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Kalinoski H, Daoud A, Rusinkevich V, Jurčová I, Talor MV, Welsh RA, Hughes D, Zemanová K, Stříž I, Hooper JE, Kautzner J, Peichl P, Melenovský V, Won T, Čiháková D. Injury-induced myosin-specific tissue-resident memory T cells drive immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2323052121. [PMID: 39378095 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2323052121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac myosin-specific (MyHC) T cells drive the disease pathogenesis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (ICI-myocarditis). To determine whether MyHC T cells are tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells, we characterized cardiac TRM cells in naive mice and established that they have a distinct phenotypic and transcriptional profile that can be defined by their upregulation of CD69, PD-1, and CXCR6. We then investigated the effects of cardiac injury through a modified experimental autoimmune myocarditis mouse model and an ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model and determined that cardiac inflammation induces the recruitment of autoreactive MyHC TRM cells, which coexpress PD-1 and CD69. To investigate whether the recruited MyHC TRM cells could increase susceptibility to ICI-myocarditis, we developed a two-hit ICI-myocarditis mouse model where cardiac injury was induced, mice were allowed to recover, and then were treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies. We determined that mice who recover from cardiac injury are more susceptible to ICI-myocarditis development. We found that murine and human TRM cells share a similar location in the heart and aggregate along the perimyocardium. We phenotyped cells obtained from pericardial fluid from patients diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic cardiomyopathy and established that pericardial T cells are predominantly CD69+ TRM cells that up-regulate PD-1. Finally, we determined that human pericardial macrophages produce IL-15, which supports and maintains pericardial TRM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kalinoski
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Abdel Daoud
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Vitali Rusinkevich
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Ivana Jurčová
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Monica V Talor
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Robin A Welsh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - David Hughes
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Kateřina Zemanová
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Immunology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Ilja Stříž
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Immunology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Jody E Hooper
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Josef Kautzner
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Peichl
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Melenovský
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Taejoon Won
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Daniela Čiháková
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
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2
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Clark RD, Rabito F, Munyonho FT, Remcho TP, Kolls JK. Evaluation of anti-vector immune responses to adenovirus-mediated lung gene therapy and modulation by αCD20. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101286. [PMID: 39070292 PMCID: PMC11283059 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Although the last decade has seen tremendous progress in drugs that treat cystic fibrosis (CF) due to mutations that lead to protein misfolding, there are approximately 8%-10% of subjects with mutations that result in no significant CFTR protein expression demonstrating the need for gene editing or gene replacement with inhaled mRNA or vector-based approaches. A limitation for vector-based approaches is the formation of neutralizing humoral responses. Given that αCD20 has been used to manage post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease in CF subjects with lung transplants, we studied the ability of αCD20 to module both T and B cell responses in the lung to one of the most immunogenic vectors, E1-deleted adenovirus serotype 5. We found that αCD20 significantly blocked luminal antibody responses and efficiently permitted re-dosing. αCD20 had more limited impact on the T cell compartment, but reduced tissue resident memory T cell responses in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Taken together, these pre-clinical studies suggest that αCD20 could be re-purposed for lung gene therapy protocols to permit re-dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D.E. Clark
- Departments of Pediatrics & Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Felix Rabito
- Departments of Pediatrics & Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ferris T. Munyonho
- Departments of Pediatrics & Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - T. Parks Remcho
- Departments of Pediatrics & Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jay K. Kolls
- Departments of Pediatrics & Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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3
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Shen Z, vom Steeg LG, Patel MV, Rodriguez-Garcia M, Wira CR. Impact of aging on the frequency, phenotype, and function of CD4+ T cells in the human female reproductive tract. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1465124. [PMID: 39328419 PMCID: PMC11424415 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1465124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Since CD4+ T cells are essential for regulating adaptive immune responses and for long lasting mucosal protection, changes in CD4+ T cell numbers and function are likely to affect protective immunity. What remains unclear is whether CD4+ T cell composition and function in the female reproductive tract (FRT) changes as women age. Here we investigated the changes in the composition and function of CD4+ T cells in the endometrium (EM), endocervix (CX), and ectocervix (ECX) with aging. We observed a significant decrease in both the total number and percentage of CD4+ T cells in the EM with increasing age, particularly in the years following menopause. CD4+ T cells within the FRT predominantly expressed CD69. The proportion of CD69+CD4+ T cells increased significantly with increasing age in the EM, CX and ECX. The composition of T helper cell subsets within the EM CD4+ T cell population also showed age-related changes. Specifically, there was a significant increase in the proportion of Th1 cells and a significant decrease in Th17 and Treg cells with increasing age. Furthermore, the production of IFNγ by CD4+ T cells in the EM, CX, and ECX significantly decreased with increasing age upon activation. Our findings highlight the complex changes occurring in CD4+ T cell frequency, phenotype, and function within the FRT as women age. Understanding these age-related immune changes in the FRT is crucial for enhancing our knowledge of reproductive health and immune responses in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Landon G. vom Steeg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Mickey V. Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Marta Rodriguez-Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
- C. S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Charles R. Wira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
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Hill SL, Sugiyarto G, Harrington J, James E, Underwood TJ, Elliott T. High proportion of PD-1 and CD39 positive CD8+ tissue resident T lymphocytes correlates with better clinical outcome in resected human oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:213. [PMID: 39235606 PMCID: PMC11377377 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the CD8+ tumour infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) compartment of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) with regards to markers of lymphocyte exhaustion, tissue residency and to identify possible reasons behind differential responses to therapy. DESIGN Tumour samples from 44 patients undergoing curative resection for OAC were assessed by flow cytometry for presence of antigen-experienced TILs and markers of activation and exhaustion. Populations of PD-1 and CD39 positive OAC TILs were sorted, and bulk RNA sequencing undertaken using a modified SmartSeq2 protocol. Flow cytometric assessment of functionality was completed. RESULTS A higher proportion of antigen experienced CD8+ OAC TILs was associated with improved survival following surgery; while, high double positivity (DP) for PD-1 and CD39 among these TILs also correlated significantly with outcome. These DP TILs possess a minority population which is positive for the markers of exhaustion TIM3 and LAG3. Transcriptomic assessment of the PD-1 and CD39 DP TILs demonstrated enrichment for a tissue resident memory T lymphocyte (TRM) phenotype associated with improved survival in other cancers, reinforced by positivity for the canonical TRM marker CD103 by flow cytometry. This population demonstrated maintained functional capacity both in their transcriptomic profile, and on flow cytometric assessment, as well as preserved proliferative capacity. CONCLUSION Resected OAC are variably infiltrated by PD-1 and CD39 DP TILs, an abundance of which among lymphocytes is associated with improved survival. This DP population has an increased, but still modest, frequency of TIM3 and LAG3 positivity compared to DN, and is in keeping with a functionally competent TRM phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L Hill
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Gessa Sugiyarto
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jack Harrington
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Edward James
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Timothy J Underwood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tim Elliott
- Oxford Cancer Centre for Immuno-Oncology and CAMS-Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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5
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Al-Talib M, Dimonte S, Humphreys IR. Mucosal T-cell responses to chronic viral infections: Implications for vaccine design. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:982-998. [PMID: 38459243 PMCID: PMC11364786 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces that line the respiratory, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts are the major interfaces between the immune system and the environment. Their unique immunological landscape is characterized by the necessity of balancing tolerance to commensal microorganisms and other innocuous exposures against protection from pathogenic threats such as viruses. Numerous pathogenic viruses, including herpesviruses and retroviruses, exploit this environment to establish chronic infection. Effector and regulatory T-cell populations, including effector and resident memory T cells, play instrumental roles in mediating the transition from acute to chronic infection, where a degree of viral replication is tolerated to minimize immunopathology. Persistent antigen exposure during chronic viral infection leads to the evolution and divergence of these responses. In this review, we discuss advances in the understanding of mucosal T-cell immunity during chronic viral infections and how features of T-cell responses develop in different chronic viral infections of the mucosa. We consider how insights into T-cell immunity at mucosal surfaces could inform vaccine strategies: not only to protect hosts from chronic viral infections but also to exploit viruses that can persist within mucosal surfaces as vaccine vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Talib
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute/Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 5 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1UD, UK
| | - Sandra Dimonte
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute/Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Ian R Humphreys
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute/Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
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6
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Isaacs JF, Degefu HN, Chen T, Kleist SA, Musial SC, Ford MA, Searles TG, Lin CC, Skorput AGJ, Shirai K, Turk MJ, Zanazzi GJ, Rosato PC. CD39 Is Expressed on Functional Effector and Tissue-resident Memory CD8+ T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:588-599. [PMID: 38975728 PMCID: PMC11333163 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The ecto-ATPase CD39 is expressed on exhausted CD8+ T cells in chronic viral infection and has been proposed as a marker of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in cancer, but the role of CD39 in an effector and memory T cell response has not been clearly defined. We report that CD39 is expressed on Ag-specific CD8+ short-lived effector cells, while it's co-ectoenzyme, CD73, is found on memory precursor effector cells (MPECs) in vivo. Inhibition of CD39 enzymatic activity during in vitro T cell priming enhances MPEC differentiation in vivo after transfer and infection. The enriched MPEC phenotype is associated with enhanced tissue resident memory T cell (TRM cell) establishment in the brain and salivary gland following an acute intranasal viral infection, suggesting that CD39 ATPase activity plays a role in memory CD8+ T cell differentiation. We also show that CD39 is expressed on human and murine TRM cells across several nonlymphoid tissues and melanoma, whereas CD73 is expressed on both circulating and resident memory subsets in mice. In contrast to exhausted CD39+ T cells in chronic infection, CD39+ TRM cells are fully functional when stimulated ex vivo with cognate Ag, further expanding the identity of CD39 beyond a T cell exhaustion marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan F. Isaacs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Hanna N. Degefu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Tiffany Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Sierra A. Kleist
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Shawn C. Musial
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Myles A. Ford
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Tyler G. Searles
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Chun-Chieh Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Health, Lebanon NH, USA
| | | | - Keisuke Shirai
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth Health, Lebanon NH, USA
| | - Mary Jo Turk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - George J. Zanazzi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Health, Lebanon NH, USA
| | - Pamela C. Rosato
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
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Ulibarri MR, Lin Y, Ramprashad JC, Han G, Hasan MH, Mithila FJ, Ma C, Gopinath S, Zhang N, Milner JJ, Beura LK. Epithelial organoid supports resident memory CD8 T cell differentiation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114621. [PMID: 39153200 PMCID: PMC11401477 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Resident memory T cells (TRMs) play a vital role in regional immune defense. Although laboratory rodents have been extensively used to study fundamental TRM biology, poor isolation efficiency and low cell survival rates have limited the implementation of TRM-focused high-throughput assays. Here, we engineer a murine vaginal epithelial organoid (VEO)-CD8 T cell co-culture system that supports CD8 TRM differentiation. These in-vitro-generated TRMs are phenotypically and transcriptionally similar to in vivo TRMs. Pharmacological and genetic approaches showed that transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling plays a crucial role in their differentiation. The VEOs in our model are susceptible to viral infections and the CD8 T cells are amenable to genetic manipulation, both of which will allow a detailed interrogation of antiviral CD8 T cell biology. Altogether we have established a robust in vitro TRM differentiation system that is scalable and can be subjected to high-throughput assays that will rapidly add to our understanding of TRMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max R Ulibarri
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Julian C Ramprashad
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Geongoo Han
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Mohammad H Hasan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Farha J Mithila
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Chaoyu Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Smita Gopinath
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - J Justin Milner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lalit K Beura
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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8
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Gavil NV, Cheng K, Masopust D. Resident memory T cells and cancer. Immunity 2024; 57:1734-1751. [PMID: 39142275 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells positively correlate with cancer survival, but the anti-tumor mechanisms underlying this relationship are not understood. This review reconciles these observations, summarizing concepts of T cell immunosurveillance, fundamental TRM cell biology, and clinical observations on the role of TRM cells in cancer and immunotherapy outcomes. We also discuss emerging strategies that utilize TRM-phenotype cells for patient diagnostics, staging, and therapy. Current challenges are highlighted, including a lack of standardized T cell nomenclature and our limited understanding of relationships between T cell markers and underlying tumor biology. Existing findings are integrated into a summary of the field while emphasizing opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Veis Gavil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Katarina Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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9
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Shi RY, Zhou N, Xuan L, Jiang ZH, Xia J, Zhu JM, Chen KM, Zhou GL, Yu GP, Zhang J, Huang C, Liang AB, Liang KW, Zhang H, Chen JF, Zhang D, Zhong Y, Liu QF, Chen GQ, Duan CW. Trafficking circuit of CD8 + T cells between the intestine and bone marrow governs antitumour immunity. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:1346-1358. [PMID: 39039181 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy elicits a systemic antitumour immune response in peripheral circulating T cells. However, the T cell trafficking circuit between organs and their contributions to antitumour immunity remain largely unknown. Here we show in multiple mouse leukaemia models that high infiltration of leukaemic cells in bone marrow (BM) stimulates the transition of CD8+CD44+CD62L+ central memory T cells into CD8+CD44-CD62L- T cells, designated as inter-organ migratory T cells (TIM cells). TIM cells move from the BM to the intestine by upregulating integrin β7 and downregulating C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 during leukaemogenesis. Upon immunogenic chemotherapy, these BM-derived TIM cells return from the intestine to the BM through integrin α4-vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 interaction. Blocking C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 function boosts the immune response against leukaemia by enhancing T cell trafficking. This phenomenon can also be observed in patients with leukaemia. In summary, we identify an unrecognized intestine-BM trafficking circuit of T cells that contributes to the antitumour effects of immunogenic chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in National Health Commission, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Academy of Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Neng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in National Health Commission, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
- Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, SJTU-SM and Fujian Children's Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Li Xuan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in National Health Commission, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in National Health Commission, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in National Health Commission, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Li Zhou
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, SJTU-SM, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Pan Yu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanxin Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, SJTU-SM, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Bin Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Wei Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, SJTU-SM, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, SJTU-SM, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, SJTU-SM, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qi-Fa Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Academy of Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer and Research Unit 2019RU043, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Renji Hospital, SJTU-SM, Shanghai, China.
| | - Cai-Wen Duan
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in National Health Commission, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China.
- Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, SJTU-SM and Fujian Children's Hospital, Fujian, China.
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10
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Lucas ED, Huggins MA, Peng C, O'Connor C, Gress AR, Thefaine CE, Dehm EM, Kubota Y, Jameson SC, Hamilton SE. Circulating KLRG1 + long-lived effector memory T cells retain the flexibility to become tissue resident. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadj8356. [PMID: 38941479 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj8356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
KLRG1+ CD8 T cells persist for months after clearance of acute infections and maintain high levels of effector molecules, contributing protective immunity against systemic pathogens. Upon secondary infection, these long-lived effector cells (LLECs) are incapable of forming other circulating KLRG1- memory subsets such as central and effector memory T cells. Thus, KLRG1+ memory T cells are frequently referred to as a terminally differentiated population that is relatively short lived. Here, we show that after viral infection of mice, effector cells derived from LLECs rapidly enter nonlymphoid tissues and reduce pathogen burden but are largely dependent on receiving antigen cues from vascular endothelial cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that secondary memory cells in nonlymphoid tissues arising from either KLRG1+ or KLRG1- memory precursors develop a similar resident memory transcriptional signature. Thus, although LLECs cannot differentiate into other circulating memory populations, they still retain the flexibility to enter tissues and establish residency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin D Lucas
- Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Matthew A Huggins
- Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Changwei Peng
- Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Christine O'Connor
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Abigail R Gress
- Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Claire E Thefaine
- Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Emma M Dehm
- Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Stephen C Jameson
- Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sara E Hamilton
- Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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11
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Jarjour NN, Dalzell TS, Maurice NJ, Wanhainen KM, Peng C, DePauw TA, Block KE, Valente WJ, Ashby KM, Masopust D, Jameson SC. Collaboration between IL-7 and IL-15 enables adaptation of tissue-resident and circulating memory CD8 + T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.31.596695. [PMID: 38895229 PMCID: PMC11185530 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.31.596695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is considered a critical regulator of memory CD8+ T cell homeostasis, but this is primarily based on analysis of circulating and not tissue-resident memory (TRM) subsets. Furthermore, the cell-intrinsic requirement for IL-7 signaling during memory homeostasis has not been directly tested. Using inducible deletion, we found that Il7ra loss had only a modest effect on persistence of circulating memory and TRM subsets and that IL-7Rα was primarily required for normal basal proliferation. Loss of IL-15 signaling imposed heightened IL-7Rα dependence on memory CD8+ T cells, including TRM populations previously described as IL-15-independent. In the absence of IL-15 signaling, IL-7Rα was upregulated, and loss of IL-7Rα signaling reduced proliferation in response to IL-15, suggesting cross-regulation in memory CD8+ T cells. Thus, across subsets and tissues, IL-7 and IL-15 act in concert to support memory CD8+ T cells, conferring resilience to altered availability of either cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas N. Jarjour
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Talia S. Dalzell
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Maurice
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kelsey M. Wanhainen
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Changwei Peng
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Present address: Department of Immunology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Taylor A. DePauw
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Katharine E. Block
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - William J. Valente
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - K. Maude Ashby
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David Masopust
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Stephen C. Jameson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Lead contact
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12
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Stolley JM, Scott MC, O’Flanagan SD, Künzli M, Matson CA, Weyu E, Langlois RA, Vezys V, Masopust D. Cutting Edge: First Lung Infection Permanently Enlarges Lymph Nodes and Enhances New T Cell Responses. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1621-1625. [PMID: 38619284 PMCID: PMC11250951 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Humans experience frequent respiratory infections. Immunology and vaccinology studies in mice are typically performed in naive specific pathogen-free animals responding to their very first respiratory challenge. We found that the first respiratory infection induces lifelong enlargement of the lung-draining mediastinal lymph nodes (medLNs). Furthermore, infection-experienced medLNs supported better naive T cell surveillance and effector responses to new unrelated infections that exhibited more biased accumulation and memory establishment within the lung. Moreover, we observed that weight loss induced by influenza infection was substantially reduced in mice that had recovered from a previous unrelated respiratory viral challenge. These data show that the lack of infectious history and corresponding medLN hypoplasia in specific pathogen-free mice alter their immune response to lung infections. Preclinical vaccination and immunology studies should consider the previous infectious experience of the model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Michael Stolley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- J.M.S. Current address: Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 44116
| | - Milcah C. Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Stephen D. O’Flanagan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Marco Künzli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- M.K. Current address: Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, 4070, Switzerland
| | - Courtney A. Matson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Eyob Weyu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Ryan A. Langlois
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Vaiva Vezys
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
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13
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Nakai S, Kume M, Matsumura Y, Koguchi-Yoshioka H, Matsuda S, Fujimoto M, Watanabe R. CD69 Is Indispensable for Development of Functional Local Immune Memory in Murine Contact Hypersensitivity. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1344-1352.e7. [PMID: 38135026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Local immune memory develops at the site of antigen exposure and facilitates a rapid and strong local adaptive defense upon re-exposure. Resident memory T (TRM) cells play a role in local immune memory, and their cell-surface molecules CD69 and CD103 promote their tissue residency. However, the contribution of these molecules to skin immune memory remains unclear. In this study, by inducing contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in CD69KO (CD69-deficient) and CD103-deficient mice, where different degrees of TRM cell contribution are observed by repeated challenges on the right ear and a single challenge on the left ear, we found that the deficiency of CD69 but not CD103 leads to impaired CHS upon repeated antigen challenges, even although TRM cells-like CD8 T cells developed at the challenged site of CD69KO. CHS responses in both ears were diminished in CD69KO by FTY720 or CD8 neutralization, suggesting that CHS in CD69KO is ascribed to circulating CD8 T cells and that the developed TRM cell-like CD8 T cells do not behave as TRM cells. The infiltration of macrophages was reduced in the rechallenged site of CD69KO, along with the downregulation of Cxcl1 and Cxcl2. Thus, CD69 is considered essential for an effective recall response, involving the development of functional TRM cells and the recruitment of macrophages.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Mice
- Dermatitis, Contact/immunology
- Immunologic Memory
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Disease Models, Animal
- Integrin alpha Chains/metabolism
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Nakai
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Research Department, Maruho, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miki Kume
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsumura
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hanako Koguchi-Yoshioka
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Neurocutaneous Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoichi Matsuda
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Research Department, Maruho, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rei Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Integrative Medicine for Allergic and Immunological Diseases, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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14
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Banerjee A, Das D, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Comprehensive study of the interplay between immunological and metabolic factors in hepatic steatosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112091. [PMID: 38657500 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of hepatic steatosis is thoroughly reviewed in this comprehensive report, with particular attention to the complex interactions between inflammatory pathways, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, metabolic dysregulation, and immunological responses in the liver including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The study highlights the role of immune cell regulation in disease progression and explores the potential of immune cell-specific treatments for treating hepatic disorders. The development of liver disorders is significantly influenced by immune cells, including dendritic cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. Clinical investigations show that immune cell-specific treatments can effectively reduce liver fibrosis and inflammation. Future research should focus on finding new immunological targets for therapeutic interventions, as well as addressing the management challenges associated with NAFLD/NASH. Hepatic immune microorganisms also impact liver homeostasis and disorders. Improvements in immune cell regulation and liver transplantation methods give patients hope for better prognoses. Important phases include optimizing the selection of donors for malignancy of the liver, using machine perfusion for organ preservation, and fine-tuning immunosuppressive strategies. For focused treatments in hepatic steatosis, it is imperative to understand the intricate interactions between immune and metabolic variables. Understanding the liver's heterogeneous immune profile, encompassing a range of immune cell subpopulations, is crucial for formulating focused therapeutic interventions. To improve patient care and outcomes in hepatic illnesses, there is an urgent need for further research and innovation. Therefore, to effectively treat hepatic steatosis, it is important to enhance therapeutic techniques and maximize liver transplantation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Banerjee
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, 9 William Carey Road, Serampore, Hooghly 712201, West Bengal, India.
| | - Debasmita Das
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, 9 William Carey Road, Serampore, Hooghly 712201, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, 9 William Carey Road, Serampore, Hooghly 712201, West Bengal, India
| | - Bithin Kumar Maji
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, 9 William Carey Road, Serampore, Hooghly 712201, West Bengal, India.
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15
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Cheng L, Becattini S. Local antigen encounter promotes generation of tissue-resident memory T cells in the large intestine. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00046-1. [PMID: 38782240 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Upon infection, CD8+ T cells that have been primed in the draining lymph nodes migrate to the invaded tissue, where they receive cues prompting their differentiation into tissue-resident memory cells (Trm), which display niche-specific transcriptional features. Despite the importance of these cells, our understanding of their molecular landscape and the signals that dictate their development remains limited, particularly in specific anatomical niches such as the large intestine (LI). Here, we report that LI Trm-generated following oral infection exhibits a distinct transcriptional profile compared to Trm in other tissues. Notably, we observe that local cues play a crucial role in the preferential establishment of LI Trm, favoring precursors that migrate to the tissue early during infection. Our investigations identify cognate antigen recognition as a major driver of Trm differentiation at this anatomical site. Local antigen presentation not only promotes the proliferation of effector cells and memory precursors but also facilitates the acquisition of transcriptional features characteristic of gut Trm. Thus, antigen recognition in the LI favors the establishment of Trm by impacting T cell expansion and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simone Becattini
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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16
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Salazar FC, Martinez MS, Paira DA, Chocobar YA, Olivera C, Godoy GJ, Acosta-Rodriguez EV, Rivero VE, Motrich RD. CD8 T cells are dispensable for experimental autoimmune prostatitis induction and chronic pelvic pain development. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1387142. [PMID: 38807587 PMCID: PMC11130463 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1387142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome or Chronic Prostatitis (CPPS/CP) is the most prevalent urologic affliction among young adult men. It is a challenging condition to treat, which significantly decreases patient quality of life, mostly because of its still uncertain aetiology. In that regard, an autoimmune origin is a prominent supported theory. Indeed, studies in patients and in rodent models of Experimental Autoimmune Prostatitis (EAP) have provided compelling evidence suggesting a key role of CD4 Th1 cells in disease pathogenesis. However, the implication of other prominent effectors of the immune system, such as CD8 T cells, has yet to be studied. Methods We herein analyzed the induction of prostatitis and the development of chronic pelvic pain in EAP using CD8 T cell-deficient animals. Results We found similarly elevated PA-specific immune responses, with high frequencies of specific IFNg+CD4+ and IL17+CD4+ T cells in prostate draining lymph nodes from PA-immunized either CD8 KO or wild type animals with respect to controls. Moreover, these peripheral immune responses were paralleled by the development of significant chronic pelvic pain, and accompanied by prostate histological lesions, characterized by hemorrhage, epithelial cell desquamation, marked periglandular leukocyte infiltration, and increased collagen deposition in both, PA-immunized CD8 KO and wild type animals. As expected, control animals did not develop prostate histological lesions. Discussion Our results indicate that CD8 T cells do not play a major role in EAP pathogenesis and chronic pelvic pain development. Moreover, our results corroborate the previous notion that a CD4 Th1 associated immune response drives the induction of prostate tissue inflammation and the development of chronic pelvic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia C. Salazar
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquimica Clinica e Inmunologia (CIBICI)-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Maria S. Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquimica Clinica e Inmunologia (CIBICI)-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) Center of Excellence Centro de Inmunologia Clinica de Cordoba (CICC), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Daniela A. Paira
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquimica Clinica e Inmunologia (CIBICI)-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) Center of Excellence Centro de Inmunologia Clinica de Cordoba (CICC), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Yair A. Chocobar
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquimica Clinica e Inmunologia (CIBICI)-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) Center of Excellence Centro de Inmunologia Clinica de Cordoba (CICC), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Carolina Olivera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquimica Clinica e Inmunologia (CIBICI)-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) Center of Excellence Centro de Inmunologia Clinica de Cordoba (CICC), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Gloria J. Godoy
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquimica Clinica e Inmunologia (CIBICI)-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Eva V. Acosta-Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquimica Clinica e Inmunologia (CIBICI)-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Virginia E. Rivero
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquimica Clinica e Inmunologia (CIBICI)-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) Center of Excellence Centro de Inmunologia Clinica de Cordoba (CICC), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Ruben D. Motrich
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquimica Clinica e Inmunologia (CIBICI)-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) Center of Excellence Centro de Inmunologia Clinica de Cordoba (CICC), Cordoba, Argentina
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17
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Chen Y, Sun H, Luo Z, Mei Y, Xu Z, Tan J, Xie Y, Li M, Xia J, Yang B, Su B. Crosstalk between CD8 + T cells and mesenchymal stromal cells in intestine homeostasis and immunity. Adv Immunol 2024; 162:23-58. [PMID: 38866438 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The intestine represents the most complex cellular network in the whole body. It is constantly faced with multiple types of immunostimulatory agents encompassing from food antigen, gut microbiome, metabolic waste products, and dead cell debris. Within the intestine, most T cells are found in three primary compartments: the organized gut-associated lymphoid tissue, the lamina propria, and the epithelium. The well-orchestrated epithelial-immune-microbial interaction is critically important for the precise immune response. The main role of intestinal mesenchymal stromal cells is to support a structural framework within the gut wall. However, recent evidence from stromal cell studies indicates that they also possess significant immunomodulatory functions, such as maintaining intestinal tolerance via the expression of PDL1/2 and MHC-II molecules, and promoting the development of CD103+ dendritic cells, and IgA+ plasma cells, thereby enhancing intestinal homeostasis. In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of CD8+ T cells and stromal cells alongside the intestinal tract and discuss the reciprocal interactions between T subsets and mesenchymal stromal cell populations. We will focus on how the tissue residency, migration, and function of CD8+ T cells could be potentially regulated by mesenchymal stromal cell populations and explore the molecular mediators, such as TGF-β, IL-33, and MHC-II molecules that might influence these processes. Finally, we discuss the potential pathophysiological impact of such interaction in intestine hemostasis as well as diseases of inflammation, infection, and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxiang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengnan Luo
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisong Mei
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyang Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmei Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiting Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengda Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Xia
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Beichun Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Su
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Yale Institute for Immune Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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18
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Chang MH, Fuhlbrigge RC, Nigrovic PA. Joint-specific memory, resident memory T cells and the rolling window of opportunity in arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:258-271. [PMID: 38600215 PMCID: PMC11295581 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
In rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and other forms of inflammatory arthritis, the immune system targets certain joints but not others. The pattern of joints affected varies by disease and by individual, with flares most commonly involving joints that were previously inflamed. This phenomenon, termed joint-specific memory, is difficult to explain by systemic immunity alone. Mechanisms of joint-specific memory include the involvement of synovial resident memory T cells that remain in the joint during remission and initiate localized disease recurrence. In addition, arthritis-induced durable changes in synovial fibroblasts and macrophages can amplify inflammation in a site-specific manner. Together with ongoing systemic processes that promote extension of arthritis to new joints, these local factors set the stage for a stepwise progression in disease severity, a paradigm for arthritis chronicity that we term the joint accumulation model. Although durable drug-free remission through early treatment remains elusive for most forms of arthritis, the joint accumulation paradigm defines new therapeutic targets, emphasizes the importance of sustained treatment to prevent disease extension to new joints, and identifies a rolling window of opportunity for altering the natural history of arthritis that extends well beyond the initiation phase of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret H Chang
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert C Fuhlbrigge
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Peter A Nigrovic
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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19
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Moore KH, Erman EN, Traylor AM, Esman SK, Jiang Y, LaFontaine JR, Zmijewska A, Lu Y, Soliman RH, Agarwal A, George JF. Cognate antigen-independent differentiation of resident memory T cells in chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F839-F854. [PMID: 38450434 PMCID: PMC11386978 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00373.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Resident memory T cells (TRMs), which are memory T cells that are retained locally within tissues, have recently been described as antigen-specific frontline defenders against pathogens in barrier and nonbarrier epithelial tissues. They have also been noted for perpetuating chronic inflammation. The conditions responsible for TRM differentiation are still poorly understood, and their contributions, if any, to sterile models of chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain a mystery. In this study, we subjected male C57BL/6J mice and OT-1 transgenic mice to five consecutive days of 2 mg/kg aristolochic acid (AA) injections intraperitoneally to induce CKD or saline injections as a control. We evaluated their kidney immune profiles at 2 wk, 6 wk, and 6 mo after treatment. We identified a substantial population of TRMs in the kidneys of mice with AA-induced CKD. Flow cytometry of injured kidneys showed T cells bearing TRM surface markers and single-cell (sc) RNA sequencing revealed these cells as expressing well-known TRM transcription factors and receptors responsible for TRM differentiation and maintenance. Although kidney TRMs expressed Cd44, a marker of antigen experience and T cell activation, their derivation was independent of cognate antigen-T cell receptor interactions, as the kidneys of transgenic OT-1 mice still harbored considerable proportions of TRMs after injury. Our results suggest a nonantigen-specific or antigen-independent mechanism capable of generating TRMs in the kidney and highlight the need to better understand TRMs and their involvement in CKD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Resident memory T cells (TRMs) differentiate and are retained within the kidneys of mice with aristolochic acid (AA)-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we characterized this kidney TRM population and demonstrated TRM derivation in the kidneys of OT-1 transgenic mice with AA-induced CKD. A better understanding of TRMs and the processes by which they can differentiate independent of antigen may help our understanding of the interactions between the immune system and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle H Moore
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Elise N Erman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Amie M Traylor
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Stephanie K Esman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Yanlin Jiang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Jennifer R LaFontaine
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Anna Zmijewska
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Yan Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Reham H Soliman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - James F George
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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20
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Beumer-Chuwonpad A, Behr FM, van Alphen FPJ, Kragten NAM, Hoogendijk AJ, van den Biggelaar M, van Gisbergen KPJM. Intestinal tissue-resident memory T cells maintain distinct identity from circulating memory T cells after in vitro restimulation. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350873. [PMID: 38501878 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Resident memory T (TRM) cells have been recently established as an important subset of memory T cells that provide early and essential protection against reinfection in the absence of circulating memory T cells. Recent findings showing that TRM expand in vivo after repeated antigenic stimulation indicate that these memory T cells are not terminally differentiated. This suggests an opportunity for in vitro TRM expansion to apply in an immunotherapy setting. However, it has also been shown that TRM may not maintain their identity and form circulating memory T cells after in vivo restimulation. Therefore, we set out to determine how TRM respond to antigenic activation in culture. Using Listeria monocytogenes and LCMV infection models, we found that TRM from the intraepithelial compartment of the small intestine expand in vitro after antigenic stimulation and subsequent resting in homeostatic cytokines. A large fraction of the expanded TRM retained their phenotype, including the expression of key TRM markers CD69 and CD103 (ITGAE). The optimal culture of TRM required low O2 pressure to maintain the expression of these and other TRM-associated molecules. Expanded TRM retained their effector capacity to produce cytokines after restimulation, but did not acquire a highly glycolytic profile indicative of effector T cells. The proteomic analysis confirmed TRM profile retention, including expression of TRM-related transcription factors, tissue retention factors, adhesion molecules, and enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism. Collectively, our data indicate that limiting oxygen conditions supports in vitro expansion of TRM cells that maintain their TRM phenotype, at least in part, suggesting an opportunity for therapeutic strategies that require in vitro expansion of TRM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Memory T Cells/immunology
- Immunologic Memory/immunology
- Mice
- Listeria monocytogenes/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Integrin alpha Chains/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Listeriosis/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Cytokines/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammarina Beumer-Chuwonpad
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Felix M Behr
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Floris P J van Alphen
- Department of Research Facilities, Sanquin Research and Laboratory Services, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja A M Kragten
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arie J Hoogendijk
- Department of Molecular Hematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Klaas P J M van Gisbergen
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
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21
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Zhang J, Yao Z. Immune cell trafficking: a novel perspective on the gut-skin axis. Inflamm Regen 2024; 44:21. [PMID: 38654394 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune cell trafficking, an essential mechanism for maintaining immunological homeostasis and mounting effective responses to infections, operates under a stringent regulatory framework. Recent advances have shed light on the perturbation of cell migration patterns, highlighting how such disturbances can propagate inflammatory diseases from their origin to distal organs. This review collates and discusses current evidence that demonstrates atypical communication between the gut and skin, which are conventionally viewed as distinct immunological spheres, in the milieu of inflammation. We focus on the aberrant, reciprocal translocation of immune cells along the gut-skin axis as a pivotal factor linking intestinal and dermatological inflammatory conditions. Recognizing that the translation of these findings into clinical practices is nascent, we suggest that therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the axis may offer substantial benefits in mitigating the widespread impact of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Zhang
- Dermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Yao
- Dermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Bafor EE, Erwin-Cohen RA, Martin T, Baker C, Kimmel AE, Duverger O, Fenimore JM, Ramba M, Spindel T, Hess MM, Sanford M, Lazarevic V, Benayoun BA, Young HA, Valencia JC. Aberrant CD8 +T cells drive reproductive dysfunction in female mice with elevated IFN-γ levels. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1368572. [PMID: 38698852 PMCID: PMC11064017 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1368572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is pivotal in orchestrating immune responses during healthy pregnancy. However, its dysregulation, often due to autoimmunity, infections, or chronic inflammatory conditions, is implicated in adverse reproductive outcomes such as pregnancy failure or infertility. Additionally, the underlying immunological mechanisms remain elusive. Methods Here, we explore the impact of systemic IFN-γ elevation on cytotoxic T cell responses in female reproduction utilizing a systemic lupus-prone mouse model with impaired IFN-γ degradation. Results Our findings reveal that heightened IFN-γ levels triggered the infiltration of CD8+T cells in the pituitary gland and female reproductive tract (FRT), resulting in prolactin deficiency and subsequent infertility. Furthermore, we demonstrate that chronic IFN-γ elevation increases effector memory CD8+T cells in the murine ovary and uterus. Discussion These insights broaden our understanding of the role of elevated IFN-γ in female reproductive dysfunction and suggest CD8+T cells as potential immunotherapeutic targets in female reproductive disorders associated with chronic systemic IFN-γ elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enitome E. Bafor
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Rebecca A. Erwin-Cohen
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Toni Martin
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Clayton Baker
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular and Computational Biology Department, University of Southern California, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Adrienne E. Kimmel
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Olivier Duverger
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John M. Fenimore
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Meredith Ramba
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Thea Spindel
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Megan M. Hess
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Michael Sanford
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Vanja Lazarevic
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bérénice A. Benayoun
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular and Computational Biology Department, University of Southern California, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Howard A. Young
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Julio C. Valencia
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
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23
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Pereira MVA, Galvani RG, Gonçalves-Silva T, de Vasconcelo ZFM, Bonomo A. Tissue adaptation of CD4 T lymphocytes in homeostasis and cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379376. [PMID: 38690280 PMCID: PMC11058666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune system is traditionally classified as a defense system that can discriminate between self and non-self or dangerous and non-dangerous situations, unleashing a tolerogenic reaction or immune response. These activities are mainly coordinated by the interaction between innate and adaptive cells that act together to eliminate harmful stimuli and keep tissue healthy. However, healthy tissue is not always the end point of an immune response. Much evidence has been accumulated over the years, showing that the immune system has complex, diversified, and integrated functions that converge to maintaining tissue homeostasis, even in the absence of aggression, interacting with the tissue cells and allowing the functional maintenance of that tissue. One of the main cells known for their function in helping the immune response through the production of cytokines is CD4+ T lymphocytes. The cytokines produced by the different subtypes act not only on immune cells but also on tissue cells. Considering that tissues have specific mediators in their architecture, it is plausible that the presence and frequency of CD4+ T lymphocytes of specific subtypes (Th1, Th2, Th17, and others) maintain tissue homeostasis. In situations where homeostasis is disrupted, such as infections, allergies, inflammatory processes, and cancer, local CD4+ T lymphocytes respond to this disruption and, as in the healthy tissue, towards the equilibrium of tissue dynamics. CD4+ T lymphocytes can be manipulated by tumor cells to promote tumor development and metastasis, making them a prognostic factor in various types of cancer. Therefore, understanding the function of tissue-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes is essential in developing new strategies for treating tissue-specific diseases, as occurs in cancer. In this context, this article reviews the evidence for this hypothesis regarding the phenotypes and functions of CD4+ T lymphocytes and compares their contribution to maintaining tissue homeostasis in different organs in a steady state and during tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V. A. Pereira
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of High Complexity, Fernandes Figueira National Institute for The Health of Mother, Child, and Adolescent, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rômulo G. Galvani
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Triciana Gonçalves-Silva
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging - CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Zilton Farias Meira de Vasconcelo
- Laboratory of High Complexity, Fernandes Figueira National Institute for The Health of Mother, Child, and Adolescent, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Bonomo
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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24
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Lavelle EC, McEntee CP. Vaccine adjuvants: Tailoring innate recognition to send the right message. Immunity 2024; 57:772-789. [PMID: 38599170 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants play pivotal roles in vaccine development, enhancing immunization efficacy through prolonged retention and sustained release of antigen, lymph node targeting, and regulation of dendritic cell activation. Adjuvant-induced activation of innate immunity is achieved via diverse mechanisms: for example, adjuvants can serve as direct ligands for pathogen recognition receptors or as inducers of cell stress and death, leading to the release of immunostimulatory-damage-associated molecular patterns. Adjuvant systems increasingly stimulate multiple innate pathways to induce greater potency. Increased understanding of the principles dictating adjuvant-induced innate immunity will subsequently lead to programming specific types of adaptive immune responses. This tailored optimization is fundamental to next-generation vaccines capable of inducing robust and sustained adaptive immune memory across different cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ed C Lavelle
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Craig P McEntee
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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25
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Zhu HX, Yang SH, Gao CY, Bian ZH, Chen XM, Huang RR, Meng QL, Li X, Jin H, Tsuneyama K, Han Y, Li L, Zhao ZB, Gershwin ME, Lian ZX. Targeting pathogenic CD8 + tissue-resident T cells with chimeric antigen receptor therapy in murine autoimmune cholangitis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2936. [PMID: 38580644 PMCID: PMC10997620 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a cholestatic autoimmune liver disease characterized by autoreactive T cell response against intrahepatic small bile ducts. Here, we use Il12b-/-Il2ra-/- mice (DKO mice) as a model of autoimmune cholangitis and demonstrate that Cd8a knockout or treatment with an anti-CD8α antibody prevents/reduces biliary immunopathology. Using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, we identified CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells in the livers of DKO mice, which highly express activation- and cytotoxicity-associated markers and induce apoptosis of bile duct epithelial cells. Liver CD8+ Trm cells also upregulate the expression of several immune checkpoint molecules, including PD-1. We describe the development of a chimeric antigen receptor to target PD-1-expressing CD8+ Trm cells. Treatment of DKO mice with PD-1-targeting CAR-T cells selectively depleted liver CD8+ Trm cells and alleviated autoimmune cholangitis. Our work highlights the pathogenic role of CD8+ Trm cells and the potential therapeutic usage of PD-1-targeting CAR-T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Xian Zhu
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Han Yang
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Yue Gao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Bian
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Min Chen
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong Huang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Li Meng
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haosheng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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26
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Reina-Campos M, Monell A, Ferry A, Luna V, Cheung KP, Galletti G, Scharping NE, Takehara KK, Quon S, Boland B, Lin YH, Wong WH, Indralingam CS, Yeo GW, Chang JT, Heeg M, Goldrath AW. Functional Diversity of Memory CD8 T Cells is Spatiotemporally Imprinted. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.20.585130. [PMID: 38585842 PMCID: PMC10996520 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.20.585130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells (TRM) kill infected cells and recruit additional immune cells to limit pathogen invasion at barrier sites. Small intestinal (SI) TRM cells consist of distinct subpopulations with higher expression of effector molecules or greater memory potential. We hypothesized that occupancy of diverse anatomical niches imprints these distinct TRM transcriptional programs. We leveraged human samples and a murine model of acute systemic viral infection to profile the location and transcriptome of pathogen-specific TRM cell differentiation at single-transcript resolution. We developed computational approaches to capture cellular locations along three anatomical axes of the small intestine and to visualize the spatiotemporal distribution of cell types and gene expression. TRM populations were spatially segregated: with more effector- and memory-like TRM preferentially localized at the villus tip or crypt, respectively. Modeling ligand-receptor activity revealed patterns of key cellular interactions and cytokine signaling pathways that initiate and maintain TRM differentiation and functional diversity, including different TGFβ sources. Alterations in the cellular networks induced by loss of TGFβRII expression revealed a model consistent with TGFβ promoting progressive TRM maturation towards the villus tip. Ultimately, we have developed a framework for the study of immune cell interactions with the spectrum of tissue cell types, revealing that T cell location and functional state are fundamentally intertwined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Reina-Campos
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Monell
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amir Ferry
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vida Luna
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kitty P. Cheung
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Giovanni Galletti
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicole E. Scharping
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kennidy K. Takehara
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sara Quon
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brigid Boland
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yun Hsuan Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William H. Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Gene W. Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John T. Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maximilian Heeg
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ananda W. Goldrath
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Allen Institute for Immunology, 615 Westlake Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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27
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Isaacs JF, Degefu HN, Chen T, Kleist SA, Musial SC, Ford MA, Searles TG, Lin CC, Skorput AGJ, Shirai K, Turk MJ, Zanazzi GJ, Rosato PC. CD39 is expressed on functional effector and tissue resident memory CD8+ T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.15.585252. [PMID: 38559200 PMCID: PMC10980075 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.15.585252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The ecto-ATPase CD39 is expressed on exhausted CD8+ T cells in chronic viral infection and has been proposed as a marker of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in cancer, but the role of CD39 in an effector and memory T cell response has not been clearly defined. We report that CD39 is expressed on antigen-specific CD8+ short-lived effector cells (SLECs), while it's co-ecto-enzyme, CD73, is found on memory precursor effector cells (MPEC) in vivo . Inhibition of CD39 enzymatic activity during in vitro T cell priming enhances MPEC differentiation in vivo after transfer and infection. The enriched MPEC phenotype is associated with enhanced tissue resident memory (T RM ) establishment in the brain and salivary gland following an acute intranasal viral infection, suggesting that CD39 ATPase activity plays a role in memory CD8+ T cell differentiation. We also show that CD39 is expressed on human and murine T RM across several non-lymphoid tissues and melanoma, while CD73 is expressed on both circulating and resident memory subsets in mice. In contrast to exhausted CD39+ T cells in chronic infection, CD39+ T RM are fully functional when stimulated ex vivo with cognate antigen. This work further expands the identity of CD39 beyond a T cell exhaustion marker.
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28
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Jiao W, Martinez M, Muntnich CB, Zuber J, Parks C, Obradovic A, Tian G, Wang Z, Long KD, Waffarn E, Frangaj K, Jones R, Gorur A, Shonts B, Rogers K, Lv G, Velasco M, Ravella S, Weiner J, Kato T, Shen Y, Fu J, Sykes M. Dynamic establishment of recipient resident memory T cell repertoire after human intestinal transplantation. EBioMedicine 2024; 101:105028. [PMID: 38422982 PMCID: PMC10944178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding formation of the human tissue resident memory T cell (TRM) repertoire requires longitudinal access to human non-lymphoid tissues. METHODS By applying flow cytometry and next generation sequencing to serial blood, lymphoid tissue, and gut samples from 16 intestinal transplantation (ITx) patients, we assessed the origin, distribution, and specificity of human TRMs at phenotypic and clonal levels. FINDINGS Donor age ≥1 year and blood T cell macrochimerism (peak level ≥4%) were associated with delayed establishment of stable recipient TRM repertoires in the transplanted ileum. T cell receptor (TCR) overlap between paired gut and blood repertoires from ITx patients was significantly greater than that in healthy controls, demonstrating increased gut-blood crosstalk after ITx. Crosstalk with the circulating pool remained high for years of follow-up. TCR sequences identifiable in pre-Tx recipient gut but not those in lymphoid tissues alone were more likely to populate post-Tx ileal allografts. Clones detected in both pre-Tx gut and lymphoid tissue had distinct transcriptional profiles from those identifiable in only one tissue. Recipient T cells were distributed widely throughout the gut, including allograft and native colon, which had substantial repertoire overlap. Both alloreactive and microbe-reactive recipient T cells persisted in transplanted ileum, contributing to the TRM repertoire. INTERPRETATION Our studies reveal human intestinal TRM repertoire establishment from the circulation, preferentially involving lymphoid tissue counterparts of recipient intestinal T cell clones, including TRMs. We have described the temporal and spatial dynamics of this active crosstalk between the circulating pool and the intestinal TRM pool. FUNDING This study was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) P01 grant AI106697.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Jiao
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Mercedes Martinez
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Constanza Bay Muntnich
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Julien Zuber
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christopher Parks
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aleksandar Obradovic
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Guangyao Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Katherine D Long
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth Waffarn
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kristjana Frangaj
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rebecca Jones
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alaka Gorur
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Brittany Shonts
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kortney Rogers
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Monica Velasco
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shilpa Ravella
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joshua Weiner
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tomoaki Kato
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jianing Fu
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Megan Sykes
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
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Kam NW, Laczka O, Li X, Wilkinson J, Hung D, Lai SPH, Wu KC, Tsao SW, Dai W, Che CM, Lee VHF, Kwong DLW. ENOX2 inhibition enhances infiltration of effector memory T-cell and mediates response to chemotherapy in immune-quiescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Adv Res 2024; 56:69-86. [PMID: 37061217 PMCID: PMC10834794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is a major barrier for chemotherapy. Different chemosensitization approaches to reinstate immunological surveillance for cancers that are immune quiescent at the outset, have thus been devised. Cancer-specific ENOX2 expression is correlated with abnormal cell growth and has been proposed as a cellular target for anti-cancer activity. However, the potential effects of ENOX2 on the interaction between immune system and tumor cells remain elusive. OBJECTIVES To understand the mechanisms by which tumor-intrinsic ENOX2-mediated alterations in anti-tumor activity of T-cells and response to chemotherapy. METHODS In situ multiplexed immunohistochemistry with single cell and bulk RNA sequencing data from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) human tissues were used to define tumor phenotypes. Two NPC cell lines, with distinct ENOX2 expression, were used in a co-culture platform to study tumor-immune interactions between cancer cells/spheroids and T-cells. The effect of cisplatin treatment with ENOX2 inhibition by idronoxil (IDX) were tested in vitro and in vivo. Multi-parametric flow cytometry was used to characterize T-cell infiltrates in an NPC tumor humanized mouse model treated with combined treatment. RESULTS NPC predominantly displayed an immune-excluded profile. This "cold-phenotype" was shown to exhibit higher ENOX2 expression and was associate with poorer progression-free survival (PFS). The therapeutic combination of IDX with cisplatin was effective in promoting CD8+ effector memory T cell (Tem) differentiation and mobilization. This Tem signature was highly cytotoxic, with Tem-mediated preferential lysis of higher ENOX2-expressing NPC cells. A combination-treated humanized mouse model showing dramatic shrinkage in tumors, were intra-tumoral Tem-enriched. CONCLUSION Tumor-intrinsic ENOX2 expression is associated with tumor phenotype and PFS in NPC. Targeting ENOX2 with IDX and cisplatin impose qualitative control of T-cell response by preferentially increasing immune cells infiltration, Tem differentiation and tumor suppression. We suggest that ENOX2 inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance the effects of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngar-Woon Kam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Olivier Laczka
- Noxopharm Limited, Level 20, Tower A, The Zenith, 821 Pacific Highway, CHATSWOOD NSW 2067, Australia
| | - Xiang Li
- Noxopharm Limited, Level 20, Tower A, The Zenith, 821 Pacific Highway, CHATSWOOD NSW 2067, Australia
| | - John Wilkinson
- Noxopharm Limited, Level 20, Tower A, The Zenith, 821 Pacific Highway, CHATSWOOD NSW 2067, Australia
| | - Desmond Hung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Syrus Pak Hei Lai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Chun Wu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sai Wa Tsao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Ming Che
- Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Victor Ho-Fun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dora Lai-Wan Kwong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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30
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du Halgouet A, Bruder K, Peltokangas N, Darbois A, Obwegs D, Salou M, Thimme R, Hofmann M, Lantz O, Sagar. Multimodal profiling reveals site-specific adaptation and tissue residency hallmarks of γδ T cells across organs in mice. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:343-356. [PMID: 38177282 PMCID: PMC10834366 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
γδ T cells perform heterogeneous functions in homeostasis and disease across tissues. However, it is unclear whether these roles correspond to distinct γδ subsets or to a homogeneous population of cells exerting context-dependent functions. Here, by cross-organ multimodal single-cell profiling, we reveal that various mouse tissues harbor unique site-adapted γδ subsets. Epidermal and intestinal intraepithelial γδ T cells are transcriptionally homogeneous and exhibit epigenetic hallmarks of functional diversity. Through parabiosis experiments, we uncovered cellular states associated with cytotoxicity, innate-like rapid interferon-γ production and tissue repair functions displaying tissue residency hallmarks. Notably, our observations add nuance to the link between interleukin-17-producing γδ T cells and tissue residency. Moreover, transcriptional programs associated with tissue-resident γδ T cells are analogous to those of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells. Altogether, this study provides a multimodal landscape of tissue-adapted γδ T cells, revealing heterogeneity, lineage relationships and their tissue residency program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia du Halgouet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kerstin Bruder
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nina Peltokangas
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Aurélie Darbois
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - David Obwegs
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marion Salou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Robert Thimme
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maike Hofmann
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olivier Lantz
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapie Gustave-Roussy Institut Curie (CIC-BT1428) Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sagar
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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31
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Marchesini Tovar G, Gallen C, Bergsbaken T. CD8+ Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells: Versatile Guardians of the Tissue. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:361-368. [PMID: 38227907 PMCID: PMC10794029 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells are a subset of T cells maintained throughout life within nonlymphoid tissues without significant contribution from circulating memory T cells. CD8+ Trm cells contribute to both tissue surveillance and direct elimination of pathogens through a variety of mechanisms. Reactivation of these Trm cells during infection drives systematic changes within the tissue, including altering the state of the epithelium, activating local immune cells, and contributing to the permissiveness of the tissue for circulating immune cell entry. Trm cells can be further classified by their functional outputs, which can be either subset- or tissue-specific, and include proliferation, tissue egress, and modulation of tissue physiology. These functional outputs of Trm cells are linked to the heterogeneity and plasticity of this population, and uncovering the unique responses of different Trm cell subsets and their role in immunity will allow us to modulate Trm cell responses for optimal control of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Marchesini Tovar
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Corey Gallen
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Tessa Bergsbaken
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
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32
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Zhu C, Jiao S, Xu W. CD8 + Trms against malaria liver-stage: prospects and challenges. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1344941. [PMID: 38318178 PMCID: PMC10839007 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Attenuated sporozoites provide a valuable model for exploring protective immunity against the malarial liver stage, guiding the design of highly efficient vaccines to prevent malaria infection. Liver tissue-resident CD8+ T cells (CD8+ Trm cells) are considered the host front-line defense against malaria and are crucial to developing prime-trap/target strategies for pre-erythrocytic stage vaccine immunization. However, the spatiotemporal regulatory mechanism of the generation of liver CD8+ Trm cells and their responses to sporozoite challenge, as well as the protective antigens they recognize remain largely unknown. Here, we discuss the knowledge gap regarding liver CD8+ Trm cell formation and the potential strategies to identify predominant protective antigens expressed in the exoerythrocytic stage, which is essential for high-efficacy malaria subunit pre-erythrocytic vaccine designation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Zhu
- The School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shiming Jiao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenyue Xu
- The School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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33
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Villa M, Sanin DE, Apostolova P, Corrado M, Kabat AM, Cristinzio C, Regina A, Carrizo GE, Rana N, Stanczak MA, Baixauli F, Grzes KM, Cupovic J, Solagna F, Hackl A, Globig AM, Hässler F, Puleston DJ, Kelly B, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Hasselblatt P, Bengsch B, Zeiser R, Sagar, Buescher JM, Pearce EJ, Pearce EL. Prostaglandin E 2 controls the metabolic adaptation of T cells to the intestinal microenvironment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:451. [PMID: 38200005 PMCID: PMC10781727 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44689-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune cells must adapt to different environments during the course of an immune response. Here we study the adaptation of CD8+ T cells to the intestinal microenvironment and how this process shapes the establishment of the CD8+ T cell pool. CD8+ T cells progressively remodel their transcriptome and surface phenotype as they enter the gut wall, and downregulate expression of mitochondrial genes. Human and mouse intestinal CD8+ T cells have reduced mitochondrial mass, but maintain a viable energy balance to sustain their function. We find that the intestinal microenvironment is rich in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which drives mitochondrial depolarization in CD8+ T cells. Consequently, these cells engage autophagy to clear depolarized mitochondria, and enhance glutathione synthesis to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) that result from mitochondrial depolarization. Impairing PGE2 sensing promotes CD8+ T cell accumulation in the gut, while tampering with autophagy and glutathione negatively impacts the T cell pool. Thus, a PGE2-autophagy-glutathione axis defines the metabolic adaptation of CD8+ T cells to the intestinal microenvironment, to ultimately influence the T cell pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Villa
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria.
| | - David E Sanin
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Petya Apostolova
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine I (Hematology and Oncology), University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agnieszka M Kabat
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carmine Cristinzio
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Annamaria Regina
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34128, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gustavo E Carrizo
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nisha Rana
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michal A Stanczak
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesc Baixauli
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M Grzes
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jovana Cupovic
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Solagna
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Hackl
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Globig
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Hässler
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel J Puleston
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Beth Kelly
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Hasselblatt
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bertram Bengsch
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Medicine I (Hematology and Oncology), University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sagar
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joerg M Buescher
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Freiburg, Germany.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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34
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Torcellan T, Friedrich C, Doucet-Ladevèze R, Ossner T, Solé VV, Riedmann S, Ugur M, Imdahl F, Rosshart SP, Arnold SJ, Gomez de Agüero M, Gagliani N, Flavell RA, Backes S, Kastenmüller W, Gasteiger G. Circulating NK cells establish tissue residency upon acute infection of skin and mediate accelerated effector responses to secondary infection. Immunity 2024; 57:124-140.e7. [PMID: 38157853 PMCID: PMC10783803 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are present in the circulation and can also be found residing in tissues, and these populations exhibit distinct developmental requirements and are thought to differ in terms of ontogeny. Here, we investigate whether circulating conventional NK (cNK) cells can develop into long-lived tissue-resident NK (trNK) cells following acute infections. We found that viral and bacterial infections of the skin triggered the recruitment of cNK cells and their differentiation into Tcf1hiCD69hi trNK cells that share transcriptional similarity with CD56brightTCF1hi NK cells in human tissues. Skin trNK cells arose from interferon (IFN)-γ-producing effector cells and required restricted expression of the transcriptional regulator Blimp1 to optimize Tcf1-dependent trNK cell formation. Upon secondary infection, trNK cells rapidly gained effector function and mediated an accelerated NK cell response. Thus, cNK cells redistribute and permanently position at sites of previous infection via a mechanism promoting tissue residency that is distinct from Hobit-dependent developmental paths of NK cells and ILC1 seeding tissues during ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Torcellan
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christin Friedrich
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rémi Doucet-Ladevèze
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ossner
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Immunobiology, Epigenetics, and Metabolism (IMPRS-IEM), 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Virgínia Visaconill Solé
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sofie Riedmann
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Milas Ugur
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Imdahl
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan P Rosshart
- Department of Microbiome Research, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Arnold
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mercedes Gomez de Agüero
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Simone Backes
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georg Gasteiger
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Miauton A, Audran R, Besson J, Maby-El Hajjami H, Karlen M, Warpelin-Decrausaz L, Sene L, Schaufelberger S, Faivre V, Faouzi M, Hartley MA, Spertini F, Genton B. Safety and immunogenicity of a synthetic nanoparticle-based, T cell priming peptide vaccine against dengue in healthy adults in Switzerland: a double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled, phase 1 study. EBioMedicine 2024; 99:104922. [PMID: 38128414 PMCID: PMC10776924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccines that minimize the risk of vaccine-induced antibody-dependent enhancement and severe dengue are needed to address the global health threat posed by dengue. This study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a gold nanoparticle (GNP)-based, multi-valent, synthetic peptide dengue vaccine candidate (PepGNP-Dengue), designed to provide protective CD8+ T cell immunity, without inducing antibodies. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, phase 1 trial (NCT04935801), healthy naïve individuals aged 18-45 years recruited at the Centre for primary care and public health, Lausanne, Switzerland, were randomly assigned to receive PepGNP-Dengue or comparator (GNP without peptides [vehicle-GNP]). Randomization was stratified into four groups (low dose [LD] and high dose [HD]), allocation was double-blind from participants and investigators. Two doses were administered by intradermal microneedle injection 21 days apart. Primary outcome was safety, secondary outcome immunogenicity. Analysis was by intention-to-treat for safety, intention-to-treat and per protocol for immunogenicity. FINDINGS 26 participants were enrolled (August-September 2021) to receive PepGNP-Dengue (LD or HD, n = 10 each) or vehicle-GNP (LD or HD, n = 3 each). No vaccine-related serious adverse events occurred. Most (90%) related adverse events were mild; injection site pain and transient discoloration were most frequently reported. Injection site erythema occurred in 58% of participants. As expected, PepGNP-Dengue did not elicit anti-DENV antibodies of significance. Significant increases were observed in specific CD8+ T cells and dengue dextramer+ memory cell subsets in the LD PepGNP-Dengue but not in the HD PepGNP-Dengue or vehicle-GNP groups, specifically PepGNP-activated CD137+CD69+CD8+ T cells (day 90, +0.0318%, 95% CI: 0.0088-0.1723, p = 0.046), differentiated effector memory (TemRA) and central memory (Tcm) CD8+ T cells (day 35, +0.8/105 CD8+, 95% CI: 0.19-5.13, p = 0.014 and +1.34/105 CD8+, 95% CI: 0.1-7.34, p = 0.024, respectively). INTERPRETATION Results provide proof of concept that a synthetic nanoparticle-based peptide vaccine can successfully induce virus-specific CD8+ T cells. The favourable safety profile and cellular responses observed support further development of PepGNP-Dengue. FUNDING Emergex Vaccines Holding Limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Miauton
- Tropical, Travel and Vaccination Clinic, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Régine Audran
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juliette Besson
- Tropical, Travel and Vaccination Clinic, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Maby-El Hajjami
- Clinical Trial Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Karlen
- Tropical, Travel and Vaccination Clinic, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Loane Warpelin-Decrausaz
- Clinical Trial Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Research Support Unit, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Loredana Sene
- Clinical Trial Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Schaufelberger
- Information Systems and Digital Transformation, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Faivre
- Information Systems and Digital Transformation, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Faouzi
- Biostatistics Unit, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mary-Anne Hartley
- Tropical, Travel and Vaccination Clinic, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François Spertini
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Blaise Genton
- Tropical, Travel and Vaccination Clinic, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
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36
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Ignatov B, Sortebech D, Emmanuel T, Zhuravleva E, Eidsmo L. Method for high-plex analysis of immune cells in human skin using the GeoMx system. Scand J Immunol 2024; 99:e13326. [PMID: 38441335 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Specific T cell populations in the skin have been demonstrated as important disease drivers in several dermatoses. Due to the unique skin architecture, these cells are not grouped together in structures but dispersedly spread out throughout the epidermis. Following tissue disruption and isolation, only about 10% of skin T cells are recovered and any in vitro expansion may alter their bona fide phenotype. The Nanostring GeoMx system was developed to address cellular phenotype and protein expression in a tissue spatial context. To do so, regions of interest (ROI) must exceed a certain area threshold (usually 100 μm in diameter) to generate a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we present an approach that allows for the pooling of numerous smaller ROIs within the skin, enabling T cell and melanocyte phenotyping. Skin samples from healthy individuals and vitiligo patients were analysed using the GeoMx system and several immune profiling panels. A sufficient signal-to-noise ratio was achieved by pooling smaller ROIs and analysing them as a single group. While this prevents spatial analysis, this method allows for detailed analysis of cells as a population in the context of their physiological environment, making it possible to investigate in situ phenotype of rare cells in different tissue compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borislav Ignatov
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- PO Rheumatology/Dermatology/Gastroenterology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Sortebech
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- PO Rheumatology/Dermatology/Gastroenterology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Emmanuel
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ekaterina Zhuravleva
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- PO Rheumatology/Dermatology/Gastroenterology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liv Eidsmo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- PO Rheumatology/Dermatology/Gastroenterology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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37
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Ono E, Lenief V, Lefevre MA, Cuzin R, Guironnet-Paquet A, Mosnier A, Nosbaum A, Nicolas JF, Vocanson M. Topical corticosteroids inhibit allergic skin inflammation but are ineffective in impeding the formation and expansion of resident memory T cells. Allergy 2024; 79:52-64. [PMID: 37539746 DOI: 10.1111/all.15819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue-resident memory T (TRM ) cells are detrimental in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), in which they contribute to the chronicity and severity of the disease. METHODS We assessed the impact of a standard topical corticosteroid (TCS) treatment, triamcinolone acetonide (TA), on the formation, maintenance and reactivation of epidermal TRM cells in a preclinical model of ACD to 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. TA 0.01% was applied at different time points of ACD response and we monitored skin inflammation and tracked CD8+ CD69+ CD103+ TRM by flow cytometry and RNA sequencing. RESULTS The impact of TA on TRM formation depended on treatment regimen: (i) in a preventive mode, that is, in sensitized mice before challenge, TA transiently inhibited the infiltration of effector T cells and the accumulation of TRM upon hapten challenge. In contrast, (ii) in a curative mode, that is, at the peak of the ACD response, TA blocked skin inflammation but failed to prevent the formation of TRM . Finally, (iii) in a proactive mode, that is, on previous eczema lesions, TA had no effect on the survival of skin TRM , but transiently inhibited their reactivation program upon allergen reexposure. Indeed, specific TRM progressively regained proliferative functions upon TA discontinuation and expanded in the tissue, leading to exaggerated iterative responses. Interestingly, TRM re-expansion correlated with the decreased clearance of hapten moieties from the skin induced by repeated TA applications. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that TCS successfully treat ACD inflammation, but are mostly ineffective in impeding the formation and expansion of allergen-specific TRM , which certainly restricts the induction of lasting tolerance in patients with chronic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Ono
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Vanina Lenief
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Marine-Alexia Lefevre
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Roxane Cuzin
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Guironnet-Paquet
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Apheresis Unit, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Amandine Mosnier
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Nosbaum
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Jean-Francois Nicolas
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Marc Vocanson
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
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Schenkel JM, Pauken KE. Localization, tissue biology and T cell state - implications for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:807-823. [PMID: 37253877 PMCID: PMC11448857 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tissue localization is a critical determinant of T cell immunity. CD8+ T cells are contact-dependent killers, which requires them to physically be within the tissue of interest to kill peptide-MHC class I-bearing target cells. Following their migration and extravasation into tissues, T cells receive many extrinsic cues from the local microenvironment, and these signals shape T cell differentiation, fate and function. Because major organ systems are variable in their functions and compositions, they apply disparate pressures on T cells to adapt to the local microenvironment. Additional complexity arises in the context of malignant lesions (either primary or metastatic), and this has made understanding the factors that dictate T cell function and longevity in tumours challenging. Moreover, T cell differentiation state influences how cues from the microenvironment are interpreted by tissue-infiltrating T cells, highlighting the importance of T cell state in the context of tissue biology. Here, we review the intertwined nature of T cell differentiation state, location, survival and function, and explain how dysfunctional T cell populations can adopt features of tissue-resident memory T cells to persist in tumours. Finally, we discuss how these factors have shaped responses to cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Schenkel
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Kristen E Pauken
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Ulibarri MR, Lin Y, Ramprashad JR, Han G, Hasan MH, Mithila FJ, Ma C, Gopinath S, Zhang N, Milner JJ, Beura LK. Epithelial organoid supports resident memory CD8 T cell differentiation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.01.569395. [PMID: 38076957 PMCID: PMC10705482 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.01.569395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Resident Memory T cells (TRM) play a vital role in regional immune defense in barrier organs. Although laboratory rodents have been extensively used to study fundamental TRM biology, poor isolation efficiency, sampling bias and low cell survival rates have limited our ability to conduct TRM-focused high-throughput assays. Here, we engineered a murine vaginal epithelial organoid (VEO)-CD8 T cell co-culture system that supports CD8 TRM differentiation in vitro. The three-dimensional VEOs established from murine adult stem cells resembled stratified squamous vaginal epithelium and induced gradual differentiation of activated CD8 T cells into epithelial TRM. These in vitro generated TRM were phenotypically and transcriptionally similar to in vivo TRM, and key tissue residency features were reinforced with a second cognate-antigen exposure during co-culture. TRM differentiation was not affected even when VEOs and CD8 T cells were separated by a semipermeable barrier, indicating soluble factors' involvement. Pharmacological and genetic approaches showed that TGF-β signaling played a crucial role in their differentiation. We found that the VEOs in our model remained susceptible to viral infections and the CD8 T cells were amenable to genetic manipulation; both of which will allow detailed interrogation of antiviral CD8 T cell biology in a reductionist setting. In summary, we established a robust model which captures bonafide TRM differentiation that is scalable, open to iterative sampling, and can be subjected to high throughput assays that will rapidly add to our understanding of TRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max R. Ulibarri
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Julian R. Ramprashad
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Geongoo Han
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Mohammad H. Hasan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Farha J. Mithila
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Chaoyu Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229
| | - Smita Gopinath
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA, 02115
| | - Nu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229
| | - J. Justin Milner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Lalit K. Beura
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
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Kaminski A, Hager FT, Kopplin L, Ticconi F, Leufgen A, Vendelova E, Rüttger L, Gasteiger G, Cerovic V, Kastenmüller W, Pabst O, Ugur M. Resident regulatory T cells reflect the immune history of individual lymph nodes. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadj5789. [PMID: 37874251 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj5789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are present in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues where they restrict immune activation, prevent autoimmunity, and regulate inflammation. Tregs in nonlymphoid tissues are typically resident, whereas those in lymph nodes (LNs) are considered to recirculate. However, Tregs in LNs are not a homogenous population, and circulation kinetics of different Treg subsets are poorly characterized. Furthermore, whether Tregs can acquire memory T cell properties and persist for extended periods after their activation in LNs is unclear. Here, we used in situ labeling with a stabilized photoconvertible protein to uncover turnover rates of Tregs in LNs in vivo. We found that, whereas most Tregs in LNs recirculate, 10 to 20% are memory-like resident cells that remain in their respective LNs for weeks to months. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that LN-resident cells are a functionally and ontogenetically heterogeneous population and share the same core residency gene signature with conventional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Resident cells in LNs did not actively proliferate and did not require continuous T cell receptor (TCR) signaling for their residency. However, resident and circulating Tregs had distinct TCR repertoires, and each LN contained exclusive clonal subpopulations of resident Tregs. Our results demonstrate that, similar to conventional T cells, Tregs can form resident memory-like populations in LNs after adaptive immune responses. Specific and local suppression of immune responses by resident Tregs in draining LNs might provide previously unidentified therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of local chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kaminski
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Fabian Tobias Hager
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Lydia Kopplin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Fabio Ticconi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Andrea Leufgen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Emilia Vendelova
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Lennart Rüttger
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Georg Gasteiger
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Vuk Cerovic
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
| | - Oliver Pabst
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Milas Ugur
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97078, Germany
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41
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Suchanek O, Ferdinand JR, Tuong ZK, Wijeyesinghe S, Chandra A, Clauder AK, Almeida LN, Clare S, Harcourt K, Ward CJ, Bashford-Rogers R, Lawley T, Manz RA, Okkenhaug K, Masopust D, Clatworthy MR. Tissue-resident B cells orchestrate macrophage polarisation and function. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7081. [PMID: 37925420 PMCID: PMC10625551 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells play a central role in humoral immunity but also have antibody-independent functions. Studies to date have focused on B cells in blood and secondary lymphoid organs but whether B cells reside in non-lymphoid organs (NLO) in homeostasis is unknown. Here we identify, using intravenous labeling and parabiosis, a bona-fide tissue-resident B cell population in lung, liver, kidney and urinary bladder, a substantial proportion of which are B-1a cells. Tissue-resident B cells are present in neonatal tissues and also in germ-free mice NLOs, albeit in lower numbers than in specific pathogen-free mice and following co-housing with 'pet-store' mice. They spatially co-localise with macrophages and regulate their polarization and function, promoting an anti-inflammatory phenotype, in-part via interleukin-10 production, with effects on bacterial clearance during urinary tract infection. Thus, our data reveal a critical role for tissue-resident B cells in determining the homeostatic 'inflammatory set-point' of myeloid cells, with important consequences for tissue immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Suchanek
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R Ferdinand
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zewen K Tuong
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sathi Wijeyesinghe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MI, USA
| | - Anita Chandra
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ann-Katrin Clauder
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Larissa N Almeida
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Simon Clare
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Christopher J Ward
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Trevor Lawley
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Rudolf A Manz
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Klaus Okkenhaug
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MI, USA
| | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
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42
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Sadasivam M, Jie C, Hamad ARA. Renal tubular epithelial cells are constitutive non-cognate stimulators of resident T cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113210. [PMID: 37796661 PMCID: PMC11259314 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the roles of different cell types in regulating T cell homeostasis in various tissues is critical for understanding adaptive immunity. Here, we show that RTECs (renal tubular epithelial cells) are intrinsically programmed to polyclonally stimulate proliferation of kidney αβ T cells by a cell-cell contact mechanism that is major histocompatibility complex (MHC) independent and regulated by CD155, αVβ3-integrin, and vitronectin. Peripheral CD4 and CD8 are resistant to RTEC-mediated stimulation, while the minor subset of double-negative (DN) T cells are responsive. This functional property of RTEC is discovered by using a coculture system that recapitulates spontaneous in vivo polyclonal proliferation of kidney T cells, which are mainly comprised of central memory T (TCM) and effector memory T (TEM) cells. This robust cell-intrinsic stimulatory role of RTECs could be underlying the steady-state spontaneous proliferation of kidney T cells. The results have conceptual implications for understanding roles of different cell types in regulating systemic and organ-specific T cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanraj Sadasivam
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 664G, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chunfa Jie
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Des Moines University, 3200 Grand Avenue, Ryan Hall 230, Des Moines, IA 50266, USA
| | - Abdel Rahim A Hamad
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 664G, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 664G, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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43
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Yüzen D, Urbschat C, Schepanski S, Thiele K, Arck PC, Mittrücker H. Pregnancy-induced transfer of pathogen-specific T cells from mother to fetus in mice. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56829. [PMID: 37610043 PMCID: PMC10561172 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202356829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal health is determined by the transfer of maternal antibodies from the mother to the fetus. Besides antibodies, maternal cells cross the placental barrier and seed into fetal organs. Contrary to maternal antibodies, maternal microchimeric cells (MMc) show a high longevity, as they can persist in the offspring until adulthood. Recent evidence highlights that MMc leukocytes promote neonatal immunity against early-life infections in mice and humans. As shown in mice, this promotion of immunity was attributable to an improved fetal immune development. Besides this indirect effect, MMc may be pathogen-specific and thus, directly clear pathogen threats in the offspring postnatally. By using ovalbumin recombinant Listeria monocytogenes (LmOVA), we here provide evidence that OVA-specific T cells are transferred from the mother to the fetus, which is associated with increased activation of T cells and a milder course of postnatal infection in the offspring. Our data highlight that maternally-derived passive immunity of the neonate is not limited to antibodies, as MMc have the potential to transfer immune memory between generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Yüzen
- Division of Experimental Feto‐Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Christopher Urbschat
- Division of Experimental Feto‐Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Steven Schepanski
- Division of Experimental Feto‐Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Kristin Thiele
- Division of Experimental Feto‐Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Petra C Arck
- Division of Experimental Feto‐Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
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Patel D, Lin R, Majumder B, Ganusov VV. Brain-localized CD4 and CD8 T cells perform correlated random walks and not Levy walks. F1000Res 2023; 12:87. [PMID: 37811200 PMCID: PMC10556561 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129923.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. For survival of the organism, T cells must efficiently control pathogens invading different peripheral tissues. Whether or not such control is achieved by utilizing different movement strategies in different tissues remains poorly understood. Liver-localized CD8 T cells perform correlated random walks --- a type of a Brownian walk -- in liver sinusoids but in some condition these T cells may also perform Levy flights -- rapid and large displacements by floating with the blood flow. CD8 T cells in lymph nodes or skin also undergo Brownian walks. A recent study suggested that brain-localized CD8 T cells, specific to Toxoplasma gondii, perform generalized Levy walks -- a walk type in which T cells alternate pausing and displacing long distances --- which may indicate that brain is a unique organ where T cells exhibit movement strategies different from other tissues. Methods. We quantified movement patterns of brain-localized Plasmodium berghei-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells by using well-established statistical and computational methods. Results. We found that T cells change their movement pattern with time since infection and that CD4 T cells move faster and turn less than CD8 T cells. Importantly, both CD4 and CD8 T cells move in the brain by correlated random walks without long displacements challenging previous observations. We have also re-analyzed the movement data of brain-localized CD8 T cells in T. gondii-infected mice and found no evidence of Levy walks. We hypothesize that the previous conclusion of Levy walks of T. gondii-specific CD8 T cells in the brain was reached due to missing time-frames in the data that create an impression of large movement lengths between assumed-to-be-sequential movements. Conclusion. Our results suggests that movement strategies of CD8 T cells are largely similar between LNs, liver, and the brain and consistent with correlated random walks and not Levy walks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Raymond Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Barun Majumder
- Department of Microbiology, Universitiy of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Vitaly V. Ganusov
- Department of Microbiology, Universitiy of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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Mbituyimana B, Adhikari M, Qi F, Shi Z, Fu L, Yang G. Microneedle-based cell delivery and cell sampling for biomedical applications. J Control Release 2023; 362:692-714. [PMID: 37689252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based therapeutics are novel therapeutic strategies that can potentially treat many presently incurable diseases through novel mechanisms of action. Cell therapies may benefit from the ease, safety, and efficacy of administering therapeutic cells. Despite considerable recent technological and biological advances, several barriers remain to the clinical translation and commercialization of cell-based therapies, including low patient compliance, personal handling inconvenience, poor biosafety, and limited biocompatibility. Microneedles (MNs) are emerging as a promising biomedical device option for improved cell delivery with little invasion, pain-free administration, and simplicity of disposal. MNs have shown considerable promise in treating a wide range of diseases and present the potential to improve cell-based therapies. In this review, we first summarized the latest advances in the various types of MNs developed for cell delivery and cell sampling. Emphasis was given to the design and fabrication of various types of MNs based on their structures and materials. Then we focus on the recent biomedical applications status of MNs-mediated cell delivery and sampling, including tissue repair (wound healing, heart repair, and endothelial repair), cancer treatment, diabetes therapy, cell sampling, and other applications. Finally, the current status of clinical application, potential perspectives, and the challenges for clinical translation are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bricard Mbituyimana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Manjila Adhikari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fuyu Qi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhijun Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Lina Fu
- College of Medicine, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, Henan 463000, China; Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan 463000, China.
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Ibidapo-Obe O, Bruns T. Tissue-resident and innate-like T cells in patients with advanced chronic liver disease. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100812. [PMID: 37691689 PMCID: PMC10485156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease results from the orchestrated interplay of components of innate and adaptive immunity in response to liver tissue damage. Recruitment, positioning, and activation of immune cells can contribute to hepatic cell death, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. With disease progression and increasing portal pressure, repeated translocation of bacterial components from the intestinal lumen through the epithelial and vascular barriers leads to persistent mucosal, hepatic, and systemic inflammation which contributes to tissue damage, immune dysfunction, and microbial infection. It is increasingly recognised that innate-like and adaptive T-cell subsets located in the liver, mucosal surfaces, and body cavities play a critical role in the progression of advanced liver disease and inflammatory complications of cirrhosis. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells, natural killer T cells, γδ T cells, and tissue-resident memory T cells in the gut, liver, and ascitic fluid share certain characteristic features, which include that they recognise microbial products, tissue alarmins, cytokines, and stress ligands in tissues, and perform effector functions in chronic liver disease. This review highlights recent advances in the comprehension of human tissue-resident and unconventional T-cell populations and discusses the mechanisms by which they contribute to inflammation, fibrosis, immunosuppression, and antimicrobial surveillance in patients with cirrhosis. Understanding the complex interactions of immune cells in different compartments and their contribution to disease progression will provide further insights for effective diagnostic interventions and novel immunomodulatory strategies in patients with advanced chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatomi Ibidapo-Obe
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tony Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Armitage E, Quan D, Flórido M, Palendira U, Triccas JA, Britton WJ. CXCR3 Provides a Competitive Advantage for Retention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells Following a Mucosal Tuberculosis Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1549. [PMID: 37896952 PMCID: PMC10611282 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major human pathogen, and new vaccines are needed to prevent transmission. Mucosal vaccination may confer protection against M. tuberculosis by stimulating tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD4+ T cells in the lungs. The chemokine receptor CXCR3 promotes lung recruitment of T cells, but its role in TRM development is unknown. This study demonstrates the recombinant influenza A virus vaccine PR8.p25, expressing the immunodominant M. tuberculosis T cell epitope p25, induces CXCR3 expression on p25-specific CD4+ T cells in the lungs so that the majority of vaccine-induced CD4+ TRM expresses CXCR3 at 6 weeks. However, CXCR3-/- mice developed equivalent antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses to wild-type (WT) mice following PR8.p25, and surprisingly retained more p25-specific CD4+ TRM in the lungs than WT mice at 6 weeks. The adoptive transfer of CXCR3-/- and WT P25 T cells into WT mice revealed that the initial recruitment of vaccine-induced CD4+ T cells into the lungs was independent of CXCR3, but by 6 weeks, CXCR3-deficient P25 T cells, and especially CXCR3-/- TRM, were significantly reduced compared to CXCR3-sufficient P25 T cells. Therefore, although CXCR3 was not essential for CD4+ TRM recruitment or retention, it provided a competitive advantage for the induction of M. tuberculosis-specific CD4+ TRM in the lungs following pulmonary immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellis Armitage
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.A.); (D.Q.); (M.F.); (U.P.)
| | - Diana Quan
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.A.); (D.Q.); (M.F.); (U.P.)
| | - Manuela Flórido
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.A.); (D.Q.); (M.F.); (U.P.)
| | - Umaimainthan Palendira
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.A.); (D.Q.); (M.F.); (U.P.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - James A. Triccas
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- The University of Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Warwick J. Britton
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.A.); (D.Q.); (M.F.); (U.P.)
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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Lujan RA, Pei L, Shannon JP, Dábilla N, Dolan PT, Hickman HD. Widespread and dynamic expression of granzyme C by skin-resident antiviral T cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1236595. [PMID: 37809077 PMCID: PMC10552530 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1236595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
After recognition of cognate antigen (Ag), effector CD8+ T cells secrete serine proteases called granzymes in conjunction with perforin, allowing granzymes to enter and kill target cells. While the roles for some granzymes during antiviral immune responses are well characterized, the function of others, such as granzyme C and its human ortholog granzyme H, is still unclear. Granzyme C is constitutively expressed by mature, cytolytic innate lymphoid 1 cells (ILC1s). Whether other antiviral effector cells also produce granzyme C and whether it is continually expressed or responsive to the environment is unknown. To explore this, we analyzed granzyme C expression in different murine skin-resident antiviral lymphocytes. At steady-state, dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) expressed granzyme C while dermal γδ T cells did not. CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) generated in response to cutaneous viral infection with the poxvirus vaccinia virus (VACV) also expressed granzyme C. Both DETCs and virus-specific CD8+ TRM upregulated granzyme C upon local VACV infection. Continual Ag exposure was not required for maintained TRM expression of granzyme C, although re-encounter with cognate Ag boosted expression. Additionally, IL-15 treatment increased granzyme C expression in both DETCs and TRM. Together, our data demonstrate that granzyme C is widely expressed by antiviral T cells in the skin and that expression is responsive to both environmental stimuli and TCR engagement. These data suggest that granzyme C may have functions other than killing in tissue-resident lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon A. Lujan
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
- School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Luxin Pei
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John P. Shannon
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nathânia Dábilla
- Quantitative Virology and Evolution Unit, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Patrick T. Dolan
- Quantitative Virology and Evolution Unit, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Heather D. Hickman
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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49
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Suchanek O, Clatworthy MR. Homeostatic role of B-1 cells in tissue immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1106294. [PMID: 37744333 PMCID: PMC10515722 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1106294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, studies of tissue-resident immunity have mainly focused on innate immune cells and T cells, with limited data on B cells. B-1 B cells are a unique subset of B cells with innate-like properties, enriched in murine pleural and peritoneal cavities and distinct from conventional B-2 cells in their ontogeny, phenotype and function. Here we discuss how B-1 cells represent exemplar tissue-resident immune cells, summarizing the evidence for their long-term persistence & self-renewal within tissues, differential transcriptional programming shaped by organ-specific environmental cues, as well as their tissue-homeostatic functions. Finally, we review the emerging data supporting the presence and homeostatic role of B-1 cells across non-lymphoid organs (NLOs) both in mouse and human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Suchanek
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Menna R. Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
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50
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Chen Y, Xu Z, Sun H, Ouyang X, Han Y, Yu H, Wu N, Xie Y, Su B. Regulation of CD8 + T memory and exhaustion by the mTOR signals. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1023-1039. [PMID: 37582972 PMCID: PMC10468538 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01064-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are the key executioners of the adaptive immune arm, which mediates antitumor and antiviral immunity. Naïve CD8+ T cells develop in the thymus and are quickly activated in the periphery after encountering a cognate antigen, which induces these cells to proliferate and differentiate into effector cells that fight the initial infection. Simultaneously, a fraction of these cells become long-lived memory CD8+ T cells that combat future infections. Notably, the generation and maintenance of memory cells is profoundly affected by various in vivo conditions, such as the mode of primary activation (e.g., acute vs. chronic immunization) or fluctuations in host metabolic, inflammatory, or aging factors. Therefore, many T cells may be lost or become exhausted and no longer functional. Complicated intracellular signaling pathways, transcription factors, epigenetic modifications, and metabolic processes are involved in this process. Therefore, understanding the cellular and molecular basis for the generation and fate of memory and exhausted CD8+ cells is central for harnessing cellular immunity. In this review, we focus on mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), particularly signaling mediated by mTOR complex (mTORC) 2 in memory and exhausted CD8+ T cells at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ziyang Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hongxiang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinxing Ouyang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Department of Tumor Biology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuheng Han
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Haihui Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ningbo Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yiting Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bing Su
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Department of Tumor Biology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Yale Institute for Immune Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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