1
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Qin J, Chen Y, Zhao X, Yu J. circCUL3 drives malignant progression of cervical cancer by activating autophagy through sponge miR-223-3p upregulation of ATG7. Gene 2024; 925:148572. [PMID: 38759738 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) has emerged as a pivotal regulatory factor in cancer biology, yet its exact role in cervical cancer remains incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the functional role of circCUL3 in cervical cancer and explored its potential as a therapeutic target. Functional gain and loss experiments were conducted in Hela and Siha cell lines to elucidate the biological functions of circCUL3 in cervical cancer. The results revealed that circCUL3 overexpression significantly enhanced cell viability, migration, and invasion while suppressing apoptosis, while circCUL3 knockout displayed the opposite effects. Mechanistically, we identified hsa-miR-223-3p as a target of circCUL3, with its expression being negatively regulated by circCUL3. Furthermore, we discovered that circCUL3 could sequester miR-223-3p, leading to the upregulation of ATG7 expression, and this was linked to the regulation of autophagy in cervical cancer cells. In vivo validation using a xenograft mouse model further supported our in vitro findings. Notably, we found that chloroquine (CQ), an autophagy inhibitor, restored miR-223-3p expression and counteracted the oncogenic effect of circCUL3 overexpression. In conclusion, circCUL3 potentially contributes to the malignant progression of cervical cancer by acting as a sponge for miR-223-3p, resulting in the upregulation of ATG7 and the activation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Qin
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingmin Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Jahanian S, Pareja-Cajiao M, Gransee HM, Sieck GC, Mantilla CB. Autophagy markers LC3 and p62 in aging lumbar motor neurons. Exp Gerontol 2024; 194:112483. [PMID: 38885913 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a ubiquitous process through which damaged cytoplasmic structures are recycled and degraded within cells. Aging can affect autophagy regulation in different steps leading to the accumulation of damaged organelles and proteins, which can contribute to cell dysfunction and death. Motor neuron (MN) loss and sarcopenia are prominent features of neuromuscular aging. Previous studies on phrenic MNs showed increased levels of the autophagy proteins LC3 and p62 in 24 month compared to 6 month old mice, consistent with the onset of diaphragm muscle sarcopenia. In the present study, we hypothesized that aging leads to increased expression of the autophagy markers LC3 and p62 in single lumbar MNs. Expression of LC3 and p62 in lumbar MNs (spinal levels L1-L6) was assessed using immunofluorescence and confocal imaging of male and female mice at 6, 18 and 24 months of age, reflecting 100 %, 90 % and 75 % survival, respectively. A mixed linear model with animal as a random effect was used to compare relative LC3 and p62 expression in choline acetyl transferase-positive MNs across age groups. Expression of LC3 and p62 decreased in the white matter of the lumbar spinal cord with aging, with ~29 % decrease in LC3 and ~ 7 % decrease in p62 expression at 24 months of age compared to 6 months of age. There was no change in LC3 or p62 expression in the gray matter with age. LC3 expression in MNs relative to white matter increased significantly with age, with 150 % increase at 24 months of age compared to 6 months of age. Similarly, p62 expression in MNs relative to white matter increased significantly with age, with ~14 % increase at 24 months of age compared to 6 months of age. No effect of sex or MN pool was observed in LC3 and p62 expression in MNs. Overall, these data suggest autophagy impairment during elongation (increased LC3) and degradation (increased p62) phases with aging in lumbar MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Jahanian
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Miguel Pareja-Cajiao
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Heather M Gransee
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Gary C Sieck
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Carlos B Mantilla
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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3
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Wei F, Wang Y, Yao J, Mei L, Huang X, Kong H, Chen J, Chen X, Liu L, Wang Z, Wang J, Song J, Kong E, Yang A. ZDHHC7-mediated S-palmitoylation of ATG16L1 facilitates LC3 lipidation and autophagosome formation. Autophagy 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39087410 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2386915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a fundamental cellular catabolic process that delivers cytoplasmic components into double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes, which then fuse with lysosomes and their contents are degraded. Autophagy recycles cytoplasmic components, including misfolded proteins, dysfunctional organelles and even microbial invaders, thereby playing an essential role in development, immunity and cell death. Autophagosome formation is the main step in autophagy, which is governed by a set of ATG (autophagy related) proteins. ATG16L1 interacts with ATG12-ATG5 conjugate to form an ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 complex. The complex acts as a ubiquitin-like E3 ligase that catalyzes the lipidation of MAP1LC3/LC3 (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3), which is crucial for autophagosome formation. In the present study, we found that ATG16L1 was subject to S-palmitoylation on cysteine 153, which was catalyzed by ZDHHC7 (zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 7). We observed that re-expressing ATG16L1 but not the S-palmitoylation-deficient mutant ATG16L1C153S rescued a defect in the lipidation of LC3 and the formation of autophagosomes in ATG16L1-KO (knockout) HeLa cells. Furthermore, increasing ATG16L1 S-palmitoylation by ZDHHC7 expression promoted the production of LC3-II, whereas reducing ATG16L1 S-palmitoylation by ZDHHC7 deletion inhibited the LC3 lipidation process and autophagosome formation. Mechanistically, the addition of a hydrophobic 16-carbon palmitoyl group on Cys153 residue of ATG16L1 enhances the formation of ATG16L1-WIPI2B complex and ATG16L1-RAB33B complex on phagophore, thereby facilitating the LC3 lipidation process and autophagosome formation. In conclusion, S-palmitoylation of ATG16L1 is essential for the lipidation process of LC3 and the formation of autophagosomes. Our research uncovers a new regulatory mechanism of ATG16L1 function in autophagy.Abbreviation: ABE: acyl-biotin exchange; ATG: autophagy related; Baf-A1: bafilomycin A1; 2-BP: 2-bromopalmitate; CCD: coiled-coil domain; co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; CQ: chloroquine; EBSS: Earle's balanced salt solution; HAM: hydroxylamine; KO: knockout; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; NP-40: Nonidet P-40; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PtdIns3K-C1: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I; PTM: post-translational modification; RAB33B: RAB33B, member RAS oncogene family; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1; SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscope; WD: tryptophan and aspartic acid; WIPI2B: WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2B; WT: wild-type; ZDHHC: zinc finger DHHC-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujing Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ligang Mei
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hesheng Kong
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Henan Health Commission Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuolin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiong Song
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Eryan Kong
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Henan Health Commission Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Aimin Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Hoffmann ME, Jacomin AC, Popovic D, Kalina D, Covarrubias-Pinto A, Dikic I. TBC1D2B undergoes phase separation and mediates autophagy initiation. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30481. [PMID: 38226533 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-like modifiers from the ATG8 family regulate autophagy initiation and progression in mammalian cells. Their interaction with LC3-interacting region (LIR) containing proteins promotes cargo sequestration, phagophore assembly, or even fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes. Previously, we have shown that RabGAP proteins from the TBC family directly bind to LC3/GABARAP proteins. In the present study, we focus on the function of TBC1D2B. We show that TBC1D2B contains a functional canonical LIR motif and acts at an early stage of autophagy by binding to both LC3/GABARAP and ATG12 conjugation complexes. Subsequently, TBC1D2B is degraded by autophagy. TBC1D2B condensates into liquid droplets upon autophagy induction. Our study suggests that phase separation is an underlying mechanism of TBC1D2B-dependent autophagy induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina E Hoffmann
- Molecular Signaling Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anne-Claire Jacomin
- Molecular Signaling Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Doris Popovic
- Molecular Signaling Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Kalina
- Molecular Signaling Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Goethe University Clinic Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Adriana Covarrubias-Pinto
- Molecular Signaling Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Molecular Signaling Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Molecular Signaling Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Fraunhofer Institute of Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
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5
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Zhang J, Sun W, Kuang S, Gan Q, Li H, Ma H, Yang G, Guo J, Tang Y, Yuan W. miR-130b-3p involved in the pathogenesis of age-related hearing loss via targeting PPARγ and autophagy. Hear Res 2024; 449:109029. [PMID: 38820739 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.109029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The study focuses on the underlying regulatory mechanism of age-related hearing loss (ARHL), which results from autophagy dysregulation mediated by miR-130b-3p targeting PPARγ. We constructed miR-130b-3p knockout (antagomir) and PPARγ over-expression (OE-PPARγ) mice model by injecting mmu-miR-130b-3p antagomir and HBAAV2/Anc80-m-Pparg-T2A-mCHerry into the right ear' round window of each mouse, respectively. In vitro, we introduced oxidative stress within HEI-OC1 cells by H2O2 and exogenously changed the miR-130b-3p and PPARγ levels. MiRNA level was detected by RT-qPCR, proteins by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Morphology of autophagosomes was observed by electron microscopy. In vivo, the cochlea of aged mice showed higher miR-130b-3p expression and lower PPARγ expression, while exogenous inhibition of miR-130b-3p up-regulated PPARγ expression. Autophagy-related biomarkers expression (ATG5, Beclin-1 and LC3B II/I) decreased in aged mice, which reversely increased after the inhibition of miR-130b-3p. The elevation of PPARγ demonstrated similar effects. Contrarily, exogenous overexpression of miR-130b-3p resulted in the decrease of ATG5, Beclin-1 and LC3B II/I. We created oxidative stress within HEI-OC1 by H2O2, subsequently observed the formation of autophagosomes under electron microscope, so as the elevated cell apoptosis rate and weakened cell viability. MiR-130b-3p/PPARγ contributed to the premature senescence of these H2O2-induced HEI-OC1 cells. MiR-130b-3p regulated HEI-OC1 cell growth by targeting PPARγ, thus leading to ARHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Shaojing Kuang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Qiang Gan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chongqing Nanchuan District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing 408499, PR China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanhan County People's Hospital, Xuanhan County 636150, PR China
| | - Haizhu Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Guijun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Jialin Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.
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6
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Deretic V, Duque T, Trosdal E, Paddar M, Javed R, Akepati P. Membrane atg8ylation in Canonical and Noncanonical Autophagy. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168532. [PMID: 38479594 PMCID: PMC11260254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Membrane atg8ylation is a homeostatic process responding to membrane remodeling and stress signals. Membranes are atg8ylated by mammalian ATG8 ubiquitin-like proteins through a ubiquitylation-like cascade. A model has recently been put forward which posits that atg8ylation of membranes is conceptually equivalent to ubiquitylation of proteins. Like ubiquitylation, membrane atg8ylation involves E1, E2 and E3 enzymes. The E3 ligases catalyze the final step of atg8ylation of aminophospholipids in membranes. Until recently, the only known E3 ligase for membrane atg8ylation was ATG16L1 in a noncovalent complex with the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate. ATG16L1 was first identified as a factor in canonical autophagy. During canonical autophagy, the ATG16L1-based E3 ligase complex includes WIPI2, which in turn recognizes phosphatidylinositiol 3-phosphate and directs atg8ylation of autophagic phagophores. As an alternative to WIPIs, binding of ATG16L1 to the proton pump V-ATPase guides atg8ylation of endolysosomal and phagosomal membranes in response to lumenal pH changes. Recently, a new E3 complex containing TECPR1 instead of ATG16L1, has been identified that responds to sphingomyelin's presence on the cytofacial side of perturbed endolysosomal membranes. In present review, we cover the principles of membrane atg8ylation, catalog its various presentations, and provide a perspective on the growing repertoire of E3 ligase complexes directing membrane atg8ylation at diverse locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Thabata Duque
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Einar Trosdal
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Masroor Paddar
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ruheena Javed
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Prithvi Akepati
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Yi J, Wang HL, Lu G, Zhang H, Wang L, Li ZY, Wang L, Wu Y, Xia D, Fang EF, Shen HM. Spautin-1 promotes PINK1-PRKN-dependent mitophagy and improves associative learning capability in an alzheimer disease animal model. Autophagy 2024:1-22. [PMID: 39051473 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2383145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Spautin-1 is a well-known macroautophagy/autophagy inhibitor via suppressing the deubiquitinases USP10 and USP13 and promoting the degradation of the PIK3C3/VPS34-BECN1 complex, while its effect on selective autophagy remains poorly understood. Mitophagy is a selective form of autophagy for removal of damaged and superfluous mitochondria via the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Here, we report a surprising discovery that, while spautin-1 remains as an effective autophagy inhibitor, it promotes PINK1-PRKN-dependent mitophagy induced by mitochondrial damage agents. Mechanistically, spautin-1 facilitates the stabilization and activation of the full-length PINK1 at the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) via binding to components of the TOMM complex (TOMM70 and TOMM20), leading to the disruption of the mitochondrial import of PINK1 and prevention of PARL-mediated PINK1 cleavage. Moreover, spautin-1 induces neuronal mitophagy in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in a PINK-1-PDR-1-dependent manner. Functionally, spautin-1 is capable of improving associative learning capability in an Alzheimer disease (AD) C. elegans model. In summary, we report a novel function of spautin-1 in promoting mitophagy via the PINK1-PRKN pathway. As deficiency of mitophagy is closely implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, the pro-mitophagy function of spautin-1 might suggest its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative disorders such as AD.Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer disease; ATG, autophagy related; BafA1, bafilomycin A1; CALCOCO2/NDP52, calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CCCP, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone; COX4/COX IV, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4; EBSS, Earle's balanced salt; ECAR, extracellular acidification rate; GFP, green fluorescent protein; IA, isoamyl alcohol; IMM, inner mitochondrial membrane; MAP1LC3/LC3, microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MMP, mitochondrial membrane potential; mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; nDNA, nuclear DNA; O/A, oligomycin-antimycin; OCR, oxygen consumption rate; OMM, outer mitochondrial membrane; OPTN, optineurin; PARL, presenilin associated rhomboid like; PINK1, PTEN induced kinase 1; PRKN, parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; p-Ser65-Ub, phosphorylation of Ub at Ser65; TIMM23, translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 23; TOMM, translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane; USP10, ubiquitin specific peptidase 10; USP13, ubiquitin specific peptidase 13; VAL, valinomycin; YFP, yellow fluorescent protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - He-Ling Wang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Guang Lu
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lina Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihua Wu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Evandro F Fang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- The Norwegian Centre on Healthy Ageing (NO-Age), Oslo, Norway
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau, China
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8
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Restrepo LJ, Baehrecke EH. Regulation and Functions of Autophagy During Animal Development. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168473. [PMID: 38311234 PMCID: PMC11260256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is used to degrade cytoplasmic materials, and is critical to maintain cell and organismal health in diverse animals. Here we discuss the regulation, utilization and impact of autophagy on development, including roles in oogenesis, spermatogenesis and embryogenesis in animals. We also describe how autophagy influences postembryonic development in the context of neuronal and cardiac development, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. We describe recent studies of selective autophagy during development, including mitochondria-selective autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-selective autophagy. Studies of developing model systems have also been used to discover novel regulators of autophagy, and we explain how studies of autophagy in these physiologically relevant systems are advancing our understanding of this important catabolic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J Restrepo
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
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9
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Bayat M, Nahand JS. Let's make it personal: CRISPR tools in manipulating cell death pathways for cancer treatment. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:61. [PMID: 39075259 PMCID: PMC11286699 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09907-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in the CRISPR technology, a game-changer in experimental research, have revolutionized various fields of life sciences and more profoundly, cancer research. Cell death pathways are among the most deregulated in cancer cells and are considered as critical aspects in cancer development. Through decades, our knowledge of the mechanisms orchestrating programmed cellular death has increased substantially, attributed to the revolution of cutting-edge technologies. The heroic appearance of CRISPR systems have expanded the available screening platform and genome engineering toolbox to detect mutations and create precise genome edits. In that context, the precise ability of this system for identification and targeting of mutations in cell death signaling pathways that result in cancer development and therapy resistance is an auspicious choice to transform and accelerate the individualized cancer therapy. The concept of personalized cancer therapy stands on the identification of molecular characterization of the individual tumor and its microenvironment in order to provide a precise treatment with the highest possible outcome and minimum toxicity. This study explored the potential of CRISPR technology in precision cancer treatment by identifying and targeting specific cell death pathways. It showed the promise of CRISPR in finding key components and mutations involved in programmed cell death, making it a potential tool for targeted cancer therapy. However, this study also highlighted the challenges and limitations that need to be addressed in future research to fully realize the potential of CRISPR in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobina Bayat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 15731, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 15731, Iran.
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10
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Huang JJ, Xu W, Lin S, Cheung PCK. The bioactivities and biotechnological production approaches of carotenoids derived from microalgae and cyanobacteria. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-29. [PMID: 39038957 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2359966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae and cyanobacteria are a rich source of carotenoids that are well known for their potent bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity properties. Recently, many interests have also been focused on the biological activities of these microalgae/cyanobacteria-derived carotenoids, such as fucoxanthin and β-carotene potential to be the salutary nutraceuticals, on treating or preventing human common diseases (e.g., cancers). This is due to their special chemical structures that demonstrate unique bioactive functions, in which the biologically active discrepancies might attribute to the different spatial configurations of their molecules. In addition, their abundance and bioaccessibilities make them more popularly applied in food and pharmaceutical industries, as compared to the macroalgal/fungal-derived ones. This review is focused on the recent studies on the bioactivities of fucoxanthin and some carotenoids derived from microalgae and cyanobacteria in relationship with human health and diseases, with emphasis on their potential applications as natural antioxidants. Various biotechnological approaches employed to induce the production of these specific carotenoids from the culture of microalgae/cyanobacteria are also critically reviewed. These well-developed and emerging biotechnologies present promise to be applied in food and pharmaceutical industries to facilitate the efficient manufacture of the bioactive carotenoid products derived from microalgae and cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Junhui Huang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, People's Republic of China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, People's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoling Lin
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter Chi Keung Cheung
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, People's Republic of China
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11
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Sun Y, Xu M, Duan Q, Bryant JL, Xu X. The role of autophagy in the progression of HIV infected cardiomyopathy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1372573. [PMID: 39086659 PMCID: PMC11289186 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1372573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from a diagnosis with imminent mortality to a chronic illness, HIV positive patients who do not develop acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDs) still suffer from a high rate of cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. Regardless of viral load and CD count, HIV-associated cardiomyopathy (HIVAC) still causes a high rate of mortality and morbidity amongst HIV patients. While this is a well characterized clinical phenomena, the molecular mechanism of HIVAC is not well understood. In this review, we consolidate, analyze, and discuss current research on the intersection between autophagy and HIVAC. Multiple studies have linked dysregulation in various regulators and functional components of autophagy to HIV infection regardless of mode of viral entry, i.e., coronary, cardiac chamber, or pericardial space. HIV proteins, including negative regulatory factor (Nef), glycoprotein 120 (gp120), and transactivator (Tat), have been shown to interact with type II microtubule-associated protein-1 β light chain (LC3-II), Rubiquitin, SQSTM1/p62, Rab7, autophagy-specific gene 7 (ATG7), and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1), all molecules critical to normal autophagy. HIV infection can also induce dysregulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics by altering production and equilibrium of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), and calcium. These changes alter mitochondrial mass and morphology, which normally trigger autophagy to clear away dysfunctional organelles. However, with HIV infection also triggering autophagy dysfunction, these abnormal mitochondria accumulate and contribute to myocardial dysfunction. Likewise, use of HAART, azidothymidine and Abacavir, have been shown to induce cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis by inducing abnormal autophagy during antiretroviral therapy. Conversely, studies have shown that increasing autophagy can reduce the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and restore cardiomyocyte function. Interestingly, Rapamycin, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, has also been shown to reduce HIV-induced cytotoxicity by regulating autophagy-related proteins, making it a non-antiviral agent with the potential to treat HIVAC. In this review, we synthesize these findings to provide a better understanding of the role autophagy plays in HIVAC and discuss the potential pharmacologic targets unveiled by this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences and University Hospital, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Qinchun Duan
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences and University Hospital, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Joseph L. Bryant
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xuehong Xu
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences and University Hospital, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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12
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Paddar MA, Wang F, Trosdal ES, Hendrix E, He Y, Salemi M, Mudd M, Jia J, Duque TLA, Javed R, Phinney B, Deretic V. Noncanonical roles of ATG5 and membrane atg8ylation in retromer assembly and function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.10.602886. [PMID: 39026874 PMCID: PMC11257513 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.10.602886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
ATG5 is one of the core autophagy proteins with additional functions such as noncanonical membrane atg8ylation, which among a growing number of biological outputs includes control of tuberculosis in animal models. Here we show that ATG5 associates with retromer's core components VPS26, VPS29 and VPS35 and modulates retromer function. Knockout of ATG5 blocked trafficking of a key glucose transporter sorted by the retromer, GLUT1, to the plasma membrane. Knockouts of other genes essential for membrane atg8ylation, of which ATG5 is a component, affected GLUT1 sorting, indicating that membrane atg8ylation as a process affects retromer function and endosomal sorting. The contribution of membrane atg8ylation to retromer function in GLUT1 sorting was independent of canonical autophagy. These findings expand the scope of membrane atg8ylation to specific sorting processes in the cell dependent on the retromer and its known interactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masroor Ahmad Paddar
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Fulong Wang
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Einar S Trosdal
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Emily Hendrix
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yi He
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Michelle Salemi
- Proteomics Core Facility, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Michal Mudd
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Jingyue Jia
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Thabata L A Duque
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ruheena Javed
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Brett Phinney
- Proteomics Core Facility, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Lead Contact
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13
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Dawson ZD, Sundaramoorthi H, Regmi S, Zhang B, Morrison S, Fielder SM, Zhang JR, Hoang H, Perlmutter DH, Luke CJ, Silverman GA, Pak SC. A fluorescent reporter for rapid assessment of autophagic flux reveals unique autophagy signatures during C. elegans post-embryonic development and identifies compounds that modulate autophagy. AUTOPHAGY REPORTS 2024; 3:2371736. [PMID: 39070663 PMCID: PMC11271720 DOI: 10.1080/27694127.2024.2371736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is important for many physiological processes; and disordered autophagy can contribute to the pathogenesis of a broad range of systemic disorders. C. elegans is a useful model organism for studying the genetics of autophagy, however, current methods for studying autophagy are labor-intensive and not readily amenable to high-throughput procedures. Here we describe a fluorescent reporter, GFP::LGG-1::mKate2, which is useful for monitoring autophagic flux in live animals. In the intestine, the fusion protein is processed by endogenous ATG-4 to generate GFP::LGG-1 and mKate2 proteins. We provide data indicating that the GFP:mKate ratio is a suitable readout for measuring cellular autophagic flux. Using this reporter, we measured autophagic flux in L1 larvae to day 7 adult animals. We show that basal autophagic flux is relatively low during larval development but increases markedly in reproductive adults before decreasing with age. Furthermore, we show that wild-type, eat-2, and daf-2 mutant animals have distinct autophagic flux profiles through post-embryonic development. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of this reporter by performing a high-content small molecule screen to identify compounds that alter autophagic flux in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D. Dawson
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hemalatha Sundaramoorthi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Suk Regmi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Stephanie Morrison
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sara M. Fielder
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jessie R. Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hieu Hoang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David H. Perlmutter
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cliff J. Luke
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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14
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Filali-Mouncef Y, Leytens A, Vargas Duarte P, Zampieri M, Dengjel J, Reggiori F. An APEX2-based proximity-dependent biotinylation assay with temporal specificity to study protein interactions during autophagy in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Autophagy 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38958087 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2366749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagosome biogenesis is a complex process orchestrated by dynamic interactions between Atg (autophagy-related) proteins and characterized by the turnover of specific cargoes, which can differ over time and depending on how autophagy is stimulated. Proteomic analyses are central to uncover protein-protein interaction networks and when combined with proximity-dependent biotinylation or proximity labeling (PL) approaches, they also permit to detect transient and weak interactions. However, current PL procedures for yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, one of the leading models for the study of autophagy, do not allow to keep temporal specificity and thus identify interactions and cargoes at a precise time point upon autophagy induction. Here, we present a new ascorbate peroxidase 2 (APEX2)-based PL protocol adapted to yeast that preserves temporal specificity and allows uncovering neighbor proteins by either western blot or proteomics. As a proof of concept, we applied this new method to identify Atg8 and Atg9 interactors and detected known binding partners as well as potential uncharacterized ones in rich and nitrogen starvation conditions. Also, as a proof of concept, we confirmed the spatial proximity interaction between Atg8 and Faa1. We believe that this protocol will be a new important experimental tool for all those researchers studying the mechanism and roles of autophagy in yeast, but also other cellular pathways in this model organism.Abbreviations: APEX2, ascorbate peroxidase 2, Atg, autophagy-related; BP, biotin phenol; Cvt, cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; LN2, liquid nitrogen; MS, mass spectrometry; PAS, phagophore assembly site; PL, proximity labeling; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PPINs, protein-protein interaction networks; PPIs, protein-protein interactions; RT, room temperature; SARs, selective autophagy receptors; WT, wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Filali-Mouncef
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, AV, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre Leytens
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Mattia Zampieri
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, AV, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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15
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Kitta S, Kaminishi T, Higashi M, Shima T, Nishino K, Nakamura N, Kosako H, Yoshimori T, Kuma A. YIPF3 and YIPF4 regulate autophagic turnover of the Golgi apparatus. EMBO J 2024; 43:2954-2978. [PMID: 38822137 PMCID: PMC11250848 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The degradation of organelles by autophagy is essential for cellular homeostasis. The Golgi apparatus has recently been demonstrated to be degraded by autophagy, but little is known about how the Golgi is recognized by the forming autophagosome. Using quantitative proteomic analysis and two novel Golgiphagy reporter systems, we found that the five-pass transmembrane Golgi-resident proteins YIPF3 and YIPF4 constitute a Golgiphagy receptor. The interaction of this complex with LC3B, GABARAP, and GABARAPL1 is dependent on a LIR motif within YIPF3 and putative phosphorylation sites immediately upstream; the stability of the complex is governed by YIPF4. Expression of a YIPF3 protein containing a mutated LIR motif caused an elongated Golgi morphology, indicating the importance of Golgi turnover via selective autophagy. The reporter assays reported here may be readily adapted to different experimental contexts to help deepen our understanding of Golgiphagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinri Kitta
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kaminishi
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Momoko Higashi
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shima
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishino
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakamura
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita, Kyoto, 603-8555, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Akiko Kuma
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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16
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Yu CL, Huang KY, Chen JJ, Lai CT, Chen GW, Huang CC, Yeh YH, Lee CH, Lee JJ, Huang DM, Wang SW. Hernandonine-mediated autophagic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma: Interplay of p53 and YAP signaling pathways. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:456-466. [PMID: 38950659 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the primary form of liver cancer, is the third leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Hernandonine is a natural alkaloid derived from Hernandia nymphaeifolia that has been shown to exert various biological functions. In a previous study, hernandonine was shown to suppress the proliferation of several solid tumor cell lines without affecting normal human cell lines. However, little is known about the effect of hernandonine on HCC. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of hernandonine on HCC in relation to autophagy. We found that hernandonine inhibited HCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In addition, hernandonine elicited autophagic cell death and DNA damage in HCC cells. RNA-seq analysis revealed that hernandonine upregulated p53 and Hippo signaling pathway-related genes in HCC cells. Small RNA interference of p53 resulted in hernandonine-induced autophagic cell death attenuation. However, inhibition of YAP sensitized HCC cells to hernandonine by increasing the autophagy induction. This is the first study to illustrate the complex involvement of p53 and YAP in the hernandonine-induced autophagic cell death in human HCC cells. Our findings provide novel evidence for the potential of hernandonine as a therapeutic agent for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lin Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Science, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yao Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Jung Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Lai
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Wei Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chen Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiu Yeh
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Jen Lee
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Ming Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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17
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Liu D, Hu Z, Lu J, Yi C. Redox-Regulated Iron Metabolism and Ferroptosis in Ovarian Cancer: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:791. [PMID: 39061859 PMCID: PMC11274267 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC), known for its lethality and resistance to chemotherapy, is closely associated with iron metabolism and ferroptosis-an iron-dependent cell death process, distinct from both autophagy and apoptosis. Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of iron metabolism could play a crucial role in OC by inducing an imbalance in the redox system, which leads to ferroptosis, offering a novel therapeutic approach. This review examines how disruptions in iron metabolism, which affect redox balance, impact OC progression, focusing on its essential cellular functions and potential as a therapeutic target. It highlights the molecular interplay, including the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), between iron metabolism and ferroptosis, and explores their interactions with key immune cells such as macrophages and T cells, as well as inflammation within the tumor microenvironment. The review also discusses how glycolysis-related iron metabolism influences ferroptosis via reactive oxygen species. Targeting these pathways, especially through agents that modulate iron metabolism and ferroptosis, presents promising therapeutic prospects. The review emphasizes the need for deeper insights into iron metabolism and ferroptosis within the redox-regulated system to enhance OC therapy and advocates for continued research into these mechanisms as potential strategies to combat OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China; (D.L.); (Z.H.)
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Zewen Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China; (D.L.); (Z.H.)
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Jinzhi Lu
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Jingzhou 434000, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Cunjian Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China; (D.L.); (Z.H.)
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Jingzhou 434000, China
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18
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Franco-Romero A, Morbidoni V, Milan G, Sartori R, Wulff J, Romanello V, Armani A, Salviati L, Conte M, Salvioli S, Franceschi C, Buonomo V, Swoboda CO, Grumati P, Pannone L, Martinelli S, Jefferies HB, Dikic I, van der Laan J, Cabreiro F, Millay DP, Tooze SA, Trevisson E, Sandri M. C16ORF70/MYTHO promotes healthy aging in C.elegans and prevents cellular senescence in mammals. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e165814. [PMID: 38869949 PMCID: PMC11291266 DOI: 10.1172/jci165814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification of genes that confer either extension of life span or accelerate age-related decline was a step forward in understanding the mechanisms of aging and revealed that it is partially controlled by genetics and transcriptional programs. Here, we discovered that the human DNA sequence C16ORF70 encodes a protein, named MYTHO (macroautophagy and youth optimizer), which controls life span and health span. MYTHO protein is conserved from Caenorhabditis elegans to humans and its mRNA was upregulated in aged mice and elderly people. Deletion of the orthologous myt-1 gene in C. elegans dramatically shortened life span and decreased animal survival upon exposure to oxidative stress. Mechanistically, MYTHO is required for autophagy likely because it acts as a scaffold that binds WIPI2 and BCAS3 to recruit and assemble the conjugation system at the phagophore, the nascent autophagosome. We conclude that MYTHO is a transcriptionally regulated initiator of autophagy that is central in promoting stress resistance and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais Franco-Romero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Valeria Morbidoni
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute (IRP) - Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Milan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roberta Sartori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Jesper Wulff
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Vanina Romanello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute (IRP) - Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Conte
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Viviana Buonomo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Casey O. Swoboda
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Paolo Grumati
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Pannone
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Martinelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Harold B.J. Jefferies
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt - Riedberg Campus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jennifer van der Laan
- CECAD Research Cluster, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Filipe Cabreiro
- CECAD Research Cluster, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Douglas P. Millay
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sharon A. Tooze
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Trevisson
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute (IRP) - Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Myology Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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19
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Mohan J, Moparthi SB, Girard-Blanc C, Campisi D, Blanchard S, Nugues C, Rama S, Salles A, Pénard E, Vassilopoulos S, Wollert T. ATG16L1 induces the formation of phagophore-like membrane cups. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024:10.1038/s41594-024-01300-y. [PMID: 38834913 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The hallmark of non-selective autophagy is the formation of cup-shaped phagophores that capture bulk cytoplasm. The process is accompanied by the conjugation of LC3B to phagophores by an E3 ligase complex comprising ATG12-ATG5 and ATG16L1. Here we combined two complementary reconstitution approaches to reveal the function of LC3B and its ligase complex during phagophore expansion. We found that LC3B forms together with ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 a membrane coat that remodels flat membranes into cups that closely resemble phagophores. Mechanistically, we revealed that cup formation strictly depends on a close collaboration between LC3B and ATG16L1. Moreover, only LC3B, but no other member of the ATG8 protein family, promotes cup formation. ATG16L1 truncates that lacked the C-terminal membrane binding domain catalyzed LC3B lipidation but failed to assemble coats, did not promote cup formation and inhibited the biogenesis of non-selective autophagosomes. Our results thus demonstrate that ATG16L1 and LC3B induce and stabilize the characteristic cup-like shape of phagophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagan Mohan
- Membrane Biochemistry and Transport, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Satish B Moparthi
- Membrane Biochemistry and Transport, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Christine Girard-Blanc
- Membrane Biochemistry and Transport, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Daniele Campisi
- Membrane Biochemistry and Transport, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Blanchard
- Membrane Biochemistry and Transport, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Nugues
- Membrane Biochemistry and Transport, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sowmya Rama
- Membrane Biochemistry and Transport, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Salles
- Unit of Technology and Service Photonic BioImaging (UTechS PBI), C2RT, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Esthel Pénard
- Ultrastructural BioImaging Core Facility (UBI), C2RT, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Vassilopoulos
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France.
| | - Thomas Wollert
- Membrane Biochemistry and Transport, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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20
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Coulter AM, Cortés V, Theodore CJ, Cianciolo RE, Korstanje R, Campellone KG. WHAMM functions in kidney reabsorption and polymerizes actin to promote autophagosomal membrane closure and cargo sequestration. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar80. [PMID: 38598293 PMCID: PMC11238085 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-01-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is essential for many functions of eukaryotic cells, but the factors that nucleate actin assembly are not well understood at the organismal level or in the context of disease. To explore the function of the actin nucleation factor WHAMM in mice, we examined how Whamm inactivation impacts kidney physiology and cellular proteostasis. We show that male WHAMM knockout mice excrete elevated levels of albumin, glucose, phosphate, and amino acids, and display structural abnormalities of the kidney proximal tubule, suggesting that WHAMM activity is important for nutrient reabsorption. In kidney tissue, the loss of WHAMM results in the accumulation of the lipidated autophagosomal membrane protein LC3, indicating an alteration in autophagy. In mouse fibroblasts and human proximal tubule cells, WHAMM and its binding partner the Arp2/3 complex control autophagic membrane closure and cargo receptor recruitment. These results reveal a role for WHAMM-mediated actin assembly in maintaining kidney function and promoting proper autophagosome membrane remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M. Coulter
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | | | - Corey J. Theodore
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | | | | | - Kenneth G. Campellone
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030
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21
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Afzal A, Zhang Y, Afzal H, Saddozai UAK, Zhang L, Ji XY, Khawar MB. Functional role of autophagy in testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1384047. [PMID: 38827527 PMCID: PMC11140113 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1384047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular recycling process that maintains cellular homeostasis. Despite extensive research in endocrine contexts, the role of autophagy in ovarian and testicular steroidogenesis remains elusive. The significant role of autophagy in testosterone production suggests potential treatments for conditions like oligospermia and azoospermia. Further, influence of autophagy in folliculogenesis, ovulation, and luteal development emphasizes its importance for improved fertility and reproductive health. Thus, investigating autophagy in gonadal cells is clinically significant. Understanding these processes could transform treatments for endocrine disorders, enhancing reproductive health and longevity. Herein, we provide the functional role of autophagy in testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis to date, highlighting its modulation in testicular steroidogenesis and its impact on hormone synthesis, follicle development, and fertility therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Afzal
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 988 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hanan Afzal
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Umair Ali Khan Saddozai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Medicine, Huaxian County People’s Hospital, Huaxian, Henan, China
| | - Muhammad Babar Khawar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
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22
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Chen N, Hu H, Tang J, Zheng F, Guo Z, Lin X, Aschner M, Shao W, Yu G, Cai P, Chou WC, Wu S, Li H. LncRNA NR_030777 promotes mitophagy by targeting CDK1-related mitochondrial fission and ATG12 to attenuate paraquat-induced Parkinson's disease. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123875. [PMID: 38548152 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
With the evidence emerging that abnormal expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in onset of Parkinson's disease (PD), the role of NR_030777 contributing to this disease is of great interest. We recently found that a novel lncRNA "NR_030777" demonstrates protective effects on PQ-induced neurodegeneration. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of NR_030777 in the regulation of mitochondrial fission and mitophagy involved in PQ-induced neuronal damage remain to be explored. NR_030777 brain conditional overexpressing mice as well as in vitro primary neuronal cells from cerebral cortex and Neuro2a cells were adopted. Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to evaluate the expression levels of RNA and proteins. RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pulldown experiment were used to evaluate the interaction of NR_030777 with its target proteins. NR_030777 and mitophagy were increased, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels recovered after NR_030777 overexpression upon PQ treatment. The overexpression and knockdown of NR_030777 unveiled that NR_030777 positively regulated mitophagy such as the upregulation of LC3B-II:I, ATG12-ATG5, p62 and NBR1. Moreover, the application of mdivi-1, a DRP-1 inhibitor, in combination with NR_030777 genetic modified cells unveiled that NR_030777 promoted DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. Furthermore, NR_030777 were directly bound to CDK1 to increase p-DRP1 levels at the Ser616 site, leading to mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. On the other hand, NR_030777 acted directly on ATG12 within the ATG12-ATG5 complex in the 800-1400 nt region to modulate the membrane formation. Accordingly, NR_030777 deficiency in neuron cells compromised cell mitophagy. Finally, the above findings were confirmed using NR_030777-overexpressing mice. NR_030777 exerted a protective effect on PQ-exposed mice by enhancing mitophagy. Our data provide the first scientific evidence for the precise invention of PQ-induced PD. Our findings further propose a breakthrough for understanding the regulatory relationship between NR_030777, CDK1, ATG12 and mitophagy in PQ-induced PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengzhou Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Department of Labor Hygiene and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Jianping Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Zhenkun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Xinpei Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Wenya Shao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Guangxia Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Ping Cai
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Siying Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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23
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Kim NY, Shivanne Gowda SG, Lee SG, Sethi G, Ahn KS. Cannabidiol induces ERK activation and ROS production to promote autophagy and ferroptosis in glioblastoma cells. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 394:110995. [PMID: 38583854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule-driven ERK activation is known to induce autophagy and ferroptosis in cancer cells. Herein the effect of cannabidiol (CBD), a phytochemical derived from Cannabis sativa, on ERK-driven autophagy and ferroptosis has been demonstrated in glioblastoma (GBM) cells (U87 and U373 cells). CBD imparted significant cytotoxicity in GBM cells, induced activation of ERK (not JNK and p38), and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. It increased the autophagy-related proteins such as LC3 II, Atg7, and Beclin-1 and modulated the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins such as glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), SLC7A11, and TFRC. CBD significantly elevated the endoplasmic reticulum stress, ROS, and iron load, and decreased GSH levels. Inhibitors of autophagy (3-MA) and ferroptosis (Fer-1) had a marginal effect on CBD-induced autophagy/ferroptosis. Treatment with N-acetyl-cysteine (antioxidant) or PD98059 (ERK inhibitor) partly reverted the CBD-induced autophagy/ferroptosis by decreasing the activation of ERK and the production of ROS. Overall, CBD induced autophagy and ferroptosis through the activation of ERK and generation of ROS in GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Young Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Seok-Geun Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Xu Y, Qian C, Wang Q, Song L, He Z, Liu W, Wan W. Deacetylation of ATG7 drives the induction of macroautophagy and LC3-associated microautophagy. Autophagy 2024; 20:1134-1146. [PMID: 37999993 PMCID: PMC11135844 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2287932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
LC3 lipidation plays an important role in the regulation of macroautophagy and LC3-associated microautophagy. The E1-like enzyme ATG7 is one of the core components that are directly involved in LC3 lipidation reaction. Here, we provide evidence showing that acetylation of ATG7 tightly controls its enzyme activity to regulate the induction of macroautophagy and LC3-associated microautophagy. Mechanistically, acetylation of ATG7 disrupts its interaction with the E2-like enzyme ATG3, leading to an inhibition of LC3 lipidation in vitro and in vivo. Functionally, in response to various different stimuli, cellular ATG7 undergoes deacetylation to induce macroautophagy and LC3-associated microautophagy, which are necessary for cells to eliminate cytoplasmic DNA and degrade lysosome membrane proteins, respectively. Taken together, these findings reveal that ATG7 acetylation acts as a critical rheostat in controlling LC3 lipidation and related cellular processes.Abbreviations: AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy-related; cGAMP: cyclic GMP-AMP; CGAS: cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; CREBBP/CBP: CREB binding protein; EGF: epidermal growth factor; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; EP300/p300: E1A binding protein p300; IFNB1: interferon beta 1; ISD: interferon stimulatory DNA; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MCOLN1/TRPML1: mucolipin TRP cation channel 1; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblast; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NAM: nicotinamide; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PTM: post-translational modification; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1; SIRT: sirtuin; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STING1: stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1; TSA: trichostatin A; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; WIPI2: WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2; WT: wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Xu
- Laboratory of Basic Biology, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chuying Qian
- Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Thoracic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Thoracic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lijiang Song
- Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Thoracic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengfu He
- Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Thoracic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wan
- Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Thoracic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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25
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Xu Y, Liu W, Sun Z, Yu Y, Yang T, Lu X, Zhang G, Jiao J, Duan X. The two autophagy-related proteins 8a and 8b play distinct physiological roles in Drosophila. Genomics 2024; 116:110853. [PMID: 38701988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Atg8 family proteins play crucial roles in autophagy to maintain cellular homeostasis. However, the physiological roles of Atg8 family proteins have not been systematically determined. In this study, we generated Atg8a and Atg8b (homologs of Atg8 in Drosophila melanogaster) knockout flies. We found that the loss of Atg8a affected autophagy and resulted in partial lethality, abnormal wings, decreased lifespan, and decreased climbing ability in flies. Furthermore, the loss of Atg8a resulted in reduced muscle integrity and the progressive degeneration of the neuron system. We also found that the phosphorylation at Ser88 of Atg8a is important for autophagy and neuronal integrity. The loss of Atg8b did not affect autophagy but induced male sterility in flies. Here, we take full advantage of the fly system to elucidate the physiological function of Atg8a and Atg8b in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Zhaolin Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Yurun Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Tianhao Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Xirui Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Guiqiang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Jianwei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xiuying Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China.
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26
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Tang J, Fang D, Zhong J, Li M. Missing WD40 Repeats in ATG16L1 Delays Canonical Autophagy and Inhibits Noncanonical Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4493. [PMID: 38674078 PMCID: PMC11050548 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Canonical autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that forms double-membrane structures and mediates the degradation of long-lived proteins (LLPs). Noncanonical autophagy (NCA) is an important alternative pathway involving the formation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-positive structures that are independent of partial core autophagy proteins. NCA has been defined by the conjugation of ATG8s to single membranes (CASM). During canonical autophagy and NCA/CASM, LC3 undergoes a lipidation modification, and ATG16L1 is a crucial protein in this process. Previous studies have reported that the WDR domain of ATG16L1 is not necessary for canonical autophagy. However, our study found that WDR domain deficiency significantly impaired LLP degradation in basal conditions and slowed down LC3-II accumulation in canonical autophagy. We further demonstrated that the observed effect was due to a reduced interaction between ATG16L1 and FIP200/WIPI2, without affecting lysosome function or fusion. Furthermore, we also found that the WDR domain of ATG16L1 is crucial for chemical-induced NCA/CASM. The results showed that removing the WDR domain or introducing the K490A mutation in ATG16L1 significantly inhibited the NCA/CASM, which interrupted the V-ATPase-ATG16L1 axis. In conclusion, this study highlights the significance of the WDR domain of ATG16L1 for both canonical autophagy and NCA functions, improving our understanding of its role in autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuge Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dongmei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jialing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
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27
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Fan G, Guan X, Guan B, Zhu H, Pei Y, Jiang C, Xiao Y, Li Z, Cao F. Untargeted metabolomics reveals that declined PE and PC in obesity may be associated with prostate hyperplasia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301011. [PMID: 38640132 PMCID: PMC11029648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that obesity may contribute to the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, the mechanism of this pathogenesis is not fully understood. METHODS A prospective case-control study was conducted with 30 obese and 30 nonobese patients with BPH. Prostate tissues were collected and analyzed using ultra performance liquid chromatography ion mobility coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-IMS-Q-TOF). RESULTS A total of 17 differential metabolites (3 upregulated and 14 downregulated) were identified between the obese and nonobese patients with BPH. Topological pathway analysis indicated that glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolism was the most important metabolic pathway involved in BPH pathogenesis. Seven metabolites were enriched in the GP metabolic pathway. lysoPC (P16:0/0:0), PE (20:0/20:0), PE (24:1(15Z)/18:0), PC (24:1(15Z)/14:0), PC (15:0/24:0), PE (24:0/18:0), and PC (16:0/18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)) were all significantly downregulated in the obesity group, and the area under the curve (AUC) of LysoPC (P-16:0/0/0:0) was 0.9922. The inclusion of the seven differential metabolites in a joint prediction model had an AUC of 0.9956. Thus, both LysoPC (P-16:0/0/0:0) alone and the joint prediction model demonstrated good predictive ability for obesity-induced BPH mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, obese patients with BPH had a unique metabolic profile, and alterations in PE and PC in these patients be associated with the development and progression of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorui Fan
- Clinical Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaohai Guan
- Clinical Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Bo Guan
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Hongfei Zhu
- Clinical Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yongchao Pei
- Clinical Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Chonghao Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yonggui Xiao
- Clinical Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhiguo Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Fenghong Cao
- Clinical Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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Wang D, Ma X, Hu H, Ren J, Liu J, Zhou H. Functional identification of two HMGB1 paralogues provides insights into autophagic machinery in teleost. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 147:109457. [PMID: 38387685 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a multifunctional regulator that plays different roles in various physiological and pathological processes including cell development, autophagy, inflammation, tumor metastasis, and cell death based on its cellular localization. Unlike mammalian HMGB1, two HMGB1 paralogues (HMGB1a and HMGB1b) have been found in fathead minnow and other fish species and its function as an inflammatory cytokine has been well investigated. However, the role of fish HMGB1 in autophagy regulation has not been well clarified. In the present study, we generated HMGB1 paralogues single (HMGB1a-/- and HMGB1b-/-) and double knockout (DKO) epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells from fathead minnow by CRISPR/Cas9 system, and the knockout efficiency of these genes was verified at both gene and protein levels. In this context, the effects of HMGB1 gene knockout on the protein expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II (LC3-II), an autophagy marker, were determined, showing that single knockout of two HMGB1 paralogues significantly decreased the expression of LC3-II, and these inhibitory effects were further amplified in HMGB1 DKO cells under both basal and rapamycin treatment conditions, indicating the role of two HMGB1 paralogues in fish autophagy. In agreement with this notion, overexpression of HMGB1a or HMGB1b with Flag-tag markedly upregulated LC3-II protein expression. Interestingly, overexpressing two paralogues distributed in both cytoplasm and nucleus. Finally, the role of HMGB1-mediated autophagy was further explored, finding that HMGB1 could interact with Beclin1, a key initiation factor of autophagy. Taken together, these findings highlighted the role of HMGB1 paralogues as the autophagy regulator and increased our understanding of autophagic machinery in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyi Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingqi Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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29
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Ding WX, Ma X, Kim S, Wang S, Ni HM. Recent insights about autophagy in pancreatitis. EGASTROENTEROLOGY 2024; 2:e100057. [PMID: 38770349 PMCID: PMC11104508 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is a common inflammatory gastrointestinal disease without any successful treatment. Pancreatic exocrine acinar cells have high rates of protein synthesis to produce and secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes. When the regulation of organelle and protein homeostasis is disrupted, it can lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, damage to the mitochondria and improper intracellular trypsinogen activation, ultimately resulting in acinar cell damage and the onset of pancreatitis. To balance the homeostasis of organelles and adapt to protect themselves from organelle stress, cells use protective mechanisms such as autophagy. In the mouse pancreas, defective basal autophagy disrupts ER homoeostasis, leading to ER stress and trypsinogen activation, resulting in spontaneous pancreatitis. In this review, we discuss the regulation of autophagy and its physiological role in maintaining acinar cell homeostasis and function. We also summarise the current understanding of the mechanisms and the role of defective autophagy at multiple stages in experimental pancreatitis induced by cerulein or alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Xiaowen Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sydney Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Shaogui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Hong-Min Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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30
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Theodore CJ, Wagner LH, Campellone KG. Autophagosome turnover requires Arp2/3 complex-mediated maintenance of lysosomal integrity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.12.584718. [PMID: 38559247 PMCID: PMC10980047 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.12.584718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process that maintains homeostasis, responds to stress, and plays key roles in the prevention of aging and disease. Autophagosome biogenesis, vesicle rocketing, and autolysosome tubulation are controlled by multiple actin nucleation factors, but the impact of actin assembly on completion of the autophagic pathway is not well understood. Here we studied autophagosome and lysosome remodeling in fibroblasts harboring an inducible knockout (iKO) of the Arp2/3 complex, an essential actin nucleator. Arp2/3 complex ablation resulted in increased basal levels of autophagy receptors and lipidated membrane proteins from the LC3 and GABARAP families. Under both steady-state and starvation conditions, Arp2/3 iKO cells accumulated abnormally high numbers of autolysosomes, suggesting a defect in autophagic flux. The inability of Arp2/3 complex-deficient cells to complete autolysosome degradation and turnover is explained by the presence of damaged, leaky lysosomes. In cells treated with an acute lysosomal membrane-damaging agent, the Arp2/3-activating protein WHAMM is recruited to lysosomes, where Arp2/3 complex-dependent actin assembly is crucial for restoring intact lysosomal structure. These results establish the Arp2/3 complex as a central player late in the canonical autophagy pathway and reveal a new role for the actin nucleation machinery in maintaining lysosomal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey J. Theodore
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
| | - Lianna H. Wagner
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
| | - Kenneth G. Campellone
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
- Center on Aging, UConn Health; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
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31
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Zubkova E, Kalinin A, Bolotskaya A, Beloglazova I, Menshikov M. Autophagy-Dependent Secretion: Crosstalk between Autophagy and Exosome Biogenesis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2209-2235. [PMID: 38534758 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The cellular secretome is pivotal in mediating intercellular communication and coordinating responses to stressors. Exosomes, initially recognized for their role in waste disposal, have now emerged as key intercellular messengers with significant therapeutic and diagnostic potential. Similarly, autophagy has transcended its traditional role as a waste removal mechanism, emerging as a regulator of intracellular communication pathways and a contributor to a unique autophagy-dependent secretome. Secretory authophagy, initiated by various stress stimuli, prompts the selective release of proteins implicated in inflammation, including leaderless proteins that bypass the conventional endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi secretory pathway. This reflects the significant impact of stress-induced autophagy on cellular secretion profiles, including the modulation of exosome release. The convergence of exosome biogenesis and autophagy is exemplified by the formation of amphisomes, vesicles that integrate autophagic and endosomal pathways, indicating their synergistic interplay. Regulatory proteins common to both pathways, particularly mTORC1, emerge as potential therapeutic targets to alter cellular secretion profiles involved in various diseases. This review explores the dynamic interplay between autophagy and exosome formation, highlighting the potential to influence the secretome composition. While the modulation of exosome secretion and cytokine preconditioning is well-established in regenerative medicine, the strategic manipulation of autophagy is still underexplored, presenting a promising but uncharted therapeutic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Zubkova
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Kalinin
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasya Bolotskaya
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Beloglazova
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Menshikov
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
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32
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Tan JYK, Chew LY, Juhász G, Yu F. Interplay between autophagy and CncC regulates dendrite pruning in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310740121. [PMID: 38408233 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310740121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is essential for the turnover of damaged organelles and long-lived proteins. It is responsible for many biological processes such as maintaining brain functions and aging. Impaired autophagy is often linked to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases in humans. However, the role of autophagy in neuronal pruning during development remains poorly understood. Here, we report that autophagy regulates dendrite-specific pruning of ddaC sensory neurons in parallel to local caspase activation. Impaired autophagy causes the formation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates in ddaC neurons, dependent on the autophagic receptor Ref(2)P. Furthermore, the metabolic regulator AMP-activated protein kinase and the insulin-target of rapamycin pathway act upstream to regulate autophagy during dendrite pruning. Importantly, autophagy is required to activate the transcription factor CncC (Cap "n" collar isoform C), thereby promoting dendrite pruning. Conversely, CncC also indirectly affects autophagic activity via proteasomal degradation, as impaired CncC results in the inhibition of autophagy through sequestration of Atg8a into ubiquitinated protein aggregates. Thus, this study demonstrates the important role of autophagy in activating CncC prior to dendrite pruning, and further reveals an interplay between autophagy and CncC in neuronal pruning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Yu Kelly Tan
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Liang Yuh Chew
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Fengwei Yu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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33
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Cai M, Li Q, Cao Y, Huang Y, Yao H, Zhao C, Wang J, Zhu H. Quercetin activates autophagy to protect rats ovarian granulosa cells from H 2O 2-induced aging and injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 966:176339. [PMID: 38272342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is closely related to the aging of various organ systems, including ovaries. Quercetin has a variety of biological activities, including potential regulation of autophagy. However, whether quercetin-regulated autophagy activity affects the process of ovarian aging and injury has not been clarified yet. This study explores whether quercetin can resist H2O2-induced aging and injury of granulosa cells by regulating autophagy and its related molecular mechanisms in vitro experiments. The cell viability, endocrine function, cell aging, and apoptosis were detected to evaluate the effects of quercetin and autophagy regulators like 3-methyladenine and rapamycin. The levels of autophagy markers Atg5, Atg12, Atg16L, Lc3B II/I, and Beclin1 were determined by Western blot to assess the effects of quercetin, 3-methyladenine and rapamycin on autophagy. Our results showed quercetin resisted H2O2-induced granulosa cell aging and injury by activating protective autophagy. The treatment of 3-methyladenine and rapamycin confirmed the protective function of autophagy in H2O2-induced granulosa cells. 3-methyladenine treatment inhibited the expression of autophagy markers Atg5, Atg12, Atg16L, Lc3B II/I, and Beclin1 and abolished the positive effects on cell viability, estradiol secretion, and cell apoptosis activated by quercetin. In conclusion, quercetin activates autophagy by upregulating the expression of autophagy-related proteins to resist H2O2-induced aging and injury, which is crucial for stabilizing the function of granulosa cells under oxidative injury conditions and delaying aging. This study may explain the protective effects of quercetin on ovarian aging and injury from the perspective of regulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Cai
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuyuan Li
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Department of Physiology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yujia Huang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haixu Yao
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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34
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Jiang M, Wu W, Xiong Z, Yu X, Ye Z, Wu Z. Targeting autophagy drug discovery: Targets, indications and development trends. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 267:116117. [PMID: 38295689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy plays a vital role in sustaining cellular homeostasis and its alterations have been implicated in the etiology of many diseases. Drugs development targeting autophagy began decades ago and hundreds of agents were developed, some of which are licensed for the clinical usage. However, no existing intervention specifically aimed at modulating autophagy is available. The obstacles that prevent drug developments come from the complexity of the actual impact of autophagy regulators in disease scenarios. With the development and application of new technologies, several promising categories of compounds for autophagy-based therapy have emerged in recent years. In this paper, the autophagy-targeted drugs based on their targets at various hierarchical sites of the autophagic signaling network, e.g., the upstream and downstream of the autophagosome and the autophagic components with enzyme activities are reviewed and analyzed respectively, with special attention paid to those at preclinical or clinical trials. The drugs tailored to specific autophagy alone and combination with drugs/adjuvant therapies widely used in clinical for various diseases treatments are also emphasized. The emerging drug design and development targeting selective autophagy receptors (SARs) and their related proteins, which would be expected to arrest or reverse the progression of disease in various cancers, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders, are critically reviewed. And the challenges and perspective in clinically developing autophagy-targeted drugs and possible combinations with other medicine are considered in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Wayne Wu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Zijie Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Biology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Zihong Ye
- Department of Biology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China.
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35
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Ouyang C, Meng N. The association between ferroptosis and autophagy in cardiovascular diseases. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3985. [PMID: 38509716 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a process in which cells degrade intracellular substances and play a variety of roles in cells, such as maintaining intracellular homeostasis, preventing cell overgrowth, and removing pathogens. It is highly conserved during the evolution of eukaryotic cells. So far, the study of autophagy is still a hot topic in the field of cytology. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death, accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides. With the deepening of research, it has been found that ferroptosis, like autophagy, is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between autophagy and ferroptosis is complex, and the association between the two in cardiovascular disease remains to be clarified. This article reviews the mechanism of autophagy and ferroptosis and their correlation, and discusses the relationship between them in cardiovascular diseases, which is expected to provide new and important treatment strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Junjun Yang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Chenxi Ouyang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
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36
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Wang W, Su Y, Qi R, Li H, Jiang H, Li F, Li B, Sun H. Indoxacarb triggers autophagy and apoptosis through ROS accumulation mediated by oxidative phosphorylation in the midgut of Bombyx mori. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 200:105812. [PMID: 38582584 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Indoxacarb has been widely utilized in agricultural pest management, posing a significant ecological threat to Bombyx mori, a non-target economic insect. In the present study, short-term exposure to low concentration of indoxacarb significantly suppressed the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, and resulted in an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the midgut of B. mori. While, the ATP content exhibited a declining trend but there was no significant change. Moreover, indoxacarb also significantly altered the transcription levels of six autophagy-related genes, and the transcription levels of ATG2, ATG8 and ATG9 were significantly up-regulated by 2.56-, 1.90-, and 3.36-fold, respectively. The protein levels of ATG8-I and ATG8-II and MDC-stained frozen sections further suggested an increase in autophagy. Furthermore, the protein level and enzyme activity of CASP4 showed a significant increase in accordance with the transcription levels of apoptosis-related genes, indicating the activation of the apoptotic signaling pathway. Meanwhile, the induction of apoptosis signals in the midgut cells triggered by indoxacarb was confirmed through TUNEL staining. These findings suggest that indoxacarb can promote the accumulation of ROS by inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, thereby inducing autophagy and apoptosis in the midgut cells of B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Yue Su
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Ruinan Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Hongrui Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Fanchi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Yizhou, China; Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Yizhou, China; Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
| | - Haina Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Yizhou, China; Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
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37
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Singh R, Kaur N, Choubey V, Dhingra N, Kaur T. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and its role in various neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Res 2024; 1826:148742. [PMID: 38159591 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a critical cellular organelle, maintains cellular homeostasis by regulating calcium levels and orchestrating essential functions such as protein synthesis, folding, and lipid production. A pivotal aspect of ER function is its role in protein quality control. When misfolded proteins accumulate within the ER due to factors like protein folding chaperone dysfunction, toxicity, oxidative stress, or inflammation, it triggers the Unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR involves the activation of chaperones like calnexin, calreticulin, glucose-regulating protein 78 (GRP78), and Glucose-regulating protein 94 (GRP94), along with oxidoreductases like protein disulphide isomerases (PDIs). Cells employ the Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) mechanism to counteract protein misfolding. ERAD disruption causes the detachment of GRP78 from transmembrane proteins, initiating a cascade involving Inositol-requiring kinase/endoribonuclease 1 (IRE1), Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), and Protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) pathways. The accumulation and deposition of misfolded proteins within the cell are hallmarks of numerous neurodegenerative diseases. These aberrant proteins disrupt normal neuronal signalling and contribute to impaired cellular homeostasis, including oxidative stress and compromised protein degradation pathways. In essence, ER stress is defined as the cellular response to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, encompassing a series of signalling pathways and molecular events that aim to restore cellular homeostasis. This comprehensive review explores ER stress and its profound implications for the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimaljot Singh
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
| | - Vinay Choubey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Neelima Dhingra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
| | - Tanzeer Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University Chandigarh, India.
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38
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Deretic V, Klionsky DJ. An expanding repertoire of E3 ligases in membrane Atg8ylation. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:307-308. [PMID: 38225349 PMCID: PMC11164235 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01329-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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Chen Z, Chen Z, Gao S, Shi J, Li X, Sun F. PFOS exposure destroys the integrity of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) through PI3K/AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagy. Reprod Biol 2024; 24:100846. [PMID: 38160586 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonate or perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), a type of perfluorinated compound, is mainly found in consumer products. Exposure to PFOS could cause male reproductive toxicity by causing injury to the blood-testis barrier (BTB). However, the specific mechanisms through which PFOS affects male reproduction remain unclear. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a vital protein kinase that is believed to be a central regulator of autophagy. In this study, we established in vivo and in vitro models to explore the effects of PFOS on the BTB, autophagy, and the regulatory role of the mTOR signaling pathway. Adult mice were developmentally exposed to 0, 0.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg/day PFOS for five weeks. Thereafter, their testicular morphology, sperm counts, serum testosterone, expression of BTB-related proteins, and autophagy-related proteins were evaluated. Additionally, TM4 cells (a mouse Sertoli cell line) were used to delineate the molecular mechanisms that mediate the effects of PFOS on BTB. Our results demonstrated that exposure to PFOS induced BTB injury and autophagy, as evidenced by increased expression of autophagy-related proteins, accumulation of autophagosomes, observed through representative electron micrographs, and decreased activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Moreover, treatment with chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, alleviated the effects of PFOS on the integrity of TM4 cells in the BTB and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Overall, this study highlights that exposure to PFOS destroys the integrity of the BTB through PI3K/AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zhengru Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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40
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Lee YB, Rhee HW. Spray-type modifications: an emerging paradigm in post-translational modifications. Trends Biochem Sci 2024; 49:208-223. [PMID: 38443288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
A post-translational modification (PTM) occurs when a nucleophilic residue (e.g., lysine of a target protein) attacks electrophilic substrate molecules (e.g., acyl-AMP), involving writer enzymes or even occurring spontaneously. Traditionally, this phenomenon was thought to be sequence specific; however, recent research suggests that PTMs can also occur in a non-sequence-specific manner confined to a specific location in a cell. In this Opinion, we compile the accumulated evidence of spray-type PTMs and propose a mechanism for this phenomenon based on the exposure level of reactive electrophilic substrate molecules at the active site of the PTM writers. Overall, a spray-type PTM conceptual framework is useful for comprehending the promiscuous PTM writer events that cannot be adequately explained by the traditional concept of sequence-dependent PTM events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Bin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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41
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Ballesteros U, Iriondo MN, Varela YR, Goñi FM, Alonso A, Montes LR, Etxaniz A. The N-terminal region of the ATG8 autophagy protein LC3C is essential for its membrane fusion properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129835. [PMID: 38302024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process in which a double-membrane organelle, the autophagosome (AP), engulfs cellular components that will be degraded in the lysosomes. ATG8 protein family members participate at various stages of AP formation. The present study compares the capacity to induce lipid-vesicle tethering and fusion of two ATG8 family members, LC3B and LC3C, with model membranes. LC3B is the most thoroughly studied ATG8 protein. It is generally considered as an autophagosomal marker and a canonical representative of the LC3 subfamily. LC3C is less studied, but recent data have reported its implication in various processes, crucial to cellular homeostasis. The results in this paper show that LC3C induces higher levels of tethering and of intervesicular lipid mixing than LC3B. As the N-terminus of LC3C is different from that of the other family members, various mutants of the N-terminal region of both LC3B and LC3C were designed, and their activities compared. It was concluded that the N-terminal region of LC3C was responsible for the enhanced vesicle tethering, membrane perturbation and vesicle-vesicle fusion activities of LC3C as compared to LC3B. The results suggest a specialized function of LC3C in the AP expansion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uxue Ballesteros
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Marina N Iriondo
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Yaiza R Varela
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Félix M Goñi
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Alicia Alonso
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - L Ruth Montes
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Asier Etxaniz
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
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Settembre C, Perera RM. Lysosomes as coordinators of cellular catabolism, metabolic signalling and organ physiology. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:223-245. [PMID: 38001393 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Every cell must satisfy basic requirements for nutrient sensing, utilization and recycling through macromolecular breakdown to coordinate programmes for growth, repair and stress adaptation. The lysosome orchestrates these key functions through the synchronised interplay between hydrolytic enzymes, nutrient transporters and signalling factors, which together enable metabolic coordination with other organelles and regulation of specific gene expression programmes. In this Review, we discuss recent findings on lysosome-dependent signalling pathways, focusing on how the lysosome senses nutrient availability through its physical and functional association with mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and how, in response, the microphthalmia/transcription factor E (MiT/TFE) transcription factors exert feedback regulation on lysosome biogenesis. We also highlight the emerging interactions of lysosomes with other organelles, which contribute to cellular homeostasis. Lastly, we discuss how lysosome dysfunction contributes to diverse disease pathologies and how inherited mutations that compromise lysosomal hydrolysis, transport or signalling components lead to multi-organ disorders with severe metabolic and neurological impact. A deeper comprehension of lysosomal composition and function, at both the cellular and organismal level, may uncover fundamental insights into human physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Settembre
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rushika M Perera
- Department of Anatomy, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Wu Z, Zhang W, Chen L, Wang T, Wang X, Shi H, Zhang L, Zhong M, Shi X, Mao X, Chen H, Li Q. CDK12 inhibition upregulates ATG7 triggering autophagy via AKT/FOXO3 pathway and enhances anti-PD-1 efficacy in colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107097. [PMID: 38354870 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
As the world's fourth most deadly cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC) still needed the novel therapeutic drugs and target urgently. Although cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) has been shown to be implicated in the malignancy of several types of cancer, its functional role and mechanism in CRC remain largely unknown. Here, we found that suppression of CDK12 inhibited tumor growth in CRC by inducing apoptosis. And CDK12 inhibition triggered autophagy by upregulating autophagy related gene 7 (ATG7) expression. Inhibition of autophagy by ATG7 knockdown and chloroquine (CQ) further decreased cell viability induced by CDK12 inhibition. Further mechanism exploration showed that CDK12 interacted with protein kinase B (AKT) regulated autophagy via AKT/forkhead box O3 (AKT/FOXO3) pathway. FOXO3 transcriptionally upregulated ATG7 expression and autophagy when CDK12 inhibition in CRC. Level of CDK12 and p-FOXO3/FOXO3 ratio were correlated with survival in CRC patients. Moreover, CDK12 inhibition improved the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death 1(PD-1) therapy in CRC murine models by enhancing CD8 + T cells infiltration. Thus, our study founded that CDK12 inhibition upregulates ATG7 triggering autophagy via AKT/FOXO3 pathway and enhances anti-PD-1 efficacy in CRC. We revealed the roles of CDK12/FOXO3/ATG7 in regulating CRC progression, suggesting potential biomarkers and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhai Wang
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanying Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liudi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingkang Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojin Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Mao
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haifei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qunyi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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van der Beek J, de Heus C, Sanza P, Liv N, Klumperman J. Loss of the HOPS complex disrupts early-to-late endosome transition, impairs endosomal recycling and induces accumulation of amphisomes. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar40. [PMID: 38198575 PMCID: PMC10916860 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-08-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The multisubunit HOPS tethering complex is a well-established regulator of lysosome fusion with late endosomes and autophagosomes. However, the role of the HOPS complex in other stages of endo-lysosomal trafficking is not well understood. To address this, we made HeLa cells knocked out for the HOPS-specific subunits Vps39 or Vps41, or the HOPS-CORVET-core subunits Vps18 or Vps11. In all four knockout cells, we found that endocytosed cargos were trapped in enlarged endosomes that clustered in the perinuclear area. By correlative light-electron microscopy, these endosomes showed a complex ultrastructure and hybrid molecular composition, displaying markers for early (Rab5, PtdIns3P, EEA1) as well as late (Rab7, CD63, LAMP1) endosomes. These "HOPS bodies" were not acidified, contained enzymatically inactive cathepsins and accumulated endocytosed cargo and cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR). Consequently, CI-MPR was depleted from the TGN, and secretion of lysosomal enzymes to the extracellular space was enhanced. Strikingly, HOPS bodies also contained the autophagy proteins p62 and LC3, defining them as amphisomes. Together, these findings show that depletion of the lysosomal HOPS complex has a profound impact on the functional organization of the entire endosomal system and suggest the existence of a HOPS-independent mechanism for amphisome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan van der Beek
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia de Heus
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Sanza
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nalan Liv
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Klumperman
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Shariq M, Khan MF, Raj R, Ahsan N, Kumar P. PRKAA2, MTOR, and TFEB in the regulation of lysosomal damage response and autophagy. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:287-311. [PMID: 38183492 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomes function as critical signaling hubs that govern essential enzyme complexes. LGALS proteins (LGALS3, LGALS8, and LGALS9) are integral to the endomembrane damage response. If ESCRT fails to rectify damage, LGALS-mediated ubiquitination occurs, recruiting autophagy receptors (CALCOCO2, TRIM16, and SQSTM1) and VCP/p97 complex containing UBXN6, PLAA, and YOD1, initiating selective autophagy. Lysosome replenishment through biogenesis is regulated by TFEB. LGALS3 interacts with TFRC and TRIM16, aiding ESCRT-mediated repair and autophagy-mediated removal of damaged lysosomes. LGALS8 inhibits MTOR and activates TFEB for ATG and lysosomal gene transcription. LGALS9 inhibits USP9X, activates PRKAA2, MAP3K7, ubiquitination, and autophagy. Conjugation of ATG8 to single membranes (CASM) initiates damage repair mediated by ATP6V1A, ATG16L1, ATG12, ATG5, ATG3, and TECPR1. ATG8ylation or CASM activates the MERIT system (ESCRT-mediated repair, autophagy-mediated clearance, MCOLN1 activation, Ca2+ release, RRAG-GTPase regulation, MTOR modulation, TFEB activation, and activation of GTPase IRGM). Annexins ANAX1 and ANAX2 aid damage repair. Stress granules stabilize damaged membranes, recruiting FLCN-FNIP1/2, G3BP1, and NUFIP1 to inhibit MTOR and activate TFEB. Lysosomes coordinate the synergistic response to endomembrane damage and are vital for innate and adaptive immunity. Future research should unveil the collaborative actions of ATG proteins, LGALSs, TRIMs, autophagy receptors, and lysosomal proteins in lysosomal damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shariq
- Quantlase Imaging Laboratory, Quantlase Lab LLC, Unit 1-8, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Mohammad Firoz Khan
- Quantlase Imaging Laboratory, Quantlase Lab LLC, Unit 1-8, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Reshmi Raj
- Quantlase Imaging Laboratory, Quantlase Lab LLC, Unit 1-8, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Nuzhat Ahsan
- Quantlase Imaging Laboratory, Quantlase Lab LLC, Unit 1-8, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Quantlase Imaging Laboratory, Quantlase Lab LLC, Unit 1-8, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Zhang T, Xu L, Guo X, Tao H, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Meng X. The potential of herbal drugs to treat heart failure: The roles of Sirt1/AMPK. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:157-176. [PMID: 38464786 PMCID: PMC10921247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a highly morbid syndrome that seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients and generates an enormous socio-economic burden. In addition to cardiac myocyte oxidative stress and apoptosis, which are considered mechanisms for the development of HF, alterations in cardiac energy metabolism and pathological autophagy also contribute to cardiac abnormalities and ultimately HF. Silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases and phosphorylated kinases, respectively. They play similar roles in regulating some pathological processes of the heart through regulating targets such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), protein 38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). We summarized the synergistic effects of Sirt1 and AMPK in the heart, and listed the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that exhibit cardioprotective properties by modulating the Sirt1/AMPK pathway, to provide a basis for the development of Sirt1/AMPK activators or inhibitors for the treatment of HF and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaowei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Honglin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xianfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan, Sichuan, 620032, China
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Wang F, Zhao F, Deng Y, Tan A, Lai Y, Gong H, Huang Z, Liu Y, Liang Q, Wang W. miR-2765 involved in ammonia nitrogen stress via negative regulation of autophagy in shrimp. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129084. [PMID: 38161029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a highly conserved non-coding tiny endogenous RNA molecule that regulates various cellular functions by inhibiting mRNA translation or promoting the degradation of proteins. In this study, we identified a specific miRNA (designed as Pva-miR-2765) from Penaeus vannamei, which widely distributed in different tissues of shrimp, with the highest concentration found in the intestine. Through fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we observed that Pva-miR-2765 is primarily located in the cytoplasm. Interestingly, we found that the expression of Pva-miR-2765 significantly decreased in hemocytes, hepatopancreas and gill under ammonia nitrogen stress. Furthermore, when Pva-miR-2765 was silenced, the autophagy level in shrimp significantly increased. Additionally, Pva-miR-2765 was found to promote pathological damage in the hepatopancreas of shrimp. Subsequently, correlation analysis revealed a negative relationship between the expression of Pva-miR-2765 and PvTBC1D7. To confirm this interaction, we conducted a dual luciferase reporter gene assay, which demonstrated that Pva-miR-2765 inhibit the expression of PvTBC1D7 by interacting with its 3'UTR. And the expression level of PvTBC1D7 in shrimp decreased significantly under ammonia nitrogen stress in Pva-miR-2765 overexpressed. Our findings suggest that Pva-miR-2765 can reduce autophagy in P. vannamei by inhibiting the regulation of PvTBC1D7, thereby participating in the oxidative stress of shrimp caused by ammonia nitrogen stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| | - Fei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yuting Deng
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Aiping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yingtiao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hua Gong
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Qingjian Liang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immunity, School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China.
| | - Weina Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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Xu Z, Liu Q, Li J, Wang J, Yang Z, Wang J, Gao L, Cheng J, He J, Dong Y, Guo X, Cui J, Zhang W. AMPKα is active in autophagy of endothelial cells in arsenic-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction by regulating mTORC1/p70S6K/ULK1. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 388:110832. [PMID: 38101599 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death, environmental factors, such as arsenic, playing an important role in the progress of CVD. Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) is a crucial early feature for CVD, inorganic arsenic (iAs) can induce autophagy in various cells. However, the role of endothelial autophagy has rarely been studied in VED triggered by arsenic. Total of one hundred and twenty healthy male C57BL/6J mice weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into an arsenic-exposure group and a control group for 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks. The results showed that, independent of the exposure period, autophagy markers of p-ATG16L1 levels and Beclin 1 contents in the aortic arch endothelium increased significantly compared with those of the corresponding control group. And different exposure duration decreased NO contents in the serum significantly. Combined with the histological changes that endothelial injury aggravated gradually with the increasing exposure period, suggesting that under exposure to iAs over 9 weeks, VED was remarkably induced, and consistant high levels of endothelial autophagy may play an important role. Additionally, levels of p-AMPKα/AMPKα increased significantly and p-mTORC1/mTORC1 levels decreased remarkably in the aortic arch endothelium. Then, a NaAsO2-induced-VED in vitro model was used to explore the mechanism of arsenic-induced endothelial autophagy. Similarly, p-AMPKα/AMPKα level significantly increased, and p-mTORC1/mTORC1 level remarkably decreased induced by 30 μmol/L NaAsO2 in HUAECs. Further, an AMPK inhibitor (Compound C) pre-treatment prior to arsenic exposure reversed the increased autophagy level, and alleviated the endothelial dysfunction in HUVECs, as shown by the significant increase in the intracellular NO content and the cell vitality. Mechanistically, we revealed that AMPKα is active in autophagy of endothelial cells in arsenic-induced VED by regulating mTORC1/p70S6K/ULK1. The present study provide a new promising target for prevention and control arsenic-associated CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Xu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qiaoling Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jingqiu Wang
- Institute for Prevention and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Disease and AIDS, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Zhihan Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jing He
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yishan Dong
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiangnan Guo
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Coulter AM, Cortés V, Theodore CJ, Cianciolo RE, Korstanje R, Campellone KG. WHAMM functions in kidney reabsorption and polymerizes actin to promote autophagosomal membrane closure and cargo sequestration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.22.576497. [PMID: 38328079 PMCID: PMC10849548 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.22.576497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is essential for many functions of eukaryotic cells, but the factors that nucleate actin assembly are not well understood at the organismal level or in the context of disease. To explore the function of the actin nucleation factor WHAMM in mice, we examined how Whamm inactivation impacts kidney physiology and cellular proteostasis. We show that male WHAMM knockout mice excrete elevated levels of albumin, glucose, phosphate, and amino acids, and display abnormalities of the kidney proximal tubule, suggesting that WHAMM activity is important for nutrient reabsorption. In kidney tissue, the loss of WHAMM results in the accumulation of the lipidated autophagosomal membrane protein LC3, indicating an alteration in autophagy. In mouse fibroblasts and human proximal tubule cells, WHAMM and its binding partner the Arp2/3 complex control autophagic membrane closure and cargo receptor recruitment. These results reveal a role for WHAMM-mediated actin assembly in maintaining kidney function and promoting proper autophagosome membrane remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Coulter
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
| | | | - Corey J Theodore
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
| | | | | | - Kenneth G Campellone
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, USA
- Center on Aging; UConn Health, Farmington CT, USA
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50
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Simpson JE, Muir MT, Lee M, Naughton C, Gilbert N, Pollard SM, Gammoh N. Autophagy supports PDGFRA-dependent brain tumor development by enhancing oncogenic signaling. Dev Cell 2024; 59:228-243.e7. [PMID: 38113891 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved cellular degradation process. While autophagy-related proteins were shown to influence the signaling and trafficking of some receptor tyrosine kinases, the relevance of this during cancer development is unclear. Here, we identify a role for autophagy in regulating platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) signaling and levels. We find that PDGFRA can be targeted for autophagic degradation through the activity of the autophagy cargo receptor p62. As a result, short-term autophagy inhibition leads to elevated levels of PDGFRA but an unexpected defect in PDGFA-mediated signaling due to perturbed receptor trafficking. Defective PDGFRA signaling led to its reduced levels during prolonged autophagy inhibition, suggesting a mechanism of adaptation. Importantly, PDGFA-driven gliomagenesis in mice was disrupted when autophagy was inhibited in a manner dependent on Pten status, thus highlighting a genotype-specific role for autophagy during tumorigenesis. In summary, our data provide a mechanism by which cells require autophagy to drive tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne E Simpson
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Morwenna T Muir
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Martin Lee
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Catherine Naughton
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Nick Gilbert
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Steven M Pollard
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Noor Gammoh
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK.
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