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Su Z, Shi F, Zhang J, Liang W. Effect of interferon-α-2b and interleukin-2 combined with chemotherapy in metastatic melanoma. Panminerva Med 2024; 66:131-136. [PMID: 32700883 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.20.03912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the efficacy and safety of interferon-α-2b and interleukin-2 combined with chemotherapy in treating patients with metastatic melanoma. METHODS The patients with metastatic melanoma in control group (N.=52) were treated with conventional DDAVC chemotherapy regimen, while those in combination group (N.=52) received biotherapy with interferon-α-2b and interleukin-2 in addition to the chemotherapy in control group. At the end of the treatments, the serum immune function indicators, short-term efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups of patients, and patient's survival was followed up and recorded. RESULTS At 1 week after treatment, it was found that the overall response rate in combination group was substantially higher than that in control group (P=0.027). Besides, according to the serologic test results at 1 week after the chemotherapy, T lymphocyte subset activity was enhanced in patients in combination group compared with that before chemotherapy, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05), but it was notably weakened in control group in comparison with that before chemotherapy (P<0.05). Finally, it was discovered through the log-rank test that the overall survival (OS) rate in combination group was remarkably superior to that in control group (P=0.029), but there was no statistically significant difference in the progression-free survival (PFS) rate between the two groups (P=0.076). CONCLUSIONS Compared with chemotherapy alone, interferon-α-2b and interleukin-2 combined with chemotherapy can raise the clinical short-term efficacy and long-term OS rate in the patients with metastatic melanoma and alleviate their toxic side reactions, with higher safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Su
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Shi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqiang Liang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China -
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Mezőlaki NE, Baltás E, Ócsai HL, Varga A, Korom I, Varga E, Németh IB, Kis EG, Varga J, Kocsis Á, Gyulai R, Bukva M, Kemény L, Oláh J. Tumour regression predicts better response to interferon therapy in melanoma patients: a retrospective single centre study. Melanoma Res 2024; 34:54-62. [PMID: 37962233 PMCID: PMC10732301 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesise that regression may have an impact on the effectiveness of adjuvant IFN therapy, based on its role in the host immune response. Our purpose is to investigate regression and ulceration as prognostic factors in case of interferon-alpha (IFN)-treated melanoma patients. We followed 357 IFN-treated melanoma patients retrospectively, investigating progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) depending on the presence of ulceration and regression. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed, and we used a Cox regression analysis to relate risk factors. The survival function of the Cox regression was used to measure the effect of regression and ulceration on PFS and OS depending on the Breslow thickness (T1-T4) of the primary tumour. Regression was significantly positively related to PFS ( P = 0.0018, HR = 0.352) and OS ( P = 0.0112, HR = 0.380), while ulceration showed a negative effect (PFS: P = 0.0001, HR = 2.629; OS: P = 0.0003, HR = 2.388). They influence survival independently. The most favourable outcome was measured in the regressed/non-ulcerated group, whereas the worse was in the non-regressed/ulcerated one. Of risk factors, Breslow thickness is the most significant predictor. The efficacy of regression is regardless of Breslow thickness, though the more favourable the impact of regression was in the thicker primary lesions. Our results indicate that regression is associated with a more favourable outcome for IFN-treated melanoma patients, whereas ulceration shows an inverse relation. Further studies are needed to analyse the survival benefit of regression in relation to innovative immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi E Mezőlaki
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, University of Szeged, Hungary
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3
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Caraban BM, Aschie M, Deacu M, Cozaru GC, Pundiche MB, Orasanu CI, Voda RI. A Narrative Review of Current Knowledge on Cutaneous Melanoma. Clin Pract 2024; 14:214-241. [PMID: 38391404 PMCID: PMC10888040 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is a public health problem. Efforts to reduce its incidence have failed, as it continues to increase. In recent years, many risk factors have been identified. Numerous diagnostic systems exist that greatly assist in early clinical diagnosis. The histopathological aspect illustrates the grim nature of these cancers. Currently, pathogenic pathways and the tumor microclimate are key to the development of therapeutic methods. Revolutionary therapies like targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are starting to replace traditional therapeutic methods. Targeted therapy aims at a specific molecule in the pathogenic chain to block it, stopping cell growth and dissemination. The main function of immune checkpoint inhibitors is to boost cellular immunity in order to combat cancer cells. Unfortunately, these therapies have different rates of effectiveness and side effects, and cannot be applied to all patients. These shortcomings are the basis of increased incidence and mortality rates. This study covers all stages of the evolutionary sequence of melanoma. With all these data in front of us, we see the need for new research efforts directed at therapies that will bring greater benefits in terms of patient survival and prognosis, with fewer adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Marian Caraban
- Clinical Department of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery-Reconstructive, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Aschie
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Romania, 030171 Bucharest, Romania
- The Romanian Academy of Scientists, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Deacu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Georgeta Camelia Cozaru
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Genetics, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mihaela Butcaru Pundiche
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Department of General Surgery, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Cristian Ionut Orasanu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Raluca Ioana Voda
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
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Su J, Fu Y, Cui Z, Abidin Z, Yuan J, Zhang X, Li R, Zhao C. Relatlimab: a novel drug targeting immune checkpoint LAG-3 in melanoma therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1349081. [PMID: 38269271 PMCID: PMC10806167 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1349081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Relatlimab is a type of human immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal blocking antibody. It is the world's first Lymphocyte-Activation Gene-3 (LAG-3) inhibitor and the third immune checkpoint inhibitor with clinical application, following PD-1 and CTLA-4. Relatlimab can bind to the LAG-3 receptor which blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and its ligand to reduce LAG-3 pathway-mediated immunosuppression and promote T-cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell death. On 18 March 2022, the U.S. FDA approved the fixed-dose combination of relatlimab developed by Bristol Myers Squibb with nivolumab, under the brand name Opdualag for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma in adult and pediatric patients aged 12 and older. This study comprehensively describes the mechanism of action and clinical trials of relatlimab and a brief overview of immune checkpoint drugs currently used for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yiting Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zitong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zain Abidin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Jingsong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xinmiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Runmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chunzhen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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5
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Ye J, Tang H, Xie C, Han W, Shen G, Qian Y, Xu J. Identification of sterile a-motif domain-containing 9-like as a potential biomarker in patients with cutaneous melanoma. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15634. [PMID: 37426410 PMCID: PMC10329423 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, accounting for approximately 75% of skin cancer-related fatalities annually. Sterile a-motif domain-containing 9-like (SAMD9L) has been found to regulate cell proliferation and suppress the neoplastic phenotype, but its specific role in SKCM remains unknown. To investigate the cancer-associated immunology of SKCM and the role of SAMD9L in tumor progression, we conducted an integrative bioinformatics analysis that revealed elevated expression levels of SAMD9L in SKCM. ROC curves and survival analyses confirmed the considerable diagnostic and prognostic abilities of SAMD9L. Moreover, a real-world cohort of 35 SKCM patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University showed that higher expression levels of SAMD9L were associated with better prognosis. We performed validation experiments, including cell culture, generation of lentiviral-transfected SKCM cell lines, cell proliferation assay, and transwell assay, which demonstrated that down-regulation of SAMD9L significantly promoted proliferation and migration capacities of SKCM cells. Additionally, SAMD9L expression was found to be strongly linked to immune infiltration. Our results revealed a positive correlation between SAMD9L and XAF1 expression, suggesting that SAMD9L may serve as a prospective prognostic indicator of SKCM with co-expressed XAF1 gene. In summary, our findings indicate that SAMD9L may serve as a promising prognostic and therapeutic biomarker and play a critical role in tumor-immune interactions in SKCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsen Ye
- The Department of Scientific Education, The First People’s Hospital of Jiande, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haidan Tang
- Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuanrui Xie
- The Department of Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Rongcheng, Rongcheng, China
| | - Wei Han
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZ, Munich, Germany
| | - Guoliang Shen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Qian
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZ, Munich, Germany
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6
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Kaszuba A, Sławińska M, Żółkiewicz J, Sobjanek M, Nowicki RJ, Lange M. Mastocytosis and Skin Cancer: The Current State of Knowledge. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9840. [PMID: 37372988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases associated with excessive proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in different organs. Recent studies have demonstrated that patients suffering from mastocytosis face an increased risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The cause of this has not yet been clearly identified. In the literature, the potential influence of several factors has been suggested, including genetic background, the role of cytokines produced by mast cells, iatrogenic and hormonal factors. The article summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of skin neoplasia in mastocytosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kaszuba
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Martyna Sławińska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jakub Żółkiewicz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Sobjanek
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Roman J Nowicki
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lange
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
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7
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You AB, Yang H, Lai CP, Lei W, Yang L, Lin JL, Liu SC, Ding N, Ye F. CMTR1 promotes colorectal cancer cell growth and immune evasion by transcriptionally regulating STAT3. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:245. [PMID: 37024465 PMCID: PMC10079662 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05767-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
CMTR1, also called IFN-stimulated gene 95 kDa protein (ISG95), is elevated by viral infection in a variety of cells. However, the functions of CMTR1 in colorectal cancer (CRC), especially its roles in tumorigenesis and immune regulation, remain unclear. Here, we first identified CMTR1 as a novel oncogene in colorectal cancer. Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database exploration and human tissue microarray (TMA) analysis, we found that CMTR1 expression was markedly higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. High CMTR1 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in CRC patients. Knockdown (KD) of CMTR1 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo, whereas overexpression of CMTR1 resulted in the opposite effects. KEGG pathway analysis revealed differential enrichment in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells with CMTR1 KD. Mechanistically, suppression of CMTR1 expression inhibited RNAPII recruitment to the transcription start site (TSS) of STAT3 and suppressed STAT3 expression and activation. Furthermore, the efficacy of PD1 blockade immunotherapy was prominently enhanced in the presence of CMTR1 KD via increased infiltration of CD8 + T cells into the tumor microenvironment. Overall, it appears that CMTR1 plays a key role in regulating tumor cell proliferation and antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Bin You
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Chun-Ping Lai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Wen Lei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Jia-Lin Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Shun-Cui Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
| | - Nan Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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8
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Garg SK, Sun J, Kim Y, Whiting J, Sarnaik A, Conejo-Garcia JR, Phelps M, Weber JS, Mulé JJ, Markowitz J. Dichotomous Nitric Oxide–Dependent Post-Translational Modifications of STAT1 Are Associated with Ipilimumab Benefits in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061755. [PMID: 36980641 PMCID: PMC10046641 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) is FDA-approved for stage III/IV melanoma adjuvant treatment, it is not used clinically in first-line therapy, given the superior relapse-free survival (RFS)/toxicity benefits of anti-PD-1 therapy. However, it is important to understand anti-CTLA-4’s mechanistic contribution to combination anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 therapy and investigate anti-CTLA-4 therapy for BRAF-wild type melanoma cases reresected after previous adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy. Our group published that nitric oxide (NO) increased within the immune effector cells among patients with longer RFS after adjuvant ipilimumab, whereas NO increased within the immune suppressor cells among patients with shorter RFS. Herein, we measured the post-translational modifications of STAT1 (nitration-nSTAT1 and phosphorylation-pSTAT1) that are important for regulating its activity via flow cytometry and mass spectrometry approaches. PBMCs were analyzed from 35 patients undergoing adjuvant ipilimumab treatment. Shorter RFS was associated with higher pSTAT1 levels before (p = 0.007) and after (p = 0.036) ipilimumab. Ipilimumab-treated patients with high nSTAT1 levels before and after therapy in PBMCs experienced decreased RFS, but the change in nSTAT1 levels before and after ipilimumab therapy was associated with longer RFS (p = 0.01). The measurement of post-translational modifications in STAT1 may distinguish patients with prolonged RFS from ipilimumab and provide mechanistic insight into responses to ipilimumab combination regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh K. Garg
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - James Sun
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Junmin Whiting
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Amod Sarnaik
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - José R. Conejo-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mitch Phelps
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Weber
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - James J. Mulé
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Joseph Markowitz
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-745-8581
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Nadukkandy AS, Ganjoo E, Singh A, Dinesh Kumar L. Tracing New Landscapes in the Arena of Nanoparticle-Based Cancer Immunotherapy. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.911063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, unique and comprehensive cancer treatment has ushered new hope in the holistic management of the disease. Cancer immunotherapy, which harnesses the immune system of the patient to attack the cancer cells in a targeted manner, scores over others by being less debilitating compared to the existing treatment strategies. Significant advancements in the knowledge of immune surveillance in the last few decades have led to the development of several types of immune therapy like monoclonal antibodies, cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, T-cell transfer therapy or adoptive cell therapy (ACT) and immune system modulators. Intensive research has established cancer immunotherapy to be a safe and effective method for improving survival and the quality of a patient’s life. However, numerous issues with respect to site-specific delivery, resistance to immunotherapy, and escape of cancer cells from immune responses, need to be addressed for expanding and utilizing this therapy as a regular mode in the clinical treatment. Development in the field of nanotechnology has augmented the therapeutic efficiency of treatment modalities of immunotherapy. Nanocarriers could be used as vehicles because of their advantages such as increased surface areas, targeted delivery, controlled surface and release chemistry, enhanced permeation and retention effect, etc. They could enhance the function of immune cells by incorporating immunomodulatory agents that influence the tumor microenvironment, thus enabling antitumor immunity. Robust validation of the combined effect of nanotechnology and immunotherapy techniques in the clinics has paved the way for a better treatment option for cancer than the already existing procedures such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, we discuss the current applications of nanoparticles in the development of ‘smart’ cancer immunotherapeutic agents like ACT, cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, their site-specific delivery, and modulation of other endogenous immune cells. We also highlight the immense possibilities of using nanotechnology to accomplish leveraging the coordinated and adaptive immune system of a patient to tackle the complexity of treating unique disease conditions and provide future prospects in the field of cancer immunotherapy.
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10
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Shi W, Yao X, Fu Y, Wang Y. Interferon‑α and its effects on cancer cell apoptosis (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 24:235. [PMID: 35720476 PMCID: PMC9185151 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-α is a cytokine that exhibits a wide range of biological activities and is used in various cancer treatments. It regulates numerous genes that serve roles in antiviral, antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities. For decades, one of the main aspects of clinical oncology has been the development of anticancer therapeutics that promote the effective elimination of cancer cells via apoptosis. However, the updated available information concerning IFN-α-induced cancer cell apoptosis needs to be assembled, so as to provide an improved theoretical reference for the basic scientific research and clinical treatment of malignant tumors. Therefore, the present review focuses on the potential effects of IFN-α in inducing cancer cell apoptosis. The biological characteristics of IFN-α, the apoptotic signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of apoptosis caused by IFN-α are discussed in different types of cancer cells. The present review provided a comprehensive understanding of the effects of IFN-α on cancer cell apoptosis, which will aid in developing more efficient strategies to effectively control the progression of certain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Shi
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
| | - Xu Yao
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
| | - Yingze Wang
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
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11
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Revisiting the melanomagenic pathways and current therapeutic approaches. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9651-9671. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Ladányi A, Rásó E, Barbai T, Vízkeleti L, Puskás LG, Kovács SA, Győrffy B, Tímár J. Identification of a Tumor Cell Associated Type I IFN Resistance Gene Expression Signature of Human Melanoma, the Components of Which Have a Predictive Potential for Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2704. [PMID: 35269844 PMCID: PMC8911010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a human melanoma model using the HT168-M1 cell line to induce IFN-α2 resistance in vitro (HT168-M1res), which was proven to be maintained in vivo in SCID mice. Comparing the mRNA profile of in vitro cultured HT168-M1res cells to its sensitive counterpart, we found 79 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We found that only a 13-gene core of the DEGs was stable in vitro and only a 4-gene core was stable in vivo. Using an in silico cohort of IFN-treated melanoma tissues, we validated a differentially expressed 9-gene core of the DEGs. Furthermore, using an in silico cohort of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-treated melanoma tissues, we tested the predictive power of the DEGs for the response rate. Analysis of the top four upregulated and top four downregulated genes of the DEGs identified WFDC1, EFNA3, DDX10, and PTBP1 as predictive genes, and analysis of the "stable" genes of DEGs for predictive potential of ICI response revealed another 13 genes, out of which CDCA4, SOX4, DEK, and HSPA1B were identified as IFN-regulated genes. Interestingly, the IFN treatment associated genes and the ICI-therapy predictive genes overlapped by three genes: WFDC1, BCAN, and MT2A, suggesting a connection between the two biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ladányi
- Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Erzsébet Rásó
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1091 Budapest, Hungary; (E.R.); (T.B.); (L.V.)
| | - Tamás Barbai
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1091 Budapest, Hungary; (E.R.); (T.B.); (L.V.)
| | - Laura Vízkeleti
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1091 Budapest, Hungary; (E.R.); (T.B.); (L.V.)
| | | | - Szonja A. Kovács
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (S.A.K.); (B.G.)
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (S.A.K.); (B.G.)
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Oncology Biomarkers Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Tímár
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1091 Budapest, Hungary; (E.R.); (T.B.); (L.V.)
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13
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Trad G, Sheikhan N, Nguyen A, Hader I. Nonsurgical Approach to Isolated Pancreatic Metastatic Malignant Melanoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2022; 10:23247096221111763. [PMID: 35848077 PMCID: PMC9290102 DOI: 10.1177/23247096221111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated pancreatic metastases from melanoma are rare with high mortality rate and account for less than 1% of metastatic melanomas. Treatment options are limited with highest overall survival reported in those with complete surgical resection. Of cases reported in the literature with nonsurgical management, highest length of survival was reported to be 10 months. We report a case of malignant melanoma with isolated pancreatic metastasis treated with interferon therapy and immunotherapy, with evidence of progressive tumor shrinkage and survival at 38 months.
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14
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Newcomer K, Robbins KJ, Perone J, Hinojosa FL, Chen D, Jones S, Kaufman CK, Weiser R, Fields RC, Tyler DS. Malignant melanoma: evolving practice management in an era of increasingly effective systemic therapies. Curr Probl Surg 2022; 59:101030. [PMID: 35033317 PMCID: PMC9798450 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpsurg.2021.101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Newcomer
- Department of Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Jennifer Perone
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | | | - David Chen
- e. Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Susan Jones
- f. Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Roi Weiser
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Ryan C Fields
- Department of Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Douglas S Tyler
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
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15
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Dallavalle S, Musso L, Cincinelli R, Darwiche N, Gervasoni S, Vistoli G, Guglielmi MB, La Porta I, Pizzulo M, Modica E, Prosperi F, Signorino G, Colelli F, Cardile F, Fucci A, D'Andrea EL, Riccio A, Pisano C. Antitumor activity of novel POLA1-HDAC11 dual inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 228:113971. [PMID: 34772529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid molecules targeting simultaneously DNA polymerase α (POLA1) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) were designed and synthesized to exploit a potential synergy of action. Among a library of screened molecules, MIR002 and GEM144 showed antiproliferative activity at nanomolar concentrations on a panel of human solid and haematological cancer cell lines. In vitro functional assays confirmed that these molecules inhibited POLA1 primer extension activity, as well as HDAC11. Molecular docking studies also supported these findings. Mechanistically, MIR002 and GEM144 induced acetylation of p53, activation of p21, G1/S cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Oral administration of these inhibitors confirmed their antitumor activity in in vivo models. In human non-small cancer cell (H460) xenografted in nude mice MIR002 at 50 mg/kg, Bid (qd × 5 × 3w) inhibited tumor growth (TGI = 61%). More interestingly, in POLA1 inhibitor resistant cells (H460-R9A), the in vivo combination of MIR002 with cisplatin showed an additive antitumor effect with complete disappearance of tumor masses in two animals at the end of the treatment. Moreover, in two human orthotopic malignant pleural mesothelioma xenografts (MM473 and MM487), oral treatments with MIR002 and GEM144 confirmed their significant antitumor activity (TGI = 72-77%). Consistently with recent results that have shown an inverse correlation between POLA1 expression and type I interferon levels, MIR002 significantly upregulated interferon-α in immunocompetent mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Loana Musso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Cincinelli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Nadine Darwiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Silvia Gervasoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Mario B Guglielmi
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Ilaria La Porta
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Maddalena Pizzulo
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Elisa Modica
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Federica Prosperi
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Giacomo Signorino
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Fabiana Colelli
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Francesco Cardile
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Alessandra Fucci
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Egildo Luca D'Andrea
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Assunta Riccio
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy
| | - Claudio Pisano
- Biogem, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino(AV), Italy.
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16
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Takahara Y, Kan T, Teshima Y, Matsubara D, Takahagi S, Tanaka A, Hide M. Malignant melanoma with in-transit metastases refractory to programmed cell death-1 inhibitor successfully treated with local interferon-β injections: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:212. [PMID: 34462667 PMCID: PMC8375038 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In-transit metastases (ITMs) in patients with malignant melanoma (MM) are associated with poor prognosis and a worse disease burden compared with MM without ITMs. A substantial population of patients with ITMs show no or only poor responses to newly developed therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors or molecular-targeted agents. It is difficult to control the exudate and bleeding from ITMs when these medications are ineffective. In Japan, local injection of interferon-β (IFN-β) has been licensed for years as adjuvant therapy for MM. However, the evidence for IFN-β effectiveness for ITMs remains low. The present report describes a case of MM with multiple ITMs that did not respond to a programmed cell death-1 inhibitor and local injections of IFN-β at 3 million IU/day for 5 days/4 weeks but remitted upon increasing the amount of IFN-β injections to 10 consecutive days/4 weeks. Local IFN-β therapy could be an option for improving the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Takahara
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takanobu Kan
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yoshie Teshima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Daiki Matsubara
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Takahagi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Akio Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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17
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Jacob JB, Jacob MK, Parajuli P. Review of immune checkpoint inhibitors in immuno-oncology. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2021; 91:111-139. [PMID: 34099106 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells predominantly express self-antigens and overcoming self-tolerance is the primary challenge to effective immunotherapy. Tumors also express ligands for co-inhibitory molecules on immune cells, in order to suppress anti-tumor immunity. Over a decade ago, the first antibodies generated to block the co-inhibitory molecule CTLA-4 was tested in patients with metastatic melanoma. Results from this landmark trial have informed not only the current landscape of checkpoint blockade but also the way in which immunotherapy trial outcomes are determined. Antibodies targeting PD-1 and its ligand, PD-L1, soon followed and use of these checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have expanded exponentially. ICI treatment has shown long-lasting clinical benefit in several tumor types and patients refractory to other treatments can often respond to ICI therapy. On the other hand, in some tumor types, the response to ICI is short-lived and tumors eventually recur. Current clinical trials are focused on enhancing anti-tumor effects through combinations of multiple ICIs with agents which cause tumor death, particularly in solid tumors, in order to enhance antigen presentation. It is also important to define which patients will respond to therapy with ICIs as over half of all patients suffer from immune-related adverse events (irAE), some of which are severe and long-lasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B Jacob
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
| | - Mark K Jacob
- Michigan State University School of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Prahlad Parajuli
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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18
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Thomas D, Bello DM. Adjuvant immunotherapy for melanoma. J Surg Oncol 2021; 123:789-797. [PMID: 33595889 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Surgical resection is the treatment for early cutaneous melanoma and is often curative. Some patients, however, will subsequently relapse. High-risk features in the primary tumor and regional lymph node metastasis highlight patient subsets that are at increased risk for recurrent disease. Immunotherapy in the form of checkpoint inhibitors ipilimumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab have been shown to improve recurrence-free survival for node-positive melanoma in the adjuvant setting and will be the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Thomas
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Danielle M Bello
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
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19
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Funck-Brentano E, Malissen N, Roger A, Lebbé C, Deilhes F, Frénard C, Dréno B, Meyer N, Grob JJ, Tétu P, Saiag P. Which adjuvant treatment for patients with BRAF V600-mutant cutaneous melanoma? Ann Dermatol Venereol 2021; 148:145-155. [PMID: 33579557 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of patients with melanoma has considerably improved over the past decade and more recently with adjuvant therapies for patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage III (loco-regional metastases) or IV (distant metastases) totally resected melanoma, in order to prevent recurrence. In the adjuvant setting, two options are available to patients with BRAFV600-mutant AJCC stage III totally resected melanoma: anti-PD-1 blockers (nivolumab or pembrolizumab) or BRAF plus MEK inhibitors (dabrafenib plus trametinib). In the absence of comparative studies, it is difficult to determine which of these options is best. Our aim was to review published studies focusing on the management of patients with BRAFV600-mutant melanoma in the adjuvant setting. We also reviewed the main clinical trials of BRAF plus MEK inhibitors and immunotherapy in advanced (i.e. unresectable metastatic) BRAF-mutant melanoma in an attempt to identify results potentially affecting the management of patients on adjuvants. More adverse events are observed with targeted therapy, but all resolve rapidly upon drug discontinuation, whereas with immune checkpoint blockers some adverse events may persist. New therapeutic strategies are emerging, notably neoadjuvant therapies for stage III patients and adjuvant therapies for stage II patients; the place of the adjuvant strategy amidst all these options will soon be re-evaluated. The choice of adjuvant treatment could influence the choice of subsequent treatments in neo-adjuvant or metastatic settings. This review will lead clinicians to a better understanding of the different adjuvant treatments available for patients with totally resected AJCC stage III and IV BRAFV600-mutant melanoma before considering subsequent treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Funck-Brentano
- Department of General and Oncologic Dermatology, Ambroise-Paré hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Research unit EA4340 "Biomarkers and clinical trials in oncology and onco-hematology", Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, France.
| | - N Malissen
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Cancer, Aix-Marseille University, AP-HM, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, France
| | - A Roger
- Department of General and Oncologic Dermatology, Ambroise-Paré hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Research unit EA4340 "Biomarkers and clinical trials in oncology and onco-hematology", Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, France
| | - C Lebbé
- Inserm U976, Department of Dermatology, Dermatology, Paris University, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - F Deilhes
- Dermatology Department, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - C Frénard
- Department of Dermatology, CRCINA, CIC1413, CHU de Nantes, université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - B Dréno
- Department of Dermatology, CRCINA, CIC1413, CHU de Nantes, université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - N Meyer
- Dermatology Department, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - J-J Grob
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Cancer, Aix-Marseille University, AP-HM, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, France
| | - P Tétu
- Department of Dermatology, CRCINA, CIC1413, CHU de Nantes, université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - P Saiag
- Department of General and Oncologic Dermatology, Ambroise-Paré hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Research unit EA4340 "Biomarkers and clinical trials in oncology and onco-hematology", Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, France
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20
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Fox LE, Locke MC, Lenschow DJ. Context Is Key: Delineating the Unique Functions of IFNα and IFNβ in Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:606874. [PMID: 33408718 PMCID: PMC7779635 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.606874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) are critical effector cytokines of the immune system and were originally known for their important role in protecting against viral infections; however, they have more recently been shown to play protective or detrimental roles in many disease states. Type I IFNs consist of IFNα, IFNβ, IFNϵ, IFNκ, IFNω, and a few others, and they all signal through a shared receptor to exert a wide range of biological activities, including antiviral, antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects. Though the individual type I IFN subtypes possess overlapping functions, there is growing appreciation that they also have unique properties. In this review, we summarize some of the mechanisms underlying differential expression of and signaling by type I IFNs, and we discuss examples of differential functions of IFNα and IFNβ in models of infectious disease, cancer, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey E Fox
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Marissa C Locke
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Deborah J Lenschow
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
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21
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Eddy K, Chen S. Overcoming Immune Evasion in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8984. [PMID: 33256089 PMCID: PMC7730443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer that develops from transformed melanocytes. It is crucial to identify melanoma at its early stages, in situ, as it is "curable" at this stage. However, after metastasis, it is difficult to treat and the five-year survival is only 25%. In recent years, a better understanding of the etiology of melanoma and its progression has made it possible for the development of targeted therapeutics, such as vemurafenib and immunotherapies, to treat advanced melanomas. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms that mediate melanoma development and progression, with a special focus on the immune evasion strategies utilized by melanomas, to evade host immune surveillances. The proposed mechanism of action and the roles of immunotherapeutic agents, ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and atezolizumab, adoptive T- cell therapy plus T-VEC in the treatment of advanced melanoma are discussed. In this review, we implore that a better understanding of the steps that mediate melanoma onset and progression, immune evasion strategies exploited by these tumor cells, and the identification of biomarkers to predict treatment response are critical in the design of improved strategies to improve clinical outcomes for patients with this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevinn Eddy
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Suzie Chen
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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22
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Iacono D, Vitale MG, Basile D, Pelizzari G, Cinausero M, Poletto E, Pascoletti G, Minisini AM. Immunotherapy for older patients with melanoma: From darkness to light? Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 34:550-563. [PMID: 32745351 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 40% of malignant melanomas are diagnosed in patients older than 65 years. Elderly patients with melanoma present clinicopathological features related to a more aggressive biology, and they are often diagnosed with advanced stage of disease. Interestingly, in older patients the immune system can be altered with changes both in the innate system and in the adaptive immune system with the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory and immune suppressive phenotype. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has reshaped the treatment strategies and prognosis of patients with melanoma, and particularly, older age should not be considered a contraindication for immunotherapy. However, data regarding efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in elderly population are still limited because frail older patients are generally excluded from clinical trials. Recently, real-world data have shed light on similar efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in older population compared with younger counterpart. The aim of the present review was to summarize the available knowledge on the underlying immune system in older patients with a diagnosis of melanoma and the immunotherapeutic approaches in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Iacono
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria del Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Vitale
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria del Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Debora Basile
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pelizzari
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Marika Cinausero
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria del Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
| | - Elena Poletto
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria del Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pascoletti
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria del Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
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23
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Han W, Xu J, Shen GL. Prognostic implication and functional annotations of APOBEC3G expression in patients with Melanoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:5245-5256. [PMID: 32742470 PMCID: PMC7378923 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is one of the most life-threatening malignancies damaging human health. APOBEC3G (A3G) has been found in several cancers; however, the role of A3G in SKCM is rarely studied. This study aimed to investigate the expression of A3G in tumor tissue and its prognostic value in SKCM patients. Method: A total of 512 SKCM patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (FAHSU) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were consecutively recruited in analyses. Differential transcriptional and proteome expression profiles were obtained from multiple datasets. GEPIA was used to assess the survival analysis between distinguished groups. Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to address the influence of independent factors on disease-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). In addition, 31 SKCM and 31 nevus tissues were collected for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and evaluation. STRING, DAVID and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was utilized to conduct a network of related genes and significant pathways. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship of A3G with tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) by TIMER and TISIDB. Result: We found both transcriptional and proteomics expressions of A3G were elevated in SKCM. Survival analysis and ROC curves showed significant diagnostic and prognostic ability of A3G. IHC results showed increased expression of A3G in SKCM compared to nevus tissues. Importantly, A3G expression was closely associated with the immune-infiltrating levels of B cells, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells. Conclusion: In summary, our study first reveals that elevated A3G expression is significantly correlated with better prognosis in SKCM patients. The role of A3G in SKCM demonstrated that it might be a prognostic and immunotherapeutic biomarker for SKCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China, 215000.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China, 215000
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China, 215000.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China, 215000
| | - Guo-Liang Shen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China, 215000.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China, 215000
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24
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Human Type I Interferon Antiviral Effects in Respiratory and Reemerging Viral Infections. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:1372494. [PMID: 32455136 PMCID: PMC7231083 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1372494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-I) are a group of related proteins that help regulate the activity of the immune system and play a key role in host defense against viral infections. Upon infection, the IFN-I are rapidly secreted and induce a wide range of effects that not only act upon innate immune cells but also modulate the adaptive immune system. While IFN-I and many IFN stimulated genes are well-known for their protective antiviral role, recent studies have associated them with potential pathogenic functions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the complex effects of human IFN-I responses in respiratory as well as reemerging flavivirus infections of public health significance and the molecular mechanisms by which viral proteins antagonize the establishment of an antiviral host defense. Antiviral effects and immune modulation of IFN-stimulated genes is discussed in resisting and controlling pathogens. Understanding the mechanisms of these processes will be crucial in determining how viral replication can be effectively controlled and in developing safe and effective vaccines and novel therapeutic strategies.
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25
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Sheng L, Chen X, Wang Q, Lyu S, Li P. Interferon-α2b enhances survival and modulates transcriptional profiles and the immune response in melanoma patients treated with dendritic cell vaccines. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109966. [PMID: 32014686 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most lethal cutaneous cancer and is associated with 80 % of skin cancer deaths. Recent progress into elucidating the role of the immune system in melanoma development and progression has led to promising treatments for patients with MM, including dendritic cell (DC) vaccination. Interferon-α2b is a commonly used adjuvant for MM that prolongs overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). In the present study, we examined the impact of a DC-based vaccine with subsequent delivery of high-dose systemic interferon-α2b (HDI) on gene expression profiles and the immune response in MM patients. The results indicated that patients who were randomized to receive an HDI boost following DC vaccination had significantly higher OS and PFS rates compared with patients that received DC vaccination alone. Further analysis revealed that intradermal DC immunization did not significantly alter transcriptional profiles, whereas subsequent HDI injections enhanced B cell, T cell and natural killer cell-related gene expression. Analysis of the abundance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells revealed that HDI altered the immune cell profiles. Moreover, we determined that follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and eosinophils were associated with prolonged PFS in MM patients treated with the DC vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxue Sheng
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatic, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatic, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Qh Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatic, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China; Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing 211166, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Sali Lyu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatic, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China; Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Pengping Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatic, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China; Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing 211166, China.
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26
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Esfahani K, Roudaia L, Buhlaiga N, Del Rincon SV, Papneja N, Miller WH. A review of cancer immunotherapy: from the past, to the present, to the future. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:S87-S97. [PMID: 32368178 DOI: 10.3747/co.27.5223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Compared with previous standards of care (including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery), cancer immunotherapy has brought significant improvements for patients in terms of survival and quality of life. Immunotherapy has now firmly established itself as a novel pillar of cancer care, from the metastatic stage to the adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings in numerous cancer types. In this review article, we highlight how the history of cancer immunotherapy paved the way for discoveries that are now part of the standard of care. We also highlight the current pitfalls and limitations of cancer checkpoint immunotherapy and how novel research in the fields of personalized cancer vaccines, autoimmunity, the microbiome, the tumour microenvironment, and metabolomics is aiming to solve those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Esfahani
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Rossy Cancer Network, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - L Roudaia
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Rossy Cancer Network, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - N Buhlaiga
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Rossy Cancer Network, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - S V Del Rincon
- Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - N Papneja
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Rossy Cancer Network, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - W H Miller
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Rossy Cancer Network, McGill University, Montreal, QC
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27
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Xu P, Ye S, Li K, Huang M, Wang Q, Zeng S, Chen X, Gao W, Chen J, Zhang Q, Zhong Z, Lin Y, Rong Z, Xu Y, Hao B, Peng A, Ouyang M, Liu Q. NOS1 inhibits the interferon response of cancer cells by S-nitrosylation of HDAC2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:483. [PMID: 31805977 PMCID: PMC6896289 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The dysfunction of type I interferon (IFN) signaling is an important mechanism of immune escape and metastasis in tumors. Increased NOS1 expression has been detected in melanoma, which correlated with dysfunctional IFN signaling and poor response to immunotherapy, but the specific mechanism has not been determined. In this study, we investigated the regulation of NOS1 on the interferon response and clarified the relevant molecular mechanisms. Methods After stable transfection of A375 cells with NOS1 expression plasmids, the transcription and expression of IFNα-stimulated genes (ISGs) were assessed using pISRE luciferase reporter gene analysis, RT-PCR, and western blotting, respectively. The effect of NOS1 on lung metastasis was assessed in melanoma mouse models. A biotin-switch assay was performed to detect the S-nitrosylation of HDAC2 by NOS1. ChIP-qPCR was conducted to measure the binding of HDAC2, H4K16ac, H4K5ac, H3ac, and RNA polymerase II in the promoters of ISGs after IFNα stimulation. This effect was further evaluated by altering the expression level of HDAC2 or by transfecting the HDAC2-C262A/C274A site mutant plasmids into cells. The coimmunoprecipitation assay was performed to detect the interaction of HDAC2 with STAT1 and STAT2. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches were used to examine the effect of HDAC2-C262A/C274A on lung metastasis. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results HDAC2 is recruited to the promoter of ISGs and deacetylates H4K16 for the optimal expression of ISGs in response to IFNα treatment. Overexpression of NOS1 in melanoma cells decreases IFNα-responsiveness and induces the S-nitrosylation of HDAC2-C262/C274. This modification decreases the binding of HDAC2 with STAT1, thereby reducing the recruitment of HDAC2 to the ISG promoter and the deacetylation of H4K16. Moreover, expression of a mutant form of HDAC2, which cannot be nitrosylated, reverses the inhibition of ISG expression by NOS1 in vitro and decreases NOS1-induced lung metastasis and inhibition of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in a melanoma mouse model. Conclusions This study provides evidence that NOS1 induces dysfunctional IFN signaling to promote lung metastasis in melanoma, highlighting NOS1-induced S-nitrosylation of HDAC2 in the regulation of IFN signaling via histone modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuangyan Ye
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Keyi Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Mengqiu Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qianli Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sisi Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenwen Gao
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qianbing Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhili Rong
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bingtao Hao
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Anghui Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Manzhao Ouyang
- Center for medical transformation, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, China
| | - Qiuzhen Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou key laboratory of tumor immunology research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Center for medical transformation, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, China.
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Kristó K, Szekeres M, Makai Z, Márki Á, Kelemen A, Bali L, Pallai Z, Dékány I, Csóka I. Preparation and investigation of core-shell nanoparticles containing human interferon-α. Int J Pharm 2019; 573:118825. [PMID: 31715360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sustained release of active interferon-α (IFN-α) has been achieved from core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by aqueous precipitation of IFN-α-enriched human serum albumin (HSA-IFN-α) and layer-by-layer (L-b-L) by coating of the IFN-α NPs with poly(sodium-4-styrene) sulphonate (PSS) and chitosan (Chit). The concentration and the pH of HSA solution were optimized during the development of this method. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta-potential, thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and termogravimetry (TG)), X-ray diffraction (XRD), IFN-α activity and morphology (transmission electron microscope (TEM)) studies were used to control the preparation and analyse the products. The dissolution kinetics of NPs was measured in vitro over 7 days in Hanson dissolution tester with Millex membrane. In vivo studies in Pannon white rabbit detected steady IFN-α plasma level for 10 days after subcutaneous injection administration of the HSA-IFN-α NPs. The IFN-α plasma concentration was detected by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. In the present paper we discuss the preparation method, the optimization steps and the results of in vitro and in vivo release studies. It was established that 76.13% HSA-IFN-α are encapsulated in the core-shell NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Kristó
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márta Szekeres
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi v.t.1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Makai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Márki
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Kelemen
- Department of Applied Informatics, University of Szeged, Boldogasszony sgt. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Bali
- Trigon Biotechnological Ltd., Bánk Bán u. 6, H-1115 Budapest Hungary
| | - Zsolt Pallai
- Trigon Biotechnological Ltd., Bánk Bán u. 6, H-1115 Budapest Hungary
| | - Imre Dékány
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi v.t.1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tét 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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Abstract
Advanced/metastatic melanoma is an aggressive cancer with a low survival rate. Traditional cytotoxic chemotherapies do not appreciably extend life and systemic cytokine/chemokine administration produces toxic side effects. By harnessing the surveillance and cytotoxic features of the immune system, immunotherapies can provide a durable response and are proved to improve disease outcomes in patients with advanced/metastatic melanoma and other cancers. Close monitoring is necessary, however, to identify and treat immune system-related adverse events before they become life-threatening. Because metastatic lesions can respond differently to immunotherapies, modified response criteria have been developed to assist physicians in tracking patient response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedayo A Onitilo
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Marshfield Clinic - Weston Center, 3501 Cranberry Boulevard, Weston, WI 54476, USA.
| | - Jaimie A Wittig
- Pharmacy Services, Marshfield Medical Center, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
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30
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Xin XL, Zhang R, Yuan XM, Liu L. Mechanisms of IFNalpha-1a-Induced Apoptosis in a Laryngeal Cancer Cell Line. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7100-7114. [PMID: 31542790 PMCID: PMC6774267 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interferon alpha (IFNalpha) exerts its anti-proliferative effect on many human cancers. Among the 13 subtypes of human IFNalpha, IFNalpha-1 subtype has 2 variants, named IFNalpha-1a and IFNalpha-1b, that differ from each other in only 1 amino acid, at residue 114. However, the mechanism by which IFNalpha-1a mediates growth inhibition is still unclear. Material/Methods Human laryngeal carcinoma HEp2 cells were treated with IFNalpha-1a by either transient transfection or exogenous delivery. Western blot and RT-PCR analysis were carried out to assess apoptotic pathways active in IFNalpha-1a-treated HEp2 cells. Microarray analysis was conducted to uncover the differential gene expressions after IFNalpha-1a treatment. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was also performed. Results IFNalpha-1a markedly inhibited the proliferation and significantly promoted the apoptosis of HEp-2 cells. Mechanistic studies indicate that IFNalpha-1a-mediated cell apoptosis is directly linked to intrinsic and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related apoptosis, but is independent of extrinsic apoptosis. The top 40 differentially expressed genes discovered by microarray analysis included 20 upregulated genes (e.g., IFI6, IFI27, IFI44L, and MIR548X) and 20 downregulated genes (e.g., PRKDC, HIST1H3B, DYNC1H1, and HIST1H2AM). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that 4 out of 6 pathways are TP53-related. Conclusions We demonstrated a detailed mechanism involved in IFNalpha-1a-mediated anti-proliferation activity in human laryngeal carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Xin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Mei Yuan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
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31
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My journey from tyrosine phosphorylation inhibitors to targeted immune therapy as strategies to combat cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:11579-11586. [PMID: 31076554 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816012116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1980s there has been a drive toward personalized targeted therapy for cancer. "Targeted cancer therapy" originally focused on inhibiting essential tumor survival factors, primarily protein tyrosine kinases. The complexity and rapid mutability of tumors, however, enable them to develop resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), even when these are multitargeted or applied in combination. This has led to the development of targeted cancer immunotherapy, to enhance immune surveillance against the tumor. In this paper, we provide a personal view of the development of targeted therapy, from TKIs to targeted immunotherapy.
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32
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Laikova KV, Oberemok VV, Krasnodubets AM, Gal'chinsky NV, Useinov RZ, Novikov IA, Temirova ZZ, Gorlov MV, Shved NA, Kumeiko VV, Makalish TP, Bessalova EY, Fomochkina II, Esin AS, Volkov ME, Kubyshkin AV. Advances in the Understanding of Skin Cancer: Ultraviolet Radiation, Mutations, and Antisense Oligonucleotides as Anticancer Drugs. Molecules 2019; 24:E1516. [PMID: 30999681 PMCID: PMC6514765 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer has always been and remains the leader among all tumors in terms of occurrence. One of the main factors responsible for skin cancer, natural and artificial UV radiation, causes the mutations that transform healthy cells into cancer cells. These mutations inactivate apoptosis, an event required to avoid the malignant transformation of healthy cells. Among these deadliest of cancers, melanoma and its 'younger sister', Merkel cell carcinoma, are the most lethal. The heavy toll of skin cancers stems from their rapid progression and the fact that they metastasize easily. Added to this is the difficulty in determining reliable margins when excising tumors and the lack of effective chemotherapy. Possibly the biggest problem posed by skin cancer is reliably detecting the extent to which cancer cells have spread throughout the body. The initial tumor is visible and can be removed, whereas metastases are invisible to the naked eye and much harder to eliminate. In our opinion, antisense oligonucleotides, which can be used in the form of targeted ointments, provide real hope as a treatment that will eliminate cancer cells near the tumor focus both before and after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna V Laikova
- Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Lenin Boulevard 5/7, 295051 Simferopol, Crimea.
- Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Kiyevskaya St. 150, 295493, Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - Volodymyr V Oberemok
- Taurida Academy, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Vernadsky Av. 4, 295007 Simferopol, Crimea.
- Nikita Botanical Gardens ⁻ National Scientific Centre RAS, Nikitsky spusk 52, vil. Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Crimea.
| | - Alisa M Krasnodubets
- Taurida Academy, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Vernadsky Av. 4, 295007 Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - Nikita V Gal'chinsky
- Taurida Academy, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Vernadsky Av. 4, 295007 Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - Refat Z Useinov
- Taurida Academy, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Vernadsky Av. 4, 295007 Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - Ilya A Novikov
- Taurida Academy, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Vernadsky Av. 4, 295007 Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - Zenure Z Temirova
- Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Lenin Boulevard 5/7, 295051 Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - Mikhail V Gorlov
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Nikita A Shved
- Centre for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova St. 8, 690090 Vladivostok, Russia.
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevsky St. 17, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Vadim V Kumeiko
- Centre for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova St. 8, 690090 Vladivostok, Russia.
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevsky St. 17, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Tatiana P Makalish
- Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Lenin Boulevard 5/7, 295051 Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - Evgeniya Y Bessalova
- Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Lenin Boulevard 5/7, 295051 Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - Iryna I Fomochkina
- Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Lenin Boulevard 5/7, 295051 Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - Andrey S Esin
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Mikhail E Volkov
- Ltd "NPF Syntol", Тimiryazevskaya St. 42, 127434 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Anatoly V Kubyshkin
- Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Lenin Boulevard 5/7, 295051 Simferopol, Crimea.
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33
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Lazear HM, Schoggins JW, Diamond MS. Shared and Distinct Functions of Type I and Type III Interferons. Immunity 2019; 50:907-923. [PMID: 30995506 PMCID: PMC6839410 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 628] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) (IFN-α, IFN-β) and type III IFNs (IFN-λ) share many properties, including induction by viral infection, activation of shared signaling pathways, and transcriptional programs. However, recent discoveries have revealed context-specific functional differences. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of type I and type III IFN activities, highlighting shared and distinct features from molecular mechanisms through physiological responses. Beyond discussing canonical antiviral functions, we consider the adaptive immune priming, anti-tumor, and autoimmune functions of IFNs. We discuss a model wherein type III IFNs serve as a front-line defense that controls infection at epithelial barriers while minimizing damaging inflammatory responses, reserving the more potent type I IFN response for when local responses are insufficient. In this context, we discuss current therapeutic applications targeting these cytokine pathways and highlight gaps in understanding of the biology of type I and type III IFNs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - John W Schoggins
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology & Immunology, and Molecular Microbiology, and The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Alcolea V, Karelia DN, Pandey MK, Plano D, Singh P, Palop JA, Amin S, Sanmartín C, Sharma AK. Identification of a Novel Quinoxaline-Isoselenourea Targeting the STAT3 Pathway as a Potential Melanoma Therapeutic. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030521. [PMID: 30691132 PMCID: PMC6386884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for patients with metastatic melanoma remains very poor. Constitutive signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation has been correlated to metastasis, poor patient survival, larger tumor size, and acquired resistance against vemurafenib (PLX-4032), suggesting its potential as a molecular target. We recently designed a series of isoseleno- and isothio-urea derivatives of several biologically active heterocyclic scaffolds. The cytotoxic effects of lead isoseleno- and isothio-urea derivatives (compounds 1 and 3) were studied in a panel of five melanoma cell lines, including B-RAFV600E-mutant and wild-type (WT) cells. Compound 1 (IC50 range 0.8–3.8 µM) showed lower IC50 values than compound 3 (IC50 range 8.1–38.7 µM) and the mutant B-RAF specific inhibitor PLX-4032 (IC50 ranging from 0.4 to >50 µM), especially at a short treatment time (24 h). These effects were long-lasting, since melanoma cells did not recover their proliferative potential after 14 days of treatment. In addition, we confirmed that compound 1 induced cell death by apoptosis using Live-and-Dead, Annexin V, and Caspase3/7 apoptosis assays. Furthermore, compound 1 reduced the protein levels of STAT3 and its phosphorylation, as well as decreased the expression of STAT3-regulated genes involved in metastasis and survival, such as survivin and c-myc. Compound 1 also upregulated the cell cycle inhibitor p21. Docking studies further revealed the favorable binding of compound 1 with the SH2 domain of STAT3, suggesting it acts through STAT3 inhibition. Taken together, our results suggest that compound 1 induces apoptosis by means of the inhibition of the STAT3 pathway, non-specifically targeting both B-RAF-mutant and WT melanoma cells, with much higher cytotoxicity than the current therapeutic drug PLX-4032.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Alcolea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Deepkamal N Karelia
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.
| | - Manoj K Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Parvesh Singh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal (UKZN), Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Juan Antonio Palop
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.
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Abstract
LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Summarize the changes to the American Joint Committee on Cancer Eighth Edition Melanoma Staging System. 2. List advances in genetic, molecular, and histopathologic melanoma diagnosis and prognostication. 3. Recommend sentinel lymph node biopsy and appropriate surgical margins based on individualized patient needs. 4. Recognize the currently available treatments for in-transit metastasis and advanced melanoma. 5. Describe current and future therapies for melanoma with distant visceral or brain metastases. SUMMARY Strides in melanoma surveillance, detection, and treatment continue to be made. The American Joint Committee on Cancer Eighth Edition Cancer Staging System has improved risk stratification of patients, introduced new staging categories, and resulted in stage migration of patients with improved outcomes. This review summarizes melanoma advances of the recent years with an emphasis on the surgical advances, including techniques and utility of sentinel node biopsy, controversies in melanoma margin selection, and the survival impact of time-to-treatment metrics. Once a disease manageable only with surgery, a therapeutic paradigm shift has given a more promising outlook to melanoma patients at any stage. Indeed, a myriad of novel, survival-improving immunotherapies have been introduced for metastatic melanoma and more recently in the high-risk adjuvant setting.
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Cytotoxicity of xyloglucan from Copaifera langsdorffii and its complex with oxovanadium (IV/V) on B16F10 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 121:1019-1028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Basile D, Lisanti C, Pizzichetta MA, Baldo P, Fornasier G, Lo Re F, Corona G, Puglisi F. Safety Profiles and Pharmacovigilance Considerations for Recently Patented Anticancer Drugs: Cutaneous Melanoma. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2019; 14:203-225. [PMID: 31362664 DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666190726130351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma is a skin cancer responsible for 90% of cutaneous cancer- related deaths. In recent years, breakthroughs in treatment strategy have revolutionized the prognosis in both early and advanced melanoma patients. In particular, treatment with monoclonal antibodies targeting co-inhibitory checkpoints or specific molecular pathways leads to a new era of promising options, by prolonging the survival time of these patients. Moreover, unlike the chemotherapy that was used until some time ago, these new drugs have a good and more manageable toxicity profile. However, because of the recent introduction in clinical practice of the new agents, there is a learning curve among physicians regarding early recognition and management of the associated side effects. OBJECTIVES The analysis of the toxicity profiles of the different agents currently studied for the treatment of early and advanced melanoma, and the description of several relevant recent patents in this field, are the aims of this review. METHODS This is a systematically conducted review based on current clinical guidelines and on international Pharmacovigilance databases (AERS-Eudravigilance - WHO Vigibase). RESULTS Our systematic analysis outlines a comprehensive overview of the pharmacology, clinical application and the safety of recent anticancer drugs to treat melanoma, which can be an essential instrument for health professionals and researchers. CONCLUSION The new oncological therapies against melanoma are based on increasingly specific biological and immunological targets. For this reason, the potential toxicities that are expected from patients would be less relevant than the systemic "classical" chemotherapy. However, the new therapies are not free from the risk of causing adverse reactions, some of which must be managed promptly and appropriately; moreover, the multiplicity of the metabolic pathways exposes the new target therapies to relevant potential interactions. This review can help to understand how important it is not to underestimate potential adverse drug reactions related to new targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Basile
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Camilla Lisanti
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Maria A Pizzichetta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
- Dermatologic Clinic, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Baldo
- Pharmacy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano 33081 (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giulia Fornasier
- Pharmacy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano 33081 (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Francesco Lo Re
- Pharmacy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano 33081 (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corona
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Fabio Puglisi
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
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Heudobler D, Rechenmacher M, Lüke F, Vogelhuber M, Klobuch S, Thomas S, Pukrop T, Hackl C, Herr W, Ghibelli L, Gerner C, Reichle A. Clinical Efficacy of a Novel Therapeutic Principle, Anakoinosis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1357. [PMID: 30546308 PMCID: PMC6279883 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic tumor therapy, consisting of cytotoxic agents and/or targeted therapy, has not overcome therapeutic limitations like poor risk genetic parameters, genetic heterogeneity at different metastatic sites or the problem of undruggable targets. Here we summarize data and trials principally following a completely different treatment concept tackling systems biologic processes: the principle of communicative reprogramming of tumor tissues, i.e., anakoinosis (ancient greek for communication), aims at establishing novel communicative behavior of tumor tissue, the hosting organ and organism via re-modeling gene expression, thus recovering differentiation, and apoptosis competence leading to cancer control - in contrast to an immediate, "poisoning" with maximal tolerable doses of targeted or cytotoxic therapies. Therefore, we introduce the term "Master modulators" for drugs or drug combinations promoting evolutionary processes or regulating homeostatic pathways. These "master modulators" comprise a broad diversity of drugs, characterized by the capacity for reprogramming tumor tissues, i.e., transcriptional modulators, metronomic low-dose chemotherapy, epigenetically modifying agents, protein binding pro-anakoinotic drugs, such as COX-2 inhibitors, IMiDs etc., or for example differentiation inducing therapies. Data on 97 anakoinosis inducing schedules indicate a favorable toxicity profile: The combined administration of master modulators, frequently (with poor or no monoactivity) may even induce continuous complete remission in refractory metastatic neoplasia, irrespectively of the tumor type. That means recessive components of the tumor, successively developing during tumor ontogenesis, are accessible by regulatory active drug combinations in a therapeutically meaningful way. Drug selection is now dependent on situative systems characteristics, to less extent histology dependent. To sum up, anakoinosis represents a new substantive therapy principle besides novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heudobler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rechenmacher
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lüke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Vogelhuber
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klobuch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simone Thomas
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pukrop
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christina Hackl
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department Biology, Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Faculty Chemistry, Institut for Analytical Chemistry, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Albrecht Reichle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Brockwell NK, Owen KL, Zanker D, Spurling A, Rautela J, Duivenvoorden HM, Baschuk N, Caramia F, Loi S, Darcy PK, Lim E, Parker BS. Neoadjuvant Interferons: Critical for Effective PD-1-Based Immunotherapy in TNBC. Cancer Immunol Res 2017; 5:871-884. [PMID: 28848054 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The lack of targeted therapies available for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients who fail to respond to first-line chemotherapy has sparked interest in immunotherapeutic approaches. However, trials utilizing checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in TNBC have had underwhelming responses. Here, we investigated the interplay between type I IFN signaling and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and tested the impact of combining IFN inducers, as immune activators, with anti-PD-1, to induce an antimetastatic immune response. Using models of TNBC, we demonstrated an interplay between type I IFN signaling and tumor cell PD-L1 expression that affected therapeutic response. The data revealed that the type I IFN-inducer poly(I:C) was an effective immune activator and antimetastatic agent, functioning better than anti-PD-1, which was ineffective as a single agent. Poly(I:C) treatment induced PD-L1 expression on TNBC cells, and combined poly(I:C) and anti-PD-1 treatment prolonged metastasis-free survival in a neoadjuvant setting via the induction of a tumor-specific T-cell response. Use of this combination in a late treatment setting did not impact metastasis-free survival, indicating that timing was critical for immunotherapeutic benefit. Together, these data demonstrated anti-PD-1 as an ineffective single agent in preclinical models of TNBC. However, type I IFN inducers were effective immune activators, and neoadjuvant trials combining them with anti-PD-1 to induce a sustained antitumor immune response are warranted. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(10); 871-84. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha K Brockwell
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katie L Owen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Damien Zanker
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Spurling
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jai Rautela
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hendrika M Duivenvoorden
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nikola Baschuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Franco Caramia
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sherene Loi
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phillip K Darcy
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elgene Lim
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia.,St. Vincent's Hospital, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia
| | - Belinda S Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Mirjačić Martinović KM, Vuletić AM, Lj. Babović N, Džodić RR, Konjević GM, Jurišić VB. Attenuated in vitro effects of IFN-α, IL-2 and IL-12 on functional and receptor characteristics of peripheral blood lymphocytes in metastatic melanoma patients. Cytokine 2017; 96:30-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Di Franco S, Turdo A, Todaro M, Stassi G. Role of Type I and II Interferons in Colorectal Cancer and Melanoma. Front Immunol 2017; 8:878. [PMID: 28798748 PMCID: PMC5526853 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer can be considered an aberrant organ with a hierarchical composition of different cell populations. The tumor microenvironment, including the immune cells and related cytokines, is crucial during all the steps of tumor development. In particular, type I and II interferons (IFNs) are involved in a plethora of mechanisms that regulate immune responses in cancer, thus balancing immune escape versus immune surveillance. IFNs are involved in both the direct and indirect regulation of cancer cell proliferation and metastatic potential. The mutational background of genes involved in IFNs signaling could serve as a prognostic biomarker and a powerful tool to screen cancer patients eligible for checkpoint blocking therapies. We herewith describe the latest findings regarding the contribution of IFNs in colorectal cancer and melanoma by researching their dual role as either tumor promoter or suppressor, in diverse tumor types, and microenvironmental context. We are reporting the most innovative and promising approaches of IFN-based therapies that have achieved considerable outcomes in clinical oncology practice and explain the possible mechanisms responsible for their failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Di Franco
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Turdo
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,DiBiMIS, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Medrano RFV, Hunger A, Mendonça SA, Barbuto JAM, Strauss BE. Immunomodulatory and antitumor effects of type I interferons and their application in cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71249-71284. [PMID: 29050360 PMCID: PMC5642635 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, the pleiotropic antitumor functions exerted by type I interferons (IFNs) have become universally acknowledged, especially their role in mediating interactions between the tumor and the immune system. Indeed, type I IFNs are now appreciated as a critical component of dendritic cell (DC) driven T cell responses to cancer. Here we focus on IFN-α and IFN-β, and their antitumor effects, impact on immune responses and their use as therapeutic agents. IFN-α/β share many properties, including activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and induction of a variety of cellular phenotypes. For example, type I IFNs drive not only the high maturation status of DCs, but also have a direct impact in cytotoxic T lymphocytes, NK cell activation, induction of tumor cell death and inhibition of angiogenesis. A variety of stimuli, including some standard cancer treatments, promote the expression of endogenous IFN-α/β, which then participates as a fundamental component of immunogenic cell death. Systemic treatment with recombinant protein has been used for the treatment of melanoma. The induction of endogenous IFN-α/β has been tested, including stimulation through pattern recognition receptors. Gene therapies involving IFN-α/β have also been described. Thus, harnessing type I IFNs as an effective tool for cancer therapy continues to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruan F V Medrano
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Hunger
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samir Andrade Mendonça
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre M Barbuto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Cell and Molecular Therapy Center, NUCEL-NETCEM, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bryan E Strauss
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
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Xu DH, Zhu Z, Xiao H, Wakefield MR, Bai Q, Nicholl MB, Ding VA, Fang Y. Unveil the mysterious mask of cytokine-based immunotherapy for melanoma. Cancer Lett 2017; 394:43-51. [PMID: 28254411 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the leading cause of death among all skin cancers and its incidence continues to rise rapidly worldwide in the past decades. The available treatment options for melanoma remain limited despite extensive clinical research. Melanoma is an immunogenic tumor and great advances in immunology in recent decades allow for the development of immunotherapeutic agents against melanoma. In recent years, immunotherapy utilizing cytokines has been particularly successful in certain cancers and holds promise for patients with advanced melanoma. In this review, an overview of the current status and emerging perspectives on cytokine immunotherapy for melanoma are discussed in details. Such a study will be helpful to unveil the mysterious mask of cytokine-based immunotherapy for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dixon H Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA
| | - Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Huaping Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA; The Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Mark R Wakefield
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | | | - Vivi A Ding
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA
| | - Yujiang Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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Benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma: A myth or a reality? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172341. [PMID: 28241027 PMCID: PMC5328261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy after nephrectomy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is controversial. The present study aimed to examine the possible benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy in various clinical settings. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 436 patients with pT1-3N0-2M0 RCC who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy with curative intent at our institution between 1981 and 2009. Of them, 98 (22.5%) patients received adjuvant interferon-α (IFN-α) after surgery (adjuvant IFN-α group), while 338 (77.5%) did not (control group). The primary endpoint was cancer-specific survival (CSS). Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively. Results Fifty-two (11.9%) patients died from RCC with a median follow-up period of 96 months. Preliminary univariate analyses comparing CSS among treatment groups in each TNM setting revealed that CSS in the control group was equal or superior to that in the adjuvant IFN-α group in earlier stages, while the opposite trend was observed in more advanced stages. We evaluated the TNM cutoffs and demonstrated maximized benefit of adjuvant IFN-α in patients with pT2b-3cN0 (P = 0.0240). In multivariate analysis, ≥pT3 and pN1-2 were independent predictors for poor CSS in all patients. In the subgroups with ≥pT2 disease (n = 123), pN1-2 and no adjuvant treatment were significant poor prognostic factors. Conclusions Adjuvant immunotherapy after nephrectomy may be beneficial in pT2b-3cN0 RCC. Careful consideration is, however, required for interpretation of this observational study because of its selection bias and adverse effects of IFN-α.
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Farber SH, Elsamadicy AA, Atik AF, Suryadevara CM, Chongsathidkiet P, Fecci PE, Sampson JH. The Safety of available immunotherapy for the treatment of glioblastoma. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2017; 16:277-287. [PMID: 27989218 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2017.1273898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Current standard of care involves maximal surgical resection combined with adjuvant chemoradiation. Growing support exists for a role of immunotherapy in treating these tumors with the goal of targeted cytotoxicity. Here we review data on the safety for current immunotherapies being tested in GBM. Areas covered: Safety data from published clinical trials, including ongoing clinical trials were reviewed. Immunotherapeutic classes currently under investigation in GBM include various vaccination strategies, adoptive T cell immunotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade, monoclonal antibodies, and cytokine therapies. Trials include children, adolescents, and adults with either primary or recurrent GBM. Expert opinion: Based on the reviewed clinical trials, the current immunotherapies targeting GBM are safe and well-tolerated with minimal toxicities which should be noted. However, the gains in patient survival have been modest. A safe and well-tolerated combinatory immunotherapeutic approach may be essential for optimal efficacy towards GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Harrison Farber
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Aladine A Elsamadicy
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Ahmet Fatih Atik
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Carter M Suryadevara
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,c Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Pakawat Chongsathidkiet
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,c Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Peter E Fecci
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,c Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - John H Sampson
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,c Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
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Abstract
Micrometastatic disease following pulmonary metastasectomy is an ideal setting to test adjuvant immunotherapy, as the efficacy of immunotherapy in experimental models is greatest with the smallest tumor burdens. Although there is not a standard-of-care adjuvant immunotherapy for resected pulmonary metastases, there have been several studies using cytokines and other immunostimulatory molecules in conjunction with metastasectomies in patients with melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, sarcoma, and colorectal cancer, which have provided preliminary data that such adjuvant therapy is feasible and safe and may be useful in the future, following more rigorous testing, as routine therapy to prevent recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Morse
- Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, MSRB Room 403, Box 3233, Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Integrating Immunologic Signaling Networks: The JAK/STAT Pathway in Colitis and Colitis-Associated Cancer. Vaccines (Basel) 2016; 4:vaccines4010005. [PMID: 26938566 PMCID: PMC4810057 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines4010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are believed to be crucial mediators of chronic intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Many of these cytokines trigger cellular effects and functions through signaling via janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) molecules. In this way, JAK/STAT signaling controls important events like cell differentiation, secretion of cytokines or proliferation and apoptosis in IBD in both adaptive and innate immune cells. Moreover, JAK/STAT signaling, especially via the IL-6/STAT3 axis, is believed to be involved in the transition of inflammatory lesions to tumors leading to colitis-associated cancer (CAC). In this review, we will introduce the main cellular players and cytokines that contribute to pathogenesis of IBD by JAK/STAT signaling, and will highlight the integrative function that JAK/STATs exert in this context as well as their divergent role in different cells and processes. Moreover, we will explain current concepts of the implication of JAK/STAT signaling in CAC and finally discuss present and future therapies for IBD that interfere with JAK/STAT signaling.
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Abstract
When type III interferon (IFN-λ; also known as interleukin-28 [IL-28] and IL-29) was discovered in 2003, its antiviral function was expected to be analogous to that of type I IFNs (IFN-α and IFN-β) via the induction of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Although IFN-λ stimulates expression of antiviral ISGs preferentially in cells of epithelial origin, recent studies have defined additional antiviral mechanisms in other cell types and tissues. Viral infection models using mice lacking IFN-λ signaling and SNP associations with human disease have expanded our understanding of the contribution of IFN-λ to the antiviral response at anatomic barriers and the immune response beyond these barriers. In this review, we highlight recent insights into IFN-λ functions, including its ability to restrict virus spread into the brain and to clear chronic viral infections in the gastrointestinal tract. We also discuss how IFN-λ modulates innate and adaptive immunity, autoimmunity, and tumor progression and its possible therapeutic applications in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Lazear
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy J Nice
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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