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Song R, Zhang L. MicroRNAs and therapeutic potentials in acute and chronic cardiac disease. Drug Discov Today 2024:104179. [PMID: 39276921 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs implicated in various cardiac disorders. In this review, the role of miRNAs is discussed in relation to acute myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure. In both settings, miRNAs are altered, contributing to injury and adverse remodeling. Notably, miRNA profiles differ between acute ischemic injury and progressive heart failure. Owing to miRNA variabilities between disease stages and delivery difficulties, translation of animal studies to the clinic remains challenging. The identification of distinct miRNA signatures could lead to the development of miRNA therapies tailored to different disease stages. Here, we summarize the current understanding of miRNAs in acute and chronic cardiac diseases, identify knowledge gaps and discuss progress in developing miRNA-based treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Song
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
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2
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Kumar A, Choudhary A, Munshi A. Epigenetic reprogramming of mtDNA and its etiology in mitochondrial diseases. J Physiol Biochem 2024:10.1007/s13105-024-01032-z. [PMID: 38865050 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial functionality and its regulation are tightly controlled through a balanced crosstalk between the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA interactions. Epigenetic signatures like methylation, hydroxymethylation and miRNAs have been reported in mitochondria. In addition, epigenetic signatures encoded by nuclear DNA are also imported to mitochondria and regulate the gene expression dynamics of the mitochondrial genome. Alteration in the interplay of these epigenetic modifications results in the pathogenesis of various disorders like neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic disorders, cancer, aging and senescence. These modifications result in higher ROS production, increased mitochondrial copy number and disruption in the replication process. In addition, various miRNAs are associated with regulating and expressing important mitochondrial gene families like COX, OXPHOS, ND and DNMT. Epigenetic changes are reversible and therefore therapeutic interventions like changing the target modifications can be utilized to repair or prevent mitochondrial insufficiency by reversing the changed gene expression. Identifying these mitochondrial-specific epigenetic signatures has the potential for early diagnosis and treatment responses for many diseases caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. In the present review, different mitoepigenetic modifications have been discussed in association with the development of various diseases by focusing on alteration in gene expression and dysregulation of specific signaling pathways. However, this area is still in its infancy and future research is warranted to draw better conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicines, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Anita Choudhary
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicines, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicines, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
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3
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Gao S, Dong Y, Yan C, Yu T, Cao H. The role of exosomes and exosomal microRNA in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1327495. [PMID: 38283742 PMCID: PMC10811149 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1327495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy, a formidable cardiovascular complication linked to diabetes, is witnessing a relentless surge in its incidence. Despite extensive research efforts, the primary pathogenic mechanisms underlying this condition remain elusive. Consequently, a critical research imperative lies in identifying a sensitive and dependable marker for early diagnosis and treatment, thereby mitigating the onset and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Exosomes (EXOs), minute vesicles enclosed within bilayer lipid membranes, have emerged as a fascinating frontier in this quest, capable of transporting a diverse cargo that mirrors the physiological and pathological states of their parent cells. These exosomes play an active role in the intercellular communication network of the cardiovascular system. Within the realm of exosomes, MicroRNA (miRNA) stands as a pivotal molecular player, revealing its profound influence on the progression of DCM. This comprehensive review aims to offer an introductory exploration of exosome structure and function, followed by a detailed examination of the intricate role played by exosome-associated miRNA in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Our ultimate objective is to bolster our comprehension of DCM diagnosis and treatment strategies, thereby facilitating timely intervention and improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hongbo Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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4
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Mathur P, Saxena S, Saxena B, Rani V. MicroRNAs Targeting Critical Molecular Pathways in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Emerging Valuable for Therapy. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2024; 22:298-307. [PMID: 38265401 DOI: 10.2174/0118715257265947231129074526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have emerged as an important regulator of post-transcriptional gene expression studied extensively in many cancers, fetal development, and cardiovascular diseases. Their endogenous nature and easy manipulation have made them potential diagnostic and therapeutic molecules. Diseases with complex pathophysiology such as Diabetic Cardiomyopathy display symptoms at a late stage when the risk of heart failure has become very high. Therefore, the utilization of microRNAs as a tool to study pathophysiology and device-sustainable treatments for DCM could be considered. The present review focuses on the mechanistic insights of diabetic cardiomyopathy and the potential role of microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Mathur
- Center for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector- 62, Noida, 201307, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sharad Saxena
- Center for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector- 62, Noida, 201307, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhawna Saxena
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering and Information Technology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida, 201307, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vibha Rani
- Center for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector- 62, Noida, 201307, Uttar Pradesh, India
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5
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Geiger M, Gorica E, Mohammed SA, Mongelli A, Mengozi A, Delfine V, Ruschitzka F, Costantino S, Paneni F. Epigenetic Network in Immunometabolic Disease. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300211. [PMID: 37794610 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Although a large amount of data consistently shows that genes affect immunometabolic characteristics and outcomes, epigenetic mechanisms are also heavily implicated. Epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA, determine gene activity by altering the accessibility of chromatin to transcription factors. Various factors influence these alterations, including genetics, lifestyle, and environmental cues. Moreover, acquired epigenetic signals can be transmitted across generations, thus contributing to early disease traits in the offspring. A closer investigation is critical in this aspect as it can help to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms further and gain insights into potential therapeutic targets for preventing and treating diseases arising from immuno-metabolic dysregulation. In this review, the role of chromatin alterations in the transcriptional modulation of genes involved in insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, macrophage polarization, endothelial dysfunction, metabolic cardiomyopathy, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is discussed. An overview of emerging chromatin-modifying drugs and the importance of the individual epigenetic profile for personalized therapeutic approaches in patients with immuno-metabolic disorders is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Geiger
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Era Gorica
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Shafeeq Ahmed Mohammed
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Mongelli
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Mengozi
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Delfine
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Zurich, 8952, Switzerland
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6
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Zalivina I, Barwari T, Yin X, Langley SR, Barallobre-Barreiro J, Wakimoto H, Zampetaki A, Mayr M, Avkiran M, Eminaga S. Inhibition of miR-199a-3p in a murine hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) model attenuates fibrotic remodeling. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY PLUS 2023; 6:100056. [PMID: 38143961 PMCID: PMC10739604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte disarray and fibrosis, which has a prevalence of ∼1: 200-500 and predisposes individuals to heart failure and sudden death. The mechanisms through which diverse HCM-causing mutations cause cardiac dysfunction remain mostly unknown and their identification may reveal new therapeutic avenues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression and disease phenotype in various pathologies. We explored whether miRNAs could play a role in HCM pathogenesis and offer potential therapeutic targets. Methods and results Using high-throughput miRNA expression profiling and qPCR analysis in two distinct mouse models of HCM, we found that miR-199a-3p expression levels are upregulated in mutant mice compared to age- and treatment-matched wild-type mice. We also found that miR-199a-3p expression is enriched in cardiac non-myocytes compared to cardiomyocytes. When we expressed miR-199a-3p mimic in cultured murine primary cardiac fibroblasts and analyzed the conditioned media by proteomics, we found that several extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (e.g., TSP2, FBLN3, COL11A1, LYOX) were differentially secreted (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD042904). We confirmed our proteomics findings by qPCR analysis of selected mRNAs and demonstrated that miR-199a-3p mimic expression in cardiac fibroblasts drives upregulation of ECM gene expression, including Tsp2, Fbln3, Pcoc1, Col1a1 and Col3a1. To examine the role of miR-199a-3p in vivo, we inhibited its function using lock-nucleic acid (LNA)-based inhibitors (antimiR-199a-3p) in an HCM mouse model. Our results revealed that progression of cardiac fibrosis is attenuated when miR-199a-3p function is inhibited in mild-to-moderate HCM. Finally, guided by computational target prediction algorithms, we identified mRNAs Cd151 and Itga3 as direct targets of miR-199a-3p and have shown that miR-199a-3p mimic expression negatively regulates AKT activation in cardiac fibroblasts. Conclusions Altogether, our results suggest that miR-199a-3p may contribute to cardiac fibrosis in HCM through its actions in cardiac fibroblasts. Thus, inhibition of miR-199a-3p in mild-to-moderate HCM may offer therapeutic benefit in combination with complementary approaches that target the primary defect in cardiac myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Zalivina
- King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Temo Barwari
- King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah R. Langley
- King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | | | - Hiroko Wakimoto
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna Zampetaki
- King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Metin Avkiran
- King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Seda Eminaga
- King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
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Wołowiec A, Wołowiec Ł, Grześk G, Jaśniak A, Osiak J, Husejko J, Kozakiewicz M. The Role of Selected Epigenetic Pathways in Cardiovascular Diseases as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13723. [PMID: 37762023 PMCID: PMC10531432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics is a rapidly developing science that has gained a lot of interest in recent years due to the correlation between characteristic epigenetic marks and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Epigenetic modifications contribute to a change in gene expression while maintaining the DNA sequence. The analysis of these modifications provides a thorough insight into the cardiovascular system from its development to its further functioning. Epigenetics is strongly influenced by environmental factors, including known cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and low physical activity. Similarly, conditions affecting the local microenvironment of cells, such as chronic inflammation, worsen the prognosis in cardiovascular diseases and additionally induce further epigenetic modifications leading to the consolidation of unfavorable cardiovascular changes. A deeper understanding of epigenetics may provide an answer to the continuing strong clinical impact of cardiovascular diseases by improving diagnostic capabilities, personalized medical approaches and the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. The aim of the study was to present selected epigenetic pathways, their significance in cardiovascular diseases, and their potential as a therapeutic target in specific medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wołowiec
- Department of Geriatrics, Division of Biochemistry and Biogerontology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Łukasz Wołowiec
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Grześk
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Albert Jaśniak
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Joanna Osiak
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Jakub Husejko
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kozakiewicz
- Department of Geriatrics, Division of Biochemistry and Biogerontology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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8
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Dimasi CG, Darby JRT, Morrison JL. A change of heart: understanding the mechanisms regulating cardiac proliferation and metabolism before and after birth. J Physiol 2023; 601:1319-1341. [PMID: 36872609 PMCID: PMC10952280 DOI: 10.1113/jp284137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cardiomyocytes undergo major maturational changes in preparation for birth and postnatal life. Immature cardiomyocytes contribute to cardiac growth via proliferation and thus the heart has the capacity to regenerate. To prepare for postnatal life, structural and metabolic changes associated with increased cardiac output and function must occur. This includes exit from the cell cycle, hypertrophic growth, mitochondrial maturation and sarcomeric protein isoform switching. However, these changes come at a price: the loss of cardiac regenerative capacity such that damage to the heart in postnatal life is permanent. This is a significant barrier to the development of new treatments for cardiac repair and contributes to heart failure. The transitional period of cardiomyocyte growth is a complex and multifaceted event. In this review, we focus on studies that have investigated this critical transition period as well as novel factors that may regulate and drive this process. We also discuss the potential use of new biomarkers for the detection of myocardial infarction and, in the broader sense, cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine G. Dimasi
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Jack R. T. Darby
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Janna L. Morrison
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia
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Zhou J, Tian G, Quan Y, Kong Q, Huang F, Li J, Wu W, Tang Y, Zhou Z, Liu X. The long noncoding RNA THBS1-AS1 promotes cardiac fibroblast activation in cardiac fibrosis by regulating TGFBR1. JCI Insight 2023; 8:160745. [PMID: 36787190 PMCID: PMC10070117 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is associated with an adverse prognosis in cardiovascular disease that results in a decreased cardiac compliance and, ultimately, heart failure. Recent studies have identified the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in cardiac fibrosis. However, the functions of many lncRNAs in cardiac fibrosis remain to be characterized. Through a whole-transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis on a mouse model of pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis, we screened a key lncRNA termed thrombospondin 1 antisense 1 (THBS1-AS1), which was positively associated with cardiac fibrosis. In vitro functional studies demonstrated that the silencing of THBS1-AS1 ameliorated TGF-β1 effects on cardiac fibroblast (CF) activation, and the overexpression of THBS1-AS1 displayed the opposite effect. A mechanistic study revealed that THBS1-AS1 could sponge miR-221/222 to regulate the expression of TGFBR1. Moreover, under TGF-β1 stimulation, the forced expression of miR-221/222 or the knockdown TGFBR1 significantly reversed the THBS1-AS1 overexpression induced by further CF activation. In vivo, specific knockdown of THBS1-AS1 in activated CFs significantly alleviated transverse aorta constriction-induced (TAC-induced) cardiac fibrosis in mice. Finally, we demonstrated that the human THBS1-AS1 can also affect the activation of CFs by regulating TGFBR1. In conclusion, this study reveals that lncRNA THBS1-AS1 is a potentially novel regulator of cardiac fibrosis and may serve as a target for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junteng Zhou
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, and
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Geer Tian
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center
| | - Yue Quan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center
| | - Qihang Kong
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center
| | - Fangyang Huang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junli Li
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center
| | - Wenchao Wu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center
| | - Yong Tang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signaling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Acupuncture & Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Desantis V, Potenza MA, Sgarra L, Nacci C, Scaringella A, Cicco S, Solimando AG, Vacca A, Montagnani M. microRNAs as Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Therapeutic Target in the Pathogenesis of Atrial Fibrillation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5307. [PMID: 36982382 PMCID: PMC10049145 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF) may involve atrial fibrosis/remodeling and dysfunctional endothelial activities. Despite the currently available treatment approaches, the progression of AF, its recurrence rate, and the high mortality risk of related complications underlay the need for more advanced prognostic and therapeutic strategies. There is increasing attention on the molecular mechanisms controlling AF onset and progression points to the complex cell to cell interplay that triggers fibroblasts, immune cells and myofibroblasts, enhancing atrial fibrosis. In this scenario, endothelial cell dysfunction (ED) might play an unexpected but significant role. microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In the cardiovascular compartment, both free circulating and exosomal miRNAs entail the control of plaque formation, lipid metabolism, inflammation and angiogenesis, cardiomyocyte growth and contractility, and even the maintenance of cardiac rhythm. Abnormal miRNAs levels may indicate the activation state of circulating cells, and thus represent a specific read-out of cardiac tissue changes. Although several unresolved questions still limit their clinical use, the ease of accessibility in biofluids and their prognostic and diagnostic properties make them novel and attractive biomarker candidates in AF. This article summarizes the most recent features of AF associated with miRNAs and relates them to potentially underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Desantis
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Pharmacology Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Potenza
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Pharmacology Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Sgarra
- General Hospital “F. Miulli” Acquaviva delle Fonti, 70021 Bari, Italy
| | - Carmela Nacci
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Pharmacology Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonietta Scaringella
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Pharmacology Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cicco
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Giovanni Solimando
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Montagnani
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Pharmacology Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
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11
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Fellah S, Larrue R, Truchi M, Vassaux G, Mari B, Cauffiez C, Pottier N. Pervasive role of the long noncoding RNA DNM3OS in development and diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1736. [PMID: 35491542 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Thousands of unique noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are expressed in human cells, some are tissue or cell type specific whereas others are considered as house-keeping molecules. Studies over the last decade have modified our perception of ncRNAs from transcriptional noise to functional regulatory transcripts that influence a variety of molecular processes such as chromatin remodeling, transcription, post-transcriptional modifications, or signal transduction. Consequently, aberrant expression of many ncRNAs plays a causative role in the initiation and progression of various diseases. Since the identification of its developmental role, the long ncRNA DNM3OS (Dynamin 3 Opposite Strand) has attracted attention of researchers in distinct fields including oncology, fibroproliferative diseases, or bone disorders. Mechanistic studies have in particular revealed the multifaceted nature of DNM3OS and its important pathogenic role in several human disorders. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of DNM3OS functions in diseases, with an emphasis on its potential as a novel therapeutic target. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Fellah
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277, Lille, France
| | - Romain Larrue
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277, Lille, France
| | - Marin Truchi
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Georges Vassaux
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Bernard Mari
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Christelle Cauffiez
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Pottier
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277, Lille, France
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12
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Donniacuo M, De Angelis A, Telesca M, Bellocchio G, Riemma MA, Paolisso P, Scisciola L, Cianflone E, Torella D, Castaldo G, Capuano A, Urbanek K, Berrino L, Rossi F, Cappetta D. Atrial fibrillation: Epigenetic aspects and role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. Pharmacol Res 2023; 188:106591. [PMID: 36502999 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiological aspects consist in the activation of pro-fibrotic signaling and Ca2+ handling abnormalities at atrial level. Structural and electrical remodeling creates a substrate for AF by triggering conduction abnormalities and cardiac arrhythmias. The care of AF patients focuses predominantly on anticoagulation, symptoms control and the management of risk factors and comorbidities. The goal of AF therapy points to restore sinus rhythm, re-establish atrioventricular synchrony and improve atrial contribution to the stroke volume. New layer of information to better comprehend AF pathophysiology, and identify targets for novel pharmacological interventions consists of the epigenetic phenomena including, among others, DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNAs. Moreover, the benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in diabetic and non-diabetic patients at cardiovascular risk as well as emerging evidence on the ability of SGLT2i to modify epigenetic signature in cardiovascular diseases provide a solid background to investigate a possible role of this drug class in the onset and progression of AF. In this review, following a summary of pathophysiology and management, epigenetic mechanisms in AF and the potential of sodium-glucose SGLT2i in AF patients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Donniacuo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - A De Angelis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - M Telesca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - G Bellocchio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - M A Riemma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - P Paolisso
- Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Hospital, Aalst, Belgium; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via A. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - L Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - E Cianflone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - D Torella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - G Castaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via A. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE-Advanced, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - A Capuano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - K Urbanek
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via A. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE-Advanced, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - L Berrino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - F Rossi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - D Cappetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
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13
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Álvarez M, Ruiz-Sala P, Pérez B, Desviat LR, Richard E. Dysregulated Cell Homeostasis and miRNAs in Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes from a Propionic Acidemia Patient with Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032182. [PMID: 36768524 PMCID: PMC9916417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Propionic acidemia (PA) disorder shows major involvement of the heart, among other alterations. A significant number of PA patients develop cardiac complications, and available evidence suggests that this cardiac dysfunction is driven mainly by the accumulation of toxic metabolites. To contribute to the elucidation of the mechanistic basis underlying this dysfunction, we have successfully generated cardiomyocytes through the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a PCCB patient and its isogenic control. In this human cellular model, we aimed to examine microRNAs (miRNAs) profiles and analyze several cellular pathways to determine miRNAs activity patterns associated with PA cardiac phenotypes. We have identified a series of upregulated cardiac-enriched miRNAs and alterations in some of their regulated signaling pathways, including an increase in the expression of cardiac damage markers and cardiac channels, an increase in oxidative stress, a decrease in mitochondrial respiration and autophagy; and lipid accumulation. Our findings indicate that miRNA activity patterns from PA iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes are biologically informative and advance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of this rare disease, providing a basis for identifying new therapeutic targets for intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Álvarez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Ruiz-Sala
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPaz), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Pérez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPaz), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Ruiz Desviat
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPaz), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Richard
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPaz), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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14
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Hao H, Dai C, Han X, Li Y. A novel therapeutic strategy for alleviating atrial remodeling by targeting exosomal miRNAs in atrial fibrillation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119365. [PMID: 36167158 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most frequent cardiac arrhythmias, and atrial remodeling is related to the progression of AF. Although several therapeutic approaches have been presented in recent years, the continuously increasing mortality rate suggests that more advanced strategies for treatment are urgently needed. Exosomes regulate pathological processes through intercellular communication mediated by microribonucleic acid (miRNA) in various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Exosomal miRNAs associated with signaling pathways have added more complexity to an already complex direct cell-to-cell interaction. Exosome delivery of miRNAs is involved in cardiac regeneration and cardiac protection. Recent studies have found that exosomes play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac fibrosis. By improving exosome stability and modifying surface epitopes, specific pharmaceutical agents can be supplied to improve tropism and targeting to cells and tissues in vivo. Exosomes harboring miRNAs may have clinical utility in cell-free therapeutic approaches and may serve as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for AF. Currently, limitations challenge pharmaceutic design, therapeutic utility and in vivo targeted delivery to patients. The aim of this article is to review the developmental features of AF associated with exosomal miRNAs and relate them to underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongting Hao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chenguang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xuejie Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Translation, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiac Diseases and Heart Failure, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder & Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin 150081, China; Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, China.
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15
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Gorica E, Mohammed SA, Ambrosini S, Calderone V, Costantino S, Paneni F. Epi-Drugs in Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:923014. [PMID: 35911511 PMCID: PMC9326055 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.923014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Unveiling the secrets of genome's flexibility does not only foster new research in the field, but also gives rise to the exploration and development of novel epigenetic-based therapies as an approach to alleviate disease phenotypes. A better understanding of chromatin biology (DNA/histone complexes) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has enabled the development of epigenetic drugs able to modulate transcriptional programs implicated in cardiovascular diseases. This particularly applies to heart failure, where epigenetic networks have shown to underpin several pathological features, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and microvascular dysfunction. Targeting epigenetic signals might represent a promising approach, especially in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), where prognosis remains poor and breakthrough therapies have yet to be approved. In this setting, epigenetics can be employed for the development of customized therapeutic approaches thus paving the way for personalized medicine. Even though the beneficial effects of epi-drugs are gaining attention, the number of epigenetic compounds used in the clinical practice remains low suggesting that more selective epi-drugs are needed. From DNA-methylation changes to non-coding RNAs, we can establish brand-new regulations for drug targets with the aim of restoring healthy epigenomes and transcriptional programs in the failing heart. In the present review, we bring the timeline of epi-drug discovery and development, thus highlighting the emerging role of epigenetic therapies in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Era Gorica
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Shafeeq A. Mohammed
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Samuele Ambrosini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Mechanistic and therapeutic perspectives of baicalin and baicalein on pulmonary hypertension: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113191. [PMID: 35643068 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic and fatal disease, for which new therapeutic drugs and approaches are needed urgently. Baicalein and baicalin, the active compounds of the traditional Chinese medicine, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities. Numerous studies involving in vitro and in vivo models of PH have revealed that the treatment with baicalin and baicalein may be effective. This review summarizes the potential mechanisms driving the beneficial effects of baicalin and baicalein treatment on PH, including anti-inflammatory response, inhibition of pulmonary smooth muscle cell proliferation and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transformation, stabilization of the extracellular matrix, and mitigation of oxidative stress. The pharmacokinetics of these compounds have also been reviewed. The therapeutic potential of baicalin and baicalein warrants their continued study as natural treatments for PH.
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17
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Chen Y, He Y, Zhao S, He X, Xue D, Xia Y. Hypoxic/Ischemic Inflammation, MicroRNAs and δ-Opioid Receptors: Hypoxia/Ischemia-Sensitive Versus-Insensitive Organs. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:847374. [PMID: 35615595 PMCID: PMC9124822 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.847374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and ischemia cause inflammatory injury and critically participate in the pathogenesis of various diseases in various organs. However, the protective strategies against hypoxic and ischemic insults are very limited in clinical settings up to date. It is of utmost importance to improve our understanding of hypoxic/ischemic (H/I) inflammation and find novel therapies for better prevention/treatment of H/I injury. Recent studies provide strong evidence that the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate gene expression and affect H/I inflammation through post-transcriptional mechanisms, are differentially altered in response to H/I stress, while δ-opioid receptors (DOR) play a protective role against H/I insults in different organs, including both H/I-sensitive organs (e.g., brain, kidney, and heart) and H/I-insensitive organs (e.g., liver and muscle). Indeed, many studies have demonstrated the crucial role of the DOR-mediated cyto-protection against H/I injury by several molecular pathways, including NLRP3 inflammasome modulated by miRNAs. In this review, we summarize our recent studies along with those of others worldwide, and compare the effects of DOR on H/I expression of miRNAs in H/I-sensitive and -insensitive organs. The alternation in miRNA expression profiles upon DOR activation and the potential impact on inflammatory injury in different organs under normoxic and hypoxic conditions are discussed at molecular and cellular levels. More in-depth investigations into this field may provide novel clues for new protective strategies against H/I inflammation in different types of organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yichen He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Shuchen Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Xue,
| | - Ying Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ying Xia,
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18
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Khan AA, Gupta V, Mahapatra NR. Key regulatory miRNAs in lipid homeostasis: implications for cardiometabolic diseases and development of novel therapeutics. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:2170-2180. [PMID: 35550438 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is associated with cardiovascular/metabolic diseases, including atherosclerosis, liver diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several miRNAs have been reported as regulators of different stages of lipid homeostasis, including cholesterol/fatty acid biosynthesis, degradation, transport, storage, and low-density (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) formation. Indeed, various miRNAs are emerging as attractive therapeutic candidates for metabolic/cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we summarize the roles of miR-19b, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-27, miR-29, miR-34a, miR-144, miR-148a, and miR-199a in post-transcriptional regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism and their therapeutic potential. We also discuss experimental strategies for further development of these miRNAs as novel cardiometabolic therapeutics. Teaser: miRNAs have emerged as crucial regulators of lipid homeostasis. Here, we highlight key miRNAs that regulate lipid metabolism and their therapeutic potential in cardiometabolic disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar A Khan
- Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinayak Gupta
- Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Plot No. 8-11, Techzone II, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nitish R Mahapatra
- Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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19
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Mangraviti N, De Windt LJ. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cardiac Hypertrophy. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 2:836418. [PMID: 39086960 PMCID: PMC11285587 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2022.836418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Heart disease represents one of the main challenges in modern medicine with insufficient treatment options. Whole genome sequencing allowed for the discovery of several classes of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and widened our understanding of disease regulatory circuits. The intrinsic ability of long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) to regulate gene expression by a plethora of mechanisms make them candidates for conceptually new treatment options. However, important questions remain to be addressed before we can fully exploit the therapeutic potential of these molecules. Increasing our knowledge of their mechanisms of action and refining the approaches for modulating lncRNAs expression are just a few of the challenges we face. The accurate identification of novel lncRNAs is hampered by their relatively poor cross-species sequence conservation and their low and context-dependent expression pattern. Nevertheless, progress has been made in their annotation in recent years, while a few experimental studies have confirmed the value of lncRNAs as new mechanisms in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and other cardiovascular diseases. Here, we explore cardiac lncRNA biology and the evidence that this class of molecules has therapeutic benefit to treat cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leon J. De Windt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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20
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Eyyupkoca F, Ercan K, Kiziltunc E, Ugurlu IB, Kocak A, Eyerci N. Determination of microRNAs associated with adverse left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:781-791. [PMID: 35048282 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that microRNA (miRNA) regulated mechanisms in myocardial healing and ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aim to comprehensively investigate changes of exosomal miRNA profile during the post-MI period and determine potential miRNAs associated to adverse left ventricular remodeling (ALVR). We prospectively evaluated ST-elevated MI patients with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at the 2 weeks and 6 months after AMI (n = 10). ALVR was defined as an increase in LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volume > 13%. The blood samples were taken for miRNA measurements at the baseline, 2 and 6 weeks after AMI. In the miRNA profile assessment, 8 miRNAs were identified that were associated ALVR (miR-199a-5p, miR-23b-3p, miR-26b-5p, miR-301a-3p, miR-374a-5p, miR-423-5p, miR-483-5p and miR-652-3p). Three of them (miR-301a-3p, miR-374a-5p and miR-423-5p) differed significantly between patients with and without ALVR during follow-up period and the rest of them during the acute phase of AMI. The detection of these miRNAs, which have different role in various pathways, necessitate future mechanistic studies unravel the complex remodeling process after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferhat Eyyupkoca
- Department of Cardiology, Dr. Nafiz Korez Sincan State Hospital, Fatih District, Gazi Mustafa Kemal Boulevard, 06930, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Karabekir Ercan
- Department of Radiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emrullah Kiziltunc
- Department of Cardiology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilgin Burcu Ugurlu
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ajar Kocak
- Department of Cardiology, Dr. Nafiz Korez Sincan State Hospital, Fatih District, Gazi Mustafa Kemal Boulevard, 06930, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilnur Eyerci
- Department of Medical Biology, Kafkas University Faculty of Medicine, Kars, Turkey
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21
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Brodnicki TC. A Role for lncRNAs in Regulating Inflammatory and Autoimmune Responses Underlying Type 1 Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1363:97-118. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92034-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the general population. Energy metabolism disturbance is one of the early abnormalities in CVDs, such as coronary heart disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. To explore the role of myocardial energy homeostasis disturbance in CVDs, it is important to understand myocardial metabolism in the normal heart and their function in the complex pathophysiology of CVDs. In this article, we summarized lipid metabolism/lipotoxicity and glucose metabolism/insulin resistance in the heart, focused on the metabolic regulation during neonatal and ageing heart, proposed potential metabolic mechanisms for cardiac regeneration and degeneration. We provided an overview of emerging molecular network among cardiac proliferation, regeneration, and metabolic disturbance. These novel targets promise a new era for the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yun WANG
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen CHEN
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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23
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Changes in microRNA expression profiles in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats following H3 relaxin treatment. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 79:530-538. [PMID: 34983906 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that play an important role in the mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM); however, whether human recombinant relaxin-3 (H3 relaxin) inhibits myocardial injury in DCM rats and the underlying mechanisms involving miRNAs remain unknown. miRNA expression profiles were detected using miRNA microarray and bioinformatics analyses of myocardial tissues from control, DCM, and H3 relaxin-administered DCM groups, and the regulatory mechanisms of the miRNAs were investigated. A total of five miRNAs were downregulated in the myocardial tissues of DCM rats and upregulated in H3 relaxin-treated DCM rats, and one miRNA (miRNA let-7d-3p) was increased in the myocardial tissue of DCM rats, and decreased in H3 relaxin-treated DCM rats as revealed by miRNA microarray and validated by real-time PCR. Important signaling pathways were found to be triggered by the differentially expressed miRNAs, including metabolism, cancer, Rap1, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways. The study revealed that H3 relaxin improved glucose uptake in DCM rats, potentially via regulation of miRNA let-7d-3p.
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24
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Zang H, Zhang Q, Li X. Non-Coding RNA Networks in Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Genet 2021; 12:703860. [PMID: 34917122 PMCID: PMC8669616 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.703860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in various cellular processes. There are several ncRNA classes, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). The detailed roles of these molecules in pulmonary hypertension (PH) remain unclear. We systematically collected and reviewed reports describing the functions of ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs) in PH through database retrieval and manual literature reading. The characteristics of identified articles, especially the experimental methods, were carefully reviewed. Furthermore, regulatory networks were constructed using ncRNAs and their interacting RNAs or genes. These data were extracted from studies on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, pulmonary artery endothelial cells, and pulmonary artery fibroblasts. We included 14 lncRNAs, 1 circRNA, 74 miRNAs, and 110 mRNAs in the constructed networks. Using these networks, herein, we describe the current knowledge on the role of ncRNAs in PH. Moreover, these networks actively provide an improved understanding of the roles of ncRNAs in PH. The results of this study are crucial for the clinical application of ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiongyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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25
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Zeng N, Huang YQ, Yan YM, Hu ZQ, Zhang Z, Feng JX, Guo JS, Zhu JN, Fu YH, Wang XP, Zhang MZ, Duan JZ, Zheng XL, Xu JD, Shan ZX. Diverging targets mediate the pathological roleof miR-199a-5p and miR-199a-3p by promoting cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:1035-1050. [PMID: 34786209 PMCID: PMC8571541 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-199a-5p (miR-199a-5p) and -3p are enriched in the myocardium, but it is unknown whether miR-199a-5p and -3p are co-expressed in cardiac remodeling and what roles they have in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. We show that miR-199a-5p and -3p are co-upregulated in the mouse and human myocardium with cardiac remodeling and in Ang-II-treated neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes (NMVCs) and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). miR-199a-5p and -3p could aggravate cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. PPAR gamma coactivator 1 alpha (Ppargc1a) and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) were identified as target genes to mediate miR-199a-5p in promoting both cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. However, miR-199a-3p aggravated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through targeting RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (Rb1) and Smad1, respectively. Serum response factor and nuclear factor κB p65 participated in the upregulation of miR-199a-5p and -3p in Ang-II-treated NMVCs and mouse CFs, and could be conversely elevated by miR-199a-5p and -3p. Together, Ppargc1a and Sirt1, Rb1 and Smad1 mediated the pathological effect of miR-199a-5p and -3p by promoting cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, respectively. This study suggests a possible new strategy for cardiac remodeling therapy by inhibiting miR-199a-5p and -3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zeng
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yu-Qing Huang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Min Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhi-Qin Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jia-Xin Feng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ji-Shen Guo
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jie-Ning Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yong-Heng Fu
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xi-Pei Wang
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Meng-Zhen Zhang
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jin-Zhu Duan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jin-Dong Xu
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Shan
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
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26
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Montaigne D, Butruille L, Staels B. PPAR control of metabolism and cardiovascular functions. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:809-823. [PMID: 34127848 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), PPARδ and PPARγ are transcription factors that regulate gene expression following ligand activation. PPARα increases cellular fatty acid uptake, esterification and trafficking, and regulates lipoprotein metabolism genes. PPARδ stimulates lipid and glucose utilization by increasing mitochondrial function and fatty acid desaturation pathways. By contrast, PPARγ promotes fatty acid uptake, triglyceride formation and storage in lipid droplets, thereby increasing insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. PPARs also exert antiatherogenic and anti-inflammatory effects on the vascular wall and immune cells. Clinically, PPARγ activation by glitazones and PPARα activation by fibrates reduce insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia, respectively. PPARs are also physiological master switches in the heart, steering cardiac energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes, thereby affecting pathological heart failure and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Novel PPAR agonists in clinical development are providing new opportunities in the management of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Montaigne
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Laura Butruille
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France.
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27
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Yang M, Wang X, Wang T. Regulation of Mitochondrial Function by Noncoding RNAs in Heart Failure and Its Application in Diagnosis and Treatment. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:377-387. [PMID: 34132686 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Heart failure (HF) is the terminal stage of multiple cardiovascular diseases. However, the pathogenesis of HF remains unclear and prompt; appropriate diagnosis and treatment of HF are crucial. Cardiomyocytes isolated from HF subjects frequently present mitochondrial impairment and dysfunction. Many studies have suggested that the regulation by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) of mitochondria can affect the occurrence and progression of HF. The regulation by ncRNAs of myocardial mitochondria during HF and the recent applications of ncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of HF are summarized in this review that is intended to gain keen insights into the mechanisms of HF and more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
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28
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Nishio J, Nakayama S, Nabeshima K, Yamamoto T. Biology and Management of Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma: State of the Art and Perspectives. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3230. [PMID: 34362013 PMCID: PMC8348700 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL) is defined as the transition from well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDL)/atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT) to non-lipogenic sarcoma, which arises mostly in the retroperitoneum and deep soft tissue of proximal extremities. It is characterized by a supernumerary ring and giant marker chromosomes, both of which contain amplified sequences of 12q13-15 including murinedouble minute 2 (MDM2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) cell cycle oncogenes. Detection of MDM2 (and/or CDK4) amplification serves to distinguish DDL from other undifferentiated sarcomas. Recently, CTDSP1/2-DNM3OS fusion genes have been identified in a subset of DDL. However, the genetic events associated with dedifferentiation of WDL/ALT remain to be clarified. The standard treatment for localized DDL is surgery, with or without radiotherapy. In advanced disease, the standard first-line therapy is an anthracycline-based regimen, with either single-agent anthracycline or anthracycline in combination with the alkylating agent ifosfamide. Unfortunately, this regimen has not necessarily led to a satisfactory clinical outcome. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of DDL may allow for the development of more-effective innovative therapeutic strategies. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, histopathology and treatment of DDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nishio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.N.); (T.Y.)
| | - Shizuhide Nakayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.N.); (T.Y.)
| | - Kazuki Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan;
| | - Takuaki Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.N.); (T.Y.)
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29
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Liu S, Li K, Wagner Florencio L, Tang L, Heallen TR, Leach JP, Wang Y, Grisanti F, Willerson JT, Perin EC, Zhang S, Martin JF. Gene therapy knockdown of Hippo signaling induces cardiomyocyte renewal in pigs after myocardial infarction. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/600/eabd6892. [PMID: 34193613 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd6892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Human heart failure, a leading cause of death worldwide, is a prominent example of a chronic disease that may result from poor cell renewal. The Hippo signaling pathway is an inhibitory kinase cascade that represses adult heart muscle cell (cardiomyocyte) proliferation and renewal after myocardial infarction in genetically modified mice. Here, we investigated an adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-based gene therapy to locally knock down the Hippo pathway gene Salvador (Sav) in border zone cardiomyocytes in a pig model of ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction. Two weeks after myocardial infarction, when pigs had left ventricular systolic dysfunction, we administered AAV9-Sav-short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or a control AAV9 viral vector carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) directly into border zone cardiomyocytes via catheter-mediated subendocardial injection. Three months after injection, pig hearts treated with a high dose of AAV9-Sav-shRNA exhibited a 14.3% improvement in ejection fraction (a measure of left ventricular systolic function), evidence of cardiomyocyte division, and reduced scar sizes compared to pigs receiving AAV9-GFP. AAV9-Sav-shRNA-treated pig hearts also displayed increased capillary density and reduced cardiomyocyte ploidy. AAV9-Sav-shRNA gene therapy was well tolerated and did not induce mortality. In addition, liver and lung pathology revealed no tumor formation. Local delivery of AAV9-Sav-shRNA gene therapy to border zone cardiomyocytes in pig hearts after myocardial infarction resulted in tissue renewal and improved function and may have utility in treating heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ke Li
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Li Tang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - John P Leach
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Francisco Grisanti
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Sui Zhang
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James F Martin
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Organ Repair and Renewal and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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30
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Zhao K, Yang CX, Li P, Sun W, Kong XQ. Epigenetic role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation in the cardiovascular system. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 21:509-523. [PMID: 32633106 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As the most prevalent and abundant transcriptional modification in the eukaryotic genome, the continuous and dynamic regulation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been shown to play a vital role in physiological and pathological processes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as ischemic heart failure (HF), myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial infarction (MI), and cardiomyogenesis. Regulation is achieved by modulating the expression of m6A enzymes and their downstream cardiac genes. In addition, this process has a major impact on different aspects of internal biological metabolism and several other external environmental effects associated with the development of CVDs. However, the exact molecular mechanism of m6A epigenetic regulation has not been fully elucidated. In this review, we outline recent advances and discuss potential therapeutic strategies for managing m6A in relation to several common CVD-related metabolic disorders and external environmental factors. Note that an appropriate understanding of the biological function of m6A in the cardiovascular system will pave the way towards exploring the mechanisms responsible for the development of other CVDs and their associated symptoms. Finally, it can provide new insights for the development of novel therapeutic agents for use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiang-Qing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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31
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miRNA in cardiac development and regeneration. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 10:14. [PMID: 34060005 PMCID: PMC8166991 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-021-00077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. In adult mammalian hearts, most cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated and have extremely limited capacity of proliferation, making it impossible to regenerate the heart after injuries such as myocardial infarction. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding single-stranded RNA, which are involved in mRNA silencing and the regulation of post-transcriptional gene expression, have been shown to play a crucial role in cardiac development and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Muscle specific miRNAs such as miR-1 are key regulators of cardiomyocyte maturation and growth, while miR-199-3p and other miRNAs display potent activity to induce proliferation of cardiomyocytes. Given their small size and relative pleiotropic effects, miRNAs have gained significant attraction as promising therapeutic targets or tools in cardiac regeneration. Increasing number of studies demonstrated that overexpression or inhibition of specific miRNAs could induce cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration. Some common targets of pro-proliferation miRNAs, such as the Hippo-Yap signaling pathway, were identified in multiple species, highlighting the power of miRNAs as probes to dissect core regulators of biological processes. A number of miRNAs have been shown to improve heart function after myocardial infarction in mice, and one trial in swine also demonstrated promising outcomes. However, technical difficulties, especially in delivery methods, and adverse effects, such as uncontrolled proliferation, remain. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in miRNA research in cardiac development and regeneration, examine the mechanisms of miRNA regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation, and discuss its potential as a new strategy for cardiac regeneration therapy.
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32
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Logan SM, Gupta A, Wang A, Levy RJ, Storey KB. Isoflurane and low-level carbon monoxide exposures increase expression of pro-survival miRNA in neonatal mouse heart. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:541-548. [PMID: 33661504 PMCID: PMC8065082 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anesthetics such as isoflurane are known to cause apoptosis in the developing mammalian brain. However, isoflurane may have protective effects on the heart via relieving ischemia and downregulating genes related to apoptosis. Ischemic preconditioning, e.g. through the use of low levels of carbon monoxide (CO), has promise in preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury and cell death. However, it is still unclear how it either triggers the stress response in neonatal hearts. For this reason, thirty-three microRNAs (miRNAs) known to be differentially expressed following anesthesia and/or ischemic or hypoxic heart damage were investigated in the hearts from neonatal mice exposed to isoflurane or low level of CO, using an air-exposed control group. Only miR-93-5p increased with isoflurane exposure, which may be associated with the suppression of cell death, autophagy, and inflammation. By contrast, twelve miRNAs were differentially expressed in the heart following CO treatment. Many miRNAs previously shown to be responsible for suppressing cell death, autophagy, and myocardial hypertrophy were upregulated (e.g., 125b-3p, 19-3p, and 21a-5p). Finally, some miRNAs (miR-103-3p, miR-1a-3p, miR-199a-1-5p) which have been implicated in regulating energy balance and cardiac contraction were also differentially expressed. Overall, this study demonstrated that CO-mediated miRNA regulation may promote ischemic preconditioning and cardioprotection based on the putative protective roles of the differentially expressed miRNAs explored herein and the consistency of these results with those that have shown positive effects of CO on heart viability following anesthesia and ischemia-reperfusion stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Logan
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Aakriti Gupta
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Richard J Levy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
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33
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Lei Z, Wahlquist C, El Azzouzi H, Deddens JC, Kuster D, van Mil A, Rojas-Munoz A, Huibers MM, Mercola M, de Weger R, Van der Velden J, Xiao J, Doevendans PA, Sluijter JPG. miR-132/212 Impairs Cardiomyocytes Contractility in the Failing Heart by Suppressing SERCA2a. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:592362. [PMID: 33816571 PMCID: PMC8017124 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.592362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Compromised cardiac function is a hallmark for heart failure, mostly appearing as decreased contractile capacity due to dysregulated calcium handling. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanism causing impaired calcium handling is still not fully understood. Previously the miR-132/212 family was identified as a regulator of cardiac function in the failing mouse heart, and pharmaceutically inhibition of miR-132 is beneficial for heart failure. In this study, we further investigated the molecular mechanisms of miR-132/212 in modulating cardiomyocyte contractility in the context of the pathological progression of heart failure. We found that upregulated miR-132/212 expressions in all examined hypertrophic heart failure mice models. The overexpression of miR-132/212 prolongs calcium decay in isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, whereas cardiomyocytes isolated from miR-132/212 KO mice display enhanced contractility in comparison to wild type controls. In response to chronic pressure-overload, miR-132/212 KO mice exhibited a blunted deterioration of cardiac function. Using a combination of biochemical approaches and in vitro assays, we confirmed that miR-132/212 regulates SERCA2a by targeting the 3′-end untranslated region of SERCA2a. Additionally, we also confirmed PTEN as a direct target of miR-132/212 and potentially participates in the cardiac response to miR132/212. In end-stage heart failure patients, miR-132/212 is upregulated and correlates with reduced SERCA2a expression. The up-regulation of miR-132/212 in heart failure impairs cardiac contractile function by targeting SERCA2a, suggesting that pharmaceutical inhibition of miR-132/212 might be a promising therapeutic approach to promote cardiac function in heart failure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Lei
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Division Lab, Central Diagnosis Laboratory Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Christine Wahlquist
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Hamid El Azzouzi
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Janine C Deddens
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Diederik Kuster
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alain van Mil
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,University Medical Center Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Agustin Rojas-Munoz
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Manon M Huibers
- Department of Genetics, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Mark Mercola
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Roel de Weger
- Department of Genetics, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jolanda Van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pieter A Doevendans
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Central Military Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,University Medical Center Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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34
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He JG, Zhou HY, Xue SG, Lu JJ, Xu JF, Zhou B, Hu ZL, Wu PF, Long LH, Ni L, Jin Y, Wang F, Chen JG. Transcription Factor TWIST1 Integrates Dendritic Remodeling and Chronic Stress to Promote Depressive-like Behaviors. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:615-626. [PMID: 33190845 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficiency in neuronal structural plasticity is involved in the development of major depressive disorder. TWIST1, a helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is essential for morphogenesis and organogenesis, is normally expressed at low levels in mature neurons. However, it is poorly understood what role TWIST1 plays in the brain and whether it is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. METHODS Depressive-like behaviors in C57BL/6J mice were developed by chronic social defeat stress. Genetic and pharmacological approaches were used to investigate the role of the TWIST1-miR-214-PPAR-δ signaling pathway in depressive-like behaviors. Molecular biological and morphological studies were performed to define the molecular mechanisms downstream of TWIST1. RESULTS The expression of TWIST1 was positively correlated with depressive behaviors in humans and mice. Chronic stress elevated TWIST1 expression in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice, which was reversed by fluoxetine treatment. While the overexpression of TWIST1 increased susceptibility to stress, the knockdown of TWIST1 prevented the defective morphogenesis of dendrites of pyramidal neurons in layer II/III of the medial prefrontal cortex and alleviated depressive-like behaviors. Mechanistically, this prodepressant property of TWIST1 was mediated, at least in part, through the repression of miR-214-PPAR-δ signaling and mitochondrial function, which was also mimicked by genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PPAR-δ. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that TWIST1 in the medial prefrontal cortex mediates chronic stress-induced dendritic remodeling and facilitates the occurrence of depressive-like behavior, providing new information for developing drug targets for depression therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Gang He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ge Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Feng Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang-Li Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hong Long
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - You Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Sundrani DP, Karkhanis AR, Joshi SR. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR), fatty acids and microRNAs: Implications in women delivering low birth weight babies. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2021; 67:24-41. [PMID: 33719831 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2020.1858994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Low birth weight (LBW) babies are associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality and are at increased risk for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in later life. However, the molecular determinants of LBW are not well understood. Placental insufficiency/dysfunction is the most frequent etiology for fetal growth restriction resulting in LBW and placental epigenetic processes are suggested to be important regulators of pregnancy outcome. Early life exposures like altered maternal nutrition may have long-lasting effects on the health of the offspring via epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation and microRNA (miRNA) regulation. miRNAs have been recognized as major regulators of gene expression and are known to play an important role in placental development. Angiogenesis in the placenta is known to be regulated by transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) which is activated by ligands such as long-chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA). In vitro studies in different cell types indicate that fatty acids can influence epigenetic mechanisms like miRNA regulation. We hypothesize that maternal fatty acid status may influence the miRNA regulation of PPAR genes in the placenta in women delivering LBW babies. This review provides an overview of miRNAs and their regulation of PPAR gene in the placenta of women delivering LBW babies.Abbreviations: AA - Arachidonic Acid; Ago2 - Argonaute2; ALA - Alpha-Linolenic Acid; ANGPTL4 - Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4; C14MC - Chromosome 14 miRNA Cluster; C19MC - Chromosome 19 miRNA Cluster; CLA - Conjugated Linoleic Acid; CSE - Cystathionine γ-Lyase; DHA - Docosahexaenoic Acid; EFA - Essential Fatty Acids; E2F3 - E2F transcription factor 3; EPA - Eicosapentaenoic Acid; FGFR1 - Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1; GDM - Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; hADMSCs - Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells; hBMSCs - Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells; HBV - Hepatitis B Virus; HCC - Hepatocellular Carcinoma; HCPT - Hydroxycamptothecin; HFD - High-Fat Diet; Hmads - Human Multipotent Adipose-Derived Stem; HSCS - Human Hepatic Stellate Cells; IUGR - Intrauterine Growth Restriction; LA - Linoleic Acid; LBW - Low Birth Weight; LCPUFA - Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; MEK1 - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; MiRNA - MicroRNA; mTOR - Mammalian Target of Rapamycin; NCDs - NonCommunicable Diseases; OA - Oleic Acid; PASMC - Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell; PLAG1 - Pleiomorphic Adenoma Gene 1; PPAR - Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor; PPARα - PPAR alpha; PPARγ - PPAR gamma; PPARδ - PPAR delta; pre-miRNA - precursor miRNA; RISC - RNA-Induced Silencing Complex; ROS - Reactive Oxygen Species; SAT - Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue; WHO - World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali P Sundrani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Aishwarya R Karkhanis
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Sadhana R Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
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36
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Liu B, Wang B, Zhang X, Lock R, Nash T, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Cell type-specific microRNA therapies for myocardial infarction. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabd0914. [PMID: 33568517 PMCID: PMC8848299 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd0914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current interventions fail to recover injured myocardium after infarction and prompt the need for development of cardioprotective strategies. Of increasing interest is the therapeutic use of microRNAs to control gene expression through specific targeting of mRNAs. In this Review, we discuss current microRNA-based therapeutic strategies, describing the outcomes and limitations of key microRNAs with a focus on target cell types and molecular pathways. Last, we offer a perspective on the outlook of microRNA therapies for myocardial infarction, highlighting the outstanding challenges and emerging strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Bryan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xiaokan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Roberta Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Trevor Nash
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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37
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Purohit PK, Saini N. Mitochondrial microRNA (MitomiRs) in cancer and complex mitochondrial diseases: current status and future perspectives. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:1405-1421. [PMID: 33084945 PMCID: PMC11072739 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are not only important for cellular bioenergetics but also lie at the heart of critical metabolic pathways. They can rapidly adjust themselves in response to changing conditions and the metabolic needs of the cell. Mitochondrial involvement as well as its dysfunction has been found to be associated with variety of pathological processes and diseases. mitomiRs are class of miRNA(s) that regulate mitochondrial gene expression and function. This review sheds light on the role of mitomiRs in regulating different biological processes-mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, cell metabolism, chemoresistance, apoptosis,and their relevance in metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Insilico analysis of predicted targets of mitomiRs targeting energy metabolism identified several significantly altered pathways (needs in vivo validations) that may provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of human diseases. Last part of the review discusses about the clinical aspects of miRNA(s) and mitomiRs in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paresh Kumar Purohit
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Neeru Saini
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
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The Degree of Cardiac Remodelling before Overload Relief Triggers Different Transcriptome and miRome Signatures during Reverse Remodelling (RR)-Molecular Signature Differ with the Extent of RR. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249687. [PMID: 33353134 PMCID: PMC7766898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to provide new insights into transcriptome and miRome modifications occurring in cardiac reverse remodelling (RR) upon left ventricle pressure-overload relief in mice. Pressure-overload was established in seven-week-old C57BL/6J-mice by ascending aortic constriction. A debanding (DEB) surgery was performed seven weeks later in half of the banding group (BA). Two weeks later, cardiac function was evaluated through hemodynamics and echocardiography, and the hearts were collected for histology and small/bulk-RNA-sequencing. Pressure-overload relief was confirmed by the normalization of left-ventricle-end-systolic-pressure. DEB animals were separated into two subgroups according to the extent of cardiac remodelling at seven weeks and RR: DEB1 showed an incomplete RR phenotype confirmed by diastolic dysfunction persistence (E/e' ≥ 16 ms) and increased myocardial fibrosis. At the same time, DEB2 exhibited normal diastolic function and fibrosis, presenting a phenotype closer to myocardial recovery. Nevertheless, both subgroups showed the persistence of cardiomyocytes hypertrophy. Notably, the DEB1 subgroup presented a more severe diastolic dysfunction at the moment of debanding than the DEB2, suggesting a different degree of cardiac remodelling. Transcriptomic and miRomic data, as well as their integrated analysis, revealed significant downregulation in metabolic and hypertrophic related pathways in DEB1 when compared to DEB2 group, including fatty acid β-oxidation, mitochondria L-carnitine shuttle, and nuclear factor of activated T-cells pathways. Moreover, extracellular matrix remodelling, glycan metabolism and inflammation-related pathways were up-regulated in DEB1. The presence of a more severe diastolic dysfunction at the moment of pressure overload-relief on top of cardiac hypertrophy was associated with an incomplete RR. Our transcriptomic approach suggests that a cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic-related gene expression dysregulation underlies diastolic dysfunction persistence after pressure-overload relief, despite left ventricular mass regression, as echocardiographically confirmed.
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Yan H, Wang H, Zhu X, Huang J, Li Y, Zhou K, Hua Y, Yan F, Wang DZ, Luo Y. Adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of anti-miR-199a tough decoys attenuates cardiac hypertrophy by targeting PGC-1alpha. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 23:406-417. [PMID: 33473326 PMCID: PMC7787996 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators in the process of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Previous studies have shown that miR-199a is upregulated in pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy and that inhibition of miR-199a attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in vitro. However, the therapeutic role of anti-miR-199a treatment in the cardiac hypertrophy in vivo model is less known. Here, we show an efficient and useful method to treat mouse cardiac hypertrophy and restore cardiac function through injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated anti-miR-199a tough decoys (TuDs). RNA-seq transcriptome analysis indicated that genes related to cytoplasmic translation and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly were upregulated in anti-miR-199a-treated recovered hearts. We further validated that PGC-1α is the direct target of miR-199a involved in the therapeutic effect and the regulation of the PGC-1α/ERRα axis and that the downstream pathway of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation constitute the underlying mechanism of the restored mitochondrial structure and function in our anti-miR-199a-treated mice. Our study highlights the important regulatory role of miR-199a in cardiac hypertrophy and the value of the AAV-mediated miRNA delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualin Yan
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianbo Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kaiyu Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yimin Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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40
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Sakuma H, Hagiwara S, Kantharidis P, Gohda T, Suzuki Y. Potential Targeting of Renal Fibrosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease Using MicroRNAs. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:587689. [PMID: 33364960 PMCID: PMC7751689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.587689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major health problem and one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Despite recent advances, there exists an urgent need for the development of new treatments for DKD. DKD is characterized by the excessive synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix proteins in glomeruli and the tubulointerstitium, ultimately leading to glomerulosclerosis as well as interstitial fibrosis. Renal fibrosis is the final common pathway at the histological level leading to an end-stage renal failure. In fact, activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway by bardoxolone methyl and inhibition of transforming growth factor beta signaling by pirfenidone have been assumed to be effective therapeutic targets for DKD, and various basic and clinical studies are currently ongoing. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously produced small RNA molecules of 18–22 nucleotides in length, which act as posttranscriptional repressors of gene expression. Studies have demonstrated that several miRNAs contribute to renal fibrosis. In this review, we outline the potential of using miRNAs as an antifibrosis treatment strategy and discuss their clinical application in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Sakuma
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Hagiwara
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Kidney and Hypertension, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tomohito Gohda
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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41
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Brown SM, Larsen NK, Thankam FG, Agrawal DK. Fetal cardiomyocyte phenotype, ketone body metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathology of atrial fibrillation. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:1165-1178. [PMID: 33188453 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia diagnosed in clinical practice. Even though hypertension, congestive heart failure, pulmonary disease, and coronary artery disease are the potential risk factors for AF, the underlying molecular pathology is largely unknown. The reversion of the mature cardiomyocytes to fetal phenotype, impaired ketone body metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the cellular effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the major underlying biochemical events associated with the molecular pathology of AF. On this background, the present manuscript sheds light into these biochemical events in regard to the metabolic derangements in cardiomyocyte leading to AF, especially with respect to structural, contractile, and electrophysiological properties. In addition, the article critically reviews the current understanding, potential demerits, and translational strategies in the management of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Brown
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | | | - Finosh G Thankam
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
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42
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Patterson AJ, Song MA, Choe D, Xiao D, Foster G, Zhang L. Early Detection of Coronary Artery Disease by Micro-RNA Analysis in Asymptomatic Patients Stratified by Coronary CT Angiography. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110875. [PMID: 33126452 PMCID: PMC7693112 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) is essential but underdeveloped. The aim of this study was to assess micro-RNA (miRNA) expression profiles in patients with or without CAD as selected by coronary CT angiography (CTA) and stratified by risk of CAD as determined by Framingham Risk Score (FRS). In this pilot study, patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of CAD. Disease status was determined by Coronary CTA by identification of atherosclerosis and/or calcified plaque in coronary arteries. There were 16 control subjects and 16 subjects with documented CAD. Groups were then subdivided based on FRS. Pathway-specific microarray profiling of 86 genes using miRNAs isolated from whole peripheral blood was analyzed. MiRNA were differentially expressed in patients with and without CAD and who were stratified on the basis of FRS with miRNA associated with endothelial function, cardiomyocyte protection and inflammatory response (hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-210-3p, hsa-miR-29b-3p, hsa-miR-7-5p and hsa-miR-99a-5p) consistently upregulated by greater than twofold in groups with CAD. The present study reveals that miRNA expression patterns in whole blood as selected on the basis of coronary CTA and risk scores vary significantly depending on the subject phenotype. Thus, profiling miRNA may improve early detection of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Patterson
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (M.A.S.); (D.X.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Minwoo A. Song
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (M.A.S.); (D.X.)
| | - David Choe
- Division of Cardiology Jerry L Pettis Memorial Veterans Hospital, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (D.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (M.A.S.); (D.X.)
| | - Gary Foster
- Division of Cardiology Jerry L Pettis Memorial Veterans Hospital, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (D.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (M.A.S.); (D.X.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.P.); (L.Z.)
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43
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Lu Q, Guo P, Guo J, Ares I, Lopez-Torres B, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Martínez MA. Targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: A new strategy for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 219:107702. [PMID: 33022300 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a pathogenic factor of many cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which seriously affects people's life, and health and causes huge economic losses. Increasing evidence has shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) can regulate the progression of cardiac fibrosis. For the first time, this review systematically summarizes the literature on cardiac fibrosis from the perspective of PPARs from 2010 to 2020. Moreover, the role of each PPARs in cardiac fibrosis was clarified in this scientific revision from the perspectives of pharmacologically active substances, known agonists, natural extract compounds, and nucleic-acid-based drugs in different CVD models. Furthermore, the combination of multiple PPARs on the treatment of cardiac fibrosis is discussed. This scientific review provides new ideas for targeting PPARs in the treatment of cardiac fibrosis and provides strategies for the development of new, safe, and effective pharmacological antagonists against cardiac fibrosis based on PPAR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Lu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Pu Guo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jingchao Guo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernardo Lopez-Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Small RNAs (sRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), are noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecules involved in gene regulation. sRNAs play important roles in development; however, their significance in nutritional control and as metabolic modulators is still emerging. The mechanisms by which diet impacts metabolic genes through miRNAs remain an important area of inquiry. Recent work has established how miRNAs are transported in body fluids often within exosomes, which are small cell-derived vesicles that function in intercellular communication. The abundance of other recently identified ncRNAs and new insights regarding ncRNAs as dietary bioactive compounds could remodel our understanding about how foods impact gene expression. Although controversial, some groups have shown that dietary RNAs from plants and animals (i.e., milk) are functional in consumers. In the future, regulating sRNAs either directly through dietary delivery or indirectly by altered expression of endogenous sRNA may be part of nutritional interventions for regulating metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M McNeill
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Kendal D Hirschi
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human and Molecular Genetics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA;
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45
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Saw PE, Xu X, Chen J, Song EW. Non-coding RNAs: the new central dogma of cancer biology. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 64:22-50. [PMID: 32930921 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The central dogma of molecular biology states that the functions of RNA revolve around protein translation. Until the last decade, most researches were geared towards characterization of RNAs as intermediaries in protein translation, namely, messenger RNAs (mRNAs) as temporary copies of genetic information, ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) as a main component of ribosome, or translators of codon sequence (tRNAs). The statistical reality, however, is that these processes account for less than 2% of the genome, and insufficiently explain the functionality of 98% of transcribed RNAs. Recent discoveries have unveiled thousands of unique non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and shifted the perception of them from being "junk" transcriptional products to "yet to be elucidated"-and potentially monumentally important-RNAs. Most ncRNAs are now known as key regulators in various networks in which they could lead to specific cellular responses and fates. In major cancers, ncRNAs have been identified as both oncogenic drivers and tumor suppressors, indicating a complex regulatory network among these ncRNAs. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the various ncRNAs and their functional roles in cancer, and the pre-clinical and clinical development of ncRNA-based therapeutics. A deeper understanding of ncRNAs could facilitate better design of personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phei Er Saw
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaoding Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jianing Chen
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Er-Wei Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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46
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Design of a small molecule that stimulates vascular endothelial growth factor A enabled by screening RNA fold-small molecule interactions. Nat Chem 2020; 12:952-961. [PMID: 32839603 PMCID: PMC7571259 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0514-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) stimulates angiogenesis in human endothelial cells, and increasing its expression is a potential treatment for heart failure. Here, we report the design of a small molecule (TGP-377) that specifically and potently enhances VEGFA expression by the targeting of a non-coding microRNA that regulates its expression. A selection-based screen, named two-dimensional combinatorial screening, revealed preferences in small-molecule chemotypes that bind RNA and preferences in the RNA motifs that bind small molecules. The screening program increased the dataset of known RNA motif–small molecule binding partners by 20-fold. Analysis of this dataset against the RNA-mediated pathways that regulate VEGFA defined that the microRNA-377 precursor, which represses Vegfa messenger RNA translation, is druggable in a selective manner. We designed TGP-377 to potently and specifically upregulate VEGFA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These studies illustrate the power of two-dimensional combinatorial screening to define molecular recognition events between ‘undruggable’ biomolecules and small molecules, and the ability of sequence-based design to deliver efficacious structure-specific compounds.
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Hu Q, Yuan Y, Wu Y, Huang Y, Zhao Z, Xiao C. MicroRNA‑137 exerts protective effects on hypoxia‑induced cell injury by inhibiting autophagy/mitophagy and maintaining mitochondrial function in breast cancer stem‑like cells. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1627-1637. [PMID: 32945512 PMCID: PMC7448477 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem‑like cells (BCSCs) have been identified and proven to play critical roles in tumorigenesis and progression. Hypoxia is a common pathologic feature of breast cancer and potentially, at least in part, regulates the initiation, progression, and recurrence of breast cancer. However, less is known about how hypoxia regulates BCSCs. As several well‑known microRNAs respond to hypoxia, we aimed to determine how hypoxia regulates the physiological processes of BCSCs by regulating the corresponding microRNAs. As expected, microRNA‑137 (miRNA‑137 or miR‑137) was downregulated upon hypoxic exposure, indicating that it may play critical roles in BCSCs. Introduction of miR‑137 mimics promoted cell cycle entry and inhibited hypoxia‑induced cell apoptosis as determined by cell cycle assay and apoptosis assay. By detecting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), it was found that miR‑137 inhibited ROS accumulation induced by hypoxic exposure and thus suppressed cell apoptosis. Introduction of miR‑137 mimics under hypoxia inhibited mitophagy/autophagy by targeting FUN14 domain containing 1 (Fundc1) and thus promoted mitochondrial functions, including mitochondrial mass, ATP synthesis and mitochondrial transcriptional activity, which was similar to the effects of Fundc1 knockdown by specific siRNA. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that the survival of BCSCs under hypoxia was mediated by miR‑137 by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction. We demonstrated here that the introduction of exogenous miR‑137 promoted mitochondrial function, indicating that it may be a potential therapeutic target in BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongying Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yun Yuan
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yeke Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yongliang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Chong Xiao
- Teaching and Research Office of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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Feng S, Ma J, Long K, Zhang J, Qiu W, Li Y, Jin L, Wang X, Jiang A, Liu L, Xiao W, Li X, Tang Q, Li M. Comparative microRNA Transcriptomes in Domestic Goats Reveal Acclimatization to High Altitude. Front Genet 2020; 11:809. [PMID: 32849809 PMCID: PMC7411263 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
High-altitude acclimatization is a representative example of vertebrates' acclimatization to harsh and extreme environments. Previous studies reported sufficient evidence for a molecular genetic basis of high-altitude acclimatization, and genomic patterns of genetic variation among populations and species have been widely elucidated in recent years. However, understanding of the miRNA role in high-altitude acclimatization have lagged behind, especially in non-model species. To investigate miRNA expression alterations of goats that were induced by high-altitude stress, we performed comparative miRNA transcriptome analysis on six hypoxia-sensitive tissues (heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, and spleen) in two goat populations from distinct altitudes (600 and 3000 m). We obtained the expression value of 1391 mature miRNAs and identified 138 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs between high and low altitudes. Combined with tissue specificity analysis, we illustrated alterations of expression levels among altitudes and tissues, and found that there were coexisting tissue-specific and -conserved mechanisms for hypoxia acclimatization. Notably, the interplay between DE miRNA and DE target genes strongly indicated post-transcriptional regulation in the hypoxia inducible factor 1, insulin, and p53 signaling pathways, which might play significant roles in high-altitude acclimatization in domestic goats. It's also worth noting that we experimentally confirmed miR-106a-5p to have a negative regulation effect on angiogenesis by directly targeting FLT-1. These results provide insight into the complicated miRNA expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms of high-altitude acclimatization in domestic goats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qianzi Tang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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49
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Houzelle A, Dahlmans D, Nascimento EBM, Schaart G, Jörgensen JA, Moonen-Kornips E, Kersten S, Wang X, Hoeks J. MicroRNA-204-5p modulates mitochondrial biogenesis in C2C12 myotubes and associates with oxidative capacity in humans. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9851-9863. [PMID: 32452584 PMCID: PMC7586823 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Using an unbiased high‐throughput microRNA (miRNA)‐silencing screen combined with functional readouts for mitochondrial oxidative capacity in C2C12 myocytes, we previously identified 19 miRNAs as putative regulators of skeletal muscle mitochondrial metabolism. In the current study, we highlight miRNA‐204‐5p, identified from this screen, and further studied its role in the regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. Following silencing of miRNA‐204‐5p in C2C12 myotubes, gene and protein expression were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, microarray analysis, and western blot analysis, while morphological changes were studied by confocal microscopy. In addition, miRNA‐204‐5p expression was quantified in human skeletal muscle biopsies and associated with in vivo mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Transcript levels of PGC‐1α (3.71‐fold; p < .01), predicted as an miR‐204‐5p target, as well as mitochondrial DNA copy number (p < .05) and citrate synthase activity (p = .06) were increased upon miRNA‐204‐5p silencing in C2C12 myotubes. Silencing of miRNA‐204‐5p further resulted in morphological changes, induced gene expression of autophagy marker light chain 3 protein b (LC3B; q = .05), and reduced expression of the mitophagy marker FUNDC1 (q = .01). Confocal imaging revealed colocalization between the autophagosome marker LC3B and the mitochondrial marker OxPhos upon miRNA‐204‐5p silencing. Finally, miRNA‐204‐5p was differentially expressed in human subjects displaying large variation in oxidative capacity and its expression levels associated with in vivo measures of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. In summary, silencing of miRNA‐204‐5p in C2C12 myotubes stimulated mitochondrial biogenesis, impacted on cellular morphology, and altered expression of markers related to autophagy and mitophagy. The association between miRNA‐204‐5p and in vivo mitochondrial function in human skeletal muscle further identifies miRNA‐204‐5p as an interesting modulator of skeletal muscle mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Houzelle
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Dahlmans
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Emmani B M Nascimento
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna A Jörgensen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Moonen-Kornips
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kersten
- Division of Human Nutrition, Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xu Wang
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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50
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da Silva Diniz WJ, Banerjee P, Mazzoni G, Coutinho LL, Cesar ASM, Afonso J, Gromboni CF, Nogueira ARA, Kadarmideen HN, de Almeida Regitano LC. Interplay among miR-29 family, mineral metabolism, and gene regulation in Bos indicus muscle. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 295:1113-1127. [PMID: 32444960 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01683-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An interplay between gene expression, mineral concentration, and beef quality traits in Bos indicus muscle has been reported previously under a network approach. However, growing evidence suggested that miRNAs not only modulate gene expression but are also involved with mineral homeostasis. To our knowledge, understanding of the miRNA-gene expression-mineral concentration relationship in mammals is still minimal. Therefore, we carried out a miRNA co-expression and multi-level miRNA-mRNA integration analyses to predict the putative drivers (miRNAs and genes) associated with muscle mineral concentration in Nelore steers. In this study, we identified calcium and iron to be the pivotal minerals associated with miRNAs and gene targets. Furthermore, we identified the miR-29 family (miR-29a, -29b, -29c, -29d-3p, and -29e) as the putative key regulators modulating mineral homeostasis. The miR-29 family targets genes involved with AMPK, insulin, mTOR, and thyroid hormone signaling pathways. Finally, we reported an interplay between miRNAs and minerals acting cooperatively to modulate co-expressed genes and signaling pathways both involved with mineral and energy homeostasis in Nelore muscle. Although we provided some evidence to understand this complex relationship, future work should determine the functional implications of minerals for miRNA levels and their feedback regulation system.\\An interplay between gene expression, mineral concentration, and beef quality traits in Bos indicus muscle has been reported previously under a network approach. However, growing evidence suggested that miRNAs not only modulate gene expression but are also involved with mineral homeostasis. To our knowledge, understanding of the miRNA-gene expression-mineral concentration relationship in mammals is still minimal. Therefore, we carried out a miRNA co-expression and multi-level miRNA-mRNA integration analyses to predict the putative drivers (miRNAs and genes) associated with muscle mineral concentration in Nelore steers. In this study, we identified calcium and iron to be the pivotal minerals associated with miRNAs and gene targets. Furthermore, we identified the miR-29 family (miR-29a, -29b, -29c, -29d-3p, and -29e) as the putative key regulators modulating mineral homeostasis. The miR-29 family targets genes involved with AMPK, insulin, mTOR, and thyroid hormone signaling pathways. Finally, we reported an interplay between miRNAs and minerals acting cooperatively to modulate co-expressed genes and signaling pathways both involved with mineral and energy homeostasis in Nelore muscle. Although we provided some evidence to understand this complex relationship, future work should determine the functional implications of minerals for miRNA levels and their feedback regulation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellison Jarles da Silva Diniz
- Graduate Program in Evolutionary Genetics and Molecular Biology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences (CCBS), Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Priyanka Banerjee
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gianluca Mazzoni
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
- Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Mello Cesar
- Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Afonso
- Graduate Program in Evolutionary Genetics and Molecular Biology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences (CCBS), Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Fernando Gromboni
- IFBA, Bahia Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology, Campus Ilhéus, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita Araújo Nogueira
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Haja N Kadarmideen
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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