1
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Qiang RR, Xiang Y, Zhang L, Bai XY, Zhang D, Li YJ, Yang YL, Liu XL. Ferroptosis: A new strategy for targeting Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105773. [PMID: 38789042 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a complex pathogenesis, which involves the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Many recent studies have revealed a close association between ferroptosis and the pathogenesis of AD. Factors such as ferroptosis-associated iron overload, lipid peroxidation, disturbances in redox homeostasis, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species have been found to contribute to the pathological progression of AD. In this review, we explore the mechanisms underlying ferroptosis, describe the link between ferroptosis and AD, and examine the reported efficacy of ferroptosis inhibitors in treating AD. Finally, we discuss the potential challenges to ferroptosis inhibitors use in the clinic, enabling their faster use in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yang Xiang
- College of Physical Education, Yan'an University, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Xin Yue Bai
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Die Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yang Jing Li
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yan Ling Yang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Xiao Long Liu
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China.
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2
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Palir N, Stajnko A, Mazej D, France Štiglic A, Rosolen V, Mariuz M, Ronfani L, Snoj Tratnik J, Runkel AA, Tursunova V, Marc J, Prpić I, Špirić Z, Barbone F, Horvat M, Falnoga I. Maternal APOE ε2 as a possible risk factor for elevated prenatal Pb levels. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 260:119583. [PMID: 38992759 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a global contaminant associated with multiple adverse health effects. Humans are especially vulnerable during critical developmental stages. During pregnancy, exposure to Pb can occur through diet and release from maternal bones. Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) variants (ɛ2, ɛ3, ɛ4 alleles) may influence sex steroid hormones, bone metabolism, and Pb kinetics. We examined the interplay among maternal APOE (mAPOE) genotypes, fetal sex, parity, and Pb in maternal and cord blood (mB-Pb, CB-Pb) using linear regression models. Our study involved 817 pregnant women and 772 newborns with measured adequate levels of zinc and selenium. We compared carriers of the ε2 and ε4 alleles to those with the ε3/ε3 genotype. The geometric means (range) of mB-Pb and CB-Pb were 11.1 (3.58-87.6) and 9.31 (1.82-47.0) ng/g, respectively. In cases with female fetuses, the maternal mAPOE ε2 allele was associated with higher, while the mAPOE ε4 allele was associated with lower mB-Pb and CB-Pb levels. Nulliparity increased the strength of the observed associations. These findings highlight the significance of mAPOE genetics, fetal sex, and parity in prenatal Pb kinetics. Notably, the maternal ε2 allele may increase the risk of Pb exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neža Palir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Stajnko
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Mazej
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka France Štiglic
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valentina Rosolen
- Central Directorate for Health, Social Policies and Disability, Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, 34124, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marika Mariuz
- Central Directorate for Health, Social Policies and Disability, Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, 34124, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Ronfani
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Janja Snoj Tratnik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Agneta Annika Runkel
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Janja Marc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Prpić
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Rijeka, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Fabio Barbone
- Central Directorate for Health, Social Policies and Disability, Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, 34124, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129, Trieste, Italy
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ingrid Falnoga
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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3
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Valdez-Gaxiola CA, Rosales-Leycegui F, Gaxiola-Rubio A, Moreno-Ortiz JM, Figuera LE. Early- and Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease: Two Sides of the Same Coin? Diseases 2024; 12:110. [PMID: 38920542 PMCID: PMC11202866 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD), defined as Alzheimer's disease onset before 65 years of age, has been significantly less studied than the "classic" late-onset form (LOAD), although EOAD often presents with a more aggressive disease course, caused by variants in the APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes. EOAD has significant differences from LOAD, including encompassing diverse phenotypic manifestations, increased genetic predisposition, and variations in neuropathological burden and distribution. Phenotypically, EOAD can be manifested with non-amnestic variants, sparing the hippocampi with increased tau burden. The aim of this article is to review the different genetic bases, risk factors, pathological mechanisms, and diagnostic approaches between EOAD and LOAD and to suggest steps to further our understanding. The comprehension of the monogenic form of the disease can provide valuable insights that may serve as a roadmap for understanding the common form of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A. Valdez-Gaxiola
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (F.R.-L.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Frida Rosales-Leycegui
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (F.R.-L.)
- Maestría en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Abigail Gaxiola-Rubio
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Miguel Moreno-Ortiz
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luis E. Figuera
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (F.R.-L.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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4
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Grewal T, Nguyen MKL, Buechler C. Cholesterol and COVID-19-therapeutic opportunities at the host/virus interface during cell entry. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302453. [PMID: 38388172 PMCID: PMC10883773 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of vaccines to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections has been critical to reduce the severity of COVID-19. However, the continuous emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 subtypes highlights the need to develop additional approaches that oppose viral infections. Targeting host factors that support virus entry, replication, and propagation provide opportunities to lower SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and improve COVID-19 outcome. This includes cellular cholesterol, which is critical for viral spike proteins to capture the host machinery for SARS-CoV-2 cell entry. Once endocytosed, exit of SARS-CoV-2 from the late endosomal/lysosomal compartment occurs in a cholesterol-sensitive manner. In addition, effective release of new viral particles also requires cholesterol. Hence, cholesterol-lowering statins, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 antibodies, and ezetimibe have revealed potential to protect against COVID-19. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of cholesterol exiting late endosomes/lysosomes identified drug candidates, including antifungals, to block SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review describes the multiple roles of cholesterol at the cell surface and endolysosomes for SARS-CoV-2 entry and the potential of drugs targeting cholesterol homeostasis to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and COVID-19 disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grewal
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mai Khanh Linh Nguyen
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christa Buechler
- https://ror.org/01226dv09 Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
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5
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Madden B, Singh RD, Haas M, Palma LMP, Sharma A, Vargas MJ, Gross L, Negron V, Nate T, Charlesworth MC, Theis JD, Nasr SH, Nath KA, Fervenza FC, Sethi S. Apolipoprotein E is enriched in dense deposits and is a marker for dense deposit disease in C3 glomerulopathy. Kidney Int 2024; 105:1077-1087. [PMID: 38447879 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a rare disease resulting from dysregulation of the alternative pathway of complement. C3G includes C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) and dense deposit disease (DDD), both of which are characterized by bright glomerular C3 staining on immunofluorescence studies. However, on electron microscopy (EM), DDD is characterized by dense osmiophilic mesangial and intramembranous deposits along the glomerular basement membranes (GBM), while the deposits of C3GN are not dense. Why the deposits appear dense in DDD and not in C3GN is not known. We performed laser microdissection (LCM) of glomeruli followed by mass spectrometry (MS) in 12 cases each of DDD, C3GN, and pretransplant kidney control biopsies. LCM/MS showed marked accumulation of complement proteins C3, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9 and complement regulating proteins CFHR5, CFHR1, and CFH in C3GN and DDD compared to controls. C3, CFH and CFHR proteins were comparable in C3GN and DDD. Yet, there were significant differences. First, there was a six-to-nine-fold increase of C5-9 in DDD compared to C3GN. Secondly, an unexpected finding was a nine-fold increase in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in DDD compared to C3GN. Most importantly, immunohistochemical and confocal staining for ApoE mirrored the dense deposit staining in the GBM in DDD but not in C3GN or control cases. Validation studies using 31 C3G cases confirmed the diagnosis of C3GN and DDD in 80.6 % based on ApoE staining. Overall, there is a higher burden of terminal complement pathway proteins in DDD compared to C3GN. Thus, our study shows that dense deposits in DDD are enriched with ApoE compared to C3GN and control cases. Hence, ApoE staining may be used as an adjunct to EM for the diagnosis of DDD and might be valuable when EM is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Madden
- Mayo Clinic Proteomics Core, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Raman Deep Singh
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mark Haas
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lilian M P Palma
- Pediatric Nephrology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alok Sharma
- Department of Renal Pathology & Electron Microscopy, Dr Lal Path Labs, New Delhi, India
| | - Maria J Vargas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - LouAnn Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Vivian Negron
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Torell Nate
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Jason D Theis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Samih H Nasr
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Karl A Nath
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Fernando C Fervenza
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sanjeev Sethi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
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6
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Feng L, Li Y, Lin M, Xie D, Luo Y, Zhang Y, He Z, Gong Q, Zhun ZY, Gao J. Trilobatin attenuates cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 9: The legend of a food additive. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1005-1027. [PMID: 37723895 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is one of the crucial pathological changes of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Trilobatin (TLB), a naturally occurring food additive, exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral I/R injury as demonstrated in our previous study. This study was designed to investigate the effect of TLB on BBB disruption after cerebral I/R injury. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rats with focal cerebral ischaemia caused by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion were studied along with brain microvascular endothelial cells and human astrocytes to mimic BBB injury caused by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). KEY RESULTS The results showed that TLB effectively maintained BBB integrity and inhibited neuronal loss following cerebral I/R challenge. Furthermore, TLB increased tight junction proteins including ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin 5, and decreased the levels of apolipoprotein E (APOE) 4, cyclophilin A (CypA) and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), thereby reducing proinflammatory cytokines. TLB also decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved-caspase 3 levels along with a reduced number of apoptotic neurons. Molecular docking and transcriptomics predicted MMP9 as a prominent gene evoked by TLB treatment. The protective effects of TLB on cerebral I/R-induced BBB breakdown was largely abolished by overexpression of MMP9, and the beneficial effects of TLB on OGD/R-induced loss of BBB integrity in human brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocyte co-cultures was markedly reinforced by knockdown of MMP9. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings reveal a novel property of TLB: preventing BBB disruption following cerebral I/R via targeting MMP9 and inhibiting APOE4/CypA/NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linying Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yeli Li
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dianyou Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yunmei Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuandong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhixu He
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qihai Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhu Yi Zhun
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jianmei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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7
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Zhang L, Cai M, Su B, Ma Y, Zhang Y. Mitochondrial Metabolism in Alveolar Macrophages of Patients Infected with HIV, Tuberculosis, and HIV/Tuberculosis. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2024; 40:148-157. [PMID: 37885217 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2023.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common opportunistic infections and is a leading cause of mortality in patients with HIV and AIDS. HIV infection causes serious defects in the host immune system and increases the risk of active TB. TB infection promotes HIV replication and aggravates host damage in patients with HIV/AIDS. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are essential immune cells during TB and HIV infections. AMs undergo a shift in mitochondrial metabolism during TB or HIV infection, that is, metabolic reprogramming, allowing them to act in the form of classical activated macrophages (M1) and alternative activated macrophages (M2) at different stages of infection. We reviewed the alterations in the mitochondrial energy metabolism of AMs in patients with HIV, TB, and HIV/TB to provide ideas for further research on the role of metabolic reprogramming by AMs in the pathogeneses of HIV, TB, and HIV/TB coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Miaotian Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingmin Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
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8
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Zhao H, Yang K, Zhang Y, Li H, Ji Q, Wu Z, Ma S, Wang S, Song M, Liu GH, Liu Q, Zhang W, Qu J. APOE-mediated suppression of the lncRNA MEG3 protects human cardiovascular cells from chronic inflammation. Protein Cell 2023; 14:908-913. [PMID: 37010884 PMCID: PMC10691847 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongkai Zhao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qianzhao Ji
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zeming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Si Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Moshi Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Aging Biomarker Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- Aging Biomarker Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- Aging Biomarker Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
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9
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Yu C, Ryan J, Orchard SG, Robb C, Woods RL, Wolfe R, Renton AE, Goate AM, Brodtmann A, Shah RC, Chong TTJ, Sheets K, Kyndt C, Sood A, Storey E, Murray AM, McNeil JJ, Lacaze P. Validation of newly derived polygenic risk scores for dementia in a prospective study of older individuals. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5333-5342. [PMID: 37177856 PMCID: PMC10640662 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent genome-wide association studies identified new dementia-associated variants. We assessed the performance of updated polygenic risk scores (PRSs) using these variants in an independent cohort. METHODS We used Cox models and area under the curve (AUC) to validate new PRSs (PRS-83SNP, PRS-SBayesR, and PRS-CS) compared with an older PRS-23SNP in 12,031 initially-healthy participants ≥70 years of age. Dementia was rigorously adjudicated according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. RESULTS PRS-83SNP, PRS-SBayesR, and PRS-CS were associated with incident dementia, with fully adjusted (including apolipoprotein E [APOE] ε4) hazard ratios per standard deviation (SD) of 1.35 (1.23-1.47), 1.37 (1.25-1.50), and 1.42 (1.30-1.56), respectively. The AUC of a model containing conventional/non-genetic factors and APOE was 74.7%. This was improved to 75.7% (p = 0.007), 76% (p = 0.004), and 76.1% (p = 0.003) with addition of PRS-83SNP, PRS-SBayesR, and PRS-CS, respectively. The PRS-23SNP did not improve AUC (74.7%, p = 0.95). CONCLUSION New PRSs for dementia significantly improve risk-prediction performance, but still account for less risk than APOE genotype overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Yu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzanne G. Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine Robb
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn L. Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alan E. Renton
- Department Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Department Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy Brodtmann
- Cognitive Health Initiative, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Raj C. Shah
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and the Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Trevor T.-J. Chong
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kerry Sheets
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Geriatrics, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christopher Kyndt
- Department of Neurology, Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ajay Sood
- Department of Neurology and the Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elsdon Storey
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne M. Murray
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Geriatrics, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Hennepin Healthcare, and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - John J. McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Lacaze
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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10
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Pradhan SP, Sahu PK, Behera A. New insights toward molecular and nanotechnological approaches to antidiabetic agents for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2739-2762. [PMID: 36949264 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder affecting a major class of silver citizens. The disorder shares a mutual relationship on account of its cellular and molecular pathophysiology with type-II diabetes mellitus (DM). Chronic DM increases the risk for AD. Emerging evidence recommended that resistance in insulin production develops cognitive dysfunction, which generally leads to AD. Repurposing of antidiabetic drugs can be effective in preventing and treatment of the neurodegenerative disorder. Limitations of antidiabetic drugs restrict the repurposing of the drugs for other disorders. Therefore, nanotechnological intervention plays a significant role in the treatment of neurological disorders. In this review, we discuss the common cellular and molecular pathophysiologies between AD and type-II DM, the relevance of in vivo models of type II DM in the study of AD, and the repurposing of antidiabetic drugs and the nanodelivery systems of antidiabetic drugs against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Priyadarshini Pradhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus-II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus-II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anindita Behera
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus-II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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11
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Valdez-Gaxiola CA, Maciel-Cruz EJ, Hernández-Peña R, Dumois-Petersen S, Rosales-Leycegui F, Gallegos-Arreola MP, Moreno-Ortiz JM, Figuera LE. Potential Modifying Effect of the APOEε4 Allele on Age of Onset and Clinical Manifestations in Patients with Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease with and without a Pathogenic Variant in PSEN1 in a Sample of the Mexican Population. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15687. [PMID: 37958671 PMCID: PMC10648484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the age of onset (AoO) exhibits considerable variability, spanning from 40 to 90 years. Specifically, individuals diagnosed with AD and exhibiting symptoms prior to the age of 65 are typically classified as early onset (EOAD) cases. Notably, the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele represents the most extensively studied genetic risk factor associated with AD. We clinically characterized and genotyped the APOEε4 allele from 101 individuals with a diagnosis of EOAD, and 69 of them were affected carriers of the autosomal dominant fully penetrant PSEN1 variant c.1292C>A (rs63750083, A431E) (PSEN1+ group), while there were 32 patients in which the genetic cause was unknown (PSEN1- group). We found a correlation between the AoO and the APOEε4 allele; patients carrying at least one APOEε4 allele showed delays, in AoO in patients in the PSEN1+ and PSEN1- groups, of 3.9 (p = 0.001) and 8.6 years (p = 0.012), respectively. The PSEN1+ group presented higher frequencies of gait disorders compared to PSEN1- group, and apraxia was more frequent with PSEN1+/APOE4+ than in the rest of the subgroup. This study shows what appears to be an inverse effect of APOEε4 in EOAD patients, as it delays AoO and modifies clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A. Valdez-Gaxiola
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (E.J.M.-C.); (R.H.-P.); (S.D.-P.); (F.R.-L.); (M.P.G.-A.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Eric Jonathan Maciel-Cruz
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (E.J.M.-C.); (R.H.-P.); (S.D.-P.); (F.R.-L.); (M.P.G.-A.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Rubiceli Hernández-Peña
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (E.J.M.-C.); (R.H.-P.); (S.D.-P.); (F.R.-L.); (M.P.G.-A.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Sofía Dumois-Petersen
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (E.J.M.-C.); (R.H.-P.); (S.D.-P.); (F.R.-L.); (M.P.G.-A.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Frida Rosales-Leycegui
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (E.J.M.-C.); (R.H.-P.); (S.D.-P.); (F.R.-L.); (M.P.G.-A.)
- Maestría en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Martha Patricia Gallegos-Arreola
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (E.J.M.-C.); (R.H.-P.); (S.D.-P.); (F.R.-L.); (M.P.G.-A.)
| | - José Miguel Moreno-Ortiz
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
- Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luis E. Figuera
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.A.V.-G.); (E.J.M.-C.); (R.H.-P.); (S.D.-P.); (F.R.-L.); (M.P.G.-A.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
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12
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Zhou X, Kumar P, Bhuyan DJ, Jensen SO, Roberts TL, Münch GW. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Potential Role of Nose-Picking in Pathogen Entry via the Olfactory System? Biomolecules 2023; 13:1568. [PMID: 38002250 PMCID: PMC10669446 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory impairment. Many possible factors might contribute to the development of AD, including amyloid peptide and tau deposition, but more recent evidence suggests that neuroinflammation may also play an-at least partial-role in its pathogenesis. In recent years, emerging research has explored the possible involvement of external, invading pathogens in starting or accelerating the neuroinflammatory processes in AD. In this narrative review, we advance the hypothesis that neuroinflammation in AD might be partially caused by viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens entering the brain through the nose and the olfactory system. The olfactory system represents a plausible route for pathogen entry, given its direct anatomical connection to the brain and its involvement in the early stages of AD. We discuss the potential mechanisms through which pathogens may exploit the olfactory pathway to initiate neuroinflammation, one of them being accidental exposure of the olfactory mucosa to hands contaminated with soil and feces when picking one's nose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (X.Z.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Paayal Kumar
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia;
| | - Deep J. Bhuyan
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (X.Z.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Slade O. Jensen
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.O.J.); (T.L.R.)
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Tara L. Roberts
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.O.J.); (T.L.R.)
- Oncology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Gerald W. Münch
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (X.Z.); (D.J.B.)
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia;
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13
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Fuior EV, Zvintzou E, Filippatos T, Giannatou K, Mparnia V, Simionescu M, Gafencu AV, Kypreos KE. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α in Lipoprotein Metabolism and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2696. [PMID: 37893070 PMCID: PMC10604751 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of ligand-binding transcription factors with pivotal action in regulating pleiotropic signaling pathways of energetic metabolism, immune responses and cell proliferation and differentiation. A significant body of evidence indicates that the PPARα receptor is an important modulator of plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, with pluripotent effects influencing the lipid and apolipoprotein cargo of both atherogenic and antiatherogenic lipoproteins and their functionality. Clinical evidence supports an important role of PPARα agonists (fibric acid derivatives) in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and/or low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, although the effects of clinical trials are contradictory and point to a reduction in the risk of nonfatal and fatal myocardial infarction events. In this manuscript, we provide an up-to-date critical review of the existing relevant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Valeria Fuior
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania; (E.V.F.); (E.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Evangelia Zvintzou
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania; (E.V.F.); (E.Z.); (M.S.)
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, 26500 Rio Achaias, Greece; (K.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Theodosios Filippatos
- Internal Medicine Clinic, Department of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Katerina Giannatou
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, 26500 Rio Achaias, Greece; (K.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Victoria Mparnia
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, 26500 Rio Achaias, Greece; (K.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Maya Simionescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania; (E.V.F.); (E.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Anca Violeta Gafencu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania; (E.V.F.); (E.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Kyriakos E. Kypreos
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania; (E.V.F.); (E.Z.); (M.S.)
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, 26500 Rio Achaias, Greece; (K.G.); (V.M.)
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
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14
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Mateo-Gallego R, Pérez-Calahorra S, Bea AM, Gracia-Rubio I, Rodrigo-Carbo C, Moreno-Franco B, Civeira F, Laclaustra M, Lamiquiz-Moneo I. Absence of the influence of the APOE gene on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a cohort of workers: Effect of diet and shift work. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2023; 35:226-235. [PMID: 37211496 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND APOE gene encoded a multifunctional protein in lipid metabolism, also associated with inflammatory markers. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease related to increased blood glucose, triglycerides and VLDL and associated with different dyslipidaemias. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the APOE genotype could determining the risk of developing T2D in a large cohort of workers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data from the Aragon Workers Health Study (AWHS) (n=4895) were used to investigate the relationship between glycemic levels and APOE genotype. All patients in the AWHS cohort had their blood drawn after an overnight fast and laboratory tests were performed on the same day as the blood drawn. Dietary and physical assessment was assessed by face-to-face interview. APOE genotype was determined by the Sanger sequencing method. RESULTS The relationship between APOE genotype and glycemic profile showed that glucose, Hb1Ac, insulin and HOMA levels did not seem to be associated with the APOE genotype (p=0.563, p=0.605, p=0.333 and p=0.276, respectively). In addition, the T2D prevalence did not show an association with the APOE genotype (p=0.354). Along the same lines, blood glucose levels and T2D prevalence did not show association with the APOE allele. Shift work had some effect on the glycaemic profile, showing that night shift workers have significantly lower levels of glucose, insulin and HOMA (p<0.001). However, the APOE genotype did not show difference in the concentration of glycaemic parameters adjusting by sex, age and BMI, work shift and dietary parameters. CONCLUSION Glycemic profile and T2D prevalence did not show any significant association with the APOE genotype. Besides, individuals, who worked in non-rotating night shift showed significantly lower glycemic levels, while workers in the morning-afternoon-night shift showed significantly higher values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Mateo-Gallego
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte, Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Sofía Pérez-Calahorra
- Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte, Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Ana M Bea
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Irene Gracia-Rubio
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodrigo-Carbo
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Belen Moreno-Franco
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Microbiología, Pediatría, Radiología y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando Civeira
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Psiquiatría y Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Martín Laclaustra
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Psiquiatría y Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Itziar Lamiquiz-Moneo
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain; Departmento de Anatomía Humana e Histología, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain.
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15
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Kleeman SO, Thakir TM, Demestichas B, Mourikis N, Loiero D, Ferrer M, Bankier S, Riazat-Kesh YJ, Lee H, Chantzichristos D, Regan C, Preall J, Sinha S, Rosin N, Yipp B, de Almeida LG, Biernaskie J, Dufour A, Tober-Lau P, Ruusalepp A, Bjorkegren JL, Ralser M, Kurth F, Demichev V, Heywood T, Gao Q, Johannsson G, Koelzer VH, Walker BR, Meyer HV, Janowitz T. Cystatin C is glucocorticoid responsive, directs recruitment of Trem2+ macrophages, and predicts failure of cancer immunotherapy. CELL GENOMICS 2023; 3:100347. [PMID: 37601967 PMCID: PMC10435381 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Cystatin C (CyC), a secreted cysteine protease inhibitor, has unclear biological functions. Many patients exhibit elevated plasma CyC levels, particularly during glucocorticoid (GC) treatment. This study links GCs with CyC's systemic regulation by utilizing genome-wide association and structural equation modeling to determine CyC production genetics in the UK Biobank. Both CyC production and a polygenic score (PGS) capturing predisposition to CyC production were associated with increased all-cause and cancer-specific mortality. We found that the GC receptor directly targets CyC, leading to GC-responsive CyC secretion in macrophages and cancer cells. CyC-knockout tumors displayed significantly reduced growth and diminished recruitment of TREM2+ macrophages, which have been connected to cancer immunotherapy failure. Furthermore, the CyC-production PGS predicted checkpoint immunotherapy failure in 685 patients with metastatic cancer from combined clinical trial cohorts. In conclusion, CyC may act as a GC effector pathway via TREM2+ macrophage recruitment and may be a potential target for combination cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam O. Kleeman
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dominik Loiero
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Ferrer
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Sean Bankier
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Hassal Lee
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Dimitrios Chantzichristos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claire Regan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | - Sarthak Sinha
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nicole Rosin
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bryan Yipp
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Luiz G.N. de Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jeff Biernaskie
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Arno Ruusalepp
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Johan L.M. Bjorkegren
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Markus Ralser
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kurth
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Todd Heywood
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Qing Gao
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Gudmundur Johannsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Viktor H. Koelzer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology and Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Brian R. Walker
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Tobias Janowitz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Cancer Institute, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
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16
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Alghanem B, Mansour FA, Shaibah H, Almuhalhil K, Almourfi F, Alamri HS, Alajmi H, Rashid M, Alroqi F, Jalouli M, Harrath AH, Boudjellal M, Barhoumi T. Quantitative proteomics analysis of COVID-19 patients: Fetuin-A and tetranectin as potential modulators of innate immune responses. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15224. [PMID: 37064481 PMCID: PMC10082967 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is extremely important to minimize death and end-organ damage. Here we performed a proteomic analysis of plasma samples from mild, moderate and severe COVID-19 patients. Analysis revealed differentially expressed proteins and different therapeutic potential targets related to innate immune responses such as fetuin-A, tetranectin (TN) and paraoxonase-1 (PON1). Furthermore, protein changes in plasma showed dysregulation of complement and coagulation cascades in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, our proteomics data suggested fetuin-A and TN as potential targets that might be used for diagnosis as well as signatures for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Alghanem
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah A Mansour
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayat Shaibah
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawlah Almuhalhil
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras Almourfi
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan S Alamri
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Alajmi
- Saudi Biobank, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamoon Rashid
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayhan Alroqi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maroua Jalouli
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Boudjellal
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tlili Barhoumi
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abondio P, Bruno F, Luiselli D. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) Haplotypes in Healthy Subjects from Worldwide Macroareas: A Population Genetics Perspective for Cardiovascular Disease, Neurodegeneration, and Dementia. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2817-2831. [PMID: 37185708 PMCID: PMC10137191 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human APOE is a 299-amino acid long protein expressed and secreted in several tissues and body districts, where it exerts different functions mainly related to lipid metabolism, with specific activities around cholesterol transport and absorption/elimination. It has three main isoforms, determined by the pair of mutations rs7412-C/T and rs429358-C/T, which gives rise to the functionally different APOE variants ε2, ε3, and ε4. These have a distinct impact on lipid metabolism and are differentially implicated in Alzheimer’s disease and neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, and dyslipidemia. A plethora of other single nucleotide variants along the sequence of the APOE gene have been studied in cohorts of affected individuals, where they also modulate the influence of the three main isoforms to determine the risk of developing the disease. However, no contextual analysis of gene-long haplotypes has been carried out so far, and never extensively in cohorts of healthy individuals from different worldwide populations. Leveraging a rich population genomics dataset, this study elucidates the distribution of APOE variants and haplotypes that are shared across populations and to specific macroareas, revealing a variety of risk-allele associations that distinguish specific ancestral backgrounds and can be leveraged for specific ancestry-informed screenings in medicine and public health.
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Oriá RB, Freitas RS, Roque CR, Nascimento JCR, Silva AP, Malva JO, Guerrant RL, Vitek MP. ApoE Mimetic Peptides to Improve the Vicious Cycle of Malnutrition and Enteric Infections by Targeting the Intestinal and Blood-Brain Barriers. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041086. [PMID: 37111572 PMCID: PMC10141726 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (apoE) mimetic peptides are engineered fragments of the native apoE protein’s LDL-receptor binding site that improve the outcomes following a brain injury and intestinal inflammation in a variety of models. The vicious cycle of enteric infections and malnutrition is closely related to environmental-driven enteric dysfunction early in life, and such chronic inflammatory conditions may blunt the developmental trajectories of children with worrisome and often irreversible physical and cognitive faltering. This window of time for microbiota maturation and brain plasticity is key to protecting cognitive domains, brain health, and achieving optimal/full developmental potential. This review summarizes the potential role of promising apoE mimetic peptides to improve the function of the gut-brain axis, including targeting the blood-brain barrier in children afflicted with malnutrition and enteric infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinaldo B. Oriá
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-85-3366-8239
| | - Raul S. Freitas
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Cássia R. Roque
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - José Carlos R. Nascimento
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medicine, University of International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusofonia, Redenção 62790-970, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Silva
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João O. Malva
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Richard L. Guerrant
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Michael P. Vitek
- Division of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Lozano-Tovar S, Rodríguez-Agudelo Y, Dávila-Ortiz de Montellano DJ, Pérez-Aldana BE, Ortega-Vázquez A, Monroy-Jaramillo N. Relationship between APOE, PER2, PER3 and OX2R Genetic Variants and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4412. [PMID: 36901420 PMCID: PMC10001852 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of neuropsychiatric or behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). BPSD have been associated with the APOE_ε4 allele, which is also the major genetic AD risk factor. Although the involvement of some circadian genes and orexin receptors in sleep and behavioral disorders has been studied in some psychiatric pathologies, including AD, there are no studies considering gene-gene interactions. The associations of one variant in PER2, two in PER3, two in OX2R and two in APOE were evaluated in 31 AD patients and 31 cognitively healthy subjects. Genotyping was performed using real-time PCR and capillary electrophoresis from blood samples. The allelic-genotypic frequencies of variants were calculated for the sample study. We explored associations between allelic variants with BPSD in AD patients based on the NPI, PHQ-9 and sleeping disorders questionnaires. Our results showed that the APOE_ε4 allele is an AD risk variant (p = 0.03). The remaining genetic variants did not reveal significant differences between patients and controls. The PER3_rs228697 variant showed a nine-fold increased risk for circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders in Mexican AD patients, and our gene-gene interaction analysis identified a novel interaction between PERIOD and APOE gene variants. These findings need to be further confirmed in larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Lozano-Tovar
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Ciudad Universitaria Avenida, C.U., Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Yaneth Rodríguez-Agudelo
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | | | - Blanca Estela Pérez-Aldana
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Alberto Ortega-Vázquez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Nancy Monroy-Jaramillo
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
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20
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Palir N, Stajnko A, Snoj Tratnik J, Mazej D, Briški AS, France-Štiglic A, Rosolen V, Mariuz M, Giordani E, Barbone F, Horvat M, Falnoga I. ALAD and APOE polymorphisms are associated with lead and mercury levels in Italian pregnant women and their newborns with adequate nutritional status of zinc and selenium. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115226. [PMID: 36621546 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ALAD and VDR genes on Pb health effects and/or kinetics are inconclusive at low exposure levels, while studies including APOE SNPs are rare. In this study, we examined the associations of ALAD, VDR and APOE SNPs with exposure biomarkers of Pb and other trace elements (TEs) in Italian pregnant women (N = 873, aged 18-44 years) and their newborns (N = 619) with low-level mixed-element exposure through diet, the environment or endogenously. DNA from maternal peripheral venous blood (mB), sampled during the second and third trimesters, was genotyped for ALAD (rs1800435, rs1805313, rs1139488, rs818708), VDR (rs2228570, rs1544410, rs7975232, rs731236) and APOE (rs429358, rs7421) using TaqMan SNP assays. Personal and lifestyle data and TE levels (mB, maternal plasma, hair and mixed umbilical cord blood [CB]) from the PHIME project were used. Multiple linear regression models, controlling for confounding variables, were performed to test the associations between SNPs and TEs. The geometric means of mB-Pb, mB-Hg, mB-As and mB-Cd (11.0 ng/g, 2.16 ng/g, 1.38 ng/g and 0.31 ng/g, respectively) indicated low exposure levels, whereas maternal plasma Zn and Se (0.72 μg/mL and 78.6 ng/g, respectively) indicated adequate micronutritional status. Variant alleles of ALAD rs1800435 and rs1805313 were negatively associated with mB-Pb levels, whereas a positive association was observed for rs1139488. None of the VDR SNPs or their haplotypes had any association with Pb levels. Regarding APOE, the ϵ4 allele was associated with lower mB-Hg and CB-Hg, while a positive association was found with the ϵ2 allele and CB-Pb when the model included only newborn girls. The observed associations indicate possible modification effects of ALAD and APOE SNPs on Pb or Hg kinetics in women and their newborns with low exposure to non-essential TEs, as well as an adequate nutritional status of Zn and Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neža Palir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Stajnko
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Snoj Tratnik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Mazej
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Sešek Briški
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka France-Štiglic
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valentina Rosolen
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marika Mariuz
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Elisa Giordani
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Fabio Barbone
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ingrid Falnoga
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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de Rojas I, del Barrio L, Hernández I, Montrreal L, García-González P, Marquié M, Valero S, Cano A, Orellana A, Boada M, Mañes S, Ruiz A. Correlations between the NMR Lipoprotein Profile, APOE Genotype, and Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Fasting Plasma from Cognitively Healthy Elderly Adults. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032186. [PMID: 36768512 PMCID: PMC9916740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is of interest given its potential relationship with several important clinical conditions including Alzheimer's disease. The inactivation of the APOE locus in mouse models supports the idea that it is involved in determining the CEC. With that in mind, we examine the impact of the plasma metabolome profile and the APOE genotype on the CEC in cognitively healthy elderly subjects. The study subjects were 144 unrelated healthy individuals. The plasma CEC was determined by exposing cultured mouse macrophages treated with BODIPY-cholesterol to human plasma. The metabolome profile was determined using NMR techniques. Multiple regression was performed to identify the most important predictors of CEC, as well as the NMR features most strongly associated with the APOE genotype. Plasma 3-hydroxybutyrate was the variable most strongly correlated with the CEC (r = 0.365; p = 7.3 × 10-6). Male sex was associated with a stronger CEC (r = -0.326, p = 6.8 × 10-5). Most of the NMR particles associated with the CEC did not correlate with the APOE genotype. The NMR metabolomics results confirmed the APOE genotype to have a huge effect on the concentration of plasma lipoprotein particles as well as those of other molecules including omega-3 fatty acids. In conclusion, the CEC of human plasma was associated with ketone body concentration, sex, and (to a lesser extent) the other features of the plasma lipoprotein profile. The APOE genotype exerted only a weak effect on the CEC via the modulation of the lipoprotein profile. The APOE locus was associated with omega-3 fatty acid levels independent of the plasma cholesterol level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura del Barrio
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Montrreal
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo García-González
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Marquié
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergi Valero
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Cano
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adelina Orellana
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Mañes
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (A.R.)
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Koberskaya NN, Roshchin FA. Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19. NEUROLOGY, NEUROPSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOSOMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.14412/2074-2711-2022-6-89-97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. N. Koberskaya
- Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia; Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - F. A. Roshchin
- Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia
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Gupta K, Kaur G, Pathak T, Banerjee I. Systematic review and meta-analysis of human genetic variants contributing to COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. Gene 2022; 844:146790. [PMID: 35987511 PMCID: PMC9384365 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has spawned global health crisis of unprecedented magnitude, claiming millions of lives and pushing healthcare systems in many countries to the brink. Among several factors that contribute to an increased risk of COVID-19 and progression to exacerbated manifestations, host genetic landscape is increasingly being recognized as a critical determinant of susceptibility/resistance to infection and a prognosticator of clinical outcomes in infected individuals. Recently, several case-control association studies investigated the influence of human gene variants on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity to identify the culpable mutations. However, a comprehensive synthesis of the recent advances in COVID-19 host genetics research was lacking, and the inconsistent findings of the association studies required reliable evaluation of the strength of association with greater statistical power. In this study, we embarked on a systematic search of all possible reports of genetic association with COVID-19 till April 07, 2022, and performed meta-analyses of all the genetic polymorphisms that were examined in at least three studies. After identifying a total of 84 studies that investigated the association of 130 polymorphisms in 61 genes, we performed meta-analyses of all the eligible studies. Seven genetic polymorphisms involving 15,550 cases and 444,007 controls were explored for association with COVID-19 susceptibility, of which, ACE1 I/D rs4646994/rs1799752, APOE rs429358, CCR5 rs333, and IFITM3 rs12252 showed increased risk of infection. Meta-analyses of 11 gene variants involving 6702 patients with severe COVID-19 and 8640 infected individuals with non-severe manifestations revealed statistically significant association of ACE2 rs2285666, ACE2 rs2106809, ACE2 rs2074192, AGTR1 rs5186, and TNFA rs1800629 with COVID-19 severity. Overall, our study presents a synthesis of evidence on all the genetic determinants implicated in COVID-19 to date, and provides evidence of correlation between the above polymorphisms with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Indranil Banerjee
- Cellular Virology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali (IISER Mohali), Sector 81, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali 140306, India.
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24
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Balthazar FM, Moraes WADS, Hunter JR, Prado GFD, Carvalho LBCD. Interaction between apolipoprotein E genotypes, excessive daytime sleepiness, and cognitive function in obstructive sleep apnea patients. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 80:1104-1111. [PMID: 36577409 PMCID: PMC9797275 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies show an association between the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (ApoEε4) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and other studies, an association between ApoEε4 and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), but there are no data in the literature on the interaction between EDS, cognitive function, and ApoEε4 in patients with OSA. OBJECTIVE To examine the cognitive function of adults with and without EDS and with and without ApoEε4. METHODS A total of 21 male and female patients aged between 33 and 79 years, underwent a clinical interview, ApoE genotyping, neuropsychological evaluation, polysomnography, and the application of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. RESULTS Excessive daytime sleepiness was associated with lower intelligence quotient (IQ; total performance) and worse immediate visual memory, regardless of the ApoE genotype. Patients carrying the ApoEε3/ε4 genotype had a worse performance in divided attention, constructional praxis, perceptual organization, and cognitive flexibility. A combination of the ε4 allele and EDS potentiates the negative effect on cognition, except for immediate visual memory. In this case, patients had a worse performance in terms of processing speed, selective attention, and visuomotor coordination. CONCLUSIONS Excessive daytime sleepiness and the ApoEε3/ε4 genotype are associated with worse cognitive performance in OSA patients. The combination of EDS and ε4 allele potentiates cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Maurer Balthazar
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Setor Neuro-Sono, Disciplina de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
| | - Walter André dos Santos Moraes
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Setor Neuro-Sono, Disciplina de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
| | - James Richard Hunter
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina, Disciplina de Infectologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
| | - Gilmar Fernandes do Prado
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Setor Neuro-Sono, Disciplina de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
| | - Luciane Bizari Coin de Carvalho
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Setor Neuro-Sono, Disciplina de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
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25
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Ghosh S, Rihan M, Ahmed S, Pande AH, Sharma SS. Immunomodulatory potential of apolipoproteins and their mimetic peptides in asthma: Current perspective. Respir Med 2022; 204:107007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2022.107007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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26
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Vyletelová V, Nováková M, Pašková Ľ. Alterations of HDL's to piHDL's Proteome in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, and HDL-Targeted Therapies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1278. [PMID: 36297390 PMCID: PMC9611871 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, steatohepatitis, periodontitis, chronic kidney disease, and others are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which persists even after accounting for traditional cardiac risk factors. The common factor linking these diseases to accelerated atherosclerosis is chronic systemic low-grade inflammation triggering changes in lipoprotein structure and metabolism. HDL, an independent marker of cardiovascular risk, is a lipoprotein particle with numerous important anti-atherogenic properties. Besides the essential role in reverse cholesterol transport, HDL possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antithrombotic properties. Inflammation and inflammation-associated pathologies can cause modifications in HDL's proteome and lipidome, transforming HDL from atheroprotective into a pro-atherosclerotic lipoprotein. Therefore, a simple increase in HDL concentration in patients with inflammatory diseases has not led to the desired anti-atherogenic outcome. In this review, the functions of individual protein components of HDL, rendering them either anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory are described in detail. Alterations of HDL proteome (such as replacing atheroprotective proteins by pro-inflammatory proteins, or posttranslational modifications) in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases and their impact on cardiovascular health are discussed. Finally, molecular, and clinical aspects of HDL-targeted therapies, including those used in therapeutical practice, drugs in clinical trials, and experimental drugs are comprehensively summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ľudmila Pašková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
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27
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Chung JY, Jung HU, Kim DJ, Baek EJ, Kim HK, Kang JO, Lim JE, Oh B. Identification of five genetic variants with differential effects on obesity-related traits based on age. Front Genet 2022; 13:970657. [PMID: 36276968 PMCID: PMC9585212 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.970657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health concern, and its prevalence generally increases with age. As the number of elderly people is increasing in the aging population, the age-dependent increase in obesity has raised interest in the underlying mechanism. To understand the genetic basis of age-related increase in obesity, we identified genetic variants showing age-dependent differential effects on obesity. We conducted stratified analyses between young and old groups using genome-wide association studies of 355,335 United Kingom Biobank participants for five obesity-related phenotypes, including body mass index, body fat percentage, waist-hip ratio, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Using t-statistic, we identified five significant lead single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs2258461 with body mass index, rs9861311 and rs429358 with body fat percentage, rs2870099 with waist-hip ratio, and rs145500243 with waist circumference. Among these single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs429358, located in APOE gene was associated with diverse age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, coronary artery disease, age-related degenerative macular diseases, and cognitive decline. The C allele of rs429358 gradually decreases body fat percentage as one grows older in the range of 40–69 years. In conclusion, we identified five genetic variants with differential effects on obesity-related phenotypes based on age using a stratified analysis between young and old groups, which may help to elucidate the mechanisms by which age influences the development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yeon Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Un Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Kyul Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-One Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- *Correspondence: Ji Eun Lim, ; Bermseok Oh,
| | - Bermseok Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- *Correspondence: Ji Eun Lim, ; Bermseok Oh,
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28
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Relationship between Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Neurodegenerative Disease: Lessons from ADH1B, CYP1A2 and MTHFR. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081498. [PMID: 36011409 PMCID: PMC9408177 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present review, the main features involved in the susceptibility and progression of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) have been discussed, with the purpose of highlighting their potential application for promoting the management and treatment of patients with NDDs. In particular, the impact of genetic and epigenetic factors, nutrients, and lifestyle will be presented, with particular emphasis on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Metabolism, dietary habits, physical exercise and microbiota are part of a complex network that is crucial for brain function and preservation. This complex equilibrium can be disrupted by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors causing perturbations in central nervous system homeostasis, contributing thereby to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Diet and physical activity can directly act on epigenetic modifications, which, in turn, alter the expression of specific genes involved in NDDs onset and progression. On this subject, the introduction of nutrigenomics shed light on the main molecular players involved in the modulation of health and disease status. In particular, the review presents data concerning the impact of ADH1B, CYP1A2, and MTHFR on the susceptibility and progression of NDDs (especially AD and PD) and how they may be exploited for developing precision medicine strategies for the disease treatment and management.
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29
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Tréguier Y, Cochard J, Burlaud-Gaillard J, Lemoine R, Chouteau P, Roingeard P, Meunier JC, Maquart M. The envelope protein of Zika virus interacts with apolipoprotein E early in the infectious cycle and this interaction is conserved on the secreted viral particles. Virol J 2022; 19:124. [PMID: 35902969 PMCID: PMC9331583 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zika virus (ZIKV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, has caused massive outbreaks of infection in tropical areas over the last decade and has now begun spreading to temperate countries. Little is currently known about the specific host factors involved in the intracellular life cycle of ZIKV. Flaviviridae viruses interact closely with host-cell lipid metabolism and associated secretory pathways. Another Flaviviridae, hepatitis C virus, is highly dependent on apolipoprotein E (ApoE) for the completion of its infectious cycle. We therefore investigated whether ZIKV also interacted with this protein. Methods ZIKV infections were performed on both liver and microglia derived cell lines in order to proceed to colocalization analysis and immunoprecipitation assays of ApoE and Zika envelope glycoprotein (Zika E). Transmission electron microscopy combined to immunogold labeling was also performed on the infected cells and related supernatant to study the association of ApoE and Zika E protein in the virus-induced membrane rearrangements and secreted particles, respectively. Finally, the potential of neutralization of anti-ApoE antibodies on ZIKV particles was studied. Result We demonstrated an interaction between ApoE and the Zika E protein. This specific interaction was observed in virus-induced host-cell membrane rearrangements, but also on newly formed intracellular particles. The partial neutralizing effect of anti-ApoE antibody and the immunogold labeling of the two proteins on secreted virions indicates that this interaction is conserved during ZIKV intracellular trafficking and release. Conclusions These data suggest that another member of the Flaviviridae also interacts with ApoE, indicating that this could be a common mechanism for the viruses from this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Tréguier
- INSERM U1259 MAVIVH, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jade Cochard
- INSERM U1259 MAVIVH, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Julien Burlaud-Gaillard
- INSERM U1259 MAVIVH, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France.,Plateforme IBiSA des Microscopies, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Roxane Lemoine
- Plateforme B Cell Ressources, EA4245 T2I, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Chouteau
- INSERM U1259 MAVIVH, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Roingeard
- INSERM U1259 MAVIVH, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France. .,Plateforme IBiSA des Microscopies, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France.
| | | | - Marianne Maquart
- INSERM U1259 MAVIVH, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France.
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Tudorache IF, Bivol VG, Dumitrescu M, Fenyo IM, Simionescu M, Gafencu AV. Synthetic lipoproteins based on apolipoprotein E coupled to fullerenol have anti-atherosclerotic properties. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:684-695. [PMID: 35790693 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00379-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is an anti-atherosclerotic protein associated with almost all plasma lipoproteins. Fullerenol (Full-OH) contains the fullerene hydrophobic cage and several hydroxyl groups that could be derivatized to covalently bind various molecules. Herein, we aimed to produce fullerenol-based nanoparticles carrying apoE3 (Full-apoE) and test their anti-atherosclerotic effects. METHODS Full-apoE nanoparticles were obtained from Full-OH activated to reactive cyanide ester fullerenol derivative that was further reacted with apoE protein. To test their effect, the nanoparticles were administered to apoE-deficient mice for 24 h or 3 weeks. ApoE part of the nanoparticles was determined by Western Blot and quantified by ELISA. Atherosclerotic plaque size was evaluated after Oil Red O staining and the gene expression was determined by Real-Time PCR. RESULTS Full-apoE nanoparticles were detected mainly in the liver, and to a lesser extent in the kidney, lung, and brain. In the plasma of the Full-apoE-treated mice, apoE was found associated with very-low-density lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins. Treatment for 3 weeks with Full-apoE nanoparticles decreased plasma cholesterol levels, increased the expression of apolipoprotein A-I, ABCA1 transporter, scavenger receptor-B1, and sortilin, and reduced the evolution of the atheromatous plaques in the atherosclerotic mice. CONCLUSIONS In experimental atherosclerosis, the administration of Full-apoE nanoparticles limits the evolution of the atheromatous plaques by decreasing the plasma cholesterol level and increasing the expression of major proteins involved in lipid metabolism. Thus, they represent a novel promising strategy for atherosclerosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Madalina Dumitrescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "N. Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Maya Simionescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "N. Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Violeta Gafencu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "N. Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania.
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31
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Apolipoprotein A-II, a Player in Multiple Processes and Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071578. [PMID: 35884883 PMCID: PMC9313276 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II) is the second most abundant apolipoprotein in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, playing an important role in lipid metabolism. Human and murine apoA-II proteins have dissimilar properties, partially because human apoA-II is dimeric whereas the murine homolog is a monomer, suggesting that the role of apoA-II may be quite different in humans and mice. As a component of HDL, apoA-II influences lipid metabolism, being directly or indirectly involved in vascular diseases. Clinical and epidemiological studies resulted in conflicting findings regarding the proatherogenic or atheroprotective role of apoA-II. Human apoA-II deficiency has little influence on lipoprotein levels with no obvious clinical consequences, while murine apoA-II deficiency causes HDL deficit in mice. In humans, an increased plasma apoA-II concentration causes hypertriglyceridemia and lowers HDL levels. This dyslipidemia leads to glucose intolerance, and the ensuing high blood glucose enhances apoA-II transcription, generating a vicious circle that may cause type 2 diabetes (T2D). ApoA-II is also used as a biomarker in various diseases, such as pancreatic cancer. Herein, we provide a review of the most recent findings regarding the roles of apoA-II and its functions in various physiological processes and disease states, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, amyloidosis, hepatitis, insulin resistance, obesity, and T2D.
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32
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Ldlr-Deficient Mice with an Atherosclerosis-Resistant Background Develop Severe Hyperglycemia and Type 2 Diabetes on a Western-Type Diet. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061429. [PMID: 35740449 PMCID: PMC9220196 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoe-/- and Ldlr-/- mice are two animal models extensively used for atherosclerosis research. We previously reported that Apoe-/- mice on certain genetic backgrounds, including C3H/HeJ (C3H), develop type 2 diabetes when fed a Western diet. We sought to characterize diabetes-related traits in C3H-Ldlr-/- mice through comparing with C3H-Apoe-/- mice. On a chow diet, Ldlr-/- mice had lower plasma total and non-HDL cholesterol levels but higher HDL levels than Apoe-/- mice. Fasting plasma glucose was much lower in Ldlr-/- than Apoe-/- mice (male: 122.5 ± 5.9 vs. 229.4 ± 17.5 mg/dL; female: 144.1 ± 12.4 vs. 232.7 ± 6.4 mg/dL). When fed a Western diet, Ldlr-/- and Apoe-/- mice developed severe hypercholesterolemia and also hyperglycemia with fasting plasma glucose levels exceeding 250 mg/dL. Both knockouts had similar non-HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and their fasting glucose levels were also similar. Male Ldlr-/- mice exhibited greater glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity compared to their Apoe-/- counterpart. Female mice showed similar glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity though Ldlr-/- mice had higher non-fasting glucose levels. Male Ldlr-/- and Apoe-/- mice developed moderate obesity on the Western diet, but female mice did not. These results indicate that the Western diet and ensuing hyperlipidemia lead to the development of type 2 diabetes, irrespective of underlying genetic causes.
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Li XL, Wang Q, Jia GD, Yin HJ, Wang YH, Hu C, Wang XQ, Yang Y. Apolipoprotein E*Ɛ2 carriers exhibit high aspirin-treated platelet reactivity and low cardiovascular risk during long-term aspirin treatment. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6596556. [PMID: 35647761 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apolipoprotein E (APOE) loci, including rs429358 (Ɛ4) and rs7412 (Ɛ2), are involved in cardiovascular (CV) health. However, their effect on the CV-protective effect of aspirin remains unknown. METHODS A total of 515 aspirin-treated individuals with existing CV diseases were recruited, and their APOE genotypes, platelet functions and other routine laboratory parameters were assessed when they enrolled. The first major CV events (myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularisation and CV death) and all CV events (major CV events plus unstable angina and transient ischaemic attack) during a mean 5.2-year follow-up period were recorded. RESULTS After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, lifestyle, lipid profiles and other CV drugs and comorbidities, Ɛ2 carriers were found to exhibit ~80% lower risk of major CV and 60% lower risk of all CV (HR = 0.186, CI: 0.048-0.715, P = 0.014; HR = 0.435, CI: 0.234-0.812, P = 0.009, respectively) than Ɛ2 noncarriers. Furthermore, high incidence of high platelet reactivity assessed by arachidonic acid-induced light transmission aggregometry (23.4 vs. 13.7%, P = 0.038), triglyceride and haemoglobin and low low-density lipoprotein were observed. Ɛ4 carriers had slightly increased cholesterol and hypercholesterolemia incidence relative to Ɛ4 noncarriers. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that APOE*Ɛ2 carriers can derive additional CV benefit from long-term aspirin treatment. Moreover, it was observed that APOE2 interacts with cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and upregulates its activity. The CV-protective effect of aspirin in Ɛ2 carriers is likely attributed to APOE2 upregulating vascular COX-1-mediated CV protective pathway, together with aspirin partially inhibiting platelet COX-1-mediated platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Li
- Department of the Eighth Healthcare , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
- Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing 100044, China
| | - Guo-Dong Jia
- Department of the Eighth Healthcare , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
- Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
| | - Hui-Jun Yin
- Department of the Eighth Healthcare , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
- Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
| | - Yao-Hui Wang
- Department of the Eighth Healthcare , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
- Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of the Eighth Healthcare , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
- Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Wang
- Department of the Eighth Healthcare , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
- Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of the Eighth Healthcare , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
- Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital , Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, , Beijing 1000853, China
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Sagulkoo P, Plaimas K, Suratanee A, Colado Simão AN, Vissoci Reiche EM, Maes M. Immunopathogenesis and immunogenetic variants in COVID-19. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1780-1797. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220519150821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread globally despite the discovery of vaccines. Many people die due to COVID-19 as a result of catastrophic consequences, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary embolism, and disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by a cytokine storm. Immunopathology and immunogenetic research may assist in diagnosing, predicting, and treating severe COVID-19 and the cytokine storm associated with COVID-19. This paper reviews the immunopathogenesis and immunogenetic variants that play a role in COVID-19. Although various immune-related genetic variants have been investigated in relation to severe COVID-19, the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin 18 (IL-18) have not been assessed for their potential significance in the clinical outcome. Here, we a) summarize the current understanding of the immunogenetic etiology and pathophysiology of COVID-19 and the associated cytokine storm; and b) construct and analyze protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks (using enrichment and annotation analysis) based on the NLRP3 and IL18 variants and all genes, which were established in severe COVID-19. Our PPI network and enrichment analyses predict a) useful drug targets to prevent the onset of severe COVID-19 including key antiviral pathways such as Toll-Like-Receptor cascades, NOD-like receptor signaling, RIG-induction of interferon (IFN) α/β, and interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor signaling; and b) SARS-CoV-2 innate immune evasion and the participation of MYD88 and MAVS in the pathophysiology of severe COVID-19. The PPI network genetic variants may be used to predict more severe COVID-19 outcomes, thereby opening the door for targeted preventive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakorn Sagulkoo
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kitiporn Plaimas
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Apichat Suratanee
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Andrea Name Colado Simão
- Department of Pathology Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche
- Department of Pathology Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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35
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Chen J, Wu Z, Wang J, Si X, Zhang R, Sun T, Dong Q, Wu W, Qiu Y. Docosahexaenoic acid ester of phloridzin reduces inflammation and insulin resistance via AMPK. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1854-1862. [PMID: 35585811 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220518102440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docosahexaenoic acid-acylated phloridzin (PZ-DHA), a novel polyphenol fatty acid ester derivative, is synthesized through an acylation reaction of phloridzin (PZ) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). PZ-DHA is more stable than DHA and exhibits higher cellular uptake and bioavailability than PZ. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of PZ-DHA on insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle and the related mechanisms, we used palmitic acid (PA)-treated C2C12 myotubes as an insulin resistance model. RESULTS We found that PZ-DHA increased the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and improved glucose uptake and mitochondrial function in an AMPK-dependent manner in untreated C2C12 myotubes. PZ-DHA treatment of the myotubes reversed PA-induced insulin resistance; this was indicated by increases in glucose uptake and the expression of membrane glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) and phosphorylated Akt. Moreover, PZ-DHA treatment reversed PA-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. These effects of PZ-DHA were mediated by AMPK. Furthermore, the increase in AMPK activity, improvement in insulin resistance, and decrease in inflammatory and oxidative responses after PZ-DHA treatment diminished upon co-treatment with a liver kinase B1 (LKB1) inhibitor, suggesting that PZ-DHA improved AMPK activity by regulating its upstream kinase, LKB1. CONCLUSION The effects of PZ-DHA on insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes may be mediated by the LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway. Hence, PZ-DHA is a promising therapeutic agent for insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqing Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuemeng Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tianqi Sun
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiaoyan Dong
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenqing Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yefeng Qiu
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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36
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Li MS, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhou XJ, Zhang H. An Updated Review and Meta Analysis of Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:905007. [PMID: 35602473 PMCID: PMC9120586 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.905007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 200 cases of lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG) have been reported since it was first discovered 30 years ago. Although relatively rare, LPG is clinically an important cause of nephrotic syndrome and end-stage renal disease. Mutations in the APOE gene are the leading cause of LPG. APOE mutations are an important determinant of lipid profiles and cardiovascular health in the population and can precipitate dysbetalipoproteinemia and glomerulopathy. Apolipoprotein E-related glomerular disorders include APOE2 homozygote glomerulopathy and LPG with heterozygous APOE mutations. In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the number of LPG case reports and some progress in research into the mechanism and animal models of LPG. We consequently need to update recent epidemiological studies and the molecular mechanisms of LPG. This endeavor may help us not only to diagnose and treat LPG in a more personized manner but also to better understand the potential relationship between lipids and the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Shi Li
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Kidney Genetics Center, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Kidney Genetics Center, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Kidney Genetics Center, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Jie Zhou
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Kidney Genetics Center, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Kidney Genetics Center, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Tang C, Fang Z, Chu D, Zhang L, Tang Y, Zhou J, Fang R, Ying J, Wang F, Zhou Y, Xu C, Wang Q. Pharmacodynamics, Network Pharmacology, and Pharmacokinetics of Chinese Medicine Formula 9002A in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:849994. [PMID: 35462916 PMCID: PMC9026172 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.849994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common and serious neurodegenerative disease in the elderly; however, the treatment of AD is still lacking of rational drugs. In this paper, the active constituents and targets of the self-developed Chinese medicine Formula 9002A in the treatment of AD were investigated from three aspects: pharmacodynamics based on cell and animal experiments, network pharmacology analysis, and pharmacokinetic analysis. A total of 124 compounds were screened in Formula 9002A, and four constituents including salidroside, gastrodin, niacinamide, and umbelliferone were screened as potential active components for the treatment of AD by network pharmacology. Among them, salidroside and gastrodin showed higher relevance with AD targets, such as ESR1 and AR. The pharmacokinetic study showed that they could be absorbed and identified in plasma; the half-life and mean residence times of salidroside and gastrodin in plasma were nearly increased 2-fold by the administration of Formula 9002A compared with those by the administration of a monomer, indicating the extended action time of active compounds in vivo. Formula 9002A exerted the efficacy in the treatment of AD mainly by regulating APP, GSK3β, ESR1, and AR targets based on the anti-β-amyloid protein deposition, anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis pathways. Two genes enriched in Alzheimer’s disease pathway, APP and GSK3β, were further validated. The experiments also demonstrated that Formula 9002A could downregulate APP and GSK3β protein expression in the model mice brain and improved their cognitive ability. In summary, Formula 9002A has the characteristics of multiple targets and multiple pathways in the treatment of AD, and salidroside and gastrodin might be the main active constituents, which could provide a foundation for further research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Tang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Chunlan Tang, ; Qinwen Wang,
| | - Zhiling Fang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Donghui Chu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Tang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinyue Zhou
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Rui Fang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiaming Ying
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuping Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chunshuang Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Chunlan Tang, ; Qinwen Wang,
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Miranda AM, Ashok A, Chan RB, Zhou B, Xu Y, McIntire LB, Area-Gomez E, Di Paolo G, Duff KE, Oliveira TG, Nuriel T. Effects of APOE4 allelic dosage on lipidomic signatures in the entorhinal cortex of aged mice. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:129. [PMID: 35351864 PMCID: PMC8964762 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) is the primary genetic risk factor for the late-onset form of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the reason for this association is not completely understood, researchers have uncovered numerous effects of APOE4 expression on AD-relevant brain processes, including amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, lipid metabolism, endosomal-lysosomal trafficking, and bioenergetics. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of APOE4 allelic dosage on regional brain lipid composition in aged mice, as well as in cultured neurons. We performed a targeted lipidomic analysis on an AD-vulnerable brain region (entorhinal cortex; EC) and an AD-resistant brain region (primary visual cortex; PVC) from 14-15 month-old APOE3/3, APOE3/4, and APOE4/4 targeted replacement mice, as well as on neurons cultured with conditioned media from APOE3/3 or APOE4/4 astrocytes. Our results reveal that the EC possesses increased susceptibility to APOE4-associated lipid alterations compared to the PVC. In the EC, APOE4 expression showed a dominant effect in decreasing diacylglycerol (DAG) levels, and a semi-dominant, additive effect in the upregulation of multiple ceramide, glycosylated sphingolipid, and bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate (BMP) species, lipids known to accumulate as a result of endosomal-lysosomal dysfunction. Neurons treated with conditioned media from APOE4/4 vs. APOE3/3 astrocytes showed similar alterations of DAG and BMP species to those observed in the mouse EC. Our results suggest that APOE4 expression differentially modulates regional neuronal lipid signatures, which may underlie the increased susceptibility of EC-localized neurons to AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Miguel Miranda
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Imagiology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova Gaia/Espinho, 4434-502, Vila Nova Gaia, Portugal
| | - Archana Ashok
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Robin Barry Chan
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Bowen Zhou
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yimeng Xu
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Laura Beth McIntire
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Estela Area-Gomez
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Gilbert Di Paolo
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Karen E Duff
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tiago Gil Oliveira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Braga, 4710-243, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Tal Nuriel
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is growing evidence that host genetics play an important role in COVID-19 severity. Based on current knowledge about the human protein machinery for SARS-CoV-2 entry, the host innate immune response, and virus-host interactions, the potential effects of human genetic polymorphisms, which may contribute to clinical differences in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, may help to determine the individual risk for COVID-19 infection and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Marijn M Speeckaert
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
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40
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Troutwine BR, Hamid L, Lysaker CR, Strope TA, Wilkins HM. Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's disease. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:496-510. [PMID: 35256931 PMCID: PMC8897057 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation in apolipoprotein E (APOE) influences Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. APOE ε4 alleles are the strongest genetic risk factor for late onset sporadic AD. The AD risk is dose dependent, as those carrying one APOE ε4 allele have a 2-3-fold increased risk, while those carrying two ε4 alleles have a 10-15-fold increased risk. Individuals carrying APOE ε2 alleles have lower AD risk and those carrying APOE ε3 alleles have neutral risk. APOE is a lipoprotein which functions in lipid transport, metabolism, and inflammatory modulation. Isoform specific effects of APOE within the brain include alterations to Aβ, tau, neuroinflammation, and metabolism. Here we review the association of APOE with AD, the APOE isoform specific effects within brain and periphery, and potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R. Troutwine
- Department of Neurology University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Laylan Hamid
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Colton R. Lysaker
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Taylor A. Strope
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Heather M. Wilkins
- Department of Neurology University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Mashayekhi F, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Naseri A, Asadi M, Abbasi Garravnd N, Talebi M. ApoE4-positive multiple sclerosis patients are more likely to have cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:1189-1196. [PMID: 34120271 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) presents with a wide variety of symptoms, including cognitive dysfunction. Previous studies in terms of the possible function of the ApoE4 allele as a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in MS patients were associated with conflicting results. The role of the ε4 isoform of apolipoprotein (ApoE4) was investigated in this study as a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in MS patients. METHODS Mildly disabled relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients were involved in this study. The neurocognitive assessment is conducted by the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS) battery. After determining the genotype, patients were divided into two groups of ApoE4-positive and ApoE4-negative groups, and cognitive findings were compared. RESULTS Seventy-one patients with a mean age of 31.43 ± 8.75 were involved in this study. Eleven out of 17 (64.70%) patients in the ApoE4-positive group had at least one impaired test, while this rate was 16 out of 54 (29.62%) in the ApoE4-negative group (p < 0.01). The rate of overall cognitive impairment (failure in ≥ 2 tests) was not statistically different between groups of the study (p = 0.75). Impairment in Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) task and also the mean score of Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) tests were different between two groups (p = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION MS ApoE4-positive patients are more likely to have at least one impaired cognitive test, but there is a need for more studies with larger sample sizes and based on MS-specific cognitive tests to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Mashayekhi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirreza Naseri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Asadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mahnaz Talebi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran.
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Bin-Jumah MN, Nadeem MS, Gilani SJ, Al-Abbasi FA, Ullah I, Alzarea SI, Ghoneim MM, Alshehri S, Uddin A, Murtaza BN, Kazmi I. Genes and Longevity of Lifespan. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1499. [PMID: 35163422 PMCID: PMC8836117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex process indicated by low energy levels, declined physiological activity, stress induced loss of homeostasis leading to the risk of diseases and mortality. Recent developments in medical sciences and an increased availability of nutritional requirements has significantly increased the average human lifespan worldwide. Several environmental and physiological factors contribute to the aging process. However, about 40% human life expectancy is inherited among generations, many lifespan associated genes, genetic mechanisms and pathways have been demonstrated during last decades. In the present review, we have evaluated many human genes and their non-human orthologs established for their role in the regulation of lifespan. The study has included more than fifty genes reported in the literature for their contributions to the longevity of life. Intact genomic DNA is essential for the life activities at the level of cell, tissue, and organ. Nucleic acids are vulnerable to oxidative stress, chemotherapies, and exposure to radiations. Efficient DNA repair mechanisms are essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity, damaged DNA is not replicated and transferred to next generations rather the presence of deleterious DNA initiates signaling cascades leading to the cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. DNA modifications, DNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation and DNA damage can eventually lead towards apoptosis. The importance of calorie restriction therapy in the extension of lifespan has also been discussed. The role of pathways involved in the regulation of lifespan such as DAF-16/FOXO (forkhead box protein O1), TOR and JNK pathways has also been particularized. The study provides an updated account of genetic factors associated with the extended lifespan and their interactive contributory role with cellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Nasser Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
- Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Inam Ullah
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aziz Uddin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan;
| | - Bibi Nazia Murtaza
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad 22310, Pakistan;
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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Leskinen H, Tringham M, Karjalainen H, Iso-Touru T, Hietaranta-Luoma HL, Marnila P, Pihlava JM, Hurme T, Puolijoki H, Åkerman K, Mäkinen S, Sandell M, Vähäkangas K, Tahvonen R, Rokka S, Hopia A. APOE genotypes, lipid profiles and associated clinical markers in a Finnish population with cardiovascular disease risk factors. Lifestyle Genom 2021; 15:45-54. [PMID: 34942620 DOI: 10.1159/000520864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION APOE ɛ4 allele predisposes to high cholesterol and increases the risk for lifestyle-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The aim of this study was to analyse interrelationships of APOE genotypes with lipid metabolism and lifestyle factors in middle-aged Finns among whom the CVD risk factors are common. METHODS Participants (n=211) were analysed for APOE ε genotypes, physiological parameters and health- and diet-related plasma markers. Lifestyle choices were determined by a questionnaire. RESULTS APOE genotypes ε3/ε4 and ε4/ε4 (ε4 group) represented 34.1% of the participants. Genotype ε3/ε3 (ε3 group) frequency was 54.5%. Carriers of ε2 (ε2 group; ε2/ε2, ε2/ε3 and ε2/ε4) represented 11.4%; 1.9 % were of the genotype ε2/ε4. The LDL and total cholesterol levels were lower (P<0.05) in the ε2 carriers than in the ε3 or ε4 groups, while the ε3 and ε4 groups did not differ. Proportions of plasma saturated fatty acids were higher (P<0.01) and omega-6 fatty acids lower (P=0.01) in the ε2 carriers compared with the ε4 group. The ε2 carriers had a higher (P<0.05) percentage of 22:4n-6 and 22:5n-6 and a lower (P<0.05) percentage of 24:5n-3 and 24:6n-3 than individuals without the ε2 allele. CONCLUSIONS The plasma fatty acid profiles in the ε2 group were characterised by higher SFA and lower omega-6 fatty acid proportions. Their lower cholesterol values indicated a lower risk for CVD compared with the ε4 group. A novel finding was that the ε2 carriers had different proportions of 22:4n-6, 22:5n-6, 24:5n-3 and 24:6n-3 than individuals without the ε2 allele. The significance of the differences in fatty acid composition remains to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Leskinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Maaria Tringham
- Functional Foods Forum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heli Karjalainen
- Functional Foods Forum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Terhi Iso-Touru
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | | | - Pertti Marnila
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | | | - Timo Hurme
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Hannu Puolijoki
- The Hospital District of South Ostrobothnia, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Kari Åkerman
- The Hospital District of South Ostrobothnia, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Sari Mäkinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Mari Sandell
- Functional Foods Forum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Vähäkangas
- School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raija Tahvonen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Susanna Rokka
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Anu Hopia
- Functional Foods Forum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Al-Homedi Z, Afify N, Memon M, Alsafar H, Tay G, Jelinek HF, Mousa M, Abu-Samra N, Osman W. Genetic Studies of Metabolic Syndrome in Arab Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Genet 2021; 12:733746. [PMID: 34868209 PMCID: PMC8637276 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.733746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent in Arabian populations. Several small-scale studies have been performed to investigate the genetic basis of MetS. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine whether candidate gene polymorphisms are associated with MetS susceptibility among ethnic groups of the Arabian world and to suggest possible directions for future research regarding genetic markers and MetS. Methods: A search was conducted for peer-reviewed articles that examined the genetic association of MetS in Arabian populations in the following databases: Medline, Embase, Scopus, Direct Science, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar until March 31, 2021. Articles were eligible if they were case-control studies, which investigated MetS as a dichotomous outcome (MetS vs no MetS). To assess the quality of the studies, the Q-Genie tool (Quality of Genetic Association Studies) was used. A non-central chi2 (random-effect) distribution was used to determine the heterogeneity (H) of Q and I (Galassi et al., The American journal of medicine, 2006, 119, 812–819) statistics. Results: Our search strategy identified 36 studies that met our inclusion criteria. In most cases, studies were excluded due to a lack of statistical information such as odds ratios, confidence intervals, and p-values. According to the Q-Genie tool, 12 studies scored poorly (a score of≤35), 13 studies scored moderately ( >35 and≤45), and 12 studies had good quality ( >45 or higher). The most frequently studied genes were FTO and VDR (both included in four studies). Three SNPs indicated increased risk for MetS after calculating the pooled odds ratios: FTO-rs9939609 (odds ratio 1.49, 95% CI: 0.96–2.32); LEP-rs7799039 (odds ratio 1.85, 95% CI: 1.37–2.5); and SERPINA12-rs2236242 (odds ratio 1.65, 95% CI: 1.21–2.24). Meta-analysis studies showed no significant heterogeneity. Conclusion: There were many sources of heterogeneity in the study settings. Most of the studies had low to moderate quality because of sample size and power issues, not considering all potential sources of bias, and not providing details about genotyping methods and results. As most studies were small-scale, aimed to replicate findings from other populations, we did not find any unique genetic association between MetS and Arabian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahrah Al-Homedi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nariman Afify
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mashal Memon
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba Alsafar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Guan Tay
- Department of Psychiatry, UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Herbert F Jelinek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Health Innovation Engineering Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mira Mousa
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproduction Health, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Abu-Samra
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Osman
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Kim YJ, Jee Y, Park S, Ha EH, Jo I, Lee HW, Song MS. Mortality Risk within 14 Days after Coronavirus Disease 2019 Diagnosis in Dementia Patients: A Nationwide Analysis. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2021; 50:425-436. [PMID: 34856552 PMCID: PMC8805064 DOI: 10.1159/000519466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study evaluated the increased mortality risk within 14 days of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis in dementia patients. METHODS This retrospective study was conducted from February to April 2020 using the COVID-19 patients' database from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The risk factors for early death within 14 days were determined using generalized logistic regression performed in a stepwise manner. Dementia patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were used for the study. The propensity score-matched cohort was included as controls. The differences in mortality within 14 days after COVID-19 diagnosis between the dementia patients and controls were evaluated. RESULTS We enrolled 5,349 COVID-19 patients from the database; 224 had dementia as comorbidity. The mortality rate within 14 days after COVID-19 diagnosis in dementia patients and the controls was 23.7% versus 1.7%, respectively, before propensity score matching (PSM) (p < 0.001), and 23.7% versus 9.2% after PSM (p < 0.001). The hazard ratio (HR) for mortality within 14 days in COVID-19 patients with dementia was significant even after PSM (HR 5.104, 95% confidence interval 2.889-5.673, p < 0.001). The survival curve of dementia patients was steeply inclined within 14 days after COVID-19 diagnosis, resulting in 70.7% of all deaths in dementia patients. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 patients with dementia had a higher risk of early death within 14 days. Thus, prompt intervention is necessary for dementia patients after COVID-19 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Kim
- Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongho Jee
- Advanced Biomedical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sholhui Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Ha
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- System Health Science & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Jo
- System Health Science & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Woon Lee
- System Health Science & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Departments of Neurology, Medical Science, and Computational Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Seon Song
- Department of Psychiatry, Keyo Hospital, Uiwang, Republic of Korea
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46
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Ni X, Bai C, Nie C, Qi L, Liu Y, Yuan H, Zhu X, Sun L, Zhou Q, Li Y, Zhen H, Su H, Li R, Lan R, Pang G, Lv Y, Zhang W, Yang F, Yao Y, Chen C, Wang Z, Gao D, Zhang N, Zhang S, Zhang L, Wu Z, Hu C, Zeng Y, Yang Z. Identification and replication of novel genetic variants of ABO gene to reduce the incidence of diseases and promote longevity by modulating lipid homeostasis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24655-24674. [PMID: 34812738 PMCID: PMC8660604 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Genes related to human longevity have not been studied so far, and need to be investigated thoroughly. This study aims to explore the relationship among ABO gene variants, lipid levels, and longevity phenotype in individuals (≥90yrs old) without adverse outcomes. A genotype-phenotype study was performed based on 5803 longevity subjects and 7026 younger controls from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Four ABO gene variants associated with healthy longevity (rs8176719 C, rs687621 G, rs643434 A, and rs505922 C) were identified and replicated in the CLHLS GWAS data analysis and found significantly higher in longevity individuals than controls. The Bonferroni adjusted p-value and OR range were 0.013-0.020 and 1.126-1.151, respectively. According to the results of linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, the above four variants formed a block on the ABO gene (D’=1, r2range = 0.585-0.995). The carriers with genotypes rs687621 GG, rs643434 AX, or rs505922 CX (prange = 2.728 x 10-107-5.940 x 10-14; ORrange = 1.004-4.354) and haplotype CGAC/XGXX (p = 2.557 x 10-27; OR = 2.255) had a substantial connection with longevity, according to the results of genetic model analysis. Following the genotype and metabolic phenotype analysis, it has been shown that the longevity individuals with rs687621 GG, rs643434 AX, and rs505922 CX had a positive association with HDL-c, LDL-c, TC, TG (prange = 2.200 x 10-5-0.036, ORrange = 1.546-1.709), and BMI normal level (prange = 2.690 x 10-4-0.026, ORrange = 1.530-1.997). Finally, two pathways involving vWF/ADAMTS13 and the inflammatory markers (sE-selectin/ICAM1) that co-regulated lipid levels by glycosylation and effects on each other were speculated. In conclusion, the association between the identified longevity-associated ABO variants and better health lipid profile was elucidated, thus the findings can help in maintaining normal lipid metabolic phenotypes in the longevity population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Chen Bai
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Chao Nie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Liping Qi
- College of Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Cangzhou 061100, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yifang Liu
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Huiping Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Hefu Zhen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Huabing Su
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rongqiao Li
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rushu Lan
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guofang Pang
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yao
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Danni Gao
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Caiyou Hu
- Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Ze Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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47
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Epidemiologic and Clinic Characteristics of the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hospitalized Patients from Galați County. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184210. [PMID: 34575321 PMCID: PMC8467201 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The first cases of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan Province, in China, in December 2019, spreading rapidly around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared this pandemic at the beginning of March 2020 and, at the same time, the first patient in Galați County was confirmed. Both the global and the regional epidemiological evolutions have taken place with variations in incidence, which have been graphically recorded in several “waves”. We conducted a retrospective study on cases of COVID-19 infection, hospitalized between March and June 2020 in an infectious diseases clinic from Galati, in the south-east of Romania. The present paper describes the “first-wave” regional epidemiological and clinical-biological features and the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic. A poor outcome was related to late presentation to hospital, old age, and over six comorbid conditions including Alzheimer’s disease. The high death rate among people from long-term care institutions is the consequence of the cumulative risk factors associated with immune senescence and inflammation, while COVID-19 is more likely a contributing factor to lower life expectancy.
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48
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Sohn HY, Kim SI, Park JY, Park SH, Koh YH, Kim J, Jo C. ApoE4 attenuates autophagy via FoxO3a repression in the brain. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17604. [PMID: 34475505 PMCID: PMC8413297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97117-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays multiple roles in lipid transport, neuronal signaling, glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function, and inflammation in the brain. It is also associated with neurodegenerative diseases, and its influence differs depending on the isoform. In particular, the ε4 allele of APOE is the highest genetic risk factor for developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism by which ApoE4 contributes to the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. We investigated the effect of ApoE4 on autophagy in the human brains of ApoE4 carriers. Compared to non-carriers, the expression of FoxO3a regulating autophagy-related genes was significantly reduced in ApoE4 carriers, and the phosphorylation level of FoxO3a at Ser253 increased in ApoE4 carriers, indicating that FoxO3a is considerably repressed in ApoE4 carriers. As a result, the protein expression of FoxO3a downstream genes, such as Atg12, Beclin-1, BNIP3, and PINK1, was significantly decreased, likely leading to dysfunction of both autophagy and mitophagy in ApoE4 carriers. In addition, phosphorylated tau accumulated more in ApoE4 carriers than in non-carriers. Taken together, our results suggest that ApoE4 might attenuate autophagy via the repression of FoxO3a in AD pathogenesis. The regulation of the ApoE4-FoxO3a axis may provide a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of AD with the APOE4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Young Sohn
- grid.415482.e0000 0004 0647 4899Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159 Republic of Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ik Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Yun Park
- grid.415482.e0000 0004 0647 4899Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Koh
- grid.415482.e0000 0004 0647 4899Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Chulman Jo
- grid.415482.e0000 0004 0647 4899Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159 Republic of Korea
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49
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Wu Y, Johnson G, Zhao F, Wu Y, Zhao G, Brown A, You S, Zou MH, Song P. Features of Lipid Metabolism in Humanized ApoE Knockin Rat Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158262. [PMID: 34361033 PMCID: PMC8347964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), an essential plasma apolipoprotein, has three isoforms (E2, E3, and E4) in humans. E2 is associated with type III hyperlipoproteinemia. E4 is the major susceptibility gene to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and coronary heart disease (CHD). We investigated lipid metabolism and atherosclerotic lesions of novel humanized ApoE knockin (hApoE KI) rats in comparison to wide-type (WT) and ApoE knockout (ApoE KO) rats. The hApoE2 rats showed the lowest bodyweight and white fat mass. hApoE2 rats developed higher serum total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), and low- and very low density lipoprotein (LDL-C&VLDL-C). ApoE KO rats also exhibited elevated TC and LDL-C&VLDL-C. Only mild atherosclerotic lesions were detected in hApoE2 and ApoE KO aortic roots. Half of the hApoE2 rats developed hepatic nodular cirrhosis. A short period of the Paigen diet (PD) treatment led to the premature death of the hApoE2 and ApoE KO rats. Severe vascular wall thickening of the coronary and pulmonary arteries was observed in 4-month PD-treated hApoE4 rats. In conclusion, hApoE2 rats develop spontaneous hyperlipidemia and might be suitable for studies of lipid metabolism-related diseases. With the PD challenge, hApoE4 KI rats could be a novel model for the analysis of vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (Y.W.); (G.J.); (F.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Gem Johnson
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (Y.W.); (G.J.); (F.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Fujie Zhao
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (Y.W.); (G.J.); (F.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Yin Wu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (Y.W.); (G.J.); (F.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Guojun Zhao
- Envigo RMS, Inc., St. Louis, MO 63146, USA; (G.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrew Brown
- Envigo RMS, Inc., St. Louis, MO 63146, USA; (G.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Shaojin You
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (Y.W.); (G.J.); (F.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (Y.W.); (G.J.); (F.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Ping Song
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (Y.W.); (G.J.); (F.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (M.-H.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-413-6636
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50
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Ramírez García G, d'Orlyé F, Richard C, Mignet N, Varenne A. Electrokinetic elucidation of the interactions between persistent luminescent nanoprobes and the binary apolipoprotein-E/albumin protein system. Analyst 2021; 146:5245-5254. [PMID: 34296726 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00781e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The affinity between functional nanoparticles (NPs) and proteins could determine the efficacy of nanoprobes, nanosensors, nanocarriers, and many other devices for biomedical applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop analytical strategies to accurately evaluate the magnitude of these protein corona interactions in physiological media. In this work, different electrokinetic strategies were implemented to accurately determine the interactions between PEGylated ZnGa1.995Cr0.005O4 persistent luminescent NPs (ZGO-PEG) and two important serum proteins: human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant serum protein, and apolipoprotein-E (ApoE), associated with the active transport of NPs through the blood-brain barrier. Firstly, the injection of ZGO-PEG in a background electrolyte (BGE) containing individual proteins allowed an affinity study to separately characterize each NP-protein system. Then, the same procedure was applied in a buffer containing a mixture of the two proteins at different molar ratios. Finally, the NPs were pre-incubated with one protein and thereafter electrokinetically separated in a BGE containing the second protein. These analytical strategies revealed the mechanisms (comparative, cooperative or competitive systems) and the magnitude of their interactions, resulting in all cases in notably higher affinity and stability between ZGO-PEG and ApoE (Ka = 1.96 ± 0.25 × 1010 M-M) compared to HSA (Ka = 4.60 ± 0.41 × 106 M-M). For the first time, the inter-protein ApoE/HSA interactions with ZGO-PEG were also demonstrated, highlighting the formation of a ternary ZGO-PEG/ApoE/HSA nanocomplex. These results open the way for a deeper understanding of the protein corona formation, and the development of versatile optical imaging applications for ZGO-PEG and other systemically delivered nanoprobes ideally vectorized to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ramírez García
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3001, Blvd. Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
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