses to dietary lipid levels, which would contribute to our exploration into their biological functions, and providing new insights on relations between ER stress and lipid metabolism in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Guang Zhang
- Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Tai
- Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 43000, China.
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