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Yu H, Zhu L, Zhang J, Zheng S, Ming WK, Ip CC, Jiang Y, Chen W, Wu S, Lyu J, Deng L. Joinpoint regression analysis of recent trends in desmoplastic malignant melanoma incidence and mortality: 15-year multicentre retrospective study. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:273. [PMID: 38796649 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-02928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data reveal a marked rise in the detection and mortality rates of Desmoplastic Malignant Melanoma (DMM). This trend underscores the imperative for an in-depth analysis of DMM's epidemiology, which is crucial for the formulation of precise medical and public health strategies. This investigation seeks to elucidate the variations in the incidence and mortality of DMM over a 15-year period (2005-2019). METHODS Data on DMM patients was sourced from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Both incidence and incidence-based mortality rates (IBM) were directly extracted from the SEER database. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze and calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Between 2005 and 2019, 3,384 DMM cases were identified, boasting an age-adjusted incidence rate of 36.3 cases per 1000,000 person-years (95% CI 3.51-3.76) and an IBM of 1.65cases per 1000,000 person-years (95% CI 1.57-1.74). Of these, 2,353 were males (69.53%) and 1,031 were females (30.47%). There were 1894 patients (55.97%) who were over 70 years old. Predominantly, DMM lesions manifested in exposed areas: Limbs (955, 28.22%), Face (906, 26.77%), and Scalp and Neck (865, 25.56%). The incidence of DMM increased significantly at a rate of APC = 0.9% during 2005-2019, while the incidence-based mortality showed a significant upward trend (APC = 7%) during 2005-2012, and slowly increasing trend (APC = 0.6%) during 2012-2019. In contrast to the modest upward trajectory in female incidence and mortality, male incidence initially surged, later declining, while male mortality peaked and stabilized post-2012. The primary sites for incidence and mortality were chronically sun-exposed areas: Face, Scalp and Neck, and Limbs. CONCLUSIONS In recent years, the incidence and incidence-based mortality of DMM have significantly increased. Each subgroup analysis has different trends, and these trends can provide better support for our exploration of DMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Jinan University Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Linna Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Jinan University Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinrong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Jinan University Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Suzheng Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Jinan University Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Yuzhen Jiang
- Royal Free Hospital & University College London, London, UK
| | - Wenhui Chen
- Shanghai Aige Medical Beauty Clinic Co., Ltd. (Agge), Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Jinan University Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liehua Deng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Jinan University Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan, China.
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Caraban BM, Aschie M, Deacu M, Cozaru GC, Pundiche MB, Orasanu CI, Voda RI. A Narrative Review of Current Knowledge on Cutaneous Melanoma. Clin Pract 2024; 14:214-241. [PMID: 38391404 PMCID: PMC10888040 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is a public health problem. Efforts to reduce its incidence have failed, as it continues to increase. In recent years, many risk factors have been identified. Numerous diagnostic systems exist that greatly assist in early clinical diagnosis. The histopathological aspect illustrates the grim nature of these cancers. Currently, pathogenic pathways and the tumor microclimate are key to the development of therapeutic methods. Revolutionary therapies like targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are starting to replace traditional therapeutic methods. Targeted therapy aims at a specific molecule in the pathogenic chain to block it, stopping cell growth and dissemination. The main function of immune checkpoint inhibitors is to boost cellular immunity in order to combat cancer cells. Unfortunately, these therapies have different rates of effectiveness and side effects, and cannot be applied to all patients. These shortcomings are the basis of increased incidence and mortality rates. This study covers all stages of the evolutionary sequence of melanoma. With all these data in front of us, we see the need for new research efforts directed at therapies that will bring greater benefits in terms of patient survival and prognosis, with fewer adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Marian Caraban
- Clinical Department of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery-Reconstructive, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Aschie
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Romania, 030171 Bucharest, Romania
- The Romanian Academy of Scientists, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Deacu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Georgeta Camelia Cozaru
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Genetics, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mihaela Butcaru Pundiche
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Department of General Surgery, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Cristian Ionut Orasanu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Raluca Ioana Voda
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
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3
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Ruiz EM, Alhassan SA, Errami Y, Abd Elmageed ZY, Fang JS, Wang G, Brooks MA, Abi-Rached JA, Kandil E, Zerfaoui M. A Predictive Model of Adaptive Resistance to BRAF/MEK Inhibitors in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8407. [PMID: 37176114 PMCID: PMC10178962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The adaptive acquisition of resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitor-based therapy is a common feature of melanoma cells and contributes to poor patient treatment outcomes. Leveraging insights from a proteomic study and publicly available transcriptomic data, we evaluated the predictive capacity of a gene panel corresponding to proteins differentially abundant between treatment-sensitive and treatment-resistant cell lines, deciphering predictors of treatment resistance and potential resistance mechanisms to BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy in patient biopsy samples. From our analysis, a 13-gene signature panel, in both test and validation datasets, could identify treatment-resistant or progressed melanoma cases with an accuracy and sensitivity of over 70%. The dysregulation of HMOX1, ICAM, MMP2, and SPARC defined a BRAF/MEK treatment-resistant landscape, with resistant cases showing a >2-fold risk of expression of these genes. Furthermore, we utilized a combination of functional enrichment- and gene expression-derived scores to model and identify pathways, such as HMOX1-mediated mitochondrial stress response, as potential key drivers of the emergence of a BRAF/MEK inhibitor-resistant state in melanoma cells. Overall, our results highlight the utility of these genes in predicting treatment outcomes and the underlying mechanisms that can be targeted to reduce the development of resistance to BRAF/MEK targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle M. Ruiz
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Solomon A. Alhassan
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Youssef Errami
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zakaria Y. Abd Elmageed
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana, Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Fang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Science & Engineering, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Margaret A. Brooks
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Joe A. Abi-Rached
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Emad Kandil
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mourad Zerfaoui
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Gaweł-Bęben K, Czech K, Luca SV. Cannabidiol and Minor Phytocannabinoids: A Preliminary Study to Assess Their Anti-Melanoma, Anti-Melanogenic, and Anti-Tyrosinase Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050648. [PMID: 37242431 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is an increased interest from both scientists and consumers in the application of cannabis/hemp/phytocannabinoids in skin-related disorders. However, most previous investigations assessed the pharmacological properties of hemp extracts, cannabidiol (CBD), or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), with very few studies focusing on minor phytocannabinoids from hemp. In this context, the current work explored the in vitro anti-melanoma, anti-melanogenic, and anti-tyrosinase effects of cannabidiol (CBD) and three minor phytocannabinoids, namely cannabigerol (CBG), cannabinol (CBN), and cannabichromene (CBC). Among the tested human malignant melanoma cells (A375, SH4, and G361), only A375 cells were highly susceptible to the 48 h treatment with the four phytocannabinoids (IC50 values between 12.02 and 25.13 μg/mL). When melanogenesis was induced in murine melanoma B16F10 cells by α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH), CBD, CBG, and CBN significantly decreased the extracellular (29.76-45.14% of αMSH+ cells) and intracellular (60.59-67.87% of αMSH+ cells) melanin content at 5 μg/mL. Lastly, CBN (50-200 μg/mL) inhibited both mushroom and murine tyrosinase, whereas CBG (50-200 μg/mL) and CBC (100-200 μg/mL) down-regulated only the mushroom tyrosinase activity; in contrast, CBD was practically inactive. The current data show that tyrosinase inhibition might not be responsible for reducing the melanin biosynthesis in α-MSH-treated B16F10 cells. By evaluating for the first time the preliminary anti-melanoma, anti-melanogenic, and anti-tyrosinase properties of CBN and CBC and confirming similar effects for CBD and CBG, this study can expand the utilization of CBD and, in particular, of minor phytocannabinoids to novel cosmeceutical products for skin care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gaweł-Bęben
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Karolina Czech
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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5
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Bianchi A, De Rimini ML, Sciuto R, Annovazzi A, Di Traglia S, Bauckneht M, Lanfranchi F, Morbelli S, Nappi AG, Ferrari C, Rubini G, Panareo S, Urso L, Bartolomei M, D'Arienzo D, Valente T, Rossetti V, Caroli P, Matteucci F, Aricò D, Bombaci M, Caponnetto D, Bertagna F, Albano D, Dondi F, Gusella S, Spimpolo A, Carriere C, Balma M, Buschiazzo A, Gallicchio R, Storto G, Ruffini L, Scarlattei M, Baldari G, Cervino AR, Cuppari L, Burei M, Trifirò G, Brugola E, Zanini CA, Alessi A, Fuoco V, Seregni E, Deandreis D, Liberini V, Moreci AM, Ialuna S, Pulizzi S, Evangelista L. Can Baseline [18F]FDG PET/CT Predict Response to Immunotherapy After 6 Months and Overall Survival in Patients with Lung Cancer or Malignant Melanoma? A Multicenter Retrospective Study. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2023; 38:256-267. [PMID: 37098169 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2022.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess the role of baseline 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in predicting response to immunotherapy after 6 months and overall survival (OS) in patients with lung cancer (LC) or malignant melanoma (MM). Methods: Data from a multicenter, retrospective study conducted between March and November 2021 were analyzed. Patients >18 years old with a confirmed diagnosis of LC or MM, who underwent a baseline [18F]FDG-PET/CT within 1-2 months before starting immunotherapy and had a follow-up of at least 12 months were included. PET scans were examined visually and semiquantitatively by physicians at peripheral centers. The metabolic tumor burden (number of lesions with [18F]FDG-uptake) and other parameters were recorded. Clinical response was assessed at 3 and 6 months after starting immunotherapy, and OS was calculated as the time elapsing between the PET scan and death or latest follow-up. Results: The study concerned 177 patients with LC and 101 with MM. Baseline PET/CT was positive in primary or local recurrent lesions in 78.5% and 9.9% of cases, in local/distant lymph nodes in 71.8% and 36.6%, in distant metastases in 58.8% and 84%, respectively, in LC and in MM patients. Among patients with LC, [18F]FDG-uptake in primary/recurrent lung lesions was more often associated with no clinical response to immunotherapy after 6 months than in cases without any tracer uptake. After a mean 21 months, 46.5% of patients with LC and 37.1% with MM had died. A significant correlation emerged between the site/number of [18F]FDG foci and death among patients with LC, but not among those with MM. Conclusions: In patients with LC who are candidates for immunotherapy, baseline [18F]FDG-PET/CT can help to predict response to this therapy after 6 months, and to identify those with a poor prognosis based on their metabolic parameters. For patients with MM, there was only a weak correlation between baseline PET/CT parameters, response to therapy, and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bianchi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, SC Medicina Nucleare, ASO S.Croce e Carle Cuneo, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa De Rimini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Health Service, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Sciuto
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Annovazzi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Traglia
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Bauckneht
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Lanfranchi
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Morbelli
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Giulia Nappi
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Cristina Ferrari
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rubini
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Panareo
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Oncology and Haematology Department, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Urso
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Oncology and Specialistic Department, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mirco Bartolomei
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Oncology and Specialistic Department, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Davide D'Arienzo
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Health Service, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Tullio Valente
- U.O.C. Radiologia, Department of Servizi, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossetti
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori," Meldola, Italy
| | - Paola Caroli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori," Meldola, Italy
| | - Federica Matteucci
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori," Meldola, Italy
| | - Demetrio Aricò
- Servizio di Medicina Nucleare, Humanitas Istituto Clinico Catanese, Misterbianco, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Bombaci
- Servizio di Medicina Nucleare, Humanitas Istituto Clinico Catanese, Misterbianco, Italy
| | - Domenica Caponnetto
- Servizio di Medicina Nucleare, Humanitas Istituto Clinico Catanese, Misterbianco, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertagna
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Domenico Albano
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Dondi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Gusella
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Central Hospital Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Bolzano-Bozen, Italy
| | - Alessandro Spimpolo
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Central Hospital Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Bolzano-Bozen, Italy
| | - Cinzia Carriere
- Dermatology Department, Central Hospital Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Bolzano-Bozen, Italy
| | - Michele Balma
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, SC Medicina Nucleare, ASO S.Croce e Carle Cuneo, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Ambra Buschiazzo
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, SC Medicina Nucleare, ASO S.Croce e Carle Cuneo, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Rosj Gallicchio
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giovanni Storto
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Livia Ruffini
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Maura Scarlattei
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Baldari
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Cervino
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCSS, Padua, Italy
| | - Lea Cuppari
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCSS, Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Burei
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCSS, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Trifirò
- Servizio di Medicina Nucleare ICS MAUGERI SPA SB-IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Carolina Arianna Zanini
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milano Statale, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Alessi
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Fuoco
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Seregni
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Désirée Deandreis
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Virginia Liberini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, SC Medicina Nucleare, ASO S.Croce e Carle Cuneo, Cuneo, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonino Maria Moreci
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Az. Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ialuna
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Az. Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabina Pulizzi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Az. Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Evangelista
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Sobiepanek A, Kowalska PD, Szota M, Grzywa TM, Nowak J, Włodarski PK, Galus R, Jachimska B, Kobiela T. Novel diagnostic and prognostic factors for the advanced melanoma based on the glycosylation-related changes studied by biophysical profiling methods. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 203:114046. [PMID: 35121451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a life-threatening disease due to the early onset of metastasis and frequent resistance to the applied treatment. For now, no single histological, immunohistochemical or serological biomarker was able to provide a precise predictive value for the aggressive behavior in melanoma patients. Thus, the search for quantifying methods allowing a simultaneous diagnosis and prognosis of melanoma patients is highly desirable. By investigating specific molecular interactions with some biosensor-based techniques, one can determine novel prognostic factors for this tumor. In our previous study, we have shown the possibility of a qualitative in vitro distinguishing the commercially available melanoma cells at different progression stages based on the measurements of the lectin Concanavalin A interacting with surface glycans present on cells. Here, we present the results of the quantitative diagnostic and prognostic study of both commercial and patient-derived melanoma cells based on the evaluation of two novel factors: lectin affinity and glycan viscoelastic index obtained from the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) measurements. Two approaches to the QCM-D measurements were applied, the first uses the ability of melanoma cells to grow as a monolayer of cells on the sensor (cell-based sensors), and the second shortens the time of the analysis (suspension cell based-sensors). The results were confirmed by the complementary label-free (atomic force microscopy, AFM; and surface plasmon resonance, SPR) and labeling (lectin-ELISA; and microscale thermophoresis, MST) techniques. This new approach provides additional quantitative diagnosis and a personalized prognosis which can be done simultaneously to the traditional histopathological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sobiepanek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Patrycja D Kowalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland; Polish Stem Cell Bank, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szota
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz M Grzywa
- Department of Methodology, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland; Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Nowak
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł K Włodarski
- Department of Methodology, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Galus
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Jachimska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kobiela
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
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7
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Giuliano A. Companion Animal Model in Translational Oncology; Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Canine Oral Melanoma. BIOLOGY 2021; 11:biology11010054. [PMID: 35053051 PMCID: PMC8773126 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Laboratory rodents are the most common animal models used in preclinical cancer research. Companion animals with naturally occurring cancers are an under-utilized natural model for the development of new anti-cancer drugs. Dogs and cats develop several types of cancers that resemble those arising in humans with similar clinical and histopathological features and often with similar molecular and genetic backgrounds. Exposure to environmental carcinogens, including air, food and water are also common between people and their pets. Dogs and cats are a unique model that could be integrated between the preclinical laboratory animal model and human clinical trials. Abstract Companion animals with naturally occurring cancers can provide an advantageous model for cancer research and in particular anticancer drug development. Compared to commonly utilized mouse models, companion animals, specifically dogs and cats, share a closer phylogenetical distance, body size, and genome organization. Most importantly, pets develop spontaneous, rather than artificially induced, cancers. The incidence of cancer in people and companion animals is quite similar and cancer is the leading cause of death in dogs over 10 years of age. Many cancer types in dogs and cats have similar pathological, molecular, and clinical features to their human counterparts. Drug toxicity and response to anti-cancer treatment in dogs and cats are also similar to those in people. Companion animals share their lives with their owners, including the environmental and socioeconomic cancer-risk factors. In contrast to humans, pets have a shorter life span and cancer progression is often more rapid. Clinical trials in companion animals are cheaper and less time consuming compared to human trials. Dogs and cats with naturally occurring cancers are an ideal and unique model for human cancer research. Model selection for the specific type of cancer is of pivotal importance. Although companion animal models for translational research have been reviewed previously, this review will try to summarize the most important advantages and disadvantages of this model. Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma as a model for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and canine oral melanoma as a model for mucosal melanoma and immunotherapy in people will be discussed as examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Giuliano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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8
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Schweighofer-Zwink G, Manafi-Farid R, Kölblinger P, Hehenwarter L, Harsini S, Pirich C, Beheshti M. Prognostic value of 2-[ 18F]FDG PET-CT in metastatic melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy. Eur J Radiol 2021; 146:110107. [PMID: 34922117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.110107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The 2-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (2-[18F]FDG PET/CT) is used for the evaluation of response to immunotherapy in malignant melanoma. Here, we evaluated the prognostic value of various metabolic parameters in baseline and different time points after therapy. METHODS In this retrospective study, 51 metastatic melanoma patients, who had received immunotherapy, were included. Patients with baseline and two follow-up 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT studies (3 and 6 months after therapy) were selected. Multiple metabolic parameters and tumor-to-background ratios (TBRs) were extracted and correlated with OS. RESULTS The 3- and 5-year OS rates were 49% and 43.1%, respectively. On baseline 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT, only standardized uptake value corrected for lean body mass (SULmax and SULpeak), as well as most of the TBRs were predictive for 3- and 5-year OS rates. Metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and most of the TBRs were predictive on both follow-up studies. Also, the changes in values of MTV, TLG and most of the TBRs from the baseline to the 3-month and 6- month follow-up studies were prognostic. On multivariate analysis, all of the most predictive parameters for OS were derived from the 3-month follow-up study. The ratio of TBRmean to the mediastinum was the best factor (cutoff value of 2.15, sensitivity of 88.5% and specificity of 68.0% for 3-year survival). CONCLUSION Metabolic parameters derived from 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT are valuable tools for the prediction of 3- and 5-year OS rates in metastatic melanoma patients undergoing immunotherapy. The 3-month follow-up 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT is of particular importance in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Schweighofer-Zwink
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Reyhaneh Manafi-Farid
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical sciences, 1411713135 Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter Kölblinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lukas Hehenwarter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sara Harsini
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical sciences, 1411713135 Tehran, Iran; Association of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (ANMMI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 1419733151 Tehran, Iran
| | - Christian Pirich
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mohsen Beheshti
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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9
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Phenotypic Switching of B16F10 Melanoma Cells as a Stress Adaptation Response to Fe3O4/Salicylic Acid Nanoparticle Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14101007. [PMID: 34681232 PMCID: PMC8537856 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a melanocyte-derived skin cancer that has a high heterogeneity due to its phenotypic plasticity, a trait that may explain its ability to survive in the case of physical or molecular aggression and to develop resistance to therapy. Therefore, the therapy modulation of phenotypic switching in combination with other treatment modalities could become a common approach in any future therapeutic strategy. In this paper, we used the syngeneic model of B16F10 melanoma implanted in C57BL/6 mice to evaluate the phenotypic changes in melanoma induced by therapy with iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized with salicylic acid (SaIONs). The results of this study showed that the oral administration of the SaIONs aqueous dispersion was followed by phenotypic switching to highly pigmented cells in B16F10 melanoma through a cytotoxicity-induced cell selection mechanism. The hyperpigmentation of melanoma cells by the intra- or extracellular accumulation of melanic pigment deposits was another consequence of the SaIONs therapy. Additional studies are needed to assess the reversibility of SaIONs-induced phenotypic switching and the impact of tumor hyperpigmentation on B16F10 melanoma’s progression and metastasis abilities.
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10
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Marzęda P, Drozd M, Wróblewska-Łuczka P, Łuszczki JJ. Cannabinoids and their derivatives in struggle against melanoma. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:1485-1496. [PMID: 34264513 PMCID: PMC8599338 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Melanoma is one of the most aggressive malignances in human. Recently developed therapies improved overall survival rate, however, the treatment of melanoma still remains a challenging issue. This review attempts to summarize recent advances in studies on cannabinoids used in the setting of melanoma treatment. Searches were carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Research Gate. Conclusions after analysis of available data suggest that cannabinoids limit number of metastasis, and reduce growth of melanoma. The findings indicate that cannabinoids induce apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and exert significant interactions with tumor microenvironment. Cannabinoids should be rather considered as a part of multi-targeted anti-tumor therapy instead of being standalone agent. Moreover, cannabinoids are likely to improve quality of life in patients with cancer, due to different supportive effects, like analgesia and/or anti-emetic effects. In this review, it was pointed out that cannabinoids may be potentially useful in the melanoma therapy. Nevertheless, due to limited amount of data, great variety of cannabinoids available and lack of clinical trials, further studies are required to determine an exact role of cannabinoids in the treatment of melanoma. Graphic abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Marzęda
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Drozd
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paula Wróblewska-Łuczka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J Łuszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
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11
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Jia DD, Niu Y, Zhu H, Wang S, Ma T, Li T. Prior Therapy With Pegylated-Interferon Alfa-2b Improves the Efficacy of Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Resectable Advanced Melanoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:675873. [PMID: 34221994 PMCID: PMC8243982 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.675873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination immunotherapy can overcome the limited objective response rates of PD-1 blockade. Interferon alpha (IFN-α) has been proven to be effective in modulating immune responses and may enhance the clinical responses to PD-1 blockade. According to clinical practice guidelines, IFN-α was recommended as adjuvant therapy for stage IIB/C melanoma patients. However, the impact of prior IFN-α therapy on the efficacy of subsequent PD-1 blockade in melanoma has not been previously reported. Therefore, we performed a retrospective analysis for melanoma patients and addressed whether prior IFN-α therapy enhanced adjuvant pembrolizumab as later-line treatment. Fifty-six patients with resectable stage III/IV melanoma who received adjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Notably, 25 patients received adjuvant pegylated IFN-α (PEG-IFN-α) in the prior line of treatment while 31 patients did not receive prior PEG-IFN-α therapy. Cox regression analysis showed that prior PEG-IFN-α therapy was associated with the efficacy of later-line adjuvant pembrolizumab (hazard ratio=0.37, 95% CI 0.16-0.89; P = 0.026). The recurrence rates after treatment with adjuvant pembrolizumab were significantly reduced in the prior PEG-IFN-α group (P < 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier analysis also showed that recurrence-free survival (RFS) after adjuvant pembrolizumab therapy was prolonged by prior PEG-IFN-α treatment (median RFSPem 8.5 months vs. 4.5 months; P = 0.0372). These findings indicated that prior PEG-IFN-α could enhance the efficacy of adjuvant pembrolizumab. The long-lasting effects of PEG-IFN-α provide a new rationale for designing combination or sequential immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Jia
- Department of Bone and Soft-tissue Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Niu
- Department of Translational Medicine, Genetron Health (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Honglin Zhu
- Department of Translational Medicine, Genetron Health (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Sizhen Wang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Genetron Health (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- Department of Translational Medicine, Genetron Health (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Bone and Soft-tissue Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Soltantoyeh T, Akbari B, Karimi A, Mahmoodi Chalbatani G, Ghahri-Saremi N, Hadjati J, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei HR. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cell Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma: Challenges and Road Ahead. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061450. [PMID: 34207884 PMCID: PMC8230324 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is the most aggressive and difficult to treat type of skin cancer, with a survival rate of less than 10%. Metastatic melanoma has conventionally been considered very difficult to treat; however, recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the tumorigenesis, metastasis and immune escape have led to the introduction of new therapies. These include targeted molecular therapy and novel immune-based approaches such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and genetically engineered T-lymphocytes such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Among these, CAR T cell therapy has recently made promising strides towards the treatment of advanced hematological and solid cancers. Although CAR T cell therapy might offer new hope for melanoma patients, it is not without its shortcomings, which include off-target toxicity, and the emergence of resistance to therapy (e.g., due to antigen loss), leading to eventual relapse. The present review will not only describe the basic steps of melanoma metastasis, but also discuss how CAR T cells could treat metastatic melanoma. We will outline specific strategies including combination approaches that could be used to overcome some limitations of CAR T cell therapy for metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Soltantoyeh
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (T.S.); (B.A.); (G.M.C.); (N.G.-S.); (J.H.)
| | - Behnia Akbari
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (T.S.); (B.A.); (G.M.C.); (N.G.-S.); (J.H.)
| | - Amirali Karimi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran;
| | - Ghanbar Mahmoodi Chalbatani
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (T.S.); (B.A.); (G.M.C.); (N.G.-S.); (J.H.)
| | - Navid Ghahri-Saremi
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (T.S.); (B.A.); (G.M.C.); (N.G.-S.); (J.H.)
| | - Jamshid Hadjati
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (T.S.); (B.A.); (G.M.C.); (N.G.-S.); (J.H.)
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa;
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (T.S.); (B.A.); (G.M.C.); (N.G.-S.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-21-64053268; Fax: +98-21-66419536
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13
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Wu K, Wang Q, Liu YL, Xiang Z, Wang QQ, Yin L, Liu SL. LncRNA POU3F3 Contributes to Dacarbazine Resistance of Human Melanoma Through the MiR-650/MGMT Axis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:643613. [PMID: 33816296 PMCID: PMC8010678 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.643613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alkylating agents are critical therapeutic options for melanoma, while dacarbazine (DTIC)-based chemotherapy showed poor sensitivity in clinical trials. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were highlighted in the progression of malignant tumors in recent years, whereas little was known about their involvement in melanoma. Methods: The functional role and molecular mechanism of lncRNA POU3F3 were evaluated on DTIC-resistant melanoma cells. Further studies analyzed its clinical role in the disease progression of melanoma. Results: We observed elevated the expression of lncRNA POU3F3 in the DTIC-resistant melanoma cells. Gain-of-function assays showed that the overexpression of lncRNA POU3F3 maintained cell survival with DTIC treatment, while the knockdown of lncRNA POU3F3 restored cell sensitivity to DTIC. A positive correlation of the expression O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) was observed with lncRNA POU3F3 in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatic analyses predicted that miR-650 was involved in the lncRNA POU3F3-regulated MGMT expression. Molecular analysis indicated that lncRNA POU3F3 worked as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate the levels of miR-650, and the lncRNA POU3F3/miR-650 axis determined the transcription of MGMT in melanoma cells to a greater extent. Further clinical studies supported that lncRNA POU3F3 was a risk factor for the disease progression of melanoma. Conclusion: LncRNA POU3F3 upregulated the expression of MGMT by sponging miR-650, which is a crucial way for DTIC resistance in melanoma. Our results indicated that lncRNA POU3F3 was a valuable biomarker for the disease progression of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, People's Liberation Army (PLA) 960 Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China.,Clinical Laboratory, Navy 971 Hospital of PLA, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Lin Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Navy 971 Hospital of PLA, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhuo Xiang
- Pharmacy Department, Navy 971 Hospital of PLA, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing-Qing Wang
- Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Li Yin
- Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Shun-Li Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, People's Liberation Army (PLA) 960 Hospital, Jinan, China
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14
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Jairath NK, Farha MW, Jairath R, Harms PW, Tsoi LC, Tejasvi T. Prognostic value of intratumoral lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and M0 macrophage enrichment in tumor immune microenvironment of melanoma. Melanoma Manag 2020; 7:MMT51. [PMID: 33318782 PMCID: PMC7727784 DOI: 10.2217/mmt-2020-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma is characterized by significant heterogeneity in its molecular, genomic and immunologic features. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas of skin cutaneous melanoma (n = 328) was utilized. CIBERSORT was used to identify immune cell type composition, on which unsupervised hierarchical clustering was performed. Analysis of overall survival was performed using Kaplan–Meier estimates and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Membership in the lymphocyte:monocytelow, monocytehigh and M0high cluster was an independently poor prognostic factor for survival (HR: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.12–8.20; p = 0.029) and correlated with decreased predicted response to immune checkpoint blockade. In conclusion, an M0-macrophage-enriched, lymphocyte-to-monocyte-ratio-low phenotype in the primary melanoma tumor site independently characterizes an aggressive phenotype that may differentially respond to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil K Jairath
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mark W Farha
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ruple Jairath
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Trilokraj Tejasvi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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15
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Isokotomolide A from Cinnamomum kotoense Induce Melanoma Autophagy and Apoptosis In Vivo and In Vitro. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3425147. [PMID: 33062137 PMCID: PMC7537700 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3425147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive cancer with high lethality. In order to find new anticancer agents, isokotomolide A (Iso A) and secokotomolide A (Sec A) isolated from Cinnamomum kotoense were identified to be potential bioactive agents against human melanoma but without strong antioxidative properties. Cell proliferation assay displayed Iso A and Sec A treated in the normal human skin cells showed high viabilities. It also verified that two of them possess strong antimelanoma effect in concentration-dependent manners, especially on B16F10, A2058, MeWo, and A375 cells. Wound healing assay presented their excellent antimigratory effects. Through 3-N,3-N,6-N,6-N-Tetramethylacridine-3,6-diamine (acridine orange, AO) staining and Western blot, the autophagy induced by treatment was confirmed, including autophagy-related proteins (Atgs). By using annexin V–FITC/PI double-stain, the apoptosis was confirmed, and both components also triggered the cell cycle arrest and DNA damage. We demonstrated the correlations between the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and antimelanoma, such as caspase cascade activations. To further evaluate in vivo experiments, the inhibition of tumor cell growth was verified through the histopathological staining in a xenograft model. In this study, it was confirmed that Iso A and Sec A can encourage melanoma cell death via early autophagy and late apoptosis processes.
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16
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Bachari A, Piva TJ, Salami SA, Jamshidi N, Mantri N. Roles of Cannabinoids in Melanoma: Evidence from In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6040. [PMID: 32839414 PMCID: PMC7503316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the fourth most common type of cancer diagnosed in Australians after breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. While there has been substantial progress in the treatment of cancer in general, malignant melanoma, in particular, is resistant to existing medical therapies requiring an urgent need to develop effective treatments with lesser side effects. Several studies have shown that "cannabinoids", the major compounds of the Cannabis sativaL. plant, can reduce cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in melanoma cells. Despite prohibited use of Cannabis in most parts of the world, in recent years there have been renewed interests in exploiting the beneficial health effects of the Cannabis plant-derived compounds. Therefore, the aim of this study was in the first instance to review the evidence from in vivo studies on the effects of cannabinoids on melanoma. Systematic searches were carried out in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ProQuest Central databases for relevant articles published from inception. From a total of 622 potential studies, six in vivo studies assessing the use of cannabinoids for treatment of melanoma were deemed eligible for the final analysis. The findings revealed cannabinoids, individually or combined, reduced tumor growth and promoted apoptosis and autophagy in melanoma cells. Further preclinical and animal studies are required to determine the underlying mechanisms of cannabinoids-mediated inhibition of cancer-signaling pathways. Well-structured, randomized clinical studies on cannabinoid use in melanoma patients would also be required prior to cannabinoids becoming a viable and recognized therapeutic option for melanoma treatment in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Bachari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Terrence J. Piva
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia; (T.J.P.); (N.J.)
| | - Seyed Alireza Salami
- Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587, Iran;
| | - Negar Jamshidi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia; (T.J.P.); (N.J.)
| | - Nitin Mantri
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia;
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17
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The Antitumor Effect of Heparin is not Mediated by Direct NK Cell Activation. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082666. [PMID: 32824699 PMCID: PMC7463539 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes responsible for the elimination of infected or transformed cells. The activation or inhibition of NK cells is determined by the balance of target cell ligand recognition by stimulatory and inhibitory receptors on their surface. Previous reports have suggested that the glycosaminoglycan heparin is a ligand for the natural cytotoxicity receptors NKp30, NKp44 (human), and NKp46 (both human and mouse). However, the effects of heparin on NK cell homeostasis and function remain unclear. Here, we show that heparin does not enhance NK cell proliferation or killing through NK cell activation. Alternatively, in mice models, heparin promoted NK cell survival in vitro and controlled B16-F10 melanoma metastasis development in vivo. In human NK cells, heparin promisingly increased interferon (IFN)-γ production in synergy with IL-12, although the mechanism remains elusive. Our data showed that heparin is not able to increase NK cell cytotoxicity.
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18
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Soumoy L, Wells M, Najem A, Krayem M, Ghanem G, Hambye S, Saussez S, Blankert B, Journe F. Toad Venom Antiproliferative Activities on Metastatic Melanoma: Bio-Guided Fractionation and Screening of the Compounds of Two Different Venoms. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9080218. [PMID: 32785105 PMCID: PMC7464305 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most common cancer in young adults, with a constantly increasing incidence. Metastatic melanoma is a very aggressive cancer with a 5-year survival rate of about 22-25%. This is, in most cases, due to a lack of therapies which are effective on the long term. Hence, it is crucial to find new therapeutic agents to increase patient survival. Toad venoms are a rich source of potentially pharmaceutically active compounds and studies have highlighted their possible effect on cancer cells. We focused on the venoms of two different toad species: Bufo bufo and Rhinella marina. We screened the venom crude extracts, the fractions from crude extracts and isolated biomolecules by studying their antiproliferative properties on melanoma cells aiming to determine the compound or the combination of compounds with the highest antiproliferative effect. Our results indicated strong antiproliferative capacities of toad venoms on melanoma cells. We found that these effects were mainly due to bufadienolides that are cardiotonic steroids potentially acting on the Na+/K+ ATPase pump which is overexpressed in melanoma. Finally, our results indicated that bufalin alone was the most interesting compound among the isolated bufadienolides because it had the highest antiproliferative activity on melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Soumoy
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (L.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Mathilde Wells
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (M.W.); (S.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Ahmad Najem
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (A.N.); (M.K.); (G.G.)
| | - Mohammad Krayem
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (A.N.); (M.K.); (G.G.)
| | - Ghanem Ghanem
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (A.N.); (M.K.); (G.G.)
| | - Stéphanie Hambye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (M.W.); (S.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Sven Saussez
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (L.S.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Blankert
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (M.W.); (S.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Fabrice Journe
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (L.S.); (S.S.)
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (A.N.); (M.K.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Metabolic Reprogramming in Metastatic Melanoma with Acquired Resistance to Targeted Therapies: Integrative Metabolomic and Proteomic Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051323. [PMID: 32455924 PMCID: PMC7280989 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatments of metastatic melanoma underwent an impressive development over the past few years, with the emergence of small molecule inhibitors targeting mutated proteins, such as BRAF, NRAS, or cKIT. However, since a significant proportion of patients acquire resistance to these therapies, new strategies are currently being considered to overcome this issue. For this purpose, melanoma cell lines with mutant BRAF, NRAS, or cKIT and with acquired resistances to BRAF, MEK, or cKIT inhibitors, respectively, were investigated using both 1H-NMR-based metabonomic and protein microarrays. The 1H-NMR profiles highlighted a similar go and return pattern in the metabolism of the BRAF, NRAS, and cKIT mutated cell lines. Indeed, melanoma cells exposed to mutation-specific inhibitors underwent metabolic disruptions following acute exposure but partially recovered their basal metabolism in long-term exposure, most likely acquiring resistance skills. The protein microarrays inquired about the potential cellular mechanisms used by the resistant cells to escape drug treatment, by showing decreased levels of proteins linked to the drug efficacy, especially in the downstream part of the MAPK signaling pathway. Integrating metabonomic and proteomic findings revealed some metabolic pathways (i.e., glutaminolysis, choline metabolism, glutathione production, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation) and key proteins (i.e., EPHA2, DUSP4, and HIF-1A) as potential targets to discard drug resistance.
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Park C, Lee H, Hwangbo H, Ji SY, Kim MY, Kim SY, Hong SH, Kim GY, Choi YH. Ethanol Extract of Hizikia fusiforme Induces Apoptosis in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells through ROS-Dependent Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1275-1282. [PMID: 32458633 PMCID: PMC7541858 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.5.1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported that Hizikia fusiforme, an edible brown seaweed, has diverse health-promoting effects; however, evidence for its anti-cancer potential is still lacking. In this study, we examined the effect of ethanol extract of H. fusiforme (EHF) on the proliferation of B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. METHODS Analyses of cell viability and apoptosis were performed to study the actions of EHF on B16F10 cells. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were measured using a flow cytometer. Western blot analysis was carried out to measure apoptosis and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling related proteins. RESULTS EHF treatment significantly decreased B16F10 cell viability, which was associated with induction of apoptosis. EHF activated caspase-8 and caspase-9, which are involved in the initiation of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways, respectively, and also increased caspase-3 activity, a typical effect caspase, subsequently leading to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. In addition, EHF destroyed the integrity of mitochondria and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, which contributed to cytosolic release of cytochrome c. EHF further enhanced intracellular levels of ROS and the addition of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS inhibitor, significantly diminished EHF-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and growth inhibition. Moreover, EHF inactivated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and LY294002, a PI3K/Akt inhibitor, increased the apoptosis-inducing effect of EHF. However, increased apoptosis and reduced cell viability by simultaneous treatment of EHF and LY294002 were significantly attenuated in the presence of NAC. CONCLUSION These results indicate that EHF induces apoptosis through activation of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways and ROS-dependent inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling in B16F10 cells. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Hwangbo
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Yeong Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea.
| | - So Young Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea.
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Xu W, Yan Z, Hu F, Wei W, Yang C, Sun Z. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 accelerates oxidative stress in melanoma cells by rescuing EZH2-mediated CDKN1C downregulation. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:116. [PMID: 32308561 PMCID: PMC7146881 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The significance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mediating oxidative stress of cancers has been implicated recently. This study proposed a potential therapeutic target lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) for melanoma, due to its crucial role in oxidative stress and apoptosis of melanoma cells by regulating the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)-mediated CDKN1C expression. Methods The lncRNA GAS5 expression pattern was examined in melanoma tissues and cells. The correlation of lncRNA GAS5, EZH2, and CDKN1C with survival rate of melanoma patients was analyzed. In melanoma cell lines, lncRNA GAS5 expression was overexpressed or knocked down to clarify its effects on cell viability, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. The interaction between lncRNA GAS5 and EZH2 was examined by RIP and RNA pull-down assays followed by verification of the target relationship between EZH2 and CDKN1C. Results High expression of EZH2 and poor expression of lncRNA GAS5 and CDKN1C was observed in melanoma tissues and found to be correlated with the reduction in survival expectancy of melanoma patients. Overexpression of lncRNA GAS5 or CDKN1C or EZH2 knockdown could inhibit cell viability but enhance melanoma cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. Importantly, lncRNA GAS5 attenuated EZH2 expression by recruiting E2F4 to the EZH2 promoter region and knockdown of EZH2 upregulated CDKN1C expression by inhibiting the H3K27me3. Conclusion The evidence provided by our study highlighted the involvement of lncRNA GAS5 in the translational suppression of EZH2 as well as the upregulation of CDKN1C, resulting in the promotion of melanoma cell apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- 1Department of Dermatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqiang Yan
- 2Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Hu
- 3Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Dongjin District, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- 3Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Dongjin District, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- 3Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Dongjin District, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- 3Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Dongjin District, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
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22
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Martinović KM, Milićević M, Larsen AK, Džodić R, Jurišić V, Konjević G, Vuletić A. Effect of cytokines on NK cell activity and activating receptor expression in high-risk cutaneous melanoma patients. Eur Cytokine Netw 2019; 30:160-167. [PMID: 32096478 DOI: 10.1684/ecn.2019.0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stage II melanoma patients have high risk for regional and distant metastases and may benefit from novel therapeutic strategies. To clarify the role of NK cells in Stage II melanoma, we characterized the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and the expression of various activating and inhibitory receptors in high-risk cutaneous melanoma patients (Stages IIB and IIC) compared to low-risk patients (Stage IA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Native and cytokine-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for functional and phenotypical analyses. RESULTS Compared to Stage IA-B patients, Stage IIB-C patients showed significantly decreased NK cell activity, as well as decreased expression of the activating NKG2D and CD161 receptors, most likely due to increased serum levels of the immunosuppressive cytokine TGF-β1 in these patients. Interestingly, treatment of periperal blood mononuclear cells with IFN-α, IL-2, IL-12 or the combination of IL-12 and IL-18 significantly induced NK cell activity for both groups of melanoma patients. However, only low-risk patients had a significant increase in the expression of the NKG2D receptor after in vitro treatment with IFN-α, as well as an significant increase in the expression of CD161 after treatment with IFN-α or IL-12. Although IL-2 induced the expression of NKG2D in both groups of patients, this increase was significantly lower in high-risk melanoma. CONCLUSION NK cell parameters may be useful as biomarkers of disease progression in localized melanoma patients. Our results further suggest that the use of NK cell-activating cytokines in combination with inhibitors of immunosuppressive factors like TGF-β1 could be a therapeutic option for the treatment of high-risk cutaneous melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Mirjačić Martinović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Milićević
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Annette K Larsen
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM U938 and Sorbonne University, Kourilsky building 1st floor, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, 75571 PARIS Cédex 12 France
| | - Radan Džodić
- Surgical Oncology Clinic, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jurišić
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, P.BOX 124, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gordana Konjević
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
| | - Ana Vuletić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Andreucci E, Ruzzolini J, Peppicelli S, Bianchini F, Laurenzana A, Carta F, Supuran CT, Calorini L. The carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor SLC-0111 sensitises cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:117-123. [PMID: 30362384 PMCID: PMC6211231 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1532419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug combination represents one of the most accredited strategies of cancer therapy able to improve drug efficacy and possibly overcome drug resistance. Among the agents used to complement conventional chemotherapy, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) inhibitors appear as one of the most suitable, as markers of hypoxic and acidic cancer cells which do not respond to chemo- and radiotherapy. We performed preclinical in vitro assays to evaluate whether the SLC-0111 CAIX inhibitor co-operates and potentiates the cytotoxic effects of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs in A375-M6 melanoma cells, MCF7 breast cancer cells, and HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that the SLC-0111 CAIX inhibitor potentiates cytotoxicity of Dacarbazine and Temozolomide currently used for advanced melanoma treatment. SLC-0111 also increases breast cancer cell response to Doxorubicin and enhances 5-Fluorouracil cytostatic activity on colon cancer cells. These findings disclose the possibility to extend the use of CAIX inhibitors in the combination therapy of various cancer histotypes.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX/antagonists & inhibitors
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX/genetics
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX/metabolism
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/chemistry
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Cell Death/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dacarbazine/analogs & derivatives
- Dacarbazine/chemistry
- Dacarbazine/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Fluorouracil/chemistry
- Fluorouracil/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- HCT116 Cells
- Humans
- MCF-7 Cells
- Molecular Structure
- Phenylurea Compounds/chemistry
- Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Sulfonamides/chemistry
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Temozolomide
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Tripathi R, Knusel KD, Ezaldein HH, Bordeaux JS, Scott JF. National Burden of Hospitalization Due to Cutaneous Melanoma in Adolescents and Young Adults. Am J Clin Oncol 2019; 42:830-836. [PMID: 31569167 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although adolescents and young adults (AYA) suffer disproportionately from cutaneous melanoma (CM), little is known regarding the burden of CM leading to hospitalization in AYA. The objective of this study was to elucidate sociodemographic/hospitalization characteristics of AYA CM inpatients, determine which factors lead to the greater length of stay (LOS) and cost of care for AYA CM inpatients, and evaluate trends in the prevalence, LOS, and cost of care for AYA CM hospitalizations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study of nationally representative data from the 2009 to 2015 National Inpatient Sample. Multivariable survey-weighted logistic regression models were used to determine sociodemographic factors associated with AYA CM hospitalization. Multivariable survey-weighted linear regression models were used to determine characteristics associated with the greater cost of care and LOS in AYA CM inpatients. RESULTS A total of 8986 AYA CM inpatients were included in this study. The prevalence of AYA CM hospitalizations is decreasing over time while the cost of care is increasing. On average, AYA CM hospitalizations were 3.3 days long and cost $38,018.40. Controlling for all covariates, male sex, older age, non-Hispanic white race, higher income, private insurance, and elective admissions were associated with AYA hospitalization due to CM (P<0.0001). Male sex was associated with longer LOS (P=0.007) and cost of care (P=0.01) among AYA hospitalized for CM. CONCLUSIONS Despite a decreasing prevalence of CM hospitalizations in AYA inpatients, the economic burden of these hospitalizations is increasing. Substantial sex-based differences exist in the inpatient burden of AYA CM. Further research is required to elucidate the causes of these differences and prevent AYA hospitalization due to CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Tripathi
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
| | - Konrad D Knusel
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
| | - Harib H Ezaldein
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
| | - Jeremy S Bordeaux
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
| | - Jeffrey F Scott
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
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Sever B, Altıntop MD, Radwan MO, Özdemir A, Otsuka M, Fujita M, Ciftci HI. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of thiazolyl-pyrazolines as dual EGFR and HER2 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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26
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Gastrodin, a traditional Chinese medicine monomer compound, can be used as adjuvant to enhance the immunogenicity of melanoma vaccines. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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27
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Rochefort P, Roussel J, de la Fouchardière A, Sarabi M, Desseigne F, Guibert P, Cattey-Javouhey A, Mastier C, Neidhardt-Berard EM, de la Fouchardière C. Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus, treated with immunotherapy: a case report. Immunotherapy 2019; 10:831-835. [PMID: 30073896 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is rare, accounting for less than 0.1-0.2% of all esophageal malignancies. It is associated with a poor outcome due to late detection and high metastatic potential. Here, we report a case of esophageal cancer, which was initially diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma and finally was confirmed as a primary malignant melanoma. This 75-year-old Caucasian male had a history of dysphagia and recent lingering abdominal pain. First biopsy showed a poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma. He was then treated with neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy. Biopsies were repeated because of an incomplete tumor response, evaluated by endoscopic and imaging studies. The final diagnosis was a malignant melanoma. The patient has been treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab, an anti-PD1 antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Rochefort
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Juliette Roussel
- Department of Biopathology, Centre Leon Berard, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | | | - Matthieu Sarabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Françoise Desseigne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Guibert
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Anne Cattey-Javouhey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Charles Mastier
- Departement of Radiology, Centre Leon Berard, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
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Guerra RL, Corrêa FDM, Fernandes RRA, Zimmerman IR. Custo-utilidade de terapias-alvo comparadas à dacarbazina para o tratamento de primeira linha do melanoma avançado não-cirúrgico e metastático no Sistema Único de Saúde do Brazil. Value Health Reg Issues 2019; 20:103-109. [PMID: 31174179 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of isolated and combined targeted therapy regimens compared to dacarbazine for first-line treatment of advanced and metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600 mutation. METHODS A Markov model with three health states (no progression, progression and death), monthly duration cycle and 10-year time horizon was constructed to compare targeted therapy regimens (vemurafenib, dabrafenib, vemurafenib/cobimetinib and dabrafenib/trametinib) with dacarbazine chemotherapy under the Brazilian public health perspective. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS Mean cost was R$5662.50 ($1490.13) for dacarbazine, R$175 937.18 (46 299.26) for vemurafenib, R$167 461.70 ($44 068.87) for dabrafenib, R$425 901 ($112 079.21) for vemurafenib/cobimetinib and R$411 799.81 ($108 368.37) for dabrafenib/trametinib, whereas QALY was 0.91 for dacarbazine, 1.08 for vemurafenib, 1.12 for dabrafenib, 1.64 for vemurafenib/cobimetinib and 1.56 for dabrafenib/trametinib. The ICUR was estimated from R$572 165.76 ($150 569.94) to R$1 012 524.56 ($266 453.83) per patient, and the most impactful parameters were risk of progression and death, and treatment cost. CONCLUSION The incorporation of targeted therapies in the Brazilian public health system would produce an additional expenditure of at least 19 times the national GDP per capita to increase in one year the quality-adjusted survival of each patient with advanced/metastatic BRAF-mutant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Leborato Guerra
- Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde da Divisão de Pesquisa Populacional do Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Flávia de Miranda Corrêa
- Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde da Divisão de Pesquisa Populacional do Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro Alves Fernandes
- Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde da Divisão de Pesquisa Populacional do Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ivan Ricardo Zimmerman
- Departamento de Assistência Farmacêutica e Insumos Estratégicos da Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia e Insumos Estratégicos do Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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29
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Incorvaia L, Badalamenti G, Rinaldi G, Iovanna JL, Olive D, Swayden M, Terruso L, Vincenzi B, Fulfaro F, Bazan V, Russo A, Fanale D. Can the plasma PD-1 levels predict the presence and efficiency of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with metastatic melanoma? Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919848872. [PMID: 31205506 PMCID: PMC6535916 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919848872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune response in melanoma patients is locally affected by presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), generally divided into brisk, nonbrisk, and absent. Several studies have shown that a greater presence of TILs, especially brisk, in primary melanoma is associated with a better prognosis and higher survival rate. PATIENTS AND METHODS We investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) the correlation between PD-1 levels in plasma and the presence/absence of TILs in 28 patients with metastatic melanoma. RESULTS Low plasma PD-1 levels were correlated with brisk TILs in primary melanoma, whereas intermediate values correlated with the nonbrisk TILs, and high PD-1 levels with absent TILs. Although the low number of samples did not allow us to obtain a statistically significant correlation between the plasma PD-1 levels and the patients' overall survival depending on the absence/presence of TILs, the median survival of patients having brisk type TILs was 5 months higher than that of patients with absent and nonbrisk TILs. CONCLUSIONS This work highlights the ability of measuring the plasma PD-1 levels in order to predict the prognosis of patients with untreated metastatic melanoma without a BRAF mutation at the time of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Incorvaia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Badalamenti
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetana Rinaldi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Juan Lucio Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Mirna Swayden
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Lidia Terruso
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bruno Vincenzi
- Medical Oncology Department, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Fulfaro
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Bazan
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Fanale
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Mirili C, Yılmaz A, Demirkan S, Bilici M, Basol Tekin S. Clinical significance of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in malignant melanoma. Int J Clin Oncol 2019; 24:1301-1310. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Soumoy L, Kindt N, Ghanem G, Saussez S, Journe F. Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040529. [PMID: 31013837 PMCID: PMC6520935 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory cytokine involved in the carcinogenesis of many cancer types. Here, we review the published experimental and clinical data for MIF and its involvement in melanoma. All reported data show that MIF is overexpressed in melanoma cells, especially in case of metastatic disease. Clinical studies also indicate that high MIF expression is positively associated with aggressiveness of the disease. Some data also highlight the implication of MIF in angiogenesis, immunity and metastasis in melanoma cell lines, as well as the availability of different therapeutic options targeting MIF for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Indeed, the main problem in metastatic melanoma is the lack of long-term effective treatment. This is linked to the capacity of melanoma cells to mutate very quickly and/or activate alternative signaling pathways. Thus, MIF targeting therapies could provide a new effective way of treating melanoma. Moreover, cell sensitivity to MIF depletion does not correlate with the BRAF mutational status. Regarding the fact that many melanoma patients carry a BRAF mutation, and that they develop resistance to BRAF inhibitors, this observation is very interesting as MIF inhibitors could be used to treat many patients in relapse after treatment with an inhibitor of the mutant BRAF protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Soumoy
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Université de Mons (UMons), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Nadège Kindt
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Université de Mons (UMons), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Ghanem Ghanem
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sven Saussez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Université de Mons (UMons), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Fabrice Journe
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Université de Mons (UMons), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
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Flem-Karlsen K, Tekle C, Øyjord T, Flørenes VA, Mælandsmo GM, Fodstad Ø, Nunes-Xavier CE. p38 MAPK activation through B7-H3-mediated DUSP10 repression promotes chemoresistance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5839. [PMID: 30967582 PMCID: PMC6456585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42303-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoregulatory protein B7-H3 is involved in the oncogenic and metastatic potential of cancer cells, as well as in drug resistance. Resistance to conventional chemotherapy is an important aspect of melanoma treatment, and a better understanding of how B7-H3 enhances drug resistance may lead to the development of more effective therapies. We investigated the in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents dacarbazine (DTIC) and cisplatin in sensitive and drug resistant melanoma cells with knockdown expression of B7-H3. We found that knockdown of B7-H3 increased in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of melanoma cells to the chemotherapeutic agents dacarbazine (DTIC) and cisplatin, in parallel with a decrease in p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Importantly, in B7-H3 knockdown cells we observed an increase in the expression of dual-specific MAP kinase phosphatase (MKP) DUSP10, a MKP known to dephosphorylate and inactivate p38 MAPK. DUSP10 knockdown by siRNA resulted in a reversion of the increased DTIC-sensitivity seen in B7-H3 knockdown cells. Our findings highlight the potential therapeutic benefit of combining chemotherapy with B7-H3 inhibition, and indicate that B7-H3 mediated chemoresistance in melanoma cells is driven through a mechanism involving DUSP10-mediated inactivation of p38 MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Flem-Karlsen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christina Tekle
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tove Øyjord
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vivi A Flørenes
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunhild M Mælandsmo
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT/The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Øystein Fodstad
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Caroline E Nunes-Xavier
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
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Skoko J, Rožanc J, Charles EM, Alexopoulos LG, Rehm M. Post-treatment de-phosphorylation of p53 correlates with dasatinib responsiveness in malignant melanoma. BMC Cell Biol 2018; 19:28. [PMID: 30587121 PMCID: PMC6307246 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-018-0180-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dasatinib (Sprycel) was developed as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting Bcr-Abl and the family of Src kinases. Dasatinib is commonly used for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic and chronic myelogenous leukemia. Previous clinical studies in melanoma returned inconclusive results and suggested that patients respond highly heterogeneously to dasatinib as single agent or in combination with standard-of-care chemotherapeutic dacarbazine. Reliable biomarkers to predict dasatinib responsiveness in melanoma have not yet been developed. RESULTS Here, we collected comprehensive in vitro data from experimentally well-controlled conditions to study the effect of dasatinib, alone and in combination with dacarbazine, on cell proliferation and cell survival. Sixteen treatment conditions, covering therapeutically relevant concentrations ranges of both drugs, were tested in 12 melanoma cell lines with diverse mutational backgrounds. Melanoma cell lines responded heterogeneously and, importantly, dasatinib and dacarbazine did not synergize in suppressing proliferation or inducing cell death. Since dasatinib is a promiscuous kinase inhibitor, possibly affecting multiple disease-relevant pathways, we also determined if basal phospho-protein amounts and treatment-induced changes in phospho-protein levels are indicative of dasatinib responsiveness. We found that treatment-induced de-phosphorylation of p53 correlates with dasatinib responsiveness in malignant melanoma. CONCLUSIONS Loss of p53 phosphorylation might be an interesting candidate for a kinetic marker of dasatinib responsiveness in melanoma, pending more comprehensive validation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josip Skoko
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jan Rožanc
- ProtATonce Ltd, Science Park Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - Emilie M Charles
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Leonidas G Alexopoulos
- ProtATonce Ltd, Science Park Demokritos, Athens, Greece.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Markus Rehm
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland. .,Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland. .,Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany. .,Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Ozola A, Ruklisa D, Pjanova D. Association of the 16q24.3 region gene variants rs1805007 and rs4785763 with heightened risk of melanoma in Latvian population. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Ding Y, Zhang S, Qiao J. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in melanoma: Evidence from a PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11446. [PMID: 30045267 PMCID: PMC6078713 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have investigated the prognostic impact of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with melanoma but the results were controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the prognostic value of NLR in melanoma. METHODS The databases of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched. Associations between NLR and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were investigated by pooling hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of 12 studies comprising 3207 patients were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that a high NLR was associated with poor OS (HR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.64-3.04, P < .001, random-effects model) and PFS (HR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.78-2.69, P < .001, fixed-effects model). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that NLR was still associated with poor OS and PFS for patients in Western countries who were treated with ipilimumab. No significant publication bias was found in this meta-analysis. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis demonstrated that a high NLR was predictive of poor OS and PFS in patients with melanoma.
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Ginkgo biloba Exocarp Extract Inhibits the Metastasis of B16-F10 Melanoma Involving PI3K/Akt/NF- κB/MMP-9 Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:4969028. [PMID: 30046339 PMCID: PMC6036818 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4969028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, interest in natural plant extracts for cancer treatment is growing in the drug development field. Ginkgo biloba exocarp extract (GBEE) is known for possessing inhibitory effects on various mouse and human cancer cells. And no adverse reactions were observed during its clinical application to cancer patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of GBEE on the metastasis of B16-F10 melanoma and its related mechanisms. The B16-F10 melanoma lung metastasis model was established in C57BL/6J mice. It was found that GBEE inhibited the growth and pulmonary metastasis of B16-F10 melanoma transplanted tumor and downregulated the level of MMP-9 protein. Meanwhile, the B16-F10 cells were used to study in vitro. The results showed that GBEE inhibited the proliferation and migration of B16-F10 cells. Simultaneously, it suppressed the heterogeneous adhesion of B16-F10 cells to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt, NF-κB, and MMP-9 were decreased, while the PI3K and Akt were not significantly changed. These results indicate that GBEE can inhibit the metastasis of B16-F10 melanoma via multiple links and the molecular mechanism involved the regulation of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB/MMP-9 signaling pathway.
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Franchino F, Rudà R, Soffietti R. Mechanisms and Therapy for Cancer Metastasis to the Brain. Front Oncol 2018; 8:161. [PMID: 29881714 PMCID: PMC5976742 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in chemotherapy and targeted therapies have improved survival in cancer patients with an increase of the incidence of newly diagnosed brain metastases (BMs). Intracranial metastases are symptomatic in 60–70% of patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium is more sensitive than computed tomography and advanced neuroimaging techniques have been increasingly used in the detection, treatment planning, and follow-up of BM. Apart from the morphological analysis, the most effective tool for characterizing BM is immunohistochemistry. Molecular alterations not always reflect those of the primary tumor. More sophisticated methods of tumor analysis detecting circulating biomarkers in fluids (liquid biopsy), including circulating DNA, circulating tumor cells, and extracellular vesicles, containing tumor DNA and macromolecules (microRNA), have shown promise regarding tumor treatment response and progression. The choice of therapeutic approaches is guided by prognostic scores (Recursive Partitioning Analysis and diagnostic-specific Graded Prognostic Assessment-DS-GPA). The survival benefit of surgical resection seems limited to the subgroup of patients with controlled systemic disease and good performance status. Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) can be a complication, especially in posterior fossa metastases undergoing a “piecemeal” resection. Radiosurgery of the resection cavity may offer comparable survival and local control as postoperative whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). WBRT alone is now the treatment of choice only for patients with single or multiple BMs not amenable to surgery or radiosurgery, or with poor prognostic factors. To reduce the neurocognitive sequelae of WBRT intensity modulated radiotherapy with hippocampal sparing, and pharmacological approaches (memantine and donepezil) have been investigated. In the last decade, a multitude of molecular abnormalities have been discovered. Approximately 33% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors and epidermal growth factor receptor mutations develop BMs, which are targetable with different generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs: gefitinib, erlotinib, afatinib, icotinib, and osimertinib). Other “druggable” alterations seen in up to 5% of NSCLC patients are the rearrangements of the “anaplastic lymphoma kinase” gene TKI (crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib, and lorlatinib). In human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, breast cancer targeted therapies have been widely used (trastuzumab, trastuzumab-emtansine, lapatinib-capecitabine, and neratinib). Novel targeted and immunotherapeutic agents have also revolutionized the systemic management of melanoma (ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and BRAF inhibitors dabrafenib and vemurafenib).
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Franchino
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Rudà
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Soffietti
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
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Joung JY, Kwon WA, Lim J, Oh CM, Jung KW, Kim SH, Seo HK, Park WS, Chung J, Lee KH, Won YJ. Second Primary Cancer Risk among Kidney Cancer Patients in Korea: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Cancer Res Treat 2018; 50:293-301. [PMID: 28421722 PMCID: PMC5784635 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2016.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Secondary primary cancers (SPCs) commonly arise in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We designed the present study to estimate the SPC incidence in Korean patients with RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study cohort was population-based and consisted of 40,347 individuals from the Korean Central Cancer Registry who were diagnosed with primary renal cancer between 1993 and 2013. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for SPCs were estimated for different ages at diagnosis, latencies, diagnostic periods, and treatments. RESULTS For patients with primary RCC, the risk of developing a SPC was higher than the risk of developing cancer in the general population (SIR, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 1.18). Most cancer types showed higher incidences in patients with RCC than in the general population. However, the relative incidence of gastric cancer as an SPC varied by age. Gastric cancer incidence was elevated in young patients (< 30 years) with RCC, but reduced in older (≥ 30) patients with RCC. Patients with advanced RCC died prematurely, regardless of SPC development. In contrast, those with early-stage RCC survived for longer periods, although SPC development affected their post-RCC survival. After SPC development, women had better survival than men. CONCLUSION In Korean patients with primary RCC, the incidence of SPC was 13% higher than the incidence of cancer in the general population. These findings may play important roles in the conduct of follow-up evaluations and education for patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Joung
- Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Whi-An Kwon
- Department of Urology, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Gunpo, Korea
| | - Jiwon Lim
- Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Oh
- Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Jung
- Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung Han Kim
- Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ho Kyung Seo
- Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Weon Seo Park
- Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jinsoo Chung
- Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young-Joo Won
- Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Huang X, He J, Zhang HT, Sun K, Yang J, Wang H, Zhang H, Guo Z, Zha ZG, Zhou C. Effect of dacarbazine on CD44 in live melanoma cells as measured by atomic force microscopy-based nanoscopy. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:8867-8886. [PMID: 29296081 PMCID: PMC5739545 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s149107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44 ligand-receptor interactions are known to be involved in regulating cell migration and tumor cell metastasis. High expression levels of CD44 correlate with a poor prognosis of melanoma patients. In order to understand not only the mechanistic basis for dacarbazine (DTIC)-based melanoma treatment but also the reason for the poor prognosis of melanoma patients treated with DTIC, dynamic force spectroscopy was used to structurally map single native CD44-coupled receptors on the surface of melanoma cells. The effect of DTIC treatment was quantified by the dynamic binding strength and the ligand-binding free-energy landscape. The results demonstrated no obvious effect of DTIC on the unbinding force between CD44 ligand and its receptor, even when the CD44 nanodomains were reduced significantly. However, DTIC did perturb the kinetic and thermodynamic interactions of the CD44 ligand-receptor, with a resultant greater dissociation rate, lower affinity, lower binding free energy, and a narrower energy valley for the free-energy landscape. For cells treated with 25 and 75 μg/mL DTIC for 24 hours, the dissociation constant for CD44 increased 9- and 70-fold, respectively. The CD44 ligand binding free energy decreased from 9.94 for untreated cells to 8.65 and 7.39 kcal/mol for DTIC-treated cells, which indicated that the CD44 ligand-receptor complexes on DTIC-treated melanoma cells were less stable than on untreated cells. However, affinity remained in the micromolar range, rather than the millimolar range associated with nonaffinity ligands. Hence, the CD44 receptor could still be activated, resulting in intracellular signaling that could trigger a cellular response. These results demonstrate DTIC perturbs, but not completely inhibits, the binding of CD44 ligand to membrane receptors, suggesting a basis for the poor prognosis associated with DTIC treatment of melanoma. Overall, atomic force microscopy-based nanoscopic methods offer thermodynamic and kinetic insight into the effect of DTIC on the CD44 ligand-binding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Huang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University
| | - Jiexiang He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan-tian Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
| | - Huajun Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
| | - Hongxin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhao Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-gang Zha
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
| | - Changren Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
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Macías M, Alegre E, Díaz-Lagares A, Patiño A, Pérez-Gracia JL, Sanmamed M, López-López R, Varo N, González A. Liquid Biopsy: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice. Adv Clin Chem 2017; 83:73-119. [PMID: 29304904 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy refers to the molecular analysis in biological fluids of nucleic acids, subcellular structures, especially exosomes, and, in the context of cancer, circulating tumor cells. In the last 10 years, there has been an intensive research in liquid biopsy to achieve a less invasive and more precise personalized medicine. Molecular assessment of these circulating biomarkers can complement or even surrogate tissue biopsy. Because of this research, liquid biopsy has been introduced in clinical practice, especially in oncology, prenatal screening, and transplantation. Here we review the biology, methodological approaches, and clinical applications of the main biomarkers involved in liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Estibaliz Alegre
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; The Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Angel Díaz-Lagares
- Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Roche-CHUS Joint Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Patiño
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; The Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose L Pérez-Gracia
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; The Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel Sanmamed
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rafael López-López
- Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Roche-CHUS Joint Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nerea Varo
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; The Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alvaro González
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; The Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.
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41
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Hermel DJ, Ott PA. Combining forces: the promise and peril of synergistic immune checkpoint blockade and targeted therapy in metastatic melanoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2017; 36:43-50. [PMID: 28181070 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9656-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Both immune checkpoint inhibitors and molecularly targeted agents have dramatically improved clinical outcomes for patients with metastatic melanoma. These two therapeutic approaches harness distinct mechanistic pathways-on the one hand, monoclonal antibodies against the immune checkpoints CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 stimulate the T cell mediated host immune response, while targeted inhibitors of the proto-oncogenes BRAF and MEK disrupt constitutive kinase activity responsible for tumor growth. The prospect of combining these two treatment modalities has been proposed as a potential way to increase overall response rate, extend durability of the anti-tumor response, and circumvent the immune-mediated resistance to targeted therapy. This review explores the preclinical rationale-building upon a wealth of in vitro and in vivo studies-for improved anti-tumor efficacy from combined immune checkpoint inhibition and targeted therapy. In the process, we detail the early clinical trials that have assessed the compatibility of combining these two therapies and the unexpected challenges faced from studies showing increased toxicity from these regimens. Ultimately, with more clinical data expected to mature and accrue in the near future, we elucidate a potentially novel and promising strategy for patients with advanced melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Hermel
- Resident Physician, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patrick A Ott
- Melanoma Disease Center and Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215-5450, USA.
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42
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Uehara J, Ohkuri T, Kosaka A, Ishibashi K, Hirata Y, Ohara K, Nagato T, Oikawa K, Aoki N, Harabuchi Y, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Kobayashi H. Intratumoral injection of IFN-β induces chemokine production in melanoma and augments the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-L1 mAb. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Chan XY, Singh A, Osman N, Piva TJ. Role Played by Signalling Pathways in Overcoming BRAF Inhibitor Resistance in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071527. [PMID: 28708099 PMCID: PMC5536016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the BRAFV600E mutation led to the development of vemurafenib (PLX4032), a selective BRAF inhibitor specific to the kinase, for the treatment of metastatic melanomas. However, initial success of the drug was dampened by the development of acquired resistance. Melanoma was shown to relapse in patients following treatment with vemurafenib which eventually led to patients' deaths. It has been proposed that mechanisms of resistance can be due to (1) reactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway via secondary mutations, amplification or activation of target kinase(s), (2) the bypass of oncogenic pathway via activation of alternative signalling pathways, (3) other uncharacterized mechanisms. Studies showed that receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) such as PDGFRβ, IGF1R, EGFR and c-Met were overexpressed in melanoma cells. Along with increased secretion of growth factors such as HGF and TGF-α, this will trigger intracellular signalling cascades. This review discusses the role MAPK and Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B-mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K-AKT-mTOR) pathways play in the mechanism of resistance of melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Yang Chan
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Alamdeep Singh
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Narin Osman
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba 4102, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Terrence J Piva
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia.
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44
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Zhao Y, Wu C, Li L. MicroRNA-33b inhibits cell proliferation and glycolysis by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in malignant melanoma. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1299-1306. [PMID: 28781622 PMCID: PMC5526185 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most aggressive type of skin cancer. MicroRNA (miR) has been implicated in the development and progression of MM; however, their underlying mechanism of action remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-33b in MM. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction data indicated that the expression of miR-33b was significantly reduced (P<0.01) in MM cell lines, including WM35, WM451 and SK-MEL-1, when compared with human melanocyte cells. Subsequently, WM451 and SK-MEL-1 cells were transfected with an miR-33b mimic or inhibitor. MTT assay data demonstrated that the viability of MM cells markedly decreased following miR-33b overexpression; however, viability was markedly upregulated following miR-33b knockdown. Additionally, the glycolysis level was examined. Results demonstrated that glucose consumption and lactic acid production were significantly downregulated (P<0.01) after miR-33b upregulation, whereas these levels significantly increased in MM cells transfected with miR-33b inhibitor (P<0.01), suggesting that miR-33b negatively mediates the glycolysis level in MM cells. Bioinformatics indicated that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α was a putative target gene of miR-33b, and this was confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay, which demonstrated that miR-33b was able to directly bind to the 3′ untranslated region of HIF-1α mRNA. Furthermore, the expression of HIF-1α was negatively regulated by miR-33b at the post-transcriptional level in MM cells. Overexpression of HIF-1α reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-33b on the proliferation and glycolysis in MM cells. Finally, the results of the present study demonstrated that hexokinase 2 and lactate dehydrogenase-A may be involved in miR-33b/HIF-1α mediated glycolysis in MM cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that miR-33b inhibits cell proliferation and glycolysis by targeting HIF-1α in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Heping Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Cuiling Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Lina Li
- Department of Pathology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
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Alqahtani S, Alhefdhi AY, Almalik O, Anwar I, Mahmood R, Mahasin Z, Al-Tweigeri T. Primary oral malignant melanoma metastasis to the brain and breast: A case report and literature review. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1275-1280. [PMID: 28789341 PMCID: PMC5529946 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary oral malignant melanoma is a rare tumor, which is estimated to comprise 0.2–8.0% of all melanoma cases. This type of cancer is fairly uncommon, its prognosis is dismal, and it frequently exhibits a biologically aggressive behavior. The common location of primary oral malignant melanoma is the hard palate and maxillary alveolus. In ~85% of cases, the melanoma will metastasize to the liver, lung, bone and brain early in the course of the disease. The present study reports the case of a 50-year-old premenopausal woman who presented with primary oral malignant spindle cell melanoma (T3bN2aM0) and underwent complete surgical resection followed by an adjuvant course of radiation therapy. After 1 year, the patient presented with sudden onset slurred speech, and upon examination, was found to have left-sided hemiparesis and a hard left breast mass. Workup confirmed breast and brain metastasis. The patient developed lung metastasis 4 weeks later and was referred for palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Alqahtani
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Al Majmaah University, Academic City, Al Majmaah 15341, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Y Alhefdhi
- Department of General Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Almalik
- Department of General Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ihab Anwar
- Department of General Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Mahmood
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Mahasin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Communication, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Taher Al-Tweigeri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Trino E, Mantovani C, Badellino S, Ricardi U, Filippi AR. Radiosurgery/stereotactic radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy and targeted agents for melanoma brain metastases. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2017; 17:347-356. [PMID: 28277101 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2017.1296764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The clinical landscape of advanced melanoma drastically changed after the introduction of both targeted therapies and immunotherapy. This rapid development in systemic therapies led to a change in the management of patients with brain metastases, with the subsequent need to re-assess the role of local therapies, in particular stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Areas covered: In this non-systematic review, we report on the current knowledge on the use of SRS in combination with immunotherapy and BRAF/MEK inhibitors for patients with melanoma brain metastases, as well as ongoing trials in this field. Expert commentary: It is now more common to observe patients with melanoma brain metastases with better performance status and prolonged life expectancy. A combination of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, in different sequences, has been shown to be feasible and well tolerable, on the basis of retrospective reports. Additional data from ongoing prospective trials are however needed to confirm or not these findings and better explore the efficacy of the combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Trino
- a Department of Oncology , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Cristina Mantovani
- b Radiation Oncology , Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital , Torino , Italy
| | - Serena Badellino
- b Radiation Oncology , Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital , Torino , Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- a Department of Oncology , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
- b Radiation Oncology , Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital , Torino , Italy
| | - Andrea Riccardo Filippi
- a Department of Oncology , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
- c Radiation Oncology , San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital , Orbassano , Italy
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Vetma V, Rožanc J, Charles EM, Hellwig CT, Alexopoulos LG, Rehm M. Examining the In Vitro Efficacy of the IAP Antagonist Birinapant as a Single Agent or in Combination With Dacarbazine to Induce Melanoma Cell Death. Oncol Res 2017; 25:1489-1494. [PMID: 28337955 PMCID: PMC7841063 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x14897145996933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Antagonists of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), alone or in combination with genotoxic therapeutics, have been shown to efficiently induce cell death in various solid tumors. The IAP antagonist birinapant is currently being tested in phase II clinical trials. We herein aimed to investigate the antitumor efficacy of dacarbazine in vitro, both as a single agent and in combination with birinapant, in melanoma cell lines. Covering clinically relevant drug concentration ranges, we conducted a total of 5,400 measurements in a panel of 12 human melanoma cell lines representing different stages of disease progression. Surprisingly, functionally relevant synergies or response potentiation in combination treatments was not observed, and only one cell line modestly responded to birinapant single treatment (approximately 16% cell death). Although we did not study the underlying resistance mechanisms or more complex in vivo scenarios in which dacarbazine/birinapant response synergies may still possibly manifest, our findings are nevertheless noteworthy because IAP antagonists were demonstrated to strongly enhance responses to DNA-damaging agents in cell lines of other cancer types under comparable experimental conditions in vitro.
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48
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Xu DH, Zhu Z, Xiao H, Wakefield MR, Bai Q, Nicholl MB, Ding VA, Fang Y. Unveil the mysterious mask of cytokine-based immunotherapy for melanoma. Cancer Lett 2017; 394:43-51. [PMID: 28254411 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the leading cause of death among all skin cancers and its incidence continues to rise rapidly worldwide in the past decades. The available treatment options for melanoma remain limited despite extensive clinical research. Melanoma is an immunogenic tumor and great advances in immunology in recent decades allow for the development of immunotherapeutic agents against melanoma. In recent years, immunotherapy utilizing cytokines has been particularly successful in certain cancers and holds promise for patients with advanced melanoma. In this review, an overview of the current status and emerging perspectives on cytokine immunotherapy for melanoma are discussed in details. Such a study will be helpful to unveil the mysterious mask of cytokine-based immunotherapy for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dixon H Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA
| | - Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Huaping Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA; The Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Mark R Wakefield
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | | | - Vivi A Ding
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA
| | - Yujiang Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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49
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Morton SK, Morton AP. Melanoma and pregnancy. Australas J Dermatol 2017; 58:259-267. [PMID: 28185271 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most common cancer in women during their reproductive years and kills more young Australians than any other single cancer. Care of women whose pregnancy is complicated by a diagnosis of malignancy is complex. The risk of delaying treatment to the mother, the short-term and long-term risks of premature delivery to the child, and the immediate risks to the foetus and long-term risks to the child of maternal treatment with surgery, radiotherapy or medical therapies must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kym Morton
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adam Park Morton
- Department of Obstetric Medicine, Mater Health Services, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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50
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Tse AKW, Chen YJ, Fu XQ, Su T, Li T, Guo H, Zhu PL, Kwan HY, Cheng BCY, Cao HH, Lee SKW, Fong WF, Yu ZL. Sensitization of melanoma cells to alkylating agent-induced DNA damage and cell death via orchestrating oxidative stress and IKKβ inhibition. Redox Biol 2017; 11:562-576. [PMID: 28107677 PMCID: PMC5247288 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrosourea represents one of the most active classes of chemotherapeutic alkylating agents for metastatic melanoma. Treatment with nitrosoureas caused severe systemic side effects which hamper its clinical use. Here, we provide pharmacological evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction and IKKβ inhibition cooperatively enhance nitrosourea-induced cytotoxicity in melanoma cells. We identified SC-514 as a ROS-inducing IKKβ inhibitor which enhanced the function of nitrosoureas. Elevated ROS level results in increased DNA crosslink efficiency triggered by nitrosoureas and IKKβ inhibition enhances DNA damage signals and sensitizes nitrosourea-induced cell death. Using xenograft mouse model, we confirm that ROS-inducing IKKβ inhibitor cooperates with nitrosourea to reduce tumor size and malignancy in vivo. Taken together, our results illustrate a new direction in nitrosourea treatment, and reveal that the combination of ROS-inducing IKKβ inhibitors with nitrosoureas can be potentially exploited for melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anfernee Kai-Wing Tse
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
| | - Ying-Jie Chen
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiu-Qiong Fu
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Tao Su
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Ting Li
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Hui Guo
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Pei-Li Zhu
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Hiu-Yee Kwan
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Brian Chi-Yan Cheng
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Hui-Hui Cao
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Sally Kin-Wah Lee
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Wang-Fun Fong
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhi-Ling Yu
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
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