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Hu Y, Lauffer P, Jongejan A, Falize K, Bruinstroop E, van Trotsenburg P, Fliers E, Hennekam RC, Boelen A. Analysis of genes differentially expressed in the cortex of mice with the Tbl1xr1 Y446C/Y446C variant. Gene 2024; 927:148707. [PMID: 38885822 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Transducin β-like 1 X-linked receptor 1 (mouse Tbl1xr1) or TBL1X/Y related 1 (human TBL1XR1), part of the NCoR/SMRT corepressor complex, is involved in nuclear receptor signaling. Variants in TBL1XR1 cause a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders including Pierpont syndrome caused by the p.Tyr446Cys variant. We recently reported a mouse model carrying the Tbl1xr1Y446C/Y446C variant as a model for Pierpont syndrome. To obtain insight into mechanisms involved in altered brain development we studied gene expression patterns in the cortex of mutant and wild type (WT) mice, using RNA-sequencing, differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and hub gene analysis. We validated results in mutated mouse cortex, as well as in BV2 and SK-N-AS cell lines, in both of which Tbl1xr1 was knocked down by siRNA. Two DEGs (adj.P. Val < 0.05) were found in the cortex, Mpeg1 (downregulated in mutant mice) and 2900052N01Rik (upregulated in mutant mice). GSEA, WGCNA and hub gene analysis demonstrated changes in genes involved in ion channel function and neuroinflammation in the cortex of the Tbl1xr1Y446C/Y446C mice. The lowered expression of ion channel genes Kcnh3 and Kcnj4 mRNA was validated in the mutant mouse cortex, and increased expression of TRIM9, associated with neuroinflammation, was confirmed in the SK-N-AS cell line. Conclusively, our results show altered expression of genes involved in ion channel function and neuroinflammation in the cortex of the Tbl1xr1Y446C/Y446C mice. These may partly explain the impaired neurodevelopment observed in individuals with Pierpont syndrome and related TBL1XR1-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Hu
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Lauffer
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Research Institute Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Bioinformatics Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Research Institute Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kim Falize
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline Bruinstroop
- Research Institute Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul van Trotsenburg
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Research Institute Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Fliers
- Research Institute Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Raoul C Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anita Boelen
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Research Institute Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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English J, Orofino J, Cederquist CT, Paul I, Li H, Auwerx J, Emili A, Belkina A, Cardamone D, Perissi V. GPS2-mediated regulation of the adipocyte secretome modulates adipose tissue remodeling at the onset of diet-induced obesity. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101682. [PMID: 36731652 PMCID: PMC9922684 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysfunctional, unhealthy expansion of white adipose tissue due to excess dietary intake is a process at the root of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes development. The objective of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanism(s) regulating the early stages of adipose tissue expansion and adaptation to dietary stress due to an acute, high-fat diet (HFD) challenge, with a focus on the communication between adipocytes and other stromal cells. METHODS We profiled the early response to high-fat diet exposure in wildtype and adipocyte-specific GPS2-KO (GPS2-AKO) mice at the cellular, tissue and organismal level. A multi-pronged approach was employed to disentangle the complex cellular interactions dictating tissue remodeling, via single-cell RNA sequencing and FACS profiling of the stromal fraction, and semi-quantitative proteomics of the adipocyte-derived exosomal cargo after 5 weeks of HFD feeding. RESULTS Our results indicate that loss of GPS2 in mature adipocytes leads to impaired adaptation to the metabolic stress imposed by HFD feeding. GPS2-AKO mice are significantly more inflamed, insulin resistant, and obese, compared to the WT counterparts. At the cellular level, lack of GPS2 in adipocytes impacts upon other stromal populations, with both the eWAT and scWAT depots exhibiting changes in the immune and non-immune compartments that contribute to an increase in inflammatory and anti-adipogenic cell types. Our studies also revealed that adipocyte to stromal cell communication is facilitated by exosomes, and that transcriptional rewiring of the exosomal cargo is crucial for tissue remodeling. Loss of GPS2 results in increased expression of secreted factors promoting a TGFβ-driven fibrotic microenvironment favoring unhealthy tissue remodeling and expansion. CONCLUSIONS Adipocytes serve as an intercellular signaling hub, communicating with the stromal compartment via paracrine signaling. Our study highlights the importance of proper regulation of the 'secretome' released by energetically stressed adipocytes at the onset of obesity. Altered transcriptional regulation of factors secreted via adipocyte-derived exosomes (AdExos), in the absence of GPS2, contributes to the establishment of an anti-adipogenic, pro-fibrotic adipose tissue environment, and to hastened progression towards a metabolically dysfunctional phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin English
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Joseph Orofino
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Carly T. Cederquist
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Indranil Paul
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Hao Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Andrew Emili
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Anna Belkina
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Dafne Cardamone
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Valentina Perissi
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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Pray BA, Youssef Y, Alinari L. TBL1X: At the crossroads of transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation. Exp Hematol 2022; 116:18-25. [PMID: 36206873 PMCID: PMC9929687 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 2 decades, the adaptor protein transducin β-like 1 (TBL1X) and its homolog TBL1XR1 have been shown to be upregulated in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, and their overexpression is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Moreover, dysregulation of the TBL1 family of proteins has been implicated as a key component of oncogenic prosurvival signaling, cancer progression, and metastasis. Herein, we discuss how TBL1X and TBL1XR1 are required for the regulation of major transcriptional programs through the silencing mediator for tetanoid and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT)/nuclear receptor corepressor (NCOR)/ B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) complex, Wnt/β catenin, and NF-κB signaling. We outline the utilization of tegavivint (Iterion Therapeutics), a first-in-class small molecule targeting the N-terminus domain of TBL1, as a novel therapeutic strategy in preclinical models of cancer and clinically. Although most published work has focused on the transcriptional role of TBL1X, we recently showed that in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common lymphoma subtype, genetic knockdown of TBL1X and treatment with tegavivint resulted in decreased expression of critical (onco)-proteins in a posttranscriptional/β-catenin-independent manner by promoting their proteasomal degradation through a Skp1/Cul1/F-box (SCF)/TBL1X supercomplex and potentially through the regulation of protein synthesis. However, given that TBL1X controls multiple oncogenic signaling pathways in cancer, treatment with tegavivint may ultimately result in drug resistance, providing the rationale for combination strategies. Although many questions related to TBL1X function remain to be answered in lymphoma and other diseases, these data provide a growing body of evidence that TBL1X is a promising therapeutic target in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsy A Pray
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Youssef Youssef
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
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Yang Y, Zhong W, Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Lai H, Yu H, Feng N, Han Y, Huang R, Zhai Q. Sustained Inflammation Induced by LPS Leads to Tolerable Anorexia and Fat Loss via Tlr4 in Mice. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5635-5648. [PMID: 36211223 PMCID: PMC9534160 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s358518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sustained inflammation is implicated in a variety of pathological conditions like infection, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Lipid metabolism is crucial to support immune response during infection of bacteria. However, how sustained inflammation affects lipid metabolism, especially in white adipose tissue remains largely unknown. Methods Sustained inflammation was induced by daily injection of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Tlr4 knockout mice were used to study the mechanism. Inflammation and lipid metabolism were evaluated by quantitative PCR, white blood cell counting, nuclear magnetic resonance, fat cell size quantification, lipolysis and fatty acid uptake assays, respiratory exchange ratio, and energy expenditure. Results Here, we found that sustained inflammation leads to fat loss in mice with a quick loss and gradual increase manner. Moreover, LPS injection leads to inflammation, anorexia, decreased lipid anabolism, and increased lipid catabolism. Mechanically, we show that LPS induces fat loss, inflammation, anorexia, and alteration of lipid metabolism mainly dependent on Tlr4. Interestingly, sustained inflammation induces less fat loss, especially in epididymal white adipose tissue, than pair-feeding, and pair-feeding has no significant effect on inflammation and leads to less fatty acid uptake, more lipid catabolism and energy expenditure than LPS injection. In addition, we demonstrate that short-term sustained inflammation leads to relative long-term tolerance for LPS-induced anorexia, inflammation and altered lipid metabolism. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that sustained inflammation induced by LPS leads to tolerable anorexia and fat loss via Tlr4 in mice, and provide new insights into the effect of sustained inflammation on lipid metabolism and subsequent tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yale Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wuling Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yali Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yalan Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hejin Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimin Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumo Han
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiwei Zhai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qiwei Zhai, Shanghai, 200031, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 21 5492 0903, Fax +86 21 5492 0291, Email
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Obesity and cancer-extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, and adrenergic signaling as unusual suspects linking the two diseases. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:517-547. [PMID: 36074318 PMCID: PMC9470659 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an established risk factor for several human cancers. Given the association between excess body weight and cancer, the increasing rates of obesity worldwide are worrisome. A variety of obesity-related factors has been implicated in cancer initiation, progression, and response to therapy. These factors include circulating nutritional factors, hormones, and cytokines, causing hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, and adipose tissue dysfunction. The impact of these conditions on cancer development and progression has been the focus of extensive literature. In this review, we concentrate on processes that can link obesity and cancer, and which provide a novel perspective: extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, and adrenergic signaling. We describe molecular mechanisms involved in these processes, which represent putative targets for intervention. Liver, pancreas, and breast cancers were chosen as exemplary disease models. In view of the expanding epidemic of obesity, a better understanding of the tumorigenic process in obese individuals might lead to more effective treatments and preventive measures.
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Genetic diversity and population structure of six autochthonous pig breeds from Croatia, Serbia, and Slovenia. Genet Sel Evol 2022; 54:30. [PMID: 35484510 PMCID: PMC9052598 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-022-00718-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of local breeds as genetic reservoirs of valuable genetic variation is well established. Pig breeding in Central and South-Eastern Europe has a long tradition that led to the formation of several local pig breeds. In the present study, genetic diversity parameters were analysed in six autochthonous pig breeds from Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia (Banija spotted, Black Slavonian, Turopolje pig, Swallow-bellied Mangalitsa, Moravka and Krskopolje pig). Animals from each of these breeds were genotyped using microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The results obtained with these two marker systems and those based on pedigree data were compared. In addition, we estimated inbreeding levels based on the distribution of runs of homozygosity (ROH) and identified genomic regions under selection pressure using ROH islands and the integrated haplotype score (iHS). RESULTS The lowest heterozygosity values calculated from microsatellite and SNP data were observed in the Turopolje pig. The observed heterozygosity was higher than the expected heterozygosity in the Black Slavonian, Moravka and Turopolje pig. Both types of markers allowed us to distinguish clusters of individuals belonging to each breed. The analysis of admixture between breeds revealed potential gene flow between the Mangalitsa and Moravka, and between the Mangalitsa and Black Slavonian, but no introgression events were detected in the Banija spotted and Turopolje pig. The distribution of ROH across the genome was not uniform. Analysis of the ROH islands identified genomic regions with an extremely high frequency of shared ROH within the Swallow-bellied Mangalitsa, which harboured genes associated with cholesterol biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism and daily weight gain. The iHS approach to detect signatures of selection revealed candidate regions containing genes with potential roles in reproduction traits and disease resistance. CONCLUSIONS Based on the estimation of population parameters obtained from three data sets, we showed the existence of relationships among the six pig breeds analysed here. Analysis of the distribution of ROH allowed us to estimate the level of inbreeding and the extent of homozygous regions in these breeds. The iHS analysis revealed genomic regions potentially associated with phenotypic traits and allowed the detection of genomic regions under selection pressure.
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Nuclear Receptors in Energy Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1390:61-82. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11836-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Barilla S, Treuter E, Venteclef N. Transcriptional and epigenetic control of adipocyte remodeling during obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:2013-2025. [PMID: 34813171 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of obesity over the past decades coincides with the rising awareness that a detailed understanding of both adipose tissue biology and obesity-associated remodeling is crucial for developing therapeutic and preventive strategies. Substantial progress has been made in identifying the signaling pathways and transcriptional networks that orchestrate alterations of adipocyte gene expression linked to diverse phenotypes. Owing to recent advances in epigenomics, we also gained a better appreciation for the fact that different environmental cues can epigenetically reprogram adipocyte fate and function, mainly by altering DNA methylation and histone modification patterns. Intriguingly, it appears that transcription factors and chromatin-modifying coregulator complexes are the key regulatory components that coordinate both signaling-induced transcriptional and epigenetic alterations in adipocytes. In this review, we summarize and discuss current molecular insights into how these alterations and the involved regulatory components trigger adipogenesis and adipose tissue remodeling in response to energy surplus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Barilla
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Cordeliers Research Center, Inserm, University of Paris, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France
- Inovarion, Paris, France
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Losartan Attenuates Insulin Resistance and Regulates Browning Phenomenon of White Adipose Tissue in ob/ob Mice. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:1828-1843. [PMID: 34889901 PMCID: PMC8929071 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a villain role to the pathology of fatty liver diseases implicated in adipose tissue dysfunction, which is characterized by lipid droplets (LDs) accumulation and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) related macrophage infiltration. HIF1α is required for its lipogenic actions in adipocytes, while and it regulates M1 and M2 polarization features of macrophages. Losartan has been shown to be an insulin sensitizer in obese states, actions involving in HIF1α signaling. However, the exact mechanisms accounting for these effects have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, GTT, ITT, and HOMA-IR were identified losartan alleviated IR signaling in obese mice. This alleviation may through inhibits HIF1α by suppressing STAT3-NF-κB signaling, which, in turn, revealed HIF1α-dependent decreases the angiogenesis pathway in adipose tissue, including regulation of VEGF and TGFβR2 levels. In white adipose tissue, a set of lipogenesis-related genes, Srebp1, Fas, and Scd-1 were markedly downregulated after losartan intervention, as well as reduced LDs size and LD-associated proteins, perilipin family proteins (PLINs) compared with obese mice. Losartan abolished macrophage infiltration with upregulation of M2 and inhibition of M1 macrophage markers in obese mice. Our data suggest that losartan attenuated obese-induced fatty liver, linked to alleviating inflammation in adipose tissues and a shift in M1/M2 macrophage balance. Furthermore, losartan might improve mitochondria biogenesis by upregulating SIRT1, PGC1α, UCP1, and mRNA of Tfam, Cd137, Tmem26, Ucp1 expression in white adipose tissue compared with the obese group. Taken together, losartan may improve IR and adipose dysfunction by inhibiting lipotoxicity and HIF1α pathways.
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Mastrototaro G, Zaghi M, Massimino L, Moneta M, Mohammadi N, Banfi F, Bellini E, Indrigo M, Fagnocchi G, Bagliani A, Taverna S, Rohm M, Herzig S, Sessa A. TBL1XR1 Ensures Balanced Neural Development Through NCOR Complex-Mediated Regulation of the MAPK Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641410. [PMID: 33708771 PMCID: PMC7940385 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TBL1XR1 gene is associated with multiple developmental disorders presenting several neurological aspects. The relative protein is involved in the modulation of important cellular pathways and master regulators of transcriptional output, including nuclear receptor repressors, Wnt signaling, and MECP2 protein. However, TBL1XR1 mutations (including complete loss of its functions) have not been experimentally studied in a neurological context, leaving a knowledge gap in the mechanisms at the basis of the diseases. Here, we show that Tbl1xr1 knock-out mice exhibit behavioral and neuronal abnormalities. Either the absence of TBL1XR1 or its point mutations interfering with stability/regulation of NCOR complex induced decreased proliferation and increased differentiation in neural progenitors. We suggest that this developmental unbalance is due to a failure in the regulation of the MAPK cascade. Taken together, our results broaden the molecular and functional aftermath of TBL1XR1 deficiency associated with human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Mastrototaro
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Zaghi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Moneta
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Neda Mohammadi
- Neurimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Banfi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bellini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Indrigo
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Fagnocchi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Bagliani
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Ovest Milanese, Legnano Hospital, Legnano, Italy
| | - Stefano Taverna
- Neurimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rohm
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Alessandro Sessa
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Nakatsu Y, Yamamotoya T, Okumura M, Ishii T, Kanamoto M, Naito M, Nakanishi M, Aoyama S, Matsunaga Y, Kushiyama A, Sakoda H, Fujishiro M, Ono H, Asano T. Prolyl isomerase Pin1 interacts with adipose triglyceride lipase and negatively controls both its expression and lipolysis. Metabolism 2021; 115:154459. [PMID: 33279499 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipolysis is essential for the supply of nutrients during fasting, the control of body weight, and remodeling of white adipose tissues and thermogenesis. In the obese state, lipolysis activity and the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), a rate-limiting enzyme, is suppressed. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of ATGL remains largely unknown. We previously reported that a high-fat diet obviously increases protein levels of the prolyl isomerase, Pin1, in epididymal white adipose tissue (epiWAT) of mice and that Pin1 KO mice are resistant to developing obesity. RESULTS The present study found that deletion of the Pin1 gene in epiWAT upregulated lipolysis and increased ATGL protein expression by ~2-fold. In addition, it was demonstrated that Pin1 directly associated with ATGL and enhanced its degradation through the ubiquitin proteasome system. Indeed, Pin1 overexpression decreased ATGL expression levels, whereas Pin1 knockdown by siRNA treatment upregulated ATGL protein levels without altering mRNA levels. Moreover, under a high fat diet (HFD)-fed condition, adipocyte-specific Pin1 KO (adipoPin1 KO) mice had 2-fold increase lipolytic activity and upregulated β-oxidation-related gene expressions. These mice also gained less body weight, and had better glucose metabolism according to the results of glucose and insulin tolerance tests. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results showed that Pin1 directly interacted with and degraded ATGL via a ubiquitin-proteasome system, consequently causing the downregulation of lipolysis. Therefore, Pin1 could be considered a target for the treatment of dyslipidemia and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakatsu
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamotoya
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mizuki Okumura
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Ishii
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mayu Kanamoto
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miki Naito
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mikako Nakanishi
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shunya Aoyama
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuka Matsunaga
- Center for Translational Research in Infection & Inflammation, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Akifumi Kushiyama
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sakoda
- Division of Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Midori Fujishiro
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Hiraku Ono
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomoichiro Asano
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan.
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12
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Drareni K, Ballaire R, Alzaid F, Goncalves A, Chollet C, Barilla S, Nguewa JL, Dias K, Lemoine S, Riveline JP, Roussel R, Dalmas E, Velho G, Treuter E, Gautier JF, Venteclef N. Adipocyte Reprogramming by the Transcriptional Coregulator GPS2 Impacts Beta Cell Insulin Secretion. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108141. [PMID: 32937117 PMCID: PMC7495095 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is maintained through organ crosstalk that regulates secretion of insulin to keep blood glucose levels within a physiological range. In type 2 diabetes, this coordinated response is altered, leading to a deregulation of beta cell function and inadequate insulin secretion. Reprogramming of white adipose tissue has a central role in this deregulation, but the critical regulatory components remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that expression of the transcriptional coregulator GPS2 in white adipose tissue is correlated with insulin secretion rate in humans. The causality of this relationship is confirmed using adipocyte-specific GPS2 knockout mice, in which inappropriate secretion of insulin promotes glucose intolerance. This phenotype is driven by adipose-tissue-secreted factors, which cause increased pancreatic islet inflammation and impaired beta cell function. Thus, our study suggests that, in mice and in humans, GPS2 controls the reprogramming of white adipocytes to influence pancreatic islet function and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Drareni
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France.
| | | | - Fawaz Alzaid
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Andreia Goncalves
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Chollet
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Serena Barilla
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14157, Sweden
| | - Jean-Louis Nguewa
- Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Karine Dias
- École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSERM, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Plateforme Génomique, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lemoine
- École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSERM, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Plateforme Génomique, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Riveline
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, DHU FIRE, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Elise Dalmas
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Gilberto Velho
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14157, Sweden
| | - Jean-François Gautier
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France.
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13
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Barilla S, Liang N, Mileti E, Ballaire R, Lhomme M, Ponnaiah M, Lemoine S, Soprani A, Gautier JF, Amri EZ, Le Goff W, Venteclef N, Treuter E. Loss of G protein pathway suppressor 2 in human adipocytes triggers lipid remodeling by upregulating ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1. Mol Metab 2020; 42:101066. [PMID: 32798719 PMCID: PMC7509237 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipogenesis is critical for adipose tissue remodeling during the development of obesity. While the role of transcription factors in the orchestration of adipogenic pathways is already established, the involvement of coregulators that transduce regulatory signals into epigenome alterations and transcriptional responses remains poorly understood. The aim of our study was to investigate which pathways are controlled by G protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2) during the differentiation of human adipocytes. METHODS We generated a unique loss-of-function model by RNAi depletion of GPS2 in human multipotent adipose-derived stem (hMADS) cells. We thoroughly characterized the coregulator depletion-dependent pathway alterations during adipocyte differentiation at the level of transcriptome (RNA-seq), epigenome (ChIP-seq H3K27ac), cistrome (ChIP-seq GPS2), and lipidome. We validated the in vivo relevance of the identified pathways in non-diabetic and diabetic obese patients. RESULTS The loss of GPS2 triggers the reprogramming of cellular processes related to adipocyte differentiation by increasing the responses to the adipogenic cocktail. In particular, GPS2 depletion increases the expression of BMP4, an important trigger for the commitment of fibroblast-like progenitors toward the adipogenic lineage and increases the expression of inflammatory and metabolic genes. GPS2-depleted human adipocytes are characterized by hypertrophy, triglyceride and phospholipid accumulation, and sphingomyelin depletion. These changes are likely a consequence of the increased expression of ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1) that mediates sphingomyelin efflux from adipocytes and modulates lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. We identify ABCG1 as a direct transcriptional target, as GPS2 depletion leads to coordinated changes of transcription and H3K27 acetylation at promoters and enhancers that are occupied by GPS2 in wild-type adipocytes. We find that in omental adipose tissue of obese humans, GPS2 levels correlate with ABCG1 levels, type 2 diabetic status, and lipid metabolic status, supporting the in vivo relevance of the hMADS cell-derived in vitro data. CONCLUSION Our study reveals a dual regulatory role of GPS2 in epigenetically modulating the chromatin landscape and gene expression during human adipocyte differentiation and identifies a hitherto unknown GPS2-ABCG1 pathway potentially linked to adipocyte hypertrophy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Barilla
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Enrichetta Mileti
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Raphaëlle Ballaire
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, University of Paris, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, F-75006, Paris, France; Inovarion, Paris, France
| | - Marie Lhomme
- ICANalytics Lipidomic, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Maharajah Ponnaiah
- ICANalytics Lipidomic, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lemoine
- École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inserm, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Plateforme Génomique, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Soprani
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, University of Paris, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, F-75006, Paris, France; Department of Digestive Surgery, Générale de Santé (GDS), Geoffroy Saint Hilaire Clinic, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Francois Gautier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, University of Paris, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, F-75006, Paris, France; Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Diabetology Department, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ez-Zoubir Amri
- University of Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice, France
| | - Wilfried Le Goff
- Sorbonne University, Inserm, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, University of Paris, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, F-75006, Paris, France; Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Diabetology Department, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden.
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14
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Drareni K, Ballaire R, Barilla S, Mathew MJ, Toubal A, Fan R, Liang N, Chollet C, Huang Z, Kondili M, Foufelle F, Soprani A, Roussel R, Gautier JF, Alzaid F, Treuter E, Venteclef N. GPS2 Deficiency Triggers Maladaptive White Adipose Tissue Expansion in Obesity via HIF1A Activation. Cell Rep 2019; 24:2957-2971.e6. [PMID: 30208320 PMCID: PMC6153369 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic white adipose tissue (WAT) represents a maladaptive mechanism linked to the risk for developing type 2 diabetes in humans. However, the molecular events that predispose WAT to hypertrophy are poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that adipocyte hypertrophy is triggered by loss of the corepressor GPS2 during obesity. Adipocyte-specific GPS2 deficiency in mice (GPS2 AKO) causes adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction during surplus energy. This phenotype is driven by HIF1A activation that orchestrates inadequate WAT remodeling and disrupts mitochondrial activity, which can be reversed by pharmacological or genetic HIF1A inhibition. Correlation analysis of gene expression in human adipose tissue reveals a negative relationship between GPS2 and HIF1A, adipocyte hypertrophy, and insulin resistance. We propose therefore that the obesity-associated loss of GPS2 in adipocytes predisposes for a maladaptive WAT expansion and a pro-diabetic status in mice and humans. Adipose-specific GPS2 deficiency predisposes for adipocyte hypertrophy Loss of GPS2 triggers transcriptional activation of HIF1A pathways Deregulation of GPS2-HIF1A interplay provokes disrupted mitochondrial activity GPS2 and HIF1A levels are negatively correlated in human adipose tissue
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Drareni
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Raphaëlle Ballaire
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France; Inovarion, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Serena Barilla
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mano J Mathew
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Amine Toubal
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Rongrong Fan
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ning Liang
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Catherine Chollet
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Maria Kondili
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Foufelle
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Soprani
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France; Clinique Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Ramsey General de Santé, Paris, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France; Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, DHU FIRE, Bichat Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Gautier
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Lariboisière Hospital, Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France; Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Fawaz Alzaid
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
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15
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Zhang X, Zhang CC, Yang H, Soni KG, Wang SP, Mitchell GA, Wu JW. An Epistatic Interaction between Pnpla2 and Lipe Reveals New Pathways of Adipose Tissue Lipolysis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050395. [PMID: 31035700 PMCID: PMC6563012 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) lipolysis contributes to energy balance during fasting. Lipolysis can proceed by the sequential hydrolysis of triglycerides (TGs) by adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), then of diacylglycerols (DGs) by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). We showed that the combined genetic deficiency of ATGL and HSL in mouse adipose tissue produces a striking different phenotype from that of isolated ATGL deficiency, inconsistent with the linear model of lipolysis. We hypothesized that the mechanism might be functional redundancy between ATGL and HSL. To test this, the TG hydrolase activity of HSL was measured in WAT. HSL showed TG hydrolase activity. Then, to test ATGL for activity towards DGs, radiolabeled DGs were incubated with HSL-deficient lipid droplet fractions. The content of TG increased, suggesting DG-to-TG synthesis rather than DG hydrolysis. TG synthesis was abolished by a specific ATGL inhibitor, suggesting that ATGL functions as a transacylase when HSL is deficient, transferring an acyl group from one DG to another, forming a TG plus a monoglyceride (MG) that could be hydrolyzed by monoglyceride lipase. These results reveal a previously unknown physiological redundancy between ATGL and HSL, a mechanism for the epistatic interaction between Pnpla2 and Lipe. It provides an alternative lipolytic pathway, potentially important in patients with deficient lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Cong Cong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal and CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
| | - Krishnakant G Soni
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Shu Pei Wang
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal and CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
| | - Grant A Mitchell
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal and CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
| | - Jiang Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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16
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González-Granillo M, Savva C, Li X, Fitch M, Pedrelli M, Hellerstein M, Parini P, Korach-André M, Gustafsson JÅ. ERβ activation in obesity improves whole body metabolism via adipose tissue function and enhanced mitochondria biogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 479:147-158. [PMID: 30342056 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Estrogens play a key role in the distribution of adipose tissue and have their action by binding to both estrogen receptors (ER), α and β. Although ERβ has a role in the energy metabolism, limited data of the physiological mechanism and metabolic response involved in the pharmacological activation of ERβ is available. METHODS For clinical relevance, non-ovariectomized female mice were subjected to high fat diet together with pharmacological (DIP - 4-(2-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl)phenol) interventions to ERβ selective activation. The physiological mechanism was assessed in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, and oral glucose and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test before and after DIP treatment. Liver and adipose tissue metabolic response was measured in HFD + vehicle and HFD + DIP by stable isotope, RNA sequencing and protein content. RESULTS HFD-fed females treated with DIP had a tissue-specific response towards ERβ selective activation. The metabolic profile showed an improved fasting glucose level, insulin sensitivity and reduced liver steatosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that selective activation of ERβ exerts a tissue-specific activity which promotes a beneficial effect on whole body metabolic response to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela González-Granillo
- Department of Medicine, Metabolism Unit and KI/AZ Integrated CardioMetabolic Center (ICMC), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Christina Savva
- Department of Medicine, Metabolism Unit and KI/AZ Integrated CardioMetabolic Center (ICMC), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Xidan Li
- Department of Medicine, Metabolism Unit and KI/AZ Integrated CardioMetabolic Center (ICMC), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark Fitch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Matteo Pedrelli
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Marc Hellerstein
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Paolo Parini
- Department of Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Marion Korach-André
- Department of Medicine, Metabolism Unit and KI/AZ Integrated CardioMetabolic Center (ICMC), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signalling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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17
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Lima TI, Valentim RR, Araújo HN, Oliveira AG, Favero BC, Menezes ES, Araújo R, Silveira LR. Role of NCoR1 in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:734-741. [PMID: 29660213 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial number and shape are constantly changing in response to increased energy demands. The ability to synchronize mitochondrial pathways to respond to energy fluctuations within the cell is a central aspect of mammalian homeostasis. This dynamic process depends on the coordinated activation of transcriptional complexes to promote the expression of genes encoding for mitochondrial proteins. Recent evidence has shown that the nuclear corepressor NCoR1 is an essential metabolic switch which acts on oxidative metabolism signaling. Here, we provide an overview of the emerging role of NCoR1 in the transcriptional control of energy metabolism. The identification and characterization of NCoR1 as a central, evolutionary conserved player in mitochondrial function have revealed a novel layer of metabolic control. Defining the precise mechanisms by which NCoR1 acts on energy homeostasis will ultimately contribute towards the development of novel therapies for the treatment of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanes I Lima
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (Ribeirão Preto Campus), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael R Valentim
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hygor N Araújo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André G Oliveira
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca C Favero
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eveline S Menezes
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Araújo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R Silveira
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Abstract
Adipose tissue represents a critical component in healthy energy homeostasis. It fulfills important roles in whole-body lipid handling, serves as the body's major energy storage compartment and insulation barrier, and secretes numerous endocrine mediators such as adipokines or lipokines. As a consequence, dysfunction of these processes in adipose tissue compartments is tightly linked to severe metabolic disorders, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, lipodystrophy, and cachexia. While numerous studies have addressed causes and consequences of obesity-related adipose tissue hypertrophy and hyperplasia for health, critical pathways and mechanisms in (involuntary) adipose tissue loss as well as its systemic metabolic consequences are far less understood. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of conditions of adipose tissue wasting and review microenvironmental determinants of adipocyte (dys)function in related pathophysiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Vegiopoulos
- Junior Group Metabolism and Stem Cell Plasticity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Rohm
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program Inner Medicine I, Neuherberg, Germany
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19
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Kaltenecker D, Mueller KM, Benedikt P, Feiler U, Themanns M, Schlederer M, Kenner L, Schweiger M, Haemmerle G, Moriggl R. Adipocyte STAT5 deficiency promotes adiposity and impairs lipid mobilisation in mice. Diabetologia 2017; 60:296-305. [PMID: 27858140 PMCID: PMC6518368 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Dysfunction of lipid metabolism in white adipose tissue can substantially interfere with health and quality of life, for example in obesity and associated metabolic diseases. Therefore, it is important to characterise pathways that regulate lipid handling in adipocytes and determine how they affect metabolic homeostasis. Components of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway are involved in adipocyte physiology and pathophysiology. However, the exact physiological importance of the STAT family member STAT5 in white adipose tissue is yet to be determined. Here, we aimed to delineate adipocyte STAT5 functions in the context of lipid metabolism in white adipose tissue. METHODS We generated an adipocyte specific knockout of Stat5 in mice using the Adipoq-Cre recombinase transgene followed by in vivo and in vitro biochemical and molecular studies. RESULTS Adipocyte-specific deletion of Stat5 resulted in increased adiposity, while insulin resistance and gluconeogenic capacity was decreased, indicating that glucose metabolism can be improved by interfering with adipose STAT5 function. Basal lipolysis and fasting-induced lipid mobilisation were diminished upon STAT5 deficiency, which coincided with reduced levels of the rate-limiting lipase of triacylglycerol hydrolysis, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL, encoded by Pnpla2) and its coactivator comparative gene identification 58 (CGI-58). In a mechanistic analysis, we identified a functional STAT5 response element within the Pnpla2 promoter, indicating that Pnpla2 is transcriptionally regulated by STAT5. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings reveal an essential role for STAT5 in maintaining lipid homeostasis in white adipose tissue and provide a rationale for future studies into the potential of STAT5 manipulation to improve outcomes in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Kaltenecker
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina M Mueller
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pia Benedikt
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ursula Feiler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Madeleine Themanns
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Schlederer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Unit of Pathology of Laboratory Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Schweiger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Guenter Haemmerle
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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20
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Cederquist CT, Lentucci C, Martinez-Calejman C, Hayashi V, Orofino J, Guertin D, Fried SK, Lee MJ, Cardamone MD, Perissi V. Systemic insulin sensitivity is regulated by GPS2 inhibition of AKT ubiquitination and activation in adipose tissue. Mol Metab 2016; 6:125-137. [PMID: 28123943 PMCID: PMC5220281 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Insulin signaling plays a unique role in the regulation of energy homeostasis and the impairment of insulin action is associated with altered lipid metabolism, obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. The main aim of this study was to provide further insight into the regulatory mechanisms governing the insulin signaling pathway by investigating the role of non-proteolytic ubiquitination in insulin-mediated activation of AKT. Methods The molecular mechanism of AKT regulation through ubiquitination is first dissected in vitro in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and then validated in vivo using mice with adipo-specific deletion of GPS2, an endogenous inhibitor of Ubc13 activity (GPS2-AKO mice). Results Our results indicate that K63 ubiquitination is a critical component of AKT activation in the insulin signaling pathway and that counter-regulation of this step is provided by GPS2 preventing AKT ubiquitination through inhibition of Ubc13 enzymatic activity. Removal of this negative checkpoint, through GPS2 downregulation or genetic deletion, results in sustained activation of insulin signaling both in vitro and in vivo. As a result, the balance between lipid accumulation and utilization is shifted toward storage in the adipose tissue and GPS2-AKO mice become obese under normal laboratory chow diet. However, the adipose tissue of GPS2-AKO mice is not inflamed, the levels of circulating adiponectin are elevated, and systemic insulin sensitivity is overall improved. Conclusions Our findings characterize a novel layer of regulation of the insulin signaling pathway based on non-proteolytic ubiquitination of AKT and define GPS2 as a previously unrecognized component of the insulin signaling cascade. In accordance with this role, we have shown that GPS2 presence in adipocytes modulates systemic metabolism by restricting the activation of insulin signaling during the fasted state, whereas in absence of GPS2, the adipose tissue is more efficient at lipid storage, and obesity becomes uncoupled from inflammation and insulin resistance. Ubc13-mediated ubiquitination of AKT is required for activation of the insulin signaling pathway. GPS2 regulates insulin signaling by inhibiting AKT ubiquitination and activation. Adipo-specific deletion of GPS2 results in increased adiposity and altered lipid flux in the adipocytes. GPS2-AKO mice have higher levels of circulating adiponectin and are insulin sensitive despite being obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly T Cederquist
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Claudia Lentucci
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Camila Martinez-Calejman
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation St, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Vanessa Hayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Joseph Orofino
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - David Guertin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation St, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Susan K Fried
- Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustav Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mi-Jeong Lee
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - M Dafne Cardamone
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Valentina Perissi
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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21
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Rohm M, Schäfer M, Laurent V, Üstünel BE, Niopek K, Algire C, Hautzinger O, Sijmonsma TP, Zota A, Medrikova D, Pellegata NS, Ryden M, Kulyte A, Dahlman I, Arner P, Petrovic N, Cannon B, Amri EZ, Kemp BE, Steinberg GR, Janovska P, Kopecky J, Wolfrum C, Blüher M, Berriel Diaz M, Herzig S. An AMP-activated protein kinase-stabilizing peptide ameliorates adipose tissue wasting in cancer cachexia in mice. Nat Med 2016; 22:1120-1130. [PMID: 27571348 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cachexia represents a fatal energy-wasting syndrome in a large number of patients with cancer that mostly results in a pathological loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Here we show that tumor cell exposure and tumor growth in mice triggered a futile energy-wasting cycle in cultured white adipocytes and white adipose tissue (WAT), respectively. Although uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1)-dependent thermogenesis was dispensable for tumor-induced body wasting, WAT from cachectic mice and tumor-cell-supernatant-treated adipocytes were consistently characterized by the simultaneous induction of both lipolytic and lipogenic pathways. Paradoxically, this was accompanied by an inactivated AMP-activated protein kinase (Ampk), which is normally activated in peripheral tissues during states of low cellular energy. Ampk inactivation correlated with its degradation and with upregulation of the Ampk-interacting protein Cidea. Therefore, we developed an Ampk-stabilizing peptide, ACIP, which was able to ameliorate WAT wasting in vitro and in vivo by shielding the Cidea-targeted interaction surface on Ampk. Thus, our data establish the Ucp1-independent remodeling of adipocyte lipid homeostasis as a key event in tumor-induced WAT wasting, and we propose the ACIP-dependent preservation of Ampk integrity in the WAT as a concept in future therapies for cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rohm
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schäfer
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Victor Laurent
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bilgen Ekim Üstünel
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Niopek
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carolyn Algire
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oksana Hautzinger
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tjeerd P Sijmonsma
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika Zota
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dasa Medrikova
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natalia S Pellegata
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mikael Ryden
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agné Kulyte
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Dahlman
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ez-Zoubir Amri
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nice, France
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health, Research Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Petra Janovska
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mauricio Berriel Diaz
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
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22
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Stoy C, Sundaram A, Rios Garcia M, Wang X, Seibert O, Zota A, Wendler S, Männle D, Hinz U, Sticht C, Muciek M, Gretz N, Rose AJ, Greiner V, Hofmann TG, Bauer A, Hoheisel J, Berriel Diaz M, Gaida MM, Werner J, Schafmeier T, Strobel O, Herzig S. Transcriptional co-factor Transducin beta-like (TBL) 1 acts as a checkpoint in pancreatic cancer malignancy. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 7:1048-62. [PMID: 26070712 PMCID: PMC4551343 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201404837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer fatalities in Western societies, characterized by high metastatic potential and resistance to chemotherapy. Critical molecular mechanisms of these phenotypical features still remain unknown, thus hampering the development of effective prognostic and therapeutic measures in PDAC. Here, we show that transcriptional co-factor Transducin beta-like (TBL) 1 was over-expressed in both human and murine PDAC. Inactivation of TBL1 in human and mouse pancreatic cancer cells reduced cellular proliferation and invasiveness, correlating with diminished glucose uptake, glycolytic flux, and oncogenic PI3 kinase signaling which in turn could rescue TBL1 deficiency-dependent phenotypes. TBL1 deficiency both prevented and reversed pancreatic tumor growth, mediated transcriptional PI3 kinase inhibition, and increased chemosensitivity of PDAC cells in vivo. As TBL1 mRNA levels were also found to correlate with PI3 kinase levels and overall survival in a cohort of human PDAC patients, TBL1 was identified as a checkpoint in the malignant behavior of pancreatic cancer and its expression may serve as a novel molecular target in the treatment of human PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stoy
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aishwarya Sundaram
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcos Rios Garcia
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oksana Seibert
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika Zota
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC Helmholtz Center Munich and Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susann Wendler
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Männle
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulf Hinz
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Medical Research Center, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maria Muciek
- Medical Research Center, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Research Center, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Adam J Rose
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vera Greiner
- Research Group Cellular Senescence, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas G Hofmann
- Research Group Cellular Senescence, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Bauer
- Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Hoheisel
- Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mauricio Berriel Diaz
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC Helmholtz Center Munich and Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias M Gaida
- Institute of Pathology Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Schafmeier
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC Helmholtz Center Munich and Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Strobel
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC Helmholtz Center Munich and Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Neuherberg, Germany
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23
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TUSC5 regulates insulin-mediated adipose tissue glucose uptake by modulation of GLUT4 recycling. Mol Metab 2015; 4:795-810. [PMID: 26629404 PMCID: PMC4632119 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Failure to properly dispose of glucose in response to insulin is a serious health problem, occurring during obesity and is associated with type 2 diabetes development. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is facilitated by the translocation and plasma membrane fusion of vesicles containing glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), the rate-limiting step of post-prandial glucose disposal. Methods We analyzed the role of Tusc5 in the regulation of insulin-stimulated Glut4-mediated glucose uptake in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we measured Tusc5 expression in two patient cohorts. Results Herein, we report that TUSC5 controls insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes, in vitro and in vivo. TUSC5 facilitates the proper recycling of GLUT4 and other key trafficking proteins during prolonged insulin stimulation, thereby enabling proper protein localization and complete vesicle formation, processes that ultimately enable insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Tusc5 knockout mice exhibit impaired glucose disposal and TUSC5 expression is predictive of glucose tolerance in obese individuals, independent of body weight. Furthermore, we show that TUSC5 is a PPARγ target and in its absence the anti-diabetic effects of TZDs are significantly blunted. Conclusions Collectively, these findings establish TUSC5 as an adipose tissue-specific protein that enables proper protein recycling, linking the ubiquitous vesicle traffic machinery with tissue-specific insulin-mediated glucose uptake into adipose tissue and the maintenance of a healthy metabolic phenotype in mice and humans. Tusc5 regulates glucose uptake in adipose tissue by modulating the GSV recycling machinery. Tusc5 knockout mice develop insulin resistance due to impaired adipose tissue glucose uptake. Rosiglitazone improves glucose homeostasis in part through the induction of Tusc5. Tusc5 is a novel adipose specific adaptor protein linking Glut4 trafficking to the ubiquitous machinery.
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24
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Huang J, Cardamone MD, Johnson HE, Neault M, Chan M, Floyd ZE, Mallette FA, Perissi V. Exchange Factor TBL1 and Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT6 Cooperate in Protecting G Protein Pathway Suppressor 2 (GPS2) from Proteasomal Degradation. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:19044-54. [PMID: 26070566 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.637660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2) is a multifunctional protein involved in the regulation of a number of metabolic organs. First identified as part of the NCoR-SMRT corepressor complex, GPS2 is known to play an important role in the nucleus in the regulation of gene transcription and meiotic recombination. In addition, we recently reported a non-transcriptional role of GPS2 as an inhibitor of the proinflammatory TNFα pathway in the cytosol. Although this suggests that the control of GPS2 localization may be an important determinant of its molecular functions, a clear understanding of GPS2 differential targeting to specific cellular locations is still lacking. Here we show that a fine balance between protein stabilization and degradation tightly regulates GPS2 nuclear function. Our findings indicate that GPS2 is degraded upon polyubiquitination by the E3 ubiquitin ligase Siah2. Unexpectedly, interaction with the exchange factor TBL1 is required to protect GPS2 from degradation, with methylation of GPS2 by arginine methyltransferase PRMT6 regulating the interaction with TBL1 and inhibiting proteasome-dependent degradation. Overall, our findings indicate that regulation of GPS2 by posttranslational modifications provides an effective strategy for modulating its molecular function within the nuclear compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Huang
- From the Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - M Dafne Cardamone
- From the Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Holly E Johnson
- From the Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Mathieu Neault
- the Chromatin Structure and Cellular Senescence Research Unit, Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Michelle Chan
- From the Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Z Elizabeth Floyd
- the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, and
| | - Frédérick A Mallette
- the Chromatin Structure and Cellular Senescence Research Unit, Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada, the Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Valentina Perissi
- From the Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118,
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25
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Mayoral R, Osborn O, McNelis J, Johnson AM, Oh DY, Izquierdo CL, Chung H, Li P, Traves PG, Bandyopadhyay G, Pessentheiner AR, Ofrecio JM, Cook JR, Qiang L, Accili D, Olefsky JM. Adipocyte SIRT1 knockout promotes PPARγ activity, adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in chronic-HFD and obesity. Mol Metab 2015; 4:378-91. [PMID: 25973386 PMCID: PMC4421024 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue is the primary site for lipid deposition that protects the organisms in cases of nutrient excess during obesogenic diets. The histone deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) inhibits adipocyte differentiation by targeting the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator activated-receptor gamma (PPARγ). METHODS To assess the specific role of SIRT1 in adipocytes, we generated Sirt1 adipocyte-specific knockout mice (ATKO) driven by aP2 promoter onto C57BL/6 background. Sirt1 (flx/flx) aP2Cre (+) (ATKO) and Sirt1 (flx/flx) aP2Cre (-) (WT) mice were fed high-fat diet for 5 weeks (short-term) or 15 weeks (chronic-term). Metabolic studies were combined with gene expression analysis and phosphorylation/acetylation patterns in adipose tissue. RESULTS On standard chow, ATKO mice exhibit low-grade chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, along with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance compared with control fed mice. On short-term HFD, ATKO mice become more glucose intolerant, hyperinsulinemic, insulin resistant and display increased inflammation. During chronic HFD, WT mice developed a metabolic dysfunction, higher than ATKO mice, and thereby, knockout mice are more glucose tolerant, insulin sensitive and less inflamed relative to control mice. SIRT1 attenuates adipogenesis through PPARγ repressive acetylation and, in the ATKO mice adipocyte PPARγ was hyperacetylated. This high acetylation was associated with a decrease in Ser273-PPARγ phosphorylation. Dephosphorylated PPARγ is constitutively active and results in higher expression of genes associated with increased insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSION Together, these data establish that SIRT1 downregulation in adipose tissue plays a previously unknown role in long-term inflammation resolution mediated by PPARγ activation. Therefore, in the context of obesity, the development of new therapeutics that activate PPARγ by targeting SIRT1 may provide novel approaches to the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Mayoral
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; Networked Biomedical Research Center, Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, ISC-III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivia Osborn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joanne McNelis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew M Johnson
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Da Young Oh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Cristina Llorente Izquierdo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Heekyung Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pingping Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Paqui G Traves
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gautam Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Jachelle M Ofrecio
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joshua R Cook
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Li Qiang
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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26
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Medrikova D, Sijmonsma TP, Sowodniok K, Richards DM, Delacher M, Sticht C, Gretz N, Schafmeier T, Feuerer M, Herzig S. Brown adipose tissue harbors a distinct sub-population of regulatory T cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118534. [PMID: 25714366 PMCID: PMC4340926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are critical determinants of both immune responses and metabolic control. Here we show that systemic ablation of Treg cells compromised the adaptation of whole-body energy expenditure to cold exposure, correlating with impairment in thermogenic marker gene expression and massive invasion of pro-inflammatory macrophages in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Indeed, BAT harbored a unique sub-set of Treg cells characterized by a unique gene signature. As these Treg cells respond to BAT activation upon cold exposure, this study defines a BAT-specific Treg sub-set with direct implications for the regulation of energy homeostasis in response to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasa Medrikova
- Joint Research Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tjeerd P. Sijmonsma
- Joint Research Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Sowodniok
- Joint Research Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David M. Richards
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Research Group Immune Tolerance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Delacher
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Research Group Immune Tolerance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Center for Medical Research, University Clinics Mannheim, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Center for Medical Research, University Clinics Mannheim, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Schafmeier
- Joint Research Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, and Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Feuerer
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Research Group Immune Tolerance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Joint Research Division Molecular Metabolic Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, and Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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27
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de Guia RM, Rose AJ, Sommerfeld A, Seibert O, Strzoda D, Zota A, Feuchter Y, Krones-Herzig A, Sijmonsma T, Kirilov M, Sticht C, Gretz N, Dallinga-Thie G, Diederichs S, Klöting N, Blüher M, Berriel Diaz M, Herzig S. microRNA-379 couples glucocorticoid hormones to dysfunctional lipid homeostasis. EMBO J 2014; 34:344-60. [PMID: 25510864 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201490464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, glucocorticoids (GCs) and their intracellular receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), represent critical checkpoints in the endocrine control of energy homeostasis. Indeed, aberrant GC action is linked to severe metabolic stress conditions as seen in Cushing's syndrome, GC therapy and certain components of the Metabolic Syndrome, including obesity and insulin resistance. Here, we identify the hepatic induction of the mammalian conserved microRNA (miR)-379/410 genomic cluster as a key component of GC/GR-driven metabolic dysfunction. Particularly, miR-379 was up-regulated in mouse models of hyperglucocorticoidemia and obesity as well as human liver in a GC/GR-dependent manner. Hepatocyte-specific silencing of miR-379 substantially reduced circulating very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-associated triglyceride (TG) levels in healthy mice and normalized aberrant lipid profiles in metabolically challenged animals, mediated through miR-379 effects on key receptors in hepatic TG re-uptake. As hepatic miR-379 levels were also correlated with GC and TG levels in human obese patients, the identification of a GC/GR-controlled miRNA cluster not only defines a novel layer of hormone-dependent metabolic control but also paves the way to alternative miRNA-based therapeutic approaches in metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roldan M de Guia
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adam J Rose
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anke Sommerfeld
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oksana Seibert
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Strzoda
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika Zota
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Feuchter
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Krones-Herzig
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tjeerd Sijmonsma
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Milen Kirilov
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Medical Research Center, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Research Center, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Sven Diederichs
- Helmholtz-University-Group Molecular RNA Biology and Cancer DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany Institute of Pathology Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nora Klöting
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mauricio Berriel Diaz
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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28
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Park J, Yoon YS, Han HS, Kim YH, Ogawa Y, Park KG, Lee CH, Kim ST, Koo SH. SIK2 is critical in the regulation of lipid homeostasis and adipogenesis in vivo. Diabetes 2014; 63:3659-73. [PMID: 24898145 DOI: 10.2337/db13-1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic AMP promotes chronic expression of target genes mainly by protein kinase A-dependent activation of CREB transcription factor machineries in the metabolic tissues. Here, we wanted to elaborate whether CREB-regulated transcription factor (CRTC)2 and its negative regulator salt-inducible kinase (SIK)2 are involved in the transcriptional control of the metabolic pathway in adipocytes. SIK2 knockout (SIK2 KO) mice exhibited higher blood glucose levels that were associated with impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. Hypertriglyceridemia was apparent in SIK2 KO mice, mainly due to the increased lipolysis from white adipocytes and the decreased fatty acid uptake in the peripheral tissues. Investigation of white adipocytes revealed the increases in fat cell size and macrophage infiltration, which could be linked to the metabolic anomaly that is associated in these mice. Interestingly, SIK2 KO promoted the enhancement in the CRTC2-CREB transcriptional pathway in white adipocytes. SIK2 KO mice displayed increased expression of activating transcription factor (ATF)3 and subsequent downregulation of GLUT4 expression and reduction in high-molecular weight adiponectin levels in the plasma, leading to the reduced glucose uptake in the muscle and white adipocytes. The effect of SIK2-dependent regulation of adipocyte metabolism was further confirmed by in vitro cell cultures of 3T3 L1 adipocytes and the differentiated preadipocytes from the SIK2 or CRTC2 KO mice. Collectively, these data suggest that SIK2 is critical in regulating whole-body glucose metabolism primarily by controlling the CRTC2-CREB function of the white adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Young-Sil Yoon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong-Tae Kim
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seung-Hoi Koo
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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29
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Mössenböck K, Vegiopoulos A, Rose AJ, Sijmonsma TP, Herzig S, Schafmeier T. Browning of white adipose tissue uncouples glucose uptake from insulin signaling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110428. [PMID: 25313899 PMCID: PMC4197027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Presence of thermogenically active adipose tissue in adult humans has been inversely associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. While it had been shown that insulin is crucial for the development of classical brown fat, its role in development and function of inducible brown-in-white (brite) adipose tissue is less clear. Here we show that insulin deficiency impaired differentiation of brite adipocytes. However, adrenergic stimulation almost fully induced the thermogenic program under these settings. Although brite differentiation of adipocytes as well as browning of white adipose tissue entailed substantially elevated glucose uptake by adipose tissue, the capacity of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake surprisingly was not higher in the brite state. Notably, in line with the insulin-independent stimulation of glucose uptake, our data revealed that brite recruitment results in induction of solute carrier family 2 (GLUT-1) expression in adipocytes and inguinal WAT. These results for the first time demonstrate that insulin signaling is neither essential for brite recruitment, nor is it improved in cells or tissues upon browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Mössenböck
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandros Vegiopoulos
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Junior research group Metabolism and Stem Cell Plasticity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adam J. Rose
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tjeerd P. Sijmonsma
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Tobias Schafmeier
- Joint Division Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Network Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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30
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Cardamone MD, Tanasa B, Chan M, Cederquist CT, Andricovich J, Rosenfeld MG, Perissi V. GPS2/KDM4A pioneering activity regulates promoter-specific recruitment of PPARγ. Cell Rep 2014; 8:163-76. [PMID: 24953653 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Timely and selective recruitment of transcription factors to their appropriate DNA-binding sites represents a critical step in regulating gene activation; however, the regulatory strategies underlying each factor's effective recruitment to specific promoter and/or enhancer regions are not fully understood. Here, we identify an unexpected regulatory mechanism by which promoter-specific binding, and therefore function, of peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor γ (PPARγ) in adipocytes requires G protein suppressor 2 (GPS2) to prime the local chromatin environment via inhibition of the ubiquitin ligase RNF8 and stabilization of the H3K9 histone demethylase KDM4A/JMJD2. Integration of genome-wide profiling data indicates that the pioneering activity of GPS2/KDM4A is required for PPARγ-mediated regulation of a specific transcriptional program, including the lipolytic enzymes adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). Hence, our findings reveal that GPS2 exerts a biologically important function in adipose tissue lipid mobilization by directly regulating ubiquitin signaling and indirectly modulating chromatin remodeling to prime selected genes for activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dafne Cardamone
- Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Bogdan Tanasa
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michelle Chan
- Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Carly T Cederquist
- Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jaclyn Andricovich
- Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael G Rosenfeld
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Valentina Perissi
- Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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31
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Lee YS, Kim JW, Osborne O, Oh DY, Sasik R, Schenk S, Chen A, Chung H, Murphy A, Watkins SM, Quehenberger O, Johnson RS, Olefsky JM. Increased adipocyte O2 consumption triggers HIF-1α, causing inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. Cell 2014; 157:1339-1352. [PMID: 24906151 PMCID: PMC4114226 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 390] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue hypoxia and inflammation have been causally implicated in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Here, we report that, early in the course of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and obesity, adipocyte respiration becomes uncoupled, leading to increased oxygen consumption and a state of relative adipocyte hypoxia. These events are sufficient to trigger HIF-1α induction, setting off the chronic adipose tissue inflammatory response characteristic of obesity. At the molecular level, these events involve saturated fatty acid stimulation of the adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2), an inner mitochondrial membrane protein, which leads to the uncoupled respiratory state. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of either ANT2 or HIF-1α can prevent or reverse these pathophysiologic events, restoring a state of insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. These results reveal the sequential series of events in obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sok Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jung-Whan Kim
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Olivia Osborne
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Da Young Oh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Roman Sasik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ai Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Heekyung Chung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anne Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Oswald Quehenberger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Randall S Johnson
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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32
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Wang QA, Scherer PE, Gupta RK. Improved methodologies for the study of adipose biology: insights gained and opportunities ahead. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:605-24. [PMID: 24532650 PMCID: PMC3966696 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r046441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation and function have become areas of intense focus in the field of energy metabolism; however, understanding the role of specific genes in the establishment and maintenance of fat cell function can be challenging and complex. In this review, we offer practical guidelines for the study of adipocyte development and function. We discuss improved cellular and genetic systems for the study of adipose biology and highlight recent insights gained from these new approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong A. Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75287
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75287
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75287
| | - Rana K. Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75287
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33
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Birkenfeld AL, Shulman GI. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Hepatology 2014; 59:713-23. [PMID: 23929732 PMCID: PMC3946772 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatic insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes are all strongly associated and are all reaching epidemic proportions. Whether there is a causal link between NAFLD and hepatic insulin resistance is controversial. This review will discuss recent studies in both humans and animal models of NAFLD that have implicated increases in hepatic diacylglycerol (DAG) content leading to activation of novel protein kinase Cϵ (PKCϵ) resulting in decreased insulin signaling in the pathogenesis of NAFLD-associated hepatic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The DAG-PKCϵ hypothesis can explain the occurrence of hepatic insulin resistance observed in most cases of NAFLD associated with obesity, lipodystrophy, and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas L. Birkenfeld
- Charité - University School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and Nutrition, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gerald I. Shulman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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34
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Kiskinis E, Chatzeli L, Curry E, Kaforou M, Frontini A, Cinti S, Montana G, Parker MG, Christian M. RIP140 represses the "brown-in-white" adipocyte program including a futile cycle of triacylglycerol breakdown and synthesis. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:344-56. [PMID: 24479876 PMCID: PMC4207910 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) is a corepressor of nuclear receptors that is highly expressed in adipose tissues. We investigated the role of RIP140 in conditionally immortal preadipocyte cell lines prepared from white or brown fat depots. In white adipocytes, a large set of brown fat-associated genes was up-regulated in the absence of RIP140. In contrast, a relatively minor role can be ascribed to RIP140 in the control of basal gene expression in differentiated brown adipocytes because significant changes were observed only in Ptgds and Fabp3. The minor role of RIP140 in brown adipocytes correlates with the similar histology and uncoupling protein 1 and CIDEA staining in knockout compared with wild-type brown adipose tissue (BAT). In contrast, RIP140 knockout sc white adipose tissue (WAT) shows increased numbers of multilocular adipocytes with elevated staining for uncoupling protein 1 and CIDEA. Furthermore in a white adipocyte cell line, the markers of BRITE adipocytes, Tbx1, CD137, Tmem26, Cited1, and Epsti1 were repressed in the presence of RIP140 as was Prdm16. Microarray analysis of wild-type and RIP140-knockout white fat revealed elevated expression of genes associated with cold-induced expression or high expression in BAT. A set of genes associated with a futile cycle of triacylglycerol breakdown and resynthesis and functional assays revealed that glycerol kinase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity as well as [3H]glycerol incorporation were elevated in the absence of RIP140. Thus, RIP140 blocks the BRITE program in WAT, preventing the expression of brown fat genes and inhibiting a triacylglycerol futile cycle, with important implications for energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Kiskinis
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (E.K.), Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (L.C., E.C., M.G.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom; Department of Mathematics (M.K., G.M.), Statistics Section, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine (A.F., S.C.), University of Ancona, (Politecnica delle Marche), 60126 Ancona, Italy; Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health (M.C.), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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35
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Toubal A, Treuter E, Clément K, Venteclef N. Genomic and epigenomic regulation of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2013; 24:625-34. [PMID: 24169451 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation of adipose tissue is viewed as a hallmark of obesity and contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. According to current models, nutrient excess causes metabolic and structural changes in adipocytes, which initiate transcriptional programs leading to the expression of inflammatory molecules and the subsequent recruitment of immune cells. Recent advances in deciphering the underlying mechanisms revealed that key regulatory events occur at the genomic and epigenomic levels. Here we review these advances because they offer a better understanding of the mechanisms behind the complex obesogenic program in adipose tissue, and because they may help in defining new therapeutic strategies that prevent, restrict, and resolve inflammation in the context of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Toubal
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris 75013, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 872, Team 7 Nutriomique, Paris 75006, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Cordeliers Research Center, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S872, Paris75006, France
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36
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Immune cells and metabolic dysfunction. Semin Immunopathol 2013; 36:13-25. [PMID: 24212254 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-013-0403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Throughout evolution, effective nutrient sensing and control of systemic energy homeostasis have relied on a close physical and functional interaction between immune and metabolically active cells. However, in today's obesogenic environment, this fine-tuned immunometabolic interface is perturbed. As a consequence, chronic inflammatory conditions and aberrant activation of immune cells have emerged as key features of obesity-related metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, cardiovascular complications, and type 2 diabetes, whereas a major research focus has been placed on the adipocyte-macrophage interaction in the context of metabolic dysfunction; recent studies have not only expanded the scope of relevant immune cells in this setting but also highlight the impact of distinct metabolic organs, including the liver, on immunometabolic control, metabolic disease development, and potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic options in obesity-driven pathologies. This review will thus summarize recent progress in this emerging area of metabolic research.
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