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Richards-Steed R, Wan N, Bakian A, Medina RM, Brewer SC, Smith KR, VanDerslice JA. Observational methods for human studies of transgenerational effects. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2366065. [PMID: 38870389 PMCID: PMC11178273 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2366065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
There are substantial challenges in studying human transgenerational epigenetic outcomes resulting from environmental conditions. The task requires specialized methods and tools that incorporate specific knowledge of multigenerational relationship combinations of probands and their ancestors, phenotype data for individuals, environmental information of ancestors and their descendants, which can span historical to present datasets, and informative environmental data that chronologically aligns with ancestors and descendants over space and time. As a result, there are few epidemiologic studies of potential transgenerational effects in human populations, thus limiting the knowledge of ancestral environmental conditions and the potential impacts we face with modern human health outcomes. In an effort to overcome some of the challenges in studying human transgenerational effects, we present two transgenerational study designs: transgenerational space-time cluster detection and transgenerational case-control study design. Like other epidemiological methods, these methods determine whether there are statistical associations between phenotypic outcomes (e.g., adverse health outcomes) among probands and the shared environments and environmental factors facing their ancestors. When the ancestor is a paternal grandparent, a statistically significant association provides some evidence that a transgenerational inheritable factor may be involved. Such results may generate useful hypotheses that can be explored using epigenomic data to establish conclusive evidence of transgenerational heritable effects. Both methods are proband-centric: They are designed around the phenotype of interest in the proband generation for case selection and family pedigree creation. In the examples provided, we incorporate at least three generations of paternal lineage in both methods to observe a potential transgenerational effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neng Wan
- Geography, University of Utah Department of Geography, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Amanda Bakian
- Psychiatry, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Richard M. Medina
- Geography, University of Utah Department of Geography, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Simon C. Brewer
- Geography, University of Utah Department of Geography, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ken R. Smith
- Child and Consumer Studies, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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2
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Gu Z, Lin S, Yu J, Jin F, Zhang Q, Xia K, Chen L, Li Y, He B. Advances in dual-targeting inhibitors of HDAC6 for cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116571. [PMID: 38857566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is an essential regulator of histone acetylation processes, exerting influence on a multitude of cellular functions such as cell motility, endocytosis, autophagy, apoptosis, and protein trafficking through its deacetylation activity. The significant implications of HDAC6 in diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and immune disorders have motivated extensive investigation into the development of specific inhibitors targeting this enzyme for therapeutic purposes. Single targeting drugs carry the risk of inducing drug resistance, thus prompting exploration of dual targeting therapy which offers the potential to impact multiple signaling pathways simultaneously, thereby lowering the likelihood of resistance development. While pharmacological studies have exhibited promise in combined therapy involving HDAC6, challenges related to potential drug interactions exist. In response to these challenges, researchers are investigating HDAC6 hybrid molecules which enable the concomitant targeting of HDAC6 and other key proteins, thus enhancing treatment efficacy while mitigating side effects and reducing the risk of resistance compared to traditional combination therapies. The published design strategies for dual targeting inhibitors of HDAC6 are summarized and discussed in this review. This will provide some valuable insights into more novel HDAC6 dual targeting inhibitors to meet the urgent need for innovative therapies in oncology and other related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Shuxian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Junhui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Fei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Keli Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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3
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Qi J, Zhang S, Qu H, Wang Y, Dong Y, Wei H, Wang Y, Sun B, Jiang H, Zhang J, Liang S. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) participate in porcine early embryonic development by regulating cell autophagy and apoptosis through the mTOR signaling pathway. Theriogenology 2024; 224:119-133. [PMID: 38762919 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) stands as the pioneering histone demethylase uncovered, proficient in demethylating H3K4me1/2 and H3K9me1/2, thereby governing transcription and participating in cell apoptosis, proliferation, or differentiation. Nevertheless, the complete understanding of LSD1 during porcine early embryonic development and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Thus, we investigated the mechanism by which LSD1 plays a regulatory role in porcine early embryos. This study revealed that LSD1 inhibition resulted in parthenogenetic activation (PA) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryo arrested the development, and decreased blastocyst quality. Meanwhile, H3K4me1/2 and H3K9me1/2 methylase activity was increased at the 4-cell embryo stage. RNA-seq results revealed that autophagy related biological processes were highly enriched through GO and KEGG pathway analyses when LSD1 inhibition. Further studies showed that LSD1 depletion in porcine early embryos resulted in low mTOR and p-mTOR levels and high autophagy and apoptosis levels. The LSD1 deletion-induced increases in autophagy and apoptosis could be reversed by addition of mTOR activators. We further demonstrated that LSD1 inhibition induced mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy. In summary, our research results indicate that LSD1 may regulate autophagy and apoptosis through the mTOR pathway and affect early embryonic development of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Qi
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hexuan Qu
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanwei Dong
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huakai Wei
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Boxing Sun
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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4
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Seitz J, Auth M, Prinz T, Hau M, Tzortzoglou P, Schulz-Fincke J, Schmidtkunz K, Baniahmad AA, Willmann D, Metzger E, Hein L, Preissl S, Schüle R, Jung M. Soft drug inhibitors for the epigenetic targets lysine-specific demethylase 1 and histone deacetylases. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400450. [PMID: 39004853 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic modulators such as lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are drug targets for cancer, neuropsychiatric disease, or inflammation, but inhibitors of these enzymes exhibit considerable side effects. For a potential local treatment with reduced systemic toxicity, we present here soft drug candidates as new LSD1 and HDAC inhibitors. A soft drug is a compound that is degraded in vivo to less active metabolites after having achieved its therapeutic function. This has been successfully applied for corticosteroids in the clinic, but soft drugs targeting epigenetic enzymes are scarce, with the HDAC inhibitor remetinostat being the only example. We have developed new methyl ester-containing inhibitors targeting LSD1 or HDACs and compared the biological activities of these to their respective carboxylic acid cleavage products. In vitro activity assays, cellular experiments, and a stability assay identified potent HDAC and LSD1 soft drug candidates that are superior to their corresponding carboxylic acids in cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Seitz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Auth
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tony Prinz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Hau
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pavlos Tzortzoglou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Schulz-Fincke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Schmidtkunz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adina A Baniahmad
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominica Willmann
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical Research, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eric Metzger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical Research, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Hein
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Schüle
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical Research, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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5
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Chen Y, Johnson JD, Jayamohan S, He Y, Venkata PP, Jamwal D, Alejo S, Zou Y, Lai Z, Viswanadhapalli S, Vadlamudi RK, Kost E, Sareddy GR. KDM1A/LSD1 inhibition enhances chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 38990091 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OCa) is the deadliest of all gynecological cancers. The standard treatment for OCa is platinum-based chemotherapy, such as carboplatin or cisplatin in combination with paclitaxel. Most patients are initially responsive to these treatments; however, nearly 90% will develop recurrence and inevitably succumb to chemotherapy-resistant disease. Recent studies have revealed that the epigenetic modifier lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (KDM1A/LSD1) is highly overexpressed in OCa. However, the role of KDM1A in chemoresistance and whether its inhibition enhances chemotherapy response in OCa remains uncertain. Analysis of TCGA datasets revealed that KDM1A expression is high in patients who poorly respond to chemotherapy. Western blot analysis show that treatment with chemotherapy drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, and paclitaxel increased KDM1A expression in OCa cells. KDM1A knockdown (KD) or treatment with KDM1A inhibitors NCD38 and SP2509 sensitized established and patient-derived OCa cells to chemotherapy drugs in reducing cell viability and clonogenic survival and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, knockdown of KDM1A sensitized carboplatin-resistant A2780-CP70 cells to carboplatin treatment and paclitaxel-resistant SKOV3-TR cells to paclitaxel. RNA-seq analysis revealed that a combination of KDM1A-KD and cisplatin treatment resulted in the downregulation of genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Interestingly, cisplatin treatment increased a subset of NF-κB pathway genes, and KDM1A-KD or KDM1A inhibition reversed this effect. Importantly, KDM1A-KD, in combination with cisplatin, significantly reduced tumor growth compared to a single treatment in an orthotopic intrabursal OCa xenograft model. Collectively, these findings suggest that combination of KDM1A inhibitors with chemotherapy could be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of OCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jessica D Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Sridharan Jayamohan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Yi He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Prabhakar P Venkata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Diksha Jamwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Salvador Alejo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Yi Zou
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Zhao Lai
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Suryavathi Viswanadhapalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Mays Cancer Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ratna K Vadlamudi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Mays Cancer Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Audie L. Murphy South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Edward Kost
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Gangadhara R Sareddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Mays Cancer Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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6
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Zhao T, Hong Y, Yan B, Huang S, Ming GL, Song H. Epigenetic maintenance of adult neural stem cell quiescence in the mouse hippocampus via Setd1a. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5674. [PMID: 38971831 PMCID: PMC11227589 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Quiescence, a hallmark of adult neural stem cells (NSCs), is required for maintaining the NSC pool to support life-long continuous neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus (DG). Whether long-lasting epigenetic modifications maintain NSC quiescence over the long term in the adult DG is not well-understood. Here we show that mice with haploinsufficiency of Setd1a, a schizophrenia risk gene encoding a histone H3K4 methyltransferase, develop an enlarged DG with more dentate granule cells after young adulthood. Deletion of Setd1a specifically in quiescent NSCs in the adult DG promotes their activation and neurogenesis, which is countered by inhibition of the histone demethylase LSD1. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing and CUT & RUN analyses of cultured quiescent adult NSCs reveal Setd1a deletion-induced transcriptional changes and many Setd1a targets, among which down-regulation of Bhlhe40 promotes quiescent NSC activation in the adult DG in vivo. Together, our study reveals a Setd1a-dependent epigenetic mechanism that sustains NSC quiescence in the adult DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yan Hong
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Bowen Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Suming Huang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Guo-Li Ming
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Hongjun Song
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philedaphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- The Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School for Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Long L, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Duan L, Fan D, Wang R, Xu S, Qiao D, Zhu W. Pyrrole-containing hybrids as potential anticancer agents: An insight into current developments and structure-activity relationships. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 273:116470. [PMID: 38762915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Cancer poses a significant threat to human health. Therefore, it is urgent to develop potent anti-cancer drugs with excellent inhibitory activity and no toxic side effects. Pyrrole and its derivatives are privileged heterocyclic compounds with significant diverse pharmacological effects. These compounds can target various aspects of cancer cells and have been applied in clinical settings or are undergoing clinical trials. As a result, pyrrole has emerged as a promising drug scaffold and has been further probed to get novel entities for the treatment of cancer. This article reviews recent research progress on anti-cancer drugs containing pyrrole. It focuses on the mechanism of action, biological activity, and structure-activity relationships of pyrrole derivatives, aiming to assist in designing and synthesizing innovative pyrrole-based anti-cancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Long
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - ZhiHui Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Dang Fan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
| | - Dan Qiao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
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8
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Cai W, Xiao C, Fan T, Deng Z, Wang D, Liu Y, Li C, He J. Targeting LSD1 in cancer: Molecular elucidation and recent advances. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217093. [PMID: 38969160 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Histones are the main components of chromatin, functioning as an instructive scaffold to maintain chromosome structure and regulate gene expression. The dysregulation of histone modification is associated with various pathological processes, especially cancer initiation and development, and histone methylation plays a critical role. However, the specific mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of histone methylation in cancer are not elucidated. Lys-specific demethylase 1A (LSD1) was the first identified demethylase that specifically removes methyl groups from histone 3 at lysine 4 or lysine 9, acting as a repressor or activator of gene expression. Recent studies have shown that LSD1 promotes cancer progression in multiple epigenetic regulation or non-epigenetic manners. Notably, LSD1 dysfunction is correlated with repressive cancer immunity. Many LSD1 inhibitors have been developed and clinical trials are exploring their efficacy in monotherapy, or combined with other therapies. In this review, we summarize the oncogenic mechanisms of LSD1 and the current applications of LSD1 inhibitors. We highlight that LSD1 is a promising target for cancer treatment. This review will provide the latest theoretical references for further understanding the research progress of oncology and epigenetics, deepening the updated appreciation of epigenetics in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chu Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ziqin Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yixiao Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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9
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Sen T, Takahashi N, Chakraborty S, Takebe N, Nassar AH, Karim NA, Puri S, Naqash AR. Emerging advances in defining the molecular and therapeutic landscape of small-cell lung cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024:10.1038/s41571-024-00914-x. [PMID: 38965396 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has traditionally been considered a recalcitrant cancer with a dismal prognosis, with only modest advances in therapeutic strategies over the past several decades. Comprehensive genomic assessments of SCLC have revealed that most of these tumours harbour deletions of the tumour-suppressor genes TP53 and RB1 but, in contrast to non-small-cell lung cancer, have failed to identify targetable alterations. The expression status of four transcription factors with key roles in SCLC pathogenesis defines distinct molecular subtypes of the disease, potentially enabling specific therapeutic approaches. Overexpression and amplification of MYC paralogues also affect the biology and therapeutic vulnerabilities of SCLC. Several other attractive targets have emerged in the past few years, including inhibitors of DNA-damage-response pathways, epigenetic modifiers, antibody-drug conjugates and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. However, the rapid development of therapeutic resistance and lack of biomarkers for effective selection of patients with SCLC are ongoing challenges. Emerging single-cell RNA sequencing data are providing insights into the plasticity and intratumoural and intertumoural heterogeneity of SCLC that might be associated with therapeutic resistance. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in genomic and transcriptomic characterization of SCLC with a particular focus on opportunities for translation into new therapeutic approaches to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triparna Sen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Subhamoy Chakraborty
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Naoko Takebe
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amin H Nassar
- Division of Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nagla A Karim
- Inova Schar Cancer Institute Virginia, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Sonam Puri
- Division of Medical Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Abdul Rafeh Naqash
- Medical Oncology/ TSET Phase 1 program, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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10
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Lee K, Barone M, Waterbury AL, Jiang H, Nam E, DuBois-Coyne SE, Whedon SD, Wang ZA, Caroli J, Neal K, Ibeabuchi B, Dhoondia Z, Kuroda MI, Liau BB, Beck S, Mattevi A, Cole PA. Uncoupling histone modification crosstalk by engineering lysine demethylase LSD1. Nat Chem Biol 2024:10.1038/s41589-024-01671-9. [PMID: 38965385 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Biochemical crosstalk between two or more histone modifications is often observed in epigenetic enzyme regulation, but its functional significance in cells has been difficult to discern. Previous enzymatic studies revealed that Lys14 acetylation of histone H3 can inhibit Lys4 demethylation by lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). In the present study, we engineered a mutant form of LSD1, Y391K, which renders the nucleosome demethylase activity of LSD1 insensitive to Lys14 acetylation. K562 cells with the Y391K LSD1 CRISPR knockin show decreased expression of a set of genes associated with cellular adhesion and myeloid leukocyte activation. Chromatin profiling revealed that the cis-regulatory regions of these silenced genes display a higher level of H3 Lys14 acetylation, and edited K562 cells show diminished H3 mono-methyl Lys4 near these silenced genes, consistent with a role for enhanced LSD1 demethylase activity. These findings illuminate the functional consequences of disconnecting histone modification crosstalk for a key epigenetic enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangwoon Lee
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marco Barone
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Amanda L Waterbury
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hanjie Jiang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eunju Nam
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E DuBois-Coyne
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel D Whedon
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhipeng A Wang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonatan Caroli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Katherine Neal
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Ibeabuchi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zuzer Dhoondia
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mitzi I Kuroda
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian B Liau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuel Beck
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andrea Mattevi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Philip A Cole
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Nisco A, Tolomeo M, Scalise M, Zanier K, Barile M. Exploring the impact of flavin homeostasis on cancer cell metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189149. [PMID: 38971209 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Flavins and their associated proteins have recently emerged as compelling players in the landscape of cancer biology. Flavins, encompassing flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), serve as coenzymes in a multitude of cellular processes, such as metabolism, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Their involvement in oxidative phosphorylation, redox homeostasis, and enzymatic reactions has long been recognized. However, recent research has unveiled an extended role for flavins in the context of cancer. In parallel, riboflavin transporters (RFVTs), FAD synthase (FADS), and riboflavin kinase (RFK) have gained prominence in cancer research. These proteins, responsible for riboflavin uptake, FAD biosynthesis, and FMN generation, are integral components of the cellular machinery that governs flavin homeostasis. Dysregulation in the expression/function of these proteins has been associated with various cancers, underscoring their potential as diagnostic markers, therapeutic targets, and key determinants of cancer cell behavior. This review embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted role of flavins and of the flavoproteins involved in nucleus-mitochondria crosstalk in cancer. We journey through the influence of flavins on cancer cell energetics, the modulation of RFVTs in malignant transformation, the diagnostic and prognostic significance of FADS, and the implications of RFK in drug resistance and apoptosis. This review also underscores the potential of these molecules and processes as targets for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, offering new avenues for the battle against this relentless disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Nisco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Maria Tolomeo
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Department of DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Scalise
- Department of DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Katia Zanier
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling (CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242), Ecole Superieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Maria Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy.
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12
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Liu B, Li C, Li X, Wang J, Xie W, Woods DP, Li W, Zhu X, Yang S, Dong A, Amasino RM. The H3K4 demethylase JMJ1 is required for proper timing of flowering in Brachypodium distachyon. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:2729-2745. [PMID: 38652680 PMCID: PMC11218787 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Flowering is a key developmental transition in the plant life cycle. In temperate climates, flowering often occurs in response to the perception of seasonal cues such as changes in day-length and temperature. However, the mechanisms that have evolved to control the timing of flowering in temperate grasses are not fully understood. We identified a Brachypodium distachyon mutant whose flowering is delayed under inductive long-day conditions due to a mutation in the JMJ1 gene, which encodes a Jumonji domain-containing protein. JMJ1 is a histone demethylase that mainly demethylates H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 in vitro and in vivo. Analysis of the genome-wide distribution of H3K4me1, H3K4me2, and H3K4me3 in wild-type plants by chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing combined with RNA sequencing revealed that H3K4m1 and H3K4me3 are positively associated with gene transcript levels, whereas H3K4me2 is negatively correlated with transcript levels. Furthermore, JMJ1 directly binds to the chromatin of the flowering regulator genes VRN1 and ID1 and affects their transcription by modifying their H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 levels. Genetic analyses indicated that JMJ1 promotes flowering by activating VRN1 expression. Our study reveals a role for JMJ1-mediated chromatin modification in the proper timing of flowering in B. distachyon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Chengzhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Wenhao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Daniel P Woods
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Weiya Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Shuoming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Aiwu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Richard M Amasino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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13
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Jasmine S, Mandl A, Krueger TEG, Dalrymple SL, Antony L, Dias J, Celatka CA, Tapper AE, Kleppe M, Kanayama M, Jing Y, Speranzini V, Wang YZ, Luo J, Trock BJ, Denmeade SR, Carducci MA, Mattevi A, Rienhoff HY, Isaacs JT, Brennen WN. Characterization of structural, biochemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties of the LSD1 inhibitor bomedemstat in preclinical models. Prostate 2024; 84:909-921. [PMID: 38619005 PMCID: PMC11184632 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is emerging as a critical mediator of tumor progression in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is increasingly recognized as an adaptive mechanism of resistance in mCRPC patients failing androgen receptor axis-targeted therapies. Safe and effective LSD1 inhibitors are necessary to determine antitumor response in prostate cancer models. For this reason, we characterize the LSD1 inhibitor bomedemstat to assess its clinical potential in NEPC as well as other mCRPC pathological subtypes. METHODS Bomedemstat was characterized via crystallization, flavine adenine dinucleotide spectrophotometry, and enzyme kinetics. On-target effects were assessed in relevant prostate cancer cell models by measuring proliferation and H3K4 methylation using western blot analysis. In vivo, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of bomedemstat are also described. RESULTS Structural, biochemical, and PK/PD properties of bomedemstat, an irreversible, orally-bioavailable inhibitor of LSD1 are reported. Our data demonstrate bomedemstat has >2500-fold greater specificity for LSD1 over monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A and -B. Bomedemstat also demonstrates activity against several models of advanced CRPC, including NEPC patient-derived xenografts. Significant intra-tumoral accumulation of orally-administered bomedemstat is measured with micromolar levels achieved in vivo (1.2 ± 0.45 µM at the 7.5 mg/kg dose and 3.76 ± 0.43 µM at the 15 mg/kg dose). Daily oral dosing of bomedemstat at 40 mg/kg/day is well-tolerated, with on-target thrombocytopenia observed that is rapidly reversible following treatment cessation. CONCLUSIONS Bomedemstat provides enhanced specificity against LSD1, as revealed by structural and biochemical data. PK/PD data display an overall safety profile with manageable side effects resulting from LSD1 inhibition using bomedemstat in preclinical models. Altogether, our results support clinical testing of bomedemstat in the setting of mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumer Jasmine
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adel Mandl
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Timothy E. G. Krueger
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan L. Dalrymple
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lizamma Antony
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Dias
- Imago Biosciences Inc., A Subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Cassandra A. Celatka
- Imago Biosciences Inc., A Subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amy E. Tapper
- Imago Biosciences Inc., A Subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Maria Kleppe
- Imago Biosciences Inc., A Subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mayuko Kanayama
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuezhou Jing
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Yuzhuo Z. Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Vancouver Prostate Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bruce J. Trock
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Samuel R. Denmeade
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael A. Carducci
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea Mattevi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Hugh Y. Rienhoff
- Imago Biosciences Inc., A Subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John T. Isaacs
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - W. Nathaniel Brennen
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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14
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Ahmed A, Kato N, Gautier J. Replication-Independent ICL Repair: From Chemotherapy to Cell Homeostasis. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168618. [PMID: 38763228 PMCID: PMC11227339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) are a type of covalent lesion that can prevent transcription and replication by inhibiting DNA strand separation and instead trigger cell death. ICL inducing compounds are commonly used as chemotherapies due to their effectiveness in inhibiting cell proliferation. Naturally occurring crosslinking agents formed from metabolic processes can also pose a challenge to genome stability especially in slowly or non-dividing cells. Cells maintain a variety of ICL repair mechanisms to cope with this stressor within and outside the S phase of the cell cycle. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of various replication-independent ICL repair pathways and how crosslink repair efficiency is tied to aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arooba Ahmed
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Vagelos, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Niyo Kato
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Vagelos, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean Gautier
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Vagelos, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Vagelos, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Vagelos, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Ma J, Liangpunsakul S. Solving the puzzle of fibrosis resolution in alcohol-associated liver disease: An insight from KDM5 demethylases and LXR activation. Hepatology 2024; 80:14-17. [PMID: 38449427 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Medicine Service, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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16
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Su X, Li Y, Ren Y, Cao M, Yang G, Luo J, Hu Z, Deng H, Deng M, Liu B, Yao Z. A new strategy for overcoming drug resistance in liver cancer: Epigenetic regulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116902. [PMID: 38870626 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma has posed significant obstacles to effective treatment. Recent evidence indicates that, in addition to traditional gene mutations, epigenetic recoding plays a crucial role in HCC drug resistance. Unlike irreversible gene mutations, epigenetic changes are reversible, offering a promising avenue for preventing and overcoming drug resistance in liver cancer. This review focuses on various epigenetic modifications relevant to drug resistance in HCC and their underlying mechanisms. Additionally, we introduce current clinical epigenetic drugs and clinical trials of these drugs as regulators of drug resistance in other solid tumors. Although there is no clinical study to prevent the occurrence of drug resistance in liver cancer, the development of liquid biopsy and other technologies has provided a bridge to achieve this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic-Splenic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yupeng Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Mingbo Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Gaoyuan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ziyi Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic-Splenic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Haixia Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Meihai Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic-Splenic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhicheng Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic-Splenic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Zhao Y, Zheng Y, Fu J, Zhang J, Shao H, Liu S, Lai J, Zhou X, Liang R, Jia L, Cui W, Yang J, Wu C, Wang L. KDM1A, a potent and selective target, for the treatment of DNMT3A-deficient non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02772-x. [PMID: 38951697 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02772-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNMT3A is a crucial epigenetic regulation enzyme. However, due to its heterogeneous nature and frequent mutation in various cancers, the role of DNMT3A remains controversial. Here, we determine the role of DNMT3A in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to identify potential treatment strategies. METHODS To investigate the role of loss-of-function mutations of DNMT3A in NSCLC, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to induce DNMT3A-inactivating mutations. Epigenetic inhibitor library was screened to find the synthetic lethal partner of DNMT3A. Both pharmacological inhibitors and gene manipulation were used to evaluate the synthetic lethal efficacy of DNMT3A/KDM1A in vitro and in vivo. Lastly, MS-PCR, ChIP-qPCR, dual luciferase reporter gene assay and clinical sample analysis were applied to elucidate the regulation mechanism of synthetic lethal interaction. RESULTS We identified DNMT3A is a tumour suppressor gene in NSCLC and KDM1A as a synthetic lethal partner of DNMT3A deletion. Both chemical KDM1A inhibitors and gene manipulation can selectively reduce the viability of DNMT3A-KO cells through inducing cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. We clarified that the synthetic lethality is not only limited to the death mode, but also involved into tumour metastasis. Mechanistically, DNMT3A deficiency induces KDM1A upregulation through reducing the methylation status of the KDM1A promoter and analysis of clinical samples indicated that DNMT3A expression was negatively correlated with KDM1A level. CONCLUSION Our results provide new insight into the role of DNMT3A in NSCLC and elucidate the mechanism of synthetic lethal interaction between KDM1A and DNMT3A, which might represent a promising approach for treating patients with DNMT3A-deficient tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yonghao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jinjiang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Hui Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shougeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiacheng Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ruijuan Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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18
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Yang K, Liu H. Mining the Dynamical Properties of Substrate and FAD Binding Pockets of LSD1: Hints for New Inhibitor Design Direction. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:4773-4780. [PMID: 38837697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.4c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), a highly sophisticated epigenetic regulator, orchestrates a range of critical cellular processes, holding promising therapeutic potential for treating diverse diseases. However, the clinical research progress targeting LSD1 is very slow. After 20 years of research, only one small-molecule drug, BEA-17, targeting the degradation of LSD1 and CoREST has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The primary reason for this may be the lack of abundant structural data regarding its intricate functions. To gain a deeper understanding of its conformational dynamics and guide the drug design process, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations to explore the conformational states of LSD1 in the apo state and under the influence of cofactors of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and CoREST. Our results showed that, across all states, the substrate binding pocket exhibited high flexibility, whereas the FAD binding pocket remained more stable. These distinct dynamical properties are essential for LSD1's ability to bind various substrates while maintaining efficient demethylation activity. Both pockets can be enlarged by merging with adjacent pockets, although only the substrate binding pocket can shrink into smaller pockets. These new pocket shapes can inform inhibitor design, particularly for selectively FAD-competitive inhibitors of LSD1, given the presence of numerous FAD-dependent enzymes in the human body. More interestingly, in the absence of FAD binding, the united substrate and FAD binding pocket are partitioned by the conserved residue of Tyr761, offering valuable insights for the design of inhibitors that disrupt the crucial steric role of Tyr761 and the redox role of FAD. Additionally, we identified pockets that positively or negatively correlate with the substrate and FAD binding pockets, which can be exploited for the design of allosteric or concurrent inhibitors. Our results reveal the intricate dynamical properties of LSD1 as well as multiple novel conformational states, which deepen our understanding of its sophisticated functions and aid in the rational design of new inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Yang
- National Supercomputing Center in Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Hongmin Liu
- Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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19
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Wang H, Helin K. Roles of H3K4 methylation in biology and disease. Trends Cell Biol 2024:S0962-8924(24)00115-6. [PMID: 38909006 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, including posttranslational modifications of histones, are closely linked to transcriptional regulation. Trimethylated H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) is one of the most studied histone modifications owing to its enrichment at the start sites of transcription and its association with gene expression and processes determining cell fate, development, and disease. In this review, we focus on recent studies that have yielded insights into how levels and patterns of H3K4me3 are regulated, how H3K4me3 contributes to the regulation of specific phases of transcription such as RNA polymerase II initiation, pause-release, heterogeneity, and consistency. The conclusion from these studies is that H3K4me3 by itself regulates gene expression and its precise regulation is essential for normal development and preventing disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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20
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Zhang Y, Du Y, Liao K, Peng T. Modular development of organelle-targeting fluorescent probes for imaging formaldehyde in live cells. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:3646-3653. [PMID: 38738568 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00360h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is endogenously generated via fundamental biological processes in living systems. Aberrant FA homeostasis in subcellular microenvironments is implicated in numerous pathological conditions. Fluorescent probes for detecting FA in specific organelles are thus of great research interest. Herein, we present a modular strategy to construct diverse organelle-targeting FA probes by incorporating selective organelle-targeting moieties into the scaffold of a 1,8-naphthalimide-derived FA fluorescent probe. These probes react with FA through the 2-aza-Cope arrangement and exhibit highly selective fluorescence increases for detecting FA in aqueous solutions. Moreover, these organelle-targeting probes, i.e., FFP551-Nuc, FFP551-ER, FFP551-Mito, and FFP551-Lyso, allow selective localization and imaging of FA in the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and lysosomes of live mammalian cells, respectively. Furthermore, FFP551-Nuc has been successfully employed to monitor changes of endogenous FA levels in the nucleus of live mammalian cells. Overall, these probes should represent new imaging tools for studying the biology and pathology associated with FA in different intracellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yimeng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Kongke Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
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21
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Thomas M, Jaber Sathik Rifayee SB, Chaturvedi SS, Gorantla KR, White W, Wildey J, Schofield CJ, Christov CZ. The Unique Role of the Second Coordination Sphere to Unlock and Control Catalysis in Nonheme Fe(II)/2-Oxoglutarate Histone Demethylase KDM2A. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10737-10755. [PMID: 38781256 PMCID: PMC11168414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Nonheme Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent histone lysine demethylases 2A (KDM2A) catalyze the demethylation of the mono- or dimethylated lysine 36 residue in the histone H3 peptide (H3K36me1/me2), which plays a crucial role in epigenetic regulation and can be involved in many cancers. Although the overall catalytic mechanism of KDMs has been studied, how KDM2 catalysis takes place in contrast to other KDMs remains unknown. Understanding such differences is vital for enzyme redesign and can help in enzyme-selective drug design. Herein, we employed molecular dynamics (MD) and combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) to explore the complete catalytic mechanism of KDM2A, including dioxygen diffusion and binding, dioxygen activation, and substrate oxidation. Our study demonstrates that the catalysis of KDM2A is controlled by the conformational change of the second coordination sphere (SCS), specifically by a change in the orientation of Y222, which unlocks the 2OG rearrangement from off-line to in-line mode. The study demonstrates that the variant Y222A makes the 2OG rearrangement more favorable. Furthermore, the study reveals that it is the size of H3K36me3 that prevents the 2OG rearrangement, thus rendering the enzyme inactivity with trimethylated lysine. Calculations show that the SCS and long-range interacting residues that stabilize the HAT transition state in KDM2A differ from those in KDM4A, KDM7B, and KDM6A, thus providing the basics for the enzyme-selective redesign and modulation of KDM2A without influencing other KDMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midhun
George Thomas
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan
Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | | | - Shobhit S. Chaturvedi
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan
Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Koteswara Rao Gorantla
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan
Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Walter White
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan
Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Jon Wildey
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan
Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford
Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University
of Oxford, 12, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 5JJ, U.K.
| | - Christo Z. Christov
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan
Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
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22
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Wang Z, Townley SL, Zhang S, Liu M, Li M, Labaf M, Patalano S, Venkataramani K, Siegfried KR, Macoska JA, Han D, Gao S, Risbridger GP, Taylor RA, Lawrence MG, He HH, Selth LA, Cai C. FOXA2 rewires AP-1 for transcriptional reprogramming and lineage plasticity in prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4914. [PMID: 38851846 PMCID: PMC11162502 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
FOXA family proteins act as pioneer factors by remodeling compact chromatin structures. FOXA1 is crucial for the chromatin binding of the androgen receptor (AR) in both normal prostate epithelial cells and the luminal subtype of prostate cancer (PCa). Recent studies have highlighted the emergence of FOXA2 as an adaptive response to AR signaling inhibition treatments. However, the role of the FOXA1 to FOXA2 transition in regulating cancer lineage plasticity remains unclear. Our study demonstrates that FOXA2 binds to distinct classes of developmental enhancers in multiple AR-independent PCa subtypes, with its binding depending on LSD1. Moreover, we reveal that FOXA2 collaborates with JUN at chromatin and promotes transcriptional reprogramming of AP-1 in lineage-plastic cancer cells, thereby facilitating cell state transitions to multiple lineages. Overall, our findings underscore the pivotal role of FOXA2 as a pan-plasticity driver that rewires AP-1 to induce the differential transcriptional reprogramming necessary for cancer cell lineage plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Wang
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Department of Cell Biology and Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Scott L Townley
- Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Songqi Zhang
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Mingyu Liu
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Muqing Li
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Maryam Labaf
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Susan Patalano
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Kavita Venkataramani
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Kellee R Siegfried
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Jill A Macoska
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Dong Han
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, 10595, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, 10595, USA
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Melbourne Urological Research Alliance, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Cabrini Institute, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia
| | - Renea A Taylor
- Melbourne Urological Research Alliance, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Cabrini Institute, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Mitchell G Lawrence
- Melbourne Urological Research Alliance, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Cabrini Institute, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia
| | - Housheng Hansen He
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Luke A Selth
- Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Changmeng Cai
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA.
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23
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Senanayaka D, Zeng D, Deniz E, Priyankara IK, Helmbreck J, Schneider O, Mardikar A, Uren A, Reiter NJ. Anticancer Drugs of Lysine Specific Histone Demethylase-1 (LSD1) Display Variable Inhibition on Nucleosome Substrates. Biochemistry 2024; 63:1369-1375. [PMID: 38742921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.4c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Lysine specific demethylase-1 (LSD1) serves as a regulator of transcription and represents a promising epigenetic target for anticancer treatment. LSD1 inhibitors are in clinical trials for the treatment of Ewing's sarcoma (EWS), acute myeloid leukemia, and small cell lung cancer, and the development of robust inhibitors requires accurate methods for probing demethylation, potency, and selectivity. Here, the inhibition kinetics on the H3K4me2 peptide and nucleosome substrates was examined, comparing the rates of demethylation in the presence of reversible [CC-90011 (PD) and SP-2577 (SD)] and irreversible [ORY-1001 (ID) and tranylcypromine (TCP)] inhibitors. Inhibitors were also subject to viability studies in three human cell lines and Western blot assays to monitor H3K4me2 nucleosome levels in EWS (TC-32) cells, enabling a correlation of drug potency, inhibition in vitro, and cell-based studies. For example, SP-2577, a drug in clinical trials for EWS, inhibits activity on small peptide substrates (Ki = 60 ± 20 nM) using an indirect coupled assay but does not inhibit demethylation on H3K4me2 peptides or nucleosomes using direct Western blot approaches. In addition, the drug has no effect on H3K4me2 levels in TC-32 cells. These data show that SP-2577 is not an LSD1 enzyme inhibitor, although the drug may function independent of demethylation due to its cytotoxic selectivity in TC-32 cells. Taken together, this work highlights the pitfalls of using coupled assays to ascribe a drug's mode of action, emphasizes the use of physiologically relevant substrates in epigenetic drug targeting strategies, and provides insight into the development of substrate-selective inhibitors of LSD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulmi Senanayaka
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233. United States
| | - Danyun Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233. United States
| | - Emre Deniz
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20007, United States
| | - Indunil K Priyankara
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233. United States
| | - Joceline Helmbreck
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233. United States
| | - Owen Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233. United States
| | - Aashay Mardikar
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233. United States
| | - Aykut Uren
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20007, United States
| | - Nicholas J Reiter
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233. United States
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24
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Kawaf RR, Ramadan WS, El-Awady R. Deciphering the interplay of histone post-translational modifications in cancer: Co-targeting histone modulators for precision therapy. Life Sci 2024; 346:122639. [PMID: 38615747 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Chromatin undergoes dynamic regulation through reversible histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), orchestrated by "writers," "erasers," and "readers" enzymes. Dysregulation of these histone modulators is well implicated in shaping the cancer epigenome and providing avenues for precision therapies. The approval of six drugs for cancer therapy targeting histone modulators, along with the ongoing clinical trials of numerous candidates, represents a significant advancement in the field of precision medicine. Recently, it became apparent that histone PTMs act together in a coordinated manner to control gene expression. The intricate crosstalk of histone PTMs has been reported to be dysregulated in cancer, thus emerging as a critical factor in the complex landscape of cancer development. This formed the foundation of the swift emergence of co-targeting different histone modulators as a new strategy in cancer therapy. This review dissects how histone PTMs, encompassing acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, SUMOylation and ubiquitination, collaboratively influence the chromatin states and impact cellular processes. Furthermore, we explore the significance of histone modification crosstalk in cancer and discuss the potential of targeting histone modification crosstalk in cancer management. Moreover, we underscore the significant strides made in developing dual epigenetic inhibitors, which hold promise as emerging candidates for effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan R Kawaf
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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25
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Benedict B, Kristensen SM, Duxin JP. What are the DNA lesions underlying formaldehyde toxicity? DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 138:103667. [PMID: 38554505 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Formaldehyde is a highly reactive organic compound. Humans can be exposed to exogenous sources of formaldehyde, but formaldehyde is also produced endogenously as a byproduct of cellular metabolism. Because formaldehyde can react with DNA, it is considered a major endogenous source of DNA damage. However, the nature of the lesions underlying formaldehyde toxicity in cells remains vastly unknown. Here, we review the current knowledge of the different types of nucleic acid lesions that are induced by formaldehyde and describe the repair pathways known to counteract formaldehyde toxicity. Taking this knowledge together, we discuss and speculate on the predominant lesions generated by formaldehyde, which underly its natural toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Benedict
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Stella Munkholm Kristensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Julien P Duxin
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark.
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26
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Ahmad Sheikh K, Parveen D, Mumtaz Alam M, Azam F, Ahmed Khan M, Akhter M, Tasneem S, Meenu, Parvez S, Imtiyaz K, Rizvi MA, Shaquiquzzaman M. Exploring cyclopropylamine containing cyanopyrimidines as LSD1 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, ADMET, MD analysis and anticancer activity profiling. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107336. [PMID: 38636431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
In this series we report the structure-based design, synthesis and anticancer activity evaluation of a series of eighteen cyclopropylamine containing cyanopyrimidine derivatives. The computational predictions of ADMET properties revealed appropriate aqueous solubility, high GI absorption, no BBB permeability, no Lipinski rule violations, medium total clearance and no mutagenic, tumorigenic, irritant and reproductive toxic risks for most of the compounds. Compounds VIIb, VIIi and VIIm emerged as the most potent anticancer agents among all compounds evaluated against 60 cancer cell lines through the one-dose (10 µM) sulforhodamine B assay. Further, the multiple dose cell viability studies against cancer cell lines MOLT-4, A549 and HCT-116 revealed results consistent with the one-dose assay, besides sparing normal cell line HEK-293. The three potent compounds also displayed potent LSD1 inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 2.25, 1.80 and 6.08 µM. The n-propyl-thio/isopropyl-thio group bonded to the pyrimidine ring and unsubstituted/ electron donating group (at the para- position) attached to the phenyl ring resulted in enhanced anticancer activity. However, against leukemia cancer, the electron donating isopropyl group remarkably enhanced anti-cancer activity. Our findings provide important leads, which merit further optimization to result in better cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khursheed Ahmad Sheikh
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Darakhshan Parveen
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sharba Tasneem
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Meenu
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Khalid Imtiyaz
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Bioscience, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Moshahid A Rizvi
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Bioscience, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - M Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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27
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Azam HMH, Rößling RI, Geithe C, Khan MM, Dinter F, Hanack K, Prüß H, Husse B, Roggenbuck D, Schierack P, Rödiger S. MicroRNA biomarkers as next-generation diagnostic tools for neurodegenerative diseases: a comprehensive review. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1386735. [PMID: 38883980 PMCID: PMC11177777 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1386735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by abnormalities within neurons of the brain or spinal cord that gradually lose function, eventually leading to cell death. Upon examination of affected tissue, pathological changes reveal a loss of synapses, misfolded proteins, and activation of immune cells-all indicative of disease progression-before severe clinical symptoms become apparent. Early detection of NDs is crucial for potentially administering targeted medications that may delay disease advancement. Given their complex pathophysiological features and diverse clinical symptoms, there is a pressing need for sensitive and effective diagnostic methods for NDs. Biomarkers such as microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as potential tools for detecting these diseases. We explore the pivotal role of miRNAs in the context of NDs, focusing on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. The review delves into the intricate relationship between aging and NDs, highlighting structural and functional alterations in the aging brain and their implications for disease development. It elucidates how miRNAs and RNA-binding proteins are implicated in the pathogenesis of NDs and underscores the importance of investigating their expression and function in aging. Significantly, miRNAs exert substantial influence on post-translational modifications (PTMs), impacting not just the nervous system but a wide array of tissues and cell types as well. Specific miRNAs have been found to target proteins involved in ubiquitination or de-ubiquitination processes, which play a significant role in regulating protein function and stability. We discuss the link between miRNA, PTM, and NDs. Additionally, the review discusses the significance of miRNAs as biomarkers for early disease detection, offering insights into diagnostic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Husnain Azam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Rosa Ilse Rößling
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Geithe
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus - Senftenberg, The Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad Moman Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Dinter
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- PolyAn GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Hanack
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Harald Prüß
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Husse
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Roggenbuck
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schierack
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rödiger
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus - Senftenberg, The Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Berlin, Germany
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Pan S, Yuan T, Xia Y, Yu W, Zhou X, Cheng F. Role of Histone Modifications in Kidney Fibrosis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:888. [PMID: 38929505 PMCID: PMC11205584 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by persistent kidney dysfunction, ultimately resulting in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal fibrosis is a crucial pathological feature of CKD and ESRD. However, there is no effective treatment for this condition. Despite the complex molecular mechanisms involved in renal fibrosis, increasing evidence highlights the crucial role of histone modification in its regulation. The reversibility of histone modifications offers promising avenues for therapeutic strategies to block or reverse renal fibrosis. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory implications of histone modifications in fibrosis may provide novel insights into more effective and safer therapeutic approaches. This review highlights the regulatory mechanisms and recent advances in histone modifications in renal fibrosis, particularly histone methylation and histone acetylation. The aim is to explore the potential of histone modifications as targets for treating renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiangjun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (S.P.); (T.Y.); (Y.X.); (W.Y.)
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (S.P.); (T.Y.); (Y.X.); (W.Y.)
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Qiu F, Jiang P, Zhang G, An J, Ruan K, Lyu X, Zhou J, Sheng W. Priming with LSD1 inhibitors promotes the persistence and antitumor effect of adoptively transferred T cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4327. [PMID: 38773088 PMCID: PMC11109160 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48607-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The antitumor efficacy of adoptively transferred T cells is limited by their poor persistence, in part due to exhaustion, but the underlying mechanisms and potential interventions remain underexplored. Here, we show that targeting histone demethylase LSD1 by chemical inhibitors reshapes the epigenome of in vitro activated and expanded CD8+ T cells, and potentiates their antitumor efficacy. Upon T cell receptor activation and IL-2 signaling, a timely and transient inhibition of LSD1 suffices to improve the memory phenotype of mouse CD8+ T cells, associated with a better ability to produce multiple cytokines, resist exhaustion, and persist in both antigen-dependent and -independent manners after adoptive transfer. Consequently, OT1 cells primed with LSD1 inhibitors demonstrate an enhanced antitumor effect in OVA-expressing solid tumor models implanted in female mice, both as a standalone treatment and in combination with PD-1 blockade. Moreover, priming with LSD1 inhibitors promotes polyfunctionality of human CD8+ T cells, and increases the persistence and antitumor efficacy of human CD19-CAR T cells in both leukemia and solid tumor models. Thus, pharmacological inhibition of LSD1 could be exploited to improve adoptive T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peishan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Immunology and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guiheng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Immunology and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie An
- Institute of Immunology and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Ruan
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Jianya Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wanqiang Sheng
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Immunology and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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30
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Yu G, Chen D, Ye M, Wu X, Zhu Z, Shen Y, Mehareb EM, Esh A, Raza G, Wang K, Wang Q, Jin JB. H3K27 demethylase SsJMJ4 negatively regulates drought-stress responses in sugarcane. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3040-3053. [PMID: 38310636 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), a leading sugar and energy crop, is seriously impacted by drought stress. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying sugarcane drought resistance, especially the functions of epigenetic regulators, remain elusive. Here, we show that a S. spontaneum KDM4/JHDM3 group JmjC protein, SsJMJ4, negatively regulates drought-stress responses through its H3K27me3 demethylase activity. Ectopic overexpression of SsJMJ4 in Arabidopsis reduced drought resistance possibly by promoting expression of AtWRKY54 and AtWRKY70, encoding two negative regulators of drought stress. SsJMJ4 directly bound to AtWRKY54 and AtWRKY70, and reduced H3K27me3 levels at these loci to ensure their proper transcription under normal conditions. Drought stress down-regulated both transcription and protein abundance of SsJMJ4, which was correlated with the reduced occupancy of SsJMJ4 at AtWRKY54 and AtWRKY70 chromatin, increased H3K27me3 levels at these loci, as well as reduced transcription levels of these genes. In S. spontaneum, drought stress-repressed transcription of SsWRKY122, an ortholog of AtWRKY54 and AtWRKY70, was associated with increased H3K27me3 levels at these loci. Transient overexpression of SsJMJ4 in S. spontaneum protoplasts raised transcription of SsWRKY122, paralleled with reduced H3K27me3 levels at its loci. These results suggest that the SsJMJ4-mediated dynamic deposition of H3K27me3 is required for an appropriate response to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangrun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Daoqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Meiling Ye
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoge Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Eid M Mehareb
- Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Ayman Esh
- Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Ghulam Raza
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Qiongli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Bo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, Shandong, China
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Guo Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Chen Q, Sun Y, Kang L, Jiang Y. Phosphorylation of LSD1 at serine 54 regulates genes involved in follicle selection by enhancing demethylation activity in chicken ovarian granulosa cells. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103850. [PMID: 38838589 PMCID: PMC11190704 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Follicle selection in chicken refers to the process of selecting a follicle to enter hierarchy from a cohort of small yellow follicles (SY) with a diameter of 6 to 8 mm. The follicle being selected will develop rapidly and ovulate. Follicle selection is a key stage affecting chicken egg-laying performance. Our previous study showed that the phosphorylation level of lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1A (LSD1) at serine 54 (LSD1Ser54p) was significantly increased in F6 follicles compared to prehierarchal SY follicles, but its function was unclear. Here, the mechanism of this modification, the effect of LSD1Ser54p dephosphorylation on gene expression profile of chicken hierarchal granulosa cells and the function of fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) that is regulated by LSD1Ser54p were further investigated. The modification of LSD1Ser54p was predicted to be mediated by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3). Treatment of chicken hierarchal granulosa cells with CDK5 inhibitor significantly decreased LSD1Ser54p level (P < 0.05) and LSD1Ser54p interacted with CDK5, suggesting that, in the granulosa cells of chicken hierarchal follicles, LSD1Ser54p modification was carried out by CDK5. When the LSD1Ser54p level decreased in the granulosa cells of chicken hierarchal follicles, both the mRNA expression of FGF9 and α-actinin 2 (ACTN2) and the H3K4me2 level in their promoter regions significantly increased (P < 0.05), indicating that this phosphorylation modification enhanced the demethylation activity of LSD1. Moreover, in chicken hierarchal granulosa cells, overexpression of chicken FGF9 stimulated their proliferation and increased the mRNA expression of hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 1 (Hsd3b) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). This study collectively revealed that phosphorylation of LSD1 at serine 54 by CDK5 enhanced its demethylation activity in chicken ovarian granulosa cells and regulated genes including FGF9 that is engaged in chicken follicle selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Qiuyue Chen
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Li Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
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Lin CT, Ting RT, Ou YH, Shao TL, Lee MC. Protein degradation of Lsd1 is mediated by Bre1 yet opposed by Lsd1-interacting lncRNAs during fly follicle development. iScience 2024; 27:109683. [PMID: 38655201 PMCID: PMC11035368 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue development, homeostasis, and repair all require efficient progenitor expansion. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (Lsd1) maintains plastic epigenetic states to promote progenitor proliferation while overexpressed Lsd1 protein causes oncogenic gene expression in cancer cells. However, the precise regulation of Lsd1 protein expression at the molecular level to drive progenitor differentiation remains unclear. Here, using Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis as our experimental system, we discovered molecular machineries that modify Lsd1 protein stability in vivo. Through genetic and biochemical analyses, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, Bre1, was identified as required for follicle progenitor differentiation, likely by mediating Lsd1 protein degradation. Interestingly, specific Lsd1-interacting long non-coding RNAs (LINRs) were found to antagonize Bre1-mediated Lsd1 protein degradation. The intricate interplay discovered among the Lsd1 complex, LINRs and Bre1 provides insight into how Lsd1 protein stability is fine-tuned to underlie progenitor differentiation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ting Lin
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Info & Research Bldg, Rm 904, #155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Teng Ting
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Info & Research Bldg, Rm 904, #155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsuan Ou
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Info & Research Bldg, Rm 904, #155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ling Shao
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Info & Research Bldg, Rm 904, #155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chia Lee
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Info & Research Bldg, Rm 904, #155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
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González-Suárez M, Aguilar-Arnal L. Histone methylation: at the crossroad between circadian rhythms in transcription and metabolism. Front Genet 2024; 15:1343030. [PMID: 38818037 PMCID: PMC11137191 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1343030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms, essential 24-hour cycles guiding biological functions, synchronize organisms with daily environmental changes. These rhythms, which are evolutionarily conserved, govern key processes like feeding, sleep, metabolism, body temperature, and endocrine secretion. The central clock, located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), orchestrates a hierarchical network, synchronizing subsidiary peripheral clocks. At the cellular level, circadian expression involves transcription factors and epigenetic remodelers, with environmental signals contributing flexibility. Circadian disruption links to diverse diseases, emphasizing the urgency to comprehend the underlying mechanisms. This review explores the communication between the environment and chromatin, focusing on histone post-translational modifications. Special attention is given to the significance of histone methylation in circadian rhythms and metabolic control, highlighting its potential role as a crucial link between metabolism and circadian rhythms. Understanding these molecular intricacies holds promise for preventing and treating complex diseases associated with circadian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Aguilar-Arnal
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Zhong Y, Zhou X, Pan Z, Zhang J, Pan J. Role of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in age-related bone homeostasis imbalance. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23642. [PMID: 38690719 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302665r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Alterations to the human organism that are brought about by aging are comprehensive and detrimental. Of these, an imbalance in bone homeostasis is a major outward manifestation of aging. In older adults, the decreased osteogenic activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the inhibition of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation lead to decreased bone mass, increased risk of fracture, and impaired bone injury healing. In the past decades, numerous studies have reported the epigenetic alterations that occur during aging, such as decreased core histones, altered DNA methylation patterns, and abnormalities in noncoding RNAs, which ultimately lead to genomic abnormalities and affect the expression of downstream signaling osteoporosis treatment and promoter of fracture healing in older adults. The current review summarizes the impact of epigenetic regulation mechanisms on age-related bone homeostasis imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueer Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zijian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Fan Z, Liu X, Wang N, Yu S, Bi C, Si Y, Ling X, Liu C, Wang J, Sun H. Utilizing a structure-based virtual screening approach to discover potential LSD1 inhibitors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:253. [PMID: 38748285 PMCID: PMC11096237 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is highly expressed in a variety of malignant tumors, rendering it a crucial epigenetic target for anti-tumor therapy. Therefore, the inhibition of LSD1 activity has emerged as a promising innovative therapeutic approach for targeted cancer treatment. METHODS In our study, we employed innovative structure-based drug design methods to meticulously select compounds from the ZINC15 database. Utilizing virtual docking, we evaluated docking scores and binding modes to identify potential inhibitors. To further validate our findings, we harnessed molecular dynamic simulations and conducted meticulous biochemical experiments to deeply analyze the binding interactions between the protein and compounds. RESULTS Our results showcased that ZINC10039815 exhibits an exquisite binding mode with LSD1, fitting perfectly into the active pocket and forming robust interactions with multiple critical residues of the protein. CONCLUSIONS With its significant inhibitory effect on LSD1 activity, ZINC10039815 emerges as a highly promising candidate for the development of novel LSD1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Fan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangyangzhonglu No. 136, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Internal Medicine Department, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangyangzhonglu No. 136, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Yu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangyangzhonglu No. 136, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, China
| | - Caili Bi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangyangzhonglu No. 136, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yue Si
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangyangzhonglu No. 136, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Ling
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangyangzhonglu No. 136, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chenxu Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangyangzhonglu No. 136, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Yangzhou University Affiliated Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Jiangyangzhonglu No. 136, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, China.
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Zhao X, Zhang Y, Qu S, Tang W, He T, Li P, Zheng X. SP2509, a specific antagonist of LSD1, exhibits antiviral properties against Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:187. [PMID: 38730463 PMCID: PMC11084069 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a type of coronavirus, is one of the main pathogens that can infect pigs of all ages. It causes diarrhea and acute death of newborn piglets, resulting in massive economic losses to the worldwide swine industry. While vaccination remains the primary approach in combating PEDV, it often fails to address all the challenges posed by the infection, particularly in light of the emergence of evolving mutant strains. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify potent antiviral drugs that can effectively safeguard pigs against PEDV infection. RESULTS In this study, the antiviral efficacy of SP2509, a specific antagonist of Lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1), was evaluated in vitro. The RT-qPCR, Western blot, TCID50, and IFA showed that at a concentration of 1µmol/L, SP2509 significantly inhibited PEDV infection. Additionally, viral life cycle assays showed that SP2509 operates by impeding PEDV internalization and replication rather than attachment and release. Regarding mechanism, in Huh-7 cells, knockdowns LSD1 can suppress PEDV replication. This indicated that the inhibition effect of SP2509 on PEDV largely depends on the activity of its target protein, LSD1. CONCLUSION Our results in vitro show that SP2509 can inhibit PEDV infection during the internalization and replication stage and revealed a role of LSD1 as a restriction factor for PEDV. These imply that LSD1 might be a target for interfering with the viral infection, and SP2509 could be developed as an effective anti-PEDV agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Shiyin Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wuyang Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Tianqiong He
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Pishun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Kim HM, Liu Z. LSD2 Is an Epigenetic Player in Multiple Types of Cancer and Beyond. Biomolecules 2024; 14:553. [PMID: 38785960 PMCID: PMC11118440 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone demethylases, enzymes responsible for removing methyl groups from histone proteins, have emerged as critical players in regulating gene expression and chromatin dynamics, thereby influencing various cellular processes. LSD2 and LSD1 have attracted considerable interest among these demethylases because of their associations with cancer. However, while LSD1 has received significant attention, LSD2 has not been recognized to the same extent. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive comparison between LSD2 and LSD1, with a focus on exploring LSD2's implications. While both share structural similarities, LSD2 possesses unique features as well. Functionally, LSD2 shows diverse roles, particularly in cancer, with tissue-dependent roles. Additionally, LSD2 extends beyond histone demethylation, impacting DNA methylation, cancer cell reprogramming, E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and DNA damage repair pathways. This study underscores the distinct roles of LSD2, providing insights into their contributions to cancer and other cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Min Kim
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan 215316, China
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Zhu Z, He M, Zhang T, Zhao T, Qin S, Gao M, Wang W, Zheng W, Chen Z, Liu L, Hao M, Zhou B, Zhang H, Wang J, Wang F, Xia G, Wang C. LSD1 promotes the FSH responsive follicle formation by regulating autophagy and repressing Wt1 in the granulosa cells. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1122-1136. [PMID: 38302330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In a growing follicle, the survival and maturation of the oocyte largely depend on support from somatic cells to facilitate FSH-induced mutual signaling and chemical communication. Although apoptosis and autophagy in somatic cells are involved in the process of FSH-induced follicular development, the underlying mechanisms require substantial study. According to our study, along with FSH-induced antral follicles (AFs) formation, both lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) protein levels and autophagy increased simultaneously in granulosa cells (GCs) in a time-dependent manner, we therefore evaluated the importance of LSD1 upon facilitating the formation of AFs correlated to autophagy in GCs. Conditional knockout of Lsd1 in GCs resulted in significantly decreased AF number and subfertility in females, accompanied by marked suppression of the autophagy in GCs. On the one hand, depletion of Lsd1 resulted in accumulation of Wilms tumor 1 homolog (WT1), at both the protein and mRNA levels. WT1 prevented the expression of FSH receptor (Fshr) in GCs and thus reduced the responsiveness of the secondary follicles to FSH induction. On the other hand, depletion of LSD1 resulted in suppressed level of autophagy by upregulation of ATG16L2 in GCs. We finally approved that LSD1 contributed to these sequential activities in GCs through its H3K4me2 demethylase activity. Therefore, the importance of LSD1 in GCs is attributable to its roles in both accelerating autophagy and suppressing WT1 expression to ensure the responsiveness of GCs to FSH during AFs formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meina He
- College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaogang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenji Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Wenying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Longping Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianbin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- Transgenic Animal Center, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Guoliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Ho S, Theurkauf W, Rice N. piRNA-Guided Transposon Silencing and Response to Stress in Drosophila Germline. Viruses 2024; 16:714. [PMID: 38793595 PMCID: PMC11125864 DOI: 10.3390/v16050714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Transposons are integral genome constituents that can be domesticated for host functions, but they also represent a significant threat to genome stability. Transposon silencing is especially critical in the germline, which is dedicated to transmitting inherited genetic material. The small Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have a deeply conserved function in transposon silencing in the germline. piRNA biogenesis and function are particularly well understood in Drosophila melanogaster, but some fundamental mechanisms remain elusive and there is growing evidence that the pathway is regulated in response to genotoxic and environmental stress. Here, we review transposon regulation by piRNAs and the piRNA pathway regulation in response to stress, focusing on the Drosophila female germline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ho
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University Campus, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA;
| | | | - Nicholas Rice
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University Campus, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA;
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40
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Myers G, Sun Y, Wang Y, Benmhammed H, Cui S. Roles of Nuclear Orphan Receptors TR2 and TR4 during Hematopoiesis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:563. [PMID: 38790192 PMCID: PMC11121135 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
TR2 and TR4 (NR2C1 and NR2C2, respectively) are evolutionarily conserved nuclear orphan receptors capable of binding direct repeat sequences in a stage-specific manner. Like other nuclear receptors, TR2 and TR4 possess important roles in transcriptional activation or repression with developmental stage and tissue specificity. TR2 and TR4 bind DNA and possess the ability to complex with available cofactors mediating developmental stage-specific actions in primitive and definitive erythrocytes. In erythropoiesis, TR2 and TR4 are required for erythroid development, maturation, and key erythroid transcription factor regulation. TR2 and TR4 recruit and interact with transcriptional corepressors or coactivators to elicit developmental stage-specific gene regulation during hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greggory Myers
- Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (G.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yanan Sun
- Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Yu Wang
- Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (G.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hajar Benmhammed
- Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Shuaiying Cui
- Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.S.); (H.B.)
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41
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Cai Q, Sahu R, Ueberschlag-Pitiot V, Souali-Crespo S, Charvet C, Silem I, Cottard F, Ye T, Taleb F, Metzger E, Schuele R, Billas IML, Laverny G, Metzger D, Duteil D. LSD1 inhibition circumvents glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting of male mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3563. [PMID: 38670969 PMCID: PMC11053113 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47846-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids (GC), such as dexamethasone, are extensively used to treat chronic inflammation and autoimmune disorders. However, long-term treatments are limited by various side effects, including muscle atrophy. GC activities are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), that regulates target gene expression in various tissues in association with cell-specific co-regulators. Here we show that GR and the lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) interact in myofibers of male mice, and that LSD1 connects GR-bound enhancers with NRF1-associated promoters to stimulate target gene expression. In addition, we unravel that LSD1 demethylase activity is required for triggering starvation- and dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle proteolysis in collaboration with GR. Importantly, inhibition of LSD1 circumvents muscle wasting induced by pharmacological levels of dexamethasone, without affecting their anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, our findings provide mechanistic insights into the muscle-specific GC activities, and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting GR co-regulators to limit corticotherapy-induced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshuang Cai
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Rajesh Sahu
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Sirine Souali-Crespo
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Céline Charvet
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Ilyes Silem
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Félicie Cottard
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Tao Ye
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Fatima Taleb
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Eric Metzger
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Schuele
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle M L Billas
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Gilles Laverny
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Daniel Metzger
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Delphine Duteil
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400, Illkirch, France.
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42
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Kong LR, Gupta K, Wu AJ, Perera D, Ivanyi-Nagy R, Ahmed SM, Tan TZ, Tan SLW, Fuddin A, Sundaramoorthy E, Goh GS, Wong RTX, Costa ASH, Oddy C, Wong H, Patro CPK, Kho YS, Huang XZ, Choo J, Shehata M, Lee SC, Goh BC, Frezza C, Pitt JJ, Venkitaraman AR. A glycolytic metabolite bypasses "two-hit" tumor suppression by BRCA2. Cell 2024; 187:2269-2287.e16. [PMID: 38608703 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Knudson's "two-hit" paradigm posits that carcinogenesis requires inactivation of both copies of an autosomal tumor suppressor gene. Here, we report that the glycolytic metabolite methylglyoxal (MGO) transiently bypasses Knudson's paradigm by inactivating the breast cancer suppressor protein BRCA2 to elicit a cancer-associated, mutational single-base substitution (SBS) signature in nonmalignant mammary cells or patient-derived organoids. Germline monoallelic BRCA2 mutations predispose to these changes. An analogous SBS signature, again without biallelic BRCA2 inactivation, accompanies MGO accumulation and DNA damage in Kras-driven, Brca2-mutant murine pancreatic cancers and human breast cancers. MGO triggers BRCA2 proteolysis, temporarily disabling BRCA2's tumor suppressive functions in DNA repair and replication, causing functional haploinsufficiency. Intermittent MGO exposure incites episodic SBS mutations without permanent BRCA2 inactivation. Thus, a metabolic mechanism wherein MGO-induced BRCA2 haploinsufficiency transiently bypasses Knudson's two-hit requirement could link glycolysis activation by oncogenes, metabolic disorders, or dietary challenges to mutational signatures implicated in cancer evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren Kong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Komal Gupta
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Andy Jialun Wu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - David Perera
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | | | - Syed Moiz Ahmed
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Shawn Lu-Wen Tan
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana S H Costa
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Callum Oddy
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Hannan Wong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - C Pawan K Patro
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Yun Suen Kho
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Xiao Zi Huang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Joan Choo
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Mona Shehata
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Soo Chin Lee
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Christian Frezza
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; University of Cologne, 50923 Köln, Germany
| | - Jason J Pitt
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Ashok R Venkitaraman
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
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43
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Mouradian S, Cicciarello D, Lacoste N, Risson V, Berretta F, Le Grand F, Rose N, Simonet T, Schaeffer L, Scionti I. LSD1 controls a nuclear checkpoint in Wnt/β-Catenin signaling to regulate muscle stem cell self-renewal. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:3667-3681. [PMID: 38321961 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-Catenin pathway plays a key role in cell fate determination during development and in adult tissue regeneration by stem cells. These processes involve profound gene expression and epigenome remodeling and linking Wnt/β-Catenin signaling to chromatin modifications has been a challenge over the past decades. Functional studies of the lysine demethylase LSD1/KDM1A converge to indicate that this epigenetic regulator is a key regulator of cell fate, although the extracellular cues controlling LSD1 action remain largely unknown. Here we show that β-Catenin is a substrate of LSD1. Demethylation by LSD1 prevents β-Catenin degradation thereby maintaining its nuclear levels. Consistently, in absence of LSD1, β-Catenin transcriptional activity is reduced in both MuSCs and ESCs. Moreover, inactivation of LSD1 in mouse muscle stem cells and embryonic stem cells shows that LSD1 promotes mitotic spindle orientation via β-Catenin protein stabilization. Altogether, by inscribing LSD1 and β-Catenin in the same molecular cascade linking extracellular factors to gene expression, our results provide a mechanistic explanation to the similarity of action of canonical Wnt/β-Catenin signaling and LSD1 on stem cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Mouradian
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (PGNM), Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, France
| | - Delia Cicciarello
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (PGNM), Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, France
| | - Nicolas Lacoste
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (PGNM), Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, France
| | - Valérie Risson
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (PGNM), Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, France
| | - Francesca Berretta
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (PGNM), Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, France
| | - Fabien Le Grand
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Rose
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Simonet
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (PGNM), Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, France
| | - Laurent Schaeffer
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (PGNM), Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, France
- Centre de Biotechnologie Cellulaire, Hospices Civils de Lyon, groupement Est, Bron, France
| | - Isabella Scionti
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (PGNM), Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, France
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44
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Xiong S, Song K, Xiang H, Luo G. Dual-target inhibitors based on ERα: Novel therapeutic approaches for endocrine resistant breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116393. [PMID: 38588626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), a nuclear transcription factor, is a well-validated therapeutic target for more than 70% of all breast cancers (BCs). Antagonizing ERα either by selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) or selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) forms the foundation of endocrine therapy and has achieved great success in the treatment of ERα positive (ERα+) BCs. Unfortunately, despite initial effectiveness, endocrine resistance eventually emerges in up to 30% of ERα+ BC patients and remains a significant medical challenge. Several mechanisms implicated in endocrine resistance have been extensively studied, including aberrantly activated growth factor receptors and downstream signaling pathways. Hence, the crosstalk between ERα and another oncogenic signaling has led to surge of interest to develop combination therapies and dual-target single agents. This review briefly introduces the synergisms between ERα and another anticancer target and summarizes the recent advances of ERα-based dual-targeting inhibitors from a medicinal chemistry perspective. Accordingly, their rational design strategies, structure-activity relationships (SARs) and biological activities are also dissected to provide some perspectives on future directions for ERα-based dual target drug discovery in BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Guoshun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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45
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Kong L, Jin X. Dysregulation of deubiquitination in breast cancer. Gene 2024; 902:148175. [PMID: 38242375 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a highly frequent malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to women's health and has different molecular subtypes, histological subtypes, and biological features, which act by activating oncogenic factors and suppressing cancer inhibitors. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the main process contributing to protein degradation, and deubiquitinases (DUBs) are reverse enzymes that counteract this process. There is growing evidence that dysregulation of DUBs is involved in the occurrence of BC. Herein, we review recent research findings in BC-associated DUBs, describe their nature, classification, and functions, and discuss the potential mechanisms of DUB-related dysregulation in BC. Furthermore, we present the successful treatment of malignant cancer with DUB inhibitors, as well as analyzing the status of targeting aberrant DUBs in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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46
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Shah K, He S, Turner DJ, Corbo J, Rebbani K, Dominguez D, Bateman JM, Cheloufi S, Igreja C, Valkov E, Murn J. Regulation by the RNA-binding protein Unkempt at its effector interface. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3159. [PMID: 38605040 PMCID: PMC11009413 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
How RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) convey regulatory instructions to the core effectors of RNA processing is unclear. Here, we document the existence and functions of a multivalent RBP-effector interface. We show that the effector interface of a conserved RBP with an essential role in metazoan development, Unkempt, is mediated by a novel type of 'dual-purpose' peptide motifs that can contact two different surfaces of interacting proteins. Unexpectedly, we find that the multivalent contacts do not merely serve effector recruitment but are required for the accuracy of RNA recognition by Unkempt. Systems analyses reveal that multivalent RBP-effector contacts can repurpose the principal activity of an effector for a different function, as we demonstrate for the reuse of the central eukaryotic mRNA decay factor CCR4-NOT in translational control. Our study establishes the molecular assembly and functional principles of an RBP-effector interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, 3401 Watkins Drive, Boyce Hall, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Center for RNA Biology and Medicine, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Shiyang He
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, 3401 Watkins Drive, Boyce Hall, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Center for RNA Biology and Medicine, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - David J Turner
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Joshua Corbo
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 52 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Khadija Rebbani
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Daniel Dominguez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Joseph M Bateman
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Sihem Cheloufi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, 3401 Watkins Drive, Boyce Hall, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Center for RNA Biology and Medicine, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Stem Cell Center, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Cátia Igreja
- Department for Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max-Planck-Ring 9, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eugene Valkov
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Jernej Murn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, 3401 Watkins Drive, Boyce Hall, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
- Center for RNA Biology and Medicine, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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47
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Xiong Y, Greschik H, Johansson C, Seifert L, Gamble V, Park KS, Fagan V, Li F, Chau I, Vedadi M, Arrowsmith CH, Brennan P, Fedorov O, Jung M, Farnie G, Liu J, Oppermann U, Schüle R, Jin J. Discovery of a Potent, Selective, and Cell-Active SPIN1 Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2024; 67:5837-5853. [PMID: 38533580 PMCID: PMC11022035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The methyl-lysine reader protein SPIN1 plays important roles in various human diseases. However, targeting methyl-lysine reader proteins has been challenging. Very few cellularly active SPIN1 inhibitors have been developed. We previously reported that our G9a/GLP inhibitor UNC0638 weakly inhibited SPIN1. Here, we present our comprehensive structure-activity relationship study that led to the discovery of compound 11, a dual SPIN1 and G9a/GLP inhibitor, and compound 18 (MS8535), a SPIN1 selective inhibitor. We solved the cocrystal structure of SPIN1 in complex with 11, confirming that 11 occupied one of the three Tudor domains. Importantly, 18 displayed high selectivity for SPIN1 over 38 epigenetic targets, including G9a/GLP, and concentration dependently disrupted the interactions of SPIN1 and H3 in cells. Furthermore, 18 was bioavailable in mice. We also developed 19 (MS8535N), which was inactive against SPIN1, as a negative control of 18. Collectively, these compounds are useful chemical tools to study biological functions of SPIN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiong
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Holger Greschik
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical Research, University Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Catrine Johansson
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Botnar Research Center, NIHR Oxford BRU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, U.K
| | - Ludwig Seifert
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Vicki Gamble
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Botnar Research Center, NIHR Oxford BRU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, U.K
| | - Kwang-Su Park
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Vincent Fagan
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.; Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Fengling Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Irene Chau
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Paul Brennan
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.; Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Oleg Fedorov
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.; Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Manfred Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Gillian Farnie
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.; Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Jing Liu
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Botnar Research Center, NIHR Oxford BRU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, U.K
- Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, U.K
- Oxford Translational Myeloma Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, U.K
| | - Roland Schüle
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical Research, University Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg 79104, Germany
- CIBSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
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Xia Y, Chen K, Yang Q, Chen Z, Jin L, Zhang L, Yu X, Wang L, Xie C, Zhao Y, Shen Y, Tong J. Methylation in cornea and corneal diseases: a systematic review. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:169. [PMID: 38589350 PMCID: PMC11002037 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Corneal diseases are among the primary causes of blindness and vision loss worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of corneal diseases remains elusive, and diagnostic and therapeutic tools are limited. Thus, identifying new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of corneal diseases has gained great interest. Methylation, a type of epigenetic modification, modulates various cellular processes at both nucleic acid and protein levels. Growing evidence shows that methylation is a key regulator in the pathogenesis of corneal diseases, including inflammation, fibrosis, and neovascularization, making it an attractive potential therapeutic target. In this review, we discuss the major alterations of methylation and demethylation at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels in corneal diseases and how these dynamics contribute to the pathogenesis of corneal diseases. Also, we provide insights into identifying potential biomarkers of methylation that may improve the diagnosis and treatment of corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Kuangqi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qianjie Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhitong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Le Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Liyue Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Liyin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Jianping Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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49
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Wang L, Xiao J, Zhang B, Hou A. Epigenetic modifications in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a review. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03167-7. [PMID: 38570557 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
While perinatal medicine advancements have bolstered survival outcomes for premature infants, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to threaten their long-term health. Gene-environment interactions, mediated by epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA regulation, take center stage in BPD pathogenesis. Recent discoveries link methylation variations across biological pathways with BPD. Also, the potential reversibility of histone modifications fuels new treatment avenues. The review also highlights the promise of utilizing mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes as BPD therapies, given their ability to modulate non-coding RNA, opening novel research and intervention possibilities. IMPACT: The complexity and universality of epigenetic modifications in the occurrence and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia were thoroughly discussed. Both molecular and cellular mechanisms contribute to the diverse nature of epigenetic changes, suggesting the need for deeper biochemical techniques to explore these molecular alterations. The utilization of innovative cell-specific drug delivery methods like exosomes and extracellular vesicles holds promise in achieving precise epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichuan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ana Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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50
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Li A, Ma T, Wang S, Guo Y, Song Q, Liu H, Yu B, Feng S. Discovery of WS-384, a first-in-class dual LSD1 and DCN1-UBC12 protein-protein interaction inhibitor for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116240. [PMID: 38401512 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormally high expression of lysine-specific demethylase 1 A (LSD1) and DCN1 plays a vital role in the occurrence, development, and poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accumulating evidence has shown that the development of small-molecule inhibitors dually targeting LSD1 and the DCN1-UBC12 interaction probably have therapeutic promise for cancer therapy. This work reported that WS-384 dually targeted LSD1 and DCN1-UBC12 interactions and evaluated its antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, WS-384 inhibited A549 and H1975 cells viability and decreased colony formation and EdU incorporation. WS-384 could also trigger cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Moreover, WS-384 significantly decreased tumor weight and volume in A549 xenograft mice. Mechanistically, WS-384 increased the gene and protein level of p21 by suppressing the neddylation of cullin 1 and decreasing H3K4 demethylation at the CDKN1A promoter. The synergetic upregulation of p21 contributed to cell cycle arrest and the proapoptotic effect of WS-384 in NSCLC cells. Taken together, our proof of concept studies demonstrated the therapeutic potential of dual inhibition of LSD1 and the DCN1-UBC12 interaction for the treatment of NSCLC. WS-384 could be used as a lead compound to develop new dual LSD1/DCN1 inhibitors for the treatment of human diseases in which LSD1 and DCN1 are dysregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ting Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yueyang Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongmin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Siqi Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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