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El Ayari T, Ben Ahmed R, Bouriga N, Gravato C, Chelbi E, Nechi S, El Menif NT. Florfenicol induces malformations of embryos and causes altered lipid profile, oxidative damage, neurotoxicity, and histological effects on gonads of adult sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 110:104533. [PMID: 39127436 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The frequent occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment has engendered negative impacts on non-target organisms. The effects of the veterinary antibiotic florfenicol (FLO) during the embryo-larval development of the sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus was assessed using four increasing concentrations (1, 2, 5 and 10 mg/L). Furthermore, FLO toxicity to adults was investigated through the analysis of oxidative damage, histopathological alterations, lipid metabolism and acetylcholinesterase activity following an exposure period of 96 h. FLO induced embryotoxicity with estimated EC50 values of 5.75, 7.56 and 3.29 mg/L after 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, respectively. It generated oxidative stress assessed as lipid peroxidation in gonads despite the increased antioxidant activity of catalase (CAT). Neurotoxicity was also evident since the AChE activity significantly decreased. Moreover, FLO affected the lipid metabolism by increasing saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid proportions (MUFA), except in the group exposed to 5 mg/L. The increase in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) proportions were noted with all FLO concentrations. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) decreased, while arachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4n-6) increased in sea urchins exposed to 5 and 10 mg/L FLO. Histopathological alterations of gonadal tissues represent an additional confirmation about the toxicity of this antibiotic that might decrease the reproductive performance of this species. Nevertheless, even if reproduction of sea urchins would be partially successful, the embryotoxicity would compromise the normal development of the embryos with consequences on the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani El Ayari
- Group of Fundamental and Applied Malacology (MAF), Laboratory of Environment Bio-monitoring (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia.
| | - Raja Ben Ahmed
- University of El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Department of Biology, Ecology, Biology and physiology of Aquatic Organisms Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nawzet Bouriga
- University of El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Department of Biology, Ecology, Biology and physiology of Aquatic Organisms Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture of Bizerte, University of Carthage., Errimel B.P.15, Bizerte 7080, Tunisia
| | - Carlos Gravato
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Emna Chelbi
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri Hospital, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Nechi
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri Hospital, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Najoua Trigui El Menif
- Group of Fundamental and Applied Malacology (MAF), Laboratory of Environment Bio-monitoring (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
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Li H, Zhang W, Yan H, Gao P. Understanding the toxicity risk of antibiotic emissions of aquaculture from the perspective of fluctuations concentration. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:124024. [PMID: 38685554 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Organisms are generally exposed to target contaminant with stable concentrations in traditional ecotoxicological studies. However, it is difficult to truly represent the dynamics and complexity of actual aquatic pollution for risk management. Contaminants may enter nearby aquatic systems in pulsed exposure, thus resulting in that aquatic organisms will be exposed to contaminants at fluctuating concentrations. Especially during the season of summer, due to the changes in displacement or periodic emissions of veterinary antibiotics in aquaculture, algal blooms occur frequently in surrounding waters, thus leading to eutrophication of the water. Florfenicol (FFC) is currently widely used as a veterinary antibiotic, but the aquatic ecological risks of FFC under concentration fluctuations are still unknown. Therefore, the acute exposure, chronic exposure and pulsed exposure effects of FFC on Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated to comprehensively evaluate the ecological risk of FFC and raise awareness of the pulsed exposure mode. Results indicated that the toxic effects of FFC on M. aeruginosa were dominated by exposure mode, exposure duration, exposure frequency, and exposure concentration. The maximum growth inhibition rate of the 10 μg/L FFC treatment amounted to 4.07% during chronic exposure of 18 days. However, the growth inhibition rate decreased from 55.1% to 19.31% when algae was exposure to 10 μg/L FFC during the first pulsed exposure (8 h). Therefore, when the concentration of FFC was equal under chronic and pulsed exposure, FFC exhibited greater toxicity on M. aeruginosa in short pulsed exposure than in continuous exposure. In addition, repetitive pulsed exposure strengthened the resistance of M. aeruginosa on FFC. The adaptive regulation of algae was related to the duration and frequency of exposure. Above results suggested that traditional toxicity assessments lacked consideration for fluctuating concentrations during pollutant emissions, thus underestimating the environmental risk of contaminant. This investigation aims to facilitate the standardization of pulsed exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixiang Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, PR China; Central & Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co LTD, Jiefang Park Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430063, PR China
| | - Weihao Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, PR China
| | - Huimin Yan
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, PR China
| | - Pan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
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Li J, You L, Xu Z, Gin KYH, He Y. Nano-scale and micron-scale plastics amplify the bioaccumulation of benzophenone-3 and ciprofloxacin, as well as their co-exposure effect on disturbing the antioxidant defense system in mussels, Perna viridis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123547. [PMID: 38387549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Plastics ranging from nano-scale to micron-scale are frequently ingested by many marine animals. These particles exhibit biotoxicity and additionally perform as vectors that convey and amass adsorbed chemicals within organisms. Meanwhile, the frequency of detection of the benzophenone-3 and ciprofloxacin can be adsorbed on plastic particles, then accumulated in bivalves, causing biotoxicity. To understand their unknown accumulative kinetics in vivo affected by different plastic sizes and toxic effect from co-exposure, several scenarios were set up in which the mode organism were exposed to 0.6 mg/L of polystyrene carrying benzophenone-3 and ciprofloxacin in three sizes (300 nm, 38 μm, and 0.6 mm). The live Asian green mussels were chosen as mode organism for exposure experiments, in which they were exposed to environments with plastics of different sizes laden with benzophenone-3 and ciprofloxacin, then depurated for 7 days. The bioaccumulation and depuration kinetics of benzophenone-3 and ciprofloxacin were measured using HPLC-MS/MS after one week of exposure and depuration. Meanwhile, their toxic effect were investigated by measuring the changes in six biomarkers (condition index, reactive oxygen species, catalase, glutathione, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome P450 and DNA damage). The bioconcentration factors in mussels under different exposure conditions were 41.48-111.75 for benzophenone-3 and 6.45 to 12.35 for ciprofloxacin. The results suggested that microplastics and nanoplastics can act as carriers to increase bioaccumulation and toxicity of adsorbates in mussels in a size-dependent manner. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species caused by microplastics and nanoplastics led to increased DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and changes in antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants during exposure. Marked disruption of antioxidant defenses and genotoxic effects in mussels during depuration indicated impaired recovery. Compared to micron-scale plastic with sizes over a hundred micrometers that had little effect on bivalve bioaccumulation and toxicity, nano-scale plastic greatly enhanced the biotoxicity effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Luhua You
- National University of Singapore Environment Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Zichen Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Karina Yew-Hoong Gin
- National University of Singapore Environment Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A07-03, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Yiliang He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; National University of Singapore Environment Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, 138602, Singapore.
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Guo X, Qian Z, Jiang S, Qian X, Ning X, Yin S, Zhang K. Assessing the ecotoxicity of florfenicol exposure at environmental levels: A case study of histology, apoptosis and microbiota in hepatopancreas of Eriocheir sinensis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116092. [PMID: 38350219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The intensification of production practices in the aquaculture industry has led to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics to combat diseases and reduce costs, which has resulted in environmental pollution, posing serious threats to aquaculture sustainability and food safety. However, the toxic effect of florfenicol (FF) exposure on the hepatopancreas of crustaceans remains unclear. Herein, by employing Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) as subjects to investigate the toxic effects on histopathology, oxidative stress, apoptosis and microbiota of hepatopancreas under environment-relevant (0.5 and 5 μg/L), and extreme concentrations (50 μg/L) of FF. Our results revealed that the damage of hepatopancreas tissue structure caused by FF exposure in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Combined with the increased expression of apoptosis-related genes (Caspase 3, Caspase 8, p53, Bax and Bcl-2) at mRNA and protein levels, activation of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, FF exposure also induced oxidative stress, and apoptosis in hepatopancreas. Interestingly, 7 days exposure triggered more pronounced toxic effect in crabs than 14 days under environment-relevant FF concentration. Integrated biomarker response version 2 (IBRv2) index indicated that 14 days FF exposure under extreme concentration has serious toxicity effect on crabs. Furthermore, 14 days exposure to FF changed the diversity and composition of hepatopancreas microbiota leading remarkable increase of pathogenic microorganism Spirochaetes following exposure to 50 μg/L of FF. Taken together, our study explained potential mechanism of FF toxicity on hepatopancreas of crustaceans, and provided a reference for the concentration of FF to be used in culture of Chinese mitten crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Guo
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ziang Qian
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Su Jiang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaobin Qian
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xianhui Ning
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
| | - Shaowu Yin
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang, Jiangsu 222005, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang, Jiangsu 222005, China.
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Guo X, Chen H, Tong Y, Wu X, Tang C, Qin X, Guo J, Li P, Wang Z, Liu W, Mo J. A review on the antibiotic florfenicol: Occurrence, environmental fate, effects, and health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 244:117934. [PMID: 38109957 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Florfenicol, as a replacement for chloramphenicol, can tightly bind to the A site of the 23S rRNA in the 50S subunit of the 70S ribosome, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis and bacterial proliferation. Due to the widespread use in aquaculture and veterinary medicine, florfenicol has been detected in the aquatic environment worldwide. Concerns over the effects and health risks of florfenicol on target and non-target organisms have been raised in recent years. Although the ecotoxicity of florfenicol has been widely reported in different species, no attempt has been made to review the current research progress of florfenicol toxicity, hormesis, and its health risks posed to biota. In this study, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to summarize the effects of florfenicol on various organisms including bacteria, algae, invertebrates, fishes, birds, and mammals. The generation of antibiotic resistant bacteria and spread antibiotic resistant genes, closely associated with hormesis, are pressing environmental health issues stemming from overuse or misuse of antibiotics including florfenicol. Exposure to florfenicol at μg/L-mg/L induced hormetic effects in several algal species, and chromoplasts might serve as a target for florfenicol-induced effects; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are completely lacking. Exposure to high levels (mg/L) of florfenicol modified the xenobiotic metabolism, antioxidant systems, and energy metabolism, resulting in hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, immunotoxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, obesogenic effects, and hormesis in different animal species. Mitochondria and the associated energy metabolism are suggested to be the primary targets for florfenicol toxicity in animals, albeit further in-depth investigations are warranted for revealing the long-term effects (e.g., whole-life-cycle impacts, multigenerational effects) of florfenicol, especially at environmental levels, and the underlying mechanisms. This will facilitate the evaluation of potential hormetic effects and construction of adverse outcome pathways for environmental risk assessment and regulation of florfenicol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingying Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yongqi Tong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xintong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Can Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Ping Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jiezhang Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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Zhang T, Wang X, Zhang Q, Yang D, Zhang X, Liu H, Wang Q, Dong Z, Zhao J. Interactive effects of multiple antibiotic residues and ocean acidification on physiology and metabolome of the bay scallops Argopecten irradians irradians. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168941. [PMID: 38056652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Coastal areas are confronted with compounding threats arising from both climatic and non-climatic stressors. Antibiotic pollution and ocean acidification are two prevalently concurrent environmental stressors. Yet their interactive effects on marine biota have not been investigated adequately and the compound hazard remain obscure. In this study, bay scallops Argopecten irradians irradians were exposed to multiple antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, norfloxacin, and erythromycin, each at a concentration of 1 μg/L) combined with/without acidic seawater (pH 7.6) for 35 days. The single and interactive effects of the two stressors on A. irradians irradians were determined from multidimensional bio-responses, including energetic physiological traits as well as the molecular underpinning (metabolome and expressions of key genes). Results showed that multiple antibiotics predominantly enhanced the process of DNA repair and replication via disturbing the purine metabolism pathway. This alternation is perhaps to cope with the DNA damage induced by oxidative stress. Ocean acidification mainly disrupted energy metabolism and ammonia metabolism of the scallops, as evidenced by the increased ammonia excretion rate, the decreased O:N ratio, and perturbations in amino acid metabolism pathways. Moreover, the antagonistic effects of multiple antibiotics and ocean acidification caused alternations in the relative abundance of neurotransmitter and gene expression of neurotransmitter receptors, which may lead to neurological disorders in scallops. Overall, the revealed alternations in physiological traits, metabolites and gene expressions provide insightful information for the health status of bivalves in a natural environmental condition under the climate change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Dinglong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Zhijun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China.
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Zheng T, Wang P, Hu B, Wang X, Ma J, Liu C, Li D. Gross yield driving the mass fluxes of fishery drugs: Evidence of occurrence from full aquaculture cycle in lower Yangtze River Basin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166581. [PMID: 37634728 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Expanding aquaculture has generated pollutants like fishery drugs in wastewater, which affects the aquatic environments and hinders sustainable development of aquaculture. To evaluate the occurrence, mass fluxes and production factors of fishery drugs in aquaculture, full-aquaculture-cycle monitoring in finfish and crustacean wastewater was conducted in the lower Yangtze River Basin, and 28 pesticides and 15 antibiotics were detected. The results showed that individual fishery drugs varied from ppt to ppb levels. Among them, sulfonamides were dominant with a mean concentration of 105.95 ± 4.13 ng·L-1 in finfish aquacultural wastewater, and insecticides were prevailing in crustacean aquacultural wastewater with a content of 146.56 ± 0.66 ng·L-1. Since the susceptibility to finfish disease determined the aquaculture practice, there were significant differences between two types of aquacultural wastewater. Finfish aquacultural wastewater contained more drugs and reached peak earlier in rapid-growth period, yet crustacean aquacultural wastewater peaked at the harvest period, to prevent against disease. Meanwhile, higher ecological risk, especially for florfenicol, were found in finfish wastewater. With 6 production factors from Good Aquaculture Practice, the gross yield was the most influential factor of drug mass flux, explaining 98 % variance by stepwise regression. Apart from increasing concentrations of fishery drugs in wastewater, regional high-yield aquaculture also significantly impacted the corresponding mass flux. As estimated by linear regression, 1.63 tons of target drugs would be discharged by 1 Mt. aquatic products, and 7.77 tons were discharged from aquaculture in the lower Yangtze River Basin in 2021. This is the first report to quantify mass fluxes of fishery drugs and to highlight gross yield as the most influential factor, which provides guidance for the supervision and regulation of sustainable aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jingjie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Chongchong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Dingxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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Li Z, Lu T, Li M, Mortimer M, Guo LH. Direct and gut microbiota-mediated toxicities of environmental antibiotics to fish and aquatic invertebrates. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138692. [PMID: 37059203 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of antibiotics in the environment has ecological impacts that have received less attention than the human health risks of antibiotics, although the effects could be far-reaching. This review discusses the effects of antibiotics on the health of fish and zooplankton, manifesting in direct or dysbiosis-mediated physiological impairment. Acute effects of antibiotics in these organism groups are usually induced at high concentrations (LC50 at ∼100-1000 mg/L) that are not commonly present in aquatic environments. However, when exposed to sub-lethal, environmentally relevant levels of antibiotics (ng/L-μg/L) disruption of physiological homeostasis, development, and fecundity can occur. Antibiotics at similar or lower concentrations can induce dysbiosis of gut microbiota which can affect the health of fish and invertebrates. We show that the data about molecular-level effects of antibiotics at low exposure concentrations are limited, hindering environmental risk assessment and species sensitivity analysis. Fish and crustaceans (Daphnia sp.) were the two groups of aquatic organisms used most often for antibiotic toxicity testing, including microbiota analysis. While low levels of antibiotics impact the composition and function of gut microbiota in aquatic organisms, the correlation and causality of these changes to host physiology are not straightforward. In some cases, negative or lack of correlation have occurred, and, unexpectedly, gut microbial diversity has been unaffected or increased upon exposure to environmental levels of antibiotics. Efforts to incorporate functional analyses of gut microbiota are beginning to provide valuable mechanistic information, but more data is needed for ecological risk assessment of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China; Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Tingyu Lu
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China; Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Minjie Li
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China; College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Monika Mortimer
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China; College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China.
| | - Liang-Hong Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China; College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China.
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9
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Li T, Jin M, Huang L, Zhang Y, Zong J, Shan H, Kang H, Xu M, Liu H, Zhao Y, Cao Q, Jiang J. Oxytetracycline-induced oxidative liver damage by disturbed mitochondrial dynamics and impaired enzyme antioxidants in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106616. [PMID: 37348385 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC), a commonly used tetracycline antibiotic in aquaculture, has been found to cause significant damage to the liver of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). This study revealed that OTC can lead to severe histopathological damage, structural changes at the cellular level, and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in M. salmoides. Meanwhile, OTC impairs the activities of antioxidant enzyme (such as T-SOD, CAT, GST, GR) by suppressing the activation of MAPK/Nrf2 pathway. OTC disrupts mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy through via PINK1/Parkin pathway. The accumulation of damaged mitochondria, combined with the inhibition of the antioxidant enzyme system, contributes to elevated ROS levels and oxidative liver damage in M. salmoides. Further investigations demonstrated that an enzyme-treated soy protein (ETSP) dietary supplement can help maintain mitochondrial dynamic balance by inhibiting the PINK1/Parkin pathway and activate the MAPK/Nrf2 pathway to counteract oxidative damage. In summary, these findings highlight that exposure to OTC disrupts mitochondrial dynamics and inhibits the antioxidant enzyme system, ultimately exacerbating oxidative liver damage in M. salmoides. We propose the use of a dietary supplement as a preventive measure against OTC-related side effects, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms of antibiotic toxicity in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Min Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lishi Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiali Zong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongying Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Man Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Quanquan Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;.
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;.
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10
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Sovierzoski JCF, Severino MA, Ribas E, Gomes MF, Rocha Martins LR, Ramsdorf WA. Biomarkers activity in Oreochromis niloticus under sub-chronic exposure to a UV filters ternary mixture. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 331:138756. [PMID: 37146775 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of organic UV filters in aquatic ecosystems and living organisms raises concern. For the first time, biochemical biomarkers were evaluated in the liver and brain of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus exposed to 0.001 and 0.5 mg L-1 of a benzophenone-3 (BP-3), octyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC), and octocrylene (OC) mixture for 29 days. Before the exposure, the stability of these UV filters was investigated using liquid chromatography. The experiment with aeration in the aquarium showed a high percentage of concentration reduction (%) after 24 h: 62 ± 2 for BP-3, 96 ± 6 for EHMC, and 88 ± 2 for OC versus 5 ± 4 for BP-3, 8 ± 7 for EHMC, and 2 ± 3 for OC when without aeration. These results defined the bioassay protocol. The stability of the filters concentrations after being stored in PET flasks and subjected to freezing and thawing cycles was also verified. In PET bottles, the BP-3, EHMC, and OC presented concentration reductions of 8 ± 1, 28 ± 7 and 25 ± 5 respectively, after 96 h storage and four freezing cycles. In falcon tubes the concentration reductions observed were 47 ± 2 for BP-3, >95 ± 1 for EHMC and 86 ± 2 for OC after 48 h and two cycles. The 29 days of sub-chronic exposure indicated the occurrence of oxidative stress through the enhanced lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels for the groups exposed to both bioassay concentrations. The catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities did not show significant alterations. The genetic adverse effects were analyzed in erythrocytes of fish exposed to 0.001 mg L-1 of the mixture by comet and micronucleus biomarkers and no significant damage was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Caroline Freire Sovierzoski
- Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Address Dep. Heitor Alencar Furtado, 5000, 81280-340, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio Severino
- Undergraduate Course of Technology in Environmental Processes, Federal University of Technology, Address Dep. Heitor Alencar Furtado, 5000, 81280-340, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Eberton Ribas
- Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Address Dep. Heitor Alencar Furtado, 5000, 81280-340, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Monike Felipe Gomes
- Graduate Program in Sciences - Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Address XV de Novembro, 1299, 80060-000, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucia Regina Rocha Martins
- Program in Urban Environmental Sustainability, Federal University of Technology, Address Dep. Heitor Alencar Furtado, 5000, 81280-340, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Algarte Ramsdorf
- Program in Urban Environmental Sustainability, Federal University of Technology, Address Dep. Heitor Alencar Furtado, 5000, 81280-340, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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11
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Wang F, Lu Y, Cao J. Dynamics impacts of oxytetracycline on growth performance, intestinal health and antibiotic residue of grouper in exposure and withdrawal treatment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114203. [PMID: 36279634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of oxytetracycline (OTC) on marine fish. Using juvenile pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂), we investigated the effects of 56 days dietary oxytetracycline (OTC; OTCD) exposure (80 mg/kg body weight/day) on fish growth performance, intestinal health and antibiotic residue. Meanwhile, the alteration of intestinal health status and antibiotic residue after 7 (O7) or 14 days (O14) OTC withdrawal treatment were explored. We also assessed the potential human health risks based on target hazard quotient (THQ). The results showed that OTC exposure had no effects on growth rate parameters but caused liver and intestine atrophy. OTC exposure impaired the intestinal health by distorting intestinal morphological features, inducing oxidative stress, repressing immune function, triggering NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response and apoptosis, while 7 days OTC withdrawal treatment improved intestinal health status and 14 days OTC withdrawal treatment further improved it. In addition, the order of OTC residue in tested tissues after OTC exposure was: liver > kidney > spleen > muscle > intestine. OTC residue was significantly decreased in all tissues along with the increasing of withdrawal treatment period. Adults and children consuming the edible tissues (muscle) of OTC-treated or withdrawal-treated pearl gentian grouper would not experience any previous health risk as the THQ < 1 in all group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen 518210, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen 518210, China.
| | - Junming Cao
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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12
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Li X, Zhao F, Fu C, Yang Y, Xu Q, Hao Y, Shi X, Chen D, Bi X, Gong Z, Wu S, Zhang H. Early- and whole-life exposures to florfenicol disrupts lipid metabolism and induces obesogenic effects in zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136429. [PMID: 36115475 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Florfenicol (FF), a widely used veterinary antibiotic, has been frequently detected in both aquatic environments and human body fluids. As a result, there is a growing concern on its health risks. Previous studies have revealed various toxicities of FF on animals, while there are relatively limited researches on its metabolic toxicity. Herein, by employing zebrafish as an in vivo model, endpoints at multiple levels of biological organization were measured to investigate the metabolic toxicity, especially disturbances on lipid metabolism, of this emerging pollutant. Our results indicated that early-life exposure (from 2 h past fertilization (hpf) to 15 days past fertilization (dpf)) to FF significantly increased body mass index (BMI) values, staining areas of visceral lipids, and triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol (TC) contents of larvae. Further, by analyzing expression patterns of genes encoding key proteins regulating lipid metabolism, our data suggested that promoted intestinal absorption and hepatic de novo synthesis of lipids, suppressed TAG decomposition, and inhibited FFA oxidation all contributed to TAG accumulation in larvae. Following whole-life exposure (from 2 hpf to 120 dpf), BMI values, TAG and TC contents all increased significantly in males, and significant increases of hepatic TAG levels were also observed in females. Moreover, FF exposure interfered with lipid homeostasis of males and females in a gender-specific pattern. Our study revealed the obesogenic effects of FF at environmentally relevant concentrations (1, 10, and 100 μg/L) and therefore will benefit assessment of its health risks. Additionally, our results showed that FF exposure caused a more pronounced obesogenic effect in zebrafish larvae than adults, as suggested by significant increases of all endpoints at individual, tissular, and molecular levels in larvae. Therefore, our study also advances the application of zebrafish larval model in assessing metabolic toxicity of chemicals, due to the higher susceptibility of larvae than adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Fei Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China.
| | - Chen Fu
- Chengdu Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu 610072, PR China
| | - Yanyu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Qianru Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Yinfei Hao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Xueqing Shi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Dong Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Xuejun Bi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Zhilin Gong
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Shujian Wu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
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13
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Rutkoski CF, Grott SC, Israel NG, Carneiro FE, de Campos Guerreiro F, Santos S, Horn PA, Trentini AA, Barbosa da Silva E, Coelho de Albuquerque CA, Alves TC, Alves de Almeida E. Hepatic and blood alterations in Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles exposed to sulfamethoxazole and oxytetracycline. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136215. [PMID: 36041517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study the effects of environmentally realistic concentrations of the antibiotics sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and oxytetracyclyne (OTC) on Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles were evaluated, through the analyzes of the frequencies of micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes, alterations in leucocytes, liver histopathology, and changes in hepatic esterase activities and oxidative stress biomarkers. The animals were exposed for 16 days at concentrations of 0 (control), 20, 90 and 460 ng L-1. No significant difference was found in the frequencies of micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities. The two highest concentrations of SMX and all concentrations of OTC caused a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes. A significant decrease in the number of neutrophils compared to the control group was observed for all concentrations tested of both antibiotics. Also, decrease in the activity of glutathione S-transferase and high histopathological severity scores, indicating liver damage, were found in tadpoles exposed to the two highest concentrations of SMX and all concentrations of OTC. The main changes in the liver histopathology were the presence of inflammatory infiltrate, melanomacrophages, vascular congestion, blood cells and eosinophils. Esterase activities were unchanged. Indeed, the two highest concentrations of OTC caused a reduction in the activities of superoxide dismutase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, while the highest concentration inhibited the activity of glutathione peroxidase and increased protein carbonyl levels. These results evidences that environmentally realistic concentrations of SMX and OTC in aquatic environments are capable to significantly disrupt tadpoles' physiology, possibly affecting negatively their survival rate in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Fatima Rutkoski
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Suelen Cristina Grott
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicole Grasmuk Israel
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sabrina Santos
- Department of Natural Science, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Priscila Aparecida Horn
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Alves Trentini
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Caique Alves
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alves de Almeida
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil; Department of Natural Science, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
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14
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Bardhan A, Abraham TJ, Das R, Patil PK. Biological Responses of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus as Influenced by Dietary Florfenicol. TOXICS 2022; 10:571. [PMID: 36287851 PMCID: PMC9610182 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are used in the treatment of bacterial diseases in commercial aquaculture. In this study, we the biological responses of Oreochromis niloticus juveniles upon dietary florfenicol (FFC) administration at 15 mg (1×) and 45 mg kg biomass-1 day-1 (3×) for 10 days in terms of feed intake, survival, biomass, hematological, erythro-morphological, serum biochemical, and histopathological aberrations as compared with controls. FFC caused a dose-dependent reduction in feed intake, survival, and biomass, with marked variations in hematology, hematological indices, and erythrocytic cellular and nuclear abnormalities, suggesting its apparent cytotoxic and nucleotoxic effects. The serum biomarkers increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner, except for calcium and chloride, which decreased significantly. The therapeutic dose (1×) group exhibited marked histopathological aberrations, such as renal tubular epithelial degeneration and a widened lumen in the kidney, as well as glycogen-type vacuolation and cytoplasmic degeneration in the liver during the dosing period. The extent of kidney and liver tissue damage was more prominent in the 3× group. The 1× serum biomarker levels became normal, with the exception of alkaline phosphatase, within 3 weeks of suspension of dosing. The recovery of the measured parameters and histopathological and erythro-morphological changes suggested that the therapeutic dietary biological responses induced by FFC are reversible and safe for O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Bardhan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata 700094, India
| | - Thangapalam J. Abraham
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata 700094, India
| | - Ratnapriya Das
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata 700094, India
| | - Prasanna K. Patil
- Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, ICAR—Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai 600028, India
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15
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Shan J, Xiaoqian D, Xia L, Yu W, Zhilong Z, Zhihui S, Yanjie Q. Oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis induced by doxycycline in loach fin cells in vitro. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156379. [PMID: 35654185 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxicity, molecular function disorder, mitophagy, and apoptosis were studied in loach fin cells in vitro after exposure to doxycycline (DOX). The semi-lethal concentration of DOX in loach cells was calculated as 668.96 ± 2.83 mol/L. Loss of cell viability and increases in vacuoles and autolysosomes were evident in cells exposed to DOX at 200 and 400 μmol/L, and apoptotic bodies occurred at 600 μmol/L. In addition, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), Na+-K+-ATPase, and Ca2+-ATPase activities increased significantly in cells exposed to 200 μmol/L DOX, and dose-dependent inhibitory effects on activities were observed in cells exposed to 400 and 600 μmol/L DOX. Quantitative gene expression showed that 400 and 600 μmol/L DOX could induce caspase-3- and caspase-8-mediated apoptosis as well as caspase-activated DNase in loach cells. Transcriptome sequencing in DOX vs. control groups found 16,288 differentially expressed genes, among which protein binding (2633, 31.91%) was the most significant in Gene Ontology terms. Furthermore, 11,930 genes were enriched in 298 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)pathways. The top three upregulated pathways included "lysosome", "protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum", and "proteasome". FPKM analysis indicated that most genes associated with autophagy and in "protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum", "TNF signaling pathway", and "NF-kappa B signaling pathway" were upregulated. This suggests that at lower concentrations, DOX induces reactive oxidative species (ROS) in loach fin cells to reduce cell proliferation. ROS in turn stimulate oxidant stress, ion excretion capability and mitophagy to maintain cell homeostasis. Apoptosis was induced in cells subjected to higher concentrations of DOX. The transcriptome data and pathways determined in this study will provide a foundation for the analysis of DOX toxicity in loach cells, which must be examined thoroughly to further understand the cytotoxic mechanism of antibiotics in fish cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Shan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resource Restoration and Habitat Reparation in Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ding Xiaoqian
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resource Restoration and Habitat Reparation in Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Li Xia
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resource Restoration and Habitat Reparation in Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resource Restoration and Habitat Reparation in Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zheng Zhilong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resource Restoration and Habitat Reparation in Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shi Zhihui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resource Restoration and Habitat Reparation in Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qin Yanjie
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resource Restoration and Habitat Reparation in Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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16
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Shi F, Huang Y, Yang M, Lu Z, Li Y, Zhan F, Lin L, Qin Z. Antibiotic-induced alternations in gut microflora are associated with the suppression of immune-related pathways in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Front Immunol 2022; 13:970125. [PMID: 36032163 PMCID: PMC9403240 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.970125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota play a vital role in fish health homeostasis. Antibiotics are known to alter microbial community composition and diversity; however, the substantial effects of antibiotics upon the gut microbiome with respect to immune-related pathways in healthy fish remain unclear. Accordingly, here we explored the impact of two antibiotics on the intestinal health, immune response, microbiome dynamics, and transcriptome profiles of grass carp. A two-week feeding trial was carried out in which the basal diet was complemented with enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg) or florfenicol (10 mg/kg). The results showed that: (1) Enrofloxacin and florfenicol both induced intestinal oxidative stress and reduced the digestive enzyme activity of grass carp. (2) High-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed that enrofloxacin but not the florfenicol treatment influenced gut microbiota diversity in grass carp by shifting α/β-diversity with more abundant pathogens detected. (3) Transcriptome profiling demonstrated that florfenicol down-regulated the immune-related pathways of grass carp, and the network analysis revealed that IgA was negatively correlated with certain pathogens, such as Shewanella and Aeromonas. (4) Antibiotic-induced alternations of gut core microbes were revealed via immune-related transcripts, as were lower mRNA expression levels of mucosal-related genes. (5) Apoptosis and histopathological changes were detected in the enrofloxacin- and florfenicol-treated groups compared with the control group. Overall, administering antibiotics will promote oxidative stress, cause intestinal flora dysbiosis, inhibit the mucosal immune system, and induce apoptosis in grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Lin
- *Correspondence: Li Lin, ; Zhendong Qin,
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17
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Peng C, Liang JF, Jiang LF, Deng HY, Liang K, Zhang BB, Lin JJ, Yi YT, Chen PY, Chen YM, Cai WY, Chen GY, Ye QX, Chen Z, Chen X. Carboxylated fluorescent microsphere based immunochromatographic test strip enabled sensitive and quantitative on-site detection for florfenicol in eggs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114946. [PMID: 35882177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Florfenicol (FF), used popularly in prevention and treatment of virus infections in livestock and poultry, has widely been found in eggs and harmful to human health. In this work, a sensitive and quantitative on-site detecting solution, monoclonal antibody-based carboxylated fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic test strip assay (FM-ICTS), is design and applied for FF detection. The proposed method can sensitively detect FF in low detection limit of 0.030 ng/g and quantitatively measure its concentration from 0.1 ng/mL to 8.1 ng/mL (R2 = 0.9991) with high repeatability (CV<8.0 %). In addition, the established FM-ICTS method exhibited high measurement accuracy in FF samples as compared with HPLC-MS analysis and demonstrated satisfied recoveries (99.1-101.3 %). More importantly, the quantitative FF test strip demonstrate ultra-high stability, which presents approximately equivalent detection ability to the fresh one after stored at 4 °C for more than one year or stored at 37 °C for 60 days. Therefore, the proposed method is a promising solution for rapidly and sensitively quantitative determination of FF in eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jun-Fa Liang
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lin-Feng Jiang
- Guangdong Dayuan Oasis Food Safety Technology Co., LTD, PR China
| | - Huang-Yi Deng
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ke Liang
- Guangdong Dayuan Oasis Food Safety Technology Co., LTD, PR China
| | - Bin-Bin Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jia-Jian Lin
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yun-Ting Yi
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Pei-Yi Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yue-Ming Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei-Yi Cai
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Gui-Yun Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qiu-Xiong Ye
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Zhenzhong Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Xuncai Chen
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Kucharski D, Nałęcz-Jawecki G, Drzewicz P, Skowronek A, Mianowicz K, Strzelecka A, Giebułtowicz J. The assessment of environmental risk related to the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in bottom sediments of the Odra River estuary (SW Baltic Sea). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154446. [PMID: 35283119 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of 130 pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in sediments collected from 70 sampling sites in the Odra River estuary (SW Baltic Sea) was investigated. The highest concentration levels of the compounds were found in the vicinity of effluent discharge from two main Szczecin wastewater treatment plants: "Pomorzany" and "Zdroje", and nearby the seaport and shipyard. The highest environmental risks (RQ > 1) were observed for pseudoephedrine (RQ = 14.0), clindamycin (RQ = 7.3), nalidixic acid (RQ = 3.8), carbamazepine (RQ = 1.8), fexofenadine (RQ = 1.4), propranolol (RQ = 1.1), and thiabendazole (RQ = 1.1). RQ for each compound varied depending on the sampling sites. High environmental risk was observed in 30 sampling sites for clindamycin, 22 sampling sites for pseudoephedrine, 19 sampling sites for nalidixic acid, 4 sampling sites for carbamazepine, and 3 sampling sites for fexofenadine. The medium environmental risk (0.1 < RQ < 1) was observed for 16 compounds: amisulpride, amitriptyline, amlodipine, atropine, bisoprolol, chlorpromazine, lincomycin, metoprolol, mirtazapine, moclobemide, ofloxacin, oxazepam, tiapride, tolperisone, verapamil, and xylometazoline. Due to the scarcity of toxicological data related to benthic organisms, only an approximate assessment of the environmental risk of PhACs is possible. Nevertheless, the compounds with medium and high risk should be considered as pollutants of high environmental concern whose occurrence in the environment should remain under close scrutiny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Kucharski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Drzewicz
- Polish Geological Institute-National Research Institute, Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Skowronek
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16a, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Mianowicz
- Interoceanmetal Joint Organization, Cyryla i Metodego 9, 71-541 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Strzelecka
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16a, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Giebułtowicz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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Chavarria-Pizarro T, Resl P, Kuhl-Nagel T, Janjic A, Fernandez Mendoza F, Werth S. Antibiotic-Induced Treatments Reveal Stress-Responsive Gene Expression in the Endangered Lichen Lobaria pulmonaria. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060625. [PMID: 35736108 PMCID: PMC9225190 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are primarily found in the environment due to human activity, which has been reported to influence the structure of biotic communities and the ecological functions of soil and water ecosystems. Nonetheless, their effects in other terrestrial ecosystems have not been well studied. As a result of oxidative stress in organisms exposed to high levels of antibiotics, genotoxicity can lead to DNA damage and, potentially, cell death. In addition, in symbiotic organisms, removal of the associated microbiome by antibiotic treatment has been observed to have a big impact on the host, e.g., corals. The lung lichen Lobaria pulmonaria has more than 800 associated bacterial species, a microbiome which has been hypothesized to increase the lichen's fitness. We artificially exposed samples of L. pulmonaria to antibiotics and a stepwise temperature increase to determine the relative effects of antibiotic treatments vs. temperature on the mycobiont and photobiont gene expression and the viability and on the community structure of the lichen-associated bacteria. We found that the mycobiont and photobiont highly reacted to different antibiotics, independently of temperature exposure. We did not find major differences in bacterial community composition or alpha diversity between antibiotic treatments and controls. For these reasons, the upregulation of stress-related genes in antibiotic-treated samples could be caused by genotoxicity in L. pulmonaria and its photobiont caused by exposure to antibiotics, and the observed stress responses are reactions of the symbiotic partners to reduce damage to their cells. Our study is of great interest for the community of researchers studying symbiotic organisms as it represents one of the first steps to understanding gene expression in an endangered lichen in response to exposure to toxic environments, along with dynamics in its associated bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Chavarria-Pizarro
- Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Menzingerstraße 67, 80638 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.C.-P.); (S.W.)
| | - Philipp Resl
- Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Menzingerstraße 67, 80638 Munich, Germany;
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Theresa Kuhl-Nagel
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Network Biology (INET), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Aleksandar Janjic
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany;
| | | | - Silke Werth
- Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Menzingerstraße 67, 80638 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.C.-P.); (S.W.)
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20
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Bardhan A, Abraham TJ, Singha J, Saha S, Sarker S, Patil PK. The effects of extended feeding of florfenicol coated medicated diets on the safety, serum biomarkers and blood cells morphology of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:39914-39927. [PMID: 35112251 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18418-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tilapia is one of the most consumed farmed fish, which requires the use of antibiotics in certain phases of its production. This study assessed the safety of 30 days of oral florfenicol (FFC) dosing at 0-10 times the therapeutic dose (1 × : 10 mg/kg biomass/day) in Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. Behavioural changes, feed consumption, mortality and biomass were evaluated. Besides, the levels of serum glucose, calcium, chloride, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and blood cell morphology were determined at scheduled intervals. The 30 days of oral FFC dosing caused 3.33% (1 ×) to 18.33% (10 ×) mortalities, reduced feed intake and biomass in a dose-dependent manner. The fish fed the therapeutic dose recorded 1.25-fold increase in biomass, while the control group recorded 1.45-fold increase in 30 days. No significant erythrocyte morphological alterations were observed in the 1 × group compared to the control. However, marked morphological alterations like tear-shaped, spindle-shaped and degenerative erythrocytes in higher dosing groups indicated FFC cytotoxicity. All the serum biomarkers of O. niloticus increased significantly on day 10 and day 30 FFC dosing in a dose-dependent manner, except for calcium and chloride, which reduced significantly during the dosing period. Within 2 weeks of suspension of FFC dosing, the serum biomarker levels became normal except for alkaline phosphatase and creatinine. The recovery of biomass, feed intake, serum biomarker levels and erythrocyte morphological changes suggested that the FFC-induced changes are reversible. This study has, thus, proclaimed the safety of FFC at the therapeutic dose in O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Bardhan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700094, West Bengal, India
| | - Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700094, West Bengal, India.
| | - Jasmine Singha
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700094, West Bengal, India
| | - Suchismita Saha
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700094, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudeshna Sarker
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700094, West Bengal, India
| | - Prasanna Kumar Patil
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, Raja Annamalai Puram, Chennai, 600028, Tamil Nadu, India
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21
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Ahmad A, Kurniawan SB, Abdullah SRS, Othman AR, Hasan HA. Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in aquaculture effluent: Insight into breeding and rearing activities, alarming impacts, regulations, performance of wastewater treatment unit and future approaches. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133319. [PMID: 34922971 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of aquaculture products and effluents by contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) from the direct chemical use in aquaculture activities or surrounding industries is currently an issue of increasing concern as these CECs exert acute and chronic effects on living organisms. CECs have been detected in aquaculture water, sediment, and culture species, and antibiotics, antifoulants, and disinfectants are the commonly detected groups. Through accumulation, CECs can reside in the tissue of aquaculture products and eventually consumed by humans. Currently, effluents containing CECs are discharged to the surrounding environment while producing sediments that eventually contaminate rivers as receiving bodies. The rearing (grow-out) stages of aquaculture activities are issues regarding CECs-contamination in aquaculture covering water, sediment, and aquaculture products. Proper regulations should be imposed on all aquaculturists to control chemical usage and ensure compliance to guidelines for appropriate effluent treatment. Several techniques for treating aquaculture effluents contaminated by CECs have been explored, including adsorption, wetland construction, photocatalysis, filtration, sludge activation, and sedimentation. The challenges imposed by CECs on aquaculture activities are discussed for the purpose of obtaining insights into current issues and providing future approaches for resolving associated problems. Stakeholders, such as researchers focusing on environment and aquaculture, are expected to benefit from the presented results in this article. In addition, the results may be useful in establishing aquaculture-related CECs regulations, assessing toxicity to living biota, and preventing pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmi Ahmad
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Polytechnic Education and Community College, Ministry of Higher Education, 62100, Putrajaya, Malaysia.
| | - Setyo Budi Kurniawan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Razi Othman
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hassimi Abu Hasan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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22
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Investigation of genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and cytotoxicity in erythrocytes of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after fluoxetine exposure. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:588-596. [PMID: 35392157 PMCID: PMC8980867 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoxetine (FLX) is an antidepressant that is increasingly being detected in aquatic environments. However, this contaminated FLX can affect aquatic organisms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic potential of FLX on erythrocytes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after acute exposure. Fish were exposed to different concentrations of FLX (10, 100 and 1000 µg/L) for 96 h. Then, the condition factor (K value) was used to assess the general fish condition. The genotoxicity was investigated using a comet assay, and the mutagenicity was examined using micronucleus (MN) and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) assays. In addition, the cytotoxicity was analyzed by erythrocyte morphometry and erythrocyte maturity index (EMI). The results showed that FLX did not affect the fish’s health. Nevertheless, 100 and 1000 µg/L FLX significantly increased DNA damage. Furthermore, a higher concentration of FLX presented a significantly increased frequency of MNs and ENAs, also leading to changes in some erythrocyte morphometric indices and significantly decreased mature erythrocytes. In conclusion, our results indicate that FLX induces genotoxic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic effects in erythrocytes of O. niloticus.
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23
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Lourido M, Peluso J, Aronzon CM. Lethal and sublethal effects of the emerging contaminant oxytetracycline on the embryo-larval development of Rhinella arenarum. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 89:103783. [PMID: 34896275 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC) is commonly used in animal production and can enter aquatic ecosystems, causing adverse effects on non-target species. The aim of this work was to evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of OTC on the embryonic and larval period of Rhinella arenarum, through standardized bioassays and oxidative stress (catalase-CAT-, superoxide dismutase-SOD-, glutathione S-transferase-GST-, reduced glutathione-GSH- and lipid peroxidation-TBARS-), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase-AChE- and butyrylcholinesterase-BChE-) and genotoxicity (micronuclei test) biomarkers. Mortality was time and stage dependent, being the embryos (504 h-LC50 = 64.04 mg/L) more sensitive than the larvae (504 h-LC50 = 97.74 mg/L). Alterations in the oxidative stress biomarkers were observed mainly in larvae: CAT, SOD and GST decreased and GSH increased significantly. In embryos, only GST decreased significantly. Also, OTC increased the AChE and BChE activities but did not increase the micronuclei frequency. This study shows evidence that the presence of OTC in the environment may have negative effects on amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Lourido
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, IIIA, CONICET-UNSAM, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, C.P. 1650 San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Peluso
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, IIIA, CONICET-UNSAM, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, C.P. 1650 San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Argentina
| | - Carolina M Aronzon
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, IIIA, CONICET-UNSAM, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, C.P. 1650 San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Argentina.
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24
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In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of S-(-)-Limonene and R-(+)-Limonene against Fish Bacteria. FISHES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes6030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Brazilian fish farming goes together with the emergence of numerous bacterial diseases, with Aeromonas hydrophila being the main bacterial pathogen. As a consequence, antimicrobials are excessively used. Considering that antimicrobials are relatively stable and nonbiodegradable, medicinal plants and their phytochemicals have been used as alternative treatments of bacteriosis in fish farming. Limonene is a monoterpene available in two enantiomers: R-(+)-limonene and S-(-)-limonene. This study analyzed the antibacterial activity of the phytochemicals S-(-)-limonene and R-(+)-limonene against some bacteria isolated from silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Furthermore, by means of spectrophotometry and atomic force microscopy, we also investigated the combination therapy of phytochemicals with antimicrobials and their activity in terms of inhibiting biofilm formation. Six clinical isolates and a standard strain were selected for antimicrobial activity testing. Biofilm formation was tested in 96-well plates and nylon cubes. The most sensitive of the strains tested was the A. hydrophila strain (MF 372510). S-(-)-limonene and R-(+)-limonene had high minimum inhibitory concentrations; however, they strongly inhibited A. hydrophila biofilm formation. R-(+)-limonene and S-(-)-limonene had an additive effect when combined with florfenicol and an antagonistic effect with oxytetracycline. In general, the phytochemicals tested showed strong antibiofilm activity against A. hydrophila, and when in combination therapy with florfenicol, they showed an additive effect against the treatment of A. hydrophila.
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25
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Gusso D, Altenhofen S, Fritsch PM, Rübensam G, Bonan CD. Oxytetracycline induces anxiety-like behavior in adult zebrafish. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 426:115616. [PMID: 34102243 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is one of the broad-spectrum antibiotics widely used for the treatment of fish-farm infection. Considering that behavior is directly related to reproduction, individual fitness, and survival, it is important to evaluate the impact of antibiotics on the behavioral repertoire in fish. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) presents a well-described behavioral repertoire to reliably demonstrate complex responses to chemical compound exposure. This work aims to identify the role of OTC in comprehensive behavioral parameters and whole-body cortisol levels in adult zebrafish. Here we report that OTC exposure (10, 20, and 100 mg/L) induces an anxiogenic-like phenotype in the novel tank test. OTC exposure also changes the behavior of social interaction with a shoal of unknown zebrafish - characterized as a stimulus group. Zebrafish exposed to OTC (10 mg/L) remains a longer period in the stimulus zone when compared to the control group. Clonazepam (0.006 mg/L) was able to reverse anxiogenic-like behavior and the changes in social behavior induced by OTC. We also demonstrated that cortisol levels were significantly decreased after exposure to OTC (10, 20, and 100 mg/L), which were not reversed by clonazepam. These findings highlight the growing utility of zebrafish as a model to understand the impact of antibiotics on behavior and their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlan Gusso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefani Altenhofen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pâmella Moreira Fritsch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rübensam
- Centro de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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26
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Neha R, Adithya S, Jayaraman RS, Gopinath KP, M P, L P, Arun J. Nano-adsorbents an effective candidate for removal of toxic pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous environment: A critical review on emerging trends. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129852. [PMID: 33581563 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in medical research has resulted in the modernization of healthcare facilities, subsequently leading to a higher level of production and usage of pharmaceuticals to sustain better quality of life. Pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) possess high genotoxicity and eco-toxicity thus presenting numerous side effects to living beings on long-term exposure. The fate and toxicity of PhACs were explored in detail, aiming to elucidate their occurrence and transmission in wastewater treatment systems (WWTPs). Adsorption of pharmaceutical compounds using Nano-adsorbents has gained momentum in recent years owing to their low-cost, high surface area and effectiveness. This review has been conducted in order to widen the utilization of Nano adsorbents in the adsorption of pharmaceutical compounds with a focus on the aqueous environment. The synthesis routes and properties of Nano-adsorbents for removal of PhACs were assessed in a comprehensive way. The recovery and reuse ability of nano-adsorbents also forms an integral part of its application in the removal of PhACs and has hence been delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Neha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srikanth Adithya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramesh Sai Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandimadevi M
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM-Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Praburaman L
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jayaseelan Arun
- Centre for Waste Management, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Crescenzo G, Tinelli A, Centoducati G, Zizzadoro C, Leone R, Piccinno M, Lai O. Residue depletion and histopathological alterations in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) after oral administration of oxytetracycline. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2021.1921779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Crescenzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Antonella Tinelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Gerardo Centoducati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Claudia Zizzadoro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Rosa Leone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Piccinno
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Olimpia Lai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
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28
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Zhou W, Tang Y, Du X, Han Y, Shi W, Sun S, Zhang W, Zheng H, Liu G. Fine polystyrene microplastics render immune responses more vulnerable to two veterinary antibiotics in a bivalve species. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 164:111995. [PMID: 33493858 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.111995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Living in close proximity to the sediment of coastal areas, bivalves may be exposed to veterinary antibiotic residuals and microplastics (MPs) simultaneously. However, the immunotoxic impacts of veterinary antibiotics remain unknown in bivalves, let alone their interactions with MPs. Therefore, the immune responses of two representative veterinary antibiotics, oxytetracycline and florfenicol, was investigated in a bivalve species, the blood clam (Tegillarca granosa). The effects of the copresence of MPs on the immune responses triggered by these antibiotics were also analyzed. Results showed that exposure to antibiotics investigated led to significant alteration in hematic parameters and reduction in lectin content in serum. In addition to inducing ROS production, aggravating lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, and suppressing the hemocyte viability, antibiotic treatments also downregulated the expression of immune- and detoxification-related genes but upregulated apoptosis-related Caspase-3. Furthermore, the toxic impacts of antibiotics were found to be significantly increased by the copresence of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Tang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xueying Du
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Han
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shuge Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weixia Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Huoqing Zheng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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Galter IN, Duarte ID, Malini M, Aragão FB, de Oliveira Martins I, Rocha LD, Carneiro MTWD, do Espírito Santo KS, de Oliveira David JA, Matsumoto EST. Water assessment of the Itapemirim River/Espírito Santo (Brazil): abiotic and toxicogenetic aspects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10175-10191. [PMID: 33170467 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Itapemirim River is considered one of the most important water resources in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. However, environmental problems due to continuous anthropogenic contamination are threatening its potential use. This study assessed water quality by analyzing abiotic and toxicogenetic aspects of the water from four stations along the river. Samples were collected in both dry and rainy seasons. Most of the abiotic variables were below the threshold established by CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005, and so were most of the metals. However, Al and Cu contents were above those allowed by legislation, ranging from 0.2 to 0.9 mg/L. Regarding toxicogenetic aspects, genotoxic effects were observed in meristematic cells of Allium cepa, in micronucleus test and comet assay of Oreochromis niloticus, and CHO-K1 cells. Mutagenic effects were significant at RI 02 (0.34), RI 03 (0.46), and RI 04 (0.12) stations on the first campaign in A. cepa F1 cells, compared to the negative control (0.0). The second campaign revealed the same results, but with the addition of samples from RI 01 (0.17) and RI 03 (0.18) showing mutagenicity in the micronucleus test with fish erythrocytes when compared to the negative control (0.3). Essentially, all the samples evaluated in both campaigns showed damage in A. cepa, O. niloticus, and CHO-K1 cells, thus demonstrating that the water quality of the Itapemirim River is compromised and requires action plans for its recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iasmini Nicoli Galter
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Breeding, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário Street, without number, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Ian Drumond Duarte
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Maressa Malini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Francielen Barroso Aragão
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Ian de Oliveira Martins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Lívia Dorch Rocha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | | | - Kamila Soares do Espírito Santo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - José Augusto de Oliveira David
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário Street, without number, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - E Silvia Tamie Matsumoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Brazil
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Shiroma LS, Soares MP, Cardoso IL, Ishikawa MM, Jonsson CM, Nascimento Queiroz SC. Evaluation of health and environmental risks for juvenile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to florfenicol. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05716. [PMID: 33364491 PMCID: PMC7750370 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive fish cultivation has a high incidence of infection, which is often controlled by administering antibiotics. Florfenicol (FF) is one of the two antimicrobial drugs permitted for aquaculture in Brazil. Due to their intensive use, potentially harmful effects on aquatic organisms are of great concern. In this sense, we investigated whether the presence of FF in cultivation water could change the health parameters of Nile tilapia. For this, we evaluated hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCHC) concentration, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), total plasma protein (TPP), number of circulating red blood cells and leukocytes, as lipid peroxidation levels, catalase activity and glutathione S-transferase activity of fish exposed to 11.72 mg L−1 of FF in water for 48 h. The fish were divided into two groups: Nile tilapia in water with FF or without FF (control). Exposure to FF in cultivation water for a short period didn't change the hematological variables analyzed, but caused changes in liver ROS (Reactive oxygen species) markers of the Nile tilapia, which was revealed by lipid peroxidation levels, catalase activity, and glutathione S-transferase. The 48h exposure period was enough to induce oxidative stress in hepatocytes, causing cellular oxidative damage. Therefore, the antibiotic florfenicol may cause toxicity to organisms and aquatic ecosystems, even at a sublethal concentrations near 1/100 LC50-48h for fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Sayuri Shiroma
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, POB 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Michelly Pereira Soares
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos -UFSCar/São Paulo State University, UNESP Campus Araraquara, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Israel Luz Cardoso
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos -UFSCar/São Paulo State University, UNESP Campus Araraquara, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Mayumi Ishikawa
- Embrapa Environment, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Rod. SP 340, Km 127,5, Caixa Postal 69, CEP: 13820-000, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio Martin Jonsson
- Embrapa Environment, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Rod. SP 340, Km 127,5, Caixa Postal 69, CEP: 13820-000, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
| | - Sonia Claudia Nascimento Queiroz
- Embrapa Environment, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Rod. SP 340, Km 127,5, Caixa Postal 69, CEP: 13820-000, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
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Effects of Oxytetracycline and Gentamicin Therapeutic Doses on Hematological, Biochemical and Hematopoietic Parameters in Cyprinus carpio Juveniles. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122278. [PMID: 33287184 PMCID: PMC7761691 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hematological, biochemical and hematopoietic effects of therapeutic doses of oxytetracycline (OTC) and gentamicin (GEN) in clinically healthy common carp juveniles were studied. The fish were divided into four groups: controls 1 and 2 (untreated or injected with 0.6% NaCl solution), and two groups treated with antibiotics (orally with OTC four times every two days or injected with a single dose of GEN dissolved in 0.6% NaCl). Blood and head kidneys were sampled from all fish 3 days post-treatments for hematological, biochemical and hematopoietic tissue analyses. The obtained results showed no considerable hematotoxicity or hepatotoxicity of therapeutic doses of OTC and GEN to carp. Abstract Hematological, biochemical and hematopoietic effects of therapeutic doses of two antibiotics, oxytetracycline (OTC) and gentamicin (GEN), in clinically healthy common carp juveniles were studied. The fish were divided into four groups: controls 1 and 2 (untreated or injected with 0.6% NaCl solution), and two groups treated with antibiotics (orally with 75 mg/kg OTC four times every two days or injected with a single dose (4 mg/kg) of GEN dissolved in 0.6% NaCl). Blood and head kidneys were sampled from all fish 3 days post-treatments for hematological, biochemical and hematopoietic tissue analyses. No major alterations in the values of hematological and serum biochemical parameters occurred following administration of OTC or GEN. Glucose concentrations were significantly lower in both groups of fish subjected to injections (Control 2 and GEN), while the oxidative metabolic activity of phagocytes increased in the antibiotic-treated groups (significantly in OTC). More alterations were observed in hematopoietic tissue. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that G caused a significant increase in the rate of cell proliferation (PCNA-positive cells) and an increase in the frequency of apoptotic cells (caspase-positive). The frequency of lymphoid lineage decreased, which was related to a decrease in the abundance of mature lymphocytes in GEN-treated fish. Percentages of neutrophilic lineage were significantly elevated in OTC and GEN groups compared to controls. The obtained results showed no considerable hematotoxicity or hepatotoxicity of therapeutic doses of OTC and GEN to carp.
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da Silva Pês T, Saccol EMH, Jerez-Cepa I, de Moraes Ourique G, Gilannejad N, Baldisserotto B, Martínez-Rodríguez G, Mancera JM, Pavanato MA. Quercetin attenuates endocrine and metabolic responses to oxytetracycline in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 238:108864. [PMID: 32781297 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify whether dietary quercetin protects against the detrimental effects induced by oxytetracycline (OTC) administration in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Fish were divided into different experimental groups that received OTC and/or quercetin, either during 14 or 21 days. To determine the endocrine system stress response, we have measured the brain mRNA expression levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh), proopiomelanocortins (pomca and pomcb) and some of the pituitary hormones (growth hormone [gh], somatolactin [sl], and prolactin [prl]). We have also quantified the levels of cortisol as well as some metabolites (glucose, glycogen, lactate, and triglycerides) in the plasma. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of hexokinase, phosphorylase (active GPase), fructose-biphosphatase (FBP), glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and gill Na+/K+-ATPase were measured. The results demonstrated that OTC activates the silver catfish stress response by increasing the plasma cortisol and decreasing the glucose levels at 14 and 21 days. Additionally, OTC also altered the fish hepatic metabolic status as demonstrated by an increase in triglycerides levels and the enzymatic activity of both FBP and GDH after 14 days. OTC also stimulated Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the gill after 14 days and altered the hypophyseal expression of gh (at 14 and 21 days) and prl (at 14 days). The co-treatment with 1.5 g of quercetin could prevent most of the alterations caused by OTC, strongly suggesting quercetin as a beneficial compound when added to the fish diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanise da Silva Pês
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Etiane Medianeira Hundertmarck Saccol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ismael Jerez-Cepa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Giovana de Moraes Ourique
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Neda Gilannejad
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (ICMAN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (ICMAN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Mancera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Maria Amália Pavanato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Qiu W, Fang M, Magnuson JT, Greer JB, Chen Q, Zheng Y, Xiong Y, Luo S, Zheng C, Schlenk D. Maternal exposure to environmental antibiotic mixture during gravid period predicts gastrointestinal effects in zebrafish offspring. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:123009. [PMID: 32526431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to overuse, misuse, and poor absorption during treatment, antibiotics are consistently released into the environment, raising concerns about their impacts on ecological sustainability and health. In this study we performed transcriptome profiling to assess potential reproductive effects of an antibiotic mixture in gravid female zebrafish. Gravid fish (150 dpf) were exposed to a mixture of 15 commonly detected antibiotics at 0, 1, and 100 μg/L for 4 weeks. Concentrations of all the 15 antibiotics, especially chlortetracycline, were detected in the F0 ovary and F1 eggs after treatment, indicating maternal transfer of antibiotics. Impaired F0 growth (average 2.2 % and 24.3 % inductions in body length and ovary weight, respectively), and reduced F1 offspring survival (average 4.2 % reductions in survival at 120 hpf) was observed after maternal exposure to the 100 μg/L treatment. Pathway analyses of whole-transcriptome expression profiles from F0 ovaries predicted colorectal disorders. Similarly, pathways of F1 larval transcriptomes from treated females also predicted colorectal disorders along with intestinal apoptosis and oxidative stress, which may be related to growth impairment. These results show that maternal transfer of antibiotics occurs in zebrafish, resulting in transgenerational changes in F1 offspring survival and transcription that predict adverse gastrointestinal effects in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Qiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Meijuan Fang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jason T Magnuson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Justin B Greer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Qiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shusheng Luo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chunmiao Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States.
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Mattioli CC, Chiste BM, Takeshita NA, Jonsson CM, Ferracini VL, Hisano H. Acute Toxicity and Risk Assessment of Florfenicol for Nile Tilapia Larvae. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:721-727. [PMID: 33033868 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-03013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50-96h), effective concentration (EC50-96h), risk assessment, and development of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus larvae submitted to florfenicol (FF) exposure. Fish (n = 147; 8.6 ± 0.6 mg; 7 fish/aquarium) were randomly distributed in 21 aquaria (1 L) and exposed to five concentrations of FF 58.73; 131.31; 198.96; 241.88 and 381.81 mg L-1 plus one control and a control with solvent, totalizing seven treatments and three replicates. The estimated median LC50-96h of FF for Nile tilapia larvae was 349.94 mg L-1. The EC50-96h of FF was 500 mg L-1 for weight reduction and was 1040 mg L-1 for length reduction. After the exposure period, final weight and length differed (p < 0.05) among treatments, showing the lowest biometric values with the highest concentrations of FF. The pH and dissolved oxygen were altered (p < 0.05) during the experimental period. The FF high doses used to determine the LC 50 after 96 h negatively affected the development of the larvae. On the other hand, through risk assessment analysis this antibiotic can be classified as low toxicity to Nile tilapia larvae and show low environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Campos Mattioli
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Environment, Rodovia SP 340, Km 127,5, C.P. 69, Jaguariúna, SP, 13918-110, Brazil
| | - Bruna Milke Chiste
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Environment, Rodovia SP 340, Km 127,5, C.P. 69, Jaguariúna, SP, 13918-110, Brazil
| | - Natalia Akemi Takeshita
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Environment, Rodovia SP 340, Km 127,5, C.P. 69, Jaguariúna, SP, 13918-110, Brazil
| | - Claudio Martin Jonsson
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Environment, Rodovia SP 340, Km 127,5, C.P. 69, Jaguariúna, SP, 13918-110, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Ferracini
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Environment, Rodovia SP 340, Km 127,5, C.P. 69, Jaguariúna, SP, 13918-110, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Hisano
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Environment, Rodovia SP 340, Km 127,5, C.P. 69, Jaguariúna, SP, 13918-110, Brazil.
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Yang C, Song G, Lim W. A review of the toxicity in fish exposed to antibiotics. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 237:108840. [PMID: 32640291 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are widely used in the treatment of human and veterinary diseases and are being used worldwide in the agriculture industry to promote livestock growth. However, a variety of antibiotics that are found in aquatic environments are toxic to aquatic organisms. Antibiotics are not completely removed by wastewater treatment plants and are therefore released into aquatic environments, which raises concern about the destruction of the ecosystem owing to their non-target effects. Since antibiotics are designed to be persistent and work steadily in the body, their chronic toxicity effects have been studied in aquatic microorganisms. However, research on the toxicity of antibiotics in fish at the top of the aquatic food chain is relatively poor. This paper summarizes the current understanding of the reported toxicity studies with antibiotics in fish, including zebrafish, to date. Four antibiotic types; quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and macrolides, which are thought to be genetically toxic to fish have been reported to bioaccumulate in fish tissues, as well as in aquatic environments such as rivers and surface water. The adverse effects of these antibiotics are known to cause damage to developmental, cardiovascular, and metabolic systems, as well as in altering anti-oxidant and immune responses, in fish. Therefore, there are serious concerns about the toxicity of antibiotics in fish and further research and strategies are needed to prevent them in different regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Bojarski B, Kot B, Witeska M. Antibacterials in Aquatic Environment and Their Toxicity to Fish. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13080189. [PMID: 32784912 PMCID: PMC7464759 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial agents are commonly present in aquatic environment at low concentrations. Terrestrial animal farms, human medicine and aquaculture are main sources of water contamination with antibacterials. Antibiotics were proved to be directly toxic to fish causing oxidative stress, general stress response, histopathological lesions, hematological, metabolic, and reproductive disorders, as well as immunosuppressive and genotoxic effects. Environmentally realistic low concentrations of antibiotics also disturb aquatic bacterial communities causing alterations in fish symbiotic microbiota and induce emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria by exerting selective pressure on spread of antibiotic-resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Bojarski
- Department of Zoology and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Kot
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland; (B.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Małgorzata Witeska
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland; (B.K.); (M.W.)
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37
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Chan-Cheng M, Cambronero-Heinrichs JC, Masís-Mora M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Ecotoxicological test based on inhibition of fungal laccase activity: Application to agrochemicals and the monitoring of pesticide degradation processes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110419. [PMID: 32182526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ecotoxicological evaluations require the use of assays with several bioindicators from different trophic levels. Only a few ecotoxicological tests using fungi have been developed, reason why, detection of adverse effects from compounds that exert fungicide action may be overlooked. This work developed a toxicity test based on the inhibition of laccase enzymatic activity in the fungus Trametes versicolor. The test was applied to several fungicides and succeeded to determine inhibition values (half maximum effective concentration, EC50) for most of them (flusilazole, imazalil, pyrimethanil, tetraconazole), though a clear dose-response was not evident for others (thiabendazole, metalaxyl). The application on atrazine (herbicide), imidacloprid (insecticide) and oxytetracycline (antibiotic), proved the proposed test is suitable towards other agrochemicals. The test was also used to estimate the detoxification resulting from two different approaches employed in the removal of agrochemicals. (a) First, in the liquid-phase elimination by fungal biomass simultaneously removing atrazine, imazalil, tebuconazole and triadimenol, the test showed a significant decrease in toxicity by biodegradation (adsorption contribution to detoxification was negligible). (b) Second, a solid-phase biomixture (used for pesticide degradation from agricultural wastewater) partially removed atrazine, imazalil, metalaxyl and pyrimethanil after 33 d; nonetheless, this system could not reduce the toxicity of the matrix, and higher laccase inhibition was detected after the treatment. The design test increases the battery of available bioassays to determine the toxicity of agrochemicals, and provides an interesting tool to monitor biodegradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Chan-Cheng
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Juan Carlos Cambronero-Heinrichs
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica; Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mario Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Carlos E Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica.
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38
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Qiu W, Hu J, Magnuson JT, Greer J, Yang M, Chen Q, Fang M, Zheng C, Schlenk D. Evidence linking exposure of fish primary macrophages to antibiotics activates the NF-kB pathway. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105624. [PMID: 32146265 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Low doses of antibiotics are ubiquitous in the marine environment and may exert negative effects on non-target aquatic organisms. Using primary macrophages of common carp, we investigated the mechanisms of action following exposure to several common antibiotics; cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, sulfamonomethoxine, and their mixtures, and explored the immunomodulatory effects associated with the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. A KEGG pathway analysis was conducted using the sixty-six differentially expressed genes found in all treatments, and showed that exposure to 100 μg/L of antibiotics could affect regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting that activation of NF-κB is a common response in all four classes of antibiotics. In addition, the four antibiotics induced nf-κb and NF-κB-associated cytokines expression, as verified by qPCR, however, these induction responses by four antibiotics were minor when compared to the same concentration of LPS treatment (100 μg/L). Antagonists of NF-κB blocked many of the immune effects of the antibiotics, providing evidence that NF-κB pathways mediate the actions of all four antibiotics. Moreover, exposure to environmentally relevant, low levels (0.01-100 μg/L) of antibiotics induced a NF-κB-mediated immune response, including endogenous generation of ROS, activity of antioxidant enzymes, as well as expression of cytokine and apoptosis. Moreover, exposure to mixtures of antibiotics presented greater effects on most tested immunological parameters than exposure to a single antibiotic, suggesting additive effects from multiple antibiotics in the environment. This study demonstrates that exposure of fish primary macrophages to low doses of antibiotics activates the NF-kB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Qiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jason T Magnuson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Justin Greer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Ming Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Qiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Meijuan Fang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chunmiao Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
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Hurtado L, Miranda CD, Rojas R, Godoy FA, Añazco MA, Romero J. Live Feeds Used in the Larval Culture of Red Cusk Eel, Genypterus chilensis, Carry High Levels of Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic-Resistance Genes (ARGs). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030505. [PMID: 32197370 PMCID: PMC7142716 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The culture of the marine fish red cusk eel Genypterus chilensis is currently considered a priority for Chilean aquaculture but low larval survival rates have prompted the need for the continuous use of antibiotics, mainly florfenicol. In this study, the role of live prey (rotifers and the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana) used to feed fish larvae as a source of antibacterial-resistant bacteria in a commercial culture of G. chilensis was investigated. Samples of live feeds were collected during the larval growth period and their bacterial contents were determined. High levels of potentially opportunistic pathogens, such as Vibrio spp., as well as florfenicol-resistant bacteria, were detected. Sixty-five florfenicol-resistant isolates were recovered from these cultures and identified as Vibrio (81.5%) and Pseudoalteromonas (15.4%), which exhibited a high incidence of co-resistance to the antibiotics streptomycin, oxytetracycline, co-trimoxazole, and kanamycin. The majority of them carried the florfenicol-resistance encoding genes floR and fexA. The high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the associated genetic elements in live feed administered to reared fish larvae requires the prompt implementation of efficient management strategies to prevent future therapy failures in fish larval cultures and the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to associated aquatic environments. Abstract The culture of red cusk eel Genypterus chilensis is currently considered a priority for Chilean aquaculture but low larval survival rates have prompted the need for the continuous use of antibacterials. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the role of live feed as a source of antibacterial-resistant bacteria in a commercial culture of G. chilensis. Samples of rotifer and Artemia cultures used as live feed were collected during the larval growth period and culturable bacterial counts were performed using a spread plate method. Rotifer and Artemia cultures exhibited high levels of resistant bacteria (8.03 × 104 to 1.79 × 107 CFU/g and 1.47 × 106 to 3.50 × 108 CFU/g, respectively). Sixty-five florfenicol-resistant isolates were identified as Vibrio (81.5%) and Pseudoalteromonas (15.4%) using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. A high incidence of resistance to streptomycin (93.8%), oxytetracycline (89.2%), co-trimoxazole (84.6%), and kanamycin (73.8%) was exhibited by resistant isolates. A high proportion of isolates (76.9%) carried the florfenicol-resistance encoding genes floR and fexA, as well as plasmid DNA (75.0%). The high prevalence of multiresistant bacteria in live feed increases the incidence of the resistant microbiota in reared fish larvae, thus proper monitoring and management strategies for live feed cultures appear to be a priority for preventing future therapy failures in fish larval cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Hurtado
- Programa Cooperativo de Doctorado en Acuicultura, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile;
| | - Claudio D. Miranda
- Laboratorio de Patobiología Acuática, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile;
- Centro AquaPacífico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-512209762
| | - Rodrigo Rojas
- Laboratorio de Patobiología Acuática, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile;
- Centro AquaPacífico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile
| | - Félix A. Godoy
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; (F.A.G.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mark A. Añazco
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; (F.A.G.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Jaime Romero
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Macul, Santiago 7810000, Chile;
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Xu C, Fan Y, Zhang X, Kong W, Miao W, Li QX. DNA damage in liver cells of the tilapia fish Oreochromis mossambicus larva induced by the insecticide cyantraniliprole at sublethal doses during chronic exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124586. [PMID: 31442775 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyantraniliprole can effectively control lepidopteran pests and has been used all over the world. In general, the risk of cyantraniliprole seems low for fish, but the toxicity selectivity among different fish species was not clear. Here the acute toxicity and chronic effects of cyantraniliprole to juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) were assessed. The results showed that 96 h LC50 of cyantraniliprole to tilapia was 38.0 mg/L. After exposed for 28 days, specific growth rates of the blank control, solution control, and the treatments of 0.037, 0.37 and 3.7 mg/L of cyantraniliprole were 1.14, 0.95, 0.93, 0.82 and 0.70% per day, respectively. The results of micronucleus experiment and single cell gel electrophoresis showed that cyantraniliprole damaged DNA in liver cells of tilapia larvae. Quantitative PCR results showed that cyantraniliprole could induce the up-regulation of Rpa 3 that is responsible for the DNA repair. The significantly down-regulation of Chk 2 gene was related to p53 pathway. It is therefore proposed that cyantraniliprole causes DNA damage in liver cells of tilapia and activates DNA damage and repair pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Yongmei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Weihao Kong
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Weiguo Miao
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
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Cessna AJ, Kuchta SL, Waiser M, Brua RB, Bailey J. Persistence of the antimicrobials lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and sulfamethazine in prairie wetlands. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2020; 49:236-245. [PMID: 33016366 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobials used in livestock production can be present in manure via excretion in the feces and/or urine. Application of raw or processed (composted or stockpiled) manure to crop and pasture land as a plant nutrient source can result in antimicrobial transport to surface waters via rainfall or snowmelt runoff. Little is known regarding antimicrobial persistence in aquatic ecosystems. Consequently, dissipation of environmentally relevant concentrations of three veterinary antimicrobials (lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and sulfamethazine) was studied in three wetlands on the Canadian Prairies. Study wetlands were fortified in the fall to simulate antimicrobial transport via rainfall runoff from fall manure applications to the wetland catchments. After fortification, water column concentrations of all three antimicrobials decreased through September and October. Plotting natural logarithm values of antimicrobial concentration against time resulted in linear relationships for all three antimicrobials, indicating that the summation of all dissipation processes for each antimicrobial could be described by first-order kinetics. The slopes of the three plots were significantly different, indicating that the order of dissipation was lincomycin < sulfamethazine < chlortetracycline. Consequently, the dissipation DT50 (time required for 50% antimicrobial dissipation) values for lincomycin (14.0 d), sulfamethazine (7.0 d), and chlortetracycline (3.3 d) were significantly different. The longer DT50 values of lincomycin and sulfamethazine suggest that environmentally relevant concentrations of these antimicrobials may affect bacterial production in prairie wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan J Cessna
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X2, Canada
| | - Sandra L Kuchta
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave. West, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Marley Waiser
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Hydrology Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada
| | - Robert B Brua
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Hydrology Research Centre, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada
| | - Jonathan Bailey
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Hydrology Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada
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Lei KH, Lai HT. Effects of sunlight, microbial activity, and temperature on the declines of antibiotic lincomycin in freshwater and saline aquaculture pond waters and sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33988-33994. [PMID: 30145759 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The residues of lincomycin (LIN), an antibiotic administered to aquatic animals, are often detected in aquatic environments. This study investigated effects of three environmental factors, sunlight, microbial activity, and temperature, on declines of spiked LIN in waters and sediment slurry samples collected from freshwater tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and marine shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture ponds. The results showed that sunlight, temperature, and microbial activity all accelerated LIN transformation in the water and slurry samples. In matrixes of all water and slurry samples, LIN transformation was significantly faster under light conditions [half-life (t1/2) = 24-53 days] than under dark conditions (t1/2 = 154-2897 days). Microbial activity also accelerated LIN transformation; the t1/2 of LIN was shorter after nonsterile treatment (t1/2 = 12-809 days) than after sterile treatment (t1/2 = 154-2897 days). Moreover, LIN transformation was faster at 28 °C (t1/2 = 18-38 days) than at 20 and 12 °C (t1/2 = 34 and 462 days, respectively) in both slurry samples. The results revealed that LIN transformation in aquaculture pond water and sediment was either slow or stagnant. Sunlight, microbial activity, and temperature can accelerate LIN transformation to reduce LIN residue levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Hou Lei
- Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, 300 University Rd, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Thih Lai
- Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, 300 University Rd, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan.
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Deepika MS, Thangam R, Vijayakumar TS, Sasirekha R, Vimala RTV, Sivasubramanian S, Arun S, Babu MD, Thirumurugan R. Antibacterial synergy between rutin and florfenicol enhances therapeutic spectrum against drug resistant Aeromonas hydrophila. Microb Pathog 2019; 135:103612. [PMID: 31252064 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria has necessitated the drive to explore competent antimicrobial agents or to develop novel formulations to treat infections including Aeromonas hydrophila. The present study investigates the synergistic antibacterial effects of citrus flavonoid rutin and florfenicol (FF) against A. hydrophila in vitro and in vivo. Rutin is extracted and purified from Citrus sinensis peel through preparative HPLC and characterized through TLC, GC-MS and 1H and 13C NMR analyses. Though rutin did not display significant antibacterial activity, it modulated FF activity resulting in four-fold reduction in the MIC value for FF. The anti-biofilm potential of synergistic association of rutin and FF was validated by protein analysis, quantification of exopolysaccharide (EPS) and microscopy studies using sub-MIC doses. Besides antibacterial action, in vivo studies showed that Rutin/FF combination enhanced host immunity by improving blood cell count, anti-protease, and lysozyme activities as well as decreased the oxidative stress and the pathological changes of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus against A. hydrophila infection. No significant DNA damages or clastogenic effects were detected in tilapia challenged with A. hydrophila under Rutin/FF treatment. It is shown that an acute-phase Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) enhances the innate host defence against bacterial challenge. Semi quantitative RT-PCR and western blot results revealed the significant increase of LBP in the supernatant of tilapia monocytes/macrophages challenged with A. hydrophila upon treatment. The study findings substantiate that the combination of natural molecules with antibiotics may open up possibilities to treat MDR strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Sathiya Deepika
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramar Thangam
- Centre for Academic and Research Excellence (CARE), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tharumasivam Siva Vijayakumar
- P.G & Research Department of Biotechnology, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620 005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajendran Sasirekha
- Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R T V Vimala
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sridhar Arun
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Dinesh Babu
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Thirumurugan
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Correia AT, Nunes B. Oxytetracycline effects in specific biochemical pathways of detoxification, neurotransmission and energy production in Oncorhynchus mykiss. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 164:100-108. [PMID: 30098505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a tetracycline antibiotic, widely used in human and veterinary medicines, including in aquaculture. Given this use, OTC has been detected in different aquatic environments. Some recent works have demonstrated unintentional biological activity of OTC in non-target aquatic organisms. This study investigated the acute and chronic effects of OTC on the physiology of the fish species Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), namely through the quantification of the activity of enzymes involved in different biochemical pathways, such as detoxification (phase II - glutathione S-transferases - GSTs, uridine-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases - UGTs), neurotransmission (acetylcholinesterase - AChE) and energy production (lactate dehydrogenase - LDH). The here-obtained data demonstrated the induction of GSTs activity in gills, and inhibition of AChE activity in eyes tissue, in chronically exposed organisms, as well as alterations in LDH activity following both exposures. Considering this set of results, we can infer that OTC exposure may have induced the glutathione pathway of detoxification in gills with the involvement of GSTs, or indirectly due to the metabolites that may have been produced. In turn, these metabolites may have interfered with the mechanism of neurotransmission, also causing physiological and biochemical disturbances in rainbow trout after OTC exposure, namely disturbances in energetic metabolism. In addition, it is important to stress that such occurrences took place at low, environmentally realistic levels of OTC, suggesting that organisms exposed in the wild may be putative targets of toxic effects by commonly used drugs such as antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - A T Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Freitas EC, Rocha O, Espíndola ELG. Effects of florfenicol and oxytetracycline on the tropical cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii: A mixture toxicity approach to predict the potential risks of antimicrobials for zooplankton. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:663-672. [PMID: 30056931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobials are commonly used in aquaculture to treat infectious diseases in fish. The overuse of these chemicals, however, has made them a contamination source for the aquatic environments. In this study, single and combined effects of florfenicol (FLO) and oxytetracycline (OTC), two antimicrobials widely used in the fish farming, were evaluated in acute and chronic toxicity tests using the tropical cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii as a model species. Also, a preliminary risk characterization of FLO and OTC for zooplankton was carried out, taking into account different exposure scenarios. The results obtained revealed that FLO and OTC have adverse effects on the mobility, reproduction and population growth rate of C. silvestrii in single exposures. In addition, mixture effects on the C. silvestrii were more severe than predicted effects based on the Concentration Addition model, showing a synergistic deviation for the mobility and a dose-level dependent deviation for the reproduction (synergism at higher levels than EC60). In relation to the risk characterization, risk quotients (RQs) exceeded 1 for chronic toxicity data obtained in both OTC and mixture exposures, indicating that the concentrations of these chemicals in Brazilian freshwater bodies could potentially present risks for the reproduction of zooplankton species in tropical regions. The RQs obtained for the mixtures were higher than those obtained for each chemical separately. Therefore, it is highly recommended that RQs are derived from single and mixture exposure data in order to obtain a more accurate risk characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Cristina Freitas
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation (NEEA/CRHEA/SHS), Engineering School of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Odete Rocha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis km 235, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation (NEEA/CRHEA/SHS), Engineering School of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Correia AT, Nunes B. Ecotoxicological evaluation of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) exposed to the antibiotic oxytetracycline using a multibiomarker approach. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 141:233-246. [PMID: 30227982 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is an antibiotic widely used in human and veterinary medicines. Since the primary toxicity occurs mainly at molecular/biochemical levels, the study of different biological responses corresponds to a sensitive and crucial approach. The aim of the present study was to assess the toxic effects of OTC in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) through the use of multibiomarkers and elucidate about the possible toxicological mechanisms involved. S. aurata were acutely (96 h: 0.04-400 μg/L) and chronically (28 days: 0.0004-4 μg/L) exposed to OTC. Detoxification, antioxidant defense, lipid peroxidation, genotoxicity, neurotransmission and energy metabolism biomarkers were evaluated. OTC impaired the detoxification pathways and caused peroxidative damage and genotoxicity. The relevance of the here-obtained data is high, since significant effects were recorded for levels already reported to occur in the wild, meaning that environmentally-exposed marine organisms (including those cultured at fish farms) are not completely exempt of risks posed by OTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - A T Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal
| | - B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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47
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Limbu SM, Zhou L, Sun SX, Zhang ML, Du ZY. Chronic exposure to low environmental concentrations and legal aquaculture doses of antibiotics cause systemic adverse effects in Nile tilapia and provoke differential human health risk. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 115:205-219. [PMID: 29604537 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotics used globally to treat human and animal diseases exist ubiquitously in the environment at low doses because of misuse, overdose and poor absorption after ingestion, coupled with their high-water solubility and degradation resistance. However, the systemic chronic effects of exposure to low environmental concentrations of antibiotics (LECAs) and legal aquaculture doses of antibiotics (LADAs) in fish and their human health risk are currently unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the in vivo chronic effects of exposure to LECAs and LADAs using oxytetracycline (OTC) and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and their human health risk. METHODS Twenty O. niloticus weighing 27.73 ± 0.81 g were exposed to water containing LECAs (OTC at 420 ng/L and SMZ at 260 ng/L) and diets supplemented with LADAs (OTC 80 mg/kg/day and SMZ 100 mg/kg/day) for twelve weeks. General physiological functions, metabolic activities, intestinal and hepatic health were systemically evaluated. The possible human health risks of the consumption of the experimental Nile tilapia fillets in adults and children were assessed by using risk quotient. RESULTS After exposure, we observed retarded growth performance accompanied by reduced nutrients digestibility, feed efficiency, organ indices, and lipid body composition in treated fish. Antibiotics distorted intestinal morphological features subsequently induced microbiota dysbiosis and suppressed intestinal tight junction proteins. Exposure of fish to LECAs and LADAs induced oxidative stress, suppressed innate immunity, stimulated inflammatory and detoxification responses, concomitantly inhibited antioxidant capacity and caused lipid peroxidation in intestine and liver organs. Both LECAs and LADAs enhanced gluconeogenesis, inhibited lipogenesis and fatty acid beta oxidation in intestine and liver organs. The exposure of fish to LECAs and LADAs induced anaerobic glycolytic pathway and affected intestinal fat catabolism in intestine while halted aerobic glycolysis, increased hepatic fat catabolism, and induced DNA damage in liver. The hazard risk quotient in children for fish treated with OTCD was >1 indicating human health risk. CONCLUSION Overall, both LECAs and LADAs impair general physiological functions, nutritional metabolism, and compromise fish immune system. Consumption of fish fed with legal OTC provokes health risk in children. Global stringent prohibition policy for use of antibiotics in aquaculture production and strategies to limit their release into the environment are urgently required to protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samwel M Limbu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Li Zhou
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Sheng-Xiang Sun
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China.
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Guilhermino L, Vieira LR, Ribeiro D, Tavares AS, Cardoso V, Alves A, Almeida JM. Uptake and effects of the antimicrobial florfenicol, microplastics and their mixtures on freshwater exotic invasive bivalve Corbicula fluminea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 622-623:1131-1142. [PMID: 29890582 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and antimicrobials are widely spread environmental contaminants and more research on their toxicity is needed. The uptake and effects of the antimicrobial florfenicol, microplastics, and their mixtures on Corbicula fluminea were investigated. Bivalves were exposed for 96h to florfenicol (1.8 and 7.1mg/l), microplastics (0.2 and 0.7mg/l), or mixtures of the two substances. After 96h, all bivalves exposed to antimicrobial treatments had florfenicol in their body (e.g. 2±1μg/g). Microplastics were found in the gut, lumen of the digestive gland, connective tissue, hemolymphatic sinuses, and gills surface of animals. Florfenicol caused a significant inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity (~32%). Animals exposed to 0.2mg/l of microplastics showed ChE activity inhibition (31%), and no other significant alterations. Mixtures caused feeding inhibition (57-83%), significant ChE inhibition (44-57%) and of isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, and increased anti-oxidant enzymes activity and lipid peroxidation levels. Overall, the results indicate that C. fluminea take up florfenicol and microplastics from the water and accumulated or at least retained it in their body for some time; both florfenicol (low ppm range) and microplastics (ppb range) were toxic to C. fluminea, with mixtures containing florfenicol and microplastics being more toxic. Thus, the risk of exposure and toxic effects of florfenicol to C. fluminea and other bivalves, and its predators increase in ecosystems contaminated with the antimicrobial and microplastics, as well as to humans consuming contaminated species from these ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia Guilhermino
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Populations Study, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rua de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 2250-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Luís R Vieira
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Populations Study, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rua de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 2250-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Diogo Ribeiro
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Populations Study, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rua de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 2250-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Ana Sofia Tavares
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Populations Study, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rua de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 2250-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Vera Cardoso
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Populations Study, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rua de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 2250-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Anabela Alves
- CEACV - Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; UTAD - University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences School, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Histopathology, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - José Manuel Almeida
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 2250-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; UTAD - University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences School, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
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Wang C, Pan X, Fan Y, Chen Y, Mu W. The oxidative stress response of oxytetracycline in the ciliate Pseudocohnilembus persalinus. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:35-42. [PMID: 28881225 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is commonly employed in fish farms to prevent bacterial infections in China, and because of their widely and intensive use, the potential harmful effects on organisms in aquatic environment are of great concern. Ciliates play an important role in aquatic food webs as secondary producers, and Pseudocohnilembus persalinus, is one kind of them which are easily found in fish farms, surviving in polluted water. Therefore, using P. persalinus as experimental models, this study investigated the effects of oxytetracycline (OTC) on the growth, antioxidant system and morphological damage in pollution-resistant ciliates species. Our results showed that the 96-h EC50 values for OTC of P. persalinus was 21.38mgL-1. The increased level of SOD and GSH during 96h OTC stress was related to an adaptive response under oxidative stress induced in ciliates. Additionally, sod1, sod2 and sod3 exhibited a significant increased expression level compared to control group at 24h treatment, indicating a promoting of dense system in ciliates at this exposure time. However, only sod1 and sod2 showed raised expression level at 48h stress, showing the different sensitive of gene isoforms to some extent. With OTC treatment, damage of regular wrinkles, shrunk, twisted on the cell surface, even forming cyst of scuticociliatid ciliate cells were firstly observed by SEM (scanning electron microscope) in this study. Overall, physiological, molecular and morphological information on the toxicological studies of ciliates and more information on possibility of ciliates as indicators of contamination were provided in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongnv Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Xuming Pan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Yawen Fan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
| | - Weijie Mu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
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Kim W, Lee Y, Kim SD. Developing and applying a site-specific multimedia fate model to address ecological risk of oxytetracycline discharged with aquaculture effluent in coastal waters off Jangheung, Korea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:221-226. [PMID: 28738205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of oxytetracycline (OTC) in aquaculture has become a problem because of its chronic toxic effects on marine ecosystems. The present study assessed the ecological risk of OTC in the coastal waters near the Jangheung Flatfish Farm using a site-specific multimedia fate model to analyze exposure. Before the model was applied, its performance was validated by comparing it with field data. The coastal waters in the testbed were sampled and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE). The concentrations of OTC measured varied from 7.05 to 95.39ng/L. The results of validating the models showed that the site-specific multimedia fate model performed better (root mean square error (RMSE): 24.217, index of agreement (IOA): 0.739) than conventional fugacity approaches. This result demonstrated the utility of this model in supporting effective future management of aquaculture effluent. The results of probabilistic risk assessment indicated that OTC from aquaculture effluent did not cause adverse effects, even in a maximum-use scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojung Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Yunho Lee
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea; Center for Chemicals Risk Assessment, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
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