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Mirhosseini SM, Mahdavi A, Yarmohammadi H, Razavi A, Rezaei M, Soltanipur M, Karimi Nemch M, Jafari Naeini S, Siadat SD. What is the link between the dietary inflammatory index and the gut microbiome? A systematic review. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03470-3. [PMID: 39069586 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE One highlighted pathogenesis mechanism of diseases is the negative impact of pro-inflammatory diets (PD) on the gut microbiome. This systematic review aimed to study the link between dietary inflammatory index (DII), as an indicator of PD, and gut microbiome. METHODS A systematic search was done in PubMed and Scopus, adhering to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. The assessment of the included studies' quality was performed using the critical appraisal checklist from the Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS Ten articles were included eight cross-sectional, one case-control, and, one cohort study. Seven and three included articles reported a weak and moderate relationship between gut microbiome and DII scores, respectively. DII scores were linked to variety in microbiome composition and diversity/richness. More importantly, anti-inflammatory diets as measured by lower DII scores were linked to a more desirable gut microbiome profile. Prevotella stercorea, Veillonella rogosae, Morganella morganii, Ruminococcus torques, Eubacterium nodatum, Alistipes intestine, Clostridium leptum, Morganellaceae family, Enterobacteriaceae family, and, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron were related to higher DII scores. While, Butyrate-producing bacteria such as Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae families, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Akkermansia muciniphila were related to lower DII scores. CONCLUSION An anti-inflammatory diet, as measured by a lower DII score, might be linked to variations in the composition and variety of the microbiome. Therefore, the DII score could be useful in microbiota research, however, this possibility needs to be investigated more precisely in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azamalsadat Mahdavi
- Avicenna Fertility Center, Avicenna Research Institute (ARI), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Yarmohammadi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Quality of Life Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Razavi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Rezaei
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masood Soltanipur
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Quality of Life Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Karimi Nemch
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sepideh Jafari Naeini
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Shu W, Liu L, Jiang J, Yao Q. Dietary patterns and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:47. [PMID: 38992637 PMCID: PMC11241793 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, HCC presents a significant health burden, characterized by high incidence and mortality rates. Epidemiological studies have increasingly suggested a link between dietary patterns and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet consensus on this relationship remains elusive. OBJECTIVE This study aims to synthesize existing literature and provide a comprehensive analysis of the association between dietary patterns and HCC risk through meta-analytical methods. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify studies examining common dietary patterns in relation to HCC, published up to August 2023. Study quality was rigorously evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We employed a random effects model to synthesize effect sizes, calculating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS We identified 13 papers, of these 10 investigating a priori dietary patterns(index-based dietary patterns) and 3 focusing on a posterior dietary patterns (data-driven dietary patterns). Analysis of a priori dietary patterns revealed that higher scores in the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) & alternative HEI (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54-0.85), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.91), and the Mediterranean diet (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.56-0.75) were associated with a reduced risk of HCC. Conversely, pro-inflammatory dietary patterns were linked with an increased risk (HR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.58-3.09). In a posterior dietary patterns, a vegetable-based diet was negatively correlated with HCC risk (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49-0.81). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis underscores a significant association between dietary patterns and the risk of HCC. Adherence to healthy dietary patterns characterized by high in vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and low in red and processed meats may confer a protective effect against HCC, whereas inflammatory diets appear to elevate risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Shu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ling Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Jiang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qinghua Yao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Research Laboratory of the Pathological Mechanism of Intestinal Disease 'Inflammation-Cancer' Transformation, Zhejiang, 310005, China.
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Mogna-Peláez P, Riezu-Boj JI, Milagro FI, Herrero JI, Elorz M, Benito-Boillos A, Tobaruela-Resola AL, Tur JA, Martínez JA, Abete I, Zulet MA. Inflammatory markers as diagnostic and precision nutrition tools for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Results from the Fatty Liver in Obesity trial. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1770-1781. [PMID: 38861890 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing public health concern. The disease is silent, and its diagnosis is often delayed. Inflammatory markers constitute an interesting tool to act as subrogate, non-invasive markers. This study aimed to evaluate the changes of inflammatory markers throughout a two-year dietary intervention in subjects presenting MASLD, to determine which of the markers are suitable to predict the disease, and act as a customizing tool for MASLD's dietary treatment. METHODS Ninety-eight subjects with MASLD and forty-five controls from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) Study were analyzed. MASLD was diagnosed and graded by ultrasound. The MASLD subjects were randomly assigned to two different dietary strategies, the American Heart Association (AHA diet) or a dietary strategy based on the Mediterranean pattern, which was specially designed for the study (FLiO diet), and then followed for two years. Hepatic status was additionally assessed through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), elastography, and determination of transaminases. RESULTS & DISCUSSION Inflammatory markers improved throughout the intervention in the MASLD subjects and managed to reach similar levels to controls, especially at 6 and 12 months. Additionally, leptin, adiponectin, M30, and LECT2 managed to significantly diagnose the disease at all time marks of the intervention, making them candidates for subrogate non-invasive markers of the disease. Moreover, baseline chemerin, leptin, LECT2, and M65 were used to build a predictive score to achieve greater weight loss, and therefore, which strategy could be more useful for MASLD 's treatment. The predictive score was significantly able assign a specific diet to 55% of the study participants, meaning that the remaining 45% could achieve the same amount of weight loss following either diet equally. CONCLUSION Inflammatory markers constitute a potential non-invasive tool to be used in MASLD screening and could also constitute an interesting tool for MASLD's treatment customization, being able to predict the effectiveness of a dietary strategy based on the initial inflammatory state of each subject. TRIAL REGISTRATION www. CLINICALTRIALS gov (NCT03183193).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mogna-Peláez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - José I Riezu-Boj
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fermin I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José I Herrero
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Liver Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariana Elorz
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alberto Benito-Boillos
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Luz Tobaruela-Resola
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Precision Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Angeles Zulet
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Baenas I, Camacho-Barcia L, Granero R, Razquin C, Corella D, Gómez-Martínez C, Castañer-Niño O, Martínez JA, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Vioque J, Romaguera D, López-Miranda J, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem JL, Cano-Ibáñez N, Tur JA, Martín-Sánchez V, Pintó X, Gaforio JJ, Matía-Martín P, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Daimiel L, Ros E, Jiménez-Murcia S, Dalsgaard S, Garcia-Arellano A, Babio N, Sorli JV, Lassale C, García-de-la-Hera M, Gómez-García E, Zulet MA, Konieczna J, Martín-Peláez S, Tojal-Sierra L, Basterra-Gortari FJ, de Las Heras-Delgado S, Portoles O, Muñoz-Pérez MÁ, Arenas-Larriva AP, Compañ-Gabucio L, Eguaras S, Shyam S, Fitó M, Baños RM, Salas-Salvadó J, Fernández-Aranda F. Association between type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms after a 1-year follow-up in an older adult Mediterranean population. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1405-1418. [PMID: 38218741 PMCID: PMC11142971 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the cross-sectional association between baseline depressive symptoms and the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and its association with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and other metabolic variables, and the prospective association of depressive symptoms and HbA1c after 1 year of follow-up. METHODS n = 6224 Mediterranean older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (48% females, mean age 64.9 ± 4.9 years) were evaluated in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and HbA1c was used to measure metabolic control. RESULTS The presence of T2D increased the likelihood of higher levels of depressive symptoms (χ2 = 15.84, p = 0.001). Polynomial contrast revealed a positive linear relationship (χ2 = 13.49, p = 0.001), the higher the depressive symptoms levels, the higher the prevalence of T2D. Longitudinal analyses showed that the higher baseline depressive symptoms levels, the higher the likelihood of being within the HbA1c ≥ 7% at 1-year level (Wald-χ2 = 24.06, df = 3, p < .001, for the full adjusted model). Additionally, depressive levels at baseline and duration of T2D predicted higher HbA1c and body mass index, and lower physical activity and adherence to Mediterranean Diet at 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This study supports an association between T2D and the severity of depressive symptoms, suggesting a worse metabolic control from mild severity levels in the short-medium term, influenced by lifestyle habits related to diabetes care. Screening for depressive symptoms and a multidisciplinary integrative therapeutic approach should be ensured in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Baenas
- Eating Disorders Unit, Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Medicine and Translational Research, University of Barcelona, 08007, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Camacho-Barcia
- Eating Disorders Unit, Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Granero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
- Department de Psicobiologia I Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Razquin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - D Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Gómez-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit ANUT-DSM, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Reus, Spain
| | - O Castañer-Niño
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d`Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Á M Alonso-Gómez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - J Wärnberg
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Málaga, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - J Vioque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - D Romaguera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, 07120, Palma, Spain
| | - J López-Miranda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - R Estruch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F J Tinahones
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, University of Málaga, 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - J Lapetra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - J L Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - N Cano-Ibáñez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (IBS.GRANADA), 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - J A Tur
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122, Palma, Spain
| | - V Martín-Sánchez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - X Pintó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Universidad de Barcelona, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J J Gaforio
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Olivar y Aceites de Oliva, Universidad de Jaén, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - P Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Vidal
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Institut d` Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Vázquez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD. University Autonoma, 28024, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Daimiel
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Lipid Clinic, Hospital Clínic, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Jiménez-Murcia
- Eating Disorders Unit, Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Dalsgaard
- NCRR-National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, 8210, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH-The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, 8210, Aarhus, Denmark
- CIRRAU-Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, 8210, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Garcia-Arellano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - N Babio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit ANUT-DSM, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Reus, Spain
| | - J V Sorli
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Lassale
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M García-de-la-Hera
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - E Gómez-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Málaga, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), 29590, Málaga, Spain
| | - M A Zulet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Konieczna
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, 07120, Palma, Spain
| | - S Martín-Peláez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - L Tojal-Sierra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - F J Basterra-Gortari
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, IdiSNA, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - S de Las Heras-Delgado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit ANUT-DSM, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Reus, Spain
| | - O Portoles
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Á Muñoz-Pérez
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca en Atenció Primaria de Barcelona. IDIAP Jordi Gol. Primary Care Division, Institut Català de La Salut, 08007, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A P Arenas-Larriva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - L Compañ-Gabucio
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - S Eguaras
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - S Shyam
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit ANUT-DSM, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Reus, Spain
| | - M Fitó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d`Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R M Baños
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment of the University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Salas-Salvadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Human Nutrition Unit ANUT-DSM, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Reus, Spain.
| | - F Fernández-Aranda
- Eating Disorders Unit, Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, 08908, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.
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Hott CDA, Santos BC, Hebert JR, Zhao L, Wirth MD, Vilela EG, Anastácio LR. Dietary inflammatory index after liver transplantation: Associated effects and long-term outcomes. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 61:349-355. [PMID: 38777454 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We examined the dietary inflammatory potential in patients who underwent liver transplantation (LTx), associated factors and its relationship with clinical outcomes ten years after the initial evaluation. METHODS Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) scores were generated from data derived from the 24-h recall in 108 patients. RESULTS Patients with higher DII scores (highest tertile), indicating a pro-inflammatory diet, had significantly higher serum LDL cholesterol (108.0 vs 78.2 mg/dL, p = <0.01) at the initial evaluation. However, DII scores did not significantly predict the occurrence of clinical outcomes after ten years of follow-up. Patient age was predictive of neoplasia (OR:1.05 95% CI:1.00-1.11; p = 0.03). Higher BMI at the initial evaluation was associated with steatosis (OR:1.51; 95% CI:1.29-1.77; p < 0.01), and smoking history was associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular events (OR:7.71; 95% CI:1.53-38.79; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS A pro-inflammatory diet was associated with higher serum LDL cholesterol in the initial evaluation but may not be strongly related to clinical outcomes during long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina de Almeida Hott
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Chaves Santos
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - James R Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Longgang Zhao
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Eduardo Garcia Vilela
- Department of Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucilene Rezende Anastácio
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Vidal-Cevallos P, Sorroza-Martínez AP, Chávez-Tapia NC, Uribe M, Montalvo-Javé EE, Nuño-Lámbarri N. The Relationship between Pathogenesis and Possible Treatments for the MASLD-Cirrhosis Spectrum. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4397. [PMID: 38673981 PMCID: PMC11050641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a term that entails a broad spectrum of conditions that vary in severity. Its development is influenced by multiple factors such as environment, microbiome, comorbidities, and genetic factors. MASLD is closely related to metabolic syndrome as it is caused by an alteration in the metabolism of fatty acids due to the accumulation of lipids because of an imbalance between its absorption and elimination in the liver. Its progression to fibrosis is due to a constant flow of fatty acids through the mitochondria and the inability of the liver to slow down this metabolic load, which generates oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, triggering cell death. The development and progression of MASLD are closely related to unhealthy lifestyle habits, and nutritional epigenetic and genetic mechanisms have also been implicated. Currently, lifestyle modification is the first-line treatment for MASLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; weight loss of ≥10% produces resolution of steatohepatitis and fibrosis regression. In many patients, body weight reduction cannot be achieved; therefore, pharmacological treatment should be offered in particular populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Vidal-Cevallos
- Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico; (P.V.-C.); (N.C.C.-T.); (M.U.); (E.E.M.-J.)
| | | | - Norberto C. Chávez-Tapia
- Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico; (P.V.-C.); (N.C.C.-T.); (M.U.); (E.E.M.-J.)
- Translational Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico;
| | - Misael Uribe
- Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico; (P.V.-C.); (N.C.C.-T.); (M.U.); (E.E.M.-J.)
| | - Eduardo E. Montalvo-Javé
- Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico; (P.V.-C.); (N.C.C.-T.); (M.U.); (E.E.M.-J.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04360, Mexico
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Clinic, Department of Surgery, Hospital General de Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Natalia Nuño-Lámbarri
- Translational Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico;
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04360, Mexico
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Miryan M, Rashid SA, Navashenaq JG, Soleimani D, Nematy M, Moludi J. Dietary inflammatory index in relation to the progression of hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis: evaluation by elastography/Fibroscan. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:128. [PMID: 38589782 PMCID: PMC11000290 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the proposed mechanisms by which nutrition influences the progression of hepatic steatosis to fibrosis is inflammation. The study investigated how the inflammatory potential of the diet affects the risk of liver damage in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition where fat accumulates in the liver. This cross-sectional study included 170 outpatients with newly diagnosed NAFLD. This study used a device called Fibroscan® to measure the degree of liver fibrosis, which is the scarring of the liver tissue due to chronic inflammation. The study also used a tool called the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) to measure the inflammatory potential of the diet based on the intake of different foods and nutrients. In the findings of the study, patients with more severe fat accumulation in the liver (hepatic steatosis) had higher DII scores, meaning they had more inflammatory diets. The study also found that higher DII scores were associated with higher weight and body mass index (BMI). One standard deviation (SD) increase in DII scores was associated with a 0.29 kilopascal (95% CI: 0.10-0.44; P-value 0.001) increase in the mean liver stiffness, an indicator of liver fibrosis. The study concluded that patients with higher DII scores had a higher risk of developing liver fibrosis than those with lower DII scores, even after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratio: 5.89; P-value: 0.001). The study suggested that eating less inflammatory foods may help prevent or slow down the progression of hepatic steatosis and liver in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Miryan
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | | | - Davood Soleimani
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jalal Moludi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Doustmohammadian A, Amirkalali B, Esfandyari S, Motamed N, Maadi M, Shivappa N, Gholizadeh E, Hébert JR, Zamani F. The association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores and c-reactive protein (CRP) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a general population cohort. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 60:156-164. [PMID: 38479904 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although there is extensive literature showing the ability of the dietary inflammation index (DII®) to predict concentrations of plasma inflammatory markers, few studies are testing the association between DII scores and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Considering the high prevalence of NAFLD and its complications, we conducted a validation study of DII scores and examined its association with NAFLD in the general adult population of Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 3110 adult participants in the Amol Cohort Study (AmolCS) who underwent abdominal ultrasonography to diagnose NAFLD. DII and energy-adjusted DII (E-DII™) scores were computed using data from a valid semi-quantitative 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariable logistic regression adjusting for socio-demographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors was used to assess association. RESULTS The EDII was associated with CRP inflammatory biomarker. Participants in the highest, i.e., most pro-inflammatory tertile had the highest odds of NAFLD by ultrasound in all models [fully adjusted model: OR (95 % CI) tertile3vs.1:1.54 (1.05-2.05); Ptrend = 0.04, and 1.63 (1.19-2.21); Ptrend = 0.03 in women and men, respectively]. The highest tertile had the highest OR for NAFLD by fatty liver index (FLI) only in men [fully adjusted model OR (95 % CI) tertile3vs.1: 1.77 (1.15-2.71); Ptrend = 0.01]. Similar results were also obtained for NAFLD by hepatic steatosis index (HSI) in women [fully adjusted model: OR (95 % CI) tertile3vs.1: 1.70 (1.12-2.58); Ptrend = 0.03]. The results of the fully adjusted multivariable model of liver markers and NAFLD status, stratified by gender and abdominal obesity, revealed that the highest tertiles had the highest OR for NAFLD by ultrasound and NAFLD by FLI only in men without abdominal obesity [fully adjusted model: OR (95 % CI) tertile3vs.1: 1.83 (1.17-2.84); Ptrend = 0.03, and, respectively]. NAFLD by FLI tended to increase strongly with tertile E-DII scores in men without abdominal obesity in crude and three adjusted models [full-adjusted model: OR (95 % CI) tertile3vs.1: 3.64 (1.56-8.46); Ptrend = 0.005]. By contrast, women with abdominal obesity in the highest tertile had the highest OR for NAFLD by ultrasound in all models [full-adjusted model: OR (95 % CI) tertile3vs.1: 1.67 (1.07-2.62); Ptrend = 0.02]. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that diet plays a role in regulating inflammation. Additionally, we observed an inflammatory diet predicts the risk of NAFLD in Iranian adults. However, longitudinal studies are required in order to further substantiate the utility of the DII in the development of more effective dietary interventions among populations at risk of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Amirkalali
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Esfandyari
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Motamed
- Department of Social Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Maadi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Esmaeel Gholizadeh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Farhad Zamani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Liu X, Su Y, Jiang Y, Cai J, Yang X, Zou Y, Chen J, Zhao X, Xiao H. The relationship between dietary inflammatory index and metabolic syndrome and its components: a case study in Kashi urban, Xinjiang. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1334506. [PMID: 38487635 PMCID: PMC10937582 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1334506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This paper examines the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components among Uygur adults in Kashi, Xinjiang. Methods The study used the multi-stage random cluster sampling method to investigate the adult residents of Uighu aged over 18 years old in one county and one township/street of three cities in Kashi between May and June 2021. All dietary data collected were analyzed for energy and nutrient intake with a nutritional analysis software, followed by a calculation of DII. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between DII and the risks of MS and its components. Results The maximum DII value across our 1,193 respondents was 4.570 to 4.058, with an average value of 0.256. When we analyzed the DII as a continuous variable, we determined the anti-inflammatory diet has been identified as a mitigating factor for metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.586, 95% CI = 0.395-0.870), obesity (OR = 0.594, 95% CI = 0.395-0.870), elevated fasting glucose levels (OR = 0.422, 95% CI = 0.267-0.668), and hypertension (OR = 0.698, 95% CI = 0.488-0.996). When the model was adjusted by sex, age, and occupation, we found a significant correlation between high- and low-density lipoproteinemia and DII (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.040-2.323). The present study identified four distinct dietary patterns among the population under investigation. There was a linear trend in the incidence of MS and hypertension across low, middle, and high levels of fruits and milk dietary pattern model (p = 0.027; p = 0.033), within this dietary pattern may serve as protective factors against MS and hypertension, suggesting that fruits and milk within this dietary pattern may serve as protective factors against MS and hypertension. And the linear trend in the incidence of elevated fasting glucose and obesity across the low, medium, and high scores of meet and eggs dietary pattern (p = 0.006; p < 0.001), suggest that a diet rich in meat may potentially contribute to an increased risk of developing elevated fasting glucose levels and obesity. An observed linear trend in the incidence rate of high fasting blood glucose across low, moderate, and high scores of dried fruits and nuts dietary pattern (p = 0.014), indicating that increased consumption of nuts acted as a protective factor against elevated fasting blood glucose levels and contributed to their reduction. Discussion The dietary inflammation index was integrated with the findings from the study on the dietary patterns of the sampled population, revealing that an anti-inflammatory diet demonstrated a protective effect against metabolic syndrome, obesity, high fasting blood glucose, and hypertension in this specific population. laying the foundation for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- Department of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yinxia Su
- Department of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Junxiu Cai
- South University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuan Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jing Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xingyang Zhao
- Primary School Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Kim J, Jeong K, Lim S, Lee S, Baek Y. Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study. Metabolites 2024; 14:130. [PMID: 38393022 PMCID: PMC10890361 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary protein sources and protein adequacy are crucial modulators of muscle quality and body composition. We investigated the association between dietary protein sources (and their adequacy) and body composition and the risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in South Korean populations. The participants (n = 1967) were classified into SO, obese, sarcopenia, and normal groups. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the KS-15 questionnaire, short-form food frequency questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements. The percentage of body fat (male: 35.36 ± 0.51%; female: 44.14 ± 0.36%) was significantly high, while appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM; male: 36.39 ± 0.30%, female: 30.32 ± 0.19%) was low in the SO group. Beef and pork consumption was negatively associated with ASM (%) but positively associated with body fat (%) in the normal group and positively associated with ASM (kg/m2: beta = 0.002, p = 0.02) and BFM (kg: beta = 0.012, p = 0.03) in the SO group, respectively. The highest quintile (Q5: 173.6 g/day) showed a decreased risk of SO prevalence (AORs: 0.46, CI: 0.22-0.94) compared with that in the lowest quintile (Q1: 21.6 g/day) among the people with inadequacy protein intake. Daily poultry and egg intake was positively linked with body composition in the participants with SO, while red meat showed a negative effect on imbalanced body composition in participants in the normal and SO groups. Furthermore, a lower intake of poultry and eggs was strongly associated with SO prevalence in people who consumed inadequate amounts of daily dietary protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Kim
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungsik Jeong
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sueun Lim
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Siwoo Lee
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Baek
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
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Kaneva AM, Bojko ER. Fatty liver index (FLI): more than a marker of hepatic steatosis. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:11-26. [PMID: 37875710 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00991-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver index (FLI) was developed as a simple and accurate marker of hepatic steatosis. FLI is derived from an algorithm based on body mass index, waist circumference, and levels of triglycerides and gamma-glutamyltransferase, and it is widely used in clinical and epidemiological studies as a screening tool for discriminating between healthy and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) subjects. However, a systematic review of the literature regarding FLI revealed that this index has more extensive relationships with biochemical and physiological parameters. FLI is associated with key parameters of lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, hormones, vitamins and markers of inflammation, or oxidative stress. FLI can be a predictor or risk factor for a number of metabolic and nonmetabolic diseases and mortality. FLI is also used as an indicator for determining the effects of health-related prevention interventions, medications, and toxic substances on humans. Although in most cases, the exact mechanisms underlying these associations have not been fully elucidated, they are most often assumed to be mediated by insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Thus, FLI may be a promising marker of metabolic health due to its multiple associations with parameters of physiological and pathological processes. In this context, the present review summarizes the data from currently available literature on the associations between FLI and biochemical variables and physiological functions. We believe that this review will be of interest to researchers working in this area and can provide new perspectives and directions for future studies on FLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya M Kaneva
- Institute of Physiology of Кomi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, 50 Pervomayskaya str., 167982, Syktyvkar, Russia.
| | - Evgeny R Bojko
- Institute of Physiology of Кomi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, 50 Pervomayskaya str., 167982, Syktyvkar, Russia
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Lopez-Pentecost M, Tamez M, Mattei J, Jacobs ET, Thomson CA, Garcia DO. Adherence to a Traditional Mexican Diet Is Associated with Lower Hepatic Steatosis in US-Born Hispanics of Mexican Descent with Overweight or Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:4997. [PMID: 38068856 PMCID: PMC10708445 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hispanics of Mexican descent have disproportionate rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this work is to investigate the association between the traditional Mexican diet score (tMexS) and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, two NAFLD-related clinical endpoints, in Hispanic adults of Mexican descent. Data from 280 Hispanic adults of Mexican descent (n = 102 men, 178 women) with overweight or obesity enrolled in a cross-sectional observational study were analyzed. The tMexS was calculated from 24 h dietary recalls. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis measurements were assessed using transient elastography (Fibroscan®). Linear regression models testing the association between tMexS and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were run individually and through the stratification of significant modifiers. Mean tMexS were 5.9 ± 2.1, hepatic steatosis scores were 288.9 ± 48.9 dB/m, and fibrosis scores were 5.6 ± 2.2 kPa. Among the US-born group, with every point increase in the tMexS, there was a statistically significant 5.7 lower hepatic steatosis point (95% CI: -10.9, -0.6, p-value = 0.07). Higher adherence to a traditional Mexican diet was associated with lower hepatic steatosis in US-born Hispanics of Mexican descent. Findings from the current work may serve to inform future culturally relevant interventions for NAFLD prevention and management in individuals of Mexican descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Lopez-Pentecost
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Martha Tamez
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.T.); (J.M.)
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.T.); (J.M.)
| | - Elizabeth T. Jacobs
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA (C.A.T.); (D.O.G.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Cynthia A. Thomson
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA (C.A.T.); (D.O.G.)
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - David O. Garcia
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA (C.A.T.); (D.O.G.)
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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Yang H, Zhang T, Song W, Peng Z, Zhu Y, Huang Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Tang M, Yang W. Dietary inflammatory potential is associated with higher odds of hepatic steatosis in US adults: a cross-sectional study. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:2936-2944. [PMID: 37807893 PMCID: PMC10755422 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation plays a critical role in the progression of chronic liver diseases, and diet can modulate inflammation. Whether an inflammatory dietary pattern is associated with higher risk of hepatic steatosis or fibrosis remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the associations between inflammatory dietary pattern and the odds of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. DESIGN In this nationwide cross-sectional study, diet was measured using two 24-h dietary recalls. Empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) score was derived to assess the inflammatory potential of usual diet, which has been validated to highly predict inflammation markers in the study population. Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were derived from FibroScan to define steatosis and fibrosis, respectively. SETTING US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PARTICIPANTS 4171 participants aged ≥18 years. RESULTS A total of 1436 participants were diagnosed with S1 steatosis (CAP ≥ 274 dB/m), 255 with advanced fibrosis (LSM ≥ 9·7 kPa). Compared with those in the lowest tertile of EDIP-adherence scores, participants in the highest tertile had 74 % higher odds of steatosis (OR: 1·74, 95 % CI (1·26, 2·41)). Such positive association persisted among never drinkers, or participants who were free of hepatitis B and/or C. Similarly, EDIP was positively associated with CAP in multivariate linear model (P < 0·001). We found a non-significant association of EDIP score with advanced fibrosis or LSM (P = 0·837). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that a diet score that is associated with inflammatory markers is associated with hepatic steatosis. Reducing or avoiding pro-inflammatory diets intake might be an attractive strategy for fatty liver disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui230032, People’s Republic of China
- Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Song
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaohong Peng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiude Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanshui Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui230032, People’s Republic of China
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Reche-García C, Hernández Morante JJ, Morillas-Ruiz JM. Dietary Assessment for Weight Management and Health Maintenance. Nutrients 2023; 15:4610. [PMID: 37960263 PMCID: PMC10649168 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An adequate dietary assessment is essential for improving the eating habits of the population and preventing health problems such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Reche-García
- Eating Disorders Research Unit, Campus de Los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Juan José Hernández Morante
- Eating Disorders Research Unit, Campus de Los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Juana M. Morillas-Ruiz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Campus de Los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain
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15
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Okekunle AP, Youn J, Song S, Chung GE, Yang SY, Kim YS, Lee JE. Predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2023; 11:goad059. [PMID: 37842198 PMCID: PMC10568523 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major contributor to liver diseases globally, yet there are limited studies investigating the impact of diet and lifestyle factors on its development. This study aimed to examine the association between the prevalence of NAFLD and predicted pro-inflammatory high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) score. Methods We included 1,076 Korean adults who underwent a medical examination at the Seoul National University Hospital Gangnam Healthcare Center in Korea between May and December 2011 and updated in 2021. The predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score was derived from pro-inflammatory demographic, lifestyle, dietary, and anthropometric factors, and NAFLD was diagnosed using liver ultrasound. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NAFLD odds according to predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score were estimated using logistic regression at a two-sided P < 0.05. Results Among the 1,076 participants, 320 had NAFLD. The multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for NAFLD by tertiles of predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score were 1.00, 3.30 (2.06, 5.30), 18.25 (10.47, 31.81; P < 0.0001) in men and women combined, 1.00, 1.77 (1.10, 2.84), and 3.26 (2.02, 5.28; P < 0.0001) among men only, and 1.00, 3.03 (1.39, 6.62), and 16.71 (7.05, 39.63; P < 0.0001) among women only. Conclusions Predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score was associated with higher odds of NAFLD. Adopting dietary and lifestyle changes related to lower inflammation might be a valuable strategy for preventing NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Youn
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sihan Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Goh Eun Chung
- Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Young Yang
- Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Kim
- Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Li R, Li M, Bidulescu A, Fly AD, Luo J. Diets with Higher Anti-inflammatory Potential Associated with Lower Risk of Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Early-Stage of Fibrosis Among US Adults. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:4009-4021. [PMID: 37535123 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence of how dietary inflammatory potential influences nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression. AIMS Our study aims to evaluate the association of dietary inflammatory index (DII) with liver fibrosis, a hallmark feature of NAFLD, among US adults. METHODS Cross-sectional data consisting of 5,506 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2018 were used. Energy adjusted-DII (E-DII) scores were calculated using 2 days of 24-h dietary recall data. We used a partial proportional odds model to determine risk at each stage of fibrosis according to the E-DII score. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of NAFLD (assessed by US fatty liver index) was 34.5%, with 23.2% (assessed by NAFLD Fibrosis Score) having mild fibrosis, 10.4% intermediate fibrosis, and 0.9% advanced fibrosis. When comparing the most pro-inflammatory diets to the most anti-inflammatory diets (AIDs) in the multivariable model, the marginal probability effect (MPE) of NAFLD, mild fibrosis and intermediate fibrosis increased by 11.7% (95% CI 6.6%, 16.9%), 7.0% (95% CI 3.5%, 10.4%) and 4.0% (95% CI 0.3%, 7.5%), respectively. The MPE of advanced fibrosis was not significant (MPE = 0.7%; 95% CI - 1.1%, 2.8%). Similar associations were observed when applying Fibrosis-4 and transient elastography as fibrosis diagnostic measurements. CONCLUSIONS An AID was associated with lower risk of development of NAFLD and early-stage of fibrosis among US adults. But the associations became attenuated and dissipated as the fibrogenesis became severe. Further studies are needed to re-confirm our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th St., Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th St., Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Aurelian Bidulescu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th St., Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Alyce D Fly
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Juhua Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th St., Bloomington, IN, USA
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17
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Tian H, Qu H, Zheng Y, Sun Y, Wang W, Wu Y. Association of dietary inflammatory potential and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in US adults. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:1197-1203. [PMID: 37577789 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long-term inflammatory effects of diet may elevate the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study aims to investigate dietary patterns associated with inflammation and whether such diets were associated with the risk of NAFLD. METHODS Data were collected from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Dietary intake was obtained through two 24-hour dietary recall interviews, and levels of inflammatory biomarkers were assessed in blood samples. NAFLD was defined as a controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) ≥ 274 dB/m. Reduced-rank regression (RRR) analysis was used to derive sex-specific inflammatory dietary patterns (IDPs). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between IDPs and NAFLD. RESULTS A total of 3570 participants were included in this study. We identified the IDP characterized by higher intake of added sugars, and lower intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, seafood high in n -3 fatty acids, soybean products, nuts, seeds, yogurt, and oils. After multivariate adjustment, the highest tertile of the IDP scores had a significantly higher risk of NAFLD than the lowest tertile [odds ratio (OR) = 1.884, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.003-3.539, P for trend = 0.044 for males; OR = 1.597, 95% CI = 1.129-2.257, P for trend = 0.010 for females]. CONCLUSION Overall, the IDP was positively associated with the prevalence of NAFLD. The findings may provide dietary prevention strategies for controlling chronic inflammation and further preventing NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University
| | - Haixia Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital
| | - Yunlong Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University
| | - Yongye Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University
| | - Yili Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University
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18
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Delgado-Alarcón JM, Hernández Morante JJ, Morillas-Ruiz JM. Modification of Breakfast Fat Composition Can Modulate Cytokine and Other Inflammatory Mediators in Women: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3711. [PMID: 37686743 PMCID: PMC10489665 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous trials have demonstrated that modifying dietary fat composition can influence the production of inflammation-related factors. Additionally, it has been suggested that not only the type of fat, but also the timing of fat intake can impact these factors. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of altering breakfast fat composition on inflammatory parameters. A 3-month crossover randomized trial was designed, involving 60 institutionalized women who alternately consumed a breakfast rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (margarine), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (virgin olive oil), or saturated fatty acids (SFA) (butter), based on randomization. The following inflammatory markers were evaluated: epidermal growth factor (EGF), interferon (IFN)-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-reactive protein (CRP), and vascular/endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The results showed that the most significant effects were observed with the high-MUFA breakfast, as there was a statistically significant decrease in plasma IL-6 (p = 0.016) and VEGF values (p = 0.035). Other factors, such as IL-1α and CRP, also decreased substantially, but did not reach the statistically significant level. On the other hand, the high-PUFA breakfast induced a significant decrease in EGF levels (p < 0.001), whereas the high-SFA breakfast had no apparent effect on these factors. In conclusion, modifying breakfast fat, particularly by increasing MUFA or PUFA intake, appears to be sufficient for promoting a lower inflammatory marker synthesis profile and may be beneficial in improving cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Delgado-Alarcón
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de Los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Juan José Hernández Morante
- Eating Disorders Research Unit, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de Los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juana M. Morillas-Ruiz
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de Los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
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Rodríguez-Lara A, Rueda-Robles A, Sáez-Lara MJ, Plaza-Diaz J, Álvarez-Mercado AI. From Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Liver Cancer: Microbiota and Inflammation as Key Players. Pathogens 2023; 12:940. [PMID: 37513787 PMCID: PMC10385788 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that 25% of the world's population has non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This disease can advance to a more severe form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a disease with a greater probability of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NASH could be characterized as a necro-inflammatory complication of chronic hepatic steatosis. The combination of factors that lead to NASH and its progression to HCC in the setting of inflammation is not clearly understood. The portal vein is the main route of communication between the intestine and the liver. This allows the transfer of products derived from the intestine to the liver and the hepatic response pathway of bile and antibody secretion to the intestine. The intestinal microbiota performs a fundamental role in the regulation of immune function, but it can undergo changes that alter its functionality. These changes can also contribute to cancer by disrupting the immune system and causing chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, both of which are implicated in cancer development. In this article, we address the link between inflammation, microbiota and HCC. We also review the different in vitro models, as well as recent clinical trials addressing liver cancer and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avilene Rodríguez-Lara
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Ascensión Rueda-Robles
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada,18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María José Sáez-Lara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Plaza-Diaz
- Children's Hospital Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana I Álvarez-Mercado
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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20
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Fan L, Zhao S, Shi H, Zhang S. Role of BMI in the relationship between dietary inflammatory index and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an intermediary analysis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:1159-1165. [PMID: 37211749 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2213791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have indicated that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the role of BMI remains ambiguous. We aim to study the intermediary effect of BMI on the relationship between dietary inflammatory properties and NAFLD. METHODS A total of 19536 adult participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) were included. Dietary inflammatory index (DII) was used to evaluate the dietary inflammatory properties and NAFLD was diagnosed by non-invasive biomarkers. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models estimated ORs and 95% CIs between DII and incidence of NAFLD. Interaction effect between DII and BMI on NAFLD was tested and the mediation analysis of BMI was performed. RESULTS Higher DII scores, representing higher inflammatory potential of diet, were positively associated with a higher risk of NAFLD. Compared with the first quartile of DII, people from the second quartile (OR: 1.23 [95% CI: 1.04, 1.46]) to the fourth quartile (OR: 1.59 [95% CI: 1.31, 1.94]) have a higher risk of NAFLD before adjustment for BMI. The overall association was completely mediated by BMI (89.19%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that a higher pro-inflammatory potential diet was associated with a higher prevalence of NAFLD, and this association might be mediated by BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiaona Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
- Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Songfeng Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Haiyun Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
- Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shutian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
- Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
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21
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The association of dietary inflammatory index (DII) and central obesity with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in people with diabetes (T2DM). Heliyon 2023; 9:e13983. [PMID: 36915483 PMCID: PMC10006473 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Objective High prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus results in deleterious complications and morbidities related to both diseases. Thus, we aimed to investigate dietary and anthropometric risk factors for progression of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in diabetic people. Methods Anthropometric, and dietary intakes, and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were assessed in two hundred participants with type two diabetes (T2DM). Subjects with CAP score of more than 270 dB/m were considered to have NAFLD. Multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs were used to investigate the association between NAFLD and dietary inflammatory index (DII) score and anthropometric indices. Results Participants in the highest tertile of DII had 2.41 (95% CI:1.16-4.97), 2,53 (95% CI: 1.04-6.16), 2.78 (95% CI: 1.09-7.13) times higher odds of developing NAFLD in comparison to the lowest tertile in crude, adjusted model 1 and 2, respectively. Among those with the highest relative to the lowest tertile of trunk-to-leg fat ratio (TLR), ORs and 95% CI were OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 0.9-3.91, and OR = 7.99, 95% CI = 2.43-26.26 in crude and full-adjusted models. Odds of NAFLD in the third tertile of metabolic score for visceral fat (METS-VF) was higher than the first tertile in crude (OR = 9.5, 95% CI = 4.01-22.46) and full-adjusted models (OR = 4.55, 95% CI = 1.46-14.2). Conclusions In conclusion, this study highlighted an association between greater DII (pro-inflammatory diet) and higher NAFLD risk. Moreover, TLR and METS-VF are known as novel estimators of central obesity as a risk factor for NAFLD in diabetes.
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22
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Zhang Z, Wang L, Lin Z, Yan W, Chen J, Zhang X, Ye W, Li J, Li Z. Dietary inflammatory index and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced hepatic fibrosis in US adults. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1102660. [PMID: 36761224 PMCID: PMC9907028 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1102660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims This study aims to investigate whether the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and advanced hepatic fibrosis (AHF) among non-institutionalized adults in the United States. Methods Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2016, a total of 10,052 adults aged ≥18 years were included in the analysis. We used multivariable analysis, controlling for demographic variables, to evaluate the association between DII and NAFLD and AHF, a restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to model the non-linear relationship between DII and NAFLD. Results For 10,052 participants, DII ranges from -4.63 to 5.47. Compared with quartile 1, higher DII group were associated with higher levels of female, separated/divorced, lower education level, heavy alcohol use, current smoke status, BMI, poverty income ratio, and waist circumference. DII also showed a significantly positive correlation with ALT, AST. In the fully adjusted multivariable model, DII was positively associated with the presence of NAFLD (OR 1.09, 1.06-1.13 CI, p trend <0.0001), and AHF (OR 1.15, 1.07-1.23 CI, p trend <0.001). The association remained statistically significant after stratified by gender in terms of NAFLD, but in case of AHF only in males (Q4 vs. Q1: OR 2.68, 1.63-4.41 CI, p trend <0.0001) was statistically significant. In the RCS models, the relation of DII and NAFLD started increase rapidly until around 1.80 and then started relatively flat afterward. Conclusion Higher pro-inflammatory level was associated with higher risk of NAFLD in males and females, and with higher risk of AHF in males but not in females. Therefore, strategies to promote an Zhang anti-inflammatory diet should be considered to prevent and ameliorate NAFLD and AHF in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmian Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zili Lin
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weitian Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiaqin Chen
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wangyu Ye
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Jian Li,
| | - Zhihong Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zhihong Li,
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Li X, Chen M, Yao Z, Zhang T, Li Z. Dietary inflammatory potential and the incidence of depression and anxiety: a meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION AND NUTRITION 2022; 41:24. [PMID: 35643518 PMCID: PMC9148520 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-022-00303-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential modifiable role of diet in common psychological disorders, including depression and anxiety, has attracted growing interest. Diet may influence the occurrence of mental disorders through its inflammatory characteristics. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore whether dietary inflammatory potential is associated with the risk of depression and anxiety. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to February 2021. Articles related to dietary inflammatory potential and risk of depression or anxiety were included. After the elimination of repetitive and irrelevant literature, we conducted quality assessment, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis. In total, 17 studies with a total of 157,409 participants were included in the final analysis. Compared with the lowest inflammatory diet group, the highest group was significantly associated with the incidence of depression and anxiety, with the following pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs): 1.45 (1.30 ~ 1.62) for depression and 1.66 (1.41 ~ 1.96) for anxiety. A subgroup analysis by gender showed that this association was more prominent in women. For depression, the increased risk was 49% in women (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.28 ~ 1.74) and 27% in men (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.06 ~ 1.52). As for anxiety, the increased risk was 80% in women (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.30 ~ 2.49) and 47% in men (OR 1.53, 95% CI 0.81 ~ 2.89). As a result, long-term anti-inflammatory eating patterns may prevent depression and anxiety, whereas pro-inflammatory eating patterns may promote these conditions. People should add more fish, fish oil, fresh fruit, walnuts, and brown rice to their diet.
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Corrêa CR, da Costa BGG, Silva KS, Shivappa N, Wirth MD, Hébert JR, Nunes EA. A higher energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index is positively associated with total and visceral body fat in young male adults. J Hum Nutr Diet 2022; 35:1136-1150. [PMID: 35377488 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII™) has been associated with a high body mass index and markers of chronic diseases. Also, pro-inflammatory diets with a high E-DII have been positively associated with metabolic disturbances such as glucose intolerance and type II diabetes mellitus. However, it is unclear whether E-DII scores are positively associated with body fat percentage and visceral fat per se. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether the E-DII is associated with body fat content and metabolic health indicators in lean and obese young men. METHODS The present study was conducted on 59 participants, without comorbidities, not using tobacco, medication and nutritional supplements. Dietary data were obtained by 3-day food records to calculate E-DII scores based on 28 food parameters. Body composition was assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Blood samples were taken to measure fasting glucose, insulin, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. An oral glucose tolerance test also was performed. Associations were determined by mixed-effects linear regression. RESULTS E-DII scores ranged from -3.48 to +3.10. Energy intake was similar across E-DII tertiles. After adjusting for covariates, the highest E-DII tertile was associated with increased body fat, visceral adipose tissue and waist circumference. There was no association between E-DII scores and glycaemic parameters. CONCLUSIONS In young participants, a dietary pattern with a higher E-DII (i.e., pro-inflammatory) score was associated with high body fat and markers of central adiposity assessed by DXA, regardless of body mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia R Corrêa
- Health Sciences Center, Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.,Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruno G G da Costa
- Sports Center, Physical Education Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Kelly S Silva
- Sports Center, Physical Education Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Everson A Nunes
- Health Sciences Center, Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.,Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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25
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Bavi Behbahani H, Bazyar H, Aghamohammadi V, Ahangarpour A, Shivappa N, R Hebert J, Alipour M, Shokouhi Nasab M, Moradi F, Hay Bar H. The Dietary Inflammatory Index is positively associated with cardiometabolic risk parameters in atherosclerosis patients. Nutr Res 2022; 107:26-36. [PMID: 36162276 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is implicated in the development and progression of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is associated with anthropometric indices and metabolic parameters in Iranian atherosclerosis patients. The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 Iranian atherosclerosis patients. The DII was estimated using a valid and reliable 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were evaluated for anthropometric indices and metabolic parameters according to the DII score. Linear regression was used to estimate the relationship between DII scores with atherosclerosis-related dependent variables. According to the continuous score of DII, there was no significant association between DII and odds of obesity, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio in all 3 models (P ≥ .05). In linear regression analysis, we found a significant association between DII score and fasting blood sugar, lipid profile (except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), liver enzymes (except for alkaline phosphatase), and serum sodium in adjusted models (P < .05). In this study, patients with atherosclerosis consuming a pro-inflammatory diet was positively associated with fasting blood sugar, lipid, and liver enzymes measures. Future studies with prospective and interventional designs are required to clarify the association between this dietary index and cardiovascular disease risk factors among patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Bavi Behbahani
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Bazyar
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran.
| | | | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA; Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | - James R Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA; Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | | | - Mashhad Shokouhi Nasab
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fateme Moradi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Habib Hay Bar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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A Healthful Plant-Based Diet Is Associated with Lower Odds of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194099. [PMID: 36235752 PMCID: PMC9572274 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is little evidence for the associations of the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with the odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We present a nationwide cross-sectional study among US adults aged 18 years or older. Diet was assessed by 24-h recalls. Overall PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were constructed based on 18 food groups. NAFLD was defined based on controlled attenuation parameter derived via transient elastography (TE) in the absence of other causes of chronic liver disease. Among 3900 participants with eligible TE examination, 1686 were diagnosed with NAFLD. The overall PDI was not associated with NAFLD prevalence (comparing extreme tertiles of PDI score OR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.76, 1.38, ptrend = 0.609). However, hPDI was inversely (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.35, 0.72, ptrend < 0.001), while uPDI was positively associated with odds of NAFLD (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 0.93, 2.02, ptrend = 0.009) in the multivariable-adjusted models without body mass index (BMI). After further adjustment for BMI, only the association of hPDI with NAFLD remained statistically significant (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.46, 0.87, ptrend = 0.006). Such inverse association appeared stronger in non-Hispanic whites, but not in other racial/ethnic groups (pinteraction = 0.009). Our findings suggest that a plant-based diet rich in healthy plant foods might be associated with lower odds of NAFLD, particularly among US non-Hispanic whites. Clinical trials and cohort studies to validate our findings are needed.
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Association between Mediterranean Diet and Fatty Liver in Women with Overweight and Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183771. [PMID: 36145146 PMCID: PMC9501123 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for NAFLD. However, not all people with obesity have an excessive intrahepatic fat content. Adherence to a high-quality dietary pattern may also promote liver health in obesity. A cross-sectional study of 2967 women with overweight and obesity was carried out to assess the association between a Mediterranean diet and fatty liver. All women underwent clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, blood sampling, ultrasound measurements of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat, and assessment of adherence to the Mediterranean diet using the 14-item MEDAS questionnaire. Fatty liver index (FLI), NAFLD fatty liver steatosis (NAFLD-FLS) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) were calculated. In women with obesity, the MEDAS score was inversely associated with FLI (β = −0.60, 95% CI: −1.04, −0.16, p = 0.008), NAFLD-FLS (β = −0.092, 95% CI: −0.134, −0.049, p < 0.001) and HSI (β = −0.17, 95% CI: −0.30, −0.04, p = 0.011). Stronger associations were observed in premenopausal women with obesity. Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with NAFLD-FLS in women with overweight, independently of menopausal status. In conclusion, Mediterranean diet is associated with a better liver status in women with overweight and obesity. This may have a public health impact and be useful in drafting nutritional guidelines for NAFLD.
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Farhadnejad H, Tehrani AN, Jahromi MK, Teymoori F, Mokhtari E, Salehi-Sahlabadi A, Mirmiran P. The association between dietary inflammation scores and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases in Iranian adults. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:267. [PMID: 35644622 PMCID: PMC9148502 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Potential dietary inflammation can precursor chronic diseases such as hepatic disorders. We aimed to examine the association of empirical dietary inflammatory patterns (EDIP) and dietary inflammation scores (DIS) with the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) in Iranian adults.
Methods This case–control study was conducted on 225 newly diagnosed NAFLD cases and 450 controls aged 20–60 years. The individuals’ dietary data were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The detection of NAFLD in subjects was done using the ultrasonography scan of the liver and confirmation of gastroenterologists. To calculate of EDIP score, the average daily intakes of each item (15 food items) were multiplied by the proposed weights, and then all the weighted values were summed. Also, to calculate the DIS score, each food item (18 food items) is multiplied by its specific weight to obtain the weighted values of each item. The weighted values were then standardized using the Z-score. Finally, the standardized weighted values of all the items were summed to get the overall DIS score for the individuals. Logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate the odds ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI) of NAFLD across tertiles of EDIP and DIS.
Results The mean (SD) age and BMI of the study population (53% male) were 38.1 (8.8) years and 26.8 (4.3) kg/m2, respectively. The median (IQR) of EDIP and DIS scores in individuals were 0.52 (0.34, 0.73), and 0.04 (− 0.55, 0.59), respectively. Based on the multivariable-adjusted model, after controlling for age, sex, physical activity, smoking, marital status, waist-to-hip ratio, and dietary energy intake, individuals in the second (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.07–3.76) and third tertiles of DIS (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.39–4.63) had a higher odds of NAFLD compared to the lowest tertile of DIS (Ptrend = 0.003). Also, in the final model, there is a significant direct association between EDIP score and odds of NAFLD [(OR T2 vs. T1 = 0.88, 95% CI 0.50–1.57) and (OR T3 vs. T1 = 1.82, 95% CI 1.02–3.23)], (Ptrend = 0.031). Conclusion Our results suggested that higher scores of EDIP and DIS, indicating the high inflammatory potential of dietary pattern, are associated with increased odds of NAFLD in Iranian adults.
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Lozano CP, Wilkens LR, Shvetsov YB, Maskarinec G, Park SY, Shepherd JA, Boushey CJ, Hebert JR, Wirth MD, Ernst T, Randolph T, Lim U, Lampe JW, Le Marchand L, Hullar MAJ. Associations of the Dietary Inflammatory Index with total adiposity and ectopic fat through the gut microbiota, LPS, and C-reactive protein in the Multiethnic Cohort-Adiposity Phenotype Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115:1344-1356. [PMID: 34871345 PMCID: PMC9071464 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanisms linking a proinflammatory diet to obesity remain under investigation. The ability of diet to influence the gut microbiome (GM) in creating chronic low-grade systemic inflammation provides a plausible connection to adiposity. OBJECTIVES Assess whether any associations seen between the Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII score), total fat mass, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), or liver fat (percentage volume) operated through the GM or microbial related inflammatory factors, in a multiethnic cross-sectional study. METHODS In the Multiethnic Cohort-Adiposity Phenotype Study (812 men, 843 women, aged 60-77 y) we tested whether associations between the E-DII and total adiposity, VAT, and liver fat function through the GM, LPS, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). DXA-derived total fat mass, MRI-measured VAT, and MRI-based liver fat were measured. Participants provided stool and fasting blood samples and completed an FFQ. Stool bacterial DNA was amplified and the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced at the V1-V3 region. E-DII score was computed from FFQ data, with a higher E-DII representing a more proinflammatory diet. The associations between E-DII score, GM (10 phyla, 28 genera, α diversity), and adiposity phenotypes were examined using linear regression and mediation analyses, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS There were positive total effects (c) between E-DII and total fat mass (c = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.90), VAT (c = 4.61; 95% CI: 2.95, 6.27), and liver fat (c = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.53). The association between E-DII score and total fat mass was mediated by LPS, Flavonifractor, [Ruminococcus] gnavus group, and Tyzzerella. The association between E-DII score and ectopic fat occurred indirectly through Fusobacteria, Christensenellaceae R-7 group, Coprococcus 2, Escherichia-Shigella, [Eubacterium] xylanophilum group, Flavonifractor, Lachnoclostridium, [Ruminococcus] gnavus group, Tyzzerella, [Ruminococcus] gnavus group (VAT only), and α diversity (liver fat only). There was no significant association between E-DII score and adiposity phenotype through hs-CRP. CONCLUSIONS Associations found between E-DII and adiposity phenotypes occurred through the GM and LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Song-Yi Park
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | | | - James R Hebert
- University of South Carolina,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Michael D Wirth
- University of South Carolina,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Thomas Ernst
- University of Maryland, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Timothy Randolph
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Unhee Lim
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Meredith A J Hullar
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Seattle, WA, USA
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Policarpo S, Carvalhana S, Craciun A, Crespo RR, Cortez-Pinto H. Do MAFLD Patients with Harmful Alcohol Consumption Have a Different Dietary Intake? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071335. [PMID: 35405948 PMCID: PMC9002682 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The term metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been proposed to define positively fatty liver disease in the form associated with metabolic risk factors. The aim of this study was to assess the dietary intake of MAFLD and explore a possible relationship between its inflammatory characteristics (assessed by Dietary Inflammatory Index—DII®), the degree of liver fibrosis (assessed by transient elastography), and the amount of alcohol intake. MAFLD patients were included (n = 161) and were classified, according to the amount of alcoholic intake, as MAFLD without alcohol intake (n = 77) and MAFLD with alcohol intake (n = 84), with 19 presenting harmful alcoholic consumption. Dietary intake was 1868 ± 415 kcal/day and did not present differences in energy or nutrient intake based on the presence of metabolic comorbidities. Patients with MAFLD and alcohol intake consumed significantly more energy and presented a tendency for higher intake of carbohydrates and sugar. Patients with harmful alcohol intake presented a higher intake of total fat and cholesterol compared with moderate alcohol intake. There were no differences in DII® based on fibrosis severity or the amount of alcohol consumption. This work contributes to the characterization of baseline dietary intake in MAFLD patients, paving the way to design more suited dietary interventional trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Policarpo
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (H.C.-P.)
- Serviço de Dietética e Nutrição, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, E.P.E., 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-217-999-465
| | - Sofia Carvalhana
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (H.C.-P.)
- Departamento de Gastrenterologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, E.P.E., 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.C.); (R.R.C.)
| | - Ana Craciun
- Departamento de Gastrenterologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, E.P.E., 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.C.); (R.R.C.)
- Clínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Rios Crespo
- Departamento de Gastrenterologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, E.P.E., 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.C.); (R.R.C.)
- Clínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena Cortez-Pinto
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (H.C.-P.)
- Departamento de Gastrenterologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, E.P.E., 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.C.); (R.R.C.)
- Clínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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Taheri E, Bostick RM, Hatami B, Pourhoseingholi MA, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Moslem A, Mousavi Jarrahi A, Zali MR. Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammation Scores Are Inversely Associated with Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease among Iranian Adults: A Nested Case-Control Study. J Nutr 2022; 152:559-567. [PMID: 34791370 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet and lifestyle may affect risk for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) by chronically elevating systemic inflammation. OBJECTIVES In this study we investigated the separate and joint associations of dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores (DIS and LIS, respectively) with MAFLD risk. METHODS For this nested case-control study we identified and recruited 968 patients with MAFLD (defined as having a fatty liver index ≥60 plus ≥1 of the following conditions: overweight or obese, type II diabetes mellitus, evidence of metabolic dysregulation) and 964 controls from among 35-70-y-old men and women in the baseline phase of the Sabzevar Persian Cohort Study. We collected demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary intake information (via a validated FFQ) from which we calculated a circulating inflammation biomarker-weighted, predominantly whole foods and beverages-based, 19-component DIS and a 3-component LIS. We estimated DIS- and LIS-MAFLD associations using multivariable unconditional logistic regression. We also calculated equal-weight DIS and LIS to capture all potential mechanisms (inflammation plus other mechanisms) for associations of diet and lifestyle with MAFLD risk. RESULTS Among those in the highest relative to the lowest DIS and LIS tertiles, the multivariable-adjusted ORs and their 95% CIs were OR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.61, 2.07; Ptrend < 0.001, and OR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.69, 2.21; Ptrend < 0.001, respectively. For those in the highest relative to the lowest joint DIS and LIS tertile, the values were OR: 2.56; 95% CI: 2.19, 2.93; Pinteraction < 0.001. The findings were similar by sex. The third tertile values for the equal-weight DIS- and LIS-MAFLD associations were OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.41, 2.34; and OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.85, 2.46, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that higher balances of pro- relative to anti-inflammatory dietary and lifestyle exposures, separately and especially jointly, may be associated with higher MAFLD risk among adults. Also, inflammation may be the primary mechanism through which diet affects MAFLD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsaneh Taheri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roberd M Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Behzad Hatami
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Pourhoseingholi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moslem
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Science, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Alireza Mousavi Jarrahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Anti-inflammatory diet consumption reduced fatty liver indices. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22601. [PMID: 34799655 PMCID: PMC8604894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and non-invasive markers of liver status in adults. This cross-sectional study was performed on 8520 adults, recruited in Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study, western Iran. The DII score was calculated based on participants’ dietary intakes obtained from Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Fatty Liver Index (FLI) score was calculated by anthropometric measurements and some non-invasive markers of liver status. Linear regression models were applied to estimate the associations and adjust the possible confounding factors. A greater DII score was significantly associated with higher energy intake, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), blood pressure, and FLI (P < 0.001). Participants with the highest DII score had a significantly higher consumption saturated fat, trans fat and red meat than those in the lowest quartile (P < 0.001). After adjustments of age and sex, participants in the highest quartile of the DII score had a greater risk of FLI (β: 0.742, 95% CI: 0.254, 0.601). More pro-inflammatory diet in participants was associated with a higher FLI. The DII score was positively associated with non-invasive liver markers. Thus, having an anti-inflammatory diet can help balance liver enzymes, reduce obesity, and decrease fatty liver.
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Ramírez-Vélez R, García-Hermoso A, Izquierdo M, Correa-Rodríguez M. The Dietary Inflammatory Index and hepatic health in the US adult population. J Hum Nutr Diet 2021; 35:968-979. [PMID: 34783091 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence on the role of an anti-/pro-inflammatory diet in the prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed (i) to assess the anti-inflammatory diet profile and its association with transient elastography parameters, including liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and (ii) to analyse the relationship between the anti-inflammatory diet and surrogate markers of liver disease in a multiethnic US population. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a nationally representative population of 4189 US adults aged 20-80 years. A FibroScan® 502 V2 device (Echosens) was used to estimate the CAP and LSM. Liver markers, including the aspartate transaminase (AST) to alanine transaminase (ALT) ratio, fatty liver index (FLI) and fibrosis-4 score, were also calculated. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was calculated using a 24-h diet recall. RESULTS Lower DII scores (anti-inflammatory diet) were associated with a lower AST:ALT ratio (p < 0.001) and FLI (p < 0.036) after adjusting for covariates. Linear regression analysis revealed that gamma-glutamyl transferase levels (β = 1.702, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.325-3.080, p = 0.015), ALT levels (β = -0.616, 95% CI = -1.097 to -0.135, p = 0.012), AST:ALT ratio (β = 0.025, 95% CI = 0.014-0.036, p < 0.001) and FLI (β = 1.168, 95% CI = 0.224-2.112, p = 0.015) were significantly associated with the DII in the multivariable-adjusted model. Participants in the highest anti-inflammatory tertile had the lowest odds ratio (OR) for NAFLD assessed by FLI in both unadjusted (OR = 0.652, 95% CI = 0.539-0.788, p ≤ 0.001) and adjusted models (OR = 0.722, 95% CI = 0.537-0.972, p = 0.032). For the transient elastography parameters (LSM and CAP), no significant associations were identified. CONCLUSIONS There was no relationship between the transient elastography parameters and the anti-inflammatory diet profile, although our study showed an association between higher pro-inflammatory properties of diet and poorer hepatic health assessed by surrogate markers of liver disease. Therefore, strategies to promote an anti-inflammatory diet should be considered to prevent NAFLD in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Physical Activity, Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Correa-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,The Institute for Biosanitary Research of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
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Relationship between Dietary Fatty Acid Intake with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis in People with HIV. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103462. [PMID: 34684463 PMCID: PMC8539489 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the relationship between food intake of lipids with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and/or liver fibrosis in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). In this cross-sectional study, transient elastography was used to detect the presence of NAFLD and/or liver fibrosis. The dietary intake of fats and fatty acids (FA) were assessed by two 24 h dietary recalls (24-HDR) (n = 451). Multivariate logistic regression models were performed. Participants with higher intake of total fat were associated with higher odds for NAFLD compared to those with lower consumption [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.91 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.06-3.44)]. Furthermore, participants with intermediate intake of n6-PUFA (n6-poly-unsaturated FA) and lauric FA had lower odds for NAFLD, respectively aOR = 0.54 (95% CI 0.3-0.98) and aOR = 0.42 (95% CI 0.22-0.78). Additionally, a higher intake of myristoleic FA (fourth quartile) was a significant protective factor for NAFLD [aOR = 0.56 (95% CI 0.32-0.99)]. Participants with higher intake of lauric FA [0.38 (95% CI 0.18-0.80)], myristic FA [0.38 (0.17-0.89)], palmitoleic FA [0.40 (0.19-0.82)] and oleic FA [0.35 (0.16-0.79)] had positively less odds of having liver fibrosis. On the other hand, higher intake of n-6 PUFA was significantly associated with fibrosis [aOR = 2.45 (95% CI 1.12-5.32)]. Dietary assessment of total fat and FA should be incorporated into HIV care as a tool for preventing NAFLD and fibrosis in PLWHA.
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Bullón Vela MV, Abete I, Zulet MDLÁ, Tur JA, Pintó X, Corbella E, Martínez González MÁ, Corella D, Macías González M, Tinahones F, Fitó M, Estruch R, Ros E, Salas Salvadó J, Daimiel L, Martínez JA. Risk factors differentially associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in males and females with metabolic syndrome. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2021; 112:94-100. [PMID: 31880161 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2019.6031/2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in western countries. This study aimed to investigate putative risk factors differentially related with NAFLD in obese males and females diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS), stratified using the non-invasive hepatic steatosis index (HSI). METHODS AND RESULTS a cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED Plus study was performed of 278 participants with MetS (141 males and 137 females) of the Navarra-Nutrition node. Subjects were categorized by HSI tertiles and gender. Baseline clinical, biochemical variants and adherence to a Mediterranean diet and physical activity were evaluated. RESULTS multivariate analyses showed that females had 4.54 more units of HSI (95% CI: 3.41 to 5.68) than males. Both sexes showed increased levels of triglycerides, TG/HDL cholesterol ratio and triglyceride glucose index across the HSI tertiles. Physical activity exhibited a negative statistical association with HSI (males: r = -0.19, p = 0.025; females: r = -0.18, p = 0.031). The amount of visceral fat showed a positive association with HSI in both sexes (males: r = 0.64, p < 0.001; females: r = 0.46, p < 0.001). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was lower in those subjects with higher HSI values (males: r = -0.18, p = 0.032; females r= -0.19, p = 0.027). CONCLUSION females had a poor liver status, suggesting gender differences related to NAFLD. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and physical activity were associated with beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease features. Thus, reducing the risk of hepatic steatosis in subjects with MetS and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Itziar Abete
- Ciencias de la Alimentación y Fisiología, Universidad de Navarra, España
| | | | - Josep A Tur
- Nutrición Comunitaria y Estrés Oxidativo (NUCOX), Universitat de les Illes Balears, España
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Unidad de Riesgo Vascular. Servicio Med. Interna, Universidad de Bellvitge Hospital-IDIBEL, España
| | - Emili Corbella
- Unidad de Riesgo Vascular. Servicio Med. Interna, Universidad de Bellvitge Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospital de Llobregat, España
| | | | - Dolores Corella
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Universidad de Valencia, España
| | - Manuel Macías González
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria. Universidad de Málaga, España
| | - Francisco Tinahones
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria. Universidad de Málaga, España
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdique, Grupo de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Nutrición (CARIN), España
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Universidad de Barcelona. Hospital Clínic, España
| | - Emilio Ros
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Universidad de Barcelona. Hospital Clínic, España
| | - Jordi Salas Salvadó
- Unidad de Nutrición Humana, Hospital Universitario de Sant Joan de Reus, España
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Instituto de Madrid de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA Food) , España
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Ciencias de la Alimentación y Fisiología, Universidad de Navarra, España
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Rivera K, Quiñones V, Amigo L, Santander N, Salas-Pérez F, Xavier A, Fernández-Galilea M, Carrasco G, Cabrera D, Arrese M, Busso D, Andia ME, Rigotti A. Lipoprotein receptor SR-B1 deficiency enhances adipose tissue inflammation and reduces susceptibility to hepatic steatosis during diet-induced obesity in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158909. [PMID: 33631309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) is a membrane lipoprotein receptor/lipid transporter involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but its role in obesity and fatty liver development is unclear. Here, we determined the effects of SR-B1 deficiency on plasma metabolic and inflammatory parameters as well as fat deposition in adipose tissue and liver during obesity. To induce obesity, we performed high-fat diet (HFD) exposure for 12 weeks in male SR-B1 knock-out (SR-B1-/-, n = 14) and wild-type (WT, n = 12) mice. Compared to HFD-fed WT mice, plasma from HFD-fed SR-B1-/- animals exhibited increased total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels. In addition, hypertrophied adipocytes and macrophage-containing crown-like structures (CLS) were observed in adipose tissue from HFD-fed SR-B1 deficient mice. Remarkably, liver from obese SR-B1-/- mice showed attenuated TG content, dysregulation in hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) expression, increased hepatic TG secretion, and altered hepatic fatty acid (FA) composition. In conclusion, we show that SR-B1 deficiency alters the metabolic environment of obese mice through modulation of liver and adipose tissue lipid accumulation. Our findings provide the basis for further elucidation of SR-B1's role in obesity and fatty liver, two major public health issues that increase the risk of advanced chronic diseases and overall mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Rivera
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Verónica Quiñones
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Ludwig Amigo
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Nicolás Santander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Francisca Salas-Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile.
| | - Aline Xavier
- Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago 7820436, Chile; Biomedical Imaging Center, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Marta Fernández-Galilea
- Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; IDISNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona 31008, Spain.
| | - Gonzalo Carrasco
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Daniel Cabrera
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile.
| | - Marco Arrese
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Dolores Busso
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 111711, Chile.
| | - Marcelo E Andia
- Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago 7820436, Chile; Biomedical Imaging Center, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago 7820436, Chile; Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
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Han MAT, Yu Q, Tafesh Z, Pyrsopoulos N. Diversity in NAFLD: A Review of Manifestations of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Different Ethnicities Globally. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2021; 9:71-80. [PMID: 33604257 PMCID: PMC7868692 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2020.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, the rise in prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome as a whole has been linked to increased access to processed foods, such as refined sugars and saturated fats. Consequently, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is on the rise in both developed and developing nations. However, much is still unknown on the NAFLD phenotype with regards to the effect of ethnic diversity. Despite similarities in dietary habits, it appears that certain ethnicities are more protected against NAFLD than others. However, manifestations of the same genetic polymorphisms in different groups of people increase those individuals' predisposition to NAFLD. Diets from different regions have been associated with a lower prevalence of NAFLD and have even been linked to regression of hepatic steatosis. Socioeconomic variations amongst different regions of the world also contribute to NAFLD prevalence and associated complications. Thus, a thorough understanding of ethnic variability in NAFLD is essential to tailoring treatment recommendations to patients of different backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos
- Correspondence to: Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, H-536, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. Tel: +1-973-972-5252, E-mail:
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Metabolic and Hepatic Effects of Energy-Reduced Anti-Inflammatory Diet in Younger Adults with Obesity. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 2021:6649142. [PMID: 33628758 PMCID: PMC7886596 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6649142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associated with epidemics of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most prevalent liver disease worldwide. The cornerstone of therapy for NAFLD is lifestyle intervention, mainly focused on weight loss. Significant weight loss results from energy-restricted diets, regardless of macronutrient distribution. An anti-inflammatory diet was related to lower odds of NAFLD among daily alcohol drinkers and individuals with metabolic syndrome. This study aims to evaluate the effect of an energy-reduced anti-inflammatory diet on liver status in younger adults with obesity after a 6-month follow-up. METHODS A two-arm randomized controlled trial surveyed 81 participants' (mean age, 43 years) anthropometric and body composition changes. Metabolic status was determined with glycaemic and lipid status, inflammatory status with hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α, and liver status with liver enzymes, NAFLD-FLS, FLI, and FIB-4 indices. The inflammatory potential of the diet was assessed by the Dietary Inflammatory Index, DII®. RESULTS Energy-restricted anti-inflammatory diet resulted in significant weight loss (-7.1%, p < 0.001), in reducing the visceral adiposity (-22.3%, p < 0.001), metabolic (HOMA-IR, -15.5%; total cholesterol, -5.3%; LDL-C, -4.6%; triglycerides, -12.2%), and inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP, -29.5%; IL-6, -18.2%; TNF-α, -34.2%), with significant improvement of liver parameters (NAFLD-FLS, -143.4%; FLI, -14.3%; FIB-4, -2.5%). CONCLUSION The study showed the effectiveness of the anti-inflammatory diet with significant improvement of liver parameters in younger adults with obesity, which may reinforce the effectiveness of nutrition-based lifestyle programs, with an anti-inflammatory dietary approach for the treatment and resolution of NAFLD.
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Khalatbari-Soltani S, Marques-Vidal P, Imamura F, Forouhi NG. Prospective association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and hepatic steatosis: the Swiss CoLaus cohort study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e040959. [PMID: 33371031 PMCID: PMC7757450 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Mediterranean diet has been promoted as a healthy dietary pattern, but whether the Mediterranean diet may help to prevent hepatic steatosis is not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the prospective association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of hepatic steatosis. DESIGN Population-based prospective cohort study. SETTING The Swiss CoLaus Study. PARTICIPANTS We evaluated 2288 adults (65.4% women, aged 55.8±10.0 years) without hepatic steatosis at first follow-up in 2009-2012. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was scaled as the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) based on the Mediterranean diet pyramid ascertained with responses to Food Frequency Questionnaires. OUTCOME MEASURES New onset of hepatic steatosis was ascertained by two indices separately: the Fatty Liver Index (FLI, ≥60 points) and the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) score (≥-0.640 points). Prospective associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of hepatic steatosis were quantified using Poisson regression. RESULTS During a mean 5.3 years of follow-up, hepatic steatosis was ascertained in 153 (6.7%) participants by FLI criteria and in 208 (9.1%) by NAFLD score. After multivariable adjustment, higher adherence to MDS was associated with lower risk of hepatic steatosis based on FLI: risk ratio 0.84 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.96) per 1 SD of MDS; 0.85 (0.73 to 0.99) adjusted for BMI; and 0.85 (0.71 to 1.02) adjusted for both BMI and waist circumference. When using NAFLD score, no significant association was found between MDS and risk of hepatic steatosis (0.95 (0.83 to 1.09)). CONCLUSION A potential role of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of hepatic steatosis is suggested by the inverse association observed between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and incidence of hepatic steatosis based on the FLI. The inconsistency of this association when hepatic steatosis was assessed by NAFLD score points to the need for accurate population-level assessment of fatty liver and its physiological markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Khalatbari-Soltani
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre for Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
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Dietary intake of specific amino acids and liver status in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: fatty liver in obesity (FLiO) study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1769-1780. [PMID: 32857176 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Identification of dietary factors involved in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is relevant to the current epidemics of the disease. Dietary amino acids appear to play a key role in the onset and progression of NAFLD. The aim of this study was to analyze potential associations between specific dietary amino acids and variables related to glucose metabolism and hepatic status in adults with overweight/obesity and NAFLD. METHODS One hundred and twelve individuals from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study were evaluated. Liver assessment was carried out by ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and analysis of biochemical parameters. Dietary amino acid intake (aromatic amino acids (AAA); branched-chain amino acids (BCAA); sulfur amino acids (SAA)) was estimated by means of a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Higher consumption of these amino acids was associated with worse hepatic health. Multiple adjusted regression models confirmed that dietary AAA, BCAA and SAA were positively associated with liver fat content. AAA and BCAA were positively associated with liver iron concentration. Regarding ferritin levels, a positive association was found with BCAA. Dietary intake of these amino acids was positively correlated with glucose metabolism (glycated hemoglobin, triglyceride and glucose index) although the significance disappeared when potential confounders were included in the model. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the consumption of specific dietary amino acids might negatively impact on liver status and, to a lesser extent on glucose metabolism in subjects with overweight/obesity and NAFLD. A control of specific dietary amino acid composition should be considered in the management of NAFLD and associated insulin resistance. NCT03183193; June 2017.
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Monserrat-Mesquida M, Quetglas-Llabrés M, Abbate M, Montemayor S, Mascaró CM, Casares M, Tejada S, Abete I, Zulet MA, Tur JA, Martínez JA, Sureda A. Oxidative Stress and Pro-Inflammatory Status in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E759. [PMID: 32824349 PMCID: PMC7463614 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive fat accumulation, especially triglycerides, in hepatocytes. If the pathology is not properly treated, it can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and continue to fibrosis, cirrhosis or hepatocarcinoma. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current research was to identify the plasma biomarkers of liver damage, oxidative stress and inflammation that facilitate the early diagnosis of the disease and control its progression. METHODS Antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in the plasma of patients diagnosed with NAFLD (n = 100 adults; 40-60 years old) living in the Balearic Islands, Spain. Patients were classified according to the intrahepatic fat content (IFC) measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS Circulating glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were higher in patients with an IFC ≥ 2 of NAFLD in comparison to patients with an IFC of 0 and 1. The plasma levels of catalase, irisin, interleukin-6, malondialdehyde, and cytokeratin 18 were higher in stage ≥2 subjects, whereas the resolvin D1 levels were lower. No differences were observed in xanthine oxidase, myeloperoxidase, protein carbonyl and fibroblast growth factor 21 depending on liver status. CONCLUSION The current available data show that the severity of NAFLD is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and proinflammatory status. It may be also useful as diagnostic purpose in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.Q.-L.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (C.M.M.); (S.T.); (A.S.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.); (M.A.Z.); (J.A.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.Q.-L.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (C.M.M.); (S.T.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuela Abbate
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.Q.-L.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (C.M.M.); (S.T.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Sofía Montemayor
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.Q.-L.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (C.M.M.); (S.T.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Catalina M. Mascaró
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.Q.-L.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (C.M.M.); (S.T.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Casares
- Radiodiagnosis Service, Red Asistencial Juaneda, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - Silvia Tejada
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.Q.-L.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (C.M.M.); (S.T.); (A.S.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.); (M.A.Z.); (J.A.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.); (M.A.Z.); (J.A.M.)
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Zulet
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.); (M.A.Z.); (J.A.M.)
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.Q.-L.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (C.M.M.); (S.T.); (A.S.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.); (M.A.Z.); (J.A.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.); (M.A.Z.); (J.A.M.)
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Cardiometabolics Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.Q.-L.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (C.M.M.); (S.T.); (A.S.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.); (M.A.Z.); (J.A.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Pinto SL, Juvanhol LL, da Silva A, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Bressan J. The Preoperative Dietary Inflammatory Index Predicts Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors After 12 Months of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. Obes Surg 2020; 30:3932-3939. [PMID: 32514776 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) in the preoperative period as well as 3 and 12 months post-surgery and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors after RYGB. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a prospective cohort study of 50 patients (both sexes) who underwent RYGB. All data were collected in 3 phases: before surgery, 3, and 12 months post-surgery. To calculate DII scores, we utilized mean nutrients from three 24-h recalls at each time point. RESULTS The patients had median age of 39.1 ± 7.9 years (70% women). Mean preoperative DII® score of 0.39 ± 1.49 was slightly pro-inflammatory. Mean DII score reduced to - 1.52 ± 1.27 after 3 months post-surgery and was classified anti-inflammatory. This value rebounded to - 0.88 ± 1.49 at 12 months but was still anti-inflammatory. From the adjusted linear regression analysis, we observed that preoperative DII score was statistically associated with variations in neck circumference (β = - 0.50; p = 0.03), waist-hip ratio (β = 0.01; p = 0.02), total cholesterol (β = 6.47; p = 0.002), and LDL cholesterol (β = 6.42; p = 0.001) after 12 months post-surgery. Changes in DII® at 3 and 12 months were not associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. CONCLUSION We observe significant changes in the inflammation potential of diet after 3 and 12 months of RYGB. Patients with higher preoperative E-DII scores have a greater metabolic improvement after 12 months of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sônia L Pinto
- Nutrition Course of the Federal University of Tocantins/TO, Federal University of Viçosa, Quadra 109 North, NS-15, ALCNO-14, Plano Diretor Norte, Palmas, Tocantins, 77001-090, Brazil. .,Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa/MG, University Campus, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Leidjaira L Juvanhol
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa/MG, University Campus, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra da Silva
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa/MG, University Campus, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa/MG, University Campus, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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Martinez-Urbistondo M, Mora-Vargas A, Expósito-Palomo E, Castejón R, Citores MJ, Rosado S, de Mendoza C, Baños I, Fernández-Cruz A, Daimiel L, San-Cristóbal R, Vargas JA, Martinez JA. Inflammatory-Related Clinical and Metabolic Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:2914275. [PMID: 33273888 PMCID: PMC7695993 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2914275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection elicits inflammatory manifestations that relate with a "cytokine storm." OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to assess the role of circulating interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels and other inflammatory markers in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on metabolic functions and accompanying clinical complications. Patients and Methods. A total of 165 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia were examined for medical features and inflammatory markers such as blood IL-6, CRP, ferritin, LDH, neutrophil/lymphocyte index (NLI), D-Dimer, and Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW). Regression analyses concerning electronically collected medical data were adjusted by appropriate factors and confounding variables. Results. Plasma IL-6 determinations evidenced a consistent association with hospital stay days, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, and mortality rates. Similar trends were found for other proinflammatory variables, where ferritin and NLI showed a remarkable value as surrogates. Hyperglycaemia and the Charlson Comorbidity Index Score were positively associated with the inflammatory response induced by the SARS-COV-2 infection. An unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking and alcoholic drinks consumption as well as excessive body adiposity influenced inflammatory-related outcomes in the screened patients. CONCLUSION IL-6 together with other inflammatory biomarkers accompanied poor clinical and metabolic outcomes in COVID-19-infected patients. IL-6 may result in a suitable proxy to individually categorise patients in order to manage this infectious pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Mora-Vargas
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Expósito-Palomo
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Castejón
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Jesús Citores
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Rosado
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen de Mendoza
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isolina Baños
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Cruz
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- 2Precision Nutrition Program. IMDEAFood. UAM-CSIC. Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Antonio Vargas
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martinez
- 2Precision Nutrition Program. IMDEAFood. UAM-CSIC. Madrid, Spain
- 3CIBERobn. Instituto Carlos III. Madrid, Spain
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44
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Aslani Z, Sadeghi O, Heidari-Beni M, Zahedi H, Baygi F, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Moradi S, Sotoudeh G, Asayesh H, Djalalinia S, Qorbani M. Association of dietary inflammatory potential with cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:86. [PMID: 33117453 PMCID: PMC7590706 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The association of dietary inflammatory index (DII®), as an index of inflammatory quality of diet, with cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) and risk factors (CMRFs) has been inconsistent in previous studies. OBJECTIVE The current systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association of the DII score with CMDs and CMRFs. DATA SOURCES All published observational studies (cohort, case-control and cross-sectional) using PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were retrieved from inception through November 2019. DATA EXTRACTION Two reviewers independently extracted the data from included studies. DATA ANALYSIS Pooled hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) were calculated by using a random-effects model. RESULTS Ten prospective cohort studies (total n = 291,968) with 31,069 CMDs-specific mortality, six prospective cohort studies (total n = 43,340) with 1311 CMDs-specific morbidity, two case-control studies with 2140 cases and 6246 controls and one cross-sectional study (total n = 15,613) with 1734 CMDs-specific morbidity were identified for CMDs. Meta-analyses of published observational studies demonstrated that the highest DII score category versus the lowest DII score category was associated with 29% increased risk of CMDs mortality (HR = 1.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18, 1.41). Moreover, there was a significant association between the DII score and risk of CMDs in cohort studies (HR = 1.35; 95% CI 1.13, 1.61) and non-cohort study (HR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.18, 1.57). We found a significant association between the DII score and metabolic syndrome (MetS) (OR: 1.13; 95% CI 1.03, 1.25), hyperglycemia and hypertension. None-linear dose response meta-analysis showed that there was a significant association between the DII score and risk of CMDs mortality (Pnonlinearity < 0.001). Moreover, evidence of none-linear association between the DII score and risk of CMDs was not observed (p-value = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to pro-inflammatory diet was associated with increased risk of CMDs, mortality and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Aslani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahar Heidari-Beni
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hoda Zahedi
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Baygi
- Center of Maritime Health and Society, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201 USA
| | - James R. Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201 USA
| | - Sajjad Moradi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gity Sotoudeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asayesh
- Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Shirin Djalalinia
- Development of Research & Technology Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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45
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Antwi SO, Bamlet WR, Pedersen KS, Chaffee KG, Risch HA, Shivappa N, Steck SE, Anderson KE, Bracci PM, Polesel J, Serraino D, La Vecchia C, Bosetti C, Li D, Oberg AL, Arslan AA, Albanes D, Duell EJ, Huybrechts I, Amundadottir LT, Hoover R, Mannisto S, Chanock SJ, Zheng W, Shu XO, Stepien M, Canzian F, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Quirós JR, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Bruinsma F, Milne RL, Giles GG, Hébert JR, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Petersen GM. Pancreatic cancer risk is modulated by inflammatory potential of diet and ABO genotype: a consortia-based evaluation and replication study. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:1056-1067. [PMID: 29800239 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diets with high inflammatory potential are suspected to increase risk for pancreatic cancer (PC). Using pooled analyses, we examined whether this association applies to populations from different geographic regions and population subgroups with varying risks for PC, including variation in ABO blood type. Data from six case-control studies (cases, n = 2414; controls, n = 4528) in the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4) were analyzed, followed by replication in five nested case-control studies (cases, n = 1268; controls, n = 4215) from the Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan). Two polymorphisms in the ABO locus (rs505922 and rs8176746) were used to infer participants' blood types. Dietary questionnaire-derived nutrient/food intake was used to compute energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII®) scores to assess inflammatory potential of diet. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. Higher E-DII scores, reflecting greater inflammatory potential of diet, were associated with increased PC risk in PanC4 [ORQ5 versus Q1=2.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.85-2.61, Ptrend < 0.0001; ORcontinuous = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.17-1.24], and PanScan (ORQ5 versus Q1 = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.92-1.66, Ptrend = 0.008; ORcontinuous = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.02-1.15). As expected, genotype-derived non-O blood type was associated with increased PC risk in both the PanC4 and PanScan studies. Stratified analyses of associations between E-DII quintiles and PC by genotype-derived ABO blood type did not show interaction by blood type (Pinteraction = 0.10 in PanC4 and Pinteraction=0.13 in PanScan). The results show that consuming a pro-inflammatory diet and carrying non-O blood type are each individually, but not interactively, associated with increased PC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O Antwi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William R Bamlet
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Kari G Chaffee
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Susan E Steck
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Kristin E Anderson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alan A Arslan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, France
| | - Laufey T Amundadottir
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Satu Mannisto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Magdalena Stepien
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, France
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, UK.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Pantai Valley, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fiona Bruinsma
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, and Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, and Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, and Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Rachael Z Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gloria M Petersen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Pintó X, Fanlo-Maresma M, Corbella E, Corbella X, Mitjavila MT, Moreno JJ, Casas R, Estruch R, Corella D, Bulló M, Ruiz-Canela M, Castañer O, Martinez JA, Ros E. A Mediterranean Diet Rich in Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Is Associated with a Reduced Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Older Individuals at High Cardiovascular Risk. J Nutr 2019; 149:1920-1929. [PMID: 31334554 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is thought to reduce liver steatosis. OBJECTIVES To explore the associations with liver steatosis of 3 different diets: a MedDiet + extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), MedDiet + nuts, or a control diet. METHODS This was a subgroup analysis nested within a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial, PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED trial: ISRCTN35739639), aimed at assessing the effect of a MedDiet on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. One hundred men and women (mean age: 64 ± 6 y), at high cardiovascular risk (62% with type 2 diabetes) from the Bellvitge-PREDIMED center were randomly assigned to a MedDiet supplemented with EVOO, a MedDiet supplemented with mixed nuts, or a control diet (advice to reduce all dietary fat). No recommendations to lose weight or increase physical activity were given. Main measurements were the percentage of liver fat and the diagnosis of steatosis, which were determined by NMR imaging. The association of diet with liver fat content was analyzed by bivariate analysis after a median follow-up of 3 y. RESULTS Baseline adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors were similar among the 3 treatment arms. At 3 y after the intervention hepatic steatosis was present in 3 (8.8%), 12 (33.3%), and 10 (33.3%) of the participants in the MedDiet + EVOO, MedDiet + nuts, and control diet groups, respectively (P = 0.027). Respective mean values of liver fat content were 1.2%, 2.7%, and 4.1% (P = 0.07). A tendency toward significance was observed for the MedDiet + EVOO group compared with the control group. Median values of urinary 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid/creatinine concentrations were significantly (P = 0.001) lower in the MedDiet + EVOO (2.3 ng/mg) than in the MedDiet + nuts (5.0 ng/mg) and control (3.9 ng/mg) groups. No differences in adiposity or glycemic control changes were seen between groups. CONCLUSIONS An energy-unrestricted MedDiet supplemented with EVOO, a food with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is associated with a reduced prevalence of hepatic steatosis in older individuals at high cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Pintó
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Fanlo-Maresma
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emili Corbella
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Corbella
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Teresa Mitjavila
- Departament de Biologia Cel.lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, INSA-UB, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan J Moreno
- Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Nutrición, Ciencias de la Alimentación y Gastronomía, Facultad de Farmacia y Ciencias de la Alimentación, Campus de la Alimentación Torribera, INSA-UB, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mònica Bulló
- Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Human Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology, and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
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47
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Influence of lifestyle factors and staple foods from the Mediterranean diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among older individuals with metabolic syndrome features. Nutrition 2019; 71:110620. [PMID: 31838461 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver morbidity. This condition often is accompanied by obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the connection between lifestyle factors and NAFLD in individuals with MetS. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 328 participants (55-75 y of age) diagnosed with MetS participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial was conducted. NAFLD status was evaluated using the non-invasive hepatic steatosis index (HSI). Sociodemographic, clinical, and dietary data were collected. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (mainly assessed by the consumption of olive oil, nuts, legumes, whole grain foods, fish, vegetables, fruits, and red wine) and physical activity were assessed using validated questionnaires. RESULTS Linear regression analyses revealed that HSI values tended to be lower with increasing physical activity tertiles (T2, β = -1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.73 to -0.20; T3, β = -1.93; 95% CI, -3.22 to -0.65 versus T1, Ptrend = 0.001) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with HSI values: (moderate adherence β = -0.70; 95% CI, -1.92 to 0.53; high adherence β = -1.57; 95% CI, -3.01 to -0.13 versus lower, Ptrend = 0.041). Higher tertiles of legume consumption were inversely associated with the highest tertile of HSI (T2, relative risk ratio [RRR], 0.45; 95% CI, 0.22-0.92; P = 0.028; T3, RRR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.24-0.97; P = 0.041 versus T1). CONCLUSION Physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and consumption of legumes were inversely associated with a non-invasive marker of NAFLD in individuals with MetS. This data can be useful in implementing precision strategies aimed at the prevention, monitoring, and management of NAFLD.
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48
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Abete I, Konieczna J, Zulet MA, Galmés-Panades AM, Ibero-Baraibar I, Babio N, Estruch R, Vidal J, Toledo E, Razquin C, Bartolomé R, Díaz-Lopez A, Fiol M, Casas R, Vera J, Buil-Cosiales P, Pintó X, Corbella E, Portillo MP, de Paz JA, Martín V, Daimiel L, Goday A, Rosique-Esteban N, Salas-Salvadó J, Romaguera D, Martínez JA. Association of lifestyle factors and inflammation with sarcopenic obesity: data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:974-984. [PMID: 31144432 PMCID: PMC6818445 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder associated with increased likelihood of adverse outcomes. Muscle wasting is often accompanied by an increase in body fat, leading to 'sarcopenic obesity'. The aim of the present study was to analyse the association of lifestyle variables such as diet, dietary components, physical activity (PA), body composition, and inflammatory markers, with the risk of sarcopenic obesity. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis based on baseline data from the PREDIMED-Plus study was performed. A total of 1535 participants (48% women) with overweight/obesity (body mass index: 32.5 ± 3.3 kg/m2 ; age: 65.2 ± 4.9 years old) and metabolic syndrome were categorized according to sex-specific tertiles (T) of the sarcopenic index (SI) as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning. Anthropometrical measurements, biochemical markers, dietary intake, and PA information were collected. Linear regression analyses were carried out to evaluate the association between variables. RESULTS Subjects in the first SI tertile were older, less physically active, showed higher frequency of abdominal obesity and diabetes, and consumed higher saturated fat and less vitamin C than subjects from the other two tertiles (all P < 0.05). Multiple adjusted linear regression models evidenced significant positive associations across tertiles of SI with adherence to the Mediterranean dietary score (P-trend < 0.05), PA (P-trend < 0.0001), and the 30 s chair stand test (P-trend < 0.0001), whereas significant negative associations were found with an inadequate vitamin C consumption (P-trend < 0.05), visceral fat and leucocyte count (all P-trend < 0.0001), and some white cell subtypes (neutrophils and monocytes), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet count (all P-trend < 0.05). When models were additionally adjusted by potential mediators (inflammatory markers, diabetes, and waist circumference), no relevant changes were observed, only dietary variables lost significance. CONCLUSIONS Diet and PA are important regulatory mediators of systemic inflammation, which is directly involved in the sarcopenic process. A healthy dietary pattern combined with exercise is a promising strategy to limit age-related sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Abete
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M Angeles Zulet
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aina M Galmés-Panades
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Idoia Ibero-Baraibar
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Department of Endocrinology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Bartolomé
- Atención Primaria, Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Andrés Díaz-Lopez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vera
- Institut Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Buil-Cosiales
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Atención Primaria, Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emili Corbella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Puy Portillo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Martín
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of León, León, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA), Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department de Medicina, Hospital del Mar Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Rosique-Esteban
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA), Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
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Tyrovolas S, Panagiotakos DB, Georgousopoulou EN, Chrysohoou C, Skoumas J, Pan W, Tousoulis D, Pitsavos C. The anti-inflammatory potential of diet and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the ATTICA study. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2019; 12:1756284819858039. [PMID: 31258620 PMCID: PMC6591656 DOI: 10.1177/1756284819858039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is correlated with low-grade inflammation and dietary habits. Until today, there have been limited epidemiologic data assessing the role of diet's inflammatory potential on NAFLD. The aim was to evaluate the relationship between an anti-inflammatory diet, as reflected by the Dietary Anti-Inflammation Index (D-AII), and NAFLD among cardiovascular disease (CVD)-free adults. METHODS ATTICA is a prospective, population-based study that recruited 3042 adults without pre-existing CVD from the Greek population (Whites; age ⩾18 years; 1514 men and 1528 women). D-AII was calculated using a standard procedure. The baseline study captured various sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical characteristics as well as hepatic markers. These were used to calculate four NAFLD assessment indices: triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), and NAFLD Fatty Liver Score (NAFLD-FLS). Specific cutoffs were applied to capture NAFLD. RESULTS D-AII showed a significant inverse association with NAFLD, applying the four indices with NAFLD cutoffs [odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI); TyG (0.95, 0.93-0.98); HSI (0.89, 0.86-0.92); FLI (0.88, 0.85-0.91); NAFLD-FLS (0.89, 0.86-0.92)], after adjusting for various confounders. Participants in the highest D-AII tertile had lower odds of having NAFLD, compared with those in the lowest D-AII tertile [(OR, 95% CI); TyG (0.33, 0.24-0.47); HSI (0.13, 0.08-0.23); FLI (0.05, 0.02-0.11); NAFLD-FLS (0.13, 0.07-0.23)]. Anti-inflammatory nutrition was related to lower odds of NAFLD among daily alcohol drinkers and individuals with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Anti-inflammatory diet is an important predictor of NAFLD among adults without pre-existing CVD. Adherence to a high anti-inflammatory diet seems to contribute to NAFLD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de
Barcelona. Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujades, Barcelona,
Spain,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de
Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid,Department of Science of Dietetics and
Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University,
Athens, Greece
| | | | - Ekavi N. Georgousopoulou
- Department of Science of Dietetics and
Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University,
Athens, Greece,Faculty of Health, University of Canberra,
Canberra, Australia,Medical School, The Australian National
University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine,
University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - John Skoumas
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine,
University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - William Pan
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke
University, Durham, NC, USA,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University,
Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dimitrios Tousoulis
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine,
University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine,
University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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50
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Association between Sleep Disturbances and Liver Status in Obese Subjects with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comparison with Healthy Controls. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020322. [PMID: 30717355 PMCID: PMC6412197 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The relevance of sleep patterns in the onset or evolution of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate the association between sleep characteristics and hepatic status indicators in obese people with NAFLD compared to normal weight non-NAFLD controls. Ninety-four overweight or obese patients with NAFLD and 40 non-NAFLD normal weight controls assessed by abdominal ultrasonography were enrolled. Hepatic status evaluation considered liver stiffness determined by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse elastography (ARFI) and transaminases. Additionally, anthropometric measurements, clinical characteristics, and biochemical profiles were determined. Sleep features were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Hepatic status parameters, anthropometric measurements, and clinical and biochemical markers differed significantly in NAFLD subjects compared to controls, as well as sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance score, and sleep quality score. In the NAFLD group, a higher prevalence of short sleep duration (p = 0.005) and poor sleep quality (p = 0.041) were found. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for NAFLD considering sleep disturbance was 1.59 (1.11–2.28). Regression models that included either sleep disturbance or sleep quality predicted up to 20.3% and 20.4% of the variability of liver stiffness, respectively, and after adjusting for potential confounders. Current findings suggest that sleep disruption may be contributing to the pathogenesis of NAFLD as well as the alteration of the liver may be affecting sleep patterns. Consequently, sleep characteristics may be added to the list of modifiable behaviors to consider in health promotion strategies and in the prevention and management of NAFLD.
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