1
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Lottes EN, Ciger F, Bhattacharjee S, Timmins EA, Tete B, Tran T, Matta J, Patel AA, Cox DN. CCT and Cullin1 Regulate the TORC1 Pathway to Promote Dendritic Arborization in Health and Disease. Cells 2024; 13:1029. [PMID: 38920658 PMCID: PMC11201622 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of cell-type-specific dendritic arbors is integral to the proper functioning of neurons within their circuit networks. In this study, we examine the regulatory relationship between the cytosolic chaperonin CCT, key insulin pathway genes, and an E3 ubiquitin ligase (Cullin1) in dendritic development. CCT loss of function (LOF) results in dendritic hypotrophy in Drosophila Class IV (CIV) multi-dendritic larval sensory neurons, and CCT has recently been shown to fold components of the TOR (Target of Rapamycin) complex 1 (TORC1) in vitro. Through targeted genetic manipulations, we confirm that an LOF of CCT and the TORC1 pathway reduces dendritic complexity, while overexpression of key TORC1 pathway genes increases the dendritic complexity in CIV neurons. Furthermore, both CCT and TORC1 LOF significantly reduce microtubule (MT) stability. CCT has been previously implicated in regulating proteinopathic aggregation, thus, we examine CIV dendritic development in disease conditions as well. The expression of mutant Huntingtin leads to dendritic hypotrophy in a repeat-length-dependent manner, which can be rescued by Cullin1 LOF. Together, our data suggest that Cullin1 and CCT influence dendritic arborization through the regulation of TORC1 in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel N. Cox
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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2
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Rinehart L, Stewart WE, Luffman N, Wawersik M, Kerscher O. Chigno/CG11180 and SUMO are Chinmo-interacting proteins with a role in Drosophila testes somatic support cells. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16971. [PMID: 38495765 PMCID: PMC10944633 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are critical for replenishment of cells lost to death, damage or differentiation. Drosophila testes are a key model system for elucidating mechanisms regulating stem cell maintenance and differentiation. An intriguing gene identified through such studies is the transcription factor, chronologically inappropriate morphogenesis (Chinmo). Chinmo is a downstream effector of the Jak-STAT signaling pathway that acts in testis somatic stem cells to ensure maintenance of male stem cell fate and sexual identity. Defects in these processes can lead to infertility and the formation of germ cell tumors. While Chinmo's effect on testis stem cell behavior has been investigated in detail, there is still much to be learned about its structure, function, and interactions with other proteins. Using a two-hybrid screen, we find that Chinmo interacts with itself, the small ubiquitin-like modifier SUMO, the novel protein CG11180, and four other proteins (CG4318, Ova (ovaries absent), Taf3 (TBP-associated factor 3), and CG18269). Since both Chinmo and CG11180 contain sumoylation sites and SUMO-interacting motifs (SIMs), we analyzed their interaction in more detail. Using site-directed mutagenesis of a unique SIM in CG11180, we demonstrate that Chinmo's interaction with CG11180 is SUMO-dependent. Furthermore, to assess the functional relevance of both SUMO and CG11180, we performed RNAi-mediated knockdown of both proteins in somatic cells of the Drosophila testis. Using this approach, we find that CG11180 and SUMO are required in somatic cells of adult testes, and that reduction of either protein causes formation of germ cell tumors. Overall, our work suggests that SUMO may be involved in the interaction of Chinmo and CG11180 and that these genes are required in somatic cells of the adult Drosophila testis. Consistent with the CG11180 knockdown phenotype in male testes, and to underscore its connection to Chinmo, we propose the name Chigno (Childless Gambino) for CG11180.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanna Rinehart
- Biology Department, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Wendy E. Stewart
- Biology Department, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Natalie Luffman
- Biology Department, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Matthew Wawersik
- Biology Department, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Oliver Kerscher
- Biology Department, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States of America
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3
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Lee KT, Pranoto IKA, Kim SY, Choi HJ, To NB, Chae H, Lee JY, Kim JE, Kwon YV, Nam JW. Comparative interactome analysis of α-arrestin families in human and Drosophila. eLife 2024; 12:RP88328. [PMID: 38270169 PMCID: PMC10945707 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The α-arrestins form a large family of evolutionally conserved modulators that control diverse signaling pathways, including both G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated and non-GPCR-mediated pathways, across eukaryotes. However, unlike β-arrestins, only a few α-arrestin targets and functions have been characterized. Here, using affinity purification and mass spectrometry, we constructed interactomes for 6 human and 12 Drosophila α-arrestins. The resulting high-confidence interactomes comprised 307 and 467 prey proteins in human and Drosophila, respectively. A comparative analysis of these interactomes predicted not only conserved binding partners, such as motor proteins, proteases, ubiquitin ligases, RNA splicing factors, and GTPase-activating proteins, but also those specific to mammals, such as histone modifiers and the subunits of V-type ATPase. Given the manifestation of the interaction between the human α-arrestin, TXNIP, and the histone-modifying enzymes, including HDAC2, we undertook a global analysis of transcription signals and chromatin structures that were affected by TXNIP knockdown. We found that TXNIP activated targets by blocking HDAC2 recruitment to targets, a result that was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Additionally, the interactome for an uncharacterized human α-arrestin ARRDC5 uncovered multiple components in the V-type ATPase, which plays a key role in bone resorption by osteoclasts. Our study presents conserved and species-specific protein-protein interaction maps for α-arrestins, which provide a valuable resource for interrogating their cellular functions for both basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Advanced BioConvergence, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Inez KA Pranoto
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Soon-Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Hee-Joo Choi
- Bio-BigData Center, Hanyang Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Bao To
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hansong Chae
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yeon Lee
- Bio-BigData Center, Hanyang Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Young V Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Jin-Wu Nam
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Advanced BioConvergence, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Bio-BigData Center, Hanyang Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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4
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Chen K, Dou X, Eum JH, Harrison RE, Brown MR, Strand MR. Insulin-like peptides and ovary ecdysteroidogenic hormone differentially stimulate physiological processes regulating egg formation in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 163:104028. [PMID: 37913852 PMCID: PMC10842226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes including Aedes aegypti are human disease vectors because females must blood feed to produce and lay eggs. Blood feeding triggers insulin-insulin growth factor signaling (IIS) which regulates several physiological processes required for egg development. A. aegypti encodes 8 insulin-like peptides (ILPs) and one insulin-like receptor (IR) plus ovary ecdysteroidogenic hormone (OEH) that also activates IIS through the OEH receptor (OEHR). In this study, we assessed the expression of A. aegypti ILPs and OEH during a gonadotrophic cycle and produced each that were functionally characterized to further understand their roles in regulating egg formation. All A. aegypti ILPs and OEH were expressed during a gonadotrophic cycle. Five ILPs (1, 3, 4, 7, 8) and OEH were specifically expressed in the head, while antibodies to ILP3 and OEH indicated each was released after blood feeding from ventricular axons that terminate on the anterior midgut. A subset of ILP family members and OEH stimulated nutrient storage in previtellogenic females before blood feeding, whereas most IIS-dependent processes after blood feeding were activated by one or more of the brain-specific ILPs and/or OEH. ILPs and OEH with different biological activities also exhibited differences in IIS as measured by phosphorylation of the IR, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt kinase (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Altogether, our results provide the first results that compare the functional activities of all ILP family members and OEH produced by an insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Chen
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Dou
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jai Hoon Eum
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ruby E Harrison
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Mark R Brown
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Michael R Strand
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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5
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Frappaolo A, Giansanti MG. Using Drosophila melanogaster to Dissect the Roles of the mTOR Signaling Pathway in Cell Growth. Cells 2023; 12:2622. [PMID: 37998357 PMCID: PMC10670727 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved target of rapamycin (TOR) serine/threonine kinase controls eukaryotic cell growth, metabolism and survival by integrating signals from the nutritional status and growth factors. TOR is the catalytic subunit of two distinct functional multiprotein complexes termed mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) and mTORC2, which phosphorylate a different set of substrates and display different physiological functions. Dysregulation of TOR signaling has been involved in the development and progression of several disease states including cancer and diabetes. Here, we highlight how genetic and biochemical studies in the model system Drosophila melanogaster have been crucial to identify the mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling components and to dissect their function in cellular growth, in strict coordination with insulin signaling. In addition, we review new findings that involve Drosophila Golgi phosphoprotein 3 in regulating organ growth via Rheb-mediated activation of mTORC1 in line with an emerging role for the Golgi as a major hub for mTORC1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Frappaolo
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Giansanti
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
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6
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Lottes EN, Ciger FH, Bhattacharjee S, Timmins-Wilde EA, Tete B, Tran T, Matta J, Patel AA, Cox DN. CCT and Cullin1 regulate the TORC1 pathway to promote dendritic arborization in health and disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.31.551324. [PMID: 37577581 PMCID: PMC10418059 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.31.551324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of cell-type-specific dendritic arbors is integral to the proper functioning of neurons within their circuit networks. In this study, we examine the regulatory relationship between the cytosolic chaperonin CCT, key insulin pathway genes, and an E3 ubiquitin ligase (Cullin1) in homeostatic dendritic development. CCT loss of function (LOF) results in dendritic hypotrophy in Drosophila Class IV (CIV) multidendritic larval sensory neurons, and CCT has recently been shown to fold components of the TOR (Target of Rapamycin) complex 1 (TORC1), in vitro. Through targeted genetic manipulations, we have confirmed that LOF of CCT and the TORC1 pathway reduces dendritic complexity, while overexpression of key TORC1 pathway genes increases dendritic complexity in CIV neurons. Both CCT and TORC1 LOF significantly reduce microtubule (MT) stability. CCT has been previously implicated in regulating proteinopathic aggregation, thus we examined CIV dendritic development in disease conditions as well. Expression of mutant Huntingtin leads to dendritic hypotrophy in a repeat-length-dependent manner, which can be rescued by TORC1 disinhibition via Cullin1 LOF. Together, our data suggest that Cullin1 and CCT influence dendritic arborization through regulation of TORC1 in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin N. Lottes
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Feyza H. Ciger
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | | | | | - Benoit Tete
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Tommy Tran
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Jais Matta
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Atit A. Patel
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Daniel N. Cox
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
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7
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Liang M, Hody C, Yammine V, Soin R, Sun Y, Lin X, Tian X, Meurs R, Perdrau C, Delacourt N, Oumalis M, Andris F, Conrard L, Kruys V, Gueydan C. eIF4EHP promotes Ldh mRNA translation in and fruit fly adaptation to hypoxia. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56460. [PMID: 37144276 PMCID: PMC10328074 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia induces profound modifications in the gene expression program of eukaryotic cells due to lowered ATP supply resulting from the blockade of oxidative phosphorylation. One significant consequence of oxygen deprivation is the massive repression of protein synthesis, leaving a limited set of mRNAs to be translated. Drosophila melanogaster is strongly resistant to oxygen fluctuations; however, the mechanisms allowing specific mRNA to be translated into hypoxia are still unknown. Here, we show that Ldh mRNA encoding lactate dehydrogenase is highly translated into hypoxia by a mechanism involving a CA-rich motif present in its 3' untranslated region. Furthermore, we identified the cap-binding protein eIF4EHP as a main factor involved in 3'UTR-dependent translation under hypoxia. In accordance with this observation, we show that eIF4EHP is necessary for Drosophila development under low oxygen concentrations and contributes to Drosophila mobility after hypoxic challenge. Altogether, our data bring new insight into mechanisms contributing to LDH production and Drosophila adaptation to oxygen variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfei Liang
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
- Present address:
Medical Science and Technology Innovation CenterShandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
| | - Clara Hody
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Vanessa Yammine
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Romuald Soin
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Yuqiu Sun
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Xing Lin
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Xiaoying Tian
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Romane Meurs
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Camille Perdrau
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Nadège Delacourt
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Marina Oumalis
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Fabienne Andris
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie, Faculté des SciencesUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Louise Conrard
- Center of Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI)Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Véronique Kruys
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
| | - Cyril Gueydan
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du GèneUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)GosseliesBelgium
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8
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Tang HW, Spirohn K, Hu Y, Hao T, Kovács IA, Gao Y, Binari R, Yang-Zhou D, Wan KH, Bader JS, Balcha D, Bian W, Booth BW, Coté AG, de Rouck S, Desbuleux A, Goh KY, Kim DK, Knapp JJ, Lee WX, Lemmens I, Li C, Li M, Li R, Lim HJ, Liu Y, Luck K, Markey D, Pollis C, Rangarajan S, Rodiger J, Schlabach S, Shen Y, Sheykhkarimli D, TeeKing B, Roth FP, Tavernier J, Calderwood MA, Hill DE, Celniker SE, Vidal M, Perrimon N, Mohr SE. Next-generation large-scale binary protein interaction network for Drosophila melanogaster. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2162. [PMID: 37061542 PMCID: PMC10105736 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Generating reference maps of interactome networks illuminates genetic studies by providing a protein-centric approach to finding new components of existing pathways, complexes, and processes. We apply state-of-the-art methods to identify binary protein-protein interactions (PPIs) for Drosophila melanogaster. Four all-by-all yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screens of > 10,000 Drosophila proteins result in the 'FlyBi' dataset of 8723 PPIs among 2939 proteins. Testing subsets of data from FlyBi and previous PPI studies using an orthogonal assay allows for normalization of data quality; subsequent integration of FlyBi and previous data results in an expanded binary Drosophila reference interaction network, DroRI, comprising 17,232 interactions among 6511 proteins. We use FlyBi data to generate an autophagy network, then validate in vivo using autophagy-related assays. The deformed wings (dwg) gene encodes a protein that is both a regulator and a target of autophagy. Altogether, these resources provide a foundation for building new hypotheses regarding protein networks and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wen Tang
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Kerstin Spirohn
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tong Hao
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - István A Kovács
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 633 Clark Street, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems, Chambers Hall, Northwestern University, 600 Foster St, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard Binari
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Donghui Yang-Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth H Wan
- Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Joel S Bader
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- High-Throughput Biology Center, Institute of Basic Biological Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Dawit Balcha
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Wenting Bian
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Benjamin W Booth
- Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Atina G Coté
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (LTRI), Sinai Health, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1×5, Canada
| | - Steffi de Rouck
- Cytokine Receptor Lab, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alice Desbuleux
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Kah Yong Goh
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Dae-Kyum Kim
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, 665 Elm St., Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Jennifer J Knapp
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (LTRI), Sinai Health, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1×5, Canada
| | - Wen Xing Lee
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Irma Lemmens
- Cytokine Receptor Lab, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cathleen Li
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mian Li
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Roujia Li
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (LTRI), Sinai Health, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1×5, Canada
| | - Hyobin Julianne Lim
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, 665 Elm St., Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Yifang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Katja Luck
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Dylan Markey
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Carl Pollis
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sudharshan Rangarajan
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jonathan Rodiger
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sadie Schlabach
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yun Shen
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Dayag Sheykhkarimli
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (LTRI), Sinai Health, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1×5, Canada
| | - Bridget TeeKing
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Frederick P Roth
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (LTRI), Sinai Health, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1×5, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 40 St George St, Toronto, ON, M5S 2E4, Canada
| | - Jan Tavernier
- Cytokine Receptor Lab, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael A Calderwood
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - David E Hill
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Susan E Celniker
- Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Marc Vidal
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Stephanie E Mohr
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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9
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Wilkinson MD, Ferreira JL, Beeby M, Baum J, Willison KR. The malaria parasite chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) complex: Data integration with other CCT proteomes. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1057232. [PMID: 36567946 PMCID: PMC9772883 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1057232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The multi-subunit chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) is an essential molecular chaperone that functions in the folding of key cellular proteins. This paper reviews the interactome of the eukaryotic chaperonin CCT and its primary clients, the ubiquitous cytoskeletal proteins, actin and tubulin. CCT interacts with other nascent proteins, especially the WD40 propeller proteins, and also assists in the assembly of several protein complexes. A new proteomic dataset is presented for CCT purified from the human malarial parasite, P. falciparum (PfCCT). The CCT8 subunit gene was C-terminally FLAG-tagged using Selection Linked Integration (SLI) and CCT complexes were extracted from infected human erythrocyte cultures synchronized for maximum expression levels of CCT at the trophozoite stage of the parasite's asexual life cycle. We analyze the new PfCCT proteome and incorporate it into our existing model of the CCT system, supported by accumulated data from biochemical and cell biological experiments in many eukaryotic species. Together with measurements of CCT mRNA, CCT protein subunit copy number and the post-translational and chemical modifications of the CCT subunits themselves, a cumulative picture is emerging of an essential molecular chaperone system sitting at the heart of eukaryotic cell growth control and cell cycle regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Wilkinson
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josie L. Ferreira
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Morgan Beeby
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jake Baum
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Keith R. Willison
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Keith R. Willison,
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10
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Malaguarnera R, Gabriele C, Santamaria G, Giuliano M, Vella V, Massimino M, Vigneri P, Cuda G, Gaspari M, Belfiore A. Comparative proteomic analysis of insulin receptor isoform A and B signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 557:111739. [PMID: 35940390 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The insulin receptor (IR) gene undergoes differential splicing generating two IR isoforms, IR-A and IR-B. The roles of IR-A in cancer and of IR-B in metabolic regulation are well known but the molecular mechanisms responsible for their different biological effects are poorly understood. We aimed to identify different or similar protein substrates and signaling linked to each IR isoforms. We employed mouse fibroblasts lacking IGF1R gene and expressing exclusively either IR-A or IR-B. By proteomic analysis a total of 2530 proteins were identified and quantified. Proteins and pathways mostly associated with insulin-activated IR-A were involved in cancer, stemness and interferon signaling. Instead, proteins and pathways associated with insulin-stimulated IR-B-expressing cells were mostly involved in metabolic or tumor suppressive functions. These results show that IR-A and IR-B recruit partially different multiprotein complexes in response to insulin, suggesting partially different functions of IR isoforms in physiology and in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caterina Gabriele
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Medicine and Molecular Cardiology, Technical University of Munich, Germany.
| | - Marika Giuliano
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy.
| | - Veronica Vella
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy.
| | - Michele Massimino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oncology Unit, University of Catania, 95100, Catania, Italy.
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oncology Unit, University of Catania, 95100, Catania, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy.
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11
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Ogienko AA, Omelina ES, Bylino OV, Batin MA, Georgiev PG, Pindyurin AV. Drosophila as a Model Organism to Study Basic Mechanisms of Longevity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911244. [PMID: 36232546 PMCID: PMC9569508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatio-temporal regulation of gene expression determines the fate and function of various cells and tissues and, as a consequence, the correct development and functioning of complex organisms. Certain mechanisms of gene activity regulation provide adequate cell responses to changes in environmental factors. Aside from gene expression disorders that lead to various pathologies, alterations of expression of particular genes were shown to significantly decrease or increase the lifespan in a wide range of organisms from yeast to human. Drosophila fruit fly is an ideal model system to explore mechanisms of longevity and aging due to low cost, easy handling and maintenance, large number of progeny per adult, short life cycle and lifespan, relatively low number of paralogous genes, high evolutionary conservation of epigenetic mechanisms and signalling pathways, and availability of a wide range of tools to modulate gene expression in vivo. Here, we focus on the organization of the evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways whose components significantly influence the aging process and on the interconnections of these pathways with gene expression regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Ogienko
- Department of Regulation of Genetic Processes, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgeniya S. Omelina
- Department of Regulation of Genetic Processes, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 630039 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Bylino
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Batin
- Open Longevity, 15260 Ventura Blvd., Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, CA 91403, USA
| | - Pavel G. Georgiev
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Pindyurin
- Department of Regulation of Genetic Processes, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-383-363-90-42
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12
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The Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP2: A New Target for Insulin Resistance? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092139. [PMID: 36140242 PMCID: PMC9495760 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The SH2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2) plays essential roles in fundamental signaling pathways, conferring on it versatile physiological functions during development and in homeostasis maintenance, and leading to major pathological outcomes when dysregulated. Many studies have documented that SHP2 modulation disrupted glucose homeostasis, pointing out a relationship between its dysfunction and insulin resistance, and the therapeutic potential of its targeting. While studies from cellular or tissue-specific models concluded on both pros-and-cons effects of SHP2 on insulin resistance, recent data from integrated systems argued for an insulin resistance promoting role for SHP2, and therefore a therapeutic benefit of its inhibition. In this review, we will summarize the general knowledge of SHP2’s molecular, cellular, and physiological functions, explaining the pathophysiological impact of its dysfunctions, then discuss its protective or promoting roles in insulin resistance as well as the potency and limitations of its pharmacological modulation.
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13
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Merrill CB, Montgomery AB, Pabon MA, Shabalin AA, Rodan AR, Rothenfluh A. Harnessing changes in open chromatin determined by ATAC-seq to generate insulin-responsive reporter constructs. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:399. [PMID: 35614386 PMCID: PMC9134605 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene regulation is critical for proper cellular function. Next-generation sequencing technology has revealed the presence of regulatory networks that regulate gene expression and essential cellular functions. Studies investigating the epigenome have begun to uncover the complex mechanisms regulating transcription. Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin by sequencing (ATAC-seq) is quickly becoming the assay of choice for many epigenomic investigations. However, whether intervention-mediated changes in accessible chromatin determined by ATAC-seq can be harnessed to generate intervention-inducible reporter constructs has not been systematically assayed. RESULTS We used the insulin signaling pathway as a model to investigate chromatin regions and gene expression changes using ATAC- and RNA-seq in insulin-treated Drosophila S2 cells. We found correlations between ATAC- and RNA-seq data, especially when stratifying differentially-accessible chromatin regions by annotated feature type. In particular, our data demonstrated a weak but significant correlation between chromatin regions annotated to enhancers (1-2 kb from the transcription start site) and downstream gene expression. We cloned candidate enhancer regions upstream of luciferase and demonstrate insulin-inducibility of several of these reporters. CONCLUSIONS Insulin-induced chromatin accessibility determined by ATAC-seq reveals enhancer regions that drive insulin-inducible reporter gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin B Merrill
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA.
| | - Austin B Montgomery
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Miguel A Pabon
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Andrey A Shabalin
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Aylin R Rodan
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Adrian Rothenfluh
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA.
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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14
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Terakawa A, Hu Y, Kokaji T, Yugi K, Morita K, Ohno S, Pan Y, Bai Y, Parkhitko AA, Ni X, Asara JM, Bulyk ML, Perrimon N, Kuroda S. Trans-omics analysis of insulin action reveals a cell growth subnetwork which co-regulates anabolic processes. iScience 2022; 25:104231. [PMID: 35494245 PMCID: PMC9044165 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin signaling promotes anabolic metabolism to regulate cell growth through multi-omic interactions. To obtain a comprehensive view of the cellular responses to insulin, we constructed a trans-omic network of insulin action in Drosophila cells that involves the integration of multi-omic data sets. In this network, 14 transcription factors, including Myc, coordinately upregulate the gene expression of anabolic processes such as nucleotide synthesis, transcription, and translation, consistent with decreases in metabolites such as nucleotide triphosphates and proteinogenic amino acids required for transcription and translation. Next, as cell growth is required for cell proliferation and insulin can stimulate proliferation in a context-dependent manner, we integrated the trans-omic network with results from a CRISPR functional screen for cell proliferation. This analysis validates the role of a Myc-mediated subnetwork that coordinates the activation of genes involved in anabolic processes required for cell growth. A trans-omic network of insulin action in Drosophila cells was constructed Insulin co-regulates various anabolic processes in a time-dependent manner The trans-omic network and a CRISPR screen for cell proliferation were integrated A Myc-mediated subnetwork promoting anabolic processes is required for cell growth
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Terakawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Toshiya Kokaji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Yugi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Fujisawa, 252-8520, Japan
| | - Keigo Morita
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohno
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yifei Pan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Yunfan Bai
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Andrey A. Parkhitko
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaochun Ni
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John M. Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02175, USA
| | - Martha L. Bulyk
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Corresponding author
| | - Shinya Kuroda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
- Corresponding author
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15
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Känel P, Noll GA, Schroedter K, Naffin E, Kronenberg J, Busswinkel F, Twyman RM, Klämbt C, Prüfer D. The tobacco phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein NtFT4 increases the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster by interacting with the proteostasis network. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2989-3029. [PMID: 35396341 PMCID: PMC9037272 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Proteostasis reflects the well-balanced synthesis, trafficking and degradation of cellular proteins. This is a fundamental aspect of the dynamic cellular proteome, which integrates multiple signaling pathways, but it becomes increasingly error-prone during aging. Phosphatidylethanolamine-binding proteins (PEBPs) are highly conserved regulators of signaling networks and could therefore affect aging-related processes. To test this hypothesis, we expressed PEPBs in a heterologous context to determine their ectopic activity. We found that heterologous expression of the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) PEBP NtFT4 in Drosophila melanogaster significantly increased the lifespan of adult flies and reduced age-related locomotor decline. Similarly, overexpression of the Drosophila ortholog CG7054 increased longevity, whereas its suppression by RNA interference had the opposite effect. In tobacco, NtFT4 acts as a floral regulator by integrating environmental and intrinsic stimuli to promote the transition to reproductive growth. In Drosophila, NtFT4 engaged distinct targets related to proteostasis, such as HSP26. In older flies, it also prolonged Hsp26 gene expression, which promotes longevity by maintaining protein integrity. In NtFT4-transgenic flies, we identified deregulated genes encoding proteases that may contribute to proteome stability at equilibrium. Our results demonstrate that the expression of NtFT4 influences multiple aspects of the proteome maintenance system via both physical interactions and transcriptional regulation, potentially explaining the aging-related phenotypes we observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Känel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Münster, Germany
| | - Gundula A. Noll
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Schroedter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Münster, Germany
| | - Elke Naffin
- Institute of Neuro- and Behavioral Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julia Kronenberg
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Münster, Germany
| | - Franziska Busswinkel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Christian Klämbt
- Institute of Neuro- and Behavioral Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Prüfer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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16
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OUP accepted manuscript. Brief Funct Genomics 2022; 21:243-269. [DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Jauregui-Lozano J, Hall H, Stanhope SC, Bakhle K, Marlin MM, Weake VM. The Clock:Cycle complex is a major transcriptional regulator of Drosophila photoreceptors that protects the eye from retinal degeneration and oxidative stress. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010021. [PMID: 35100266 PMCID: PMC8830735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging eye experiences physiological changes that include decreased visual function and increased risk of retinal degeneration. Although there are transcriptomic signatures in the aging retina that correlate with these physiological changes, the gene regulatory mechanisms that contribute to cellular homeostasis during aging remain to be determined. Here, we integrated ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data to identify 57 transcription factors that showed differential activity in aging Drosophila photoreceptors. These 57 age-regulated transcription factors include two circadian regulators, Clock and Cycle, that showed sustained increased activity during aging. When we disrupted the Clock:Cycle complex by expressing a dominant negative version of Clock (ClkDN) in adult photoreceptors, we observed changes in expression of 15–20% of genes including key components of the phototransduction machinery and many eye-specific transcription factors. Using ATAC-seq, we showed that expression of ClkDN in photoreceptors leads to changes in activity of 37 transcription factors and causes a progressive decrease in global levels of chromatin accessibility in photoreceptors. Supporting a key role for Clock-dependent transcription in the eye, expression of ClkDN in photoreceptors also induced light-dependent retinal degeneration and increased oxidative stress, independent of light exposure. Together, our data suggests that the circadian regulators Clock and Cycle act as neuroprotective factors in the aging eye by directing gene regulatory networks that maintain expression of the phototransduction machinery and counteract oxidative stress. Age-associated changes to the retinal transcriptome often correlate with physiological changes, such as loss of visual function and increase in cell death. However, the mechanisms that contribute to these transcriptomic changes are poorly understood. Here, we used a genomics/bioinformatics approach to identify transcription factor binding sites with differential activity in aging Drosophila retina outer photoreceptors. Amongst these age-regulated transcription factors, we identify the circadian regulators Clock and Cycle. Using a genetics approach, we find that photoreceptor-specific disruption of the Clock:Cycle complex makes the Drosophila eye susceptible to light-dependent retinal degeneration, and light-independent increase of oxidative stress, showing that a functional circadian clock contributes to visual health and function in Drosophila. Because disruption of circadian rhythms has been associated with the onset of several age-related eye diseases, our data shows that the Drosophila retina serves as a useful model to study how disruption of the circadian clock contributes to neurodegeneration in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jauregui-Lozano
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Hana Hall
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Sarah C. Stanhope
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kimaya Bakhle
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Makayla M. Marlin
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Vikki M. Weake
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Continuous variable responses and signal gating form kinetic bases for pulsatile insulin signaling and emergence of resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2102560118. [PMID: 34615716 PMCID: PMC8522282 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102560118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily conserved insulin signaling is central to nutrient sensing, storage, and utilization across tissues. Dysfunctional insulin signaling is associated with metabolic disorders, cancer, and aging. Hence, the pathway components have emerged as key targets for pharmacological interventions in addition to insulin administration itself. Despite this, activation–inactivation dynamics of individual components, which exert regulatory control in a physiological context, is poorly understood. Now, with our systems-based approach, we reveal kinetic parameters, which define the flow of information through both metabolic and growth-factor arms and thus determine signaling architecture. We also provide a kinetic basis for 1) the advantage of pulsatile-fasted insulin signaling that enables fed-insulin response and 2) the detrimental impact of repeat fed-insulin inputs that causes resistance. Understanding kinetic control of biological processes is as important as identifying components that constitute pathways. Insulin signaling is central for almost all metazoans, and its perturbations are associated with various developmental disorders, metabolic diseases, and aging. While temporal phosphorylation changes and kinetic constants have provided some insights, constant or variable parameters that establish and maintain signal topology are poorly understood. Here, we report kinetic parameters that encode insulin concentration and nutrient-dependent flow of information using iterative experimental and mathematical simulation-based approaches. Our results illustrate how dynamics of distinct phosphorylation events collectively contribute to selective kinetic gating of signals and maximum connectivity of the signaling cascade under normo-insulinemic but not hyper-insulinemic states. In addition to identifying parameters that provide predictive value for maintaining the balance between metabolic and growth-factor arms, we posit a kinetic basis for the emergence of insulin resistance. Given that pulsatile insulin secretion during a fasted state precedes a fed response, our findings reveal rewiring of insulin signaling akin to memory and anticipation, which was hitherto unknown. Striking disparate temporal behavior of key phosphorylation events that destroy the topology under hyper-insulinemic states underscores the importance of unraveling regulatory components that act as bandwidth filters. In conclusion, besides providing fundamental insights, our study will help in identifying therapeutic strategies that conserve coupling between metabolic and growth-factor arms, which is lost in diseases and conditions of hyper-insulinemia.
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19
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Ostalé CM, Esteban N, López-Varea A, de Celis JF. Functional requirements of protein kinases and phosphatases in the development of the Drosophila melanogaster wing. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 11:6380433. [PMID: 34599799 PMCID: PMC8664455 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinases and phosphatases constitute a large family of conserved enzymes that control a variety of biological processes by regulating the phosphorylation state of target proteins. They play fundamental regulatory roles during cell cycle progression and signaling, among other key aspects of multicellular development. The complement of protein kinases and phosphatases includes approximately 326 members in Drosophila, and they have been the subject of several functional screens searching for novel components of signaling pathways and regulators of cell division and survival. These approaches have been carried out mostly in cell cultures using RNA interference to evaluate the contribution of each protein in different functional assays, and have contributed significantly to assign specific roles to the corresponding genes. In this work we describe the results of an evaluation of the Drosophila complement of kinases and phosphatases using the wing as a system to identify their functional requirements in vivo. We also describe the results of several modifying screens aiming to identify among the set of protein kinases and phosphatases additional components or regulators of the activities of the Epidermal Growth Factor and Insulin receptors signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Ostalé
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Nuria Esteban
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Ana López-Varea
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jose F de Celis
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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20
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López-Varea A, Ostalé CM, Vega-Cuesta P, Ruiz-Gómez A, Organista MF, Martín M, Hevia CF, Molnar C, de Celis J, Culi J, Esteban N, de Celis JF. Genome-wide Phenotypic RNAi Screen in the Drosophila Wing: Global Parameters. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 11:6380435. [PMID: 34599819 PMCID: PMC8962446 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have screened a collection of UAS-RNAi lines targeting 10,920 Drosophila protein-coding genes for phenotypes in the adult wing. We identified 3653 genes (33%) whose knockdown causes either larval/pupal lethality or a mutant phenotype affecting the formation of a normal wing. The most frequent phenotypes consist of changes in wing size, vein differentiation, and patterning, defects in the wing margin and in the apposition of the dorsal and ventral wing surfaces. We also defined 16 functional categories encompassing the most relevant aspect of each protein function and assigned each Drosophila gene to one of these functional groups. This allowed us to identify which mutant phenotypes are enriched within each functional group. Finally, we used previously published gene expression datasets to determine which genes are or are not expressed in the wing disc. Integrating expression, phenotypic and molecular information offers considerable precision to identify the relevant genes affecting wing formation and the biological processes regulated by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-Varea
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Cristina M Ostalé
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Patricia Vega-Cuesta
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Ana Ruiz-Gómez
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - María F Organista
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Mercedes Martín
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Covadonga F Hevia
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Cristina Molnar
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jesús de Celis
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Joaquim Culi
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Nuria Esteban
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jose F de Celis
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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21
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Zhu YX, Hu HQ, Zuo ML, Mao L, Song GL, Li TM, Dong LC, Yang ZB, Ali Sheikh MS. Effect of oxymatrine on liver gluconeogenesis is associated with the regulation of PEPCK and G6Pase expression and AKT phosphorylation. Biomed Rep 2021; 15:56. [PMID: 34007449 PMCID: PMC8120346 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in liver gluconeogenesis is an important pathological phenomenon in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and oxymatrine is an effective natural drug used for T2DM treatment. The present study aimed to explore the effect of oxymatrine on gluconeogenesis and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin for 4 weeks to induce T2DM, and HepG2 cells were treated with 55 mM glucose to simulate T2DM in vitro. T2DM rats were treated with oxymatrine (10 or 20 mg/kg weight) or metformin for 4 weeks, and HepG2 cells were treated with oxymatrine (0.1 or 1 µM), metformin (0.1 µM), or oxymatrine combined with MK-2206 (AKT inhibitor) for 24 h. Fasting blood glucose and insulin sensitivity of rats were measured to evaluate insulin resistance. Glucose production and uptake ability were measured to evaluate gluconeogenesis in HepG2 cells, and the expression of related genes was detected to explore the molecular mechanism. Additionally, the body weight, liver weight and liver index were measured and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to evaluate the effects of the disease. The fasting glucose levels of T2DM rats was 16.5 mmol/l, whereas in the control rats, it was 6.1 mmol/l. Decreased insulin sensitivity (K-value, 0.2), body weight loss (weight, 300 g), liver weight gain, liver index increase (value, 48) and morphological changes were observed in T2DM rats, accompanied by reduced AKT phosphorylation, and upregulated expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase). High-glucose treatment significantly increased glucose production and decreased glucose uptake in HepG2 cells, concomitant with a decrease in AKT phosphorylation and increase of PEPCK and G6Pase expression. In vivo, oxymatrine dose-dependently increased the sensitivity of T2DM rats to insulin, increased AKT phosphorylation and decreased PEPCK and G6Pase expression in the liver, and reversed the liver morphological changes. In vitro, oxymatrine dose-dependently increased AKT phosphorylation and glucose uptake of HepG2 cells subjected to high-glucose treatment, which was accompanied by inhibition of the expression of the gluconeogenesis-related genes, PEPCK and G6Pase. MK-2206 significantly inhibited the protective effects of oxymatrine in high-glucose-treated cells. These data indicated that oxymatrine can effectively prevent insulin resistance and gluconeogenesis, and its mechanism may be at least partly associated with the regulation of PEPCK and G6Pase expression and AKT phosphorylation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xian Zhu
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China.,College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Qing Hu
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Zuo
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Li Mao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan 410600, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Lin Song
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China.,Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Tao-Ming Li
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Li-Chen Dong
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Bao Yang
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China.,Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Md Sayed Ali Sheikh
- Internal Medicine Department, Cardiology, College of Medicine, Al Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72388, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Tang HW, Weng JH, Lee WX, Hu Y, Gu L, Cho S, Lee G, Binari R, Li C, Cheng ME, Kim AR, Xu J, Shen Z, Xu C, Asara JM, Blenis J, Perrimon N. mTORC1-chaperonin CCT signaling regulates m 6A RNA methylation to suppress autophagy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2021945118. [PMID: 33649236 PMCID: PMC7958400 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2021945118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) is a central regulator of cell growth and metabolism that senses and integrates nutritional and environmental cues with cellular responses. Recent studies have revealed critical roles of mTORC1 in RNA biogenesis and processing. Here, we find that the m6A methyltransferase complex (MTC) is a downstream effector of mTORC1 during autophagy in Drosophila and human cells. Furthermore, we show that the Chaperonin Containing Tailless complex polypeptide 1 (CCT) complex, which facilitates protein folding, acts as a link between mTORC1 and MTC. The mTORC1 activates the chaperonin CCT complex to stabilize MTC, thereby increasing m6A levels on the messenger RNAs encoding autophagy-related genes, leading to their degradation and suppression of autophagy. Altogether, our study reveals an evolutionarily conserved mechanism linking mTORC1 signaling with m6A RNA methylation and demonstrates their roles in suppressing autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wen Tang
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore;
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jui-Hsia Weng
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Wen Xing Lee
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Lei Gu
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Epigenetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Sungyun Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Gina Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Richard Binari
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Cathleen Li
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Min En Cheng
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Ah-Ram Kim
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Zhangfei Shen
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Epigenetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Chiwei Xu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - John Blenis
- Department of Pharmacology, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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23
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Hu Y, Comjean A, Rodiger J, Liu Y, Gao Y, Chung V, Zirin J, Perrimon N, Mohr SE. FlyRNAi.org-the database of the Drosophila RNAi screening center and transgenic RNAi project: 2021 update. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:D908-D915. [PMID: 33104800 PMCID: PMC7778949 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The FlyRNAi database at the Drosophila RNAi Screening Center and Transgenic RNAi Project (DRSC/TRiP) provides a suite of online resources that facilitate functional genomics studies with a special emphasis on Drosophila melanogaster. Currently, the database provides: gene-centric resources that facilitate ortholog mapping and mining of information about orthologs in common genetic model species; reagent-centric resources that help researchers identify RNAi and CRISPR sgRNA reagents or designs; and data-centric resources that facilitate visualization and mining of transcriptomics data, protein modification data, protein interactions, and more. Here, we discuss updated and new features that help biological and biomedical researchers efficiently identify, visualize, analyze, and integrate information and data for Drosophila and other species. Together, these resources facilitate multiple steps in functional genomics workflows, from building gene and reagent lists to management, analysis, and integration of data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Hu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aram Comjean
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan Rodiger
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yifang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Verena Chung
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan Zirin
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephanie E Mohr
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Drosophila RNAi Screening Center, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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24
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How insects protect themselves against combined starvation and pathogen challenges, and the implications for reductionism. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 255:110564. [PMID: 33508422 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An explosion of data has provided detailed information about organisms at the molecular level. For some traits, this information can accurately predict phenotype. However, knowledge of the underlying molecular networks often cannot be used to accurately predict higher order phenomena, such as the response to multiple stressors. This failure raises the question of whether methodological reductionism is sufficient to uncover predictable connections between molecules and phenotype. This question is explored in this paper by examining whether our understanding of the molecular responses to food limitation and pathogens in insects can be used to predict their combined effects. The molecular pathways underlying the response to starvation and pathogen attack in insects demonstrates the complexity of real-world physiological networks. Although known intracellular signaling pathways suggest that food restriction should enhance immune function, a reduction in food availability leads to an increase in some immune components, a decrease in others, and a complex effect on disease resistance in insects such as the caterpillar Manduca sexta. However, our inability to predict the effects of food restriction on disease resistance is likely due to our incomplete knowledge of the intra- and extracellular signaling pathways mediating the response to single or multiple stressors. Moving from molecules to organisms will require novel quantitative, integrative and experimental approaches (e.g. single cell RNAseq). Physiological networks are non-linear, dynamic, highly interconnected and replete with alternative pathways. However, that does not make them impossible to predict, given the appropriate experimental and analytical tools. Such tools are still under development. Therefore, given that molecular data sets are incomplete and analytical tools are still under development, it is premature to conclude that methodological reductionism cannot be used to predict phenotype.
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25
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Velo Escarcena L, Neufeld M, Rietschel M, Spanagel R, Scholz H. ERR and dPECR Suggest a Link Between Neuroprotection and the Regulation of Ethanol Consumption Preference. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:655816. [PMID: 33981260 PMCID: PMC8107284 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.655816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconsumption of ethanol after withdrawal is a hallmark for relapse in recovering patients with alcohol use disorders. We show that the preference of Drosophila melanogaster to reconsume ethanol after abstinence shares mechanistic similarities to human behavior by feeding the antirelapse drug acamprosate to flies and reducing the ethanol consumption preference. The Drosophila cellular stress mutant hangover also reduced ethanol consumption preference. Together with the observation that an increasing number of candidate genes identified in a genome-wide association study on alcohol use disorders are involved in the regulation of cellular stress, the results suggest that cellular stress mechanisms might regulate the level of ethanol reconsumption after abstinence. To address this, we analyzed mutants of candidate genes involved in the regulation of cellular stress for their ethanol consumption level after abstinence and cellular stress response to free radicals. Since hangover encodes a nuclear RNA-binding protein that regulates transcript levels, we analyzed the interactions of candidate genes on transcript and protein level. The behavioral analysis of the mutants, the analysis of transcript levels, and protein interactions suggested that at least two mechanisms regulate ethanol consumption preference after abstinence-a nuclear estrogen-related receptor-hangover-dependent complex and peroxisomal trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (dPECR)-dependent component in peroxisomes. The loss of estrogen-like receptor and dPECR in neurons share a protective function against oxidative stress, suggesting that the neuroprotective function of genes might be a predictor for genes involved in the regulation of ethanol reconsumption after abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rainer Spanagel
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, CIMH, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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26
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Nakamura M, Verboon JM, Allen TE, Abreu-Blanco MT, Liu R, Dominguez ANM, Delrow JJ, Parkhurst SM. Autocrine insulin pathway signaling regulates actin dynamics in cell wound repair. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009186. [PMID: 33306674 PMCID: PMC7758051 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells are exposed to frequent mechanical and/or chemical stressors that can compromise the integrity of the plasma membrane and underlying cortical cytoskeleton. The molecular mechanisms driving the immediate repair response launched to restore the cell cortex and circumvent cell death are largely unknown. Using microarrays and drug-inhibition studies to assess gene expression, we find that initiation of cell wound repair in the Drosophila model is dependent on translation, whereas transcription is required for subsequent steps. We identified 253 genes whose expression is up-regulated (80) or down-regulated (173) in response to laser wounding. A subset of these genes were validated using RNAi knockdowns and exhibit aberrant actomyosin ring assembly and/or actin remodeling defects. Strikingly, we find that the canonical insulin signaling pathway controls actin dynamics through the actin regulators Girdin and Chickadee (profilin), and its disruption leads to abnormal wound repair. Our results provide new insight for understanding how cell wound repair proceeds in healthy individuals and those with diseases involving wound healing deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutoshi Nakamura
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey M. Verboon
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Tessa E. Allen
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Maria Teresa Abreu-Blanco
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Raymond Liu
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Andrew N. M. Dominguez
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J. Delrow
- Genomics Shared Resource, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Susan M. Parkhurst
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
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27
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Meyer-Nava S, Nieto-Caballero VE, Zurita M, Valadez-Graham V. Insights into HP1a-Chromatin Interactions. Cells 2020; 9:E1866. [PMID: 32784937 PMCID: PMC7465937 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the packaging of DNA into chromatin has become a crucial aspect in the study of gene regulatory mechanisms. Heterochromatin establishment and maintenance dynamics have emerged as some of the main features involved in genome stability, cellular development, and diseases. The most extensively studied heterochromatin protein is HP1a. This protein has two main domains, namely the chromoshadow and the chromodomain, separated by a hinge region. Over the years, several works have taken on the task of identifying HP1a partners using different strategies. In this review, we focus on describing these interactions and the possible complexes and subcomplexes associated with this critical protein. Characterization of these complexes will help us to clearly understand the implications of the interactions of HP1a in heterochromatin maintenance, heterochromatin dynamics, and heterochromatin's direct relationship to gene regulation and chromatin organization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Viviana Valadez-Graham
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca Morelos 62210, Mexico; (S.M.-N.); (V.E.N.-C.); (M.Z.)
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28
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Systematic Screen for Drosophila Transcriptional Regulators Phosphorylated in Response to Insulin/mTOR Pathway. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:2843-2849. [PMID: 32554565 PMCID: PMC7407460 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) is a conserved mechanism to regulate animal physiology in response to nutrition. IIS activity controls gene expression, but only a subset of transcriptional regulators (TRs) targeted by the IIS pathway is currently known. Here we report the results of an unbiased screen for Drosophila TRs phosphorylated in an IIS-dependent manner. To conduct the screen, we built a library of 857 V5/Strep-tagged TRs under the control of Copper-inducible metallothionein promoter (pMt). The insulin-induced phosphorylation changes were detected by using Phos-tag SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Eight proteins were found to display increased phosphorylation after acute insulin treatment. In each case, the insulin-induced phosphorylation was abrogated by mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin. The hits included two components of the NURF complex (NURF38 and NURF55), bHLHZip transcription factor Max, as well as the Drosophila ortholog of human proliferation-associated 2G4 (dPA2G4). Subsequent experiments revealed that the expression of the dPA2G4 gene was promoted by the mTOR pathway, likely through transcription factor Myc. Furthermore, NURF38 was found to be necessary for growth in larvae, consistent with the role of IIS/mTOR pathway in growth control.
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Bajpai A, Quazi TA, Tang HW, Manzar N, Singh V, Thakur A, Ateeq B, Perrimon N, Sinha P. A Drosophila model of oral peptide therapeutics for adult intestinal stem cell tumors. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:dmm044420. [PMID: 32540914 PMCID: PMC7390633 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.044420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide therapeutics, unlike small-molecule drugs, display crucial advantages of target specificity and the ability to block large interacting interfaces, such as those of transcription factors. The transcription co-factor of the Hippo pathway, YAP/Yorkie (Yki), has been implicated in many cancers, and is dependent on its interaction with the DNA-binding TEAD/Sd proteins via a large Ω-loop. In addition, the mammalian vestigial-like (VGLL) proteins, specifically their TONDU domain, competitively inhibit YAP-TEAD interaction, resulting in arrest of tumor growth. Here, we show that overexpression of the TONDU peptide or its oral uptake leads to suppression of Yki-driven intestinal stem cell tumors in the adult Drosophila midgut. In addition, comparative proteomic analyses of peptide-treated and untreated tumors, together with chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis, reveal that integrin pathway members are part of the Yki-oncogenic network. Collectively, our findings establish Drosophila as a reliable in vivo platform to screen for cancer oral therapeutic peptides and reveal a tumor suppressive role for integrins in Yki-driven tumors.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Bajpai
- Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Taushif Ahmad Quazi
- Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Hong-Wen Tang
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nishat Manzar
- Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Virender Singh
- Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ashwani Thakur
- Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Bushra Ateeq
- Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pradip Sinha
- Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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Pham TLA, Binh TD, Liu G, Nguyen TQC, Nguyen YDH, Sahashi R, Men TT, Kamei K. Role of Serotonin Transporter in Eye Development of Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114086. [PMID: 32521639 PMCID: PMC7312876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin transporter (SerT) in the brain is an important neurotransmitter transporter involved in mental health. However, its role in peripheral organs is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the function of SerT in the development of the compound eye in Drosophila melanogaster. We found that SerT knockdown led to excessive cell death and an increased number of cells in S-phase in the posterior eye imaginal disc. Furthermore, the knockdown of SerT in the eye disc suppressed the activation of Akt, and the introduction of PI3K effectively rescued this phenotype. These results suggested that SerT plays a role in the healthy eye development of D.melanogaster by controlling cell death through the regulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan L. A. Pham
- Department of Functional Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (T.L.A.P.); (T.D.B.); (G.L.); (T.Q.C.N.); (Y.D.H.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Tran Duy Binh
- Department of Functional Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (T.L.A.P.); (T.D.B.); (G.L.); (T.Q.C.N.); (Y.D.H.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Guanchen Liu
- Department of Functional Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (T.L.A.P.); (T.D.B.); (G.L.); (T.Q.C.N.); (Y.D.H.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Thanh Q. C. Nguyen
- Department of Functional Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (T.L.A.P.); (T.D.B.); (G.L.); (T.Q.C.N.); (Y.D.H.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Yen D. H. Nguyen
- Department of Functional Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (T.L.A.P.); (T.D.B.); (G.L.); (T.Q.C.N.); (Y.D.H.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Ritsuko Sahashi
- Department of Functional Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (T.L.A.P.); (T.D.B.); (G.L.); (T.Q.C.N.); (Y.D.H.N.); (R.S.)
| | - Tran Thanh Men
- Department of Biology, Cantho University, Cantho 900000, Vietnam;
| | - Kaeko Kamei
- Department of Functional Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (T.L.A.P.); (T.D.B.); (G.L.); (T.Q.C.N.); (Y.D.H.N.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Xu D, Wang Z, Xia Y, Shao F, Xia W, Wei Y, Li X, Qian X, Lee JH, Du L, Zheng Y, Lv G, Leu JS, Wang H, Xing D, Liang T, Hung MC, Lu Z. The gluconeogenic enzyme PCK1 phosphorylates INSIG1/2 for lipogenesis. Nature 2020; 580:530-535. [PMID: 32322062 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells increase lipogenesis for their proliferation and the activation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) has a central role in this process. SREBPs are inhibited by a complex composed of INSIG proteins, SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) and sterols in the endoplasmic reticulum. Regulation of the interaction between INSIG proteins and SCAP by sterol levels is critical for the dissociation of the SCAP-SREBP complex from the endoplasmic reticulum and the activation of SREBPs1,2. However, whether this protein interaction is regulated by a mechanism other than the abundance of sterol-and in particular, whether oncogenic signalling has a role-is unclear. Here we show that activated AKT in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells phosphorylates cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), the rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis, at Ser90. Phosphorylated PCK1 translocates to the endoplasmic reticulum, where it uses GTP as a phosphate donor to phosphorylate INSIG1 at Ser207 and INSIG2 at Ser151. This phosphorylation reduces the binding of sterols to INSIG1 and INSIG2 and disrupts the interaction between INSIG proteins and SCAP, leading to the translocation of the SCAP-SREBP complex to the Golgi apparatus, the activation of SREBP proteins (SREBP1 or SREBP2) and the transcription of downstream lipogenesis-related genes, proliferation of tumour cells, and tumorigenesis in mice. In addition, phosphorylation of PCK1 at Ser90, INSIG1 at Ser207 and INSIG2 at Ser151 is not only positively correlated with the nuclear accumulation of SREBP1 in samples from patients with HCC, but also associated with poor HCC prognosis. Our findings highlight the importance of the protein kinase activity of PCK1 in the activation of SREBPs, lipogenesis and the development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease of The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Zheng Wang
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fei Shao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiya Xia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yongkun Wei
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinjian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jong-Ho Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Linyong Du
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Zheng
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guishuai Lv
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Shiun Leu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hongyang Wang
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease of The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, and Office of the President, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Zhimin Lu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease of The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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32
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Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Development: Insights from Drosophila. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010188. [PMID: 31888080 PMCID: PMC6982143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication mediates a plethora of cellular decisions and behaviors that are crucial for the correct and robust development of multicellular organisms. Many of these signals are encoded in secreted hormones or growth factors that bind to and activate cell surface receptors, to transmit the cue intracellularly. One of the major superfamilies of cell surface receptors are the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). For nearly half a century RTKs have been the focus of intensive study due to their ability to alter fundamental aspects of cell biology, such as cell proliferation, growth, and shape, and because of their central importance in diseases such as cancer. Studies in model organisms such a Drosophila melanogaster have proved invaluable for identifying new conserved RTK pathway components, delineating their contributions, and for the discovery of conserved mechanisms that control RTK-signaling events. Here we provide a brief overview of the RTK superfamily and the general mechanisms used in their regulation. We further highlight the functions of several RTKs that govern distinct cell-fate decisions in Drosophila and explore how their activities are developmentally controlled.
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Hoedjes KM, van den Heuvel J, Kapun M, Keller L, Flatt T, Zwaan BJ. Distinct genomic signals of lifespan and life history evolution in response to postponed reproduction and larval diet in Drosophila. Evol Lett 2019; 3:598-609. [PMID: 31867121 PMCID: PMC6906992 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproduction and diet are two major factors controlling the physiology of aging and life history, but how they interact to affect the evolution of longevity is unknown. Moreover, although studies of large-effect mutants suggest an important role of nutrient sensing pathways in regulating aging, the genetic basis of evolutionary changes in lifespan remains poorly understood. To address these questions, we analyzed the genomes of experimentally evolved Drosophila melanogaster populations subjected to a factorial combination of two selection regimes: reproductive age (early versus postponed), and diet during the larval stage ("low," "control," "high"), resulting in six treatment combinations with four replicate populations each. Selection on reproductive age consistently affected lifespan, with flies from the postponed reproduction regime having evolved a longer lifespan. In contrast, larval diet affected lifespan only in early-reproducing populations: flies adapted to the "low" diet lived longer than those adapted to control diet. Here, we find genomic evidence for strong independent evolutionary responses to either selection regime, as well as loci that diverged in response to both regimes, thus representing genomic interactions between the two. Overall, we find that the genomic basis of longevity is largely independent of dietary adaptation. Differentiated loci were not enriched for "canonical" longevity genes, suggesting that naturally occurring genic targets of selection for longevity differ qualitatively from variants found in mutant screens. Comparing our candidate loci to those from other "evolve and resequence" studies of longevity demonstrated significant overlap among independent experiments. This suggests that the evolution of longevity, despite its presumed complex and polygenic nature, might be to some extent convergent and predictable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja M. Hoedjes
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Joost van den Heuvel
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
- Institute for Cell and Molecular BiosciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneUnited Kingdom
| | - Martin Kapun
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
- Current Address: Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Laurent Keller
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Thomas Flatt
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Bas J. Zwaan
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
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Lattner J, Leng W, Knust E, Brankatschk M, Flores-Benitez D. Crumbs organizes the transport machinery by regulating apical levels of PI(4,5)P 2 in Drosophila. eLife 2019; 8:e50900. [PMID: 31697234 PMCID: PMC6881148 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient vectorial intracellular transport machinery depends on a well-established apico-basal polarity and is a prerequisite for the function of secretory epithelia. Despite extensive knowledge on individual trafficking pathways, little is known about the mechanisms coordinating their temporal and spatial regulation. Here, we report that the polarity protein Crumbs is essential for apical plasma membrane phospholipid-homeostasis and efficient apical secretion. Through recruiting βHeavy-Spectrin and MyosinV to the apical membrane, Crumbs maintains the Rab6-, Rab11- and Rab30-dependent trafficking and regulates the lipid phosphatases Pten and Ocrl. Crumbs knock-down results in increased apical levels of PI(4,5)P2 and formation of a novel, Moesin- and PI(4,5)P2-enriched apical membrane sac containing microvilli-like structures. Our results identify Crumbs as an essential hub required to maintain the organization of the apical membrane and the physiological activity of the larval salivary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Lattner
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG)DresdenGermany
| | - Weihua Leng
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG)DresdenGermany
| | - Elisabeth Knust
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG)DresdenGermany
| | - Marko Brankatschk
- The Biotechnological Center of the TU Dresden (BIOTEC)DresdenGermany
| | - David Flores-Benitez
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG)DresdenGermany
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Zhang C, Yang C, Li N, Liu X, He J, Chen X, Ding Y, Tong C, Peng C, Yin H, Wang Y, Gao R. Elevated insulin levels compromise endometrial decidualization in mice with decrease in uterine apoptosis in early-stage pregnancy. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:3601-3615. [PMID: 31642978 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Women with hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance have reduced fertility, but the underlying mechanism is still poorly understood. Aberrant endometrial decidualization in early pregnancy was linked to pregnancy complications. In this study, we aimed to test whether elevated insulin levels compromise decidualization in early-stage pregnancy. C57BL/6J mice in high insulin-exposed group were given a subcutaneous injection of recombinant insulin at a concentration of 0.05 IU daily. During decidualization in early pregnancy, serum levels of insulin, E2, P4, LH, FSH and blood glucose were significantly altered in mice treated with high insulin levels. The number of embryo implantation sites and endometrial decidual markers BMP2, ER, PR was significantly decreased by high insulin levels in vivo. Artificial decidual induction in primary mouse endometrial stromal cells and immortal human endometrial stromal cells line were all compromised after treated with 100 nmol/L insulin levels. All these results on flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting of Bax, Bcl2, cleaved Caspase3, cleaved PARP proteins level showed that decidual cells apoptosis was significantly decreased. Mitochondrial transmembrane potential also significantly increased by the influence of high insulin levels. PI3K and p-Akt were much higher after insulin exposure and the compromised decidualization by high insulin treatment was rescued by PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we demonstrated that elevated insulin levels could compromise mice decidualization in early-stage pregnancy and PI3K/p-Akt-regulated apoptosis was essential for this role. It provides a clue for future investigation on compromised reproduction in women with hyperinsulinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chengshun Yang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Na Li
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junlin He
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chao Tong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chuan Peng
- Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hubin Yin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Rufei Gao
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Li S, Qian Y, Xie R, Li Y, Jia Z, Zhang Z, Huang R, Tuo L, Quan Y, Yu Z, Liu J, Xiang M. Exploring the protective effect of ShengMai-Yin and Ganmaidazao decoction combination against type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by network pharmacology and validation in KKAy mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 242:112029. [PMID: 31216433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE ShengMai-Yin and Ganmaidazao decoction are classic formulas in traditional Chinese medicine. Individually, Shengmai-Yin is used to treat cardiovascular diseases, and Ganmaidazao decoction for therapy of mental disorders. The combination of Shengmai-Yin and Ganmaidazao decoction (SGD) is normally used as adjuvant therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). AIM OF THE STUDY The central aim is to elucidate the pharmacological efficacy of SGD and its mechanism in the treatment of T2DM with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Active ingredients in SGD and their drug targets were identified using network analysis followed by experimental validation. First, existing databases were mined for information relevant to SGD, including pharmacological actions, chemical components, physicochemical characteristics, potential targets, and implicated diseases. Candidate patterns obtained with the network analysis were then tested in a KKAy mouse model of T2DM with NAFLD. Various doses of SGD were administered, followed by measurements of fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance tests, insulin tolerance tests, markers of lipid metabolism - including free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) - liver histology, and expression levels of implicated molecules including PI3K/AKT and PPARα. RESULTS Over 300 potential active compounds with their physicochemical characteristics and 562 candidate targets were collected, and then the network of them was constructed. Follow-up pathway and functional enrichment analyses indicated that SGD influences metabolism-related signaling pathways including PI3K-Akt, AMPK, and PPAR. In validation experiments, treatment of KKAy mice with SGD reduced serum levels of glucose, TC, TG, and FFA, decreased numbers of crown-like structures in visceral adipose tissue, reduced adipocyte size, and lowered liver lipid deposits. Further, SGD improved liver metabolism by increasing the expressions of PPARα, HSL, and PI3K/Akt, and decreasing expressions of SREBP-1 and FASN, inhibiting lipid biosynthesis, and increasing insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSION Experimental validation of network analysis revealed anti-diabetic effects of the plant product SGD, manifested most notably by improved serum profiles and diminished insulin resistance. These experimental results may have clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ying Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Rui Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yangsha Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhao Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zijun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Rongrong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lingling Tuo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yihong Quan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhihong Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ming Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Brown TJ, Kollara A, Shathasivam P, Ringuette MJ. Ventricular Zone Expressed PH Domain Containing 1 (VEPH1): an adaptor protein capable of modulating multiple signaling transduction pathways during normal and pathological development. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:116. [PMID: 31500637 PMCID: PMC6734325 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventricular Zone Expressed PH Domain-Containing 1 (VEPH1) is an 833-amino acid protein encoded by an evolutionarily conserved single-copy gene that emerged with pseudocoelomates. This gene has no paralog in any species identified to date and few studies have investigated the function of its encoded protein. Loss of expression of its ortholog, melted, in Drosophila results in a severe neural phenotype and impacts TOR, FoxO, and Hippo signaling. Studies in mammals indicate a role for VEPH1 in modulating TGFβ signaling and AKT activation, while numerous studies indicate VEPH1 expression is altered in several pathological conditions, including cancer. Although often referred to as an uncharacterized protein, available evidence supports VEPH1 as an adaptor protein capable of modulating multiple signal transduction networks. Further studies are required to define these adaptor functions and the role of VEPH1 in development and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore J Brown
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Box 42, Toronto, ON, M5T 3L9, Canada. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Alexandra Kollara
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Box 42, Toronto, ON, M5T 3L9, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Premalatha Shathasivam
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Box 42, Toronto, ON, M5T 3L9, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maurice J Ringuette
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Vanhaesebroeck B, Bilanges B, Madsen RR, Dale KL, Lau E, Vladimirou E. Perspective: Potential Impact and Therapeutic Implications of Oncogenic PI3K Activation on Chromosomal Instability. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E331. [PMID: 31374965 PMCID: PMC6723836 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic activation of the class I PI3K pathway is very common in cancer. This mostly results from oncogenic mutations in PIK3CA, the gene encoding the ubiquitously expressed PI3Kα catalytic subunit, or from inactivation of the PTEN tumour suppressor, a lipid phosphatase that opposes class I PI3K signalling. The clinical impact of PI3K inhibitors in solid tumours, aimed at dampening cancer-cell-intrinsic PI3K activity, has thus far been limited. Challenges include poor drug tolerance, incomplete pathway inhibition and pre-existing or inhibitor-induced resistance. The principle of pharmacologically targeting cancer-cell-intrinsic PI3K activity also assumes that all cancer-promoting effects of PI3K activation are reversible, which might not be the case. Emerging evidence suggests that genetic PI3K pathway activation can induce and/or allow cells to tolerate chromosomal instability, which-even if occurring in a low fraction of the cell population-might help to facilitate and/or drive tumour evolution. While it is clear that such genomic events cannot be reverted pharmacologically, a role for PI3K in the regulation of chromosomal instability could be exploited by using PI3K pathway inhibitors to prevent those genomic events from happening and/or reduce the pace at which they are occurring, thereby dampening cancer development or progression. Such an impact might be most effective in tumours with clonal PI3K activation and achievable at lower drug doses than the maximum-tolerated doses of PI3K inhibitors currently used in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Vanhaesebroeck
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Benoit Bilanges
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ralitsa R Madsen
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Katie L Dale
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Evelyn Lau
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Elina Vladimirou
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Friesen M, Cowan CA. Adipocyte Metabolism and Insulin Signaling Perturbations: Insights from Genetics. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:396-406. [PMID: 31072658 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a rapidly growing pandemic. It poses an enormous health burden given its comorbidity with obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and other metabolic and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Adipose tissue has been established as a key regulator of whole-body metabolic homeostasis, with interest growing rapidly. Emerging evidence suggests that adipocytes play an important role in these afflictions and contribute to IR. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have begun to illuminate the genetics underlying obesity, T2D, and IR, and this will allow further study into the disease mechanisms of the genes implicated in these metabolic diseases. Progress towards understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying diseased adipocytes will be discussed here, with an eye towards the future in developing novel therapeutics to combat metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Friesen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Chad A Cowan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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40
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Gao X, Fu Y, Ajayi OE, Guo D, Zhang L, Wu Q. Identification of genes underlying phenotypic plasticity of wing size via insulin signaling pathway by network-based analysis in Sogatella furcifera. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:396. [PMID: 31113376 PMCID: PMC6528338 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phenotypic plasticity is a common and highly adaptive phenomenon where the same genotype produces different phenotypes in response to environmental cues. Sogatella furcifera, a migratory pest of rice exhibits wing dimorphism, is a model insect for studying phenotypic plasticity of wing size. The Insullin-PI3K-Akt-FOXO signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the manipulation of wing size in the migratory insects. However, the regulatory mechanism via the pathway involved in wing dimorphism are still unexplored. Results Accompanied by special alternative splicing, genes involved in muscle contraction and energy metabolism were highly expressed in the wing hinges of macropters, demonstrating their adaptation for energy-demanding long-distance flights. Based on FOXO ChIP-Seq analysis, a total of 1259 putative target genes were observed in the wing hinges, including wing morph development, flight muscle and energy metabolism genes. An integrated gene interaction network was built by combining four heterogeneous datasets, and the IIS-PI3K-Akt-FOXO pathway was clustered in a divided functional module. In total, 45 genes in the module directly interacting with the IIS-PI3K-Akt-FOXO pathway showed differential expression levels between the two wing hinges, thus are regarded as potential Insulin pathway mediated wing dimorphism related genes (IWDRGs). Of the 45 IWDRGs, 5 were selected for verification by gene knockdown experiments, and played significant roles in the insect wing size regulation. Conclusions We provided valuable insights on the genetic basis of wing dimorphism, and also demonstrated that network analysis is a powerful approach to identify new genes regulating wing dimorphic development via insulin signaling pathway in the migratory insect. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5793-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yating Fu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Olugbenga Emmanuel Ajayi
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Dongyang Guo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Liqin Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Qingfa Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
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41
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Zuo ML, Wang AP, Tian Y, Mao L, Song GL, Yang ZB. Oxymatrine ameliorates insulin resistance in rats with type 2 diabetes by regulating the expression of KSRP, PETN, and AKT in the liver. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16185-16194. [PMID: 31087709 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance plays a key role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recent studies found that insulin resistance was associated with the dysfunction of KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) expression and AKT pathway, and that oxymatrine possesses an antidiabetic effect. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the protection of oxymatrine against T2DM was associated with the modulation of the KSRP expression and AKT pathway. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet and injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally to induce T2DM, which led to an increase in blood glucose levels and insulin resistance, and a decrease in insulin sensitivity and glycogen synthesis concomitant with KSRP downregulation, PTEN upregulation, and AKT phosphorylation deficiency. The administration of oxymatrine decreased blood glucose levels and insulin resistance, increased insulin sensitivity, and improved glycogen synthesis in the liver of T2DM rats, through a reversal in the expression of KSRP, PTEN, and AKT. On the basis of these observations, we concluded that oxymatrine can protect T2DM rats from insulin resistance through the regulation of the KSRP, PETN, and AKT expression in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Zuo
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ai-Ping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Research, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Institute of Clinical Research, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Li Mao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gui-Lin Song
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Zhong-Bao Yang
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Changsha, Changsha, China
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42
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Kim AR, Choi KW. TRiC/CCT chaperonins are essential for organ growth by interacting with insulin/TOR signaling in Drosophila. Oncogene 2019; 38:4739-4754. [PMID: 30792539 PMCID: PMC6756063 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0754-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organ size is regulated by intercellular signaling for cell growth and proliferation. The TOR pathway mediates a key signaling mechanism for controlling cell size and number in organ growth. Chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) is a complex that assists protein folding and function, but its role in animal development is largely unknown. Here we show that the CCT complex is required for organ growth by interacting with the TOR pathway in Drosophila. Reduction of CCT4 results in growth defects by affecting both cell size and proliferation. Loss of CCT4 causes preferential cell death anterior to the morphogenetic furrow in the eye disc and within wing pouch in the wing disc. Depletion of any CCT subunit in the eye disc results in headless phenotype. Overgrowth by active TOR signaling is suppressed by CCT RNAi. The CCT complex physically interacts with TOR signaling components including TOR, Rheb, and S6K. Loss of CCT leads to decreased phosphorylation of S6K and S6 while increasing phosphorylation of Akt. Insulin/TOR signaling is also necessary and sufficient for promoting CCT complex transcription. Our data provide evidence that the CCT complex regulates organ growth by directly interacting with the TOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Ram Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kwang-Wook Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
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43
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Brodskiy PA, Wu Q, Soundarrajan DK, Huizar FJ, Chen J, Liang P, Narciso C, Levis MK, Arredondo-Walsh N, Chen DZ, Zartman JJ. Decoding Calcium Signaling Dynamics during Drosophila Wing Disc Development. Biophys J 2019; 116:725-740. [PMID: 30704858 PMCID: PMC6382932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The robust specification of organ development depends on coordinated cell-cell communication. This process requires signal integration among multiple pathways, relying on second messengers such as calcium ions. Calcium signaling encodes a significant portion of the cellular state by regulating transcription factors, enzymes, and cytoskeletal proteins. However, the relationships between the inputs specifying cell and organ development, calcium signaling dynamics, and final organ morphology are poorly understood. Here, we have designed a quantitative image-analysis pipeline for decoding organ-level calcium signaling. With this pipeline, we extracted spatiotemporal features of calcium signaling dynamics during the development of the Drosophila larval wing disc, a genetic model for organogenesis. We identified specific classes of wing phenotypes that resulted from calcium signaling pathway perturbations, including defects in gross morphology, vein differentiation, and overall size. We found four qualitative classes of calcium signaling activity. These classes can be ordered based on agonist stimulation strength Gαq-mediated signaling. In vivo calcium signaling dynamics depend on both receptor tyrosine kinase/phospholipase C γ and G protein-coupled receptor/phospholipase C β activities. We found that spatially patterned calcium dynamics correlate with known differential growth rates between anterior and posterior compartments. Integrated calcium signaling activity decreases with increasing tissue size, and it responds to morphogenetic perturbations that impact organ growth. Together, these findings define how calcium signaling dynamics integrate upstream inputs to mediate multiple response outputs in developing epithelial organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A Brodskiy
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Qinfeng Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Dharsan K Soundarrajan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Francisco J Huizar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Jianxu Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Peixian Liang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Cody Narciso
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Megan K Levis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | | | - Danny Z Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Jeremiah J Zartman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana.
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44
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Monroy Kuhn JM, Meusemann K, Korb J. Long live the queen, the king and the commoner? Transcript expression differences between old and young in the termite Cryptotermes secundus. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210371. [PMID: 30759161 PMCID: PMC6373952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Social insects provide promising new avenues for aging research. Within a colony, individuals that share the same genetic background can differ in lifespan by up to two orders of magnitude. Reproducing queens (and in termites also kings) can live for more than 20 years, extraordinary lifespans for insects. We studied aging in a termite species, Cryptotermes secundus, which lives in less socially complex societies with a few hundred colony members. Reproductives develop from workers which are totipotent immatures. Comparing transcriptomes of young and old individuals, we found evidence for aging in reproductives that was especially associated with DNA and protein damage and the activity of transposable elements. By contrast, workers seemed to be better protected against aging. Thus our results differed from those obtained for social insects that live in more complex societies. Yet, they are in agreement with lifespan estimates for the study species. Our data are also in line with expectations from evolutionary theory. For individuals that are able to reproduce, it predicts that aging should only start after reaching maturity. As C. secundus workers are immatures with full reproductive options we expect them to invest into anti-aging processes. Our study illustrates that the degree of aging can differ between social insects and that it may be associated with caste-specific opportunities for reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Monroy Kuhn
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (JMMK); (JK)
| | - Karen Meusemann
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Judith Korb
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (JMMK); (JK)
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Kawata K, Yugi K, Hatano A, Kokaji T, Tomizawa Y, Fujii M, Uda S, Kubota H, Matsumoto M, Nakayama KI, Kuroda S. Reconstruction of global regulatory network from signaling to cellular functions using phosphoproteomic data. Genes Cells 2018; 24:82-93. [PMID: 30417516 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellular signaling regulates various cellular functions via protein phosphorylation. Phosphoproteomic data potentially include information for a global regulatory network from signaling to cellular functions, but a procedure to reconstruct this network using such data has yet to be established. In this paper, we provide a procedure to reconstruct a global regulatory network from signaling to cellular functions from phosphoproteomic data by integrating prior knowledge of cellular functions and inference of the kinase-substrate relationships (KSRs). We used phosphoproteomic data from insulin-stimulated Fao hepatoma cells and identified protein phosphorylation regulated by insulin specifically over-represented in cellular functions in the KEGG database. We inferred kinases for protein phosphorylation by KSRs, and connected the kinases in the insulin signaling layer to the phosphorylated proteins in the cellular functions, revealing that the insulin signal is selectively transmitted via the Pi3k-Akt and Erk signaling pathways to cellular adhesions and RNA maturation, respectively. Thus, we provide a method to reconstruct global regulatory network from signaling to cellular functions based on phosphoproteomic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kawata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Yugi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.,YCI Laboratory for Trans-Omics, Young Chief Investigator Program, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, Yokohama, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hatano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Toshiya Kokaji
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yoko Tomizawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujii
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.,Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uda
- Division of Integrated Omics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kubota
- Division of Integrated Omics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinya Kuroda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.,Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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46
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Graze RM, Tzeng RY, Howard TS, Arbeitman MN. Perturbation of IIS/TOR signaling alters the landscape of sex-differential gene expression in Drosophila. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:893. [PMID: 30526477 PMCID: PMC6288939 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5308-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The core functions of the insulin/insulin-like signaling and target of rapamycin (IIS/TOR) pathway are nutrient sensing, energy homeostasis, growth, and regulation of stress responses. This pathway is also known to interact directly and indirectly with the sex determination regulatory hierarchy. The IIS/TOR pathway plays a role in directing sexually dimorphic traits, including dimorphism of growth, metabolism, stress and behavior. Previous studies of sexually dimorphic gene expression in the adult head, which includes both nervous system and endocrine tissues, have revealed variation in sex-differential expression, depending in part on genotype and environment. To understand the degree to which the environmentally responsive insulin signaling pathway contributes to sexual dimorphism of gene expression, we examined the effect of perturbation of the pathway on gene expression in male and female Drosophila heads. Results Our data reveal a large effect of insulin signaling on gene expression, with greater than 50% of genes examined changing expression. Males and females have a shared gene expression response to knock-down of InR function, with significant enrichment for pathways involved in metabolism. Perturbation of insulin signaling has a greater impact on gene expression in males, with more genes changing expression and with gene expression differences of larger magnitude. Primarily as a consequence of the response in males, we find that reduced insulin signaling results in a striking increase in sex-differential expression. This includes sex-differences in expression of immune, defense and stress response genes, genes involved in modulating reproductive behavior, genes linking insulin signaling and ageing, and in the insulin signaling pathway itself. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that perturbation of insulin signaling results in thousands of genes displaying sex differences in expression that are not differentially expressed in control conditions. Thus, insulin signaling may play a role in variability of somatic, sex-differential expression. The finding that perturbation of the IIS/TOR pathway results in an altered landscape of sex-differential expression suggests a role of insulin signaling in the physiological underpinnings of trade-offs, sexual conflict and sex differences in expression variability. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5308-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita M Graze
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Life Sciences building, Auburn, AL, 36849-5407, USA.
| | - Ruei-Ying Tzeng
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Florida State University, College of Medicine, 1115 West Call Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Tiffany S Howard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Life Sciences building, Auburn, AL, 36849-5407, USA
| | - Michelle N Arbeitman
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Florida State University, College of Medicine, 1115 West Call Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
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Javary J, Allain-Courtois N, Saucisse N, Costet P, Heraud C, Benhamed F, Pierre R, Bure C, Pallares-Lupon N, Do Cruzeiro M, Postic C, Cota D, Dubus P, Rosenbaum J, Benhamouche-Trouillet S. Liver Reptin/RUVBL2 controls glucose and lipid metabolism with opposite actions on mTORC1 and mTORC2 signalling. Gut 2018; 67:2192-2203. [PMID: 29074727 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The AAA+ ATPase Reptin is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and preclinical studies indicate that it could be a relevant therapeutic target. However, its physiological and pathophysiological roles in vivo remain unknown. This study aimed to determine the role of Reptin in mammalian adult liver. DESIGN AND RESULTS We generated an inducible liver-specific Reptin knockout (RepinLKO ) mouse model. Following Reptin invalidation, mice displayed decreased body and fat mass, hypoglycaemia and hypolipidaemia. This was associated with decreased hepatic mTOR protein abundance. Further experiments in primary hepatocytes demonstrated that Reptin maintains mTOR protein level through its ATPase activity. Unexpectedly, loss or inhibition of Reptin induced an opposite effect on mTORC1 and mTORC2 signalling, with: (1) strong inhibition of hepatic mTORC1 activity, likely responsible for the reduction of hepatocytes cell size, for decreased de novo lipogenesis and cholesterol transcriptional programmes and (2) enhancement of mTORC2 activity associated with inhibition of the gluconeogenesis transcriptional programme and hepatic glucose production. Consequently, the role of hepatic Reptin in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease consecutive to a high-fat diet was investigated. We found that Reptin deletion completely rescued pathological phenotypes associated with IR, including glucose intolerance, hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSION We show here that the AAA +ATPase Reptin is a regulator of mTOR signalling in the liver and global glucido-lipidic homeostasis. Inhibition of hepatic Reptin expression or activity represents a new therapeutic perspective for metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Javary
- INSERM, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Allain-Courtois
- INSERM, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Saucisse
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, INSERM, Neuro Centre Magendie, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Capucine Heraud
- INSERM, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- INSERM, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Pierre
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Plate-forme de Recombinaison Homologue, Institut Cochin, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Bure
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,UMR , Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nano objets, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nestor Pallares-Lupon
- INSERM, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marcio Do Cruzeiro
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Plate-forme de Recombinaison Homologue, Institut Cochin, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- INSERM, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Daniela Cota
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, INSERM, Neuro Centre Magendie, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Dubus
- INSERM, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean Rosenbaum
- INSERM, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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48
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Solovev I, Dobrovolskaya E, Shaposhnikov M, Sheptyakov M, Moskalev A. Neuron-specific overexpression of core clock genes improves stress-resistance and extends lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster. Exp Gerontol 2018; 117:61-71. [PMID: 30415070 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression is much altered in aging. We observed age-dependent decline of core clock genes' expression in the whole body of the fruit fly. We hypothesized that inducible overexpression of clock genes (cry, per, tim, cyc and Clk) in the nervous system can improve healthspan of D. melanogaster. We studied the lifespan of transgenic Drosophila and showed life extension for cry, per, cyc and tim genes. It was also the significant positive changes in the stress-resistance of flies overexpressing core clock genes in conditions of hyperthermia, hyperoxia, starvation and persistent lighting. The overexpression of per and cry restore circadian rhythms of locomotor activity. The results presented support the hypotheses that the compensation of circadian oscillator genes expression can improve the healthspan in Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Solovev
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology and Gerontology, Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia; Department of Ecology, Syktyvkar State University, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Eugenia Dobrovolskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology and Gerontology, Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology and Gerontology, Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Maksim Sheptyakov
- Laboratory of Genetics of Aging and Longevity, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology and Gerontology, Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia; Department of Ecology, Syktyvkar State University, Syktyvkar, Russia; Laboratory of Genetics of Aging and Longevity, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia; Laboratory of Post-Genomic Research, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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49
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Sheng-Jiang Powder Ameliorates High Fat Diet Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Inhibiting Activation of Akt/mTOR/S6 Pathway in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:6190254. [PMID: 30402130 PMCID: PMC6193319 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6190254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an alarming public health problem that directly contributes to increased prevalence of liver cirrhosis and hepatic cell cancer, but without any specific pharmacological option. Sheng-jiang powder (SJP), an empirical Chinese medicine formula to treat NAFLD, showed great efficacy but the specific mechanisms have never been reported. Therefore, we performed this study to explore the effect of SJP on NAFLD and the potential mechanism. Methods NAFLD was induced by high fat diet (HFD) feeding. Rats were treated with SJP/normal saline daily for 10 weeks and all rats were euthanized after 12 weeks' feeding. Liver tissue samples were obtained for biochemistry test and pathological evaluation. Additionally, oleic acid induced LO2 cells were employed to simulate a cell model of NAFLD. Cells were subjected to western blotting for Akt, mTOR, S6, SREBP1-c, and FASN detection after coincubated with SJP, LY294002 (a selective PI3K inhibitor), or the combination for 24h. Results HFD significantly induced hepatic steatosis. Plenty of lipid droplets were observed under transmission electron microscope. The ultrastructure of liver cells showed distinct changes with obvious endoplasmic reticulum expansion, mitochondrial contraction, and cell matrix solidification. Although no difference was detected in serum hepatic enzymes and tissue proinflammatory cytokines, the tissue level of SOD and GSH-px was much lower and the pathologic injuries were much severe in HFD feeding rats. However, SJP treatment significantly attenuated the ultrastructure changes and protected rat liver against inflammatory injury. Abundant of lipid droplets and high expression of pAkt, pmTOR, pS6, and FASN were observed in oleic acid treated LO2 cells, while these changes were restored by SJP treatment. Conclusions SJP is efficient in attenuating HFD induced NAFLD in rats and this effect might be partly related to the inhibition of Akt/mTOR/S6 pathway.
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50
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Kawata K, Hatano A, Yugi K, Kubota H, Sano T, Fujii M, Tomizawa Y, Kokaji T, Tanaka KY, Uda S, Suzuki Y, Matsumoto M, Nakayama KI, Saitoh K, Kato K, Ueno A, Ohishi M, Hirayama A, Soga T, Kuroda S. Trans-omic Analysis Reveals Selective Responses to Induced and Basal Insulin across Signaling, Transcriptional, and Metabolic Networks. iScience 2018; 7:212-229. [PMID: 30267682 PMCID: PMC6161632 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentrations of insulin selectively regulate multiple cellular functions. To understand how insulin concentrations are interpreted by cells, we constructed a trans-omic network of insulin action in FAO hepatoma cells using transcriptomic data, western blotting analysis of signaling proteins, and metabolomic data. By integrating sensitivity into the trans-omic network, we identified the selective trans-omic networks stimulated by high and low doses of insulin, denoted as induced and basal insulin signals, respectively. The induced insulin signal was selectively transmitted through the pathway involving Erk to an increase in the expression of immediate-early and upregulated genes, whereas the basal insulin signal was selectively transmitted through a pathway involving Akt and an increase of Foxo phosphorylation and a reduction of downregulated gene expression. We validated the selective trans-omic network in vivo by analysis of the insulin-clamped rat liver. This integrated analysis enabled molecular insight into how liver cells interpret physiological insulin signals to regulate cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kawata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hatano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Yugi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; YCI Laboratory for Trans-Omics, Young Chief Investigator Program, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-8520, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kubota
- Division of Integrated Omics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takanori Sano
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujii
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoko Tomizawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshiya Kokaji
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Kaori Y Tanaka
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uda
- Division of Integrated Omics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Masaki Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kaori Saitoh
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Keiko Kato
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Ayano Ueno
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Maki Ohishi
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Shinya Kuroda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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