1
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Yi SA, Pongkulapa T, Nevins S, Goldston LL, Chen M, Lee KB. Developing MiR-133a Zipper Nanoparticles for Targeted Enhancement of Thermogenic Adipocyte Generation. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400654. [PMID: 38795000 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Existing delivery methods for RNAi therapeutics encounter challenges, including stability, specificity, and off-target effects, which restrict their clinical effectiveness. In this study, a novel miR-133a zipper nanoparticle (NP) system that integrates miRNA zipper technology with rolling circle transcription (RCT) to achieve targeted delivery and specific regulation of miR-133a in adipocytes, is presented. This innovative approach can greatly enhance the delivery and release of miR-133a zippers, increasing the expression of thermogenic genes and mitochondrial biogenesis. he miR-133a zipper NP is utilized for the delivery of miRNA zipper-blocking miR-133a, an endogenous inhibitor of Prdm16 expression, to enhance the thermogenic activity of adipocytes by modulating their transcriptional program. Inhibition of miR-133a through the miR-133a zipper NP leads to more significant upregulation of thermogenic gene expression (Prdm16 and Ucp1) than with the free miR-133a zipper strand. Furthermore, miR-133a zipper NPs increase the number of mitochondria and induce heat production, reducing the size of 3D adipose spheroids. In short, this study emphasizes the role of RNA NPs in improving RNAi stability and specificity and paves the way for broader applications in gene therapy. Moreover, this research represents a significant advancement in RNAi-based treatments, pointing toward a promising direction for future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ah Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Thanapat Pongkulapa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Sarah Nevins
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Li Ling Goldston
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Meizi Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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2
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Shi Q, Song G, Song L, Wang Y, Ma J, Zhang L, Yuan E. Unravelling the function of prdm16 in human tumours: A comparative analysis of haematologic and solid tumours. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117281. [PMID: 39137651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has shown that PR domain 16 (PRDM16) plays a critical role in adipose tissue metabolism, including processes such as browning and thermogenesis of adipocytes, beigeing of adipocytes, and adipogenic differentiation of myoblasts. These functions have been associated with diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Additionally, PRDM16 has been correlated with various other conditions, including migraines, heterochromatin abnormalities, metabolic syndrome, cardiomyopathy, sarcopenia, nonsyndromic cleft lip, and essential hypertension, among others. However, there is currently no systematic or comprehensive conclusion regarding the mechanism of PRDM16 in human tumours, including haematologic and solid tumours. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the research progress on PRDM16 in haematologic and solid tumours by incorporating recent literature findings. Furthermore, we explore the prospects of PRDM16 in the precise diagnosis and treatment of human haematologic and solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for In Vitro Diagnosis of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Guangyong Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Liying Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for In Vitro Diagnosis of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for In Vitro Diagnosis of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for In Vitro Diagnosis of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for In Vitro Diagnosis of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Enwu Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for In Vitro Diagnosis of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
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3
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Hsiao YT, Yoshida Y, Okuda S, Abe M, Mizuno S, Takahashi S, Nakagami H, Morishita R, Kamimura K, Terai S, Aung TM, Li J, Furihata T, Tang JY, Walsh K, Ishigami A, Minamino T, Shimizu I. PCPE-1, a brown adipose tissue-derived cytokine, promotes obesity-induced liver fibrosis. EMBO J 2024:10.1038/s44318-024-00196-0. [PMID: 39160276 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH, previously termed non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)), is a major complication of obesity that promotes fatty liver disease. MASH is characterized by progressive tissue fibrosis and sterile liver inflammation that can lead to liver cirrhosis, cancer, and death. The molecular mechanisms of fibrosis in MASH and its systemic control remain poorly understood. Here, we identified the secreted-type pro-fibrotic protein, procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer-1 (PCPE-1), as a brown adipose tissue (BAT)-derived adipokine that promotes liver fibrosis in a murine obesity-induced MASH model. BAT-specific or systemic PCPE-1 depletion in mice ameliorated liver fibrosis, whereas, PCPE-1 gain of function in BAT enhanced hepatic fibrosis. High-calorie diet-induced ER stress increased PCPE-1 production in BAT through the activation of IRE-1/JNK/c-Fos/c-Jun signaling. Circulating PCPE-1 levels are increased in the plasma of MASH patients, suggesting a therapeutic possibility. In sum, our results uncover PCPE-1 as a novel systemic control factor of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Ting Hsiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Aging, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Yohko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Advanced Senotherapeutics, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Hironori Nakagami
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Morishita
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenya Kamimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tin May Aung
- Department of Cardiovascular Aging, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Takaaki Furihata
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Jing Yuan Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Aging, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan.
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan.
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4
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Zhou P, Kessinger CW, Gu F, Davenport A, King JS, Wang G, Negron SG, Deplancke B, Pu WT, Lin Z. Vestigial like 4 regulates the adipogenesis of classical brown adipose tissue. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.09.602788. [PMID: 39026854 PMCID: PMC11257599 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.09.602788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is mammals' primary non-shivering thermogenesis organ, and the molecular mechanisms regulating BAT growth and adipogenesis are largely unknown. The Hippo-YAP pathway has been well-known for controlling organ size, and Vestigial like 4 (VGLL4) is a transcriptional regulator that modulates the Hippo-YAP pathway by competing against YAP for binding to TEAD proteins. In this study, we dissected the function of VGLL4 in regulating BAT development. We generated a conventional Vgll4 mutant mouse line, in which the two Tondu (TDU) domains of VGLL4 were disrupted. We found that deletion of the TDU domains of VGLL4 resulted in perinatal lethality and paucity of the interscapular BAT. Histological and magnetic resonance imaging studies confirmed that the adipogenesis of BAT was impaired in Vgll4 mutants. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) mediated, brown adipocyte-specific overexpression of VGLL4 increased BAT volume and protected the adult male mice from acute cold stress. Genomic studies suggest that VGLL4/TEAD1 complex directly regulates the myogenic and adipogenic gene expression programs of BAT. In conclusion, our data identify VGLL4 as a previously unrecognized adipogenesis factor that regulates classical BAT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingzhu Zhou
- Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Chase W. Kessinger
- Department of Biomedical Research and Translational Medicine, Masonic Medical Research Institute, 2150 Bleecker St, Utica, NY 13501
| | - Fei Gu
- Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Amanda Davenport
- Department of Biomedical Research and Translational Medicine, Masonic Medical Research Institute, 2150 Bleecker St, Utica, NY 13501
| | - Justin S. King
- Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Genyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Research and Translational Medicine, Masonic Medical Research Institute, 2150 Bleecker St, Utica, NY 13501
| | - Steven G. Negron
- Department of Biomedical Research and Translational Medicine, Masonic Medical Research Institute, 2150 Bleecker St, Utica, NY 13501
| | - Bart Deplancke
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - William T. Pu
- Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Department of Biomedical Research and Translational Medicine, Masonic Medical Research Institute, 2150 Bleecker St, Utica, NY 13501
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5
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Lazaro CM, Freitas IN, Nunes VS, Guizoni DM, Victorio JA, Oliveira HCF, Davel AP. Sex-Specific Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) on the Perivascular Adipose Tissue. FUNCTION 2024; 5:zqae024. [PMID: 38984977 PMCID: PMC11237897 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) increases the atherosclerosis risk by lowering HDL-cholesterol levels. It also exhibits tissue-specific effects independent of HDL. However, sexual dimorphism of CETP effects remains largely unexplored. Here, we hypothesized that CETP impacts the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) phenotype and function in a sex-specific manner. PVAT function, gene and protein expression, and morphology were examined in male and female transgenic mice expressing human or simian CETP and their non-transgenic counterparts (NTg). PVAT exerted its anticontractile effect in aortas from NTg males, NTg females, and CETP females, but not in CETP males. CETP male PVAT had reduced NO levels, decreased eNOS and phospho-eNOS levels, oxidative stress, increased NOX1 and 2, and decreased SOD2 and 3 expressions. In contrast, CETP-expressing female PVAT displayed increased NO and phospho-eNOS levels with unchanged NOX expression. NOX inhibition and the antioxidant tempol restored PVAT anticontractile function in CETP males. Ex vivo estrogen treatment also restored PVAT function in CETP males. Moreover, CETP males, but not female PVAT, show increased inflammatory markers. PVAT lipid content increased in CETP males but decreased in CETP females, while PVAT cholesterol content increased in CETP females. CETP male PVAT exhibited elevated leptin and reduced Prdm16 (brown adipocyte marker) expression. These findings highlight CETP sex-specific impact on PVAT. In males, CETP impaired PVAT anticontractile function, accompanied by oxidative stress, inflammation, and whitening. Conversely, in females, CETP expression increased NO levels, induced an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and preserved the anticontractile function. This study reveals sex-specific vascular dysfunction mediated by CETP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Lazaro
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - I N Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - V S Nunes
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 01246-903, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - D M Guizoni
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-864, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - J A Victorio
- Laboratory of Female Vascular Biology, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), CEP 88037-000, Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | - H C F Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-864, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - A P Davel
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-864, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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6
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Jamerson LE, Bradshaw PC. The Roles of White Adipose Tissue and Liver NADPH in Dietary Restriction-Induced Longevity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:820. [PMID: 39061889 PMCID: PMC11273496 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) protocols frequently employ intermittent fasting. Following a period of fasting, meal consumption increases lipogenic gene expression, including that of NADPH-generating enzymes that fuel lipogenesis in white adipose tissue (WAT) through the induction of transcriptional regulators SREBP-1c and CHREBP. SREBP-1c knockout mice, unlike controls, did not show an extended lifespan on the DR diet. WAT cytoplasmic NADPH is generated by both malic enzyme 1 (ME1) and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), while liver cytoplasmic NADPH is primarily synthesized by folate cycle enzymes provided one-carbon units through serine catabolism. During the daily fasting period of the DR diet, fatty acids are released from WAT and are transported to peripheral tissues, where they are used for beta-oxidation and for phospholipid and lipid droplet synthesis, where monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) may activate Nrf1 and inhibit ferroptosis to promote longevity. Decreased WAT NADPH from PPP gene knockout stimulated the browning of WAT and protected from a high-fat diet, while high levels of NADPH-generating enzymes in WAT and macrophages are linked to obesity. But oscillations in WAT [NADPH]/[NADP+] from feeding and fasting cycles may play an important role in maintaining metabolic plasticity to drive longevity. Studies measuring the WAT malate/pyruvate as a proxy for the cytoplasmic [NADPH]/[NADP+], as well as studies using fluorescent biosensors expressed in the WAT of animal models to monitor the changes in cytoplasmic [NADPH]/[NADP+], are needed during ad libitum and DR diets to determine the changes that are associated with longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick C. Bradshaw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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7
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Cheng Y, Liang S, Zhang S, Hui X. Thermogenic Fat as a New Obesity Management Tool: From Pharmaceutical Reagents to Cell Therapies. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1474. [PMID: 39062047 PMCID: PMC11275133 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex medical condition caused by a positive imbalance between calorie intake and calorie consumption. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), along with the newly discovered "brown-like" adipocytes (called beige cells), functions as a promising therapeutic tool to ameliorate obesity and metabolic disorders by burning out extra nutrients in the form of heat. Many studies in animal models and humans have proved the feasibility of this concept. In this review, we aim to summarize the endeavors over the last decade to achieve a higher number/activity of these heat-generating adipocytes. In particular, pharmacological compounds, especially agonists to the β3 adrenergic receptor (β3-AR), are reviewed in terms of their feasibility and efficacy in elevating BAT function and improving metabolic parameters in human subjects. Alternatively, allograft transplantation of BAT and the transplantation of functional brown or beige adipocytes from mesenchymal stromal cells or human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) make it possible to increase the number of these beneficial adipocytes in patients. However, practical and ethical issues still need to be considered before the therapy can eventually be applied in the clinical setting. This review provides insights and guidance on brown- and beige-cell-based strategies for the management of obesity and its associated metabolic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen 361015, China;
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (S.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shiqing Liang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (S.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuhan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (S.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Xiaoyan Hui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (S.L.); (S.Z.)
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8
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Levi J, Guglielmetti C, Henrich TJ, Yoon JC, Gokhale PC, Reardon DA, Packiasamy J, Huynh L, Cabrera H, Ruzevich M, Blecha J, Peluso MJ, Huynh TL, An SM, Dornan M, Belanger AP, Nguyen QD, Seo Y, Song H, Chaumeil MM, VanBrocklin HF, Chae HD. [ 18F]F-AraG imaging reveals association between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Commun Biol 2024; 7:793. [PMID: 38951146 PMCID: PMC11217368 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Brown and brown-like adipose tissues have attracted significant attention for their role in metabolism and therapeutic potential in diabetes and obesity. Despite compelling evidence of an interplay between adipocytes and lymphocytes, the involvement of these tissues in immune responses remains largely unexplored. This study explicates a newfound connection between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Leveraging the use of [18F]F-AraG, a mitochondrial metabolic tracer capable of tracking activated lymphocytes and adipocytes simultaneously, we demonstrate, in models of glioblastoma and multiple sclerosis, the correlation between intracerebral immune infiltration and changes in brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Significantly, we show initial evidence that a neuroinflammation-adipose tissue link may also exist in humans. This study proposes the concept of an intricate immuno-neuro-adipose circuit, and highlights brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue as an intermediary in the communication between the immune and nervous systems. Understanding the interconnectedness within this circuitry may lead to advancements in the treatment and management of various conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Levi
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Caroline Guglielmetti
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy J Henrich
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John C Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lyna Huynh
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hilda Cabrera
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Joseph Blecha
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Peluso
- Division of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tony L Huynh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sung-Min An
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mark Dornan
- Molecular Cancer Imaging Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anthony P Belanger
- Molecular Cancer Imaging Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Quang-Dé Nguyen
- Lurie Family Imaging Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hong Song
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Myriam M Chaumeil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Henry F VanBrocklin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hee-Don Chae
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA
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9
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Lu Z, Ding L, Jiang X, Zhang S, Yan M, Yang G, Tian X, Wang Q. Single-nucleus RNA transcriptome profiling reveals murine adipose tissue endothelial cell proliferation gene networks involved in obesity development. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 757:110029. [PMID: 38729594 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial cells play an important role in the metabolism of adipose tissue (AT). This study aimed to analyze the changes that adipose tissue in AT endothelial cells undergo during the development of obesity, using single-nucleus RNA sequence (snRNA-seq). Mouse paraepididymal AT cells were subjected to snRNA-seq with the 10X Genomics platform. The cell types were then clustered using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding and unbiased computational informatics analyses. Protein-protein interactions network was established using the STRING database and visualized using Cytoscape. The dataset was subjected to differential gene enrichment analysis. In total, 21,333 cells acquired from 24 mouse paraepididymal AT samples were analyzed using snRNA-seq. This study identified 18 distinct clusters and annotated macrophages, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, T cells, endothelial cells, stem cells, neutrophil cells, and neutrophil cell types based on representative markers. Cluster 12 was defined as endothelial cells. The proportion of endothelial cells decreased with the development of obesity. Inflammatory factors, such as Vegfa and Prdm16 were upregulated in the medium obesity group but downregulated in the obesity group. Genes, such as Prox1, Erg, Flt4, Kdr, Flt1, and Pecam1 promoted the proliferation of AT endothelial cells and maintained the internal environment of AT. This study established a reference model and general framework for studying the mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets of endothelial cell dysfunction-related diseases at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Lu
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, 250102, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Ding
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, 250102, Jinan, China
| | - Xing Jiang
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, 250102, Jinan, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, 250102, Jinan, China
| | - Min Yan
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, 250102, Jinan, China
| | - Guangxin Yang
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, 250102, Jinan, China
| | - Xuewen Tian
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, 250102, Jinan, China.
| | - Qinglu Wang
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, 250102, Jinan, China.
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10
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Uprety LP, Lee CG, Oh KI, Jeong H, Yeo S, Yong Y, Seong JK, Kim IY, Go H, Park E, Jeong SY. Anti-obesity effects of Celosia cristata flower extract in vitro and in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116799. [PMID: 38805969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overstoring of surplus calories in mature adipocytes causes obesity and abnormal metabolic activity. The anti-obesity effect of a Celosia cristata (CC) total flower extract was assessed in vitro, using 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and mouse adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and in vivo, using high-fat diet (HFD)-treated C57BL/6 male mice. METHODS CC extract was co-incubated during adipogenesis in both 3T3-L1 cells and ADSCs. After differentiation, lipid droplets were assessed by oil red O staining, adipogenesis and lipolytic factors were evaluated, and intracellular triglyceride and glycerol concentrations were analyzed. For in vivo experiments, histomorphological analysis, mRNA expression levels of adipogenic and lipolytic factors in adipose tissue, blood plasma analysis, metabolic profiles were investigated. RESULTS CC treatment significantly prevented adipocyte differentiation and lipid droplet accumulation, reducing adipogenesis-related factors and increasing lipolysis-related factors. Consequently, the intracellular triacylglycerol content was diminished, whereas the glycerol concentration in the cell supernatant increased. Mice fed an HFD supplemented with the CC extract exhibited decreased HFD-induced weight gain with metabolic abnormalities such as intrahepatic lipid accumulation and adipocyte hypertrophy. Improved glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity were observed, accompanied by the amelioration of metabolic disturbances, including alterations in liver enzymes and lipid profiles, in CC-treated mice. Moreover, the CC extract helped restore the disrupted energy metabolism induced by the HFD, based on a metabolic animal monitoring system. CONCLUSION This study suggests that CC total flower extract is a potential natural herbal supplement for the prevention and management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi Prasad Uprety
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Chang-Gun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University MIRAE Campus, Wonju 26493, South Korea
| | - Kang-Il Oh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | | | - Subin Yeo
- Nine B Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34121, South Korea
| | | | - Je Kyung Seong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Il Yong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyesun Go
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Eunkuk Park
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, South Korea.
| | - Seon-Yong Jeong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, South Korea.
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11
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Davidsen LI, Hagberg CE, Goitea V, Lundby SM, Larsen S, Ebbesen MF, Stanic N, Topel H, Kornfeld JW. Mouse vascularized adipose spheroids: an organotypic model for thermogenic adipocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1396965. [PMID: 38982992 PMCID: PMC11231189 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1396965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissues, particularly beige and brown adipose tissue, play crucial roles in energy metabolism. Brown adipose tissues' thermogenic capacity and the appearance of beige cells within white adipose tissue have spurred interest in their metabolic impact and therapeutic potential. Brown and beige fat cells, activated by environmental factors like cold exposure or by pharmacology, share metabolic mechanisms that drive non-shivering thermogenesis. Understanding these two cell types requires advanced, yet broadly applicable in vitro models that reflect the complex microenvironment and vasculature of adipose tissues. Here we present mouse vascularized adipose spheroids of the stromal vascular microenvironment from inguinal white adipose tissue, a tissue with 'beiging' capacity in mice and humans. We show that adding a scaffold improves vascular sprouting, enhances spheroid growth, and upregulates adipogenic markers, thus reflecting increased adipocyte maturity. Transcriptional profiling via RNA sequencing revealed distinct metabolic pathways upregulated in our vascularized adipose spheroids, with increased expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis. Functional assessment demonstrated increased oxygen consumption in vascularized adipose spheroids compared to classical 2D cultures, which was enhanced by β-adrenergic receptor stimulation correlating with elevated β-adrenergic receptor expression. Moreover, stimulation with the naturally occurring adipokine, FGF21, induced Ucp1 mRNA expression in the vascularized adipose spheroids. In conclusion, vascularized inguinal white adipose tissue spheroids provide a physiologically relevant platform to study how the stromal vascular microenvironment shapes adipocyte responses and influence activated thermogenesis in beige adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ingeborg Davidsen
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Carolina E. Hagberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victor Goitea
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Adipocyte Signaling (ADIPOSIGN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stine Meinild Lundby
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Frendø Ebbesen
- Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center (DaMBIC), Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Natasha Stanic
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hande Topel
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Adipocyte Signaling (ADIPOSIGN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jan-Wilhelm Kornfeld
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Adipocyte Signaling (ADIPOSIGN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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12
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Das S, Mukhuty A, Mullen GP, Rudolph MC. Adipocyte Mitochondria: Deciphering Energetic Functions across Fat Depots in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6681. [PMID: 38928386 PMCID: PMC11203708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue, a central player in energy balance, exhibits significant metabolic flexibility that is often compromised in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Mitochondrial dysfunction within adipocytes leads to inefficient lipid handling and increased oxidative stress, which together promote systemic metabolic disruptions central to obesity and its complications. This review explores the pivotal role that mitochondria play in altering the metabolic functions of the primary adipocyte types, white, brown, and beige, within the context of obesity and T2D. Specifically, in white adipocytes, these dysfunctions contribute to impaired lipid processing and an increased burden of oxidative stress, worsening metabolic disturbances. Conversely, compromised mitochondrial function undermines their thermogenic capabilities, reducing the capacity for optimal energy expenditure in brown adipocytes. Beige adipocytes uniquely combine the functional properties of white and brown adipocytes, maintaining morphological similarities to white adipocytes while possessing the capability to transform into mitochondria-rich, energy-burning cells under appropriate stimuli. Each type of adipocyte displays unique metabolic characteristics, governed by the mitochondrial dynamics specific to each cell type. These distinct mitochondrial metabolic phenotypes are regulated by specialized networks comprising transcription factors, co-activators, and enzymes, which together ensure the precise control of cellular energy processes. Strong evidence has shown impaired adipocyte mitochondrial metabolism and faulty upstream regulators in a causal relationship with obesity-induced T2D. Targeted interventions aimed at improving mitochondrial function in adipocytes offer a promising therapeutic avenue for enhancing systemic macronutrient oxidation, thereby potentially mitigating obesity. Advances in understanding mitochondrial function within adipocytes underscore a pivotal shift in approach to combating obesity and associated comorbidities. Reigniting the burning of calories in adipose tissues, and other important metabolic organs such as the muscle and liver, is crucial given the extensive role of adipose tissue in energy storage and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehasis Das
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Alpana Mukhuty
- Department of Zoology, Rampurhat College, Rampurhat 731224, India
| | - Gregory P. Mullen
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Michael C. Rudolph
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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13
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Liu Y, Liu Z, Ren Z, Han Q, Chen X, Han J, Qiu G, Sun C. NDUFA9 and its crotonylation modification promote browning of white adipocytes by activating mitochondrial function in mice. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 171:106583. [PMID: 38657899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Protein crotonylation plays a role in regulating cellular metabolism, gene expression, and other biological processes. NDUFA9 (NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9) is closely associated with the activity and function of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Mitochondrial function and respiratory chain are closely related to browning of white adipocytes, it's speculated that NDUFA9 and its crotonylation are associated with browning of white adipocytes. Firstly, the effect of NDUFA9 on white adipose tissue was verified in white fat browning model mice, and it was found that NDUFA9 promoted mitochondrial respiration, thermogenesis, and browning of white adipose tissue. Secondly, in cellular studies, it was discovered that NDUFA9 facilitated browning of white adipocytes by enhancing mitochondrial function, mitochondrial complex I activity, ATP synthesis, and mitochondrial respiration. Again, the level of NDUFA9 crotonylation was increased by treating cells with vorinostat (SAHA)+sodium crotonate (NaCr) and overexpressing NDUFA9, it was found that NDUFA9 crotonylation promoted browning of white adipocytes. Meanwhile, the acetylation level of NDUFA9 was increased by treating cells with SAHA+sodium acetate (NaAc) and overexpressing NDUFA9, the assay revealed that NDUFA9 acetylation inhibited white adipocytes browning. Finally, combined with the competitive relationship between acetylation and crotonylation, it was also demonstrated that NDUFA9 crotonylation promoted browning of white adipocytes. Above results indicate that NDUFA9 and its crotonylation modification promote mitochondrial function, which in turn promotes browning of white adipocytes. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for the management and intervention of obesity, which is crucial in addressing obesity and related medical conditions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zunhai Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zeyu Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qiannan Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xinhao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jialu Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Guiping Qiu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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14
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Zhang MY, Cao RD, Chen Y, Ma JC, Shi CM, Zhang YF, Zhang JX, Zhang YH. Genomic and Phenotypic Adaptations of Rattus tanezumi to Cold Limit Its Further Northward Expansion and Range Overlap with R. norvegicus. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msae106. [PMID: 38829799 PMCID: PMC11184353 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Global climate change has led to shifts in the distribution ranges of many terrestrial species, promoting their migration from lower altitudes or latitudes to higher ones. Meanwhile, successful invaders have developed genetic adaptations enabling the colonization of new environments. Over the past 40 years, Rattus tanezumi (RT) has expanded into northern China (Northwest and North China) from its southern origins. We studied the cold adaptation of RT and its potential for northward expansion by comparing it with sympatric Rattus norvegicus (RN), which is well adapted to cold regions. Through population genomic analysis, we revealed that the invading RT rats have split into three distinct populations: the North, Northwest, and Tibetan populations. The first two populations exhibited high genetic diversity, while the latter population showed remarkably low genetic diversity. These rats have developed various genetic adaptations to cold, arid, hypoxic, and high-UV conditions. Cold acclimation tests revealed divergent thermoregulation between RT and RN. Specifically, RT exhibited higher brown adipose tissue activity and metabolic rates than did RN. Transcriptome analysis highlighted changes in genes regulating triglyceride catabolic processes in RT, including Apoa1 and Apoa4, which were upregulated, under selection and associated with local adaptation. In contrast, RN showed changes in carbohydrate metabolism genes. Despite the cold adaptation of RT, we observed genotypic and phenotypic constraints that may limit its ability to cope with severe low temperatures farther north. Consequently, it is less likely that RT rats will invade and overlap with RN rats in farther northern regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui-Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian-Cang Ma
- Zhangye Maize Stock Production Base, Zhangye 734024, Gansu, China
| | - Cheng-Min Shi
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
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15
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Shao H, Zhang H, Jia D. The Role of Exerkines in Obesity-Induced Disruption of Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Thermogenic Fat. Metabolites 2024; 14:287. [PMID: 38786764 PMCID: PMC11122964 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a notable correlation between mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolic disruption. In this review, we report that obesity-induced disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis adversely affects lipid metabolism, adipocyte differentiation, oxidative capacity, inflammation, insulin sensitivity, and thermogenesis in thermogenic fat. Elevating mitochondrial homeostasis in thermogenic fat emerges as a promising avenue for developing treatments for metabolic diseases, including enhanced mitochondrial function, mitophagy, mitochondrial uncoupling, and mitochondrial biogenesis. The exerkines (e.g., myokines, adipokines, batokines) released during exercise have the potential to ameliorate mitochondrial homeostasis, improve glucose and lipid metabolism, and stimulate fat browning and thermogenesis as a defense against obesity-associated metabolic diseases. This comprehensive review focuses on the manifold benefits of exercise-induced exerkines, particularly emphasizing their influence on mitochondrial homeostasis and fat thermogenesis in the context of metabolic disorders associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shao
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.S.); (H.Z.)
- Graduate School of Harbin Sport University, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Dandan Jia
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.S.); (H.Z.)
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16
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Chand S, Tripathi AS, Dewani AP, Sheikh NWA. Molecular targets for management of diabetes: Remodelling of white adipose to brown adipose tissue. Life Sci 2024; 345:122607. [PMID: 38583857 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterised metabolic dysfunction that results in elevated glucose level in the bloodstream. Diabetes is of two types, type1 and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is considered as one of the major reasons intended for incidence of diabetes hence it turns out to be essential to study about the adipose tissue which is responsible for fat storage in body. Adipose tissues play significant role in maintaining the balance between energy stabilization and homeostasis. The three forms of adipose tissue are - White adipose tissue (WAT), Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and Beige adipose tissue (intermediate form). The amount of BAT gets reduced, and WAT starts to increase with the age. WAT when exposed to certain stimuli gets converted to BAT by the help of certain transcriptional regulators. The browning of WAT has been a matter of study to treat the metabolic disorders and to initiate the expenditure of energy. The three main regulators responsible for the browning of WAT are PRDM16, PPARγ and PGC-1α via various cellular and molecular mechanism. Presented review article includes the detailed elaborative aspect of genes and proteins involved in conversion of WAT to BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushmita Chand
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Shiomurti Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology, ERA College of Pharmacy, ERA University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anil P Dewani
- Department of Pharmacology, P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India
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17
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Cui X, Cao Q, Li F, Jing J, Liu Z, Yang X, Schwartz GJ, Yu L, Shi H, Shi H, Xue B. The histone methyltransferase SUV420H2 regulates brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e164771. [PMID: 38713533 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis increases energy expenditure and alleviates obesity. Here we discover that histone methyltransferase suppressor of variegation 4-20 homolog 2 (Suv420h2) expression parallels that of Ucp1 in brown and beige adipocytes and that Suv420h2 knockdown significantly reduces - whereas Suv420h2 overexpression significantly increases - Ucp1 levels in brown adipocytes. Suv420h2 knockout (H2KO) mice exhibit impaired cold-induced thermogenesis and are prone to diet-induced obesity. In contrast, mice with specific overexpression of Suv420h2 in adipocytes display enhanced cold-induced thermogenesis and are resistant to diet-induced obesity. Further study shows that Suv420h2 catalyzes H4K20 trimethylation at eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4e-bp1) promoter, leading to downregulated expression of 4e-bp1, a negative regulator of the translation initiation complex. This in turn upregulates PGC1α protein levels, and this upregulation is associated with increased expression of thermogenic program. We conclude that Suv420h2 is a key regulator of brown/beige adipocyte development and thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cui
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Qiang Cao
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fenfen Li
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jia Jing
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhixue Liu
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gary J Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Liqing Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Huidong Shi
- Georgia Cancer Center and
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bingzhong Xue
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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18
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Zhang J, Kibret BG, Vatner DE, Vatner SF. The role of brown adipose tissue in mediating healthful longevity. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:17. [PMID: 39119146 PMCID: PMC11309368 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2024.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
There are two major subtypes of adipose tissue, i.e., white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). It has been known for a long time that WAT mediates obesity and impairs healthful longevity. More recently, interest has focused on BAT, which, unlike WAT, actually augments healthful aging. The goal of this review is to examine the role of BAT in mediating healthful longevity. A major role for BAT and its related beige adipose tissue is thermogenesis, as a mechanism to maintain body temperature by producing heat through uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) or through UCP1-independent thermogenic pathways. Our hypothesis is that healthful longevity is, in part, mediated by BAT. BAT protects against the major causes of impaired healthful longevity, i.e., obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, reduced exercise tolerance, and impaired blood flow. Several genetically engineered mouse models have shown that BAT enhances healthful aging and that their BAT is more potent than wild-type (WT) BAT. For example, when BAT, which increases longevity and exercise performance in mice with disruption of the regulator of G protein signaling 14 (RGS14), is transplanted to WT mice, their exercise capacity is enhanced at 3 days after BAT transplantation, whereas BAT transplantation from WT to WT mice also resulted in increased exercise performance, but only at 8 weeks after transplantation. In view of the ability of BAT to mediate healthful longevity, it is likely that a pharmaceutical analog of BAT will become a novel therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Berhanu Geresu Kibret
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Dorothy E. Vatner
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Stephen F. Vatner
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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19
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Cremonini E, Da Silva LME, Lanzi CR, Marino M, Iglesias DE, Oteiza PI. Anthocyanins and their metabolites promote white adipose tissue beiging by regulating mitochondria thermogenesis and dynamics. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116069. [PMID: 38387526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption and excess nutrient availability can cause alterations in mitochondrial function and dynamics. We previously showed that anthocyanins (AC) decreased HFD-induced body weight gain and fat deposition. This study investigated: i) the capacity of AC to mitigate HFD-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and thermogenesis in mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT), and ii) the underlying mechanisms of action of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (D3G), and their gut metabolites on mitochondria function/dynamics in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with palmitate. Mice were fed control or HFD diets, added or not with 40 mg AC/kg body weight (BW). Compared to control and AC-supplemented mice, HFD-fed mice had fewer sWAT mitochondria that presented alterations of their architecture. AC supplementation prevented HFD-induced decrease of proteins involved in mitochondria biogenesis (PPARγ, PRDM16 and PGC-1α), and thermogenesis (UCP-1), and decreased AMPK phosphorylation. AC supplementation also restored the alterations in sWAT mitochondrial dynamics (Drp-1, OPA1, MNF-2, and Fis-1) and mitophagy (BNIP3L/NIX) caused by HFD consumption. In mature 3T3-L1, C3G, D3G, and their metabolites protocatechuic acid (PCA), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (HB), and gallic acid (GA) differentially affected palmitate-mediated decreased cAMP, PKA, AMPK, and SIRT-1 signaling pathways. C3G, D3G, and metabolites also prevented palmitate-mediated decreased expression of PPARγ, PRDM16, PGC-1α, and UCP1. Results suggest that consumption of select AC, i.e. cyanidin and delphinidin, could promote sWAT mitochondriogenesis and improve mitochondria dynamics in the context of HFD/obesity-induced dysmetabolism in part by regulating PKA, AMPK, and SIRT-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cremonini
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leane M E Da Silva
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Dario E Iglesias
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Patricia I Oteiza
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Chen N, Zhao M, Wu N, Guo Y, Cao B, Zhan B, Li Y, Zhou T, Zhu F, Guo C, Shi Y, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhang L. ACSS2 controls PPARγ activity homeostasis to potentiate adipose-tissue plasticity. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:479-496. [PMID: 38332049 PMCID: PMC11043345 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The appropriate transcriptional activity of PPARγ is indispensable for controlling inflammation, tumor and obesity. Therefore, the identification of key switch that couples PPARγ activation with degradation to sustain its activity homeostasis is extremely important. Unexpectedly, we here show that acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) critically controls PPARγ activity homeostasis via SIRT1 to enhance adipose plasticity via promoting white adipose tissues beiging and brown adipose tissues thermogenesis. Mechanistically, ACSS2 binds directly acetylated PPARγ in the presence of ligand and recruits SIRT1 and PRDM16 to activate UCP1 expression. In turn, SIRT1 triggers ACSS2 translocation from deacetylated PPARγ to P300 and thereafter induces PPARγ polyubiquitination and degradation. Interestingly, D-mannose rapidly activates ACSS2-PPARγ-UCP1 axis to resist high fat diet induced obesity in mice. We thus reveal a novel ACSS2 function in coupling PPARγ activation with degradation via SIRT1 and suggest D-mannose as a novel adipose plasticity regulator via ACSS2 to prevent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baihui Cao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bing Zhan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yubin Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Faliang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chun Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongyu Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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21
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Ghesmati Z, Rashid M, Fayezi S, Gieseler F, Alizadeh E, Darabi M. An update on the secretory functions of brown, white, and beige adipose tissue: Towards therapeutic applications. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:279-308. [PMID: 38051471 PMCID: PMC10942928 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue, including white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and beige adipose tissue, is vital in modulating whole-body energy metabolism. While WAT primarily stores energy, BAT dissipates energy as heat for thermoregulation. Beige adipose tissue is a hybrid form of adipose tissue that shares characteristics with WAT and BAT. Dysregulation of adipose tissue metabolism is linked to various disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and infertility. Both brown and beige adipocytes secrete multiple molecules, such as batokines, packaged in extracellular vesicles or as soluble signaling molecules that play autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine roles. A greater understanding of the adipocyte secretome is essential for identifying novel molecular targets in treating metabolic disorders. Additionally, microRNAs show crucial roles in regulating adipose tissue differentiation and function, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for metabolic disorders. The browning of WAT has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach in treating obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Many browning agents have been identified, and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been developed to enhance their efficacy. This review scrutinizes the characteristics of and differences between white, brown, and beige adipose tissues, the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of the adipocytes, the significant roles of batokines, and regulatory microRNAs active in different adipose tissues. Finally, the potential of WAT browning in treating obesity and atherosclerosis, the relationship of BAT with cancer and fertility disorders, and the crosstalk between adipose tissue with circadian system and circadian disorders are also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Ghesmati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Fayezi
- Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Women's Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Gieseler
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Masoud Darabi
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
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22
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Wang Z, Yang T, Zeng M, Wang Z, Chen Q, Chen J, Christian M, He Z. Mitophagy suppression by miquelianin-rich lotus leaf extract induces 'beiging' of white fat via AMPK/DRP1-PINK1/PARKIN signaling axis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2597-2609. [PMID: 37991930 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaf has been described to have anti-obesity activity, but the role of white fat 'browning' or 'beiging' in its beneficial metabolic actions remains unclear. Here, 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice were used to evaluate the effects of miquelianin-rich lotus leaf extract (LLE) on white-to-beige fat conversion and its regulatory mechanisms. RESULTS Treatment with LLE increased mitochondrial abundance, mitochondrial membrane potential and NAD+ /NADH ratio in 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting its potential in promoting mitochondrial activity. qPCR and/or western blotting analysis confirmed that LLE induced the expression of beige fat-enriched gene signatures (e.g. Sirt1, Cidea, Dio2, Prdm16, Ucp1, Cd40, Cd137, Cited1) and mitochondrial biogenesis-related markers (e.g. Nrf1, Cox2, Cox7a, Tfam) in 3T3-L1 cells and inguinal white adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, we found that LLE treatment inhibited mitochondrial fission protein DRP1 and blocked mitophagy markers such as PINK1, PARKIN, BECLIN1 and LC-3B. Chemical inhibition experiments revealed that AMPK/DRP1 signaling was required for LLE-induced beige fat formation via suppressing PINK1/PARKIN/mitophagy. CONCLUSION Our data reveal a novel mechanism underlying the anti-obesity effect of LLE, namely the induction of white fat beiging via AMPK/DRP1/mitophagy signaling. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mark Christian
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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23
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Guo G, Wang W, Tu M, Zhao B, Han J, Li J, Pan Y, Zhou J, Ma W, Liu Y, Sun T, Han X, An Y. Deciphering adipose development: Function, differentiation and regulation. Dev Dyn 2024. [PMID: 38516819 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The overdevelopment of adipose tissues, accompanied by excess lipid accumulation and energy storage, leads to adipose deposition and obesity. With the increasing incidence of obesity in recent years, obesity is becoming a major risk factor for human health, causing various relevant diseases (including hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis and cancers). Therefore, it is of significance to antagonize obesity to reduce the risk of obesity-related diseases. Excess lipid accumulation in adipose tissues is mediated by adipocyte hypertrophy (expansion of pre-existing adipocytes) or hyperplasia (increase of newly-formed adipocytes). It is necessary to prevent excessive accumulation of adipose tissues by controlling adipose development. Adipogenesis is exquisitely regulated by many factors in vivo and in vitro, including hormones, cytokines, gender and dietary components. The present review has concluded a comprehensive understanding of adipose development including its origin, classification, distribution, function, differentiation and molecular mechanisms underlying adipogenesis, which may provide potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing obesity without impairing adipose tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengjie Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiayang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanbing Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Tiantian Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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24
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Rendine M, Cocci P, de Vivo L, Bellesi M, Palermo FA. Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on Transcriptional Sirtuin 1 Signaling Regulation in Male Mice White Adipose Tissue. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2144-2154. [PMID: 38534754 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic sleep restriction (CSR) is a prevalent issue in modern society that is associated with several pathological states, ranging from neuropsychiatric to metabolic diseases. Despite its known impact on metabolism, the specific effects of CSR on the molecular mechanisms involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis at the level of white adipose tissue (WAT) remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of CSR on sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling pathway in the WAT of young male mice. Both genes interact with specific targets involved in multiple metabolic processes, including adipocyte differentiation, browning, and lipid metabolism. The quantitative PCR (qPCR) results demonstrated a significant upregulation of SIRT-1 and some of its target genes associated with the transcriptional regulation of lipid homeostasis (i.e., PPARα, PPARγ, PGC-1α, and SREBF) and adipose tissue development (i.e., leptin, adiponectin) in CSR mice. On the contrary, DNA-binding transcription factors (i.e., CEBP-β and C-myc), which play a pivotal function during the adipogenesis process, were found to be down-regulated. Our results also suggest that the induction of SIRT1-dependent molecular pathways prevents weight gain. Overall, these findings offer new, valuable insights into the molecular adaptations of WAT to CSR, in order to support increased energy demand due to sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rendine
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Cocci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Luisa de Vivo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michele Bellesi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
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25
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Zhou WY, Liu P, Xia YF, Shi YJ, Xu HY, Ding M, Yang QQ, Qian SW, Tang Y, Lu Y, Tang QQ, Liu Y. NR2F6 is essential for brown adipocyte differentiation and systemic metabolic homeostasis. Mol Metab 2024; 81:101891. [PMID: 38307386 PMCID: PMC10864868 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brown adipose tissue (BAT) development and function are essential for maintaining energy balance. However, the key factors that specifically regulate brown adipogenesis require further identification. Here, we demonstrated that the nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 6 (NR2F6) played a pivotal role in brown adipogenesis and energy homeostasis. METHODS We examined the differentiation of immortalized brown adipocytes and primary brown adipocytes when NR2F6 were deleted, and explored the mechanism through which NR2F6 regulated adipogenesis using ChIP-qPCR in vitro. Male wild type (WT) and Pdgfra-Cre-mediated deletion of Nr2f6 in preadipocytes (NR2F6-PKO) mice were fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, and adiposity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and inflammation were assessed. RESULTS NR2F6 exhibited abundant expression in BAT, while its expression was minimal in white adipose tissue (WAT). Within BAT, NR2F6 was highly expressed in preadipocytes, experienced a transient increase in the early stage of brown adipocyte differentiation, and significantly decreased in the mature adipocytes. Depletion of NR2F6 in preadipocytes inhibited brown adipogenesis, caused hypertrophy of brown adipocytes, and impaired thermogenic function of BAT, but without affecting WAT development. NR2F6 transcriptionally regulated PPARγ expression to promote adipogenic process in brown adipocytes. Loss of NR2F6 in preadipocytes led to increased susceptibility to diet-induced metabolic disorders. CONCLUSIONS Our findings unveiled NR2F6 as a novel key regulator of brown adipogenesis, potentially opening up new avenues for maintaining metabolic homeostasis by targeting NR2F6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Fan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong-Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi-Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Wen Qian
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Metabolism and Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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26
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Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Ghasemi A. Adipose organ dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: Role of nitric oxide. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116043. [PMID: 38325496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Adipose organ, historically known as specialized lipid-handling tissue serving as the long-term fat depot, is now appreciated as the largest endocrine organ composed of two main compartments, i.e., subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (AT), madding up white and beige/brown adipocytes. Adipose organ dysfunction manifested as maldistribution of the compartments, hypertrophic, hypoxic, inflamed, and insulin-resistant AT, contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we highlight the role of nitric oxide (NO·) in AT (dys)function in relation to developing T2D. The key aspects determining lipid and glucose homeostasis in AT depend on the physiological levels of the NO· produced via endothelial NO· synthases (eNOS). In addition to decreased NO· bioavailability (via decreased expression/activity of eNOS or scavenging NO·), excessive NO· produced by inducible NOS (iNOS) in response to hypoxia and AT inflammation may be a critical interfering factor diverting NO· signaling to the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, resulting in AT and whole-body metabolic dysfunction. Pharmacological approaches boosting AT-NO· availability at physiological levels (by increasing NO· production and its stability), as well as suppression of iNOS-NO· synthesis, are potential candidates for developing NO·-based therapeutics in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kar D, Ganguly I, Singh S, Bhatia AK, Dixit SP. Genome-wide runs of homozygosity signatures in diverse Indian goat breeds. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:81. [PMID: 38375512 PMCID: PMC10874352 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03921-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study analyzed ROH and consensus ROH regions in 102 animals of eleven diverse Indian goat (Capra hircus) breeds using whole genome sequencing. A total of 51,705 ROH and 21,271 consensus regions were identified. The mean number of ROH per animal was highest in the meat breed, Jharkhand Black (2693) and lowest in the pashmina breed, Changthangi (60). The average length of ROH (ALROH) was maximum in Kanniadu (974.11 Kb) and minimum in Tellicherry (146.98 Kb). Long ROH is typically associated with more recent inbreeding, whereas short ROH is connected to more ancient inbreeding. The overall ROH-based genomic inbreeding (FROH) was highest for Jharkhand Black (0.602) followed by Kanniadu (0.120) and Sangamneri (0.108) among all breeds. FROH of Jharkhand Black was higher than Kanniadu up to 5 Mb ROH length category. However, in > 20 Mb ROH length category, Kanniadu (0.98) exhibited significantly higher FROH than Jharkhand Black (0.46). This implies that Kanniadu had higher levels of recent inbreeding than Jharkhand Black. Despite this, due to the presence of both recent and ancient inbreeding, Jharkhand Black demonstrated higher overall FROH compared to Kanniadu. ROH patterns revealed dual purpose (meat and dairy) and pashmina breeds as less consanguineous while recent inbreeding was apparent in meat breeds. Analysis of ROH consensus regions identified selection sweeps in key genes governing intramuscular fat deposition, meat tenderisation, lean meat production and carcass weight (CDK4, ALOX15, CASP9, PRDM16, DVL1) in meat breeds; milk fat percentage and mammary gland development (POLD1, NOTCH2, ARHGAP35) in dual purpose (meat and dairy) breeds; while cold adaptation and hair follicle development (APOBEC1, DNAJC3, F2RL1, FGF9) in pashmina breed. MAPK, RAS, BMP and Wnt signaling pathways associated with hair follicle morphogenesis in Changthangi were also identified. PCA analysis based on ROH consensus regions revealed that meat breeds are more diverse than other goat breeds/populations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-03921-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyasha Kar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
- Division of Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Indrajit Ganguly
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Sanjeev Singh
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Avnish Kumar Bhatia
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - S. P. Dixit
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
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28
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Cicatiello AG, Nappi A, Franchini F, Nettore IC, Raia M, Rocca C, Angelone T, Dentice M, Ungaro P, Macchia PE. The histone methyltransferase SMYD1 is induced by thermogenic stimuli in adipose tissue. Epigenomics 2024; 16:359-374. [PMID: 38440863 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To study the expression of histone methyltransferase SMYD1 in white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue and during differentiation of preadipocytes to white and beige phenotypes. Methods: C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (and exposed to cold) and 3T3-L1 cells stimulated to differentiate into white and beige adipocytes were used. Results: SMYD1 expression increased in WAT of high-fat diet fed mice and in WAT and brown adipose tissue of cold-exposed mice, suggesting its role in thermogenesis. SMYD1 expression was higher in beige adipocytes than in white adipocytes, and its silencing leads to a decrease in mitochondrial content and in Pgc-1α expression. Conclusion: These data suggest a novel role for SMYD1 as a positive regulator of energy control in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annunziata G Cicatiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples 'Federico II', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples 'Federico II', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Franchini
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples 'Federico II', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Immacolata C Nettore
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples 'Federico II', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maddalena Raia
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology & Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology & Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (I.N.R.C.), 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples 'Federico II', 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- National Research Council - Institute for Experimental Endocrinology & Oncology 'Gaetano Salvatore', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo E Macchia
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples 'Federico II', 80131, Naples, Italy
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29
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Kühnisch J, Theisen S, Dartsch J, Fritsche-Guenther R, Kirchner M, Obermayer B, Bauer A, Kahlert AK, Rothe M, Beule D, Heuser A, Mertins P, Kirwan JA, Berndt N, MacRae CA, Hubner N, Klaassen S. Prdm16 mutation determines sex-specific cardiac metabolism and identifies two novel cardiac metabolic regulators. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 119:2902-2916. [PMID: 37842925 PMCID: PMC10874277 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Mutation of the PRDM16 gene causes human dilated and non-compaction cardiomyopathy. The PRDM16 protein is a transcriptional regulator that affects cardiac development via Tbx5 and Hand1, thus regulating myocardial structure. The biallelic inactivation of Prdm16 induces severe cardiac dysfunction with post-natal lethality and hypertrophy in mice. The early pathological events that occur upon Prdm16 inactivation have not been explored. METHODS AND RESULTS This study performed in-depth pathophysiological and molecular analyses of male and female Prdm16csp1/wt mice that carry systemic, monoallelic Prdm16 gene inactivation. We systematically assessed early molecular changes through transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Kinetic modelling of cardiac metabolism was performed in silico with CARDIOKIN. Prdm16csp1/wt mice are viable up to 8 months, develop hypoplastic hearts, and diminished systolic performance that is more pronounced in female mice. Prdm16csp1/wt cardiac tissue of both sexes showed reductions in metabolites associated with amino acid as well as glycerol metabolism, glycolysis, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Prdm16csp1/wt cardiac tissue revealed diminished glutathione (GSH) and increased inosine monophosphate (IMP) levels indicating oxidative stress and a dysregulated energetics, respectively. An accumulation of triacylglycerides exclusively in male Prdm16csp1/wt hearts suggests a sex-specific metabolic adaptation. Metabolic modelling using CARDIOKIN identified a reduction in fatty acid utilization in males as well as lower glucose utilization in female Prdm16csp1/wt cardiac tissue. On the level of transcripts and protein expression, Prdm16csp1/wt hearts demonstrate an up-regulation of pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase domain 2 (Pyroxd2) and the transcriptional regulator pre-B-cell leukaemia transcription factor interacting protein 1 (Pbxip1). The strongest concordant transcriptional up-regulation was detected for Prdm16 itself, probably through an autoregulatory mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Monoallelic, global Prdm16 mutation diminishes cardiac performance in Prdm16csp1/wt mice. Metabolic alterations and transcriptional dysregulation in Prdm16csp1/wt affect cardiac tissue. Female Prdm16csp1/wt mice develop a more pronounced phenotype, indicating sexual dimorphism at this early pathological window. This study suggests that metabolic dysregulation is an early event in the PRDM16 associated cardiac pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirko Kühnisch
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Theisen
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josephine Dartsch
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Raphaela Fritsche-Guenther
- BIH Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marieluise Kirchner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedikt Obermayer
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Bauer
- BIH Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne-Karin Kahlert
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- DZHK German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Immunology and Genetics, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Dieter Beule
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arnd Heuser
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer A Kirwan
- BIH Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Berndt
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Computer-assisted Cardiovascular Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam—Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Calum A MacRae
- Harvard Medical School and Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Norbert Hubner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Klaassen
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany
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30
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Liang G, Fang J, Zhang P, Ding S, Zhao Y, Feng Y. Metformin plus L-carnitine enhances brown/beige adipose tissue activity via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling to reduce lipid accumulation and inflammation in murine obesity. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240900. [PMID: 38463531 PMCID: PMC10921440 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated how Metformin (Met) combined with L-carnitine (L-car) modulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) to affect obesity. High-fat-induced obese rats received daily oral gavage with Met and/or L-car, followed by serum biochemical analysis, histopathological observation on adipose tissues, and immunochemistry test for the abdominal expression of BAT-specific uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Mouse-embryonic-fibroblast cells were induced into adipocytes, during which Met plus L-car was added with/without saturated fatty acid (SFA). The role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in adipocyte browning was investigated by gene silencing. Mitochondria biogenesis in adipocytes was inspected by Mitotracker staining. Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/BAT-related genes/proinflammatory marker expressions in adipose tissues and/or adipocytes were analyzed by Western blot, qRT-PCR, and/or immunofluorescence test. Met or L-car improved metabolic disorders, reduced adipocyte vacuolization and swelling, upregulated levels of BAT-related genes including UCP1 and downregulated proinflammatory marker expressions, and activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in adipose tissues of obese rats. Met and L-car functioned more strongly than alone. In adipocytes, Met plus L-car upregulated BAT-related gene levels and protected against SFA-caused inflammation promotion and mitochondria degeneration, which yet was attenuated by Nrf2 silencing. Met plus L-car enhances BAT activity and white adipose tissue browning via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to reduce lipid accumulation and inflammation in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojin Liang
- Anesthesiology Department, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Paediatrics Department, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Paediatrics Department, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Shuxia Ding
- Paediatrics Department, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Yudan Zhao
- Paediatrics Department, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Yueying Feng
- Paediatrics Department, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, No. 339 Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China
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31
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Ren W, Hua M, Cao F, Zeng W. The Sympathetic-Immune Milieu in Metabolic Health and Diseases: Insights from Pancreas, Liver, Intestine, and Adipose Tissues. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306128. [PMID: 38039489 PMCID: PMC10885671 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Sympathetic innervation plays a crucial role in maintaining energy balance and contributes to metabolic pathophysiology. Recent evidence has begun to uncover the innervation landscape of sympathetic projections and sheds light on their important functions in metabolic activities. Additionally, the immune system has long been studied for its essential roles in metabolic health and diseases. In this review, the aim is to provide an overview of the current research progress on the sympathetic regulation of key metabolic organs, including the pancreas, liver, intestine, and adipose tissues. In particular, efforts are made to highlight the critical roles of the peripheral nervous system and its potential interplay with immune components. Overall, it is hoped to underscore the importance of studying metabolic organs from a comprehensive and interconnected perspective, which will provide valuable insights into the complex mechanisms underlying metabolic regulation and may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenran Ren
- Institute for Immunology and School of MedicineTsinghua Universityand Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life SciencesBeijing100084China
| | - Meng Hua
- Institute for Immunology and School of MedicineTsinghua Universityand Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life SciencesBeijing100084China
| | - Fang Cao
- Department of NeurosurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou563000China
| | - Wenwen Zeng
- Institute for Immunology and School of MedicineTsinghua Universityand Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life SciencesBeijing100084China
- SXMU‐Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier MedicineTaiyuan030001China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesBeijing100084China
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32
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Li B, Liu S, He Z, Luo E, Liu H. The role of zinc finger proteins in the fate determination of mesenchymal stem cells during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 167:106507. [PMID: 38142772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) constitute a crucial group of transcription factors widely present in various organisms. They act as transcription factors, nucleases, and RNA-binding proteins, playing significant roles in cell differentiation, growth, and development. With extensive research on ZFPs, their roles in the determination of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) fate during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation processes have become increasingly clear. ZFP521, for instance, is identified as an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway and RUNX2's transcriptional activity, effectively suppressing osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, ZFP217 contributes to the inhibition of adipogenic differentiation by reducing the M6A level of the cell cycle regulator cyclin D1 (CCND1). In addition, other ZFPs can also influence the fate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation through various signaling pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetic controls, participating in the subsequent differentiation and maturation of precursor cells. Given the prevalent occurrence of osteoporosis, obesity, and related metabolic disorders, a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms balancing bone and fat metabolism is essential, with a particular focus on the fate determination of MSCs in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. In this review, we provide a detailed summary of how zinc finger proteins influence the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs through different signaling pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetic mechanisms. Additionally, we outline the regulatory mechanisms of ZFPs in controlling osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation based on various stages of MSC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ze He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - En Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanghang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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33
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Huang J, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Song J, Feng Y, Qiu T, Sheng S, Zhang M, Zhang X, Hao J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li X, Liu M, Chang Y. Foxj3 Regulates Thermogenesis of Brown and Beige Fat Via Induction of PGC-1α. Diabetes 2024; 73:178-196. [PMID: 37939221 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the development of and thermogenesis in brown and beige fat represents a potential treatment for obesity. In this study, we show that Foxj3 expression in fat is stimulated by cold exposure and a β-adrenergic agonist. Adipose-specific Foxj3 knockout impaired the thermogenic function of brown fat, leading to morphological whitening of brown fat and obesity. Adipose Foxj3-deficient mice displayed increased fasting blood glucose levels and hepatic steatosis while on a chow diet. Foxj3 deficiency inhibited the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) following β3-agonist treatment of mice. Furthermore, depletion of Foxj3 in primary brown adipocytes reduced the expression of thermogenic genes and cellular respiration, indicating that the Foxj3 effects on the thermogenic program are cell autonomous. In contrast, Foxj3 overexpression in primary brown adipocytes enhanced the thermogenic program. Moreover, AAV-mediated Foxj3 overexpression in brown fat and iWAT increased energy expenditure and improved systemic metabolism on either a chow or high-fat diet. Finally, Foxj3 deletion in fat inhibited the β3-agonist-mediated induction of WAT browning and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Mechanistically, cold-inducible Foxj3 stimulated the expression of PGC-1α and UCP1, subsequently promoting energy expenditure. This study identifies Foxj3 as a critical regulator of fat thermogenesis, and targeting Foxj3 in fat might be a therapeutic strategy for treating obesity and metabolic diseases. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuenan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiani Song
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yueyao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tongtong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sufang Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Menglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingran Hao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongsheng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Disease, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Xu F, Jiang H, Li X, Pan J, Li H, Wang L, Zhang P, Chen J, Qiu S, Xie Y, Li Y, Zhang D, Dong Z. Discovery of PRDM16-Mediated TRPA1 Induction as the Mechanism for Low Tubulo-Interstitial Fibrosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306704. [PMID: 38072665 PMCID: PMC10870028 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Diabetic kidney disease(DKD) involves pathological changes in both tubulo-interstitium and the glomerulus. Surprisingly, tubulo-interstitial fibrosis (TIF), does not develop significantly until the late stage of DKD. Here, it is demonstrated that PR domain-containing 16 (PRDM16) is a key to the low level of TIF in DKD. In the experiments, PRDM16 is upregulated in high glucose-treated renal tubular cells, DKD mouse kidneys, and renal biopsy of human DKD patients via activation of NF-κB signal pathway. High glucose-induced expression of fibrotic proteins in renal tubular cells is suppressed by PRDM16. Mechanistically, PRDM16 bound to the promotor region of Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) to transactivate its expression and then suppressed MAPK (P38, ERK1/2) activation and downstream expression of TGF-β1. Knockout of PRDM16 from kidney proximal tubules in mice blocked TRPA1 expression and enhanced MAPK activation, TGF-β1 production, TIF development, and DKD progression, whereas knock-in of PRDM16 has opposite effects. In addition, overexpression of PRDM16 or its induction by formononetin ameliorated renal dysfunction and fibrosis in db/db diabetic mice. Finally, the above finding are detected in renal biopsies of DKD patients. Together, these results unveil PRDM16/TRPA1 as the mechanism responsible for the low level of TIF in the early stage of DKD by suppressing and TGF-β1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xu
- Department of Emergency MedicineSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases InstituteSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Department of NephrologySecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Department of EndocrinologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyangHenan471000P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhou Li
- Department of Emergency MedicineSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases InstituteSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Emergency MedicineSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases InstituteSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Huiling Li
- Department of OphthalmologyCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Luxiang Wang
- Department of Emergency MedicineSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases InstituteSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Emergency MedicineSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases InstituteSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsXiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Junxiang Chen
- Department of NephrologySecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Shuangfa Qiu
- Department of Emergency MedicineSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases InstituteSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Xie
- Department of Emergency MedicineSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases InstituteSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Yijian Li
- Department of UrologySecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
| | - Dongshan Zhang
- Department of Emergency MedicineSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases InstituteSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Department of NephrologySecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Department of EndocrinologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyangHenan471000P. R. China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of NephrologySecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011P. R. China
- Department of Cellular Biology and AnatomyMedical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGeorgia30906USA
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Liu H, Yerevanian A, Westerhoff M, Hastings MH, Guerra JRB, Zhao M, Svensson KJ, Cai B, Soukas AA, Rosenzweig A. Roles of Activin A and Gpnmb in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). Diabetes 2024; 73:260-279. [PMID: 37934943 PMCID: PMC10796305 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH, formerly known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH]) are leading chronic liver diseases, driving cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and mortality. MASLD/MASH is associated with increased senescence proteins, including Activin A, and senolytics have been proposed as a therapeutic approach. To test the role of Activin A, we induced hepatic expression of Activin A in a murine MASLD/MASH model. Surprisingly, overexpression of hepatic Activin A dramatically mitigated MASLD, reducing liver steatosis and inflammation as well as systemic fat accumulation, while improving insulin sensitivity. Further studies identified a dramatic decrease in the lipid-associated macrophages marker glycoprotein NMB (Gpnmb) by Activin A, and Gpnmb knockdown in the same model produced similar benefits and transcriptional changes to Activin A expression. These studies reveal a surprising protective role for Activin A in MASLD and the potential for SASP proteins to have context-specific beneficial effects. Moreover, they implicate both Activin A and Gpnmb as potential therapeutic targets for this condition. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Armen Yerevanian
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Margaret H. Hastings
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Justin Ralph Baldovino Guerra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Katrin J. Svensson
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Bishuang Cai
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Alexander A. Soukas
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
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Ma X, Zhao LL, Yu YC, Cheng Y. Engrailed: Pathological and physiological effects of a multifunctional developmental gene. Genesis 2024; 62:e23557. [PMID: 37830136 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Engrailed-1 (EN1) is a developmental gene that encodes En1, a highly conserved transcription factor involved in regionalization during early embryogenesis and in the later maintenance of normal neurons. After birth, EN1 still plays a role in the development and physiology of the body; for example, it exerts a protective effect on midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons, and loss of EN1 causes mDA neurons in the ventral midbrain to gradually die approximately 6 weeks after birth, resulting in motor and nonmotor symptoms similar to those observed in Parkinson's disease. Notably, EN1 has been identified as a possible susceptibility gene for idiopathic Parkinson's disease in humans. EN1 is involved in the processes of wound-healing scar production and tissue and organ fibrosis. Additionally, EN1 can lead to tumorigenesis and thus provides a target for the treatment of some tumors. In this review, we summarize the effects of EN1 on embryonic organ development, describe the consequences of the deletion or overexpression of the EN1 gene, and discuss the pathways in which EN1 is involved. We hope to clarify the role of EN1 as a developmental gene and present potential therapeutic targets for diseases involving the EN1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Liang Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Chun Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
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Pasha A, Tondo A, Favre C, Calvani M. Inside the Biology of the β3-Adrenoceptor. Biomolecules 2024; 14:159. [PMID: 38397396 PMCID: PMC10887351 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the first discovery in 1989, the β3-adrenoceptor (β3-AR) has gained great attention because it showed the ability to regulate many physiologic and metabolic activities, such as thermogenesis and lipolysis in brown and white adipose tissue, respectively (BAT, WAT), negative inotropic effects in cardiomyocytes, and relaxation of the blood vessels and the urinary bladder. The β3-AR has been suggested as a potential target for cancer treatment, both in adult and pediatric tumors, since under hypoxia its upregulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) regulates stromal cell differentiation, tumor growth and metastases, signifying that its agonism/antagonism could be useful for clinical benefits. Promising results in cancer research have proposed the β3-AR being targeted for the treatment of many conditions, with some drugs, at present, undergoing phase II and III clinical trials. In this review, we report the scientific journey followed by the research from the β3-Ars' discovery, with focus on the β3-Ars' role in cancer initiation and progression that elects it an intriguing target for novel antineoplastic approaches. The overview highlights the great potential of the β3-AR, both in physiologic and pathologic conditions, with the intention to display the possible benefits of β3-AR modulation in cancer reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amada Pasha
- Department of Pediatric Hematology–Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.T.); (C.F.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tondo
- Department of Pediatric Hematology–Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.T.); (C.F.)
| | - Claudio Favre
- Department of Pediatric Hematology–Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.T.); (C.F.)
| | - Maura Calvani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology–Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.T.); (C.F.)
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38
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Suresh V, Bhattacharya B, Tshuva RY, Danan Gotthold M, Olender T, Bose M, Pradhan SJ, Zeev BB, Smith RS, Tole S, Galande S, Harwell CC, Baizabal JM, Reiner O. PRDM16 co-operates with LHX2 to shape the human brain. OXFORD OPEN NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 3:kvae001. [PMID: 38595939 PMCID: PMC10914218 DOI: 10.1093/oons/kvae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
PRDM16 is a dynamic transcriptional regulator of various stem cell niches, including adipocytic, hematopoietic, cardiac progenitors, and neural stem cells. PRDM16 has been suggested to contribute to 1p36 deletion syndrome, one of the most prevalent subtelomeric microdeletion syndromes. We report a patient with a de novo nonsense mutation in the PRDM16 coding sequence, accompanied by lissencephaly and microcephaly features. Human stem cells were genetically modified to mimic this mutation, generating cortical organoids that exhibited altered cell cycle dynamics. RNA sequencing of cortical organoids at day 32 unveiled changes in cell adhesion and WNT-signaling pathways. ChIP-seq of PRDM16 identified binding sites in postmortem human fetal cortex, indicating the conservation of PRDM16 binding to developmental genes in mice and humans, potentially at enhancer sites. A shared motif between PRDM16 and LHX2 was identified and further examined through comparison with LHX2 ChIP-seq data from mice. These results suggested a collaborative partnership between PRDM16 and LHX2 in regulating a common set of genes and pathways in cortical radial glia cells, possibly via their synergistic involvement in cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Suresh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Bidisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Rami Yair Tshuva
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Miri Danan Gotthold
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Tsviya Olender
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Mahima Bose
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Saurabh J Pradhan
- Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Biology Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, 3 Dr. Bohr-Gasse, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruria Ben Zeev
- Edmond and Lily Safra Pediatric Hospital, Sheba Medical Center and Tel Aviv School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Richard Scott Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 320 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shubha Tole
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Sanjeev Galande
- Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Biology Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Center of Excellence in Epigenetics, Shiv Nadar University, Shiv Nadar IoE, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh - 201314, India
| | - Corey C Harwell
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, 1651 4th St, San Francisco, CA94158, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - José-Manuel Baizabal
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E 3rd St., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Orly Reiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Zhang X, Ding X, Wang C, Le Q, Wu D, Song A, Huang G, Luo L, Luo Y, Yang X, Goins AE, Desai SP, Qiu C, Silva FD, Feldman LE, Zhou J, Spafford MF, Boyd NH, Prossnitz ER, Yang XO, Wang QA, Liu M. Depletion of JunB increases adipocyte thermogenic capacity and ameliorates diet-induced insulin resistance. Nat Metab 2024; 6:78-93. [PMID: 38191667 PMCID: PMC10954369 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00945-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The coexistence of brown adipocytes with low and high thermogenic activity is a fundamental feature of brown adipose tissue heterogeneity and plasticity. However, the mechanisms that govern thermogenic adipocyte heterogeneity and its significance in obesity and metabolic disease remain poorly understood. Here we show that in male mice, a population of transcription factor jun-B (JunB)-enriched (JunB+) adipocytes within the brown adipose tissue exhibits lower thermogenic capacity compared to high-thermogenic adipocytes. The JunB+ adipocyte population expands in obesity. Depletion of JunB in adipocytes increases the fraction of adipocytes exhibiting high thermogenic capacity, leading to enhanced basal and cold-induced energy expenditure and protection against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, JunB antagonizes the stimulatory effects of PPARγ coactivator-1α on high-thermogenic adipocyte formation by directly binding to the promoter of oestrogen-related receptor alpha, a PPARγ coactivator-1α downstream effector. Taken together, our study uncovers that JunB shapes thermogenic adipocyte heterogeneity, serving a critical role in maintaining systemic metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Chunqing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Que Le
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Dandan Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Anying Song
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Guixiang Huang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Aleyah E Goins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sharina P Desai
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Chengrui Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Floyd D Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Lily Elizabeth Feldman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael F Spafford
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nathan H Boyd
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Eric R Prossnitz
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center (UNMCCC), University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xuexian O Yang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Meilian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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Sun W, Zhang X, Bai X, Du K, Chen L, Wang H, Jia X, Lai S. miR-889-3p Facilitates the Browning Process of White Adipocyte Precursors by Targeting the SON Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17580. [PMID: 38139409 PMCID: PMC10743546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that beige/brown adipose tissue can dissipate stored energy through thermogenesis; hence, the browning of white adipocytes (WAT) has garnered significant interest in contemporary research. Our preceding investigations have identified a marked downregulation of miR-889-3p concurrent with the natural maturation of brown adipose tissue. However, the specific role and underlying molecular mechanisms of miR-889-3p in the browning process of white adipose tissue warrant further elucidation. In this research, we initially delved into the potential role of miR-889-3p in preadipocyte growth via flow cytometry and CCK-8 assay, revealing that miR-889-3p can stimulate preadipocyte growth. To validate the potential contribution of miR-889-3p in the browning process of white adipose tissue, we established an in vitro rabbit white adipocyte browning induction, which exhibited a significant upregulation of miR-889-3p during the browning process. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis indicated that miR-889-3p overexpression significantly amplified the mRNA levels of UCP1, PRDM16, and CIDEA, as well as UCP1 protein levels. Furthermore, miR-889-3p overexpression fostered intracellular triglyceride accumulation. Conversely, the downregulation of miR-889-3p hindered the browning of rabbit preadipocytes. Subsequently, based on target gene prediction and luciferase reporter gene determination, we demonstrated that miR-889-3p directly targets the 3'-UTR region of SON. Lastly, we observed that inhibiting SON could facilitate the browning of rabbit preadipocytes. In conclusion, our findings suggest that miR-889-3p facilitates the browning process of white adipocyte precursors by specifically targeting the SON gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Kun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Haoding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Xianbo Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Songjia Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
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Ma J, Wu Y, Cen L, Wang Z, Jiang K, Lian B, Sun C. Cold-inducible lncRNA266 promotes browning and the thermogenic program in white adipose tissue. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55467. [PMID: 37824433 PMCID: PMC10702832 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold-induced nonshivering thermogenesis has contributed to the improvement of several metabolic syndromes caused by obesity. Several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a role in brown fat biogenesis and thermogenesis. Here we show that the lncRNA lnc266 is induced by cold exposure in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). In vitro functional studies reveal that lnc266 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation and thermogenic gene expression. At room temperature, lnc266 has no effects on white fat browning and systemic energy consumption. However, in a cold environment, lnc266 promotes white fat browning and thermogenic gene expression in obese mice. Moreover, lnc266 increases core body temperature and reduces body weight gain. Mechanistically, lnc266 does not directly regulate Ucp1 expression. Instead, lnc266 sponges miR-16-1-3p and thus abolishes the repression of miR-16-1-3p on Ucp1 expression. As a result, lnc266 promotes preadipocyte differentiation toward brown-like adipocytes and stimulates thermogenic gene expression. Overall, lnc266 is a cold-inducible lncRNA in iWAT, with a key role in white fat browning and the thermogenic program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Yuting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Lixue Cen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Ketao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Bolin Lian
- School of Life SciencesNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Cheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
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Zhang Z, Xu L, Zhang L, Lu J, Peng Z, Guo X, Gao J. Transcriptomics profiling reveal the heterogeneity of white and brown adipocyte. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2023; 55:423-433. [PMID: 37906396 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-023-09990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The marker genes associated with white adipocytes and brown adipocytes have been previously identified; however, these markers have not been updated in several years, and the differentiation process of preadipocytes remains relatively fixed. Consequently, there has been a lack of exploration into alternative differentiation schemes. In this particular study, we present a transcriptional signature specific to brown adipocytes and white adipocytes. Notably, our findings reveal that ZNF497, ZIC1, ZFY, UTY, USP9Y, TXLNGY, TTTY14, TNNT3, TNNT2, TNNT1, TNNI1, TNNC1, TDRD15, SOX11, SLN, SFRP2, PRKY, PAX3KLHL40, PAX3, INKA2-AS1, SOX11, and TDRD15 exhibit high expression levels in brown adipocytes. XIST, HOXA10, PCAT19, HOXA7, PLSCR3, and AVPR1A exhibited high expression levels in white adipocytes, suggesting their potential as novel marker genes for the transition from white to brown adipocytes. Furthermore, our analysis revealed the coordinated activation of several pathways, including the PPAR signaling pathway, focal adhesion, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and thermogenesis pathways, in brown adipocytes. Moreover, in contrast to prevailing culture techniques, we conducted a comparative analysis of the differentiation protocols for white preadipocytes and brown preadipocytes, revealing that the differentiation outcome remained unaffected by the diverse culture schemes employed. However, the expression levels of certain marker genes in both adipocyte types were found to be altered. This investigation not only identified potential novel marker genes for adipocytes but also examined the impact of different differentiation methods on preadipocyte maturation. Consequently, these findings offer significant insights for further research on the differentiation processes of diverse adipocyte subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongren Hospital, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Liling Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongren Hospital, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongren Hospital, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | | | - Zhou Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongren Hospital, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Xirong Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongren Hospital, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China.
| | - Jianfang Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongren Hospital, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China.
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Kang Y, Ren P, Shen X, Kuang X, Yang X, Liu H, Yan H, Yang H, Kang X, Ding Z, Luo X, Ma J, Yang Y, Fan W. A Newly Synbiotic Combination Alleviates Obesity by Modulating the Gut Microbiota-Fat Axis and Inhibiting the Hepatic TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300141. [PMID: 37594720 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Obesity has been recognized as a worldwide public health crisis, this is accompanied by dysregulation of the intestinal microbiota and upregulation of liver steatosis and adipose inflammation. Synbiotic as a novel alternative therapy for obesity have recently gained much attention. METHODS This study innovatively research the anti-obesity properties of a newly synbiotic composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis and konjac glucomannan oligosaccharides. RESULTS The synbiotic treatment can reduce body weight, fat mass, blood sugar, liver steatosis and adipose inflammation in obesity mice fed by high-fat diet (HFD). Meanwhile, synbiotic treatment activated brown adipose tissue and improve energy, glucose and lipid metabolism. In addition, synbiotic treatment not solely enhanced the protection of intestinal barrier, but also ameliorated gut microbiota dysbiosis directly by enhancing beneficial microbes and reducing potentially harmful bacteria. Furthermore, the microbiome phenotype and functional prediction showed that synbiotic treatment can improve the gut microbiota functions involving inflammatory state, immune response, metabolism and pathopoiesia. CONCLUSION The synbiotic may be an effective candidate treatment strategy for the clinical prevention and treatment of obesity and other associated metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases by alleviating inflammatory response, regulating energy metabolism and maintaining the balance of intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Peng Ren
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaorong Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaoyu Kuang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaodan Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Huan Yan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xing Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Zeyuan Ding
- Laboratory of Morphology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xuguang Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Jieqiong Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650021, China
| | - Weiping Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
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44
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Dong H, Qin M, Wang P, Li S, Wang X. Regulatory effects and mechanisms of exercise on activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). Adipocyte 2023; 12:2266147. [PMID: 37795948 PMCID: PMC10563630 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2266147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise is a universally acknowledged and healthy way to reducing body weight. However, the roles and mechanisms of exercise on metabolism of adipose tissue remain largely unclear. Adipose tissues include white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipose tissue (BeAT). The main function of WAT is to store energy, while the BAT and BeAT can generate heat and consume energy. Therefore, promotion of BAT activation and WAT browning contributes to body weight loss. To date, many studies have suggested that exercise exerts the potential regulatory effects on BAT activation and WAT browning. In the present review, we compile the evidence for the regulatory effects of exercise on BAT activation and WAT browning and summarize the possible mechanisms whereby exercise modulates BAT activation and WAT browning, including activating sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and promoting the secretion of exerkines, with special focus on exerkines. These data might provide reference for prevention or treatment of obesity and the related metabolic disease through exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Dong
- Department of Physical Education, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Qin
- School of Sports and Health, Shanghai Lixin Accounting and Finance University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Shufan Li
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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45
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Huang X, Li X, Shen H, Zhao Y, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Yao J, Xue K, Wu D, Qiu Y. Transcriptional repression of beige fat innervation via a YAP/TAZ-S100B axis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7102. [PMID: 37925548 PMCID: PMC10625615 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sympathetic innervation is essential for the development of functional beige fat that maintains body temperature and metabolic homeostasis, yet the molecular mechanisms controlling this innervation remain largely unknown. Here, we show that adipocyte YAP/TAZ inhibit sympathetic innervation of beige fat by transcriptional repression of neurotropic factor S100B. Adipocyte-specific loss of Yap/Taz induces S100b expression to stimulate sympathetic innervation and biogenesis of functional beige fat both in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) and browning-resistant visceral WAT. Mechanistically, YAP/TAZ compete with C/EBPβ for binding to the zinc finger-2 domain of PRDM16 to suppress S100b transcription, which is released by adrenergic-stimulated YAP/TAZ phosphorylation and inactivation. Importantly, Yap/Taz loss in adipocytes or AAV-S100B overexpression in visceral WAT restricts both age-associated and diet-induced obesity, and improves metabolic homeostasis by enhancing energy expenditure of mice. Together, our data reveal that YAP/TAZ act as a brake on the beige fat innervation by blocking PRDM16-C/EBPβ-mediated S100b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinmeng Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hongyu Shen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yiheng Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhao Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yushuang Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingfei Yao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kaili Xue
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Yifu Qiu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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46
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Cero C, Shu W, Reese AL, Douglas D, Maddox M, Singh AP, Ali SL, Zhu AR, Katz JM, Pierce AE, Long KT, Nilubol N, Cypess RH, Jacobs JL, Tian F, Cypess AM. Standardized In Vitro Models of Human Adipose Tissue Reveal Metabolic Flexibility in Brown Adipocyte Thermogenesis. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad161. [PMID: 37944134 PMCID: PMC11032247 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Functional human brown and white adipose tissue (BAT and WAT) are vital for thermoregulation and nutritional homeostasis, while obesity and other stressors lead, respectively, to cold intolerance and metabolic disease. Understanding BAT and WAT physiology and dysfunction necessitates clinical trials complemented by mechanistic experiments at the cellular level. These require standardized in vitro models, currently lacking, that establish references for gene expression and function. We generated and characterized a pair of immortalized, clonal human brown (hBA) and white (hWA) preadipocytes derived from the perirenal and subcutaneous depots, respectively, of a 40-year-old male individual. Cells were immortalized with hTERT and confirmed to be of a mesenchymal, nonhematopoietic lineage based on fluorescence-activated cell sorting and DNA barcoding. Functional assessments showed that the hWA and hBA phenocopied primary adipocytes in terms of adrenergic signaling, lipolysis, and thermogenesis. Compared to hWA, hBA were metabolically distinct, with higher rates of glucose uptake and lactate metabolism, and greater basal, maximal, and nonmitochondrial respiration, providing a mechanistic explanation for the association between obesity and BAT dysfunction. The hBA also responded to the stress of maximal respiration by using both endogenous and exogenous fatty acids. In contrast to certain mouse models, hBA adrenergic thermogenesis was mediated by several mechanisms, not principally via uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Transcriptomics via RNA-seq were consistent with the functional studies and established a molecular signature for each cell type before and after differentiation. These standardized cells are anticipated to become a common resource for future physiological, pharmacological, and genetic studies of human adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Cero
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Weiguo Shu
- American Type Culture Collection, Cell Biology R&D, 217 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Amy L Reese
- American Type Culture Collection, Sequencing and Bioinformatics Center, 10801 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Diana Douglas
- American Type Culture Collection, Cell Biology R&D, 217 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Michael Maddox
- American Type Culture Collection, Cell Biology R&D, 217 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
- Current Affiliation: Vita Therapeutics, 801 W. Baltimore Street, Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ajeet P Singh
- American Type Culture Collection, Sequencing and Bioinformatics Center, 10801 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Sahara L Ali
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexander R Zhu
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Katz
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anne E Pierce
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kelly T Long
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Naris Nilubol
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Room 4-5952, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Raymond H Cypess
- American Type Culture Collection, 10801 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Jonathan L Jacobs
- American Type Culture Collection, Sequencing and Bioinformatics Center, 10801 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Fang Tian
- American Type Culture Collection, Cell Biology R&D, 217 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Aaron M Cypess
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Zhang Z, Cui Y, Su V, Wang D, Tol MJ, Cheng L, Wu X, Kim J, Rajbhandari P, Zhang S, Li W, Tontonoz P, Villanueva CJ, Sallam T. A PPARγ/long noncoding RNA axis regulates adipose thermoneutral remodeling in mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170072. [PMID: 37909330 PMCID: PMC10617768 DOI: 10.1172/jci170072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Interplay between energy-storing white adipose cells and thermogenic beige adipocytes contributes to obesity and insulin resistance. Irrespective of specialized niche, adipocytes require the activity of the nuclear receptor PPARγ for proper function. Exposure to cold or adrenergic signaling enriches thermogenic cells though multiple pathways that act synergistically with PPARγ; however, the molecular mechanisms by which PPARγ licenses white adipose tissue to preferentially adopt a thermogenic or white adipose fate in response to dietary cues or thermoneutral conditions are not fully elucidated. Here, we show that a PPARγ/long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) axis integrates canonical and noncanonical thermogenesis to restrain white adipose tissue heat dissipation during thermoneutrality and diet-induced obesity. Pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of the lncRNA Lexis enhances uncoupling protein 1-dependent (UCP1-dependent) and -independent thermogenesis. Adipose-specific deletion of Lexis counteracted diet-induced obesity, improved insulin sensitivity, and enhanced energy expenditure. Single-nuclei transcriptomics revealed that Lexis regulates a distinct population of thermogenic adipocytes. We systematically map Lexis motif preferences and show that it regulates the thermogenic program through the activity of the metabolic GWAS gene and WNT modulator TCF7L2. Collectively, our studies uncover a new mode of crosstalk between PPARγ and WNT that preserves white adipose tissue plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ya Cui
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vivien Su
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marcus J. Tol
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lijing Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jason Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sicheng Zhang
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and
| | - Claudio J. Villanueva
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, College of Life Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tamer Sallam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Pratt EAL, Beheregaray LB, Fruet P, Tezanos-Pinto G, Bilgmann K, Zanardo N, Diaz-Aguirre F, Secchi ER, Freitas TRO, Möller LM. Genomic Divergence and the Evolution of Ecotypes in Bottlenose Dolphins (Genus Tursiops). Genome Biol Evol 2023; 15:evad199. [PMID: 37935115 PMCID: PMC10655200 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Climatic changes have caused major environmental restructuring throughout the world's oceans. Marine organisms have responded to novel conditions through various biological systems, including genomic adaptation. Growing accessibility of next-generation DNA sequencing methods to study nonmodel species has recently allowed genomic changes underlying environmental adaptations to be investigated. This study used double-digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequence data to investigate the genomic basis of ecotype formation across currently recognized species and subspecies of bottlenose dolphins (genus Tursiops) in the Southern Hemisphere. Subspecies-level genomic divergence was confirmed between the offshore common bottlenose dolphin (T. truncatus truncatus) and the inshore Lahille's bottlenose dolphin (T. t. gephyreus) from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWAO). Similarly, subspecies-level divergence is suggested between inshore (eastern Australia) Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (T. aduncus) and the proposed Burrunan dolphin (T. australis) from southern Australia. Inshore bottlenose dolphin lineages generally had lower genomic diversity than offshore lineages, a pattern particularly evident for T. t. gephyreus, which showed exceptionally low diversity. Genomic regions associated with cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and energy production systems appear to have undergone repeated adaptive evolution in inshore lineages across the Southern Hemisphere. We hypothesize that comparable selective pressures in the inshore environment drove similar adaptive responses in each lineage, supporting parallel evolution of inshore bottlenose dolphins. With climate change altering marine ecosystems worldwide, it is crucial to gain an understanding of the adaptive capacity of local species and populations. Our study provides insights into key adaptive pathways that may be important for the long-term survival of cetaceans and other organisms in a changing marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor A L Pratt
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Luciano B Beheregaray
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Pedro Fruet
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha (ECOMEGA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
- Museu Oceanográfico Prof. Eliézer de C. Rios, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
- Kaosa, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Kerstin Bilgmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nikki Zanardo
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Environment and Water, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Fernando Diaz-Aguirre
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Eduardo R Secchi
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha (ECOMEGA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
- Museu Oceanográfico Prof. Eliézer de C. Rios, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Thales R O Freitas
- Laboratório de Citogenética e Evolução, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Möller
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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49
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Cheng L, Shi L, He C, Wang C, Lv Y, Li H, An Y, Duan Y, Dai H, Zhang H, Huang Y, Fu W, Sun W, Zhao B. Mulberry leaf flavonoids activate BAT and induce browning of WAT to improve type 2 diabetes via regulating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:812-829. [PMID: 38035937 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf is a well-established traditional Chinese botanical and culinary resource. It has found widespread application in the management of diabetes. The bioactive constituents of mulberry leaf, specifically mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLFs), exhibit pronounced potential in the amelioration of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This potential is attributed to their ability to safeguard pancreatic β cells, enhance insulin resistance, and inhibit α-glucosidase activity. Our antecedent research findings underscore the substantial therapeutic efficacy of MLFs in treating T2D. However, the precise mechanistic underpinnings of MLF's anti-T2D effects remain the subject of inquiry. Activation of brown/beige adipocytes is a novel and promising strategy for T2D treatment. In the present study, our primary objective was to elucidate the impact of MLFs on adipose tissue browning in db/db mice and 3T3-L1 cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism. The results manifested that MLFs reduced body weight and food intake, alleviated hepatic steatosis, improved insulin sensitivity, and increased lipolysis and thermogenesis in db/db mice. Moreover, MLFs activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) and induced the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (IWAT) and 3T3-L1 adipocytes by increasing the expressions of brown adipocyte marker genes and proteins such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and beige adipocyte marker genes such as transmembrane protein 26 (Tmem26), thereby promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Mechanistically, MLFs facilitated the activation of BAT and the induction of WAT browning to ameliorate T2D primarily through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) signaling pathway. These findings highlight the unique capacity of MLF to counteract T2D by enhancing BAT activation and inducing browning of IWAT, thereby ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. As such, MLFs emerge as a prospective and innovative browning agent for the treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Lu Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Changhao He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yinglan Lv
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yongcheng An
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yuhui Duan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hongyu Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wanxin Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Weiguang Sun
- GuangZhou Baiyunshan Xingqun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510288, China.
| | - Baosheng Zhao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Joung HY, Oh JM, Song MS, Kwon YB, Chun S. Selegiline Modulates Lipid Metabolism by Activating AMPK Pathways of Epididymal White Adipose Tissues in HFD-Fed Obese Mice. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2539. [PMID: 38004519 PMCID: PMC10675427 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, as a major cause of many chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, is among the most serious health problems. Increased monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity has been observed in the adipose tissue of obese humans and animals. Although previous studies have already demonstrated the potential of MAO-B inhibitors as a treatment for this condition, the mechanism of their effect has been insufficiently elucidated. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of selegiline, a selective MAO-B inhibitor, using in vivo animal models. The effect was evaluated through an assessment of body energy homeostasis, glucose tolerance tests, and biochemical analysis. Pharmacological inhibition of MAO-B by selegiline was observed to reduce body weight and fat accumulation, and improved glucose metabolism without a corresponding change in food intake, in HFD-fed obese mice. We also observed that both the expression of adipogenenic markers, including C/EBPα and FABP4, and lipogenic markers such as pACC were significantly reduced in epididymal white adipose tissues (eWATs). Conversely, increased expression of lipolytic markers such as ATGL and pHSL and AMPK phosphorylation were noted. Treating obese mice with selegiline significantly increased expression levels of UCP1 and promoted eWAT browning, indicating increased energy expenditure. These results suggest that selegiline, by inhibiting MAO-B activity, is a potential anti-obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Young Joung
- Department of Physiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.J.); (J.-M.O.)
| | - Jung-Mi Oh
- Department of Physiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.J.); (J.-M.O.)
- Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Song
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young-Bae Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sungkun Chun
- Department of Physiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.J.); (J.-M.O.)
- Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
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