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Wang J, Zhang J, Cheng G, Shangguan Y, Yang G, Liu X. Feasibility and mechanism of removing Microcystis aeruginosa and degrading microcystin-LR by dielectric barrier discharge plasma. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141436. [PMID: 38360412 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial bloom is one of the serious environmental problems worldwide. Microcystis aeruginosa is a representative harmful alga in cyanobacteria bloom. It is of great significance to develop new technologies for the removal of Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystins. The feasibility and mechanism of removing microcystis aeruginosa and degrading microcystins by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma were studied. The suitable DBD parameters obtained in this study are DBD (41.5 W, 40 min) and DBD (41.5 W, 50 min), resulting in algae removal efficiency of 77.4% and 80.4%, respectively; scanning electron microscope and LIVE-DEATH analysis demonstrate that DBD treatment can disrupt cell structure and lead to cell death; analysis of elemental composition and chemical state indicated that there are traces of oxidation of organic nitrogen and organic carbon in microcystis aeruginosa; further intracellular ROS concentration and antioxidant enzyme activity analysis confirm that DBD damage microcystis aeruginosa through oxidation. Meanwhile, DBD can effectively degrade the microcystin-LR released after cell lysis, the extracellular microcystin-LR concentration in the DBD (41.5 W) group decreased by 88.7% at 60 min compared to the highest concentration at 20 min; further toxicity analysis of degradation intermediates indicated that DBD can reduce the toxicity of microcystin-LR. The contribution of active substances to the inactivation of microcystis aeruginosa is eaq- > •OH > H2O2 > O3 > 1O2 > •O2- > ONOO-, while on the degradation of microcystin-LR is eaq- > •OH > H2O2 > O3 > •O2- > 1O2 > ONOO-. The application of DBD plasma technology in microcystis aeruginosa algae removal and detoxification has certain prospects for promotion and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jiahua Zhang
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuyi Shangguan
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Guanyi Yang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Wang Z, Lei Y, Liu Q, Sun Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Yang Z. Long-term acclimation to warming improves the adaptive ability of Microcystis aeruginosa to high temperature: Based on growth, photosynthetic activity, and microcystin production. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122727. [PMID: 37838315 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Gradually warming of water bodies caused by climate change is expected to intensify the expansion of Microcystis blooms causing a series of severe problems in waters. However, most predictions about global warming further promoting the dominance of Microcystis are dependent on the strains only experiencing short-term acclimation to high temperature. It still remains unknown whether long-term warming acclimation improves the adaptive ability of Microcystis to high temperature. The present study used Microcysits aeruginosa maintained at 25 °C, short- and long -term acclimated at 30 °C to explore the above knowledge gaps. The results showed that: (1) The growth rate of long-term warming acclimated M. aeruginosa was significantly enhanced, compared with those of low temperature cultured and short-term warming acclimated ones; (2) A faster decline rate of photosynthetic activity during growth phase and a higher ultimately stable photosynthetic activity during stationary phase of M. aeruginosa were caused by longer warming acclimation time; (3) high temperature reduced the microcystin production of long-term warming acclimated M. aeruginosa compared to that of low temperature cultured M. aeruginosa; (4) Warming acclimation time improved the driving effect of photosynthetic activity on the growth of M. aeruginosa but decreased the restriction ability of growth state to microcystin production of M. aeruginosa at high temperature; (5) Compared to low temperature cultured M. aeruginosa, high temperature improved the driving effect of photosynthetic activity on the growth of long-term warming acclimated M. aeruginosa, but decreased the sensitivity of photosynthetic activities to environmental resources and the regulative ability of microcystin production to photosynthetic activity. These findings indicated that long-term warming acclimation enhanced M. aeruginosa adaptive ability to high temperature and demonstrated the necessity of applying long-term warming acclimated strains in the future studies about the impact of global warming on cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshuang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yulu Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Wu J, Lv R, Qiu L, Zhang S, Jiao H, Wang Y, Luo S, Fang H, Wen C. JNK regulates the Nrf2/NQO1-ARE pathway against Microcystins-Induced oxidative stress in freshwater mussel Cristaria plicata. Gene 2023; 883:147653. [PMID: 37479096 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
In response to stress, cells can utilize several processes, such as the activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway as a critical regulator of oxidative stress to protect against oxidative damage. C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, is involved in regulating the NF-E2-related nuclear factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. NAD(P)H quinone redox enzyme-1 (NQO1), a downstream target gene of the Nrf2 pathway, plays a vital role in removing peroxide and providing resistance to oxidative injury. We found that microcystins (MCs) stimulated CpNrf2 to express and increase anti-oxidative enzyme activities in a previous experiment. In our current study, the full-length cDNAs of JNK and NQO1 from Cristaria plicata (designated CpJNK and CpNQO1) were cloned. The relative levels of CpJNK and CpNQO1 were high in hepatopancreas. Upon MCs induction, the relative level of CpNQO1 was increased, whereas that of CpJNK was decreased significantly. In contrast, CpNrf2 knockdown upregulated the expression of CpJNK mRNA and phosphorylation of CpJNK protein (Cpp-JNK), but inhibited CpNQO1 expression. Additionally, we found that JNK inhibitor SP600125 stimulated expression of CpNQO1 and CpNrf2 upon exposure to MCs, and we further confirmed that CpNrf2 protein combined with the ARE element in CpNQO1 gene promoter in vitro, and increased CpNQO1-ARE-luciferase activity in a CpNrf2-dependent manner. These findings indicated C. plicata effectively alleviated MC-induced oxidative injury through JNK participated in regulating the Nrf2/NQO1-ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielian Wu
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Rong Lv
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Linhan Qiu
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shuangping Zhang
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - He Jiao
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yanrui Wang
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shanshan Luo
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Haihong Fang
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Chungen Wen
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
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Wang J, Cheng G, Zhang J, Shangguan Y, Lu M, Liu X. Feasibility and mechanism of recycling carbon resources from waste cyanobacteria and reducing microcystin toxicity by dielectric barrier discharge plasma. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132333. [PMID: 37634378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Recycling carbon resources from discarded cyanobacteria is a worthwhile research topic. This study focuses on the use of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma technology as a pretreatment for anaerobic fermentation of cyanobacteria. The DBD group (58.5 W, 45 min) accumulated the most short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) along with acetate, which were 3.0 and 3.3 times higher than the control. The DBD oxidation system can effectively collapse cyanobacteria extracellular polymer substances and cellular structure, improve the biodegradability of dissolved organic matter, enrich microorganisms produced by hydrolysis and SCFAs, reduce the abundance of SCFAs consumers, thereby promoting the accumulation of SCFAs and accelerating the fermentation process. The microcystin-LR removal rate of 39.8% was obtained in DBD group (58.5 W, 45 min) on day 6 of anaerobic fermentation. The toxicity analysis using the ECOSAR program showed that compared to microcystin-LR, the toxicity of degradation intermediates was reduced. The contribution order of functional active substances to cyanobacteria cracking was obtained as eaq- > •OH > 1O2 > •O2- > ONOO-, while the contribution order to microcystin-LR degradation was eaq- > •OH > •O2- > 1O2 > ONOO-. DBD has the potential to be a revolutionary pretreatment method for cyanobacteria anaerobic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiahua Zhang
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuyi Shangguan
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ming Lu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 63 Chifeng Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Wu J, Liu W, Hou S, Wang Y, Fang H, Luo S, Yang L, Wen C. Identification of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway and its transcriptional regulation of antioxidant genes after exposure to microcystins in freshwater mussel Cristaria plicata. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:104629. [PMID: 36587710 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MC) are one of the most abundant and widely distributed cyanotoxins in aquatic systems. MC inhibits the functions of protein phosphatase 1 and 2A (PP1/2A), which can seriously affect ecosystem integrity. The NF-E2-related nuclear factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein-1 (Keap1) signaling pathway protects against oxidative damage by activating phase II detoxification/antioxidant enzymes. Our previous study revealed that MC upregulates the expression and enhances the activities of the antioxidant enzymes by stimulating the CpNrf2 signaling pathway. In the current study, to further clarify the regulatory role of Keap1 in response to MC-induced oxidative stress in shellfish, we cloned the full-length cDNA of Keap1a and Keap1b from Cristaria plicata (designated CpKeap1a and CpKeap1b), which are 2952 and 3710 bp peptides, respectively. The amino acid sequence of CpKeap1a and CpKeap1b contained Tram-track and Bric-a-brac (BTB), Intervening region (IVR), and Double glycine repeat (DGR) domain. Additionally, CpKeap1a contained two cysteine residues analogous to Cys-273 and -288 in zebrafish, but CpKeap1b did not. Moreover, CpKeap1a and -1b formed a homodimer and heterodimer, respectively, and also formed a heterodimer with CpNrf2. In the hepatopancreas, the expression levels of CpKeap1a and -1b were the highest, but MC treatment down-regulated the expression of these proteins. Moreover, the transcription of antioxidant enzymes with antioxidant response element (ARE-driven enzymes), including CpMnSOD, CpCu/ZnSOD, CpTRX, CpPrx, CpSe-GPx, and Cpsigma-GST was upregulated by CpNrf2 in the hepatopancreas. Compared with the MC-induced group, CpKeap1a-siRNA1117 injection significantly increased the transcription of mRNAs for ARE-driven enzymes and Nrf2. CpKeap1a-siRNA1117 also enhanced the activities of antioxidation enzymes. These findings demonstrated that Keap1a negatively regulated the expression of Nrf2 protein and MC-induced oxidative stress response in C. plicata. Therefore, we speculated that CpKeap1a promoted CpNrf2 by recognizing and binding MC. These events then protected molluscs from MC-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielian Wu
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Shumin Hou
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Yanrui Wang
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Haihong Fang
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Shanshan Luo
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Lang Yang
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Chungen Wen
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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Wu J, Hou S, Yang L, Wang Y, Wen C, Guo Y, Luo S, Fang H, Jiao H, Xu H, Zhang S. P62/SQSTM1 upregulates NQO1 transcription via Nrf2/Keap1a signaling pathway to resist microcystins-induced oxidative stress in freshwater mussel Cristaria plicata. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 255:106398. [PMID: 36669434 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are the most frequent and widely distributed type of cyanotoxin in aquatic systems, and they cause an imbalance of the body's oxidative system. In a previous experiment, we demonstrated that the mollusk Cristaria plicata can protect against MC-induced oxidative damage through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein-1 (Keap1) pathway. Here, we evaluated whether selective autophagy affects the Nrf2/Keap1a anti-oxidative stress pathway in C. plicata. Full-length cDNA sequences of p62/SQSTM1 from C. plicata (Cpp62) were divided into 2484 bp fragments. From N-terminal to C-terminal, the amino acid sequence of Cpp62 contained PB1 (Phox and Bem1p domain), ZNF (zinc finger domain) chain, LIR (LC3 interacting region) and UBA (ubiquitin-associated domain) domains, but not the KIR (Keap1 interacting region) domain. We confirmed that Cpp62 did not bind to CpKeap1a in vitro, and the relative level of Cpp62 was the highest in the hepatopancreas. Moreover, MCs significantly upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of Cpp62 in the hepatopancreas after CpKeap1a knockdown, whereas Nrf2 upregulated the transcription levels of Cpp62, suggesting that MCs increased Cpp62 expression via the Nrf2/Keap1a signaling pathway. Moreover, Cpp62 and CpNrf2 proteins have a strong affinity for the NQO1 promoter, but MCs inhibited the ability of CpNrf2 and Cpp62 to upregulate luciferase activity. The results show that Nrf2 and the p62 protein induced p62 expression by binding to ARE (antioxidant response element) sequences in the p62 promoter of C. plicata, thereby promoting p62 to resist MC-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, we speculate that MCs induce p62-dependent autophagy in C. plicata, resulting in the inhibition of Nrf2 transcription and Cpp62 promoter activity. These findings help to reveal the mechanism by which the p62-Nrf2/Keap1 pathway mitigates MC-induced oxidative damage in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielian Wu
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Shumin Hou
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Lang Yang
- Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yanrui Wang
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Chungen Wen
- Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Yuping Guo
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shanshan Luo
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Haihong Fang
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - He Jiao
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shuangping Zhang
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
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Sun HJ, Ding S, Guan DX, Ma LQ. Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in countering arsenic-induced oxidative stress in mice after chronic exposure at environmentally-relevant concentrations. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135256. [PMID: 35679981 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of drinking water by carcinogen arsenic (As) is of worldwide concern as its exposure poses potential threat to human health. As such, it is important to understand the mechanisms associated with As-induced toxicity to humans. The Nrf2/Keap1 signal pathway is one of the most important defense mechanisms in cells to counter oxidative stress; however, limited information is available regarding its role in countering As-induced stress in model animal mouse. In this study, we assessed the responses of Nrf2/keap1 pathway in mice after chronic exposure to As at environmentally-relevant concentrations of 10-200 μg L-1 for 30 days via drinking water. Our results indicate that chronic As exposure had limited effect on mouse growth. However, As induced oxidative stress to mice as indicated by increased content of malondialdehyde (MDA; 52-90%), an index of lipid peroxidation. Further, arsenic exposure reduced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD; 14-18%), an indication of reduced anti-oxidative activity. Besides, arsenic exposure increased MnSOD mRNA transcription by 25-66%, and decreased the mRNA transcriptions of Cu/ZnSOD by 72-83% and metallothionein by 16-75%, a cysteine-rich protein involved in metal detoxification. To counter arsenic toxicity, the expression of transcription factor for Nrf2 and Keap1 was increased by 2.8-8.9 and 0.2-8.1 fold in mice. To effectively reduce As-induced oxidative stress, the Nrf2/Keap1 transcription factor upregulated several downstream anti-oxidative genes, including heme oxygenase-1 (0.9-2.5 fold), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (0.6-1.7 fold), and NADH quinone dehydrogenase 1 (2.1-4.8 fold). This study shows the importance of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and associated anti-oxidative enzymes in countering As-toxicity in mice, possibly having implication for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Sun
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Song Ding
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang Z, Xu Y, Yang J, Li Y, Sun Y, Zhang L, Yang Z. Adverse role of colonial morphology and favorable function of microcystins for Microcystis to compete with Scenedesmus. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 117:102293. [PMID: 35944955 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In eutrophic freshwaters, Microcystis usually becomes dominant in phytoplankton communities due to the synergistic effects of its special eco-physiological traits and environmental factors. Colonial morphology can protect Microcystis from zooplankton grazing, which indirectly favors Microcystis to outcompete other phytoplankton, although the colonial form is not conducive to the absorption of nutrients. Moreover, unicellular Microcystis usually has competitive advantages over other phytoplankton due to its efficient absorption capacity for nutrients and releasing microcystins. However, the consequence of direct competition between toxic colonial Microcystis and green algae without external grazing pressure still remained unknown. In this study, the competition between toxic colonial Microcystis aeruginosa and a common green alga Scenedesmus obliquus was explored. Results showed that: (1) colonial M. aeruginosa had a higher requirement for key macro-nutrient phosphorus than S. obliquus, and thus its population declined and was replaced by S. obliquus eventually; (2) microcystins released by colonial M. aeruginosa inhibited the photosynthetic activity and growth of S. obliquus at early stage of the competition; (3) the photosynthetic potential of colonial M. aeruginosa was stimulated in response to the competitive stress from S. obliquus, although the population of colonial M. aeruginosa declined eventually; (4) microcystin production of colonial M. aeruginosa was enhanced by phosphorus limitation due to S. obliquus competition and was positively related to photosynthetic potential of colonial M. aeruginosa. These results indicated that, in the absence of complex natural environment, colonial Microcystis cannot outcompete Scenedesmus in a pure competition, although microcystins can play a favorable role in the competition, which clarified the opposite role of colonies and microcystins in the competition of colonial Microcystis against other phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshuang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiajun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yapeng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Zhao WJ, Li X, Xu ZQ, Fang KM, Hong HC, Sun HJ, Guan DX, Yu XW. Environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenic induces apoptosis in the early life stage of zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112883. [PMID: 34653941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) in the aquatic environment is a considerable environmental issue, previous studies have reported the toxic effects of low concentrations (≤ 150 μg/L) of As on fish. However, limited information is available regarding the impact of low levels of As on apoptosis. To evaluate this, zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, and 150 μg/L) of As (arsenite [AsIII] and arsenate [AsV]) for 120 h. Our results indicated that low concentrations of AsIII exposure significantly inhibited the survival of zebrafish larvae, and significantly increased the transcription of Caspase-9 and Caspase-3, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 transcription, and protein levels of Caspase-3. In contrast, AsV decreased the ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 transcription and protein levels, as well as protein levels of Caspase-3. Our data demonstrated that AsIII and AsV exert different toxic effects, AsIII induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and the extrinsic pathway, while AsV induced apoptosis only via the mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Ze-Qiong Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Ke-Ming Fang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Hua-Chang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Hong-Jie Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China; Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xin-Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, China; College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China.
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10
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Xu W, Li X, Li Y, Sun Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Yang Z. Rising temperature more strongly promotes low-abundance Paramecium to remove Microcystis and degrade microcystins. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118143. [PMID: 34517177 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Driven by global warming and eutrophication, Microcystis blooms have posed a severe threat to freshwater ecosystems, especially their derived pollutants cause serious harm to aquatic organisms, thus it is urgent to develop an effective strategy to eliminate nuisance Microcystis. Some protozoa can efficiently graze on toxic Microcystis aeruginosa and degrade cyanotoxins, and play a vital role in regulating harmful cyanobacteria. In the process of protozoa feeding on harmful algae, both temperature and protozoa population density are critical factors that affect the consequences of harmful M. aeruginosa population dynamics. In this study, we first found that Paramecium multimicronucleatum has strong ability to feed on M. aeruginosa, and then studied the interactive effects between temperature and initial density of P. multimicronucleatum on controlling M. aeruginosa. Results showed that increasing temperature accelerated the elimination of M. aeruginosa by P. multimicronucleatum, e.g. the time for M. aeruginosa elimination at 32 °C was shortened to 3.5-4 days. The higher temperatures (26, 29, and 32 °C) were more conducive to improve the efficiency of controlling M. aeruginosa by P. multimicronucleatum with low initial density (10 inds mL-1). Furthermore, P. multimicronucleatum can rapidly degrade microcystins, and the degradation ratio approximately 100% at 32 °C after 6 days. This is the first study to discover that P. multimicronucleatum can high efficiently graze on M. aeruginosa and has a much higher grazing rate (3.5-5.5 × 104Microcystis Paramecium-1 d-1) than other protozoa. These findings contribute to the establishment of a new feasible method for the biological control of M. aeruginosa, and provide a theoretical guidance for the practical application of P. multimicronucleatum in the removal of M. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xianxian Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yapeng Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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11
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Wang X, Wu Y, Xie R, Yang K, Wu H, Wang T. Effects of Zinc Smelting Waste Slag Treated with Root Organic Acids on the Liver of Zebrafish (Danio rerio). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:1167-1175. [PMID: 33554276 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation reconstruction was widely adopted for the waste slag site. But the toxic elements may be made public from slag due to the organic acid secreted by plant roots, which will pollute the surrounding environment and harm human health. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the harm of toxic substances released from zinc (Zn) smelting waste slag to zebrafish. The effect was simulated by adding organic acid to slag, and the toxicity of the slag was evaluated through the enzyme activity, genetic toxicity, tissue sections of zebrafish liver tissue. The results showed that more heavy metals were made public from the slag, as the concentration of organic acids increased. Exposure to toxic substances for 14 days, the antioxidant enzyme activities, termed as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were significantly affected, which caused obvious malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. A comet assay revealed dose-dependent DNA damage in hepatocytes. Depending on the histopathological analysis, atrophy and necrosis of cells and increased hepatic plate gap were observed. The obtained results highlighted that toxic substances from slag may be deleterious to zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Wu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Kast Environmental Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Rong Xie
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Kaizhi Yang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hongyue Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tieyun Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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12
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Kong Q, Li Y, Xu X, Cheng J, Sun Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Yang Z. Microplastics interfere with mixotrophic Ochromonas eliminating toxic Microcystis. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 265:129030. [PMID: 33239234 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics with different sizes exist widely in fresh waters, which may affect the interspecific dynamics between predator and prey. The flagellate Ochromonas gloeopara can efficiently eliminate Microcystis aeruginosa and degrade microcystins, which shows great potential for controlling harmful Microcystis. In order to evaluate the effects of microplastics on O. gloeopara eliminating Microcystis, we designed an experiment of O. gloeopara feeding on Microcystis under different sizes (0.07 and 3 μm) and concentrations (0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, and 2.0 mg L-1) of microplastics. The results showed that maximum abundance of M. aeruginosa decreased significantly with addition of microplastics, regardless of the size and concentration. O. gloeopara can ingest the microplastics and suffer from their adverse effects. The maximum abundance of O. gloeopara decreased with enhancing concentrations of 3 μm microplastics during the process of O. gloeopara eliminating M. aeruginosa, whereas 0.07 μm microplastics did not affect the growth of O. gloeopara obviously. During the period of exposure under microplastics, clearance rate of O. gloeopara on M. aeruginosa decreased with the increasing concentrations of microplastics. Specially, 3 μm microplastics had a stronger reduction on clearance rate of O. gloeopara. The time to M. aeruginosa extinction was prolonged with the increasing concentrations of microplastics in both sizes. Comparatively speaking, 3 μm microplastics had a stronger delayed effect on the removal of Microcystis. These findings suggest that microplastics can interfere with protozoa eliminating toxic Microcystis, which may aggravate their adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdan Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yannan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiahui Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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13
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Gavrilović BR, Petrović TG, Radovanović TB, Despotović SG, Gavrić JP, Krizmanić II, Ćirić MD, Prokić MD. Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 750:141569. [PMID: 32853936 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the long-term exposure of aquatic organisms to cyanobacterial blooms is a regular occurrence in the environment, the prooxidant and neurotoxic effects of such conditions are still insufficiently investigated in situ. We examined the temporal dynamics of the biochemical parameters in the liver of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs that inhabit the northern (N) side of Lake Ludaš (Serbia) with microcystins (MCs) produced in a cyanobacterial bloom over three summer months. The obtained data were compared with data on frogs that live on the southern (S), MC-free side of the same lake. Our results showed that the MC-producing bloom induced oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, observed as a decrease in the concentration of protein -SH groups and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver of N frogs in comparison to S frogs. Glutathione (GSH) played a key role in the transient defense against the MC-induced development of LPO. The low glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity detected in all groups of frogs from the N site was crucial for the observed prooxidant consequences. The bloom impaired cholinergic homeostasis as a result of a decrease in ChE activity. A delayed neurotoxic effect in relation to the prooxidant outcomes was observed. Our results also showed that even though the integrated biomarker response (IBR) of the antioxidant biomarkers increased during exposure, the individual biochemical parameters did not exhibit a well-defined time-dependent pattern because of specific adaptation dynamics and/or additional effects of the physicochemical parameters of the water. This comprehensive environmental ecotoxicological evaluation of the cyanobacterial bloom-induced biochemical alterations in the liver of frogs provides a new basis for further investigations of the prolonged, real-life ecotoxicity of the blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branka R Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tamara G Petrović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana B Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana G Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena P Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Imre I Krizmanić
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš D Ćirić
- Scientific Institution Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy - National Institute, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
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14
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Sun HJ, Zhao WJ, Teng XQ, Shu SP, Li SW, Hong HC, Guan DX. Antioxidant responses and pathological changes in the gill of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after chronic exposure to arsenite at its reference dose. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110743. [PMID: 32464441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gill, as the organ of fish to contact most directly with xenobiotics, suffered more threat. To evaluate the impact of arsenite (AsIII) on the gill of fish, we measured the antioxidative responses (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities) and oxidative damage (malondialdehyde (MDA) content), histological changes and mRNA transcriptional responses of zebrafish gill, after exposure to AsIII (0, 10, 50, 100, and 150 μg L-1) solutions for 28 days. We found that AsIII increased the activities of CAT by 46%-87%, decreased the activities of SOD and the contents of MDA by 19% and 21%-32%. Furthermore, CuZnSOD and MnSOD mRNA transcription levels were also inhibited, decreasing by 62%-82% and 70%-77%. Besides, ≥ 100 μg L-1 AsIII also caused histological changes (a loss of mucus and desquamation in the surface of the epithelial cells) on zebrafish gill. These results showed that low concentrations of AsIII influenced biochemical and physiological performances of fish gill, which probably aggravates the toxic effect of AsIII on fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Teng
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China
| | - Shui-Ping Shu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China
| | - Shi-Wei Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, PR China
| | - Hua-Chang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China.
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
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15
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Huang J, Li Y, Zhou Q, Sun Y, Zhang L, Gu L, Lyu K, Huang Y, Chen Y, Yang Z. Non-toxic and toxic Microcystis aeruginosa reduce the tolerance of Daphnia pulex to low calcium in different degrees: Based on the changes in the key life-history traits. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:126101. [PMID: 32045977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Calcium decline and cyanobacterial blooms pose a serious threat to the crustacean zooplankton Daphnia, which has a high demand for calcium. In the present study, we exposed two different clones of Daphnia pulex to different combinations of calcium concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0 mg L-1) and food types (100% Chlorella; 80% Chlorella and 20% non-toxic Microcystis; 80% Chlorella and 20% toxic Microcystis) for 16 days, recorded the key life-history traits, and then used an exponential rise function to fit the traits. Results showed toxic Microcystis and low calcium together negatively affected the survival, development, and reproduction of Daphnia. The negative effect of non-toxic Microcystis and low calcium only affected the development and reproduction. The survival time and reproductive performance increased exponentially with increasing calcium concentration and then approached an asymptotic maximum. Both non-toxic and toxic Microcystis reduced the asymptotic maximum of the reproductive performance. The rising rate at which they reached the asymptotes differed significantly among the three food types; i.e., the reproductive performance of Daphnia was affected in a wider range of calcium concentrations under bad food quality. The findings indicated that Microcystis impaired the tolerance of Daphnia to low calcium, which may cause serious consequences in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yurou Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiming Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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16
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Zhou Q, Lu N, Gu L, Sun Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Chen Y, Yang Z. Daphnia enhances relative reproductive allocation in response to toxic microcystis: Changes in the performance of parthenogenetic and sexual reproduction. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113890. [PMID: 31918145 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication and warming lead to frequent occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms, which significantly impact on zooplankton. Freshwater zooplankton Daphnia adopts two distinct ways of reproduction: asexual (parthenogenetic) reproduction for rapidly reproducing many offspring in favorable environment and sexual reproduction for producing resting eggs as seed bank to survive in harsh environments. Daphnia pulex has worse performance in growth and reproduction under the exposure to toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and tends to allocate less energy to reproduction in the case of insufficient food. However, the relative reproductive allocation strategy (energy allocation) of D. pulex individuals exposed to toxic M. aeruginosa is still unclear. Here we tested the relative reproductive performance of D. pulex fed on solely Chlorella pyrenoidosa (high quality food) or Chlorella mixed with toxic M. aeruginosa (low quality food), based on the parthenogenetic reproduction (life-history experiments) and sexual reproduction (population experiments). The results showed that under low quality food conditions, D. pulex reproduced fewer offspring which were also smaller and thus led to a reduced absolute output in parthenogenetic reproduction, but produced ephippia in the same size and quantity compared to those cultured under high quality food conditions. However, as the body size of maternal D. pulex cultured under low quality food conditions decreased, the relative reproductive allocation significantly increased in both parthenogenetic and sexual reproduction, compared to those cultured under high quality food conditions. In conclusion, D. pulex tend to allocate relatively more energy to reproduction under Microcystis conditions, which is a reasonable strategy for it to decentralize the risks from low-quality food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Na Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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17
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Barka S, Gdara I, Ouanes-Ben Othmen Z, Mouelhi S, El Bour M, Hamza-Chaffai A. Seasonal ecotoxicological monitoring of freshwater zooplankton in Bir Mcherga dam (Tunisia). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:5670-5680. [PMID: 30693446 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dams represent large semi-closed reservoirs of pesticides and various organic and inorganic pollutants from agricultural and human activities, and their monitoring should receive special attention. This study evaluated the environmental health status of Bir Mcherga dam using zooplankton species. The dam has a capacity of 130 Mm3 and its waters are used for irrigation, water drinking supply, and fishery. Copepods and cladocerans (crustaceans) were collected in situ monthly between October and August 2012. Oxidative stress (CAT, MDA), neurotoxicity (AChE), and genotoxicity (micronucleus test) biomarkers were analyzed in two zooplankton species: Acanthocyclops robustus and Diaphanosoma mongolianum. High values of cells with a micronucleus were observed during summer. AChE activities were inhibited during early winter and summer. The high seasonal variability of CAT and MDA levels indicates that zooplankton is continuously exposed to different oxidative stresses. These results suggest that there is an obvious and continuous multi-faceted stress in Bir Mcherga reservoir and, consequently, an urgent monitoring of freshwater environments in Tunisia is needed, particularly those intended for human consumption and irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabria Barka
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Imene Gdara
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zouhour Ouanes-Ben Othmen
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Samia Mouelhi
- Unité de Recherche de Biologie Animale et Systématique Evolutive 2092, Campus Universitaire, Manar II, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Monia El Bour
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Biodiversité Aquatiques, National Institute of Sea Sciences and Technologies INSTM, Salammbô, Tunisia
| | - Amel Hamza-Chaffai
- Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
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18
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Tavares D, Paulino MG, Terezan AP, Batista Fernandes J, Giani A, Fernandes MN. Osmoregulatory disturbance in Neotropical fish exposed to the crude extracts of the cyanobacterium, Radiocystis fernandoi. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 216:105315. [PMID: 31561138 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Blooms of cyanobacteria, a common event in eutrophic environments, result in the release of potentially toxic substances into the water. The cyanobacterium Radiocystis fernandoi produces microcystin (MC) and other peptides that may disturb homeostasis. This study evaluated the effect of intraperitoneal injections containing the crude extract (CE) of R. fernandoi strain R28 on the gills and kidneys of neotropical fish, Piaractus mesopotamicus, 3, 6 and 24 h post-injection. CE contained MC-RR, MC-YR and minor other oligopeptides. Plasma ions and the activities of the enzymes PP1 and PP2A, Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), H+-ATPase (HA) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) were determined and morphological changes in both the gills and kidneys were characterized. Compared to controls, the concentration of Na+ within the plasma of P. mesopotamicus decreased after treatment with CE 3 h post treatment and increased after 24 h; the concentration of K+ decreased after 6 h. The activity of the endogenous PP1 and PP2A was unchanged in the gills and was inhibited in the kidneys 6 h after i.p. injection. In the gills, NKA activity increased after 3 h and decreased 6 h post i.p. exposure. Further, NKA activity did not differ from the controls 24-h post injection. In the kidneys, NKA, HA and CA activities were unaffected by treatment. The mitochondria-rich cell (MRC) density in the gills decreased after 3 h in the filament and 3 and 6 h in the lamellae and was restored to the control levels 24 h post-exposure. Filament epithelial hyperplasia and hypertrophy, lamellar atrophy and rupture of the lamellar epithelium were the most common effects of treatment in the gills. No histopathological changes occurred in the kidneys. This study demonstrates that a single dose of toxic CE from R. fernandoi can cause a transitory ion imbalance in P. mesopotamicus which is related to the changes in MRC levels and NKA activity. Ionic balance was recovered 24 h post i.p. injection, however, morphological changes that occurred in the gills took a longer amount of time to return to normal. To conclude, the effects of components contained within the CE of R. fernandoi may be harmful to P. mesopotamicus. In particular, the recovery of ionic regulation depends on MRC responses and histopathological changes produced by CE may affect gas exchange and other gill functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Driele Tavares
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Gustavo Paulino
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Terezan
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Batista Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Giani
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Sun HJ, Zhang Y, Zhang JY, Lin H, Chen J, Hong H. The toxicity of 2,6-dichlorobenzoquinone on the early life stage of zebrafish: A survey on the endpoints at developmental toxicity, oxidative stress, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:719-724. [PMID: 30500751 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
2,6-dichlorobenzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ), an emerging disinfection by-production, frequently occurs in reclaimed water and drinking water. However, limited information was available regarding its toxicity. To evaluate its impact, zebrafish at early life stage were exposed to 0, 10, 30, 60, 90, or 120 μg L-1 2,6-BDCQ for 72 h. Our results indicated that 2,6-BDCQ decreased zebrafish's survival rate to 65% and 44% at 90 and 120 μg L-1 treatments and increased its aberration rate to 11% and 26% at 90 μg L-1 and 120 μg L-1 treatments. Besides, 2,6-BDCQ had adverse effect on its oxidative stress (elevated superoxide dismutase activity), lipid peroxidation (increased malondialdehyde levels), DNA damage (increased 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine contents) and apoptosis (increased caspase-3 activity). Although lower concentrations (≤60 μg L-1) of 2,6-BDCQ didn't exhibit significant effect on its survival development or lipid peroxidation of zebrafish, they induced obvious DNA damage and apoptosis occurrence. These results revealed 2,6-BDCQ caused genotoxicity and cytotoxicity to zebrafish. This study provides novel insight into 2,6-DCBQ-induced toxicity in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Jing-Ying Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Jianrong Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Huachang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China.
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20
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Dong WQ, Sun HJ, Zhang Y, Lin HJ, Chen JR, Hong HC. Impact on growth, oxidative stress, and apoptosis-related gene transcription of zebrafish after exposure to low concentration of arsenite. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:648-652. [PMID: 30098560 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Low concentrations of arsenic (As) contamination in aquatic environment is a worldwide issue, which is of great concern. To evaluate the impact of low concentrations of As on zebrafish, we measured the growth, antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), oxidative damage (malondialdehyde, MDA) and apoptosis-related genes (nrf2, p53 and c-jun) of adult zebrafish after exposing to different AsIII concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100 or 150 μg L-1) for 28 d. Results indicated that exposure to low AsIII concentrations decreased the zebrafish weight by 14%, increased the activities of SOD and CAT by 23-41% and 31-59%, decreased the contents of MDA by 29-54%, and modulated transcription of apoptosis related genes. Our study showed that chronic exposure to AsIII concentrations <150 μg L-1 generated oxidative stress and damage on zebrafish, and altered apoptosis-related genes in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Dong
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jie Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Rong Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Chang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China.
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Sun HJ, Li SW, Li C, Wang WQ, Li HB, Ma LQ. Thyrotoxicity of arsenate and arsenite on juvenile mice at organism, subcellular, and gene levels under low exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 186:580-587. [PMID: 28813693 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in drinking water is a worldwide issue, posing threat to human health. Arsenic is an endocrine system disruptor, however, limited information is available regarding its long-term effects on thyroid endocrine system at low exposure. In this study, we assessed the thyroid toxicity of arsenate (AsV) and arsenite (AsIII) at 10-100 μg L-1 in juvenile mice after 8-week of exposure via drinking water. After 1-2 week, AsV and AsIII had little influence on thyroxine (T4) level (56.3-64.7 μg L-1) in mouse blood compared to control mice at 57.3-60.7 μg L-1. However, after 4-8 weeks, 10 μg L-1 AsIII or AsV increased T4 levels to 83.8-88.8 μg L-1 compared to control treatment at 77.2-80.0 μg L-1, while 100 μg L-1 AsV or AsIII decreased T4 levels except for 100 μg L-1 AsIII for 8 weeks. Based on transmission electron microscopy, exposure to 100 μg L-1 AsIII or AsV for 8 weeks caused thyroid gland damage. In addition, exposure to AsV or AsIII at 10 or 100 μg L-1 impacted gene transcription of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis including thyroid stimulating hormone and iodothyronine deiodinases. Our data demonstrated that exposing to low levels of AsIII or AsV disrupted T4 homeostasis, influenced the related gene transcription and damaged the thyroid glands in juvenile mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shi-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wen-Qian Wang
- Medical College, Jinhua College of Profession and Technology, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321007, China
| | - Hong-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Hou J, Su Y, Lin W, Guo H, Xie P, Chen J, Gu Z, Li L. Microcystin-LR retards gonadal maturation through disrupting the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factors system in zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 139:27-35. [PMID: 28109900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have documented that microcystins (MCs) have potential toxic effects on growth and reproduction in fish. However, no systematic data exist on whether MCs cause gonadal development retardation through disrupting the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factors (GH/IGFs) system. To this end, zebrafish hatchlings (5 d post-fertilization) were exposed to 0, 0.3, 3 and 30µg/L microcystin-LR (MC-LR) for 90 d until they reached sexual maturity. Life-cycle exposure to MC-LR caused delayed ovarian maturation and sperm development along with ultrapathological lesions in the brain and liver. Moreover, the retarded gonadal development was accompanied by an inhibition of the GH/IGFs system, which was characterized by significant decreases in the transcriptional levels of brain gh (males only), hepatic igf2a and igf2b as well as gonadal igf1 (males only), igf3 and igf2r. These findings for the first time point to the influence of MC-LR on fish gonadal development via the GH/IGFs system. Also, sex-differential impairments suggested that gonadal development of males is more vulnerable than that of female to MC-LR. Our results provide evidence that MC-LR at environmentally relevant concentrations is able to induce impairments on fish gonadal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Yujing Su
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wang Lin
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Honghui Guo
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Zemao Gu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Li Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Sun HJ, Xiang P, Tang MH, Sun L, Ma LQ. Arsenic impacted the development, thyroid hormone and gene transcription of thyroid hormone receptors in bighead carp larvae (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 303:76-82. [PMID: 26513566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination in aquatic environment adversely impacts aquatic organisms. The present study assessed the toxicity of different As species and concentrations on bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) at early life stage, a major fish in Yangtze River, China. We measured the changes in embryo and larvae survival rate, larvae aberration, concentrations of thyroid hormone thyroxine, and transcription levels of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) in fish larvae after exposing to arsenite (AsIII) or arsenate (AsV) at 0, 10, 30, 50, 100, or 150 μg L(-1) for 78 h. As concentrations ≤ 150 μg L(-1) had limited effect on embryo survival rate (6-8% inhibition), but larvae survival rate decreased to 53-57% and larvae aberration rate increased to 20-24% after As exposure. Moreover, thyroxine levels elevated by 23% and 50% at 100 μg L(-1) AsIII and 150 μg L(-1) AsV. Besides, AsIII and AsV decreased the transcriptional levels of TRα by 72 and 53%, and TRβ by 91 and 81% at 150 μg L(-1) As. Our data showed that AsIII and AsV had limited effect on carp embryo survival, but they were both toxic to carp larvae, with AsIII showing more effect than AsV. As concentrations <150μg L(-1) adversely influenced the development of bighead carp larvae and disturbed their thyroid hormone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Ming-Hu Tang
- Yangzhou Integrated Experimental Station, National Industry Technology Research System of Staple Freshwater Fish, Jiangsu 225104, China
| | - Li Sun
- Yangzhou Integrated Experimental Station, National Industry Technology Research System of Staple Freshwater Fish, Jiangsu 225104, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Sun H, Wang W, Li J, Yang Z. Growth, oxidative stress responses, and gene transcription of juvenile bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) under chronic-term exposure of ammonia. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2014; 33:1726-1731. [PMID: 24839064 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia toxicity has become a universal problem for aquatic animals, especially fish. The purpose of the present study was to assess the chronic toxicity of ammonia to the juvenile bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis). The authors measured the responses of growth performance (specific growth rate, condition factor, body weight, and body length), oxidative stress, and related gene transcription of juvenile bighead carp exposed to solutions with different concentrations of un-ionized ammonia (UIA; 0 mg L(-1) , 0.053 mg L(-1) , 0.106 mg L(-1) , 0.159 mg L(-1) , and 0.212 mg L(-1) ). The results showed that UIA had no effect on growth performance, glutathione content, or glutathione S-transferase gene transcription, but superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly elevated. In addition, different concentrations of UIA produced different degrees of damage to juvenile bighead carp: compared with control, lower UIA levels significantly decreased gene transcription of catalase (CAT) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; higher UIA concentration (0.212 mg L(-1) ) significantly increased gene transcription of the antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD and reduced MDA levels. The data clearly demonstrate that chronic exposure of UIA at lower concentrations can result in some degree of impairment of antioxidative function, and chronic exposure at higher concentrations can enhance damage to juvenile bighead carp by modulating antioxidant enzyme activities and gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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