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Ahmad S, Single S, Liu Y, Hough KP, Wang Y, Thannickal VJ, Athar M, Goliwas KF, Deshane JS. Heavy Metal Exposure-Mediated Dysregulation of Sphingolipid Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:978. [PMID: 39199224 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals (HMs) is often associated with inflammation and cell death, exacerbating respiratory diseases including asthma. Most inhaled particulate HM exposures result in the deposition of HM-bound fine particulate matter, PM2.5, in pulmonary cell populations. While localized high concentrations of HMs may be a causative factor, existing studies have mostly evaluated the effects of systemic or low-dose chronic HM exposures. This report investigates the impact of local high concentrations of specific HMs (NaAsO2, MnCl2, and CdCl2) on sphingolipid homeostasis and oxidative stress, as both play a role in mediating responses to HM exposure and have been implicated in asthma. Utilizing an in vitro model system and three-dimensional ex vivo human tissue models, we evaluated the expression of enzymatic regulators of the salvage, recycling, and de novo synthesis pathways of sphingolipid metabolism, and observed differential modulation in these enzymes between HM exposures. Sphingolipidomic analyses of specific HM-exposed cells showed increased levels of anti-apoptotic sphingolipids and reduced pro-apoptotic sphingolipids, suggesting activation of the salvage and de novo synthesis pathways. Differential sphingolipid regulation was observed within HM-exposed lung tissues, with CdCl2 exposure and NaAsO2 exposure activating the salvage and de novo synthesis pathway, respectively. Additionally, using spatial transcriptomics and quantitative real-time PCR, we identified HM exposure-induced transcriptomic signatures of oxidative stress in epithelial cells and human lung tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheer Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Sierra Single
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Yuelong Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Kenneth P Hough
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Veterans Healthcare System, New Orleans, LA 70119-6535, USA
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kayla F Goliwas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Jessy S Deshane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
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Antonisamy B, Shailesh H, Hani Y, Ahmed LHM, Noor S, Ahmed SY, Alfaki M, Muhayimana A, Jacob SS, Balayya SK, Soloviov O, Liu L, Mathew LS, Wang K, Tomei S, Al Massih A, Mathew R, Karim MY, Ramanjaneya M, Worgall S, Janahi IA. Sphingolipids in Childhood Asthma and Obesity (SOAP Study): A Protocol of a Cross-Sectional Study. Metabolites 2023; 13:1146. [PMID: 37999242 PMCID: PMC10673587 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma and obesity are two of the most common chronic conditions in children and adolescents. There is increasing evidence that sphingolipid metabolism is altered in childhood asthma and is linked to airway hyperreactivity. Dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism is also reported in obesity. However, the functional link between sphingolipid metabolism, asthma, and obesity is not completely understood. This paper describes the protocol of an ongoing study on sphingolipids that aims to examine the pathophysiology of sphingolipids in childhood asthma and obesity. In addition, this study aims to explore the novel biomarkers through a comprehensive multi-omics approach including genomics, genome-wide DNA methylation, RNA-Seq, microRNA (miRNA) profiling, lipidomics, metabolomics, and cytokine profiling. This is a cross-sectional study aiming to recruit 440 children from different groups: children with asthma and normal weight (n = 100), asthma with overweight or obesity (n = 100), overweight or obesity (n = 100), normal weight (n = 70), and siblings of asthmatic children with normal weight, overweight, or obesity (n = 70). These participants will be recruited from the pediatric pulmonology, pediatric endocrinology, and general pediatric outpatient clinics at Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar. Information will be obtained from self-reported questionnaires on asthma, quality of life, food frequency (FFQ), and a 3-day food diary that are completed by the children and their parents. Clinical measurements will include anthropometry, blood pressure, biochemistry, bioelectrical impedance, and pulmonary function tests. Blood samples will be obtained for sphingolipid analysis, serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) assay, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), genome-wide DNA methylation study, RNA-Seq, miRNA profiling, metabolomics, lipidomics, and cytokine analysis. Group comparisons of continuous outcome variables will be carried out by a one-way analysis of variance or the Kruskal-Wallis test using an appropriate pairwise multiple comparison test. The chi-squared test or a Fisher's exact test will be used to test the associations between categorical variables. Finally, multivariate analysis will be carried out to integrate the clinical data with multi-omics data. This study will help us to understand the role of dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism in obesity and asthma. In addition, the multi-omics data from the study will help to identify novel genetic and epigenetic signatures, inflammatory markers, and mechanistic pathways that link asthma and obesity in children. Furthermore, the integration of clinical and multi-omics data will help us to uncover the potential interactions between these diseases and to offer a new paradigm for the treatment of pediatric obesity-associated asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (B.A.); (H.S.); (Y.H.); (L.H.M.A.); (S.N.); (S.Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Harshita Shailesh
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (B.A.); (H.S.); (Y.H.); (L.H.M.A.); (S.N.); (S.Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Yahya Hani
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (B.A.); (H.S.); (Y.H.); (L.H.M.A.); (S.N.); (S.Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Lina Hayati M. Ahmed
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (B.A.); (H.S.); (Y.H.); (L.H.M.A.); (S.N.); (S.Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Safa Noor
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (B.A.); (H.S.); (Y.H.); (L.H.M.A.); (S.N.); (S.Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Salma Yahya Ahmed
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (B.A.); (H.S.); (Y.H.); (L.H.M.A.); (S.N.); (S.Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Mohamed Alfaki
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (B.A.); (H.S.); (Y.H.); (L.H.M.A.); (S.N.); (S.Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Abidan Muhayimana
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (B.A.); (H.S.); (Y.H.); (L.H.M.A.); (S.N.); (S.Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Shana Sunny Jacob
- Analytical Chemistry Core, Advanced Diagnostic Core Facilities, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (S.S.J.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Saroja Kotegar Balayya
- Analytical Chemistry Core, Advanced Diagnostic Core Facilities, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (S.S.J.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Oleksandr Soloviov
- Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Integrated Genomics Services, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (O.S.); (L.L.); (L.S.M.); (K.W.)
| | - Li Liu
- Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Integrated Genomics Services, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (O.S.); (L.L.); (L.S.M.); (K.W.)
| | - Lisa Sara Mathew
- Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Integrated Genomics Services, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (O.S.); (L.L.); (L.S.M.); (K.W.)
| | - Kun Wang
- Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Integrated Genomics Services, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (O.S.); (L.L.); (L.S.M.); (K.W.)
| | - Sara Tomei
- Omics Core, Integrated Genomics Services, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (S.T.); (A.A.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Alia Al Massih
- Omics Core, Integrated Genomics Services, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (S.T.); (A.A.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Rebecca Mathew
- Omics Core, Integrated Genomics Services, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (S.T.); (A.A.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Mohammed Yousuf Karim
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar;
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Manjunath Ramanjaneya
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar
| | - Stefan Worgall
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA;
| | - Ibrahim A. Janahi
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (B.A.); (H.S.); (Y.H.); (L.H.M.A.); (S.N.); (S.Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
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Khan RJ, Single SL, Simmons CS, Athar M, Liu Y, Bodduluri S, Benson PV, Goliwas KF, Deshane JS. Altered sphingolipid pathway in SARS-CoV-2 infected human lung tissue. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1216278. [PMID: 37868972 PMCID: PMC10585362 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1216278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The SARS-CoV-2 mediated COVID-19 pandemic has impacted millions worldwide. Hyper-inflammatory processes, including cytokine storm, contribute to long-standing tissue injury and damage in COVID-19. The metabolism of sphingolipids as regulators of cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation has been implicated in inflammatory signaling and cytokine responses. Sphingosine-kinase-1 (SK1) and ceramide-synthase-2 (CERS2) generate metabolites that regulate the anti- and pro-apoptotic processes, respectively. Alterations in SK1 and CERS2 expression may contribute to the inflammation and tissue damage during COVID-19. The central objective of this study is to evaluate structural changes in the lung post-SARS-CoV-2 infection and to investigate whether the sphingolipid rheostat is altered in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods Central and peripheral lung tissues from COVID-19+ or control autopsies and resected lung tissue from COVID-19 convalescents were subjected to histologic evaluation of airspace and collagen deposisiton, and immunohistochemical evaluation of SK1 and CERS2. Results Here, we report significant reduction in air space and increase in collagen deposition in lung autopsy tissues from patients who died from COVID-19 (COVID-19+) and COVID-19 convalescent individuals. SK1 expression increased in the lungs of COVID-19+ autopsies and COVID-19 convalescent lung tissue compared to controls and was mostly associated with Type II pneumocytes and alveolar macrophages. No significant difference in CERS2 expression was noted. SARS-CoV-2 infection upregulates SK1 and increases the ratio of SK1 to CERS2 expression in lung tissues of COVID-19 autopsies and COVID-19 convalescents. Discussion These data suggest an alteration in the sphingolipid rheostat in lung tissue during COVID-19, suggesting a potential contribution to the inflammation and tissue damage associated with viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabisa J. Khan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sierra L. Single
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christopher S. Simmons
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Yuelong Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sandeep Bodduluri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Paul V. Benson
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Kayla F. Goliwas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jessy S. Deshane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Petrache I, Pujadas E, Ganju A, Serban KA, Borowiec A, Babbs B, Bronova IA, Egersdorf N, Hume PS, Goel K, Janssen WJ, Berdyshev EV, Cordon-Cardo C, Kolesnick R. Marked elevations in lung and plasma ceramide in COVID-19 linked to microvascular injury. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e156104. [PMID: 37212278 PMCID: PMC10322682 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.156104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of the marked pulmonary microvasculature injury, a distinguishing feature of COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (COVID-ARDS), remains unclear. Implicated in the pathophysiology of diverse diseases characterized by endothelial damage, including ARDS and ischemic cardiovascular disease, ceramide and in particular palmitoyl ceramide (C16:0-ceramide) may be involved in the microvascular injury in COVID-19. Using deidentified plasma and lung samples from COVID-19 patients, ceramide profiling by mass spectrometry was performed. Compared with healthy individuals, a specific 3-fold C16:0-ceramide elevation in COVID-19 patient plasma was identified. Compared with age-matched controls, autopsied lungs of individuals succumbing to COVID-ARDS displayed a massive 9-fold C16:0-ceramide elevation and exhibited a previously unrecognized microvascular ceramide-staining pattern and markedly enhanced apoptosis. In COVID-19 plasma and lungs, the C16-ceramide/C24-ceramide ratios were increased and reversed, respectively, consistent with increased risk of vascular injury. Indeed, exposure of primary human lung microvascular endothelial cell monolayers to C16:0-ceramide-rich plasma lipid extracts from COVID-19, but not healthy, individuals led to a significant decrease in endothelial barrier function. This effect was phenocopied by spiking healthy plasma lipid extracts with synthetic C16:0-ceramide and was inhibited by treatment with ceramide-neutralizing monoclonal antibody or single-chain variable fragment. These results indicate that C16:0-ceramide may be implicated in the vascular injury associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Petrache
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Elisabet Pujadas
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aditya Ganju
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karina A. Serban
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexander Borowiec
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Beatrice Babbs
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Irina A. Bronova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Nicholas Egersdorf
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Patrick S. Hume
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Khushboo Goel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - William J. Janssen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Evgeny V. Berdyshev
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Richard Kolesnick
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Mucinski JM, McCaffrey JM, Rector RS, Kasumov T, Parks EJ. Relationship between hepatic and mitochondrial ceramides: a novel in vivo method to track ceramide synthesis. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100366. [PMID: 37028768 PMCID: PMC10193228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides (CERs) are key intermediate sphingolipids implicated in contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction and the development of multiple metabolic conditions. Despite the growing evidence of CER role in disease risk, kinetic methods to measure CER turnover are lacking, particularly using in vivo models. The utility of orally administered 13C3, 15N l-serine, dissolved in drinking water, was tested to quantify CER 18:1/16:0 synthesis in 10-week-old male and female C57Bl/6 mice. To generate isotopic labeling curves, animals consumed either a control diet or high-fat diet (HFD; n = 24/diet) for 2 weeks and varied in the duration of the consumption of serine-labeled water (0, 1, 2, 4, 7, or 12 days; n = 4 animals/day/diet). Unlabeled and labeled hepatic and mitochondrial CERs were quantified using liquid chromatography tandem MS. Total hepatic CER content did not differ between the two diet groups, whereas total mitochondrial CERs increased with HFD feeding (60%, P < 0.001). Within hepatic and mitochondrial pools, HFD induced greater saturated CER concentrations (P < 0.05) and significantly elevated absolute turnover of 16:0 mitochondrial CER (mitochondria: 59%, P < 0.001 vs. liver: 15%, P = 0.256). The data suggest cellular redistribution of CERs because of the HFD. These data demonstrate that a 2-week HFD alters the turnover and content of mitochondrial CERs. Given the growing data on CERs contributing to hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and the progression of multiple metabolic diseases, this method may now be used to investigate how CER turnover is altered in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine M Mucinski
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jonas M McCaffrey
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - R Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Takhar Kasumov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Parks
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
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Nanostructured Silicon Enabled HR-MS for the Label-Free Detection of Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicles. JOURNAL OF NANOTHERANOSTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jnt3040013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in treatment options for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), survival outcomes are still best for patients with non-metastasised disease. Diagnostic tools to identify blood-based biomarkers and assist in CRC subtype classification could afford a means to track CRC progression and treatment response. Cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (EVs) circulating in blood carry an elevated cargo of lipids and proteins that could be used as a signature of tumour suppressor/promoting events or stages leading up to and including metastasis. Here, we used pre-characterised biobanked plasma samples from surgical units, typically with a low volume (~100 µL), to generate and discover signatures of CRC-derived EVs. We employed nanostructured porous silicon (pSi) surface assisted-laser desorption/ionisation (SALDI) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), to allow sensitive detection of low abundant analytes in plasma EVs. When applied to CRC samples, SALDI-HR-MS enabled the detection of the peptide mass fingerprint of cancer suppressor proteins, including serine/threonine phosphatases and activating-transcription factor 3. SALDI-HR-MS also allowed the detection of a spectrum of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipid signatures in metastatic CRC. We observed that lithium chloride enhanced detection sensitivity to elucidate the structure of low abundant lipids in plasma EVs. pSi SALDI can be used as an effective system for label-free and high throughput analysis of low-volume patient samples, allowing rapid and sensitive analysis for CRC classification.
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Hengst JA, Nduwumwami AJ, Raup-Konsavage WM, Vrana KE, Yun JK. Inhibition of Sphingosine Kinase Activity Enhances Immunogenic Cell Surface Exposure of Calreticulin Induced by the Synthetic Cannabinoid 5-epi-CP-55,940. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2022; 7:637-647. [PMID: 34846947 PMCID: PMC9587795 DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endogenous and synthetic cannabinoids have been shown to induce cancer cell death through the accumulation of the sphingolipid, ceramide (Cer). Recently, we have demonstrated that Cer accumulation enhances the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate that (±) 5-epi CP 55,940 (5-epi), a by-product of the chemical synthesis of the synthetic cannabinoid CP 55,940, induces ICD in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, and that modulation of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway through inhibition of the sphingosine kinases (SphKs) enhances these effects. Methods: A cell culture model system of human CRC cell lines was employed to measure the cell surface and intracellular production of markers of ICD. The effects of 5-epi, alone and in combination with SphK inhibitors, on production of Cer through the de novo sphingolipid synthesis pathway were measured by Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS)-based sphingolipidomic analysis. Cell surface exposure of calreticulin (ectoCRT), a hallmark of ICD, was measured by flow cytometry. Examination of the effects of 5-epi, alone and in combination with SphK inhibitors, on the intracellular signaling pathway associated with ICD was conducted by immunoblot analysis of human CRC cell lines. Results: Sphingolipidomic analysis indicated that 5-epi induces the de novo sphingolipid synthetic pathway. 5-epi dose dependently induces cell surface exposure of ectoCRT, and inhibition of Cer metabolism through inhibition of the SphKs significantly enhances 5-epi-induced ectoCRT exposure in multiple CRC cell lines. 5-epi induces and SphK inhibition enhances activation of the cell death signaling pathway associated with ICD. Conclusions: This study is the first demonstration that cannabinoids can induce the cell surface expression of ectoCRT, and potentially induce ICD. Moreover, this study reinforces our previous observation of a role for Cer accumulation in the induction of ICD and extends this observation to the cannabinoids, agents not typically associated with ICD. Inhibition of SphKs enhanced the 5-epi-induced signaling pathways leading to ICD and production of ectoCRT. Overexpression of SphK1 has previously been associated with chemotherapy resistance. Thus, targeting the SphKs has the potential to reverse chemotherapy resistance and simultaneously enhance the antitumor immune response through enhancement of ICD induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A. Hengst
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Asvelt J. Nduwumwami
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wesley M. Raup-Konsavage
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kent E. Vrana
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jong K. Yun
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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8
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Berdyshev E, Goleva E, Bronova I, Bronoff AS, Streib JE, Vang KA, Richers BN, Taylor P, Beck L, Villarreal M, Johnson K, David G, Slifka MK, Hanifin J, Leung DYM. Signaling sphingolipids are biomarkers for atopic dermatitis prone to disseminated viral infections. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:640-648. [PMID: 35304160 PMCID: PMC9463085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life-threatening viral diseases such as eczema herpeticum (EH) and eczema vaccinatum (EV) occur in <5% of individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD). The diagnosis of AD, however, excludes all individuals with AD from smallpox vaccination. OBJECTIVES We sought to identify circulatory and skin lipid biomarkers associated with EH and EV. METHODS Stratum corneum and plasma samples from 15 subjects with AD and a history of EH, 13 age- and gender-matched subjects with AD and without EH history, and 13 healthy nonatopic (NA) controls were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for sphingolipid content. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide levels were validated in plasma samples from the Atopic Dermatitis Vaccinia Network/Atopic Dermatitis Research Network repository (12 NA, 12 AD, 23 EH) and plasma from 7 subjects with EV and 7 matched subjects with AD. S1P lyase was downregulated in human primary keratinocytes to evaluate its effect on herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) replication in vitro. RESULTS The stratum corneum of patients with EH demonstrated significantly higher levels of free sphingoid bases than those in patients who were NA, indicating enhanced sphingolipid turnover in keratinocytes (P < .05). Plasma from 2 independent cohorts of patients with EH had a significantly increased S1P/ceramide ratio in subjects with EH versus those with AD and or who were NA (P < .01). The S1P level in plasma from subjects with EV was twice the level in plasma from subjects with AD (mean = 1,533 vs 732 pmol/mL; P < .001). Downregulation of S1P lyase expression with silencing RNA led to an increased S1P level and doubled HSV-1 titer in keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our data point to long-term abnormalities in the S1P signaling system as a biomarker for previous disseminated viral diseases and a potential treatment target in recurring infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Berdyshev
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Irina Bronova
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | - Joanne E Streib
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Kathryn A Vang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | - Patricia Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Lisa Beck
- Department of Dermatology, Medicine and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | | | | | | | - Mark K Slifka
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Ore
| | - Jon Hanifin
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore
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9
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Hu Y, Dai K. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Metabolism and Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1372:67-76. [PMID: 35503175 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-0394-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a well-defined bioactive lipid molecule derived from membrane sphingolipid metabolism. In the past decades, a series of key enzymes involved in generation of S1P have been identified and characterized in detail, as well as enzymes degrading S1P. S1P requires transporter to cross the plasma membrane and carrier to deliver to its cognate receptors and therefore transduces signaling in autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine fashions. The essential roles in regulation of development, metabolism, inflammation, and many other aspects of life are mainly executed when S1P binds to receptors provoking the downstream signaling cascades in distinct cells. This chapter will review the synthesis, degradation, transportation, and signaling of S1P and try to provide a comprehensive view of the biology of S1P, evoking new enthusiasms and ideas into the field of the fascinating S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kezhi Dai
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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10
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Ranjit DK, Moye ZD, Rocha FG, Ottenberg G, Nichols FC, Kim HM, Walker AR, Gibson FC, Davey ME. Characterization of a Bacterial Kinase That Phosphorylates Dihydrosphingosine to Form dhS1P. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0000222. [PMID: 35286133 PMCID: PMC9045371 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00002-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Like other members of the phylum Bacteroidetes, the oral anaerobe Porphyromonas gingivalis synthesizes a variety of sphingolipids, similar to its human host. Studies have shown that synthesis of these lipids (dihydroceramides [DHCs]) is involved in oxidative stress resistance, the survival of P. gingivalis during stationary phase, and immune modulation. Here, we constructed a deletion mutant of P. gingivalis strain W83 with a deletion of the gene encoding DhSphK1, a protein that shows high similarity to a eukaryotic sphingosine kinase, an enzyme that phosphorylates sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate. Our data show that deletion of the dhSphK1 gene results in a shift in the sphingolipid composition of P. gingivalis cells; specifically, the mutant synthesizes higher levels of phosphoglycerol DHCs (PG-DHCs) than the parent strain W83. Although PG1348 shows high similarity to the eukaryotic sphingosine kinase, we discovered that the PG1348 enzyme is unique, since it preferentially phosphorylates dihydrosphingosine, not sphingosine. Besides changes in lipid composition, the W83 ΔPG1348 mutant displayed a defect in cell division, the biogenesis of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), and the amount of K antigen capsule. Taken together, we have identified the first bacterial dihydrosphingosine kinase whose activity regulates the lipid profile of P. gingivalis and underlies a regulatory mechanism of immune modulation. IMPORTANCE Sphingoid base phosphates, such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate (dhS1P), act as ligands for S1P receptors, and this interaction is known to play a central role in mediating angiogenesis, vascular stability and permeability, and immune cell migration to sites of inflammation. Studies suggest that a shift in ratio to higher levels of dhS1P in relation to S1P alters downstream signaling cascades due to differential binding and activation of the various S1P receptor isoforms. Specifically, higher levels of dhS1P are thought to be anti-inflammatory. Here, we report on the characterization of a novel kinase in Porphyromonas gingivalis that phosphorylates dihydrosphingosine to form dhS1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev K. Ranjit
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Zachary D. Moye
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Fernanda G. Rocha
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Gregory Ottenberg
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Frank C. Nichols
- Division of Periodontology, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hey-Min Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alejandro R. Walker
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Frank C. Gibson
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mary E. Davey
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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11
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Magaye RR, Savira F, Xiong X, Huynh K, Meikle PJ, Reid C, Flynn BL, Kaye D, Liew D, Wang BH. Dihydrosphingosine driven enrichment of sphingolipids attenuates TGFβ induced collagen synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 35:100837. [PMID: 34277924 PMCID: PMC8264607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The sphingolipid de novo synthesis pathway, encompassing the sphingolipids, the enzymes and the cell membrane receptors, are being investigated for their role in diseases and as potential therapeutic targets. The intermediate sphingolipids such as dihydrosphingosine (dhSph) and sphingosine (Sph) have not been investigated due to them being thought of as precursors to other more active lipids such as ceramide (Cer) and sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P). Here we investigated their effects in terms of collagen synthesis in primary rat neonatal cardiac fibroblasts (NCFs). Our results in NCFs showed that both dhSph and Sph did not induce collagen synthesis, whilst dhSph reduced collagen synthesis induced by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). The mechanisms of these inhibitory effects were associated with the increased activation of the de novo synthesis pathway that led to increased dihydrosphingosine 1 phosphate (dhS1P). Subsequently, through a negative feedback mechanism that may involve substrate-enzyme receptor interactions, S1P receptor 1 expression (S1PR1) was reduced.
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Key Words
- Akt, protein kinase B
- CTGF, connective tissue growth factor
- Cardiac fibroblasts
- Cer, ceramide
- Cer1P, ceramide 1 phosphate
- Coll1a1, collagen 1a1
- Collagen synthesis
- Degs1, dihydroceramide desaturase 1 gene
- Des-1, dihydroceramide desaturase 1 enzyme
- Dihydrosphingosine
- ECM, extracellular matrix inhibitor of nuclear kappa B (NFKβ) kinase alpha and beta (IKKα/β)
- MA3PK, mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase
- MAPK, mitogren activated protein kinase
- MI, myocardial infarct
- MMP2, matrix metalloproteinase 2
- NCF, neonatal cardiac fibroblasts
- RPS6, ribosomal protein S6
- S1P, sphingosine-1 Phosphate
- S1PR1, sphingosine -1-phosphate receptor 1
- S1PRs, sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor 1-5
- SK1, sphingosine kinase 1
- Sph, sphingosine
- Sphingolipid
- TAK1, transforming growth factor β activating kinase 1
- TGFβ
- TGFβ, transforming growth factor β
- TIMP1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1
- d7dhSph, deuterated dihydrosphingosine
- dhCer, dihydroceramide
- dhS1P, dihydrosphingosine 1 phosphate
- mTOR, mammalian target for rapamycin
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth R. Magaye
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Feby Savira
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xin Xiong
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
- Shanghai Institute of Heart Failure, Research Centre for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Kevin Huynh
- Metabolomics Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter J. Meikle
- Metabolomics Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health School, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Christopher Reid
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health School, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Bernard L. Flynn
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Kaye
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danny Liew
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bing H. Wang
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
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12
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Ayee MAA, Levitan I. Lipoprotein-Induced Increases in Cholesterol and 7-Ketocholesterol Result in Opposite Molecular-Scale Biophysical Effects on Membrane Structure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:715932. [PMID: 34336964 PMCID: PMC8322651 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.715932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Under hypercholesterolemic conditions, exposure of cells to lipoproteins results in a subtle membrane increase in the levels of cholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol, as compared to normal conditions. The effect of these physiologically relevant concentration increases on multicomponent bilayer membranes was investigated using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Significant changes in the structural and dynamic properties of the bilayer membranes resulted from these subtle increases in sterol levels, with both sterol species inducing decreases in the lateral area and inhibiting lateral diffusion to varying extents. Cholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol, however, exhibited opposite effects on lipid packing and orientation. The results from this study indicate that the subtle increases in membrane sterol levels induced by exposure to lipoproteins result in molecular-scale biophysical perturbation of membrane structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela A A Ayee
- Department of Engineering, Dordt University, Sioux Center, IA, United States
| | - Irena Levitan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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13
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Poczobutt JM, Mikosz AM, Poirier C, Beatman EL, Serban KA, Gally F, Cao D, McCubbrey AL, Cornell CF, Schweitzer KS, Berdyshev EV, Bronova IA, Paris F, Petrache I. Altered Macrophage Function Associated with Crystalline Lung Inflammation in Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:629-640. [PMID: 33662226 PMCID: PMC8086042 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0229oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of ASM (acid sphingomyelinase) causes the lysosomal storage Niemann-Pick disease (NPD). Patients with NPD type B may develop progressive interstitial lung disease with frequent respiratory infections. Although several investigations using the ASM-deficient (ASMKO) mouse NPD model revealed inflammation and foamy macrophages, there is little insight into the pathogenesis of NPD-associated lung disease. Using ASMKO mice, we report that ASM deficiency is associated with a complex inflammatory phenotype characterized by marked accumulation of monocyte-derived CD11b+ macrophages and expansion of airspace/alveolar CD11c+ CD11b- macrophages, both with increased size, granularity, and foaminess. Both the alternative and classical pathways were activated, with decreased in situ phagocytosis of opsonized (Fc-coated) targets, preserved clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis), secretion of Th2 cytokines, increased CD11c+/CD11b+ cells, and more than a twofold increase in lung and plasma proinflammatory cytokines. Macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and noninflammatory lung cells of ASMKO lungs also exhibited marked accumulation of chitinase-like protein Ym1/2, which formed large eosinophilic polygonal Charcot-Leyden-like crystals. In addition to providing insight into novel features of lung inflammation that may be associated with NPD, our report provides a novel connection between ASM and the development of crystal-associated lung inflammation with alterations in macrophage biology.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD11 Antigens/genetics
- CD11 Antigens/immunology
- CD11b Antigen/genetics
- CD11b Antigen/immunology
- Cell Size
- Chitinases/genetics
- Chitinases/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Eosinophils/immunology
- Eosinophils/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Glycoproteins/genetics
- Glycoproteins/immunology
- Humans
- Lectins/genetics
- Lectins/immunology
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/pathology
- Lysophospholipase/genetics
- Lysophospholipase/immunology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Macrophages, Alveolar/immunology
- Macrophages, Alveolar/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Neutrophils/pathology
- Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A/enzymology
- Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A/genetics
- Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A/immunology
- Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A/pathology
- Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B/enzymology
- Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B/genetics
- Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B/immunology
- Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B/pathology
- Phagocytosis
- Pneumonia/enzymology
- Pneumonia/genetics
- Pneumonia/immunology
- Pneumonia/pathology
- Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/deficiency
- Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/genetics
- Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/immunology
- Th1-Th2 Balance/genetics
- beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases/genetics
- beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karina A. Serban
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Fabienne Gally
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | | | | | | | - Kelly S. Schweitzer
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | | | | | - François Paris
- Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, Saint-Herblain, France; and
- Le Regional Center for Research in Cancerology and Immunology Nantes/Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Irina Petrache
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
- University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
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14
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Dowdy T, Zhang L, Celiku O, Movva S, Lita A, Ruiz-Rodado V, Gilbert MR, Larion M. Sphingolipid Pathway as a Source of Vulnerability in IDH1 mut Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2910. [PMID: 33050528 PMCID: PMC7601159 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to providing integrity to cellular structure, the various classes of lipids participate in a multitude of functions including secondary messengers, receptor stimulation, lymphocyte trafficking, inflammation, angiogenesis, cell migration, proliferation, necrosis and apoptosis, thus highlighting the importance of understanding their role in the tumor phenotype. In the context of IDH1mut glioma, investigations focused on metabolic alterations involving lipidomics' present potential to uncover novel vulnerabilities. Herein, a detailed lipidomic analysis of the sphingolipid metabolism was conducted in patient-derived IDH1mut glioma cell lines, as well as model systems, with the of identifying points of metabolic vulnerability. We probed the effect of decreasing D-2HG levels on the sphingolipid pathway, by treating these cell lines with an IDH1mut inhibitor, AGI5198. The results revealed that N,N-dimethylsphingosine (NDMS), sphingosine C17 and sphinganine C18 were significantly downregulated, while sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) was significantly upregulated in glioma cultures following suppression of IDH1mut activity. We exploited the pathway using a small-scale, rational drug screen and identified a combination that was lethal to IDHmut cells. Our work revealed that further addition of N,N-dimethylsphingosine in combination with sphingosine C17 triggered a dose-dependent biostatic and apoptotic response in a panel of IDH1mut glioma cell lines specifically, while it had little effect on the IDHWT cells probed here. To our knowledge, this is the first study that shows how altering the sphingolipid pathway in IDH1mut gliomas elucidates susceptibility that can arrest proliferation and initiate subsequent cellular death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrone Dowdy
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.D.); (L.Z.); (O.C.); (A.L.); (V.R.-R.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Lumin Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.D.); (L.Z.); (O.C.); (A.L.); (V.R.-R.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Orieta Celiku
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.D.); (L.Z.); (O.C.); (A.L.); (V.R.-R.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Sriya Movva
- George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Adrian Lita
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.D.); (L.Z.); (O.C.); (A.L.); (V.R.-R.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Victor Ruiz-Rodado
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.D.); (L.Z.); (O.C.); (A.L.); (V.R.-R.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Mark R. Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.D.); (L.Z.); (O.C.); (A.L.); (V.R.-R.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Mioara Larion
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.D.); (L.Z.); (O.C.); (A.L.); (V.R.-R.); (M.R.G.)
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15
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Schweitzer KS, Jinawath N, Yonescu R, Ni K, Rush N, Charoensawan V, Bronova I, Berdyshev E, Leach SM, Gillenwater LA, Bowler RP, Pearse DB, Griffin CA, Petrache I. IGSF3 mutation identified in patient with severe COPD alters cell function and motility. JCI Insight 2020; 5:138101. [PMID: 32573489 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) and genetic susceptibility determine the risk for development, progression, and severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). We posited that an incidental balanced reciprocal chromosomal translocation was linked to a patient's risk of severe COPD. We determined that 46,XX,t(1;4)(p13.1;q34.3) caused a breakpoint in the immunoglobulin superfamily member 3 (IGSF3) gene, with markedly decreased expression. Examination of COPDGene cohort identified 14 IGSF3 SNPs, of which rs1414272 and rs12066192 were directly and rs6703791 inversely associated with COPD severity, including COPD exacerbations. We confirmed that IGSF3 is a tetraspanin-interacting protein that colocalized with CD9 and integrin B1 in tetraspanin-enriched domains. IGSF3-deficient patient-derived lymphoblastoids exhibited multiple alterations in gene expression, especially in the unfolded protein response and ceramide pathways. IGSF3-deficient lymphoblastoids had high ceramide and sphingosine-1 phosphate but low glycosphingolipids and ganglioside levels, and they were less apoptotic and more adherent, with marked changes in multiple TNFRSF molecules. Similarly, IGSF3 knockdown increased ceramide in lung structural cells, rendering them more adherent, with impaired wound repair and weakened barrier function. These findings suggest that, by maintaining sphingolipid and membrane receptor homeostasis, IGSF3 is required for cell mobility-mediated lung injury repair. IGSF3 deficiency may increase susceptibility to CS-induced lung injury in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly S Schweitzer
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Natini Jinawath
- Program in Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, and.,Integrative Computational Bioscience Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Raluca Yonescu
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kevin Ni
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Natalia Rush
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Integrative Computational Bioscience Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Irina Bronova
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Evgeny Berdyshev
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Sonia M Leach
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Russel P Bowler
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - David B Pearse
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Constance A Griffin
- Program in Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, and
| | - Irina Petrache
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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16
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Combined Omics Approach Identifies Gambogic Acid and Related Xanthones as Covalent Inhibitors of the Serine Palmitoyltransferase Complex. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:586-597.e12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Targeting sphingosine kinase 1 for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:2939-2953. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), characterized by high morbidity and mortality, is a serious hazard to human life. Until now, the long-term survival of the PAH patients is still suboptimal. Recently, sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) has drawn more and more attention due to its essential role in the pulmonary vasoconstriction, remodeling of pulmonary blood vessels and right cardiac lesions in PAH patients, and this enzyme is regarded as a new target for the treatment of PAH. Here, we discussed the multifarious functions of SPHK1 in PAH physiology and pathogenesis. Moreover, the structural features of SPHK1 and binding modes with different inhibitors were summarized. Finally, recent advances in the medicinal chemistry research of SPHK1 inhibitors are presented.
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18
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Magaye RR, Savira F, Hua Y, Kelly DJ, Reid C, Flynn B, Liew D, Wang BH. The role of dihydrosphingolipids in disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1107-1134. [PMID: 30523364 PMCID: PMC11105797 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dihydrosphingolipids refer to sphingolipids early in the biosynthetic pathway that do not contain a C4-trans-double bond in the sphingoid backbone: 3-ketosphinganine (3-ketoSph), dihydrosphingosine (dhSph), dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate (dhS1P) and dihydroceramide (dhCer). Recent advances in research related to sphingolipid biochemistry have shed light on the importance of sphingolipids in terms of cellular signalling in health and disease. However, dihydrosphingolipids have received less attention and research is lacking especially in terms of their molecular mechanisms of action. This is despite studies implicating them in the pathophysiology of disease, for example dhCer in predicting type 2 diabetes in obese individuals, dhS1P in cardiovascular diseases and dhSph in hepato-renal toxicity. This review gives a comprehensive summary of research in the last 10-15 years on the dihydrosphingolipids, 3-ketoSph, dhSph, dhS1P and dhCer, and their relevant roles in different diseases. It also highlights gaps in research that could be of future interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth R Magaye
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Feby Savira
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yue Hua
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Darren J Kelly
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher Reid
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bernard Flynn
- Australian Translational Medicinal Chemistry Facility, Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danny Liew
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bing H Wang
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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19
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Hart PC, Chiyoda T, Liu X, Weigert M, Curtis M, Chiang CY, Loth R, Lastra R, McGregor SM, Locasale JW, Lengyel E, Romero IL. SPHK1 Is a Novel Target of Metformin in Ovarian Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:870-881. [PMID: 30655321 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of phospholipid signaling in ovarian cancer is poorly understood. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive metabolite of sphingosine that has been associated with tumor progression through enhanced cell proliferation and motility. Similarly, sphingosine kinases (SPHK), which catalyze the formation of S1P and thus regulate the sphingolipid rheostat, have been reported to promote tumor growth in a variety of cancers. The findings reported here show that exogenous S1P or overexpression of SPHK1 increased proliferation, migration, invasion, and stem-like phenotypes in ovarian cancer cell lines. Likewise, overexpression of SPHK1 markedly enhanced tumor growth in a xenograft model of ovarian cancer, which was associated with elevation of key markers of proliferation and stemness. The diabetes drug, metformin, has been shown to have anticancer effects. Here, we found that ovarian cancer patients taking metformin had significantly reduced serum S1P levels, a finding that was recapitulated when ovarian cancer cells were treated with metformin and analyzed by lipidomics. These findings suggested that in cancer the sphingolipid rheostat may be a novel metabolic target of metformin. In support of this, metformin blocked hypoxia-induced SPHK1, which was associated with inhibited nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF1α and HIF2α). Further, ovarian cancer cells with high SPHK1 were found to be highly sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of metformin, whereas ovarian cancer cells with low SPHK1 were resistant. Together, the findings reported here show that hypoxia-induced SPHK1 expression and downstream S1P signaling promote ovarian cancer progression and that tumors with high expression of SPHK1 or S1P levels might have increased sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of metformin. IMPLICATIONS: Metformin targets sphingolipid metabolism through inhibiting SPHK1, thereby impeding ovarian cancer cell migration, proliferation, and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Hart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tatsuyuki Chiyoda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Melanie Weigert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marion Curtis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chun-Yi Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rachel Loth
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ricardo Lastra
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stephanie M McGregor
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ernst Lengyel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Iris L Romero
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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20
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Jafari N, Drury J, Morris AJ, Onono FO, Stevens PD, Gao T, Liu J, Wang C, Lee EY, Weiss HL, Evers BM, Zaytseva YY. De Novo Fatty Acid Synthesis-Driven Sphingolipid Metabolism Promotes Metastatic Potential of Colorectal Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:140-152. [PMID: 30154249 PMCID: PMC6318071 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the most common cause of death in colorectal cancer patients. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) and sphingosine kinase-1 and -2 (SPHK1 and 2) are overexpressed in many cancers, including colorectal cancer. However, the contribution of FASN-mediated upregulation of sphingolipid metabolism to colorectal cancer metastasis and the potential of these pathways as targets for therapeutic intervention remain unknown. This study determined that sphingosine kinases (SPHK) are overexpressed in colorectal cancer as compared with normal mucosa. FASN expression significantly correlated with SPHK2 expression in data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and a colorectal cancer tumor microarray. FASN, SPHK1, and SPHK2 colocalized within invadopodia of primary colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, FASN inhibition decreased SPHK2 expression and the levels of dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate (DH-S1P) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in colorectal cancer cells and tumor tissues. Inhibition of FASN using TVB-3664 and sphingolipid metabolism using FTY-720 significantly inhibited the ability of primary colorectal cancer cells to proliferate, migrate, form focal adhesions, and degrade gelatin. Inhibition of the FASN/SPHK/S1P axis was accompanied by decreased activation of p-MET, p-FAK, and p-PAX. S1P treatment rescued FASN-mediated inhibition of these proteins, suggesting that FASN promotes metastatic properties of colorectal cancer cells, in part, through an increased sphingolipid metabolism. These data demonstrate that upregulation of the FASN/SPHK/S1P axis promotes colorectal cancer progression by enhancing proliferation, adhesion, and migration. IMPLICATIONS: This study provides a strong rationale for further investigation of the interconnection of de novo lipogenesis and sphingolipid metabolism that could potentially lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets and strategies for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Jafari
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - James Drury
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Andrew J. Morris
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and The Gill Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Fredrick O. Onono
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and The Gill Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Payton D. Stevens
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Tianyan Gao
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Eun Y. Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Heidi L. Weiss
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - B. Mark Evers
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Yekaterina Y. Zaytseva
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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21
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Bellini L, Campana M, Rouch C, Chacinska M, Bugliani M, Meneyrol K, Hainault I, Lenoir V, Denom J, Véret J, Kassis N, Thorens B, Ibberson M, Marchetti P, Blachnio-Zabielska A, Cruciani-Guglielmacci C, Prip-Buus C, Magnan C, Le Stunff H. Protective role of the ELOVL2/docosahexaenoic acid axis in glucolipotoxicity-induced apoptosis in rodent beta cells and human islets. Diabetologia 2018; 61:1780-1793. [PMID: 29754287 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-018-4629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are known to influence glucose homeostasis. We recently showed that Elovl2 expression in beta cells, which regulates synthesis of endogenous DHA, was associated with glucose tolerance and played a key role in insulin secretion. The present study aimed to examine the role of the very long chain fatty acid elongase 2 (ELOVL2)/DHA axis on the adverse effects of palmitate with high glucose, a condition defined as glucolipotoxicity, on beta cells. METHODS We detected ELOVL2 in INS-1 beta cells and mouse and human islets using quantitative PCR and western blotting. Downregulation and adenoviral overexpression of Elovl2 was carried out in beta cells. Ceramide and diacylglycerol levels were determined by radio-enzymatic assay and lipidomics. Apoptosis was quantified using caspase-3 assays and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Palmitate oxidation and esterification were determined by [U-14C]palmitate labelling. RESULTS We found that glucolipotoxicity decreased ELOVL2 content in rodent and human beta cells. Downregulation of ELOVL2 drastically potentiated beta cell apoptosis induced by glucolipotoxicity, whereas adenoviral Elovl2 overexpression and supplementation with DHA partially inhibited glucolipotoxicity-induced cell death in rodent and human beta cells. Inhibition of beta cell apoptosis by the ELOVL2/DHA axis was associated with a decrease in ceramide accumulation. However, the ELOVL2/DHA axis was unable to directly alter ceramide synthesis or metabolism. By contrast, DHA increased palmitate oxidation but did not affect its esterification. Pharmacological inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase and etomoxir, an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), the rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid β-oxidation, attenuated the protective effect of the ELOVL2/DHA axis during glucolipotoxicity. Downregulation of CPT1 also counteracted the anti-apoptotic action of the ELOVL2/DHA axis. By contrast, a mutated active form of Cpt1 inhibited glucolipotoxicity-induced beta cell apoptosis when ELOVL2 was downregulated. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results identify ELOVL2 as a critical pro-survival enzyme for preventing beta cell death and dysfunction induced by glucolipotoxicity, notably by favouring palmitate oxidation in mitochondria through a CPT1-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Bellini
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Mélanie Campana
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Claude Rouch
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Marta Chacinska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kelly Meneyrol
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | | | - Véronique Lenoir
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jessica Denom
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Julien Véret
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Nadim Kassis
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Bernard Thorens
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Blachnio-Zabielska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Carina Prip-Buus
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Magnan
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France.
- Université Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 9197, Orsay, France.
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22
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Marquês JT, Marinho HS, de Almeida RF. Sphingolipid hydroxylation in mammals, yeast and plants – An integrated view. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 71:18-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Qin J, Kilkus JP, Dawson G. The cross roles of sphingosine kinase 1/2 and ceramide glucosyltransferase in cell growth and death. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:597-602. [PMID: 29673590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate is synthesized by two sphingosine kinases, cytosolic SK1 and nuclear SK2 but SK2 expression was much higher than SK1in mouse skin fibroblasts. However, in SK2-/- cells, SK1 expression was markedly increased to SK2 levels whereas in SK1-/- cells, SK2 expression was unaffected. Ceramide, glucosylceramide and sphingosine levels were all increased in SK1-/- but less so in SK2-/- cells and S1P levels were not significantly reduced in either SK1-/- or SK2-/- cells. Greatly increased Ceramide glucosyltransferase expression was observed in SK1-/- cells but less so in SK2-/- cells suggested a role in drug resistance. SK2-/- cells grew faster than control and SK1-/-. The cell division gene PCNA was significantly overexpressed in SK2-/- cells, suggesting a cross regulation between SKs and Ceramide glucosyltransferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdong Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - John P Kilkus
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Glyn Dawson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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24
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Xiang C, Yang K, Liang Z, Wan Y, Cheng Y, Ma D, Zhang H, Hou W, Fu P. Sphingosine-1-phosphate mediates the therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles on articular cartilage defect. Transl Res 2018; 193:42-53. [PMID: 29324234 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Microvesicles (MVs) are emerging as a new mechanism of intercellular communication by transferring cellular components to target cells, yet their function in disease is just being explored. However, the therapeutic effects of MVs in cartilage injury and degeneration remain unknown. We found MVs contained high levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) compared with the original bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The enrichment of S1P in MVs was mediated by sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), but not by sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2). Co-culture of human chondrocytes with MVs resulted in increased proliferation of chondrocytes in vitro, which was mediated by activation of S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) expressed on chondrocytes. Meanwhile, MVs inhibited interleukin 1 beta-induced human chondrocytes apoptosis in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, uptake of MVs by primary cultures of human chondrocytes was mediated by CD44 expressed by MVs. Anti-CD44 antibody significantly reduced the uptake of fluorescent protein-labeled MVs by chondrocytes. Further, blocking S1P by its neutralizing antibody significantly inhibited the therapeutic effects of MVs in vivo. Taken together, MVs showed therapeutic potential for treatment of clinical cartilage injury. This therapeutic potential is due to CD44-mediated uptake of MVs by chondrocytes and the S1P/S1PR1 axis-mediated proliferative effects of MVs on chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yulong Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanwei Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Weiyu Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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25
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Justice MJ, Bronova I, Schweitzer KS, Poirier C, Blum JS, Berdyshev EV, Petrache I. Inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase disrupts LYNUS signaling and triggers autophagy. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:596-606. [PMID: 29378782 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m080242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the lysosomal ceramide-producing enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), by various stresses is centrally involved in cell death and has been implicated in autophagy. We set out to investigate the role of the baseline ASM activity in maintaining physiological functions of lysosomes, focusing on the lysosomal nutrient-sensing complex (LYNUS), a lysosomal membrane-anchored multiprotein complex that includes mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and transcription factor EB (TFEB). ASM inhibition with imipramine or sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1) siRNA in human lung cells, or by transgenic Smpd1+/- haploinsufficiency of mouse lungs, markedly reduced mTOR- and P70-S6 kinase (Thr 389)-phosphorylation and modified TFEB in a pattern consistent with its activation. Inhibition of baseline ASM activity significantly increased autophagy with preserved degradative potential. Pulse labeling of sphingolipid metabolites revealed that ASM inhibition markedly decreased sphingosine (Sph) and Sph-1-phosphate (S1P) levels at the level of ceramide hydrolysis. These findings suggest that ASM functions to maintain physiological mTOR signaling and inhibit autophagy and implicate Sph and/or S1P in the control of lysosomal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Justice
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Irina Bronova
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Kelly S Schweitzer
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206; Departments of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Christophe Poirier
- Departments of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Janice S Blum
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | | | - Irina Petrache
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206; Departments of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202.
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26
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Ayee MAA, LeMaster E, Shentu TP, Singh DK, Barbera N, Soni D, Tiruppathi C, Subbaiah PV, Berdyshev E, Bronova I, Cho M, Akpa BS, Levitan I. Molecular-Scale Biophysical Modulation of an Endothelial Membrane by Oxidized Phospholipids. Biophys J 2017; 112:325-338. [PMID: 28122218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of two bioactive oxidized phospholipids on model bilayer properties, membrane packing, and endothelial cell biomechanics was investigated computationally and experimentally. The truncated tail phospholipids, 1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POVPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PGPC), are two major oxidation products of the unsaturated phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine. A combination of coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, Laurdan multiphoton imaging, and atomic force microscopy microindentation experiments was used to determine the impact of POVPC and PGPC on the structure of a multicomponent phospholipid bilayer and to assess the consequences of their incorporation on membrane packing and endothelial cell stiffness. Molecular simulations predicted differential bilayer perturbation effects of the two oxidized phospholipids based on the chemical identities of their truncated tails, including decreased bilayer packing, decreased bilayer bending modulus, and increased water penetration. Disruption of lipid order was consistent with Laurdan imaging results indicating that POVPC and PGPC decrease the lipid packing of both ordered and disordered membrane domains. Computational predictions of a larger membrane perturbation effect by PGPC correspond to greater stiffness of PGPC-treated endothelial cells observed by measuring cellular elastic moduli using atomic force microscopy. Our results suggest that disruptions in membrane structure by oxidized phospholipids play a role in the regulation of overall endothelial cell stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela A A Ayee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elizabeth LeMaster
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tzu Pin Shentu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dev K Singh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nicolas Barbera
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dheeraj Soni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Papasani V Subbaiah
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - Michael Cho
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Belinda S Akpa
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Irena Levitan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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Boppana NB, Kraveka JM, Rahmaniyan M, Li LI, Bielawska A, Bielawski J, Pierce JS, Delor JS, Zhang K, Korbelik M, Separovic D. Fumonisin B1 Inhibits Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Associated-apoptosis After FoscanPDT Combined with C6-Pyridinium Ceramide or Fenretinide. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:455-463. [PMID: 28179290 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Combining an anticancer agent fenretinide (HPR) or C6-pyridinium ceramide (LCL29) with Foscan-mediated photodynamic therapy (FoscanPDT) is expected to augment anticancer benefits of each substance. We showed that treatment with FoscanPDT+HPR enhanced accumulation of C16-dihydroceramide, and that fumonisin B1 (FB), an inhibitor of ceramide synthase, counteracted caspase-3 activation and colony-forming ability of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells. Because cancer cells appear to be more susceptible to increased levels of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress than normal cells, herein we tested the hypothesis that FoscanPDT combined with HPR or LCL29 induces FB-sensitive ER stress-associated apoptosis that affects cell survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using an HNSCC cell line, we determined: cell survival by clonogenic assay, caspase-3 activity by spectrofluorometry, the expression of the ER markers BiP and CHOP by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western immunoblotting, and sphingolipid levels by mass spectrometry. RESULTS Similar to HPR+FoscanPDT, LCL29+FoscanPDT induced enhanced loss of clonogenicity and caspase-3 activation, that were both inhibited by FB. Our additional pharmacological evidence showed that the enhanced loss of clonogenicity after the combined treatments was singlet oxygen-, ER stress- and apoptosis-dependent. The combined treatments induced enhanced, FB-sensitive, up-regulation of BiP and CHOP, as well as enhanced accumulation of sphingolipids. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that enhanced clonogenic cell killing after the combined treatments is dependent on oxidative- and ER-stress, apoptosis, and FB-sensitive sphingolipid production, and should help develop more effective mechanism-based therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithin B Boppana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A
| | - Jacqueline M Kraveka
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Hematology-Oncology, Charles Darby Children's Research Institute, and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Mehrdad Rahmaniyan
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Hematology-Oncology, Charles Darby Children's Research Institute, and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - L I Li
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Hematology-Oncology, Charles Darby Children's Research Institute, and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Alicja Bielawska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Jacek Bielawski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Jason S Pierce
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Jeremy S Delor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A
| | | | - Duska Separovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A. .,Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A
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Harijith A, Pendyala S, Ebenezer DL, Ha AW, Fu P, Wang YT, Ma K, Toth PT, Berdyshev EV, Kanteti P, Natarajan V. Hyperoxia-induced p47phox activation and ROS generation is mediated through S1P transporter Spns2, and S1P/S1P1&2 signaling axis in lung endothelium. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L337-51. [PMID: 27343196 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00447.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoxia-induced lung injury adversely affects ICU patients and neonates on ventilator assisted breathing. The underlying culprit appears to be reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced lung damage. The major contributor of hyperoxia-induced ROS is activation of the multiprotein enzyme complex NADPH oxidase. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling is known to be involved in hyperoxia-mediated ROS generation; however, the mechanism(s) of S1P-induced NADPH oxidase activation is unclear. Here, we investigated various steps in the S1P signaling pathway mediating ROS production in response to hyperoxia in lung endothelium. Of the two closely related sphingosine kinases (SphKs)1 and 2, which synthesize S1P from sphingosine, only Sphk1(-/-) mice conferred protection against hyperoxia-induced lung injury. S1P is metabolized predominantly by S1P lyase and partial deletion of Sgpl1 (Sgpl1(+/-)) in mice accentuated lung injury. Hyperoxia stimulated S1P accumulation in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs), and downregulation of S1P transporter spinster homolog 2 (Spns2) or S1P receptors S1P1&2, but not S1P3, using specific siRNA attenuated hyperoxia-induced p47(phox) translocation to cell periphery and ROS generation in HLMVECs. These results suggest a role for Spns2 and S1P1&2 in hyperoxia-mediated ROS generation. In addition, p47(phox) (phox:phagocyte oxidase) activation and ROS generation was also reduced by PF543, a specific SphK1 inhibitor in HLMVECs. Our data indicate a novel role for Spns2 and S1P1&2 in the activation of p47(phox) and production of ROS involved in hyperoxia-mediated lung injury in neonatal and adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado;
| | - Srikanth Pendyala
- Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - David L Ebenezer
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Alison W Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Yue-Ting Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Pathology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Peter T Toth
- Department of Pathology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | | | - Prasad Kanteti
- Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Christofidou-Solomidou M, Pietrofesa RA, Arguiri E, Schweitzer KS, Berdyshev EV, McCarthy M, Corbitt A, Alwood JS, Yu Y, Globus RK, Solomides CC, Ullrich RL, Petrache I. Space radiation-associated lung injury in a murine model. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 308:L416-28. [PMID: 25526737 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00260.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable progress in identifying health risks to crewmembers related to exposure to galactic/cosmic rays and solar particle events (SPE) during space travel, its long-term effects on the pulmonary system are unknown. We used a murine risk projection model to investigate the impact of exposure to space-relevant radiation (SR) on the lung. C3H mice were exposed to (137)Cs gamma rays, protons (acute, low-dose exposure mimicking the 1972 SPE), 600 MeV/u (56)Fe ions, or 350 MeV/u (28)Si ions at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Animals were irradiated at the age of 2.5 mo and evaluated 23.5 mo postirradiation, at 26 mo of age. Compared with age-matched nonirradiated mice, SR exposures led to significant air space enlargement and dose-dependent decreased systemic oxygenation levels. These were associated with late mild lung inflammation and prominent cellular injury, with significant oxidative stress and apoptosis (caspase-3 activation) in the lung parenchyma. SR, especially high-energy (56)Fe or (28)Si ions markedly decreased sphingosine-1-phosphate levels and Akt- and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, depleted anti-senescence sirtuin-1 and increased biochemical markers of autophagy. Exposure to SR caused dose-dependent, pronounced late lung pathological sequelae consistent with alveolar simplification and cellular signaling of increased injury and decreased repair. The associated systemic hypoxemia suggested that this previously uncharacterized space radiation-associated lung injury was functionally significant, indicating that further studies are needed to define the risk and to develop appropriate lung-protective countermeasures for manned deep space missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;
| | - Ralph A Pietrofesa
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Evguenia Arguiri
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly S Schweitzer
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Evgeny V Berdyshev
- Department of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Astrid Corbitt
- University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Joshua S Alwood
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities, NASA Postdoctoral Program, Moffett Field, California
| | - Yongjia Yu
- University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas
| | - Ruth K Globus
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
| | | | | | - Irina Petrache
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
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30
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Montesi SB, Mathai SK, Brenner LN, Gorshkova IA, Berdyshev EV, Tager AM, Shea BS. Docosatetraenoyl LPA is elevated in exhaled breath condensate in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BMC Pulm Med 2014; 14:5. [PMID: 24468008 PMCID: PMC3906883 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-14-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal disease with no effective medical therapies. Recent research has focused on identifying the biological processes essential to the development and progression of fibrosis, and on the mediators driving these processes. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a biologically active lysophospholipid, is one such mediator. LPA has been found to be elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of IPF patients, and through interaction with its cell surface receptors, it has been shown to drive multiple biological processes implicated in the development of IPF. Accordingly, the first clinical trial of an LPA receptor antagonist in IPF has recently been initiated. In addition to being a therapeutic target, LPA also has potential to be a biomarker for IPF. There is increasing interest in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) analysis as a non-invasive method for biomarker detection in lung diseases, but to what extent LPA is present in EBC is not known. METHODS In this study, we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to assess for the presence of LPA in the EBC and plasma from 11 IPF subjects and 11 controls. RESULTS A total of 9 different LPA species were detectable in EBC. Of these, docosatetraenoyl (22:4) LPA was significantly elevated in the EBC of IPF subjects when compared to controls (9.18 pM vs. 0.34 pM; p = 0.001). A total of 13 different LPA species were detectable in the plasma, but in contrast to the EBC, there were no statistically significant differences in plasma LPA species between IPF subjects and controls. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that multiple LPA species are detectable in EBC, and that 22:4 LPA levels are elevated in the EBC of IPF patients. Further research is needed to determine the significance of this elevation of 22:4 LPA in IPF EBC, as well as its potential to serve as a biomarker for disease severity and/or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Barry S Shea
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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31
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Application of stable isotopes to investigate the metabolism of fatty acids, glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid species. Prog Lipid Res 2014; 54:14-31. [PMID: 24462586 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nature provides an enormous diversity of lipid molecules that originate from various pathways. To gain insight into the metabolism and dynamics of lipid species, the application of stable isotope-labeled tracers combined with mass spectrometric analysis represents a perfect tool. This review provides an overview of strategies to track fatty acid, glycerophospholipid, and sphingolipid metabolism. In particular, the selection of stable isotope-labeled precursors and their mass spectrometric analysis is discussed. Furthermore, examples of metabolic studies that were performed in cell culture, animal and clinical experiments are presented.
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32
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Truman JP, García-Barros M, Obeid LM, Hannun YA. Evolving concepts in cancer therapy through targeting sphingolipid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1841:1174-88. [PMID: 24384461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Traditional methods of cancer treatment are limited in their efficacy due to both inherent and acquired factors. Many different studies have shown that the generation of ceramide in response to cytotoxic therapy is generally an important step leading to cell death. Cancer cells employ different methods to both limit ceramide generation and to remove ceramide in order to become resistant to treatment. Furthermore, sphingosine kinase activity, which phosphorylates sphingosine the product of ceramide hydrolysis, has been linked to multidrug resistance, and can act as a strong survival factor. This review will examine several of the most frequently used cancer therapies and their effect on both ceramide generation and the mechanisms employed to remove it. The development and use of inhibitors of sphingosine kinase will be focused upon as an example of how targeting sphingolipid metabolism may provide an effective means to improve treatment response rates and reduce associated treatment toxicity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Tools to study lipid functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philip Truman
- Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Mónica García-Barros
- Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA; Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, L4, 178, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, L4, 178, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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33
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Rego A, Trindade D, Chaves SR, Manon S, Costa V, Sousa MJ, Côrte-Real M. The yeast model system as a tool towards the understanding of apoptosis regulation by sphingolipids. FEMS Yeast Res 2013; 14:160-78. [DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- António Rego
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Dário Trindade
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
- CNRS; UMR5095; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux France
| | - Susana R. Chaves
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
| | - Stéphen Manon
- CNRS; UMR5095; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux France
| | - Vítor Costa
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
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34
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Gorshkova IA, Wang H, Orbelyan GA, Goya J, Natarajan V, Beiser DG, Vanden Hoek TL, Berdyshev EV. Inhibition of sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase rescues sphingosine kinase-1-knockout phenotype following murine cardiac arrest. Life Sci 2013; 93:359-66. [PMID: 23892195 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To test the role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling system in the in vivo setting of resuscitation and survival after cardiac arrest. MAIN METHODS A mouse model of potassium-induced cardiac arrest and resuscitation was used to test the importance of S1P homeostasis in resuscitation and survival. C57BL/6 and sphingosine kinase-1 knockout (SphK1-KO) female mice were arrested for 8 min then subjected to 5 minute CPR with epinephrine bolus given at 90s after the beginning of CPR. Animal survival was monitored for 4h post-resuscitation. Upregulation of tissue and circulatory S1P levels were achieved via inhibition of S1P lyase by 2-acetyl-5-tetrahydroxybutyl imidazole (THI). Plasma and heart tissue S1P and ceramide levels were quantified by targeted ESI-LC/MS/MS. KEY FINDINGS Lack of SphK1 and low tissue/circulatory S1P levels in SphK1-KO mice led to poor animal resuscitation after cardiac arrest and to impaired survival post-resuscitation. Inhibition of S1P lyase in SphK1-KO mice drastically improved animal resuscitation and survival. Improved resuscitation and survival of THI-treated SphK1-KO mice were better correlated with cardiac dihydro-S1P (DHS1P) than S1P levels. The lack of SphK1 and the inhibition of S1P lyase by THI were accompanied by modulation in cardiac S1PR1 and S1PR2 expression and by selective changes in plasma N-palmitoyl- and N-behenoyl-ceramide levels. SIGNIFICANCE Our data provide evidence for the crucial role for SphK1 and S1P signaling system in resuscitation and survival after cardiac arrest, which may form the basis for development of novel therapeutic strategy to support resuscitation and long-term survival of cardiac arrest patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Gorshkova
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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35
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Rex K, Jeffries S, Brown ML, Carlson T, Coxon A, Fajardo F, Frank B, Gustin D, Kamb A, Kassner PD, Li S, Li Y, Morgenstern K, Plant M, Quon K, Ruefli-Brasse A, Schmidt J, Swearingen E, Walker N, Wang Z, Watson JEV, Wickramasinghe D, Wong M, Xu G, Wesche H. Sphingosine kinase activity is not required for tumor cell viability. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68328. [PMID: 23861887 PMCID: PMC3702540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinases (SPHKs) are enzymes that phosphorylate the lipid sphingosine, leading to the formation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). In addition to the well established role of extracellular S1P as a mitogen and potent chemoattractant, SPHK activity has been postulated to be an important intracellular regulator of apoptosis. According to the proposed rheostat theory, SPHK activity shifts the intracellular balance from the pro-apoptotic sphingolipids ceramide and sphingosine to the mitogenic S1P, thereby determining the susceptibility of a cell to apoptotic stress. Despite numerous publications with supporting evidence, a clear experimental confirmation of the impact of this mechanism on tumor cell viability in vitro and in vivo has been hampered by the lack of suitable tool reagents. Utilizing a structure based design approach, we developed potent and specific SPHK1/2 inhibitors. These compounds completely inhibited intracellular S1P production in human cells and attenuated vascular permeability in mice, but did not lead to reduced tumor cell growth in vitro or in vivo. In addition, siRNA experiments targeting either SPHK1 or SPHK2 in a large panel of cell lines failed to demonstrate any statistically significant effects on cell viability. These results show that the SPHK rheostat does not play a major role in tumor cell viability, and that SPHKs might not be attractive targets for pharmacological intervention in the area of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Rex
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Shawn Jeffries
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew L. Brown
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Timothy Carlson
- Pharmacokinetics & Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Angela Coxon
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Flordeliza Fajardo
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Brendon Frank
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Darin Gustin
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander Kamb
- Discovery Sciences, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Paul D. Kassner
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Shyun Li
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Yihong Li
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kurt Morgenstern
- Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Matthew Plant
- Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kim Quon
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Astrid Ruefli-Brasse
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Joanna Schmidt
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Elissa Swearingen
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Nigel Walker
- Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zhulun Wang
- Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | - Mariwil Wong
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Guifen Xu
- Pharmacokinetics & Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Holger Wesche
- Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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The roles of sphingosine kinase 1 and 2 in regulating the metabolome and survival of prostate cancer cells. Biomolecules 2013; 3:316-33. [PMID: 24970170 PMCID: PMC4030851 DOI: 10.3390/biom3020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that treatment of androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells with the sphingosine kinase (SK) inhibitor SKi (2-(p-hydroxyanilino)-4-(p-chlorophenyl)thiazole) induces the proteasomal degradation of two N-terminal variants of SK1 (SK1a and SK1b), increases C22:0-ceramide and diadenosine 5′,5′′′-P1,P3-triphosphate (Ap3A) and reduces S1P levels, and promotes apoptosis. We have now investigated the effects of three SK inhibitors (SKi, (S)-FTY720 vinylphosphonate, and (R)-FTY720 methyl ether) on metabolite and sphingolipid levels in androgen-sensitive LNCaP and androgen-independent LNCaP-AI prostate cancer cells. The 51 kDa N-terminal variant of SK1 (SK1b) evades the proteasome in LNCaP-AI cells, and these cells do not exhibit an increase in C22:0-ceramide or Ap3A levels and do not undergo apoptosis in response to SKi. In contrast, the SK inhibitor (S)-FTY720 vinylphosphonate induces degradation of SK1b in LNCaP-AI, but not in LNCaP cells. In LNCaP-AI cells, (S)-FTY720 vinylphosphonate induces a small increase in C16:0-ceramide levels and cleavage of polyADPribose polymerase (indicative of apoptosis). Surprisingly, the level of S1P is increased by 7.8- and 12.8-fold in LNCaP and LNCaP-AI cells, respectively, on treatment with (S)-FTY720 vinylphosphonate. Finally, treatment of androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells with the SK2-selective inhibitor (R)-FTY720 methyl ether increases lysophosphatidylinositol levels, suggesting that SK2 may regulate lyso-PI metabolism in prostate cancer cells.
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37
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Watson DG, Tonelli F, Osaimi MA, Williamson L, Chan E, Gorshkova I, Berdyshev E, Bittman R, Pyne NJ, Pyne S. The roles of sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 in regulating the Warburg effect in prostate cancer cells. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1011-7. [PMID: 23314175 PMCID: PMC3595369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Two isoforms of sphingosine kinase, SK1 and SK2, catalyze the formation of the bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in mammalian cells. We have previously shown that treatment of androgen-sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells with a non-selective SK isoform inhibitor, 2-(p-hydroxyanilino)-4-(p-chlorophenyl)thiazole (SKi), induces the proteasomal degradation of SK1. This is concomitant with a significant increase in C22:0-ceramide and sphingosine levels and a reduction in S1P levels, resulting in the apoptosis of LNCaP cells. In contrast, we show here that a SK2-selective inhibitor, (R)-FTY720 methyl ether (ROME), increases sphingosine and decreases S1P levels but has no effect on ceramide levels and does not induce apoptosis in LNCaP cells. We also show that several glycolytic metabolites and (R)-S-lactoylglutathione are increased upon treatment of LNCaP cells with SKi, which induces the proteasomal degradation of c-Myc. These changes reflect an indirect antagonism of the Warburg effect. LNCaP cells also respond to SKi by diverting glucose 6-phosphate into the pentose phosphate pathway to provide NADPH, which serves as an antioxidant to counter an oxidative stress response. SKi also promotes the formation of a novel pro-apoptotic molecule called diadenosine 5',5'''-P(1),P(3)-triphosphate (Ap3A), which binds to the tumor suppressor fragile histidine triad protein (FHIT). In contrast, the SK2-selective inhibitor, ROME, induces a reduction in some glycolytic metabolites and does not affect oxidative stress. We conclude that SK1 functions to increase the stability of c-Myc and suppresses Ap3A formation, which might maintain the Warburg effect and cell survival, while SK2 exhibits a non-overlapping function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Irina Gorshkova
- The University of Illinois at Chicago Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Evgeny Berdyshev
- The University of Illinois at Chicago Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Robert Bittman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597, USA
| | | | - Susan Pyne
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (Tel: 441415482012; Fax: 441415522562; )
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Qin J, Dawson G. Evidence for coordination of lysosomal (ASMase) and plasma membrane (NSMase2) forms of sphingomyelinase from mutant mice. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:4002-9. [PMID: 23046545 PMCID: PMC3498985 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
NSMase2 is associated to the plasma membrane, whereas ASMase is predominantly lysosomal; both hydrolyze sphingomyelin (SM) to ceramide and phosphocholine. Although SM accumulated in both ASMase(-/-) and fro/fro (NSMase2(-/-)) fibroblasts, the reduction of ceramides was more dramatic in fro/fro cells. ASMase mRNA, protein and enzyme activity were substantially elevated in fro/fro fibroblasts. In contrast, NSMase2 activity was unaffected in ASMase(-/-) fibroblasts. ASMase(-/-) cells showed normal cell cycling whereas fro/fro cells grew slowly and were arrested in G1/G0 and could be corrected by transfection with smpd3 gene. This suggests two distinct subcellular pathways for SM catabolism with distinct functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdong Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Glyn Dawson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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Véret J, Coant N, Gorshkova IA, Giussani P, Fradet M, Riccitelli E, Skobeleva A, Goya J, Kassis N, Natarajan V, Portha B, Berdyshev EV, Le Stunff H. Role of palmitate-induced sphingoid base-1-phosphate biosynthesis in INS-1 β-cell survival. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2012; 1831:251-62. [PMID: 23085009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sphingoid base-1-phosphates represent a very low portion of the sphingolipid pool but are potent bioactive lipids in mammals. This study was undertaken to determine whether these lipids are produced in palmitate-treated pancreatic β cells and what role they play in palmitate-induced β cell apoptosis. Our lipidomic analysis revealed that palmitate at low and high glucose supplementation increased (dihydro)sphingosine-1-phosphate levels in INS-1 β cells. This increase was associated with an increase in sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) mRNA and protein levels. Over-expression of SphK1 in INS-1 cells potentiated palmitate-induced accumulation of dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate. N,N-dimethyl-sphingosine, a potent inhibitor of SphK, potentiated β-cell apoptosis induced by palmitate whereas over-expression of SphK1 significantly reduced apoptosis induced by palmitate with high glucose. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted SphK1 also partially inhibited apoptosis induced by palmitate. Inhibition of INS-1 apoptosis by over-expressed SphK1 was independent of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors but was associated with a decreased formation of pro-apoptotic ceramides induced by gluco-lipotoxicity. Moreover, over-expression of SphK1 counteracted the defect in the ER-to-Golgi transport of proteins that contribute to the ceramide-dependent ER stress observed during gluco-lipotoxicity. In conclusion, our results suggest that activation of palmitate-induced SphK1-mediated sphingoid base-1-phosphate formation in the ER of β cells plays a protective role against palmitate-induced ceramide-dependent apoptotic β cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Véret
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine, Unité BFA, CNRS EAC 4413, Paris, France
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40
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Siow DL, Wattenberg BW. Mammalian ORMDL proteins mediate the feedback response in ceramide biosynthesis. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:40198-204. [PMID: 23066021 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c112.404012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The yeast Orm1/2 proteins regulate ceramide biosynthesis. RESULTS Depletion of the mammalian Orm1/2 homologues, ORMDL1-3, eliminates the negative feedback of exogenous ceramide on ceramide biosynthesis in HeLa cells. CONCLUSION ORMDL proteins are the primary regulators of ceramide biosynthesis in mammalian cells. SIGNIFICANCE Therapeutically manipulating levels of the pro-death lipid, ceramide, requires a molecular understanding of its regulation. The mammalian ORMDL proteins are orthologues of the yeast Orm proteins (Orm1/2), which are regulators of ceramide biosynthesis. In mammalian cells, ceramide is a proapoptotic signaling sphingolipid, but it is also an obligate precursor to essential higher order sphingolipids. Therefore levels of ceramide are expected to be tightly controlled. We tested the three ORMDL isoforms for their role in homeostatically regulating ceramide biosynthesis in mammalian cells. Treatment of cells with a short chain (C6) ceramide or sphingosine resulted in a dramatic inhibition of ceramide biosynthesis. This inhibition was almost completely eliminated by ORMDL knockdown. This establishes that the ORMDL proteins mediate the feedback regulation of ceramide biosynthesis in mammalian cells. The ORMDL proteins are functionally redundant. Knockdown of all three isoforms simultaneously was required to alleviate the sphingolipid-mediated inhibition of ceramide biosynthesis. The lipid sensed by the ORMDL-mediated feedback mechanism is medium or long chain ceramide or a higher order sphingolipid. Treatment of permeabilized cells with C6-ceramide resulted in ORMDL-mediated inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis, serine palmitoyltransferase. This indicates that C6-ceramide inhibition requires only membrane-bound elements and does not involve diffusible proteins or small molecules. We also tested the atypical sphingomyelin synthase isoform, SMSr, for its role in the regulation of ceramide biosynthesis. This unusual enzyme has been reported to regulate ceramide levels in the endoplasmic reticulum. We were unable to detect a role for SMSr in regulating ceramide biosynthesis. We suggest that the role of SMSr may be in the regulation of downstream metabolism of ceramide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna L Siow
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Sánchez-Sánchez R, Morales-Lázaro SL, Baizabal JM, Sunkara M, Morris AJ, Escalante-Alcalde D. Lack of lipid phosphate phosphatase-3 in embryonic stem cells compromises neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth. Dev Dyn 2012; 241:953-64. [PMID: 22434721 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioactive lipids such as lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have been recently described as important regulators of pluripotency and differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells and neural progenitors. Due to the early lethality of LPP3, an enzyme that regulates the levels and biological activities of the aforementioned lipids, it has been difficult to assess its participation in early neural differentiation and neuritogenesis. RESULTS We find that Ppap2b(-/-) (Lpp3(-/-) ) ES cells differentiated in vitro into spinal neurons show a considerable reduction in the amount of neural precursors and young neurons formed. In addition, differentiated Lpp3(-/-) neurons exhibit impaired neurite outgrowth. Surprisingly, when Lpp3(-/-) ES cells were differentiated, an unexpected appearance of smooth muscle actin-positive cells was observed, an event that was partially dependent upon phosphorylated sphingosines. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that LPP3 plays a fundamental role during spinal neuron differentiation from ES and that it also participates in regulating neurite and axon outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Sánchez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, División de Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
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Kalari S, Moolky N, Pendyala S, Berdyshev EV, Rolle C, Kanteti R, Kanteti A, Ma W, He D, Husain AN, Kindler HL, Kanteti P, Salgia R, Natarajan V. Sphingosine kinase 1 is required for mesothelioma cell proliferation: role of histone acetylation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45330. [PMID: 23028939 PMCID: PMC3444486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a devastating disease with an overall poor prognosis. Despite the recent advances in targeted molecular therapies, there is a clear and urgent need for the identification of novel mesothelioma targets for the development of highly efficacious therapeutics. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we report that the expression of Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SphK1) protein was preferentially elevated in MPM tumor tissues (49 epithelioid and 13 sarcomatoid) compared to normal tissue (n = 13). In addition, we also observed significantly elevated levels of SphK1 and SphK2 mRNA and SphK1 protein expression in MPM cell lines such as H2691, H513 and H2461 compared to the non-malignant mesothelial Met5 cells. The underlying mechanism appears to be mediated by SphK1 induced upregulation of select gene transcription programs such as that of CBP/p300 and PCAF, two histone acetyl transferases (HAT), and the down regulation of cell cycle dependent kinase inhibitor genes such as p27Kip1 and p21Cip1. In addition, using immunoprecipitates of anti-acetylated histone antibody from SphK inhibitor, SphK-I2 treated Met5A and H2691 cell lysates, we also showed activation of other cell proliferation related genes, such as Top2A (DNA replication), AKB (chromosome remodeling and mitotic spindle formation), and suppression of p21 CIP1 and p27KIP1. The CDK2, HAT1 and MYST2 were, however, unaffected in the above study. Using SphK inhibitor and specific siRNA targeting either SphK1 or SphK2, we also unequivocally established that SphK1, but not SphK2, promotes H2691 mesothelioma cell proliferation. Using a multi-walled carbon nanotubes induced peritoneal mesothelioma mouse model, we showed that the SphK1−/− null mice exhibited significantly less inflammation and granulamatous nodules compared to their wild type counterparts. Conclusions/Significance The lipid kinase SphK1 plays a positive and essential role in the growth and development of malignant mesothelioma and is therefore a likely therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kalari
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Nagabhushan Moolky
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Srikanth Pendyala
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Evgeny V. Berdyshev
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Cleo Rolle
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rajani Kanteti
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Archana Kanteti
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Wenli Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Donghong He
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Aliya N. Husain
- Pathology, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Hedy L. Kindler
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Prasad Kanteti
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 deficiency is associated with lung anomalies similar to emphysema. Mamm Genome 2012; 23:758-63. [PMID: 22945695 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-012-9419-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) upregulation was recently demonstrated to serve as a molecular link between smoke inhalation and emphysematous changes in lungs. Here we report that nSMase2 deficit impairs lung development in mice. We have shown previously that fragilitas ossium (fro) mice carry a mutation in the Smpd3 gene, rendering nSMase2 catalytically inactive. Analysis of lung phenotype revealed that fro mice have abnormally enlarged alveoli and increased compliance of the respiratory system, similar to morphological and functional manifestations of emphysema. Analysis of sphingolipid content in fro lungs revealed a decreased level of C14:0 ceramide but no significant alterations in the levels of sphingosine or sphingosine-1-phosphate. Altogether, our data suggest that nSMase2 activity and ceramide level are critical for lung development and function. Based on our data, ceramide can no longer be viewed as a lipid solely detrimental to lung function.
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44
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Testai FD, Hillmann M, Amin-Hanjani S, Gorshkova I, Berdyshev E, Gorelick PB, Dawson G. Changes in the cerebrospinal fluid ceramide profile after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 2012; 43:2066-70. [PMID: 22713492 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.112.650390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the cerebrospinal fluid sphingolipid profile in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage in relation to the occurrence of symptomatic vasospasm and outcome at hospital discharge. METHODS The ceramide profile in the cerebrospinal fluid was determined by mass spectrometry in control subjects and patients with Fisher 3 grade subarachnoid hemorrhage within 48 hours of the bleed. Patients were prospectively followed and subcategorized based on the occurrence of symptomatic vasospasm and modified Rankin Scale at discharge. RESULTS Compared to control subjects, patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage had higher cerebrospinal fluid levels of total ceramide (12.4±8.8 versus 54.6±49.3 pmol/mL; P<0.001). In the subgroup analysis, total ceramide levels in individuals with symptomatic vasospasm (104.2±57.0 pmol/mL) were higher than in those with asymptomatic vasospasm (32.4±25.7 pmol/mL; P=0.006) and no vasospasm (30.9±15.7 pmol/mL; P=0.003). In addition, compared to patients with a good outcome (modified Rankin Scale ≤3), individuals with poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale ≥4) had higher cerebrospinal fluid levels of total ceramide (79±25 versus 23±6 pmol/mL; P=0.008). When the relative contributions of the different ceramide species were calculated, a higher relative concentration of C(18:0) ceramide was observed in individuals with symptomatic vasospasm (P=0.018) and poor outcome (P=0.028). CONCLUSIONS Ceramide profile changes occur in subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this small case-based series elevation of levels of this sphingolipid, particularly C(18:0), was associated with the occurrence of symptomatic vasospasm and poor neurological outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando D Testai
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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45
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Lim KG, Tonelli F, Berdyshev E, Gorshkova I, Leclercq T, Pitson SM, Bittman R, Pyne S, Pyne NJ. Inhibition kinetics and regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 expression in prostate cancer cells: functional differences between sphingosine kinase 1a and 1b. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:1457-64. [PMID: 22634604 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 catalyses the formation of the bioactive lipid, sphingosine 1-phosphate and is a target for anti-cancer agents. We demonstrate here that 2-(p-hydroxyanilino)-4-(p-chlorophenyl)thiazole (SKi, also referred to as SKI-II), FTY720 (Fingolimod), and (S)-FTY720 vinylphosphonate inhibit sphingosine kinase 1 activity with distinct kinetics, indicating that these compounds exhibit different binding modalities with sphingosine kinase 1. Thus, SKi is a mixed inhibitor of sphingosine and ATP binding, whereas FTY720 is competitive with sphingosine and uncompetitive with ATP, and (S)-FTY720 vinylphosphonate is uncompetitive with sphingosine and is a mixed inhibitor with respect to ATP. A novel 'see-saw' model is proposed for the binding of inhibitor to catalytic and allosteric sites, the latter dependent on substrate binding, that provides an explanation for the different inhibitor kinetics. In addition, we demonstrate that the expression level and properties unique to an N-terminal 86 amino-acid isoform variant of sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1b) in prostate cancer cells reduce its sensitivity to SKi-induced proteasomal degradation in comparison to SK1a, i.e. these two N-terminal variants of sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1a and SK1b) have different properties. The reduced sensitivity of SK1b to proteasomal degradation in response to SKi is translated into specific changes in ceramide and S1P levels that leads to apoptosis of androgen-sensitive but not androgen-independent LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Therefore, our proposed 'see-saw' model might be usefully employed in the design of sphingosine kinase inhibitors to promote apoptosis of chemotherapeutic resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Gat Lim
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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46
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Gorshkova I, Zhou T, Mathew B, Jacobson JR, Takekoshi D, Bhattacharya P, Smith B, Aydogan B, Weichselbaum RR, Natarajan V, Garcia JGN, Berdyshev EV. Inhibition of serine palmitoyltransferase delays the onset of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis through the negative regulation of sphingosine kinase-1 expression. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:1553-68. [PMID: 22615416 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m026039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The enforcement of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling network protects from radiation-induced pneumonitis. We now demonstrate that, in contrast to early postirradiation period, late postirradiation sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1) and sphingoid base-1-phosphates are associated with radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIF). Using the mouse model, we demonstrate that RIF is characterized by a marked upregulation of S1P and dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate (DHS1P) levels in the lung tissue and in circulation accompanied by increased lung SphK1 expression and activity. Inhibition of sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis by targeting serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) with myriocin reduced radiation-induced pulmonary inflammation and delayed the onset of RIF as evidenced by increased animal lifespan and decreased expression of markers of fibrogenesis, such as collagen and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), in the lung. Long-term inhibition of SPT also decreased radiation-induced SphK activity in the lung and the levels of S1P-DHS1P in the lung tissue and in circulation. In vitro, inhibition or silencing of serine palmitoyltransferase attenuated transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β)-induced upregulation of α-SMA through the negative regulation of SphK1 expression in normal human lung fibroblasts. These data demonstrate a novel role for SPT in regulating TGF-β signaling and fibrogenesis that is linked to the regulation of SphK1 expression and S1P-DHS1P formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gorshkova
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Qin J, Berdyshev E, Poirer C, Schwartz NB, Dawson G. Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 deficiency increases hyaluronan synthesis by up-regulation of Hyaluronan synthase 2 through decreased ceramide production and activation of Akt. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:13620-32. [PMID: 22383528 PMCID: PMC3340193 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.304857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts from the fro/fro mouse, with a deletion in the Smpd3 gene coding for the active site of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (NSMase2), secreted increased amounts of hyaluronan (HA). This was reversed by transfection with the Smpd3 gene, suggesting a connection between sphingolipid and glycosaminoglycan metabolism. The deficiency of NSMase2 resulted in storage of sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol with a 50% reduction in ceramides (Cer). RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that increased HA secretion resulted from increased hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) activity localized to sphingolipid-enriched lipid rafts. Although cholesterol levels were also elevated in lipid rafts from mouse fibroblasts deficient in lysosomal acid SMase activity (deletion of the Smpd1(-/-) gene), there was no increase in HA secretion. We then showed that in fro/fro fibroblasts, the reduced ceramide was associated with decreased phosphorylation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and increased phosphorylation of its substrate Akt-p, together with PI3K, PDK1, mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), and p70S6K, although PTEN was unaffected. Exogenous ceramide, as well as inhibitors of Akt (Akt inhibitor VIII), PI 3-kinase (LY294002 and wortmannin), and mTOR (rapamycin) reduced secretion of HA, whereas the NSMase2 inhibitor GW4869 increased HA synthesis and secretion. We propose that NSMase2/Cer are the key mediators of the regulation of HA synthesis, via microdomains and the Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evgeny Berdyshev
- the Department of Medicine, Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60612, and
| | - Christophe Poirer
- the Georgia Health Sciences University, Vascular Biology Center, Athens, Georgia 30912
| | - Nancy B. Schwartz
- From the Departments of Pediatrics and
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Glyn Dawson
- From the Departments of Pediatrics and
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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Ong A, Orozco F, Sheikh ES, Anmuth C, Alfaro A, Kathrins R, Grove GL, Zerweck C, Madden AM, Raspa R, Weis MT. An RCT on the effects of topical CGP on surgical wound appearance and residual scarring in bilateral total-knee arthroplasty patients. J Wound Care 2012; 20:592-8. [PMID: 22240886 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2011.20.12.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that topically applied calcium glycerophosphate (CGP) would improve the appearance of the wound following bilateral knee replacement. METHOD Healthy patients, aged 45-75 years, scheduled for bilateral total-knee replacement surgery were recruited into the study. One knee was randomly assigned to the treatment group, while the contralateral knee was designated the control (standard care). Subjects were instructed to apply a preparation of 10% CGP in an aqueous lotion to the treated knee once daily for 42 days, starting at the third postoperative day. Functional sealing and cosmetic appearance of the incision were evaluated by two surgeons by direct examination of the patient and then by two experienced assessors from photographs. The investigators qualitatively scored the intensity and extent of erythema along the incision and over the entire knee, the appearance of visible oedema along the incision and over the knee, and the overall clinical impression of wound healing. All four assessors were blinded to the subjects' allocation and the latter two assessors to the initial investigators' assessments. Subjects were also followed up for an additional 46 weeks, giving a total study duration of 12 months. RESULTS Twenty patients completed the study. Statistical analysis showed that both the area and intensity of erythema along the incision were significantly reduced in the treated vs untreated knee over the entire study period. The analysis further showed that treatment significantly reduced oedema, both along the incision and across the entire knee. The differences were most marked at the seventh postoperative day and diminished with time. No adverse effects were observed for any patient, in either treated or untreated knees. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that postoperative application of 10% CGP could improve the appearance of the wound following total knee arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ong
- Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, USA
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Evaluation of bioactive sphingolipids in 4-HPR-resistant leukemia cells. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:477. [PMID: 22061047 PMCID: PMC3218121 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR, fenretinide) is a synthetic retinoid with potent pro-apoptotic activity against several types of cancer, but little is known regarding mechanisms leading to chemoresistance. Ceramide and, more recently, other sphingolipid species (e.g., dihydroceramide and dihydrosphingosine) have been implicated in 4-HPR-mediated tumor cell death. Because sphingolipid metabolism has been reported to be altered in drug-resistant tumor cells, we studied the implication of sphingolipids in acquired resistance to 4-HPR based on an acute lymphoblastic leukemia model. Methods CCRF-CEM cell lines resistant to 4-HPR were obtained by gradual selection. Endogenous sphingolipid profiles and in situ enzymatic activities were determined by LC/MS, and resistance to 4-HPR or to alternative treatments was measured using the XTT viability assay and annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide labeling. Results No major crossresistance was observed against other antitumoral compounds (i.e. paclitaxel, cisplatin, doxorubicin hydrochloride) or agents (i.e. ultra violet C, hydrogen peroxide) also described as sphingolipid modulators. CCRF-CEM cell lines resistant to 4-HPR exhibited a distinctive endogenous sphingolipid profile that correlated with inhibition of dihydroceramide desaturase. Cells maintained acquired resistance to 4-HPR after the removal of 4-HPR though the sphingolipid profile returned to control levels. On the other hand, combined treatment with sphingosine kinase inhibitors (unnatural (dihydro)sphingosines ((dh)Sph)) and glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor (PPMP) in the presence or absence of 4-HPR increased cellular (dh)Sph (but not ceramide) levels and were highly toxic for both parental and resistant cells. Conclusions In the leukemia model, acquired resistance to 4-HPR is selective and persists in the absence of sphingolipid profile alteration. Therapeutically, the data demonstrate that alternative sphingolipid-modulating antitumoral strategies are suitable for both 4-HPR-resistant and sensitive leukemia cells. Thus, whereas sphingolipids may not be critical for maintaining resistance to 4-HPR, manipulation of cytotoxic sphingolipids should be considered a viable approach for overcoming resistance.
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Ceramide synthase 4 and de novo production of ceramides with specific N-acyl chain lengths are involved in glucolipotoxicity-induced apoptosis of INS-1 β-cells. Biochem J 2011; 438:177-89. [PMID: 21592087 DOI: 10.1042/bj20101386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell apoptosis induced by palmitate requires high glucose concentrations. Ceramides have been suggested to be important mediators of glucolipotoxicity-induced β-cell apoptosis. In INS-1 β-cells, 0.4 mM palmitate with 5 mM glucose increased the levels of dihydrosphingosine and dihydroceramides, two lipid intermediates in the de novo biosynthesis of ceramides, without inducing apoptosis. Increasing glucose concentrations to 30 mM amplified palmitate-induced accumulation of dihydrosphingosine and the formation of (dihydro)ceramides. Of note, glucolipotoxicity specifically induced the formation of C(18:0), C(22:0) and C(24:1) (dihydro)ceramide molecular species, which was associated with the up-regulation of CerS4 (ceramide synthase 4) levels. Fumonisin-B1, a ceramide synthase inhibitor, partially blocked apoptosis induced by glucolipotoxicity. In contrast, apoptosis was potentiated in the presence of D,L-threo-1-phenyl-2-palmitoylamino-3-morpholinopropan-1-ol, an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase. Moreover, overexpression of CerS4 amplified ceramide production and apoptosis induced by palmitate with 30 mM glucose, whereas down-regulation of CerS4 by siRNA (short interfering RNA) reduced apoptosis. CerS4 also potentiates ceramide accumulation and apoptosis induced by another saturated fatty acid: stearate. Collectively, our results suggest that glucolipotoxicity induces β-cell apoptosis through a dual mechanism involving de novo ceramide biosynthesis and the formation of ceramides with specific N-acyl chain lengths rather than an overall increase in ceramide content.
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