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Wang J, Huang Y, Bei C, Yang H, Lin Z, Xu L. Causal associations of antioxidants with Alzheimer's disease and cognitive function: a Mendelian randomisation study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2024; 78:424-430. [PMID: 38589220 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2023-221184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating antioxidants are associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in observational studies, suggesting potential target areas for intervention. However, whether the associations are causal remains unclear. Here, we studied the causality between antioxidants and AD or cognitive function using two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR). METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms strongly (p<5×10-8) associated with antioxidants (vitamin A, vitamin C, zinc, selenium, β-carotene and urate) and outcomes (AD, cognitive performance and reaction time) were obtained from the largest and most recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS). MR inverse variance weighting (IVW) and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (MR-PRESSO) were used for data analysis. RESULTS Higher genetically determined selenium level was associated with 5% higher risk of AD (OR 1.047, 95% CI 1.005 to 1.091, p=0.028) using IVW. Higher genetically determined urate level was associated with worse cognitive performance (β=-0.026, 95% CI -0.044 to -0.008, p=0.005) using MR-PRESSO. No association between the other antioxidants and AD, cognitive performance and reaction time was found. Similar results were found in the sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that lifelong exposure to higher selenium may be associated with a higher risk of AD, and higher urate levels could be associated with worse cognitive performance. Further analyses using larger GWAS of antioxidants are warranted to confirm these observations. Our results suggest that caution is needed in the interpretation of traditional observational evidence on the neuroprotective effects of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingyue Huang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhua Bei
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Huiling Yang
- Eastern-fusion Master Studio of Hezhou, Hezhou, China
| | - Zihong Lin
- Hezhou Research Institute of Longevity Health Science, Hezhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
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Appiah D, Ingabire-Gasana E, Appiah L, Yang J. The Relation of Serum Vitamin C Concentrations with Alzheimer's Disease Mortality in a National Cohort of Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:1672. [PMID: 38892605 PMCID: PMC11174700 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The relation of vitamin C with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is equivocal. The aim of this study was to assess the relation of serum vitamin C levels with AD-related mortality, and to evaluate the threshold beyond which the potential benefits of higher serum concentrations of vitamin C for AD mortality ceases. The cohort consisted of 4504 adults aged ≥60 years enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who had serum measures of vitamin C and no cognitive impairment at baseline (1988-1994) and were followed-up for mortality until 2019. Vitamin C was assayed from fasting blood samples using isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography. At baseline, the mean age of participants was 70 years, with 42.7% being men. At the end of follow-up (median: 15 years), the AD mortality rate was 2.4 per 1000 person-years. In the Cox regression models, compared to participants in the lowest tertile of serum vitamin C (<0.56 mg/dL), those in the highest tertile (>0.98 mg/dL) had a lower risk of AD mortality (hazard ratio: 0.44, 95% confidence intervals: 0.25-0.77) after adjusting for sociodemographic factors, behavior/lifestyle factors, prevalent health conditions, and dietary vitamin C intake. In dose-response analysis using restricted cubic splines, vitamin C concentrations beyond 2.3 mg/dL were associated with the elevated risk of AD-related mortality. The findings from this national sample of community-dwelling elderly adults suggest that higher levels of serum vitamin C are associated with slower AD disease progression, although levels beyond the normal reference values were associated with a higher risk of AD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duke Appiah
- Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | | | - Linda Appiah
- College of Education, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Jeanne Yang
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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Liu C, Zhang H, Yang Y, Cao Y, Liang D. The association between vitamin C intake and the risk of abdominal aortic calcification: A population-based study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 60:254-260. [PMID: 38479919 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of dietary vitamin C intake on human health have received widespread attention from the population. However, the correlation between vitamin C intake and abdominal aortic calcification remains unclear. The authors aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary vitamin C intake and AAC in US adults. METHODS Our data for this study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014, and participants had complete data on dietary vitamin C intake and AAC scores. We used weighted multivariate linear regression and multivariate logistic regression analyses to explore the independent relationship between vitamin C intake and AAC scores, along with subgroup analyses and restricted cubic splines. RESULTS A total of 2876 participants were enrolled in this study, with a mean AAC score of 1.47 ± 0.14 and a prevalence of severe AAC of 8.12%. We observed a 0.5 unit decrease in AAC scores in participants in the highest quartile compared to those in the lowest quartile of VitC intake. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between VitC intake and risk of severe AAC. Besides, subgroup analysis and interaction tests showed that there was no dependence of the association between VitC intake and AAC. CONCLUSION Dietary VitC intake was associated with reduced AAC scores, but there was no significant correlation between dietary VitC intake and risk of severe AAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Yang
- The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cao
- The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Endocrine, People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China.
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Hemilä H, de Man AME. Vitamin C deficiency can lead to pulmonary hypertension: a systematic review of case reports. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:140. [PMID: 38504249 PMCID: PMC10949735 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the early literature, unintentional vitamin C deficiency in humans was associated with heart failure. Experimental vitamin C deficiency in guinea pigs caused enlargement of the heart. The purpose of this study was to collect and analyze case reports on vitamin C and pulmonary hypertension. METHODS We searched Pubmed and Scopus for case studies in which vitamin C deficiency was considered to be the cause of pulmonary hypertension. We selected reports in which pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed by echocardiography or catheterization, for any age, sex, or dosage of vitamin C. We extracted quantitative data for our analysis. We used the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) as the outcome of primary interest. RESULTS We identified 32 case reports, 21 of which were published in the last 5 years. Dyspnea was reported in 69%, edema in 53% and fatigue in 28% of the patients. Vitamin C plasma levels, measured in 27 cases, were undetectable in 24 and very low in 3 cases. Diet was poor in 30 cases and 17 cases had neuropsychiatric disorders. Right ventricular enlargement was reported in 24 cases. During periods of vitamin C deficiency, the median mPAP was 48 mmHg (range 29-77 mmHg; N = 28). After the start of vitamin C administration, the median mPAP was 20 mmHg (range 12-33 mmHg; N = 18). For the latter 18 cases, mPAP was 2.4-fold (median) higher during vitamin C deficiency. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) during vitamin C deficiency was reported for 9 cases, ranging from 4.1 to 41 Wood units. PVR was 9-fold (median; N = 5) higher during vitamin C deficiency than during vitamin C administration. In 8 cases, there was direct evidence that the cases were pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Probably the majority of the remaining cases were also PAH. CONCLUSIONS The cases analyzed in our study indicate that pulmonary hypertension can be one explanation for the reported heart failure of scurvy patients in the early literature. It would seem sensible to measure plasma vitamin C levels of patients with PH and examine the effects of vitamin C administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harri Hemilä
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, POB 41, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Angelique M E de Man
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Chen X, Zheng Y, Wang J, Yue B, Zhang X, Nakai K, Yan LL. Resting heart rate and risk of dementia: a Mendelian randomization study in the international genomics of Alzheimer's Project and UK Biobank. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17073. [PMID: 38500529 PMCID: PMC10946385 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have demonstrated that a higher resting heart rate (RHR) is associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, it is not clear whether the association is causal. This study aimed to determine the causal effects of higher genetically predicted RHR on the risk of dementia. Methods We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal effect of higher genetically predicted RHR on Alzheimer's disease (AD) using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies. The generalized summary Mendelian randomization (GSMR) analysis was used to analyze the corresponding effects of RHR on following different outcomes: 1) diagnosis of AD (International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project), 2) family history (maternal and paternal) of AD from UK Biobank, 3) combined meta-analysis including these three GWAS results. Further analyses were conducted to determine the possibility of reverse causal association by adjusting for RHR modifying medication. Results The results of GSMR showed no significant causal effect of higher genetically predicted RHR on the risk of AD (βGSMR = 0.12, P = 0.30). GSMR applied to the maternal family history of AD (βGSMR = -0.18, P = 0.13) and to the paternal family history of AD (βGSMR = -0.14, P = 0.39) showed the same results. Furthermore, the results were robust after adjusting for RHR modifying drugs (βGSMR = -0.03, P = 0.72). Conclusion Our study did not find any evidence that supports a causal effect of RHR on dementia. Previous observational associations between RHR and dementia are likely attributed to the correlation between RHR and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Duke Kunshan University, Global Health Research Center, Kunshan, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- The University of Tokyo, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Science, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Jun Wang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Union Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Blake Yue
- School of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xian Zhang
- Duke Kunshan University, Global Health Research Center, Kunshan, Suzhou, China
| | - Kenta Nakai
- The University of Tokyo, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Science, Kashiwa, Japan
- The University of Tokyo, The Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lijing L. Yan
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Duke Kunshan University, Global Health Research Center, Kunshan, Suzhou, China
- Duke University, Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Peking University, Institute for Global Health and Management, Beijing, China
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6
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Xue H, Luo Q, Chen J, Fan W. Assessing the Causal Relationship between Genetically Determined Inflammatory Cytokines and Parkinson's Disease Risk: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:9069870. [PMID: 38455364 PMCID: PMC10919978 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9069870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have suggested an association between inflammatory cytokines and Parkinson's disease (PD). This Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted to further assess the causal correlations between inflammatory cytokines and PD. Methods Genetic instruments associated with inflammatory cytokines were extracted from a large summary genome-wide association studies (GWAS) involving 8,293 European participants. Summary-level statistics for PD were obtained from a large-sample GWAS containing 17 studies that involved European participants. Causalities of exposures and outcomes were explored mainly using inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Results The IVW method indicated that basic fibroblast growth factor (FGFBasic), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) may be suggestively associated with the risk of PD (OR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.52-0.96, P = 0.027; OR: 1.18, 95%CI: 1.01-1.38, P = 0.041; and OR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.04-1.46, P = 0.018). In the reverse direction, monokine induced by interferon gamma (MIG), beta nerve growth factor (bNGF), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and interferon gamma (IFNg) are suggested to be the consequences of PD. Conclusion Our MR analysis indicated that suggestive associations between circulating levels of FGFBasic, IL-2, and MIF and PD risk. In addition, MIG, bNGF, IL-17, and IFNg are more likely to be involved in the development of downstream PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xue
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Taikang Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Jian Yang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenhui Fan
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Taikang Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, China
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Wu Z, Jiang Y, Guo Z, Li P, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Balmer L, Li X, Tao L, Zhang Q, Gao B, Guo X. Remnant cholesterol traits and risk of stroke: A multivariable Mendelian randomization study. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae033. [PMID: 38380054 PMCID: PMC10877093 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Observational epidemiological studies have reported a relationship between remnant cholesterol and stroke. However, the results are inconclusive, and causality remains unclear due to confounding or reverse causality. Our objective in this study was to investigate the causal relevance of remnant cholesterol and the risk of stroke and its subtypes using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) including 115,082 European individuals (UK Biobank) were used to identify instruments for remnant cholesterol, including intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) cholesterol and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol. Summary-level data for total stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, ischemic stroke (IS), and IS subtypes were obtained from GWAS meta-analyses conducted by the MEGASTROKE consortium. Univariable and multivariable MR analyses were performed. The GWAS identified multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms after clumping for remnant cholesterol (n = 52), IDL cholesterol (n = 62), and VLDL cholesterol (n = 67). Assessed individually using MR, remnant cholesterol (weighted median: odds ratio [OR] 1.32 per 1-SD higher trait; 95% CI: 1.04-1.67; P = 0.024) had effect estimates consistent with a higher risk of LAS-IS, driven by IDL cholesterol (OR 1.32; 95% CI: 1.04-1.68; P = 0.022). In multivariable MR, IDL cholesterol (OR 1.46; 95% CI: 1.10-1.93; P = 0.009) retained a robust effect on LAS-IS after controlling for VLDL cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The MR analysis did not indicate causal associations between remnant cholesterol and other stroke subtypes. This study suggests that remnant cholesterol is causally associated with the risk of LAS-IS driven by IDL cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Wu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Yue Jiang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Pingan Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yulu Zheng
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Yutao Wang
- Centre of Xunshu, Shanghai Fufan Information Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haiping Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lois Balmer
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Xingang Li
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Lixin Tao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Informatics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Zonneveld MH, Trompet S, Jukema JW, Noordam R. Exploring the possible causal effects of cardiac blood biomarkers in dementia and cognitive performance: a Mendelian randomization study. GeroScience 2023; 45:3165-3174. [PMID: 37178386 PMCID: PMC10643774 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prospective cohort studies have implied associations between blood levels of troponin T, troponin I, NT-proBNP, GDF15, dementia, and cognitive function, without providing evidence favoring possible causality. We aimed to assess the causal associations of these cardiac blood biomarkers with dementia and cognition using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Independent genetic instruments (p < 5e-7) for troponin T and I, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and growth-differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) were obtained from previously-performed genome-wide association studies of predominantly European ancestry. Summary statistics for gene-outcome associations in European-ancestry participants, for the two-sample MR analyses, were obtained for general cognitive performance (n = 257,842) and dementia (n = 111,326 clinically diagnosed and "proxy" AD cases, and 677,663 controls). Two-sample MR analyses were performed using inverse variance-weighted (IWV) analyses. Sensitivity analyses to evaluate horizontal pleiotropy included weighted median estimator, MR-Egger, and MR using cis-SNPs only. Using IVW, we did not find evidence for possible causal associations between genetically influenced cardiac biomarkers with cognition and dementia. For example, per standard deviation (SD) higher cardiac blood biomarker, the odds ratio for risk of dementia was 1.06 (95%CI 0.90; 1.21) for troponin T, 0.98 (95%CI 0.72; 1.23) for troponin I, 0.97 (95%CI 0.90; 1.06) for NT-proBNP and 1.07 (95%CI 0.93; 1.21) for GDF15. Sensitivity analyses showed higher GDF15 was significantly associated with higher dementia risk and worse cognitive function. We did not find strong evidence that cardiac biomarkers causally influence dementia risk. Future research should aim at elucidating the biological pathways through which cardiac blood biomarkers associate with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle H Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Yuan G, Yang M, Xie J, Xu K, Zhang F. No evidence of genetic causal association between sex hormone-related traits and systemic lupus erythematosus: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:3237-3249. [PMID: 37495778 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have demonstrated an association between sex hormone-related traits and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, because of the difficulties in determining sequential temporality, the causal association remains elusive. In this study, we used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the genetic causal associations between sex hormone-related traits and SLE. METHODS We used a two-sample MR to explore the causal association between sex hormone-related traits and SLE. The summarized data for sex hormone-related traits (including testosterone, estradiol (E2), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and bioavailable testosterone (BT)) originated from large genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of European descent. Aggregated data for SLE were derived from the FinnGen consortium (835 cases and 300,162 controls). Random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, and fixed-effects IVW methods were used for the MR analysis. Random-effects IVW was the primary method used to analyze the genetic causal association between sex hormone-related traits and SLE. Heterogeneity of the MR results was detected using the IVW Cochran's Q estimates. The pleiotropy of MR results was detected using MR-Egger regression and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test. Finally, leave-one-out analysis was performed to determine whether MR results were affected by a single single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). RESULTS Random-effects IVW as the primary method showed that testosterone (odds ratio (OR), 0.87; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41-1.82; P = 0.705), E2 (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.73-1.23; P = 0.693), SHBG (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.74-2.13; P = 0.400), and BT (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.67-1.47; P = 0.959) had no potential causal association with SLE. The MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, and fixed-effects IVW methods all indicated consistent results. The results of the MR-Egger regression showed that there was no pleiotropy in our MR analysis (P > 0.05). The IVW Cochran's Q estimates showed that the MR analysis results of E2, SHBG, and BT on SLE had no heterogeneity (P > 0.05), but testosterone and SLE had heterogeneity (P < 0.05). The leave-one-out analysis confirmed that a single SNP did not affect the MR results. CONCLUSIONS Our MR analysis demonstrated that genetically predicted testosterone, E2, SHBG, and BT levels were not associated with SLE risk, but the roles of other non-genetic pathways cannot be ruled out. Key Points • This is the first MR study to explore the causal association of sex hormone-related traits with SLE. • No evidence to support causal associations between sex hormone-related traits and SLE. • Our MR analysis may provide novel insights into the causal association between sex hormone-related traits and SLE risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolian Yuan
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingyi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiale Xie
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Jiang J, Shi H, Jiang S, Wang A, Zou X, Wang Y, Li W, Zhang Y, Sun M, Ren Q, Xu J. Nutrition in Alzheimer's disease: a review of an underappreciated pathophysiological mechanism. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2257-2279. [PMID: 37058185 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2276-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in older individuals and is an escalating challenge to global public health. Pharmacy therapy of AD is one of the well-funded areas; however, little progress has been made due to the complex pathogenesis. Recent evidence has demonstrated that modifying risk factors and lifestyle may prevent or delay the incidence of AD by 40%, which suggests that the management should pivot from single pharmacotherapy toward a multipronged approach because AD is a complex and multifaceted disease. Recently, the gut-microbiota-brain axis has gained tremendous traction in the pathogenesis of AD through bidirectional communication with multiple neural, immune, and metabolic pathways, providing new insights into novel therapeutic strategies. Dietary nutrition is an important and profound environmental factor that influences the composition and function of the microbiota. The Nutrition for Dementia Prevention Working Group recently found that dietary nutrition can affect cognition in AD-related dementia directly or indirectly through complex interactions of behavioral, genetic, systemic, and brain factors. Thus, considering the multiple etiologies of AD, nutrition represents a multidimensional factor that has a profound effect on AD onset and development. However, mechanistically, the effect of nutrition on AD is uncertain; therefore, optimal strategies or the timing of nutritional intervention to prevent or treat AD has not been established.Thus, this review summarizes the current state of knowledge concerning nutritional disorders, AD patient and caregiver burden, and the roles of nutrition in the pathophysiology of AD. We aim to emphasize knowledge gaps to provide direction for future research and to establish optimal nutrition-based intervention strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Shirui Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Anxin Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xinying Zou
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Wenyi Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Mengfan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Qiwei Ren
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
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11
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Shen JY, Xu L, Ding Y, Wu XY. Effect of vitamin supplementation on polycystic ovary syndrome and key pathways implicated in its development: A Mendelian randomization study. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:5468-5478. [PMID: 37637683 PMCID: PMC10450375 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i23.5468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many epidemiologic investigations have explored the relationship between viatmins and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the effectiveness of vitamin, vitamin-like nutrient, or mineral supplementation in reducing the risk of PCOS remains a subject of debate. AIM To investigate the impact of plasma levels of vitamins A, B12, D, E, and K on PCOS and key pathways implicated in its development, namely, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with vitamin levels were selected from genome-wide association studies. The primary analysis was performed using the random-effects inverse-variance-weighted approach. Complementary analyses were conducted using the weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-robust adjusted profile score, and MR-PRESSO approaches. RESULTS The results provided suggestive evidence of a decreased risk of PCOS with genetically predicted higher levels of vitamin E (odds ratio [OR] = 0.118; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.071-0.226; P < 0.001) and vitamin B12 (OR = 0.753, 95%CI: 0.568-0.998, P = 0.048). An association was observed between vitamin E levels and insulin resistance (OR = 0.977, 95%CI: 0.976-0.978, P < 0.001). Additionally, genetically predicted higher concentrations of vitamins E, D, and A were suggested to be associated with a decreased risk of hyperlipidemia. Increased vitamins K and B12 levels were linked to a lower obesity risk (OR = 0.917, 95%CI: 0.848-0.992, P = 0.031). CONCLUSION The findings of this MR study suggest a causal relationship between increased vitamins A, D, E, K, and B12 levels and a reduced risk of PCOS or primary pathways implicated in its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yan Shen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
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12
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Bi M, Feng A, Liu Y, Tian S. U-shaped association of serum uric acid with cardiovascular disease risk scores and the modifying role of sex among Chinese adults. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1066-1076. [PMID: 36958966 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Serum uric acid (SUA) is involved in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, information on the dose-response relationship between SUA and CVD is limited in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the potential nonlinear dose-response association of SUA with CVD risk in a Chinese population and to explore the effect of sex on these associations. METHODS AND RESULTS Cross-sectional data, from 6252 Chinese adults aged 30-74 years who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009, were stratified by SUA deciles. The 10-year risk of CVD was determined using the Framingham risk score. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was incorporated into the logistic models to assess the nonlinear relationship between SUA and CVD. Among the participants, 65%, 20%, and 15% had low, moderate, and high 10-year CVD risks, respectively. Compared with the reference SUA strata of 225 to <249 μmol/L, CVD risk was significantly increased at SUA ≥294 μmol/L, with adjusted ORs ranging from 2.39 (1.33-4.33) to 4.25 (2.37-7.65). An increasingly higher nonsignificant CVD risk was found at SUA <225 μmol/L and showed a nonlinear U-shaped association. In the fitted RCS model, an approximate U-shaped association between SUA and CVD risk scores was found in women, but this significant nonlinear relationship was not found in men. CONCLUSION This study showed that both lower and higher SUA levels were associated with a higher 10-year CVD risk among Chinese adults, forming a U-shaped relationship, and this pattern was particularly pronounced for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Bi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Ao Feng
- Department of Prevention and Healthcare, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yazhuo Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Simiao Tian
- Department of Medical Record and Statistics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.
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13
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Wan X, Xie J, Yang M, Yu H, Hou W, Xu K, Wang J, Xu P. Does Having Rheumatoid Arthritis Increase the Dose of Depression Medications? A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041405. [PMID: 36835939 PMCID: PMC9961843 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) increases the risk of depression. However, studies on the effects of RA on the dose of depression medications are limited. Therefore, in this study, we used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore whether RA increases the dose of depression medications and gain a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between RA and depression. METHODS Two-sample MR was used to evaluate the causal effect of RA on the dose of depression medications. The aggregated data on RA originated from extensive genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of European descent (14,361 cases and 42,923 controls). The summary GWAS data for the dose of depression medications were derived from the FinnGen consortium (58,842 cases and 59,827 controls). Random effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and fixed effects IVW methods were used for the MR analysis. Random effects IVW was the primary method. The heterogeneity of the MR results was detected using the IVW Cochran's Q test. The pleiotropy of the MR results was detected using MR-Egger regression and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test. Finally, a leave-one-out analysis was performed to determine whether the MR results were affected by a specific single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). RESULTS The primary method, random effects IVW, revealed that genetically predicted RA had a positive causal association with the dose of depression medications (Beta, 0.035; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.007-0.064; p = 0.015). The IVW Cochran's Q test results revealed no heterogeneity in the MR analysis (p > 0.05). The MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO tests revealed that there was no pleiotropy in our MR analysis. The leave-one-out analysis confirmed that a single SNP did not affect the MR results, indicating the study's robustness. CONCLUSION Using MR techniques, we discovered that having RA increases the dose of depression medications; however, the exact mechanisms and pathways still need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peng Xu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1377-209-0019
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14
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Beyoğlu D, Huang P, Skelton-Badlani D, Zong C, Popov YV, Idle JR. Metabolic Hijacking of Hexose Metabolism to Ascorbate Synthesis Is the Unifying Biochemical Basis of Murine Liver Fibrosis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030485. [PMID: 36766828 PMCID: PMC9914390 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We wished to understand the metabolic reprogramming underlying liver fibrosis progression in mice. Administration to male C57BL/6J mice of the hepatotoxins carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), thioacetamide (TAA), or a 60% high-fat diet, choline-deficient, amino-acid-defined diet (HF-CDAA) was conducted using standard protocols. Livers collected at different times were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. RNA was extracted from liver and assayed by qRT-PCR for mRNA expression of 11 genes potentially involved in the synthesis of ascorbic acid from hexoses, Gck, Adpgk, Hk1, Hk2, Ugp2, Ugdh, Ugt1a1, Akr1a4, Akr1b3, Rgn and Gulo. All hepatotoxins resulted in similar metabolic changes during active fibrogenesis, despite different etiology and resultant scarring pattern. Diminished hepatic glucose, galactose, fructose, pentose phosphate pathway intermediates, glucuronic acid and long-chain fatty acids were compensated by elevated ascorbate and the product of collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase, succinate and its downstream metabolites fumarate and malate. Recovery from the HF-CDAA diet challenge (F2 stage fibrosis) after switching to normal chow was accompanied by increased glucose, galactose, fructose, ribulose 5-phosphate, glucuronic acid, the ascorbate metabolite threonate and diminished ascorbate. During the administration of CCl4, TAA and HF-CDAA, aldose reductase Akr1b3 transcription was induced six- to eightfold, indicating increased conversion of glucuronic acid to gulonic acid, a precursor of ascorbate synthesis. Triggering hepatic fibrosis by three independent mechanisms led to the hijacking of glucose and galactose metabolism towards ascorbate synthesis, to satisfy the increased demand for ascorbate as a cofactor for prolyl 4-hydroxylase for mature collagen production. This metabolic reprogramming and causal gene expression changes were reversible. The increased flux in this pathway was mediated predominantly by increased transcription of aldose reductase Akr1b3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diren Beyoğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA 01119, USA
- Arthur G. Zupko Institute for Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Pinzhu Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Disha Skelton-Badlani
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Christine Zong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yury V. Popov
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Idle
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA 01119, USA
- Arthur G. Zupko Institute for Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-929-888-6534
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15
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Wu K, Li A, Liu L, Shu T, Xia D, Sun X. Inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:927120. [PMID: 36119744 PMCID: PMC9478388 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.927120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAlthough epidemiological studies have shown a positive relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, a solid causal relationship has not been established. Thus, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the potential causal effect between IBD and CVD outcomes.MethodsWe performed a two-sample MR analysis to analyze the causal effect of the IBD on CVD outcome by using summary-level genome-wide association studies of European descent. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main MR analysis, with complementary analyses of MR Egger, maximum likelihood, weighted median, penalized weighted media, simple mode, weighted mode, and MR-PRESSO methods. Multiple sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate the robustness of our results.ResultsAll P-values were greater than 0.05 in the IVW method, showing no evidence of a causal association between circulating IBD and CVD. Similar results were observed by using other MR methods. No evidence of heterogeneity, pleiotropy, or outlier single-nucleotide polymorphisms was detected. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of the results.ConclusionThe findings of this study provided no evidence to support that IBD has a large effect on risk of CVD outcomes, which is in contrast to many previous observational reports. Further studies are needed to determine the potential mechanism of association identified in observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Aoshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Demeng Xia
- Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Demeng Xia,
| | - Xiaobin Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Xiaobin Sun,
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Genome-Wide Studies in Ischaemic Stroke: Are Genetics Only Useful for Finding Genes? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126840. [PMID: 35743317 PMCID: PMC9224543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic stroke is a complex disease with some degree of heritability. This means that heritability factors, such as genetics, could be risk factors for ischaemic stroke. The era of genome-wide studies has revealed some of these heritable risk factors, although the data generated by these studies may also be useful in other disciplines. Analysis of these data can be used to understand the biological mechanisms associated with stroke risk and stroke outcome, to determine the causality between stroke and other diseases without the need for expensive clinical trials, or to find potential drug targets with higher success rates than other strategies. In this review we will discuss several of the most relevant studies regarding the genetics of ischaemic stroke and the potential use of the data generated.
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Hemilä H, Chalker E. Vitamin C and the risk of atrial fibrillation: Mendelian randomization study may be misleading. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1446-1447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Li C, Niu M, Guo Z, Liu P, Zheng Y, Liu D, Yang S, Wang W, Li Y, Hou H. A Mild Causal Relationship Between Tea Consumption and Obesity in General Population: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Genet 2022; 13:795049. [PMID: 35281810 PMCID: PMC8907656 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.795049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from observational studies for the effect of tea consumption on obesity is inconclusive. This study aimed to verify the causal association between tea consumption and obesity through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in general population-based datasets. The genetic instruments, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with tea consumption habits, were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS): UK Biobank, Nurses’ Health Study, Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and Women’s Genome Health Study. The effect of the genetic instruments on obesity was analyzed using the UK Biobank dataset (among ∼500,000 participants). The causal relationship between tea consumption and obesity was analyzed by five methods of MR analyses: inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger regression method, weighted median estimator (WME), weighted mode, and simple mode. Ninety-one SNPs were identified as genetic instruments in our study. A mild causation was found by IVW (odds ratio [OR] = 0.998, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.996 to 1.000, p = 0.049]), which is commonly used in two-sample MR analysis, indicating that tea consumption has a statistically significant but medically weak effect on obesity control. However, the other four approaches did not show significance. Since there was no heterogeneity and pleiotropy in this study, the IVW approach has the priority of recommendation. Further studies are needed to clarify the effects of tea consumption on obesity-related health problems in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyun Niu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
- *Correspondence: Mingyun Niu, ; Haifeng Hou, ; Yuanmin Li,
| | - Zheng Guo
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yulu Zheng
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Di Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yuanmin Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
- *Correspondence: Mingyun Niu, ; Haifeng Hou, ; Yuanmin Li,
| | - Haifeng Hou
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
- *Correspondence: Mingyun Niu, ; Haifeng Hou, ; Yuanmin Li,
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19
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Chen L, Sun X, Zheng L. No causal effect of tea consumption on cardiovascular diseases: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:870972. [PMID: 36158846 PMCID: PMC9491345 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.870972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between tea consumption and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD); however, no conclusive results have been achieved. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to elucidate the causal associations between tea consumption and several CVD outcomes, including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), atrial fibrillation (AF), and heart failure (HF). Methods Independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genome-wide significantly associated with tea consumption were used as instrumental variables (IVs). Summary statistics for CVD outcomes were obtained from the corresponding genetic consortia and the FinnGen consortium. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was the primary analytical method, and MR estimates from different data sources were combined using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Supplementary MR analyses, including the weighted median, MR-Egger, and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier methods, were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the results. Further MR analyses were repeated by including more genetic variants at a higher P-value threshold. Results We found that genetically predicted tea consumption was not causally associated with any CVD outcomes in the IVW method using data from large genetic consortia [CAD: odds ratio (OR) = 1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91, 1.10, P = 0.997; MI: OR = 0.98, 95% CI, 0.90, 1.08, P = 0.751; AF: OR = 0.97, 95% CI, 0.92, 1.03, P = 0.350; HF: OR = 0.96, 95% CI, 0.88, 1.05, P = 0.401] or the FinnGen consortium (CAD: OR = 1.06, 95% CI, 0.96, 1.17, P = 0.225; MI: OR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.89, 1.15, P = 0.882; AF: OR = 1.00, 95% CI, 0.88, 1.14, P = 0.994; HF: OR = 0.96, 95% CI, 0.88, 1.04, P = 0.362). The results were robust and consistent across meta-analysis, supplementary MR analyses, and analyses with more IVs included. Conclusion This MR study revealed no causal association between tea consumption and four CVD outcomes, suggesting that tea consumption may not be beneficial for the primary prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Cardiology and Atrial Fibrillation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingang Sun
- Department of Cardiology and Atrial Fibrillation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangrong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology and Atrial Fibrillation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Qiao W, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Chen K, Zhao Z, Li M. A novel SERS substrate of MIL-100(Fe)/AgNFs for sensitive detection of ascorbic acid in cellular media. RSC Adv 2022; 12:24101-24106. [PMID: 36093242 PMCID: PMC9400642 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04146d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel SERS substrate of MIL-100(Fe)/AgNFs was firstly prepared for sensitive and selective detection of ascorbic acid (L-AA), with a LOD of 10−11 M. A spectral decrease of MIL-100(Fe)/AgNFs towards L-AA solution thanks to the efficient capture and reduction of Fe3+ in MIL-100(Fe) constituted the assay, which was demonstrated to function well in food samples and in cellular media for L-AA sensing. A novel SERS substrate of MIL-100(Fe)/AgNFs was firstly prepared for sensitive and selective detection of ascorbic acid (L-AA), with a LOD of 10−11 M.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Qiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenxia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongxing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Min Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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