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Li M, Li W, Liang S, Liao X, Gu M, Li H, Chen X, Liu H, Qin H, Xiao J. BNST GABAergic neurons modulate wakefulness over sleep and anesthesia. Commun Biol 2024; 7:339. [PMID: 38503808 PMCID: PMC10950862 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The neural circuits underlying sleep-wakefulness and general anesthesia have not been fully investigated. The GABAergic neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) play a critical role in stress and fear that relied on heightened arousal. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether BNST GABAergic neurons are involved in the regulation of sleep-wakefulness and anesthesia. Here, using in vivo fiber photometry combined with electroencephalography, electromyography, and video recordings, we found that BNST GABAergic neurons exhibited arousal-state-dependent alterations, with high activities in both wakefulness and rapid-eye movement sleep, but suppressed during anesthesia. Optogenetic activation of these neurons could initiate and maintain wakefulness, and even induce arousal from anesthesia. However, chronic lesion of BNST GABAergic neurons altered spontaneous sleep-wakefulness architecture during the dark phase, but not induction and emergence from anesthesia. Furthermore, we also discovered that the BNST-ventral tegmental area pathway might participate in promoting wakefulness and reanimation from steady-state anesthesia. Collectively, our study explores new elements in neural circuit mechanisms underlying sleep-wakefulness and anesthesia, which may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of consciousness and the development of innovative anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Li
- Advanced Institute for Brain and Intelligence, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiang Liao
- Center for Neurointelligence, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Miaoqing Gu
- Advanced Institute for Brain and Intelligence, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Huiming Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Advanced Institute for Brain and Intelligence, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, 400064, China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Han Qin
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, 400064, China.
| | - Jingyu Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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Smith J, Honig-Frand A, Antila H, Choi A, Kim H, Beier KT, Weber F, Chung S. Regulation of stress-induced sleep fragmentation by preoptic glutamatergic neurons. Curr Biol 2024; 34:12-23.e5. [PMID: 38096820 PMCID: PMC10872481 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are detrimental to our behavioral and emotional well-being. Stressful events disrupt sleep, in particular by inducing brief awakenings (microarousals, MAs), resulting in sleep fragmentation. The preoptic area of the hypothalamus (POA) is crucial for sleep control. However, how POA neurons contribute to the regulation of MAs and thereby impact sleep quality is unknown. Using fiber photometry in mice, we examine the activity of genetically defined POA subpopulations during sleep. We find that POA glutamatergic neurons are rhythmically activated in synchrony with an infraslow rhythm in the spindle band of the electroencephalogram during non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMs) and are transiently activated during MAs. Optogenetic stimulation of these neurons promotes MAs and wakefulness. Exposure to acute social defeat stress fragments NREMs and significantly increases the number of transients in the calcium activity of POA glutamatergic neurons during NREMs. By reducing MAs, optogenetic inhibition during spontaneous sleep and after stress consolidates NREMs. Monosynaptically restricted rabies tracing reveals that POA glutamatergic neurons are innervated by brain regions regulating stress and sleep. In particular, presynaptic glutamatergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamus become activated after stress, and stimulating their projections to the POA promotes MAs and wakefulness. Our findings uncover a novel circuit mechanism by which POA excitatory neurons regulate sleep quality after stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Adam Honig-Frand
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hanna Antila
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ashley Choi
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hannah Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kevin T Beier
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Franz Weber
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shinjae Chung
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Ma W, Li L, Kong L, Zhang H, Yuan P, Huang Z, Wang Y. Whole-brain monosynaptic inputs to lateral periaqueductal gray glutamatergic neurons in mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:4147-4159. [PMID: 37424163 PMCID: PMC10651995 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lateral periaqueductal gray (LPAG), which mainly contains glutamatergic neurons, plays an important role in social responses, pain, and offensive and defensive behaviors. Currently, the whole-brain monosynaptic inputs to LPAG glutamatergic neurons are unknown. This study aims to explore the structural framework of the underlying neural mechanisms of LPAG glutamatergic neurons. METHODS This study used retrograde tracing systems based on the rabies virus, Cre-LoxP technology, and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS We found that 59 nuclei projected monosynaptic inputs to the LPAG glutamatergic neurons. In addition, seven hypothalamic nuclei, namely the lateral hypothalamic area (LH), lateral preoptic area (LPO), substantia innominata (SI), medial preoptic area, ventral pallidum, posterior hypothalamic area, and lateral globus pallidus, projected most densely to the LPAG glutamatergic neurons. Notably, we discovered through further immunofluorescence analysis that the inputs to the LPAG glutamatergic neurons were colocalized with several markers related to important neurological functions associated with physiological behaviors. CONCLUSION The LPAG glutamatergic neurons received dense projections from the hypothalamus, especially nuclei such as LH, LPO, and SI. The input neurons were colocalized with several markers of physiological behaviors, which show the pivotal role of glutamatergic neurons in the physiological behaviors regulation by LPAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Xiang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ling‐Xi Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hui Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, School of PharmacyWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Ping‐Chuan Yuan
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, School of PharmacyWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Zhi‐Li Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yi‐Qun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Fan S, Jin Q, Zhang P, Xu D, Cheng J, Wang L. Isoliquiritigenin modulates the activity of LTS and non-LTS cells in the ventrolateral preoptic area via GABA A receptors. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20620. [PMID: 37876454 PMCID: PMC10590785 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Isoliquiritigenin (ILTG) is a chalcone compound that exhibits hypnotic effects via gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors. The ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO) is a sleep-promoting center that contains a large number of GABA-releasing cells. There are two cell types in the VLPO: one generates a low-threshold spike (LTS), whereas the other lacks an LTS (non-LTS). Method Whole-cell patch-clamp technology was used to detect the firing and currents of LTS and non-LTS cells in the VLPO. Results Bath administration of ILTG (10 μM) increased the firing rate of VLPO LTS cells, reversed by flumazenil (5 μM), a GABAA benzodiazepine site antagonist. However, the firing rate of VLPO non-LTS cells was inhibited by ILTG (10 μM), also reversed by flumazenil (5 μM). No differences were detected regarding resting membrane potential (RMP) amplitude, spike threshold, afterhyperpolarization (AHP) amplitude, or action potential duration (APD50) after ILTG (10 μM) perfusion in VLPO LTS cells. RMP amplitude was more hyperpolarized and spike threshold was higher after ILTG (10 μM) application in VLPO non-LTS cells. In addition, ILTG significantly reduced the frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) in VLPO LTS cells. ILTG significantly increased the amplitude of mIPSCs in VLPO non-LTS cells. Conclusions This study revealed that ILTG suppresses presynaptic GABA release on VLPO LTS cells, thereby increasing their excitability. ILTG enhances postsynaptic GABAA receptor function on VLPO non-LTS cells, thereby decreasing their excitability. These results suggest that ILTG may produce hypnotic effects by modulating the GABAergic synaptic transmission properties of these two cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Fan
- Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiaoling Jin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dejiao Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liecheng Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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5
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Tossell K, Yu X, Giannos P, Anuncibay Soto B, Nollet M, Yustos R, Miracca G, Vicente M, Miao A, Hsieh B, Ma Y, Vyssotski AL, Constandinou T, Franks NP, Wisden W. Somatostatin neurons in prefrontal cortex initiate sleep-preparatory behavior and sleep via the preoptic and lateral hypothalamus. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1805-1819. [PMID: 37735497 PMCID: PMC10545541 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) enables mammals to respond to situations, including internal states, with appropriate actions. One such internal state could be 'tiredness'. Here, using activity tagging in the mouse PFC, we identified particularly excitable, fast-spiking, somatostatin-expressing, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (PFCSst-GABA) cells that responded to sleep deprivation. These cells projected to the lateral preoptic (LPO) hypothalamus and the lateral hypothalamus (LH). Stimulating PFCSst-GABA terminals in the LPO hypothalamus caused sleep-preparatory behavior (nesting, elevated theta power and elevated temperature), and stimulating PFCSst-GABA terminals in the LH mimicked recovery sleep (non-rapid eye-movement sleep with higher delta power and lower body temperature). PFCSst-GABA terminals had enhanced activity during nesting and sleep, inducing inhibitory postsynaptic currents on diverse cells in the LPO hypothalamus and the LH. The PFC also might feature in deciding sleep location in the absence of excessive fatigue. These findings suggest that the PFC instructs the hypothalamus to ensure that optimal sleep takes place in a suitable place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Tossell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Berta Anuncibay Soto
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mathieu Nollet
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Raquel Yustos
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Giulia Miracca
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mikal Vicente
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andawei Miao
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bryan Hsieh
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Neurotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexei L Vyssotski
- Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zürich-ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tim Constandinou
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Neurotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Care Research and Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Nicholas P Franks
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Center for Neurotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - William Wisden
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Center for Neurotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Khouma A, Moeini MM, Plamondon J, Richard D, Caron A, Michael NJ. Histaminergic regulation of food intake. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1202089. [PMID: 37448468 PMCID: PMC10338010 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1202089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a biogenic amine that acts as a neuromodulator within the brain. In the hypothalamus, histaminergic signaling contributes to the regulation of numerous physiological and homeostatic processes, including the regulation of energy balance. Histaminergic neurons project extensively throughout the hypothalamus and two histamine receptors (H1R, H3R) are strongly expressed in key hypothalamic nuclei known to regulate energy homeostasis, including the paraventricular (PVH), ventromedial (VMH), dorsomedial (DMH), and arcuate (ARC) nuclei. The activation of different histamine receptors is associated with differential effects on neuronal activity, mediated by their different G protein-coupling. Consequently, activation of H1R has opposing effects on food intake to that of H3R: H1R activation suppresses food intake, while H3R activation mediates an orexigenic response. The central histaminergic system has been implicated in atypical antipsychotic-induced weight gain and has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity. It has also been demonstrated to interact with other major regulators of energy homeostasis, including the central melanocortin system and the adipose-derived hormone leptin. However, the exact mechanisms by which the histaminergic system contributes to the modification of these satiety signals remain underexplored. The present review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the central histaminergic system's role in regulating feeding and highlights unanswered questions remaining in our knowledge of the functionality of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Khouma
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Moein Minbashi Moeini
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Plamondon
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Richard
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Caron
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natalie Jane Michael
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Prokofeva K, Saito YC, Niwa Y, Mizuno S, Takahashi S, Hirano A, Sakurai T. Structure and Function of Neuronal Circuits Linking Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus and Lateral Hypothalamic Area. J Neurosci 2023; 43:4075-4092. [PMID: 37117013 PMCID: PMC10255079 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1913-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand how sleep-wakefulness cycles are regulated, it is essential to disentangle structural and functional relationships between the preoptic area (POA) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), since these regions play important yet opposing roles in the sleep-wakefulness regulation. GABA- and galanin (GAL)-producing neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) of the POA (VLPOGABA and VLPOGAL neurons) are responsible for the maintenance of sleep, while the LHA contains orexin-producing neurons (orexin neurons) that are crucial for maintenance of wakefulness. Through the use of rabies virus-mediated neural tracing combined with in situ hybridization (ISH) in male and female orexin-iCre mice, we revealed that the vesicular GABA transporter (Vgat, Slc32a1)- and galanin (Gal)-expressing neurons in the VLPO directly synapse with orexin neurons in the LHA. A majority (56.3 ± 8.1%) of all VLPO input neurons connecting to orexin neurons were double-positive for Vgat and Gal Using projection-specific rabies virus-mediated tracing in male and female Vgat-ires-Cre and Gal-Cre mice, we discovered that VLPOGABA and VLPOGAL neurons that send projections to the LHA received innervations from similarly distributed input neurons in many brain regions, with the POA and LHA being among the main upstream areas. Additionally, we found that acute optogenetic excitation of axons of VLPOGABA neurons, but not VLPOGAL neurons, in the LHA of male Vgat-ires-Cre mice induced wakefulness. This study deciphers the connectivity between the VLPO and LHA, provides a large-scale map of upstream neuronal populations of VLPO→LHA neurons, and reveals a previously uncovered function of the VLPOGABA→LHA pathway in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We identified neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) that are positive for vesicular GABA transporter (Vgat) and/or galanin (Gal) and serve as presynaptic partners of orexin-producing neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). We depicted monosynaptic input neurons of GABA- and galanin-producing neurons in the VLPO that send projections to the LHA throughout the entire brain. Their input neurons largely overlap, suggesting that they comprise a common neuronal population. However, acute excitatory optogenetic manipulation of the VLPOGABA→LHA pathway, but not the VLPOGAL→LHA pathway, evoked wakefulness. This study shows the connectivity of major components of the sleep/wake circuitry in the hypothalamus and unveils a previously unrecognized function of the VLPOGABA→LHA pathway in sleep-wakefulness regulation. Furthermore, we suggest the existence of subpopulations of VLPOGABA neurons that innervate LHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniia Prokofeva
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki C Saito
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Niwa
- Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Arisa Hirano
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sakurai
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Life Science Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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Morrone CD, Raghuraman R, Hussaini SA, Yu WH. Proteostasis failure exacerbates neuronal circuit dysfunction and sleep impairments in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:27. [PMID: 37085942 PMCID: PMC10119020 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Failed proteostasis is a well-documented feature of Alzheimer's disease, particularly, reduced protein degradation and clearance. However, the contribution of failed proteostasis to neuronal circuit dysfunction is an emerging concept in neurodegenerative research and will prove critical in understanding cognitive decline. Our objective is to convey Alzheimer's disease progression with the growing evidence for a bidirectional relationship of sleep disruption and proteostasis failure. Proteostasis dysfunction and tauopathy in Alzheimer's disease disrupts neurons that regulate the sleep-wake cycle, which presents behavior as impaired slow wave and rapid eye movement sleep patterns. Subsequent sleep loss further impairs protein clearance. Sleep loss is a defined feature seen early in many neurodegenerative disorders and contributes to memory impairments in Alzheimer's disease. Canonical pathological hallmarks, β-amyloid, and tau, directly disrupt sleep, and neurodegeneration of locus coeruleus, hippocampal and hypothalamic neurons from tau proteinopathy causes disruption of the neuronal circuitry of sleep. Acting in a positive-feedback-loop, sleep loss and circadian rhythm disruption then increase spread of β-amyloid and tau, through impairments of proteasome, autophagy, unfolded protein response and glymphatic clearance. This phenomenon extends beyond β-amyloid and tau, with interactions of sleep impairment with the homeostasis of TDP-43, α-synuclein, FUS, and huntingtin proteins, implicating sleep loss as an important consideration in an array of neurodegenerative diseases and in cases of mixed neuropathology. Critically, the dynamics of this interaction in the neurodegenerative environment are not fully elucidated and are deserving of further discussion and research. Finally, we propose sleep-enhancing therapeutics as potential interventions for promoting healthy proteostasis, including β-amyloid and tau clearance, mechanistically linking these processes. With further clinical and preclinical research, we propose this dynamic interaction as a diagnostic and therapeutic framework, informing precise single- and combinatorial-treatments for Alzheimer's disease and other brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Daniel Morrone
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
| | - Radha Raghuraman
- Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - S Abid Hussaini
- Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Wai Haung Yu
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Geriatric Mental Health Research Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Blanco-Centurion C, Vidal-Ortiz A, Sato T, Shiromani PJ. Activity of GABA neurons in the zona incerta and ventral lateral periaqueductal grey is biased towards sleep. Sleep 2023; 46:6902001. [PMID: 36516419 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES As in various brain regions the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons is largely unknown, we measured in vivo changes in calcium fluorescence in GABA neurons in the zona incerta (ZI) and the ventral lateral periaqueductal grey (vlPAG), two areas that have been implicated in regulating sleep. METHODS vGAT-Cre mice were implanted with sleep electrodes, microinjected with rAAV-DIO-GCaMP6 into the ZI (n = 6) or vlPAG (n = 5) (isoflurane anesthesia) and a GRIN (Gradient-Index) lens inserted atop the injection site. Twenty-one days later, fluorescence in individual vGAT neurons was recorded over multiple REM cycles. Regions of interest corresponding to individual vGAT somata were automatically extracted with PCA-ICA analysis. RESULTS In the ZI, 372 neurons were identified. Previously, we had recorded the activity of 310 vGAT neurons in the ZI and we combined the published dataset with the new dataset to create a comprehensive dataset of ZI vGAT neurons (total neurons = 682; mice = 11). In the vlPAG, 169 neurons (mice = 5) were identified. In both regions, most neurons were maximally active in REM sleep (R-Max; ZI = 51.0%, vlPAG = 60.9%). The second most abundant group was W-Max (ZI = 23.9%, vlPAG = 25.4%). In the ZI, but not in vlPAG, there were neurons that were NREMS-Max (11.7%). vlPAG had REMS-Off neurons (8.3%). In both areas, there were two minor classes: wake/REMS-Max and state indifferent. In the ZI, the NREMS-Max neurons fluoresced 30 s ahead of sleep onset. CONCLUSIONS These descriptive data show that the activity of GABA neurons is biased in favor of sleep in two brain regions implicated in sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurelio Vidal-Ortiz
- Laboratory of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Healthcare System, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Priyattam J Shiromani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC, USA
- Laboratory of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Healthcare System, Charleston, SC, USA
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10
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Wang M, Li B, Liu Y, Zhang M, Huang C, Cai T, Jia Y, Huang X, Ke H, Liu S, Yang S. Shu-Xie decoction alleviates oxidative stress and colon injury in acute sleep-deprived mice by suppressing p62/KEAP1/NRF2/HO1/NQO1 signaling. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1107507. [PMID: 36814500 PMCID: PMC9939528 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1107507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep disorders are common clinical psychosomatic disorders that can co-exist with a variety of conditions. In humans and animal models, sleep deprivation (SD) is closely related with gastrointestinal diseases. Shu-Xie Decoction (SX) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant properties. SX is effective in the clinic for treating patients with abnormal sleep and/or gastrointestinal disorders, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. This study investigated the mechanisms by which SX alleviates SD-induced colon injury in vivo. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were placed on an automated sleep deprivation system for 72 h to generate an acute sleep deprivation (ASD) model, and low-dose SX (SXL), high-dose SX (SXH), or S-zopiclone (S-z) as a positive control using the oral gavage were given during the whole ASD-induced period for one time each day. The colon length was measured and the colon morphology was visualized using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. ROS and the redox biomarkers include reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), molecular docking, immunofluorescence and western blotting assays were performed to detect the antioxidant signaling pathways. Results: ASD significantly increased FBG levels, decreased colon length, moderately increased the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colon mucosa, altered the colon mucosal structure, increased the levels of ROS, GSH, MDA, and SOD activity compared with the controls. These adverse effects were significantly alleviated by SX treatment. ASD induced nuclear translocation of NRF2 in the colon mucosal cells and increased the expression levels of p62, NQO1, and HO1 transcripts and proteins, but these effects were reversed by SX treatment. Conclusion: SX decoction ameliorated ASD-induced oxidative stress and colon injury by suppressing the p62/KEAP1/NRF2/HO1/NQO1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, combined clinical experience, SX may be a promising drug for sleep disorder combined with colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Wang
- Research Studio of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bo Li
- Research Studio of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China,*Correspondence: Bo Li, ; Suhuan Liu, ; Shuyu Yang,
| | - Yijiang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- Research Studio of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Caoxin Huang
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Teng Cai
- Research Studio of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yibing Jia
- Research Studio of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- Research Studio of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hongfei Ke
- Research Studio of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Suhuan Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China,*Correspondence: Bo Li, ; Suhuan Liu, ; Shuyu Yang,
| | - Shuyu Yang
- Research Studio of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China,*Correspondence: Bo Li, ; Suhuan Liu, ; Shuyu Yang,
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11
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Sulaman BA, Wang S, Tyan J, Eban-Rothschild A. Neuro-orchestration of sleep and wakefulness. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:196-212. [PMID: 36581730 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01236-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although considered an inactive state for centuries, sleep entails many active processes occurring at the cellular, circuit and organismal levels. Over the last decade, several key technological advances, including calcium imaging and optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulations, have facilitated a detailed understanding of the functions of different neuronal populations and circuits in sleep-wake regulation. Here, we present recent progress and summarize our current understanding of the circuitry underlying the initiation, maintenance and coordination of wakefulness, rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) and non-REMS (NREMS). We propose a de-arousal model for sleep initiation, in which the neuromodulatory milieu necessary for sleep initiation is achieved by engaging in repetitive pre-sleep behaviors that gradually reduce vigilance to the external environment and wake-promoting neuromodulatory tone. We also discuss how brain processes related to thermoregulation, hunger and fear intersect with sleep-wake circuits to control arousal. Lastly, we discuss controversies and lingering questions in the sleep field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi A Sulaman
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jean Tyan
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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12
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Fan S, Cheng X, Zhang P, Wang Y, Wang L, Cheng J. The α 2 Adrenoceptor Agonist and Sedative/Anaesthetic Dexmedetomidine Excites Diverse Neuronal Types in the Ventrolateral Preoptic Area of Male Mice. ASN Neuro 2023; 15:17590914231191016. [PMID: 37499170 PMCID: PMC10388635 DOI: 10.1177/17590914231191016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY STATEMENT Dexmedetomidine is an important ICU sedative. The mechanism of dexmedetomidine is not fully understood. Activating NA(-) and NA(+) neurons in the VLPO by dexmedetomidine using polysomnography and electrophysiological recording, this may explain the unique sedative properties with rapid arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Fan
- Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinqi Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyin Wang
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liecheng Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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13
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Zhao J, Liu C, Zhang F, Zheng Z, Luo F, Xia J, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Tang J, Song Z, Li S, Xu K, Chen M, Jiang C, He C, Tang L, Hu Z, Gao D, Ren S. A paraventricular thalamus to central amygdala neural circuit modulates acute stress-induced heightened wakefulness. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111824. [PMID: 36516774 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heightened wakefulness in response to stressors is essential for survival but can also lead to sleep disorders like insomnia. The paraventricular thalamus (PVT) is both a critical thalamic area for wakefulness and a stress-sensitive brain region. However, whether the PVT and its neural circuitries are involved in controlling wakefulness in stress conditions remains unknown. Here, we find that PVT neurons projecting to the central amygdala (CeA) are activated by different stressors. These neurons are wakefulness-active and increase their activities upon sleep to wakefulness transitions. Optogenetic activation of the PVT-CeA circuit evokes transitions from sleep to wakefulness, whereas selectively silencing the activity of this circuit decreases time spent in wakefulness. Specifically, chemogenetic inhibition of CeA-projecting PVT neurons not only alleviates stress responses but also attenuates the acute stress-induced increase of wakefulness. Thus, our results demonstrate that the PVT-CeA circuit controls physiological wakefulness and modulates acute stress-induced heightened wakefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhao
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China; Department of Neurology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China; Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400050, China
| | - Fenyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ziyi Zheng
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fenlan Luo
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianxia Xia
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jinxiang Tang
- Sleep and Psychology Center, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402760, China
| | - Zhenbo Song
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Siyu Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Kan Xu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Chenggang Jiang
- Psychology Department, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Department of Neurology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Zhian Hu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China.
| | - Dong Gao
- Department of Sleep and Psychology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Shuancheng Ren
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Army 953 Hospital, Army Medical University, Shigatse 857000, China.
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14
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Kroeger D, Thundercliffe J, Phung A, De Luca R, Geraci C, Bragg S, McCafferty KJ, Bandaru SS, Arrigoni E, Scammell TE. Glutamatergic pedunculopontine tegmental neurons control wakefulness and locomotion via distinct axonal projections. Sleep 2022; 45:zsac242. [PMID: 36170177 PMCID: PMC9742893 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The pedunculopontine tegmental (PPT) nucleus is implicated in many brain functions, ranging from sleep/wake control and locomotion, to reward mechanisms and learning. The PPT contains cholinergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons with extensive ascending and descending axonal projections. Glutamatergic PPT (PPTvGlut2) neurons are thought to promote wakefulness, but the mechanisms through which this occurs are unknown. In addition, some researchers propose that PPTvGlut2 neurons promote locomotion, yet even though the PPT is a target for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease, the role of the PPT in locomotion is debated. We hypothesized that PPTvGluT2 neurons drive arousal and specific waking behaviors via certain projections and modulate locomotion via others. METHODS We mapped the axonal projections of PPTvGlut2 neurons using conditional anterograde tracing and then photostimulated PPTvGlut2 soma or their axon terminal fields across sleep/wake states and analyzed sleep/wake behavior, muscle activity, and locomotion in transgenic mice. RESULTS We found that stimulation of PPTvGlut2 soma and their axon terminals rapidly triggered arousals from non-rapid eye movement sleep, especially with activation of terminals in the basal forebrain (BF) and lateral hypothalamus (LH). With photoactivation of PPTvGlut2 terminals in the BF and LH, this wakefulness was accompanied by locomotion and other active behaviors, but stimulation of PPTvGlut2 soma and terminals in the substantia nigra triggered only quiet wakefulness without locomotion. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the importance of the PPTvGluT2 neurons in driving various aspects of arousal and show that heterogeneous brain nuclei, such as the PPT, can promote a variety of behaviors via distinct axonal projections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kroeger
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Jack Thundercliffe
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alex Phung
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberto De Luca
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carolyn Geraci
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel Bragg
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kayleen J McCafferty
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Sathyajit S Bandaru
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elda Arrigoni
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas E Scammell
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Lo YJ, Mishra VK, Lo HY, Dubey NK, Lo WC. Clinical Spectrum and Trajectory of Innovative Therapeutic Interventions for Insomnia: A Perspective. Aging Dis 2022:AD.2022.1203. [PMID: 37163444 PMCID: PMC10389812 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing incidences of insomnia in adults, as well as the aging population, have been reported for their negative impact on the quality of life. Insomnia episodes may be associated with neurocognitive, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal, hepatic, and metabolic disorders. Epidemiological evidence also revealed the association of insomnia with oncologic and asthmatic complications, which has been indicated as bidirectional. Two therapeutic approaches including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and drugs-based therapies are being practiced for a long time. However, the adverse events associated with drugs limit their wide and long-term application. Further, Traditional Chinese medicine, acupressure, and pulsed magnetic field therapy may also provide therapeutic relief. Notably, the recently introduced cryotherapy has been demonstrated as a potential candidate for insomnia which could reduce pain, by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation. It seems that the synergistic therapeutic approach of cryotherapy and the above-mentioned approaches might offer promising prospects to further improve efficacy and safety. Considering these facts, this perspective presents a comprehensive summary of recent advances in pathological aetiologies of insomnia including COVID-19, and its therapeutic management with a greater emphasis on cryotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Navneet Kumar Dubey
- Victory Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Taipei 114757, Taiwan
- ShiNeo Technology Co., Ltd., New Taipei City 24262, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Lo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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16
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Zhao YN, Jiang JB, Tao SY, Zhang Y, Chen ZK, Qu WM, Huang ZL, Yang SR. GABAergic neurons in the rostromedial tegmental nucleus are essential for rapid eye movement sleep suppression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7552. [PMID: 36477665 PMCID: PMC9729601 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep disturbances are prevalent in various psychiatric disorders. However, the neural circuits that regulate REM sleep remain poorly understood. Here, we found that in male mice, optogenetic activation of rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) GABAergic neurons immediately converted REM sleep to arousal and then initiated non-REM (NREM) sleep. Conversely, laser-mediated inactivation completely converted NREM to REM sleep and prolonged REM sleep duration. The activity of RMTg GABAergic neurons increased to a high discharge level at the termination of REM sleep. RMTg GABAergic neurons directly converted REM sleep to wakefulness and NREM sleep via inhibitory projections to the laterodorsal tegmentum (LDT) and lateral hypothalamus (LH), respectively. Furthermore, LDT glutamatergic neurons were responsible for the REM sleep-wake transitions following photostimulation of the RMTgGABA-LDT circuit. Thus, RMTg GABAergic neurons are essential for suppressing the induction and maintenance of REM sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Zhao
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science; Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jian-Bo Jiang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science; Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Shi-Yuan Tao
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science; Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yang Zhang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science; Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Ze-Ka Chen
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science; Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Wei-Min Qu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science; Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Zhi-Li Huang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science; Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Su-Rong Yang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science; Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
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17
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Computational model of the alerting function in attention. COGN SYST RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Garrido-Suárez BB, Garrido-Valdes M, Garrido G. Reactogenic sleepiness after COVID-19 vaccination. A hypothesis involving orexinergic system linked to inflammatory signals. Sleep Med 2022; 98:79-86. [PMID: 35792321 PMCID: PMC9212783 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a global healthcare crisis that has led to morbidity and mortality on an unprecedented scale. While studies on COVID-19 vaccines are ongoing, the knowledge about the reactogenic symptoms that can occur after vaccination and its generator mechanisms can be critical for healthcare professionals to improve compliance with the future vaccination campaign. Because sleep and immunity are bidirectionally linked, sleepiness or sleep disturbance side effects reported after some of the COVID-19 vaccines advise an academic research line in the context of physiological or pathological neuroimmune interactions. On the recognized basis of inflammatory regulation of hypothalamic neurons in sickness behavior, we hypothesized that IL-1β, INF-γ and TNF-α pro-inflammatory cytokines inhibit orexinergic neurons promoting sleepiness after peripheral activation of the innate immune system induced by the novel COVID-19 vaccines. In addition, based on knowledge of previous vaccines and disease manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it also suggests that narcolepsy must be included as potential adverse events of particular interest to consider in pharmacovigilance studies.
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19
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Cai P, Huang SN, Lin ZH, Wang Z, Liu RF, Xiao WH, Li ZS, Zhu ZH, Yao J, Yan XB, Wang FD, Zeng SX, Chen GQ, Yang LY, Sun YK, Yu C, Chen L, Wang WX. Regulation of wakefulness by astrocytes in the lateral hypothalamus. Neuropharmacology 2022; 221:109275. [PMID: 36195131 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
Abstract
The lateral hypothalamus (LH) is an important brain region mediating sleep-wake behavior. Recent evidence has shown that central nervous system astrocytes modulate the activity of adjacent neurons and participate in several physiological functions. However, the role of LH astrocytes in sleep-wake regulation remains unclear. Here, using synchronous recording of electroencephalogram/electromyogram in mice and calcium signals in LH astrocytes, we show that the activity of LH astrocytes is significantly increased during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep-to-wake transitions and decreased during wake-to-NREM sleep transitions. Chemogenetic activation of LH astrocytes potently promotes wakefulness and maintains long-term arousal, while chemogenetic inhibition of LH astrocytes decreases the total amount of wakefulness in mice. Moreover, by combining chemogenetics with fiber photometry, we show that activation of LH astrocytes significantly increases the calcium signals of adjacent neurons, especially among GABAergic neurons. Taken together, our results clearly illustrate that LH astrocytes are a key neural substrate regulating wakefulness and encode this behavior through surrounding GABAergic neurons. Our findings raise the possibility that overactivity of LH astrocytes may be an underlying mechanism of clinical sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cai
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Huang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Lin
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zewu Wang
- Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ren-Fu Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Hao Xiao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhang-Shu Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiong-Bin Yan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fu-Dan Wang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shun-Xing Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liu-Yun Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu-Kun Sun
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Changxi Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Wen-Xiang Wang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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20
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Rivas M, Serantes D, Pascovich C, Peña F, Ferreira A, Torterolo P, Benedetto L. Electrophysiological characterization of medial preoptic neurons in lactating rats and its modulation by hypocretin-1. Neurosci Res 2022; 184:19-29. [PMID: 36030967 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The medial preoptic area (mPOA) undergoes through neuroanatomical changes across the postpartum period, during which its neurons play a critical role in the regulation of maternal behavior. In addition, this area is also crucial for sleep-wake regulation. We have previously shown that hypocretins (HCRT) within the mPOA facilitate active maternal behaviors in postpartum rats, while the blockade of endogenous HCRT in this area promotes nursing and sleep. To explore the mechanisms behind these HCRT actions, we aimed to evaluate the effects of juxta-cellular HCRT-1 administration on mPOA neurons in urethane-anesthetized postpartum and virgin female rats. We recorded mPOA single units and the electroencephalogram (EEG) and applied HCRT-1 juxta-cellular by pressure pulses. Our main results show that the electrophysiological characteristics of the mPOA neurons and their relationship with the EEG of postpartum rats did not differ from virgin rats. Additionally, neurons that respond to HCRT-1 had a slower firing rate than those that did not. In addition, administration of HCRT increased the activity in one group of neurons while decreasing it in another, both in postpartum and virgin rats. The mechanisms by which HCRT modulate functions controlled by the mPOA involve different cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayda Rivas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Diego Serantes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Claudia Pascovich
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Consciousness and Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Florencia Peña
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Annabel Ferreira
- Sección de Fisiología y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Torterolo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Luciana Benedetto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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21
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Webb JM, Ma M, Yin C, Ptáček LJ, Fu YH. An excitatory peri-tegmental reticular nucleus circuit for wake maintenance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203266119. [PMID: 35901245 PMCID: PMC9407645 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203266119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a necessity for our survival, but its regulation remains incompletely understood. Here, we used a human sleep duration gene to identify a population of cells in the peri-tegmental reticular nucleus (pTRNADRB1) that regulate sleep-wake, uncovering a role for a poorly understood brain area. Although initial ablation in mice led to increased wakefulness, further validation revealed that pTRNADRB1 neuron stimulation strongly promotes wakefulness, even after stimulation offset. Using combinatorial genetics, we found that excitatory pTRNADRB1 neurons promote wakefulness. pTRN neurons can be characterized as anterior- or posterior-projecting neurons based on multiplexed analysis of projections by sequencing (MAPseq) analysis. Finally, we found that pTRNADRB1 neurons promote wakefulness, in part, through projections to the lateral hypothalamus. Thus, human genetic information from a human sleep trait allowed us to identify a role for the pTRN in sleep-wake regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Webb
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Mingyang Ma
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Chen Yin
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Louis J. Ptáček
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Ying-Hui Fu
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
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22
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De Luca R, Nardone S, Grace KP, Venner A, Cristofolini M, Bandaru SS, Sohn LT, Kong D, Mochizuki T, Viberti B, Zhu L, Zito A, Scammell TE, Saper CB, Lowell BB, Fuller PM, Arrigoni E. Orexin neurons inhibit sleep to promote arousal. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4163. [PMID: 35851580 PMCID: PMC9293990 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31591-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans and animals lacking orexin neurons exhibit daytime sleepiness, sleep attacks, and state instability. While the circuit basis by which orexin neurons contribute to consolidated wakefulness remains unclear, existing models posit that orexin neurons provide their wake-stabilizing influence by exerting excitatory tone on other brain arousal nodes. Here we show using in vivo optogenetics, in vitro optogenetic-based circuit mapping, and single-cell transcriptomics that orexin neurons also contribute to arousal maintenance through indirect inhibition of sleep-promoting neurons of the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus. Activation of this subcortical circuit rapidly drives wakefulness from sleep by differentially modulating the activity of ventrolateral preoptic neurons. We further identify and characterize a feedforward circuit through which orexin (and co-released glutamate) acts to indirectly target and inhibit sleep-promoting ventrolateral preoptic neurons to produce arousal. This revealed circuitry provides an alternate framework for understanding how orexin neurons contribute to the maintenance of consolidated wakefulness and stabilize behavioral state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De Luca
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Stefano Nardone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin P Grace
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anne Venner
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Michela Cristofolini
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sathyajit S Bandaru
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Lauren T Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Dong Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center. Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takatoshi Mochizuki
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering. University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Bianca Viberti
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Antonino Zito
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Thomas E Scammell
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Clifford B Saper
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Bradford B Lowell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick M Fuller
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Elda Arrigoni
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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23
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Wheatcroft T, Saleem AB, Solomon SG. Functional Organisation of the Mouse Superior Colliculus. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:792959. [PMID: 35601532 PMCID: PMC9118347 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.792959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The superior colliculus (SC) is a highly conserved area of the mammalian midbrain that is widely implicated in the organisation and control of behaviour. SC receives input from a large number of brain areas, and provides outputs to a large number of areas. The convergence and divergence of anatomical connections with different areas and systems provides challenges for understanding how SC contributes to behaviour. Recent work in mouse has provided large anatomical datasets, and a wealth of new data from experiments that identify and manipulate different cells within SC, and their inputs and outputs, during simple behaviours. These data offer an opportunity to better understand the roles that SC plays in these behaviours. However, some of the observations appear, at first sight, to be contradictory. Here we review this recent work and hypothesise a simple framework which can capture the observations, that requires only a small change to previous models. Specifically, the functional organisation of SC can be explained by supposing that three largely distinct circuits support three largely distinct classes of simple behaviours-arrest, turning towards, and the triggering of escape or capture. These behaviours are hypothesised to be supported by the optic, intermediate and deep layers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samuel G. Solomon
- Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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24
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The Sleep-Promoting Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus: What Have We Learned over the Past 25 Years? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062905. [PMID: 35328326 PMCID: PMC8954377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
For over a century, the role of the preoptic hypothalamus and adjacent basal forebrain in sleep-wake regulation has been recognized. However, for years, the identity and location of sleep- and wake-promoting neurons in this region remained largely unresolved. Twenty-five years ago, Saper and colleagues uncovered a small collection of sleep-active neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) of the preoptic hypothalamus, and since this seminal discovery the VLPO has been intensively investigated by labs around the world, including our own. Herein, we first review the history of the preoptic area, with an emphasis on the VLPO in sleep-wake control. We then attempt to synthesize our current understanding of the circuit, cellular and synaptic bases by which the VLPO both regulates and is itself regulated, in order to exert a powerful control over behavioral state, as well as examining data suggesting an involvement of the VLPO in other physiological processes.
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25
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Oesch LT, Adamantidis AR. How REM sleep shapes hypothalamic computations for feeding behavior. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:990-1003. [PMID: 34663506 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The electrical activity of diverse brain cells is modulated across states of vigilance, namely wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Enhanced activity of neuronal circuits during NREM sleep impacts on subsequent awake behaviors, yet the significance of their activation, or lack thereof, during REM sleep remains unclear. This review focuses on feeding-promoting cells in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) that express the vesicular GABA and glycine transporter (vgat) as a model to further understand the impact of REM sleep on neural encoding of goal-directed behavior. It emphasizes both spatial and temporal aspects of hypothalamic cell dynamics across awake behaviors and REM sleep, and discusses a role for REM sleep in brain plasticity underlying energy homeostasis and behavioral optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas T Oesch
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Neurobiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Antoine R Adamantidis
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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26
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Restoring the Molecular Clockwork within the Suprachiasmatic Hypothalamus of an Otherwise Clockless Mouse Enables Circadian Phasing and Stabilization of Sleep-Wake Cycles and Reverses Memory Deficits. J Neurosci 2021; 41:8562-8576. [PMID: 34446572 PMCID: PMC8513698 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3141-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing and quality of sleep-wake cycles are regulated by interacting circadian and homeostatic mechanisms. Although the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the principal clock, circadian clocks are active across the brain and the respective sleep-regulatory roles of SCN and local clocks are unclear. To determine the specific contribution(s) of the SCN, we used virally mediated genetic complementation, expressing Cryptochrome1 (Cry1) to establish circadian molecular competence in the suprachiasmatic hypothalamus of globally clockless, arrhythmic male Cry1/Cry2-null mice. Under free-running conditions, the rest/activity behavior of Cry1/Cry2-null controls expressing EGFP (SCNCon) was arrhythmic, whereas Cry1-complemented mice (SCNCry1) had coherent circadian behavior, comparable to that of Cry1,2-competent wild types (WTs). In SCNCon mice, sleep-wakefulness, assessed by electroencephalography (EEG)/electromyography (EMG), lacked circadian organization. In SCNCry1 mice, however, it matched WTs, with consolidated vigilance states [wake, rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) and non-REMS (NREMS)] and rhythms in NREMS δ power and expression of REMS within total sleep (TS). Wakefulness in SCNCon mice was more fragmented than in WTs, with more wake-NREMS-wake transitions. This disruption was reversed in SCNCry1 mice. Following sleep deprivation (SD), all mice showed a homeostatic increase in NREMS δ power, although the SCNCon mice had reduced NREMS during the inactive (light) phase of recovery. In contrast, the dynamics of homeostatic responses in the SCNCry1 mice were comparable to WTs. Finally, SCNCon mice exhibited poor sleep-dependent memory but this was corrected in SCNCry1mice. In clockless mice, circadian molecular competence focused solely on the SCN rescued the architecture and consolidation of sleep-wake and sleep-dependent memory, highlighting its dominant role in timing sleep. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The circadian timing system regulates sleep-wake cycles. The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the principal circadian clock, but the presence of multiple local brain and peripheral clocks mean the respective roles of SCN and other clocks in regulating sleep are unclear. We therefore used virally mediated genetic complementation to restore molecular circadian functions in the suprachiasmatic hypothalamus, focusing on the SCN, in otherwise genetically clockless, arrhythmic mice. This initiated circadian activity-rest cycles, and circadian sleep-wake cycles, circadian patterning to the intensity of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) and circadian control of REMS as a proportion of total sleep (TS). Consolidation of sleep-wake established normal dynamics of sleep homeostasis and enhanced sleep-dependent memory. Thus, the suprachiasmatic hypothalamus, alone, can direct circadian regulation of sleep-wake.
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27
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Liang Y, Shi W, Xiang A, Hu D, Wang L, Zhang L. The NAergic locus coeruleus-ventrolateral preoptic area neural circuit mediates rapid arousal from sleep. Curr Biol 2021; 31:3729-3742.e5. [PMID: 34270948 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC), which is located in the brain stem, plays an important role in promoting arousal. However, the neural circuitry underlying this function remains unclear. Using cortical electroencephalography combined with optrode recording, we found that LC noradrenergic (LCNA) neurons exhibit high activity during wakefulness, while suppressing the activity of these neurons causes a reduction in wakefulness. Viral tracing showed that LCNA neurons directly project to the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO) and that optogenetic activation of the noradrenergic (NAergic) LC-VLPO (NAergicLC-VLPO) neural circuit promotes arousal. Optrode recordings in the VLPO revealed two functionally distinct neuronal populations that were stimulated in response to the optogenetic activation of LCNA neurons. Consistently, we identified two types of VLPO neurons that exhibited different responses to NAergic projections from the LC mediated by discrete adrenergic receptors. Together, our results demonstrate that the NAergicLC-VLPO neural circuit is a critical pathway for controlling wakefulness and that a synergistic effect is produced by inhibition of sleep-active neurons in the VLPO through α2 receptors and activation of wake-active neurons in the VLPO through α1 and β receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China; The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Wu Shi
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Anfeng Xiang
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Hu
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Liecheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, 200065 Shanghai, P. R. China.
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28
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Rothhaas R, Chung S. Role of the Preoptic Area in Sleep and Thermoregulation. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:664781. [PMID: 34276287 PMCID: PMC8280336 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.664781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep and body temperature are tightly interconnected in mammals: warming up our body helps to fall asleep and the body temperature in turn drops while falling asleep. The preoptic area of the hypothalamus (POA) serves as an essential brain region to coordinate sleep and body temperature. Understanding how these two behaviors are controlled within the POA requires the molecular identification of the involved circuits and mapping their local and brain-wide connectivity. Here, we review our current understanding of how sleep and body temperature are regulated with a focus on recently discovered sleep- and thermo-regulatory POA neurons. We further discuss unresolved key questions including the anatomical and functional overlap of sleep- and thermo-regulatory neurons, their pathways and the role of various signaling molecules. We suggest that analysis of genetically defined circuits will provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the coordinated regulation of sleep and body temperature in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rothhaas
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shinjae Chung
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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29
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Li YD, Luo YJ, Xu W, Ge J, Cherasse Y, Wang YQ, Lazarus M, Qu WM, Huang ZL. Ventral pallidal GABAergic neurons control wakefulness associated with motivation through the ventral tegmental pathway. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:2912-2928. [PMID: 33057171 PMCID: PMC8505244 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-00906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The ventral pallidum (VP) regulates motivation, drug addiction, and several behaviors that rely on heightened arousal. However, the role and underlying neural circuits of the VP in the control of wakefulness remain poorly understood. In the present study, we sought to elucidate the specific role of VP GABAergic neurons in controlling sleep-wake behaviors in mice. Fiber photometry revealed that the population activity of VP GABAergic neurons was increased during physiological transitions from non-rapid eye movement (non-REM, NREM) sleep to either wakefulness or REM sleep. Moreover, chemogenetic and optogenetic manipulations were leveraged to investigate a potential causal role of VP GABAergic neurons in initiating and/or maintaining arousal. In vivo optogenetic stimulation of VP GABAergic neurons innervating the ventral tegmental area (VTA) strongly promoted arousal via disinhibition of VTA dopaminergic neurons. Functional in vitro mapping revealed that VP GABAergic neurons, in principle, inhibited VTA GABAergic neurons but also inhibited VTA dopaminergic neurons. In addition, optogenetic stimulation of terminals of VP GABAergic neurons revealed that they promoted arousal by innervating the lateral hypothalamus, but not the mediodorsal thalamus or lateral habenula. The increased wakefulness chemogenetically evoked by VP GABAergic neuronal activation was completely abolished by pretreatment with dopaminergic D1 and D2/D3 receptor antagonists. Furthermore, activation of VP GABAergic neurons increased exploration time in both the open-field and light-dark box tests but did not modulate depression-like behaviors or food intake. Finally, chemogenetic inhibition of VP GABAergic neurons decreased arousal. Taken together, our findings indicate that VP GABAergic neurons are essential for arousal related to motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan-Jia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Ge
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yoan Cherasse
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yi-Qun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Michael Lazarus
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Wei-Min Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Li Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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30
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Blanco-Centurion C, Luo S, Vidal-Ortiz A, Swank C, Shiromani PJ. Activity of a subset of vesicular GABA-transporter neurons in the ventral zona incerta anticipates sleep onset. Sleep 2021; 44:6017820. [PMID: 33270105 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep and wake are opposing behavioral states controlled by the activity of specific neurons that need to be located and mapped. To better understand how a waking brain falls asleep it is necessary to identify activity of individual phenotype-specific neurons, especially neurons that anticipate sleep onset. In freely behaving mice, we used microendoscopy to monitor calcium (Ca2+) fluorescence in individual hypothalamic neurons expressing the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT), a validated marker of GABA neurons. METHODS vGAT-Cre mice (male = 3; female = 2) transfected with rAAV-FLEX-GCaMP6M in the lateral hypothalamus were imaged 30 days later during multiple episodes of waking (W), non-rapid-eye movement sleep (NREMS) or REMS (REMS). RESULTS 372 vGAT neurons were recorded in the zona incerta. 23.9% of the vGAT neurons showed maximal fluorescence during wake (classified as wake-max), 4% were NREM-max, 56.2% REM-max, 5.9% wake/REM max, while 9.9% were state-indifferent. In the NREM-max group, Ca2+ fluorescence began to increase before onset of NREM sleep, remained high throughout NREM sleep, and declined in REM sleep. CONCLUSIONS We found that 60.2% of the vGAT GABA neurons in the zona incerta had activity that was biased towards sleep (NREM and REMS). A subset of vGAT neurons (NREM-max) became active in advance of sleep onset and may induce sleep by inhibiting the activity of the arousal neurons. Abnormal activation of the NREM-max neurons may drive sleep attacks and hypersomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Blanco-Centurion
- Laboratory of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - SiWei Luo
- Laboratory of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - Colby Swank
- Laboratory of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Priyattam J Shiromani
- Laboratory of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.,Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC
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Gazea M, Furdan S, Sere P, Oesch L, Molnár B, Di Giovanni G, Fenno LE, Ramakrishnan C, Mattis J, Deisseroth K, Dymecki SM, Adamantidis AR, Lőrincz ML. Reciprocal Lateral Hypothalamic and Raphe GABAergic Projections Promote Wakefulness. J Neurosci 2021; 41:4840-4849. [PMID: 33888606 PMCID: PMC8260159 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2850-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lateral hypothalamus (LH), together with multiple neuromodulatory systems of the brain, such as the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR), is implicated in arousal, yet interactions between these systems are just beginning to be explored. Using a combination of viral tracing, circuit mapping, electrophysiological recordings from identified neurons, and combinatorial optogenetics in mice, we show that GABAergic neurons in the LH selectively inhibit GABAergic neurons in the DR, resulting in increased firing of a substantial fraction of its neurons that ultimately promotes arousal. These DRGABA neurons are wake active and project to multiple brain areas involved in the control of arousal, including the LH, where their specific activation potently influences local network activity leading to arousal from sleep. Our results show how mutual inhibitory projections between the LH and the DR promote wakefulness and suggest a complex arousal control by intimate interactions between long-range connections and local circuit dynamics.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Multiple brain systems including the lateral hypothalamus and raphe serotonergic system are involved in the regulation of the sleep/wake cycle, yet the interaction between these systems have remained elusive. Here we show that mutual disinhibition mediated by long range inhibitory projections between these brain areas can promote wakefulness. The main importance of this work relies in revealing the interaction between a brain area involved in autonomic regulation and another in controlling higher brain functions including reward, patience, mood and sensory coding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Gazea
- Centre for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Szabina Furdan
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Péter Sere
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged 6726, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Lukas Oesch
- Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Benedek Molnár
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged 6726, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Neurosci ence Division, School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, MSD 2080, Malta
| | - Lief E Fenno
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford 94305, California
| | | | - Joanna Mattis
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford 94305, California
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford 94305, California
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford 94305, California
| | - Susan M Dymecki
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, Massachusetts
| | - Antoine R Adamantidis
- Centre for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Magor L Lőrincz
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged 6726, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged 6720, Hungary
- Neurosci ence Division, School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
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32
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Yue XF, Wang AZ, Hou YP, Fan K. Effects of propofol on sleep architecture and sleep-wake systems in rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 411:113380. [PMID: 34033853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the synchronization of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is found during propofol-induced general anesthesia, which is similar to that of slow-wave sleep (SWS). However, a complete understanding is lacking in terms of the characteristics of EEG changes in rats after propofol administration and whether propofol acts through natural sleep circuits. Here, we examined the characteristics of EEG patterns induced by intraperitoneal injection of propofol in rats. We found that high (10 mg/kg) and medium (5 mg/kg) doses of propofol induced a cortical EEG of low-frequency, high-amplitude activity with rare electromyographic activity and markedly shortened sleep latency. The high dose of propofol increased deep slow-wave sleep (SWS2) to 4 h, as well as the number of large SWS2 bouts (>480 s), their mean duration and the peak of the power density curve in the delta range of 0.75-3.25 Hz. After the medium dose of propofol, the total number of wakefulness, light slow-wave sleep (SWS1) and SWS2 episodes increased, whereas the mean duration of wakefulness decreased. The high dose of propofol significantly increased c-fos expression in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) sleep center and decreased the number of c-fos-immunoreactive neurons in wake-related systems including the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN), perifornical nucleus (PeF), lateral hypothalamic nucleus (LH), ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vPAG) and supramammillary region (SuM). These results indicated that the high dose of propofol produced high-quality sleep by increasing SWS2, whereas the medium dose produced fragmented and low-quality sleep by disrupting the continuity of wakefulness. Furthermore, sleep-promoting effects of propofol are correlated with activation of the VLPO cluster and inhibition of the TMN, PeF, LH, vPAG and SuM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Yue
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Affiliated Sixth People' s Hospital, NO. 222, Huanhuxisan Road, Shanghai, 201306, PR China
| | - Ai-Zhong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Affiliated Sixth People' s Hospital, NO. 222, Huanhuxisan Road, Shanghai, 201306, PR China
| | - Yi-Ping Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China.
| | - Kun Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Affiliated Sixth People' s Hospital, NO. 222, Huanhuxisan Road, Shanghai, 201306, PR China.
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33
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Zhao S, Li R, Li H, Wang S, Zhang X, Wang D, Guo J, Li H, Li A, Tong T, Zhong H, Yang Q, Dong H. Lateral Hypothalamic Area Glutamatergic Neurons and Their Projections to the Lateral Habenula Modulate the Anesthetic Potency of Isoflurane in Mice. Neurosci Bull 2021; 37:934-946. [PMID: 33847915 PMCID: PMC8275739 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-021-00674-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) plays a pivotal role in regulating consciousness transition, in which orexinergic neurons, GABAergic neurons, and melanin-concentrating hormone neurons are involved. Glutamatergic neurons have a large population in the LHA, but their anesthesia-related effect has not been explored. Here, we found that genetic ablation of LHA glutamatergic neurons shortened the induction time and prolonged the recovery time of isoflurane anesthesia in mice. In contrast, chemogenetic activation of LHA glutamatergic neurons increased the time to anesthesia and decreased the time to recovery. Optogenetic activation of LHA glutamatergic neurons during the maintenance of anesthesia reduced the burst suppression pattern of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and shifted EEG features to an arousal pattern. Photostimulation of LHA glutamatergic projections to the lateral habenula (LHb) also facilitated the emergence from anesthesia and the transition of anesthesia depth to a lighter level. Collectively, LHA glutamatergic neurons and their projections to the LHb regulate anesthetic potency and EEG features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huiming Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Sa Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Juan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Tingting Tong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Haixing Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qianzi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Hailong Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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34
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An S, Sun H, Wu M, Xie D, Hu SW, Ding HL, Cao JL. Medial septum glutamatergic neurons control wakefulness through a septo-hypothalamic circuit. Curr Biol 2021; 31:1379-1392.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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Tsuneoka Y, Funato H. Cellular Composition of the Preoptic Area Regulating Sleep, Parental, and Sexual Behavior. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:649159. [PMID: 33867927 PMCID: PMC8044373 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.649159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The preoptic area (POA) has long been recognized as a sleep center, first proposed by von Economo. The POA, especially the medial POA (MPOA), is also involved in the regulation of various innate functions such as sexual and parental behaviors. Consistent with its many roles, the MPOA is composed of subregions that are identified by different gene and protein expressions. This review addresses the current understanding of the molecular and cellular architecture of POA neurons in relation to sleep and reproductive behavior. Optogenetic and pharmacogenetic studies have revealed a diverse group of neurons within the POA that exhibit different neural activity patterns depending on vigilance states and whose activity can enhance or suppress wake, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. These sleep-regulating neurons are not restricted to the ventrolateral POA (VLPO) region but are widespread in the lateral MPOA and LPOA as well. Neurons expressing galanin also express gonadal steroid receptors and regulate motivational aspects of reproductive behaviors. Moxd1, a novel marker of sexually dimorphic nuclei (SDN), visualizes the SDN of the POA (SDN-POA). The role of the POA in sleep and other innate behaviors has been addressed separately; more integrated observation will be necessary to obtain physiologically relevant insight that penetrates the different dimensions of animal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Tsuneoka
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Funato
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.,International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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36
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Abbott SBG, Souza GMPR. Chemoreceptor mechanisms regulating CO 2 -induced arousal from sleep. J Physiol 2021; 599:2559-2571. [PMID: 33759184 DOI: 10.1113/jp281305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Arousal from sleep in response to CO2 is a life-preserving reflex that enhances ventilatory drive and facilitates behavioural adaptations to restore eupnoeic breathing. Recurrent activation of the CO2 -arousal reflex is associated with sleep disruption in obstructive sleep apnoea. In this review we examine the role of chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies, the retrotrapezoid nucleus and serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe in the CO2 -arousal reflex. We also provide an overview of the supra-medullary structures that mediate CO2 -induced arousal. We propose a framework for the CO2 -arousal reflex in which the activity of the chemoreceptors converges in the parabrachial nucleus to trigger cortical arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B G Abbott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 29903, USA
| | - George M P R Souza
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 29903, USA
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37
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Eikermann M, Akeju O, Chamberlin NL. Sleep and Anesthesia: The Shared Circuit Hypothesis Has Been Put to Bed. Curr Biol 2020; 30:R219-R221. [PMID: 32155424 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute activation of genetically defined sleep-promoting neurons in the preoptic hypothalamus does not facilitate anesthesia. This finding supports the notion that a mechanistic overlap between sleep and anesthesia does not explain the anesthetized brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Eikermann
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Universitaet Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Oluwaseun Akeju
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nancy L Chamberlin
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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38
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Suprachiasmatic VIP neurons are required for normal circadian rhythmicity and comprised of molecularly distinct subpopulations. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4410. [PMID: 32879310 PMCID: PMC7468160 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic (SCN) clock contains several neurochemically defined cell groups that contribute to the genesis of circadian rhythms. Using cell-specific and genetically targeted approaches we have confirmed an indispensable role for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-expressing SCN (SCNVIP) neurons, including their molecular clock, in generating the mammalian locomotor activity (LMA) circadian rhythm. Optogenetic-assisted circuit mapping revealed functional, di-synaptic connectivity between SCNVIP neurons and dorsomedial hypothalamic neurons, providing a circuit substrate by which SCNVIP neurons may regulate LMA rhythms. In vivo photometry revealed that while SCNVIP neurons are acutely responsive to light, their activity is otherwise behavioral state invariant. Single-nuclei RNA-sequencing revealed that SCNVIP neurons comprise two transcriptionally distinct subtypes, including putative pacemaker and non-pacemaker populations. Altogether, our work establishes necessity of SCNVIP neurons for the LMA circadian rhythm, elucidates organization of circadian outflow from and modulatory input to SCNVIP cells, and demonstrates a subpopulation-level molecular heterogeneity that suggests distinct functions for specific SCNVIP subtypes. Cell groups in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic clock contribute to the genesis of circadian rhythms. The authors identified two populations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-expressing neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus which regulate locomotor circadian rhythm in mice.
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Oesch LT, Gazea M, Gent TC, Bandarabadi M, Gutierrez Herrera C, Adamantidis AR. REM sleep stabilizes hypothalamic representation of feeding behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:19590-19598. [PMID: 32732431 PMCID: PMC7430996 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921909117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, behavioral unresponsiveness contrasts strongly with intense brain-wide neural network dynamics. Yet, the physiological functions of this cellular activation remain unclear. Using in vivo calcium imaging in freely behaving mice, we found that inhibitory neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LHvgat) show unique activity patterns during feeding that are reactivated during REM, but not non-REM, sleep. REM sleep-specific optogenetic silencing of LHvgat cells induced a reorganization of these activity patterns during subsequent feeding behaviors accompanied by decreased food intake. Our findings provide evidence for a role for REM sleep in the maintenance of cellular representations of feeding behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas T Oesch
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mary Gazea
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas C Gent
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mojtaba Bandarabadi
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Gutierrez Herrera
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antoine R Adamantidis
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
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40
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Abstract
Waking up requires excitation of the brain's wake centers. A new study shows that synaptic inhibition of sleep centers also induces wakefulness. This inhibition, driven by lateral hypothalamic GABAergic neurons, may coordinate sleep-wake behavior with stress, motivation and energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Lüthi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences (DNF), University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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41
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42
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Rogers AA, Aiani LM, Blanpain LT, Yuxian S, Moore R, Willie JT. Deep brain stimulation of hypothalamus for narcolepsy-cataplexy in mice. Brain Stimul 2020; 13:1305-1316. [PMID: 32320748 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1, narcolepsy with cataplexy) is a disabling neurological disorder caused by loss of excitatory orexin neurons from the hypothalamus and is characterized by decreased motivation, sleep-wake fragmentation, intrusion of rapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS) during wake, and abrupt loss of muscle tone, called cataplexy, in response to sudden emotions. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether subcortical stimulation, analogous to clinical deep brain stimulation (DBS), would ameliorate NT1 using a validated transgenic mouse model with postnatal orexin neuron degeneration. METHODS Using implanted electrodes in freely behaving mice, the immediate and prolonged effects of DBS were determined upon behavior using continuous video-electroencephalogram-electromyogram (video/EEG/EMG) and locomotor activity, and neural activation in brain sections, using immunohistochemical labeling of the immediate early gene product c-Fos. RESULTS Brief 10-s stimulation to the region of the lateral hypothalamus and zona incerta (LH/ZI) dose-responsively reversed established sleep and cataplexy episodes without negative sequelae. Continuous 3-h stimulation increased ambulation, improved sleep-wake consolidation, and ameliorated cataplexy. Brain c-Fos from mice sacrificed after 90 min of DBS revealed dose-responsive neural activation within wake-active nuclei of the basal forebrain, hypothalamus, thalamus, and ventral midbrain. CONCLUSION Acute and continuous LH/ZI DBS enhanced behavioral state control in a mouse model of NT1, supporting the feasibility of clinical DBS for NT1 and other sleep-wake disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren M Aiani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University, USA
| | | | - Sun Yuxian
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, USA
| | - Renee Moore
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, USA
| | - Jon T Willie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University, USA.
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