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Ray R, Nait Mohamed FA, Maurer DP, Huang J, Alpay BA, Ronsard L, Xie Z, Han J, Fernandez-Quintero M, Phan QA, Ursin RL, Vu M, Kirsch KH, Prum T, Rosado VC, Bracamonte-Moreno T, Okonkwo V, Bals J, McCarthy C, Nair U, Kanekiyo M, Ward AB, Schmidt AG, Batista FD, Lingwood D. Eliciting a single amino acid change by vaccination generates antibody protection against group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses. Immunity 2024; 57:1141-1159.e11. [PMID: 38670113 PMCID: PMC11096021 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting the hemagglutinin (HA) stem of influenza A viruses (IAVs) tend to be effective against either group 1 or group 2 viral diversity. In rarer cases, intergroup protective bnAbs can be generated by human antibody paratopes that accommodate the conserved glycan differences between the group 1 and group 2 stems. We applied germline-engaging nanoparticle immunogens to elicit a class of cross-group bnAbs from physiological precursor frequency within a humanized mouse model. Cross-group protection depended on the presence of the human bnAb precursors within the B cell repertoire, and the vaccine-expanded antibodies enriched for an N55T substitution in the CDRH2 loop, a hallmark of the bnAb class. Structurally, this single mutation introduced a flexible fulcrum to accommodate glycosylation differences and could alone enable cross-group protection. Thus, broad IAV immunity can be expanded from the germline repertoire via minimal antigenic input and an exceptionally simple antibody development pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Ray
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Faez Amokrane Nait Mohamed
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Daniel P Maurer
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jiachen Huang
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Berk A Alpay
- Systems, Synthetic, and Quantitative Biology Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Larance Ronsard
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zhenfei Xie
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Julianna Han
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Monica Fernandez-Quintero
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82/III, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Quynh Anh Phan
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rebecca L Ursin
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mya Vu
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kathrin H Kirsch
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Thavaleak Prum
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Victoria C Rosado
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Thalia Bracamonte-Moreno
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Vintus Okonkwo
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Julia Bals
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Caitlin McCarthy
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Usha Nair
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Aaron G Schmidt
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Facundo D Batista
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Daniel Lingwood
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Zhang H, Li Z, Zhang H, Guo Y, Zhang X, Zhang L, Yang L, Li S, Li C, Cui D, Xie R, Li Y, Huang J. Recombinant hemagglutinin displaying on yeast reshapes congenital lymphocyte subsets to prompt optimized systemic immune protection against avian influenza infection. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1153922. [PMID: 37323887 PMCID: PMC10264594 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1153922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prophylactic vaccination is regarded as the most effective means to control avian flu infection. Currently, there is a need for a universal vaccine that provides broad and long-lasting protection against influenza virus. Meanwhile, although yeast-based vaccines have been used in clinic, studies are still required to further understand the molecular mechanism of yeast-based vaccines under physiological conditions. Methods We generated a yeast-based vaccine against influenza hemagglutinin (HA) of H5, H7 and H9 using surface displaying technology and evaluated the protective efficacy of chickens after exposure to H9N2 influenza virus. Results Oral yeast vaccine provided less clinical syndrome, reduced viral loading and alleviated airway damage significantly. Compared to the commercial inactivated vaccine, yeast vaccine stimulated the activation of splenic NK and APCs cells and boosted TLR7-IRF7-IFN signaling in spleen. Meanwhile, γδ T cells in the bursa of Fabricius were activated and the innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in the bursa of Fabricius promoted the CILPs to differentiate to ILC3 cells in oral yeast birds. Moreover, the reshaped gut microbiota and a suppressed Th17-IL17-mediated inflammation in intestine was observed in oral yeast chickens, which might facilitate the recovery of intestinal mucosal immunity upon virus infection. Collectively, our findings suggest that oral yeast based multivalent bird flu vaccines provide an attractive strategy to update host defense function via reshapes of multi-systemic immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zexing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huixia Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanyu Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lilin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shujun Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Changyan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Daqing Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruyu Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhai Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Collatuzzo G, Lodi V, Feola D, De Palma G, Sansone E, Sala E, Janke C, Castelletti N, Porru S, Spiteri G, Monaco MGL, Larese Filon F, Negro C, Cegolon L, Beresova J, Fabianova E, Carrasco-Ribelles LA, Toràn-Monserrat P, Rodriguez-Suarez MM, Fernandez-Tardon G, Asafo SS, Ditano G, Abedini M, Boffetta P. Determinants of Anti-S Immune Response at 9 Months after COVID-19 Vaccination in a Multicentric European Cohort of Healthcare Workers-ORCHESTRA Project. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122657. [PMID: 36560660 PMCID: PMC9781450 DOI: 10.3390/v14122657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The persistence of antibody levels after COVID-19 vaccination has public health relevance. We analyzed the determinants of quantitative serology at 9 months after vaccination in a multicenter cohort. Methods: We analyzed data on anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody levels at 9 months from the first dose of vaccinated HCW from eight centers in Italy, Germany, Spain, Romania and Slovakia. Serological levels were log-transformed to account for the skewness of the distribution and normalized by dividing them by center-specific standard errors. We fitted center-specific multivariate regression models to estimate the cohort-specific relative risks (RR) of an increase of one standard deviation of log antibody level and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI), and combined them in random-effects meta-analyses. Finally, we conducted a trend analysis of 1 to 7 months' serology within one cohort. Results: We included 20,216 HCW with up to two vaccine doses and showed that high antibody levels were associated with female sex (p = 0.01), age (RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.86-0.88 per 10-year increase), 10-day increase in time since last vaccine (RR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.97-0.98), previous infection (3.03, 95% CI = 2.92-3.13), two vaccine doses (RR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.09-1.36), use of Spikevax (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.39-1.64), Vaxzevria (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.44-0.73) or heterologous vaccination (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.12-1.57), compared to Comirnaty. The trend in the Bologna cohort, based on 3979 measurements, showed a decrease in mean standardized antibody level from 8.17 to 7.06 (1-7 months, p for trend 0.005). Conclusions: Our findings corroborate current knowledge on the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity and declining trend with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lodi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Feola
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Sansone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Emma Sala
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Christian Janke
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU Klinikum, 80331 Munich, Germany
| | - Noemi Castelletti
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU Klinikum, 80331 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefano Porru
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Spiteri
- Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Corrado Negro
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, 34121 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Cegolon
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, 34121 Trieste, Italy
| | - Jana Beresova
- Epidemiology Department, Regional Authority of Public Health, 97401 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Eleonora Fabianova
- Occupational Health Department, Regional Authority of Public Health, 97401 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Lucia A. Carrasco-Ribelles
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, 08302 Mataró, Spain
| | - Pere Toràn-Monserrat
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, 08302 Mataró, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, 08911 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, 17001 Girona, Spain
- Multidisciplinary Research Group in Health and Society, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Maria Rodriguez-Suarez
- Health Research Institute of Asturias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 33001 Oviedo, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Oviedo, 33001 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon
- Health Research Institute of Asturias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 33001 Oviedo, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Oviedo, 33001 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Shuffield S. Asafo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ditano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mahsa Abedini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 10041, USA
- Correspondence:
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Collatuzzo G, Visci G, Violante FS, Porru S, Spiteri G, Monaco MGL, Larese Fillon F, Negro C, Janke C, Castelletti N, De Palma G, Sansone E, Mates D, Teodorescu S, Fabiánová E, Bérešová J, Vimercati L, Tafuri S, Abedini M, Ditano G, Asafo SS, Boffetta P. Determinants of anti-S immune response at 6 months after COVID-19 vaccination in a multicentric European cohort of healthcare workers – ORCHESTRA project. Front Immunol 2022; 13:986085. [PMID: 36248889 PMCID: PMC9559243 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.986085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe duration of immune response to COVID-19 vaccination is of major interest. Our aim was to analyze the determinants of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titer at 6 months after 2-dose vaccination in an international cohort of vaccinated healthcare workers (HCWs).MethodsWe analyzed data on levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibodies and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 6,327 vaccinated HCWs from 8 centers from Germany, Italy, Romania and Slovakia. Time between 1st dose and serology ranged 150-210 days. Serological levels were log-transformed to account for the skewness of the distribution and normalized by dividing them by center-specific standard errors, obtaining standardized values. We fitted center-specific multivariate regression models to estimate the cohort-specific relative risks (RR) of an increase of 1 standard deviation of log antibody level and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI), and finally combined them in random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsA 6-month serological response was detected in 99.6% of HCWs. Female sex (RR 1.10, 95%CI 1.00-1.21), past infection (RR 2.26, 95%CI 1.73-2.95) and two vaccine doses (RR 1.50, 95%CI 1.22-1.84) predicted higher IgG titer, contrary to interval since last dose (RR for 10-day increase 0.94, 95%CI 0.91-0.97) and age (RR for 10-year increase 0.87, 95%CI 0.83-0.92). M-RNA-based vaccines (p<0.001) and heterologous vaccination (RR 2.46, 95%CI 1.87-3.24, one cohort) were associated with increased antibody levels.ConclusionsFemale gender, young age, past infection, two vaccine doses, and m-RNA and heterologous vaccination predicted higher antibody level at 6 months. These results corroborate previous findings and offer valuable data for comparison with trends observed with longer follow-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Visci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Porru
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Spiteri
- Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Corrado Negro
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Janke
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Noemi Castelletti
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Sansone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Eleonóra Fabiánová
- Occupational Health Department, Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Jana Bérešová
- Epidemiology Department, Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Luigi Vimercati
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvio Tafuri
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Mahsa Abedini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ditano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Shuffield S. Asafo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Paolo Boffetta,
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Tsybalova LM, Stepanova LA, Ramsay ES, Vasin AV. Influenza B: Prospects for the Development of Cross-Protective Vaccines. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061323. [PMID: 35746794 PMCID: PMC9228933 DOI: 10.3390/v14061323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we analyze the epidemiological and ecological features of influenza B, one of the most common and severe respiratory infections. The review presents various strategies for cross-protective influenza B vaccine development, including recombinant viruses, virus-like particles, and recombinant proteins. We provide an overview of viral proteins as cross-protective vaccine targets, along with other updated broadly protective vaccine strategies. The importance of developing such vaccines lies not only in influenza B prevention, but also in the very attractive prospect of eradicating the influenza B virus in the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila M. Tsybalova
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Prof. Popova Str., 15/17, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (L.A.S.); (E.S.R.); or (A.V.V.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Liudmila A. Stepanova
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Prof. Popova Str., 15/17, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (L.A.S.); (E.S.R.); or (A.V.V.)
| | - Edward S. Ramsay
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Prof. Popova Str., 15/17, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (L.A.S.); (E.S.R.); or (A.V.V.)
| | - Andrey V. Vasin
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Prof. Popova Str., 15/17, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (L.A.S.); (E.S.R.); or (A.V.V.)
- Research Institute of Influenza named after A.A. Smorodintsev, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya, 29, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Abed Elhadi Shahbari N, Gesser-Edelsburg A, Davidovitch N, Brammli-Greenberg S, Mesch GS. Risk perceptions regarding inclusion of seasonal influenza vaccinations in the school immunization program in Israel: Arab vs. Jewish mothers. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267279. [PMID: 35436312 PMCID: PMC9015128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The issue of whether to include seasonal influenza vaccinations in school-located vaccination programs (SLIV) has been examined in many countries, mainly in the context of economic effectiveness and morbidity prevention. Yet not enough studies have examined the impact of parental risk perceptions, health literacy and SLIV on parental vaccination uptake. Objectives The most recent statistics in Israel point to a higher rate of seasonal influenza vaccination among Arab children (aged 7–9 years) than among Jewish children in the same age group. The present study attempts to explain this high vaccination uptake among mothers from Arab society by comparing their risk perceptions regarding seasonal influenza vaccination and disease to those of Jewish mothers. The study further examines the impact of SLIV on parental risk perceptions and influenza vaccination uptake. Methods This cross-sectional study included mothers of children in the second and third grades faced with the decision of whether their children should receive the seasonal influenza vaccination at school. The study population included a stratified sample of Jewish mothers (n = 159) and Arab mothers from all the Arab population sub-groups: Muslim, Christian, Druse and Bedouin (n = 534). Results A comparison of the Arab and Jewish populations revealed a significant difference in vaccination rates; 61.7% among Arab mothers compared to 33.5% among Jewish mothers (χ2(1) = 39.15, P<0.0001). Moreover, significant differences emerged between the Arab and Jewish populations in health literacy and ability to seek information regarding the seasonal influenza vaccination (t (691) = -5.81, p < 0.0001). While no differences emerged in mothers’ perceptions regarding influenza as a disease (t (691) = 1.20, p = 0.2318), Arab mothers perceived the vaccination to be safer than Jewish mothers (t (691) = 2.74, p = 0.0063) and saw its inclusion in the school-located vaccination program as providing more legitimacy (Z = -6.6719, P < .0001). Conclusion This study showed that the factors influencing vaccination uptake among both the Arab and the Jewish populations include perceived influenza risk, perceived vaccination risk, inclusion in the school-located vaccination program and health literacy. Moreover, influenza vaccination uptake is higher among those who have positive attitudes toward vaccinations, low risk perceptions regarding the vaccine, and low health literacy that impedes their ability to seek information. The research also points to the need for education and tools to boost health literacy among minority groups so that mothers can make independent and informed decisions about whether or not to vaccinate their children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anat Gesser-Edelsburg
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Health and Risk Communication Lab, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nadav Davidovitch
- Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of The Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Shuli Brammli-Greenberg
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gustavo S. Mesch
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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7
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Sun X, Ling Z, Yang Z, Sun B. Broad neutralizing antibody-based strategies to tackle influenza. Curr Opin Virol 2022; 53:101207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2022.101207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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8
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Hernandez-Davies JE, Felgner J, Strohmeier S, Pone EJ, Jain A, Jan S, Nakajima R, Jasinskas A, Strahsburger E, Krammer F, Felgner PL, Davies DH. Administration of Multivalent Influenza Virus Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccine in Combination-Adjuvant Elicits Broad Reactivity Beyond the Vaccine Components. Front Immunol 2021; 12:692151. [PMID: 34335601 PMCID: PMC8318558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.692151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining variant antigens into a multivalent vaccine is a traditional approach used to provide broad coverage against antigenically variable pathogens, such as polio, human papilloma and influenza viruses. However, strategies for increasing the breadth of antibody coverage beyond the vaccine are not well understood, but may provide more anticipatory protection. Influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a prototypic variant antigen. Vaccines that induce HA-specific neutralizing antibodies lose efficacy as amino acid substitutions accumulate in neutralizing epitopes during influenza virus evolution. Here we studied the effect of a potent combination adjuvant (CpG/MPLA/squalene-in-water emulsion) on the breadth and maturation of the antibody response to a representative variant of HA subtypes H1, H5 and H7. Using HA protein microarrays and antigen-specific B cell labelling, we show when administered individually, each HA elicits a cross-reactive antibody profile for multiple variants within the same subtype and other closely-related subtypes (homosubtypic and heterosubtypic cross-reactivity, respectively). Despite a capacity for each subtype to induce heterosubtypic cross-reactivity, broader coverage was elicited by simply combining the subtypes into a multivalent vaccine. Importantly, multiplexing did not compromise antibody avidity or affinity maturation to the individual HA constituents. The use of adjuvants to increase the breadth of antibody coverage beyond the vaccine antigens may help future-proof vaccines against newly-emerging variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny E. Hernandez-Davies
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jiin Felgner
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shirin Strohmeier
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Egest James Pone
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Aarti Jain
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Sharon Jan
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Rie Nakajima
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Algimantas Jasinskas
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Erwin Strahsburger
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Philip L. Felgner
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - D. Huw Davies
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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9
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Chuang GY, Shen CH, Cheung CSF, Gorman J, Creanga A, Joyce MG, Leung K, Rawi R, Wang L, Yang ES, Yang Y, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Kanekiyo M, Zhou T, DeKosky BJ, Graham BS, Mascola JR, Kwong PD. Sequence-Signature Optimization Enables Improved Identification of Human HV6-1-Derived Class Antibodies That Neutralize Diverse Influenza A Viruses. Front Immunol 2021; 12:662909. [PMID: 34135892 PMCID: PMC8201785 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.662909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequence signatures of multidonor broadly neutralizing influenza antibodies can be used to quantify the prevalence of B cells with virus-neutralizing potential to accelerate development of broadly protective vaccine strategies. Antibodies of the same class share similar recognition modes and developmental pathways, and several antibody classes have been identified that neutralize diverse group 1- and group 2-influenza A viruses and have been observed in multiple human donors. One such multidonor antibody class, the HV6-1-derived class, targets the stem region of hemagglutinin with extraordinary neutralization breadth. Here, we use an iterative process to combine informatics, biochemical, and structural analyses to delineate an improved sequence signature for HV6-1-class antibodies. Based on sequence and structure analyses of known HV6-1 class antibodies, we derived a more inclusive signature (version 1), which we used to search for matching B-cell transcripts from published next-generation sequencing datasets of influenza vaccination studies. We expressed selected antibodies, evaluated their function, and identified amino acid-level requirements from which to refine the sequence signature (version 2). The cryo-electron microscopy structure for one of the signature-identified antibodies in complex with hemagglutinin confirmed motif recognition to be similar to known HV6-1-class members, MEDI8852 and 56.a.09, despite differences in recognition-loop length. Threading indicated the refined signature to have increased accuracy, and signature-identified heavy chains, when paired with the light chain of MEDI8852, showed neutralization comparable to the most potent members of the class. Incorporating sequences of additional class members thus enables an improved sequence signature for HV6-1-class antibodies, which can identify class members with increased accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwo-Yu Chuang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Chen-Hsiang Shen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Crystal Sao-Fong Cheung
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jason Gorman
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Adrian Creanga
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - M Gordon Joyce
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kwanyee Leung
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Reda Rawi
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Eun Sung Yang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yongping Yang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Baoshan Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tongqing Zhou
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brandon J DeKosky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Peter D Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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10
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Lu G, Shan S, Zainab B, Ayaz Z, He J, Xie Z, Rashid U, Zhang D, Mehmood Abbasi A. Novel vaccine design based on genomics data analysis: A review. Scand J Immunol 2021; 93:e12986. [PMID: 33043473 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Modification of pathogenic strains with the passage of time is responsible for evolution in the timeline of vaccine development for last 30 years. Recent advancements in computational vaccinology on the one hand and genome sequencing approaches on the other have generated new hopes in vaccine development. The aim of this review was to discuss the evolution of vaccines, their characteristics and limitations. In this review, we highlighted the evolution of vaccines, from first generation to the current status, pointing out how different vaccines have emerged and different approaches that are being followed up in the development of more rational vaccines against a wide range of diseases. Data were collected using Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge, Scopus and Science Hub, whereas computational tools such as NCBI, GeneMANIA and STRING were used to analyse the pathways of vaccine action. Innovative tools, such as computational tools, recombinant technologies and intra-dermal devices, are currently being investigated in order to improve the immunological response. New technologies enlightened the interactions of host proteins with pathogenic proteins for vaccine candidate development, but still there is a need of integrating transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. Although immunization with genomics data is a successful approach, its advantages must be assessed case by case and its applicability depends on the nature of the agent to be immunized, the nature of the antigen and the type of immune response required to achieve effective protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangli Lu
- Institute of Business, School of Business, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Sharui Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Guangzhou Overseas Chinese Hospital), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bibi Zainab
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Ayaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jialiang He
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhenxing Xie
- Basic School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Dalin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Arshad Mehmood Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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11
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Abstract
B cell subsets differ in development, tissue distribution, and mechanisms of activation. In response to infections, however, all can differentiate into extrafollicular plasmablasts that rapidly provide highly protective antibodies, indicating that these plasmablasts are the main humoral immune response effectors. Yet, the effectiveness of this response type depends on the presence of antigen-specific precursors in the circulating mature B cell pool, a pool that is generated initially through the stochastic processes of B cell receptor assembly. Importantly, germinal centers then mold the repertoire of this B cell pool to be increasingly responsive to pathogens by generating a broad array of antimicrobial memory B cells that act as highly effective precursors of extrafollicular plasmablasts. Such B cell repertoire molding occurs in two ways: continuously via the chronic germinal centers of mucosal lymphoid tissues, driven by the presence of the microbiome, and via de novo generated germinal centers following acute infections. For effectively evaluating humoral immunity as a correlate of immune protection, it might be critical to measure memory B cell pools in addition to antibody titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Baumgarth
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA;
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12
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Owji H, Negahdaripour M, Hajighahramani N. Immunotherapeutic approaches to curtail COVID-19. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106924. [PMID: 32877828 PMCID: PMC7441891 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19, the disease induced by the recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has imposed an unpredictable burden on the world. Drug repurposing has been employed to rapidly find a cure; but despite great efforts, no drug or vaccine is presently available for treating or prevention of COVID-19. Apart from antivirals, immunotherapeutic strategies are suggested considering the role of the immune response as the host defense against the virus, and the fact that SARS-CoV-2 suppresses interferon induction as an immune evasion strategy. Active immunization through vaccines, interferon administration, passive immunotherapy by convalescent plasma or synthesized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, as well as immunomodulatory drugs, are different immunotherapeutic approaches that will be mentioned in this review. The focus would be on passive immunotherapeutic interventions. Interferons might be helpful in some stages. Vaccine development has been followed with unprecedented speed. Some of these vaccines have been advanced to human clinical trials. Convalescent plasma therapy is already practiced in many countries to help save the lives of severely ill patients. Different antibodies that target various steps of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis or the associated immune responses are also proposed. For treating the cytokine storm induced at a late stage of the disease in some patients, immune modulation through JAK inhibitors, corticosteroids, and some other cognate classes are evaluated. Given the changing pattern of cytokine induction and immune responses throughout the COVID-19 disease course, different adapted approaches are needed to help patients. Gaining more knowledge about the detailed pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, its interplay with the immune system, and viral-mediated responses are crucial to identify efficient preventive and therapeutic approaches. A systemic approach seems essential in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Owji
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Nasim Hajighahramani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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13
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Amitai A, Sangesland M, Barnes RM, Rohrer D, Lonberg N, Lingwood D, Chakraborty AK. Defining and Manipulating B Cell Immunodominance Hierarchies to Elicit Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Responses against Influenza Virus. Cell Syst 2020; 11:573-588.e9. [PMID: 33031741 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The antibody repertoire possesses near-limitless diversity, enabling the adaptive immune system to accommodate essentially any antigen. However, this diversity explores the antigenic space unequally, allowing some pathogens like influenza virus to impose complex immunodominance hierarchies that distract antibody responses away from key sites of virus vulnerability. We developed a computational model of affinity maturation to map the patterns of immunodominance that evolve upon immunization with natural and engineered displays of hemagglutinin (HA), the influenza vaccine antigen. Based on this knowledge, we designed immunization protocols that subvert immune distraction and focus serum antibody responses upon a functionally conserved, but immunologically recessive, target of human broadly neutralizing antibodies. We tested in silico predictions by vaccinating transgenic mice in which antibody diversity was humanized to mirror clinically relevant humoral output. Collectively, our results demonstrate that complex patterns in antibody immunogenicity can be rationally defined and then manipulated to elicit engineered immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Amitai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Maya Sangesland
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ralston M Barnes
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Rd, Redwood City, CA 94063-2478, USA
| | - Daniel Rohrer
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Rd, Redwood City, CA 94063-2478, USA
| | - Nils Lonberg
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Rd, Redwood City, CA 94063-2478, USA
| | - Daniel Lingwood
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Arup K Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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14
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Recent advances in "universal" influenza virus antibodies: the rise of a hidden trimeric interface in hemagglutinin globular head. Front Med 2020; 14:149-159. [PMID: 32239416 PMCID: PMC7110985 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0764-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Influenza causes seasonal outbreaks yearly and unpredictable pandemics with high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite significant efforts to address influenza, it remains a major threat to human public health. This issue is partially due to the lack of antiviral drugs with potent antiviral activity and broad reactivity against all influenza virus strains and the rapid emergence of drug-resistant variants. Moreover, designing a universal influenza vaccine that is sufficiently immunogenic to induce universal antibodies is difficult. Some novel epitopes hidden in the hemagglutinin (HA) trimeric interface have been discovered recently, and a number of antibodies targeting these epitopes have been found to be capable of neutralizing a broad range of influenza isolates. These findings may have important implications for the development of universal influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs. In this review, we focused on the antibodies targeting these newly discovered epitopes in the HA domain of the influenza virus to promote the development of universal anti-influenza antibodies or vaccines and extend the discovery to other viruses with similar conformational changes in envelope proteins.
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15
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Restrained expansion of the recall germinal center response as biomarker of protection for influenza vaccination in mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225063. [PMID: 31725776 PMCID: PMC6855462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Correlates of protection (CoP) are invaluable for iterative vaccine design studies, especially in pursuit of complex vaccines such as a universal influenza vaccine (UFV) where a single antigen is optimized to elicit broad protection against many viral antigenic variants. Since broadly protective antibodies against influenza virus often exhibit mutational evidence of prolonged diversification, we studied germinal center (GC) kinetics in hemagglutinin (HA) immunized mice. Here we report that as early as 4 days after secondary immunization, the expansion of HA-specific GC B cells inversely correlated to protection against influenza virus challenge, induced by the antigen. In contrast, follicular T helper (TFH) cells did not expand differently after boost vaccination, suggestive of a B-cell intrinsic difference in activation and differentiation inferred by protective antigen properties. Importantly, differences in antigen dose only affected GC B-cell frequencies after primary immunization. The absence of accompanying differences in total anti-HA or epitope-specific antibody levels induced by vaccines of different efficacy suggests that the GC B-cell response upon revaccination represents an early and unique marker of protection that may significantly accelerate the pre-clinical phase of vaccine development.
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16
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Sangesland M, Ronsard L, Kazer SW, Bals J, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Yousif AS, Barnes R, Feldman J, Quirindongo-Crespo M, McTamney PM, Rohrer D, Lonberg N, Chackerian B, Graham BS, Kanekiyo M, Shalek AK, Lingwood D. Germline-Encoded Affinity for Cognate Antigen Enables Vaccine Amplification of a Human Broadly Neutralizing Response against Influenza Virus. Immunity 2019; 51:735-749.e8. [PMID: 31563464 PMCID: PMC6801110 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibody paratopes are formed by hypervariable complementarity-determining regions (CDRH3s) and variable gene-encoded CDRs. The latter show biased usage in human broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against both HIV and influenza virus, suggesting the existence of gene-endowed targeting solutions that may be amenable to pathway amplification. To test this, we generated transgenic mice with human CDRH3 diversity but simultaneously constrained to individual user-defined human immunoglobulin variable heavy-chain (VH) genes, including IGHV1-69, which shows biased usage in human bnAbs targeting the hemagglutinin stalk of group 1 influenza A viruses. Sequential immunization with a stalk-only hemagglutinin nanoparticle elicited group 1 bnAbs, but only in IGHV1-69 mice. This VH-endowed response required minimal affinity maturation, was elicited alongside pre-existing influenza immunity, and when IGHV1-69 B cells were diluted to match the frequency measured in humans. These results indicate that the human repertoire could, in principle, support germline-encoded bnAb elicitation using a single recombinant hemagglutinin immunogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Sangesland
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Larance Ronsard
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Samuel W Kazer
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Julia Bals
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, USA
| | - Ashraf S Yousif
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ralston Barnes
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, CA 94063-2478, USA
| | - Jared Feldman
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel Rohrer
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, CA 94063-2478, USA
| | - Nils Lonberg
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, CA 94063-2478, USA
| | - Bryce Chackerian
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 2425 Camino de Salud, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, USA
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, USA
| | - Alex K Shalek
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Daniel Lingwood
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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17
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Arturo T. Towards dewetting monoclonal antibodies for therapeutical purposes. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 150:153-159. [PMID: 31525385 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dewetting transition - a concept borrowed from fluid mechanics - is a physiological process that takes place inside the hydrophobic pores of ion channels. This transient phenomenon causes a metastable state that forbids water molecules to cross microscopic receptor cavities. This leads to a decreased conductance, a closure of the pore and, subsequently, severe impairment of cellular performance. We suggest that artificially-provoked dewetting transition in ion channel hydrophobic pores might stand for a molecular candidate to erase detrimental organisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and cancer cells. We describe a novel type of high-affinity monoclonal antibody, that: a) targets specific trans-membrane receptor structures of harmful or redundant cells; b) is equipped with lipophilic and/or hydrophobic fragments that prevent physiological water flow inside ion channels. Therefore, we achieve an artificial dewetting transition inside receptor cavities, that causes discontinuity within transmembrane ionic flows, channel blockage, and subsequent damage of morbid cells. As an example, we describe dewetting monoclonal antibodies that target the M2 channel of the Influenza A virus: they might prevent water from entering pores thus leading to virion impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tozzi Arturo
- Center for Nonlinear Science, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #311427, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.
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18
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van Dongen MJP, Kadam RU, Juraszek J, Lawson E, Brandenburg B, Schmitz F, Schepens WBG, Stoops B, van Diepen HA, Jongeneelen M, Tang C, Vermond J, van Eijgen-Obregoso Real A, Blokland S, Garg D, Yu W, Goutier W, Lanckacker E, Klap JM, Peeters DCG, Wu J, Buyck C, Jonckers THM, Roymans D, Roevens P, Vogels R, Koudstaal W, Friesen RHE, Raboisson P, Dhanak D, Goudsmit J, Wilson IA. A small-molecule fusion inhibitor of influenza virus is orally active in mice. Science 2019; 363:363/6431/eaar6221. [PMID: 30846569 DOI: 10.1126/science.aar6221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent characterization of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against influenza virus identified the conserved hemagglutinin (HA) stem as a target for development of universal vaccines and therapeutics. Although several stem bnAbs are being evaluated in clinical trials, antibodies are generally unsuited for oral delivery. Guided by structural knowledge of the interactions and mechanism of anti-stem bnAb CR6261, we selected and optimized small molecules that mimic the bnAb functionality. Our lead compound neutralizes influenza A group 1 viruses by inhibiting HA-mediated fusion in vitro, protects mice against lethal and sublethal influenza challenge after oral administration, and effectively neutralizes virus infection in reconstituted three-dimensional cell culture of fully differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells. Cocrystal structures with H1 and H5 HAs reveal that the lead compound recapitulates the bnAb hotspot interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J P van Dongen
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands. .,Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Rameshwar U Kadam
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jarek Juraszek
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Edward Lawson
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, 1400 McKean Rd., Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Boerries Brandenburg
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands.,Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Development, Archimedesweg 4-6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Frederike Schmitz
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Wim B G Schepens
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Bart Stoops
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Harry A van Diepen
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mandy Jongeneelen
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands.,Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Development, Archimedesweg 4-6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Chan Tang
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands.,Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Development, Archimedesweg 4-6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jan Vermond
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Sven Blokland
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands.,Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Development, Archimedesweg 4-6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Divita Garg
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wenli Yu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wouter Goutier
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ellen Lanckacker
- Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Discovery, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jaco M Klap
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle C G Peeters
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jin Wu
- Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Discovery, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Christophe Buyck
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Tim H M Jonckers
- Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Discovery, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Dirk Roymans
- Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Discovery, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Peter Roevens
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ronald Vogels
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands.,Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Development, Archimedesweg 4-6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Wouter Koudstaal
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Robert H E Friesen
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Pierre Raboisson
- Janssen Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen Research & Discovery, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Dashyant Dhanak
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium.,Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, 1400 McKean Rd., Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Jaap Goudsmit
- Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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19
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Nyanguile O. Peptide Antiviral Strategies as an Alternative to Treat Lower Respiratory Viral Infections. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1366. [PMID: 31293570 PMCID: PMC6598224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower respiratory infection caused by human pathogens such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant healthcare burden that must be addressed. The preferred options to achieve this goal are usually to develop vaccines for prophylaxis and to develop antiviral small molecules to treat infected patients with convenient, orally administrable drugs. However, developing a vaccine against RSV poses special challenges with the diminished immune system of infants and the elderly, and finding a universal flu vaccine is difficult because the product must target a large array of viral strains. On the other hand, the use of small-molecule antivirals can result in the emergence of resistant viruses as it has well-been reported for HIV, influenza, and hepatitis C virus (HCV). This paper reviews peptide antiviral strategies as an alternative to address these challenges. The discovery of influenza and RSV peptidic fusion inhibitors will be discussed and compared to small molecules in view of escape mutations. The importance of constraining peptides into macrocycles to improve both their inhibitory activity and pharmacological properties will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Origène Nyanguile
- HES-SO Valais-Wallis, Institute of Life Technologies, Sion, Switzerland
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20
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Vaccines. Clin Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-6896-6.00090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Protein Microarray Analysis of the Specificity and Cross-Reactivity of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin-Specific Antibodies. mSphere 2018; 3:3/6/e00592-18. [PMID: 30541779 PMCID: PMC6291623 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00592-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Current seasonal influenza virus vaccines engender antibody-mediated protection that is hemagglutinin (HA) subtype specific and relatively short-lived. Coverage for other subtypes or even variants within a subtype could be improved from a better understanding of the factors that promote HA-specific antibody cross-reactivity. Current assays to evaluate cross-reactivity, such as the ELISA, require a separate test for each antigen and are neither high-throughput nor sample-sparing. To address this need, we produced an array of 283 purified HA proteins from influenza A virus subtypes H1 to H16 and H18 and influenza B virus. To evaluate performance, arrays were probed with sera from individuals before and after a booster dose of inactivated heterologous H5N1 vaccine and naturally infected cases at presentation and follow-up during the 2010 to 2011 influenza season, when H3N2 was prevalent. The response to the H5 vaccine boost was IgG only and confined to H5 variants. The response to natural H3N2 infection consisted of IgG and IgA and was reactive with all H3 variants displayed, as well as against other group 2 HA subtypes. In both groups, responses to HA1 proteins were subtype specific. In contrast, baseline signals were higher, and responses broader, against full-length HA proteins (HA1+HA2) compared to HA1 alone. We propose that these elevated baseline signals and breadth come from the recognition of conserved epitopes in the stalk domain by cross-reactive antibodies accumulated from previous exposure(s) to seasonal influenza virus. This array is a valuable high-throughput alternative to the ELISA for monitoring specificity and cross-reactivity of HA antibodies and has many applications in vaccine development.IMPORTANCE Seasonal influenza is a serious public health problem because the viral infection spreads easily from person to person and because of antigenic drift in neutralizing epitopes. Influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the disease, although challenging because of the constant evolution of influenza virus subtypes. Our high-throughput protein microarrays allow for interrogation of subunit-specific IgG and IgA responses to 283 different HA proteins comprised of HA1 and HA2 domains as well as full-length HA proteins. This provides a tool that allows for novel insights into the response to exposure to influenza virus antigens. Data generated with our technology will enhance our understanding of the factors that improve the strength, breadth, and durability of vaccine-mediated immune responses and develop more effective vaccines.
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22
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Wang SC, Liao HY, Zhang JY, Cheng TJR, Wong CH. Development of a universal influenza vaccine using hemagglutinin stem protein produced from Pichia pastoris. Virology 2018; 526:125-137. [PMID: 30388628 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of a universal influenza vaccine has become a major effort to combat the high mutation rate of influenza. To explore the use of the highly conserved stem region of hemagglutinin (HA) as a universal vaccine, we produced HA-stem-based protein using yeast expression systems. The glycosylation effects on the immunogenicity and protection activities were investigated. The yield of the A/Brisbane/59/2007 HA stem produced from Pichia pastoris reached 100 mg/l. The immunogenicity of HA stem proteins in various glycoforms was further investigated and compared. All glycoforms of the HA stem protein can induce cross-reactive antibody responses, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated protection as well as T-cell responses, with broad protection in mice. The monoglycosylated form of the A/Brisbane/59/2007 HA stem produced in yeast, together with the glycolipid C34 as the adjuvant, can elicit greater ADCC responses, better neutralizing activities against heterologous strains, and broader protection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chi Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Liao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yan Zhang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jen Rachel Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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23
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Native Human Monoclonal Antibodies with Potent Cross-Lineage Neutralization of Influenza B Viruses. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.02269-17. [PMID: 29507069 PMCID: PMC5923107 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02269-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although antibodies that effectively neutralize a broad set of influenza viruses exist in the human antibody repertoire, they are rare. We used a single-cell screening technology to identify rare monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that recognized a broad set of influenza B viruses (IBV). The screen yielded 23 MAbs with diverse germ line origins that recognized hemagglutinins (HAs) derived from influenza strains of both the Yamagata and Victoria lineages of IBV. Of the 23 MAbs, 3 exhibited low expression in a transient-transfection system, 4 were neutralizers that bound to the HA head region, 11 were stalk-binding nonneutralizers, and 5 were stalk-binding neutralizers, with 4 of these 5 having unique antibody sequences. Of these four unique stalk-binding neutralizing MAbs, all were broadly reactive and neutralizing against a panel of multiple strains spanning both IBV lineages as well as highly effective in treating lethal IBV infections in mice at both 24 and 72 h postinfection. The MAbs in this group were thermostable and bound different epitopes in the highly conserved HA stalk region. These characteristics suggest that these MAbs are suitable for consideration as candidates for clinical studies to address their effectiveness in the treatment of IBV-infected patients.
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24
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25
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Morris DH, Gostic KM, Pompei S, Bedford T, Łuksza M, Neher RA, Grenfell BT, Lässig M, McCauley JW. Predictive Modeling of Influenza Shows the Promise of Applied Evolutionary Biology. Trends Microbiol 2018; 26:102-118. [PMID: 29097090 PMCID: PMC5830126 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal influenza is controlled through vaccination campaigns. Evolution of influenza virus antigens means that vaccines must be updated to match novel strains, and vaccine effectiveness depends on the ability of scientists to predict nearly a year in advance which influenza variants will dominate in upcoming seasons. In this review, we highlight a promising new surveillance tool: predictive models. Based on data-sharing and close collaboration between the World Health Organization and academic scientists, these models use surveillance data to make quantitative predictions regarding influenza evolution. Predictive models demonstrate the potential of applied evolutionary biology to improve public health and disease control. We review the state of influenza predictive modeling and discuss next steps and recommendations to ensure that these models deliver upon their considerable biomedical promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan H Morris
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Katelyn M Gostic
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simone Pompei
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Trevor Bedford
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marta Łuksza
- Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Richard A Neher
- Biozentrum, University of Basel and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bryan T Grenfell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Lässig
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - John W McCauley
- Worldwide Influenza Centre, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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26
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Ramilo O, Rodriguez-Fernandez R, Mejias A. One Step Forward in the Road Toward a Universal Influenza Vaccine. J Infect Dis 2017; 217:1-2. [PMID: 29294019 PMCID: PMC5853781 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Ramilo
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rosa Rodriguez-Fernandez
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Asuncion Mejias
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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27
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Ceballo Y, Tiel K, López A, Cabrera G, Pérez M, Ramos O, Rosabal Y, Montero C, Menassa R, Depicker A, Hernández A. High accumulation in tobacco seeds of hemagglutinin antigen from avian (H5N1) influenza. Transgenic Res 2017; 26:775-789. [PMID: 28986672 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-017-0047-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco seeds can be used as a cost effective system for production of recombinant vaccines. Avian influenza is an important respiratory pathogen that causes a high degree of mortality and becomes a serious threat for the poultry industry. A safe vaccine against avian flu produced at low cost could help to prevent future outbreaks. We have genetically engineered tobacco plants to express extracellular domain of hemagglutinin protein from H5N1 avian influenza virus as an inexpensive alternative for production purposes. Two regulatory sequences of seed storage protein genes from Phaseolus vulgaris L. were used to direct the expression, yielding 3.0 mg of the viral antigen per g of seeds. The production and stability of seed-produced recombinant HA protein was characterized by different molecular techniques. The aqueous extract of tobacco seed proteins was used for subcutaneous immunization of chickens, which developed antibodies that inhibited the agglutination of erythrocytes after the second application of the antigen. The feasibility of using tobacco seeds as a vaccine carrier is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanaysi Ceballo
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Kenia Tiel
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Alina López
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gleysin Cabrera
- Department of Carbohydrate Chemistry, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | - Marlene Pérez
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Osmany Ramos
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Yamilka Rosabal
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Carlos Montero
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | - Rima Menassa
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ann Depicker
- Department Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department Plant Systems Biologie, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Abel Hernández
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), PO Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Havana, Cuba
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28
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High throughput discovery of influenza virus neutralizing antibodies from phage-displayed synthetic antibody libraries. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14455. [PMID: 29089574 PMCID: PMC5663709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14823-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pandemic and epidemic outbreaks of influenza A virus (IAV) infection pose severe challenges to human society. Passive immunotherapy with recombinant neutralizing antibodies can potentially mitigate the threats of IAV infection. With a high throughput neutralizing antibody discovery platform, we produced artificial anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IAV-neutralizing IgGs from phage-displayed synthetic scFv libraries without necessitating prior memory of antibody-antigen interactions or relying on affinity maturation essential for in vivo immune systems to generate highly specific neutralizing antibodies. At least two thirds of the epitope groups of the artificial anti-HA antibodies resemble those of natural protective anti-HA antibodies, providing alternatives to neutralizing antibodies from natural antibody repertoires. With continuing advancement in designing and constructing synthetic scFv libraries, this technological platform is useful in mitigating not only the threats of IAV pandemics but also those from other newly emerging viral infections.
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29
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Norovirus Escape from Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Is Limited to Allostery-Like Mechanisms. mSphere 2017; 2:mSphere00334-17. [PMID: 29062895 PMCID: PMC5646240 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00334-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The simplest and most common way for viruses to escape antibody neutralization is by mutating residues that are essential for antibody binding. Escape mutations are strongly selected for by their effect on viral fitness, which is most often related to issues of protein folding, particle assembly, and capsid function. The studies presented here demonstrated that a broadly neutralizing antibody to mouse norovirus binds to an exposed surface but that the only escape mutants that arose were distal to the antibody binding surface. To understand this finding, we performed an in silico analysis that suggested that those escape mutations blocked antibody binding by affecting structural plasticity. This kind of antigenic region—one that gives rise to broadly neutralizing antibodies but that the virus finds difficult to escape from—is therefore ideal for vaccine development. Ideal antiviral vaccines elicit antibodies (Abs) with broad strain recognition that bind to regions that are difficult to mutate for escape. Using 10 murine norovirus (MNV) strains and 5 human norovirus (HuNoV) virus-like particles (VLPs), we identified monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2D3, which broadly neutralized all MNV strains tested. Importantly, escape mutants corresponding to this antibody were very slow to develop and were distal to those raised against our previously studied antibody, A6.2. To understand the atomic details of 2D3 neutralization, we determined the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the 2D3/MNV1 complex. Interestingly, 2D3 binds to the top of the P domain, very close to where A6.2 binds, but the only escape mutations identified to date fall well outside the contact regions of both 2D3 and A6.2. To determine how mutations in distal residues could block antibody binding, we used molecular dynamics flexible fitting simulations of the atomic structures placed into the density map to examine the 2D3/MNV1 complex and these mutations. Our findings suggest that the escape mutant, V339I, may stabilize a salt bridge network at the P-domain dimer interface that, in an allostery-like manner, affects the conformational relaxation of the P domain and the efficiency of binding. They further highlight the unusual antigenic surface bound by MAb 2D3, one which elicits cross-reactive antibodies but which the virus is unable to alter to escape neutralization. These results may be leveraged to generate norovirus (NoV) vaccines containing broadly neutralizing antibodies. IMPORTANCE The simplest and most common way for viruses to escape antibody neutralization is by mutating residues that are essential for antibody binding. Escape mutations are strongly selected for by their effect on viral fitness, which is most often related to issues of protein folding, particle assembly, and capsid function. The studies presented here demonstrated that a broadly neutralizing antibody to mouse norovirus binds to an exposed surface but that the only escape mutants that arose were distal to the antibody binding surface. To understand this finding, we performed an in silico analysis that suggested that those escape mutations blocked antibody binding by affecting structural plasticity. This kind of antigenic region—one that gives rise to broadly neutralizing antibodies but that the virus finds difficult to escape from—is therefore ideal for vaccine development.
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30
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Tchilian E, Holzer B. Harnessing Local Immunity for an Effective Universal Swine Influenza Vaccine. Viruses 2017; 9:v9050098. [PMID: 28475122 PMCID: PMC5454411 DOI: 10.3390/v9050098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus infections are a global health threat to humans and are endemic in pigs, contributing to decreased weight gain and suboptimal reproductive performance. Pigs are also a source of new viruses of mixed swine, avian, and human origin, potentially capable of initiating human pandemics. Current inactivated vaccines induce neutralising antibody against the immunising strain but rapid escape occurs through antigenic drift of the surface glycoproteins. However, it is known that prior infection provides a degree of cross-protective immunity mediated by cellular immune mechanisms directed at the more conserved internal viral proteins. Here we review new data that emphasises the importance of local immunity in cross-protection and the role of the recently defined tissue-resident memory T cells, as well as locally-produced, and sometimes cross-reactive, antibody. Optimal induction of local immunity may require aerosol delivery of live vaccines, but it remains unclear how long protective local immunity persists. Nevertheless, a universal vaccine might be extremely useful for disease prevention in the face of a pandemic. As a natural host for influenza A viruses, pigs are both a target for a universal vaccine and an excellent model for developing human influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma Tchilian
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
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31
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Grassmann AA, Souza JD, McBride AJA. A Universal Vaccine against Leptospirosis: Are We Going in the Right Direction? Front Immunol 2017; 8:256. [PMID: 28337203 PMCID: PMC5343615 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis in the world and a neglected tropical disease estimated to cause severe infection in more than one million people worldwide every year that can be combated by effective immunization. However, no significant progress has been made on the leptospirosis vaccine since the advent of bacterins over 100 years. Although protective against lethal infection, particularly in animals, bacterin-induced immunity is considered short term, serovar restricted, and the vaccine can cause serious side effects. The urgent need for a new vaccine has motivated several research groups to evaluate the protective immune response induced by recombinant vaccines. Significant protection has been reported with several promising outer membrane proteins, including LipL32 and the leptospiral immunoglobulin-like proteins. However, efficacy was variable and failed to induce a cross-protective response or sterile immunity among vaccinated animals. As hundreds of draft genomes of all known Leptospira species are now available, this should aid novel target discovery through reverse vaccinology (RV) and pangenomic studies. The identification of surface-exposed vaccine candidates that are highly conserved among infectious Leptospira spp. is a requirement for the development of a cross-protective universal vaccine. However, the lack of immune correlates is a major drawback to the application of RV to Leptospira genomes. In addition, as the protective immune response against leptospirosis is not fully understood, the rational use of adjuvants tends to be a process of trial and error. In this perspective, we discuss current advances, the pitfalls, and possible solutions for the development of a universal leptospirosis vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Alex Grassmann
- Biotechnology Unit, Technological Development Centre, Federal University of Pelotas , Pelotas , Brazil
| | - Jéssica Dias Souza
- Biotechnology Unit, Technological Development Centre, Federal University of Pelotas , Pelotas , Brazil
| | - Alan John Alexander McBride
- Biotechnology Unit, Technological Development Centre, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Ministry of Health, Salvador, Brazil
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32
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Yamayoshi S, Uraki R, Ito M, Kiso M, Nakatsu S, Yasuhara A, Oishi K, Sasaki T, Ikuta K, Kawaoka Y. A Broadly Reactive Human Anti-hemagglutinin Stem Monoclonal Antibody That Inhibits Influenza A Virus Particle Release. EBioMedicine 2017; 17:182-191. [PMID: 28286060 PMCID: PMC5360590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many broadly reactive human monoclonal antibodies against the hemagglutinin (HA) stem of influenza A virus have been developed for therapeutic applications. These antibodies typically inhibit viral entry steps, especially the HA conformational change that is required for membrane fusion. To better understand the mechanisms by which such antibodies inhibit viral replication, we established broadly reactive human anti-HA stem antibodies and determined the properties of these antibodies by examining their reactivity with 18 subtypes of HA, evaluating their in vivo protective efficacy, identifying their epitopes, and characterizing their inhibitory mechanisms. Among the eight human monoclonal antibodies we generated, which recognized at least 3 subtypes of the soluble HA antigens tested, clone S9-1-10/5-1 reacted with 18 subtypes of HA and protected mice from lethal infection with H1N1pdm09, H3N2, H5N1, and H7N9 viruses. This antibody recognized the HA2 helix A in the HA stem, and inhibited virus particle release from infected cells but did not block viral entry completely. These results show that broadly reactive human anti-HA stem antibodies can exhibit protective efficacy by inhibiting virus particle release. These findings expand our knowledge of the mechanisms by which broadly reactive stem-targeting antibodies inhibit viral replication and provide valuable information for universal vaccine development. A broadly mouse-protective anti-HA stem antibody, S9-1-10/5-1, was isolated. S9-1-10/5-1 mainly inhibited virus release rather than virus entry. S9-1-10/5-1 tethers virions via crosslinking HA molecules between neighboring virions.
Broadly reactive human monoclonal antibodies against the influenza HA stem have received attention because of their potential utility against multiple HA subtypes. Some of these antibodies inhibit virus entry and/or protect mice via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Here, we identified a human monoclonal antibody that suppresses virus propagation in vitro and in vivo by primarily inhibiting virus particle release. This finding provides another inhibitory mechanism of action for the anti-HA stem antibodies, indicating that the anti-HA stem antibodies could be potent anti-virals due to their pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumiho Nakatsu
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Oishi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Sasaki
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ikuta
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan; ERATO Infection-Induced Host Responses Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Japan.
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