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Ravichandran S, Sood R, Das I, Dong T, Figueroa JD, Yang J, Finger N, Vaughan A, Vora P, Selvaraj K, Labus JS, Gupta A. Early life adversity impacts alterations in brain structure and food addiction in individuals with high BMI. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13141. [PMID: 38849441 PMCID: PMC11161480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63414-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and food addiction are associated with distinct brain signatures related to reward processing, and early life adversity (ELA) also increases alterations in these same reward regions. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the effect of early life adversity on food addiction are unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the interactions between ELA, food addiction, and brain morphometry in individuals with obesity. 114 participants with high body mass index (BMI) underwent structural MRIs, and completed several questionnaires (e.g., Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Early Traumatic Inventory (ETI)). Freesurfer 6 was applied to generate the morphometry of brain regions. A multivariate pattern analysis was used to derive brain morphometry patterns associated with food addiction. General linear modeling and mediation analyses were conducted to examine the effects of ELA and resilience on food addiction in individuals with obesity. Statistical significance was determined at a level of p < 0.05. High levels of ELA showed a strong association between reward control brain signatures and food addiction (p = 0.03). Resilience positively mediated the effect of ELA on food addiction (B = 0.02, p = 0.038). Our findings suggest that food addiction is associated with brain signatures in motivation and reward processing regions indicative of dopaminergic dysregulation and inhibition of cognitive control regions. These mechanistic variabilities along with early life adversity suggest increased vulnerability to develop food addiction and obesity in adulthood, which can buffer by the neuroprotective effects of resilience, highlighting the value of incorporating cognitive appraisal into obesity therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Ravichandran
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Riya Sood
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Isha Das
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Tien Dong
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- Goodman Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Johnny D Figueroa
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA
| | - Jennifer Yang
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- Goodman Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Nicholas Finger
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Allison Vaughan
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Priten Vora
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Katie Selvaraj
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jennifer S Labus
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- Goodman Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Arpana Gupta
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
- Goodman Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
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Weerasekera A, Ion-Mărgineanu A, Nolan GP, Mody M. Subcortical-cortical white matter connectivity in adults with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia patients. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 340:111806. [PMID: 38508025 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are neuropsychiatric disorders that overlap in symptoms associated with social-cognitive impairment. Alterations of the cingulate cortex, subcortical, medial-temporal, and orbitofrontal structures are frequently reported in both disorders. In this study, we examined white-matter connectivity between these structures in adults with ASD and SZ patients compared with their respective neurotypical controls and indirectly with each other, using probabilistic and local DTI tractography. This exploratory study utilized publicly available neuroimaging databases, of adults with ASD (ABIDE II; n = 28) and SZ (COBRE; n = 38), age-gender matched neurotypicals (NT) and associated phenotypic data. Tractography was performed using Freesurfer and MRtrix software, and diffusion metrics of white-matter tracts between cingulate-, orbitofrontal- cortices, subcortical structures, parahippocampal, entorhinal cortex were assessed. In ASD, atypical diffusivity parameters were found in the isthmus cingulate and parahippocampal connectivity to subcortical and rostral-anterior cingulate, which were also associated with IQ and social skills (SRS). In contrast, atypical diffusivity parameters were observed between the medial-orbitofrontal cortex and subcortical structures in SZ, and were associated with executive function (i.e., IQ, processing speed) and emotional regulation. Overall, the results suggest that defects in the isthmus cingulate, medial-orbitofrontal, and striato-limbic white matter connectivity may help unravel the neural underpinnings of executive and social-emotional dysfunction at the core of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Weerasekera
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Adrian Ion-Mărgineanu
- ESAT - STADIUS, KU Leuven, Leuven. Belgium; Biomed Artificial Intelligence LLC, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Maria Mody
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wang LL, Wang J, Liu BH, Tuo D, Lui SSY, Wan WQ, Huang J, Chan RCK. Neural substrates of the interaction between effort-expenditure reward decision-making and outcome anticipation. Behav Brain Res 2024; 466:114979. [PMID: 38582409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reward anticipation is important for future decision-making, possibly due to re-evaluation of prior decisions. However, the exact relationship between reward anticipation and prior effort-expenditure decision-making, and its neural substrates are unknown. METHOD Thirty-three healthy participants underwent fMRI scanning while performing the Effort-based Pleasure Experience Task (E-pet). Participants were required to make effort-expenditure decisions and anticipate the reward. RESULTS We found that stronger anticipatory activation at the posterior cingulate cortex was correlated with slower reaction time while making decisions with a high-probability of reward. Moreover, the substantia nigra was significantly activated in the prior decision-making phase, and involved in reward-anticipation in view of its strengthened functional connectivity with the mammillary body and the putamen in trial conditions with a high probability of reward. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the role of reward anticipation in re-evaluating decisions based on the brain-behaviour correlation. Moreover, the study revealed the neural interaction between reward anticipation and decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing-Hui Liu
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Donghao Tuo
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Wei-Qing Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Pitoy M, Gauthier L, Debatisse J, Maulavé J, Météreau E, Beaudoin M, Portier K, Sgambato V, Billard T, Zimmer L, Lancelot S, Tremblay L. SB-258585 reduces food motivation while blocking 5-HT 6 receptors in the non-human primate striatum. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 131:110970. [PMID: 38354894 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The interest in new 5-HT₆ agents stems from their ability to modulate cognition processing, food motivation and anxiety-like behaviors. While these findings come primarily from rodent studies, no studies on primates have been published. Furthermore, our understanding of where and how they act in the brain remains limited. Although the striatum is involved in all of these processes and expresses the highest levels of 5-HT₆ receptors, few studies have focused on it. We thus hypothesized that 5-HT6 receptor blockade would influence food motivation and modulate behavioral expression in non-human primates through striatal 5-HT6 receptors. This study thus aimed to determine the effects of acute administration of the SB-258585 selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist on the feeding motivation and behaviors of six male macaques. Additionally, we investigated potential 5-HT6 targets using PET imaging to measure 5-HT6 receptor occupancy throughout the brain and striatal subregions. We used a food-choice task paired with spontaneous behavioral observations, checking 5-HT6 receptor occupancy with the specific PET imaging [18F]2FNQ1P radioligand. We demonstrated, for the first time in non-human primates, that modulation of 5-HT6 transmission, most likely through the striatum (the putamen and caudate nucleus), significantly reduces food motivation while exhibiting variable, weaker effects on behavior. While these results are consistent with the literature showing a decrease in food intake in rodents and proposing that 5-HT6 receptor antagonists can be used in obesity treatment, they question the antagonists' anxiolytic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Pitoy
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229 CNRS, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, 3 Quai des Célestins, 69002 Lyon, France.
| | - Lisa Gauthier
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229 CNRS, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Justine Debatisse
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229 CNRS, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France; Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| | - Julie Maulavé
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229 CNRS, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Elise Météreau
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229 CNRS, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, 3 Quai des Célestins, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Maude Beaudoin
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229 CNRS, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Karine Portier
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, CREFAC, 69280 Marcy l'Etoile, France; UCBL, CNRS, INSERM, CRNL U1028 UMR5292, Trajectoire, Lyon, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Véronique Sgambato
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229 CNRS, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Luc Zimmer
- Université Claude-Bernard Lyon1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, 3 Quai des Célestins, 69002 Lyon, France; Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France; CERMEP-Imagerie du Vivant, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Sophie Lancelot
- Université Claude-Bernard Lyon1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, 3 Quai des Célestins, 69002 Lyon, France; Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France; CERMEP-Imagerie du Vivant, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Léon Tremblay
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229 CNRS, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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Ivanov I, Krone B, Schulz K, Shaik RB, Parvaz MA, Newcorn JH. Effects of Stimulant Treatment on Changes in Brain Activation During Reward Notifications in Drug Naïve Youth With ADHD. J Atten Disord 2024; 28:847-860. [PMID: 38293912 DOI: 10.1177/10870547231219762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research examining the potential effects of stimulant exposure in childhood on subsequent development of substance use disorder (SUD) have focused on differences in the brain reward system as a function of risk. METHODS 18 drug naïve children ages 7 to 12 years (11 High Risk [ADHD + ODD/CD]; 7 Low Risk [ADHD only]), underwent fMRI scans before and after treatment with mixed amphetamine salts, extended release (MAS-XR). We examined correlations between clinical ratings and fMRI activation at baseline and following treatment as a function of risk status. RESULTS High Risk children had higher activation than Low Risk children at baseline during both the Reward and Surprising Non-Reward conditions. Treatment produced strong differential effects on brain activation pertinent to group and reward outcome. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the hypothesized role of reward mechanisms in SUD risk, and suggest that stimulant treatment may have differential effects on reward processing in relation to SUD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliyan Ivanov
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beth Krone
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kurt Schulz
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Riaz B Shaik
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Kruithof ES, Klaus J, Schutter DJLG. The human cerebellum in reward anticipation and reward outcome processing: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 149:105171. [PMID: 37060968 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
The cerebellum generates internal prediction models and actively compares anticipated and actual outcomes in order to reach a desired end state. In this process, reward can serve as a reinforcer that shapes internal prediction models, enabling context-appropriate behavior. While the involvement of the cerebellum in reward processing has been established in animals, there is no detailed account of which cerebellar regions are involved in reward anticipation and reward outcome processing in humans. To this end, an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies was performed to investigate cerebellar functional activity patterns associated with reward anticipation and reward outcome processing in healthy adults. Results showed that reward anticipation (k=31) was associated with regional activity in the bilateral anterior lobe, bilateral lobule VI, left Crus I and the posterior vermis, while reward outcome (k=16) was associated with regional activity in the declive and left lobule VI. The findings of this meta-analysis show distinct involvement of the cerebellum in reward anticipation and reward outcome processing as part of a predictive coding routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline S Kruithof
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Jana Klaus
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis J L G Schutter
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Wu X, Palaniyappan L, Yu G, Zhang K, Seidlitz J, Liu Z, Kong X, Schumann G, Feng J, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Bullmore E, Zhang J. Morphometric dis-similarity between cortical and subcortical areas underlies cognitive function and psychiatric symptomatology: a preadolescence study from ABCD. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1146-1158. [PMID: 36473996 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01896-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preadolescence is a critical period characterized by dramatic morphological changes and accelerated cortico-subcortical development. Moreover, the coordinated development of cortical and subcortical regions underlies the emerging cognitive functions during this period. Deviations in this maturational coordination may underlie various psychiatric disorders that begin during preadolescence, but to date these deviations remain largely uncharted. We constructed a comprehensive whole-brain morphometric similarity network (MSN) from 17 neuroimaging modalities in a large preadolescence sample (N = 8908) from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and investigated its association with 10 cognitive subscales and 27 psychiatric subscales or diagnoses. Based on the MSNs, each brain was clustered into five modules with distinct cytoarchitecture and evolutionary relevance. While morphometric correlation was positive within modules, it was negative between modules, especially between isocortical and paralimbic/subcortical modules; this developmental dissimilarity was genetically linked to synapse and neurogenesis. The cortico-subcortical dissimilarity becomes more pronounced longitudinally in healthy children, reflecting developmental differentiation of segregated cytoarchitectonic areas. Higher cortico-subcortical dissimilarity (between the isocortical and paralimbic/subcortical modules) were related to better cognitive performance. In comparison, children with poor modular differentiation between cortex and subcortex displayed higher burden of externalizing and internalizing symptoms. These results highlighted cortical-subcortical morphometric dissimilarity as a dynamic maturational marker of cognitive and psychiatric status during the preadolescent stage and provided insights into brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Wu
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Lena Palaniyappan
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Gechang Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Jakob Seidlitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhaowen Liu
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Xiangzhen Kong
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gunter Schumann
- The Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), ISTBI, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- PONS Centre and SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- PONS Centre, Charite Mental Health, Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapie, CCM, Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Barbara J Sahakian
- Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Cambridge shire and Peterborough NHS Trust, Elizabeth House, Fulbourn Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward Bullmore
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
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Chammas F, Januel D, Bouaziz N. Inpatient suicide in psychiatric settings: Evaluation of current prevention measures. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:997974. [PMID: 36386981 PMCID: PMC9650354 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.997974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of suicide in psychiatric hospitals is 50 times higher than in the general population, despite patient safety being a priority for any hospital. However, to date, due to the complexity of assessing suicide risk, there has been no consensus on the suicide prevention measures that should be in place in hospitals. The aim of this work is: To provide an overview of the progress that has been made in the field of inpatient suicide prevention in recent years; discuss the problems that remain; and suggest potential future developments. As new clinical dimensions (notably anhedonia, psychological pain and hopelessness) develop, they should become new therapeutic targets. Team training (like the Gatekeeper Training Program) and the latest advances in suicide risk assessment (such as the Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality) should be implemented in psychiatric wards. Suicide prevention plans (e.g., ASSIP, SAFE-T, etc.) represent easy-to-administer, low-cost interventions. The Mental Health Environment of Care Checklist has been proven effective to reduce suicide risk at hospitals. Furthermore, the types of psychotherapy recommended to reduce suicide risk are cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT). There are several pharmacological treatments for suicide risk, such as lithium and clozapine, which have been shown to be effective in the long term, as well as ketamine and esketamine, which are more effective in the short term. Following some encouraging recent results, buprenorphine may also be proposed to patients with a suicide risk. Triple chronotherapy rapidly improves depressive symptoms over 9 weeks. Regarding brain stimulation techniques, rTMS has proven to be effective in alleviating multiple dimensions of suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Chammas
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, EPS Ville-Evrard, Neuilly-sur-Marne, France
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Troisi Lopez E, Colonnello V, Liparoti M, Castaldi M, Alivernini F, Russo PM, Sorrentino G, Lucidi F, Mandolesi L, Sorrentino P. Brain network topology and personality traits: A source level magnetoencephalographic study. Scand J Psychol 2022; 63:495-503. [PMID: 35674278 PMCID: PMC9796445 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Personality neuroscience is focusing on the correlation between individual differences and the efficiency of large-scale networks from the perspective of the brain as an interconnected network. A suitable technique to explore this relationship is the magnetoencephalography (MEG), but not many MEG studies are aimed at investigating topological properties correlated to personality traits. By using MEG, the present study aims to evaluate how individual differences described in Cloninger's psychobiological model are correlated with specific cerebral structures. Fifty healthy individuals (20 males, 30 females, mean age: 27.4 ± 4.8 years) underwent Temperament and Character Inventory examination and MEG recording during a resting state condition. High harm avoidance scores were associated with a reduced centrality of the left caudate nucleus and this negative correlation was maintained in females when we analyzed gender differences. Our data suggest that the caudate nucleus plays a key role in adaptive behavior and could be a critical node in insular salience network. The clear difference between males and females allows us to suggest that topological organization correlated to personality is highly dependent on gender. Our findings provide new insights to evaluate the mutual influences of topological and functional connectivity in neural communication efficiency and disruption as biomarkers of psychopathological traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly
| | - Valentina Colonnello
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola‐MalpighiBolognaItaly
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and PsychologyUniversity of Roma “Sapienza”RomeItaly
| | - Mauro Castaldi
- Institute for Diagnosis and Cure Hermitage CapodimonteNaplesItaly
| | - Fabio Alivernini
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and PsychologyUniversity of Roma “Sapienza”RomeItaly
| | - Paolo Maria Russo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola‐MalpighiBolognaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly,Institute for Diagnosis and Cure Hermitage CapodimonteNaplesItaly
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and PsychologyUniversity of Roma “Sapienza”RomeItaly
| | - Laura Mandolesi
- Department of HumanitiesUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
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10
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Cha E, Ahn HJ, Kang W, Jung KI, Ohn SH, Bashir S, Yoo WK. Correlations between COMT polymorphism and brain structure and cognition in elderly subjects: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29214. [PMID: 35550471 PMCID: PMC9276462 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene has been noted to play an important role in individual variations in the aging process. We investigated whether COMT polymorphism could influence cognition related to white matter networks. More specifically, we examined whether methionine (Met) allele loading is associated with better individual cognitive performance. Thirty-four healthy elderly participants were recruited; each participant's COMT genotype was determined, and Korean version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores and a diffusion tensor image were obtained for all participants. The Met carrier group showed significantly lower mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity values for the right hippocampus, thalamus, uncinate fasciculus, and left caudate nucleus than the valine homozygote group. The Met carrier group also scored higher for executive function and attention on the Korean version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Based on these results, we can assume that the COMT Met allele has a protective effect on cognitive decline contributing to individual differences in cognitive function in late life period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsil Cha
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Ahn
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics & Bioinformatics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonil Kang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ik Jung
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Hoon Ohn
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Woo-Kyoung Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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11
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Chan SY, Ong ZY, Ngoh ZM, Chong YS, Zhou JH, Fortier MV, Daniel LM, Qiu A, Meaney MJ, Tan AP. Structure-function coupling within the reward network in preschool children predicts executive functioning in later childhood. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 55:101107. [PMID: 35413663 PMCID: PMC9010704 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Early differences in reward behavior have been linked to executive functioning development. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are activated by reward-related tasks and identified as key nodes of the brain circuit that underlie reward processing. We aimed to investigate the relation between NAc-OFC structural and functional connectivity in preschool children, as well as associations with future reward sensitivity and executive function. We showed that NAc-OFC structural and functional connectivity were not significantly associated in preschool children, but both independently predicted sensitivity to reward in males in a left-lateralized manner. Moreover, significant NAc-OFC structure-function coupling was only found in individuals who performed poorly on executive function tasks in later childhood, but not in the middle- and high-performing groups. As structure-function coupling is proposed to measure functional specialization, this finding suggests premature functional specialization within the reward network, which may impede dynamic communication with other regions, affects executive function development. Our study also highlights the utility of multimodal imaging data integration when studying the effects of reward network functional flexibility in the preschool age, a critical period in brain and executive function development. Functional connectivity is not tethered to structural connectivity in preschool age. Higher degree of SC-FC coupling reflects lower plasticity in early childhood. Gender differences in reward sensitivity were present as early as in preschool age. Early reward network SC-FC coupling affects later executive function.
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12
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Butcher TJ, Dzemidzic M, Harezlak J, Hulvershorn LA, Oberlin BG. Brain responses during delay discounting in youth at high-risk for substance use disorders. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 32:102772. [PMID: 34479170 PMCID: PMC8414537 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Offspring of parents with substance use disorders (SUD) discount future rewards at a steeper rate on the monetary delay discounting task (DD) than typically developing youth. However, brain activation during DD has yet to be studied in drug naïve youth with a family history (FH) of SUD. Here, we investigate brain activation differences in high-risk youth during DD. We recruited substance naïve youth, aged 11-12, into three groups to compare brain activation during DD: (1) High-risk youth (n = 35) with a FH of SUD and externalizing psychiatric disorders, (2) psychiatric controls (n = 25) who had no FH of SUD, but with equivalent externalizing psychiatric disorders as high-risk youth, and (3) a healthy control group (n = 24) with no FH of SUD and minimal psychopathology. A whole-brain voxel wise analysis of the [Delay > Baseline], [Immediate > Baseline], and [Control > Baseline] contrasts identified functional regions of interest, from which extracted parameter estimates were tested for significant group differences. Relative to control youth, high-risk youth showed stronger activation in the left posterior insula and thalamus when making delayed choices, and stronger activation of the parahippocampal gyrus when making both delayed and control choices (ps < 0.05). Activation in the left posterior insula negatively correlated with both subscales of the Emotion Regulation Checklist, and positively correlated with the Stroop interference effect (ps < 0.05). Our findings suggest possible heritable SUD risk neural markers that distinguish drug naïve high-risk youth from psychiatric and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarah J Butcher
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mario Dzemidzic
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jaroslaw Harezlak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Leslie A Hulvershorn
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Brandon G Oberlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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13
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Xu H, Tao Y, Zhu P, Li D, Zhang M, Bai G, Yin B. Restoration of aberrant shape of caudate sub-regions associated with cognitive function improvement in mild traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2022; 39:348-357. [PMID: 35019763 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is an important but less recognized public health concern. Research shows that altered subcortical structures mediate cognitive impairment in patients with mTBI. This has been performed mostly using voxel-based morphometry methods and traditional volume measurement methods, which have certain limitations. In this study, we conducted a vertex-wise shape analysis to understand the aberrant patterns of caudate sub-regions and recovery from mTBI. The study involved 36 mTBI patients and 34 matched healthy controls (HCs) observed at seven-days (acute phase) and followed-up for one-month (subacute phase) post-injury. Different aberrant shapes of the caudate sub-regions were observed at acute phase, which revealed atrophy in the bilateral dorsal medial caudate, and increase in the size of the right ventral anterior caudate in mTBI patients related to HCs. Moreover, specific and significant shape restoration of right dorsal medial caudate in mTBI was observed at subacute phase, which significantly associated with the cognitive function improvement of the patients. These findings suggest that the restoration of the aberrant shape atrophy of right dorsal medial caudate plays a vital role in the improvement of cognitive function of mTBI patients, providing an alternative clinical target for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, China.,McMaster University, 3710, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences,, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Yin Tao
- McMaster University, 3710, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences,, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, 529492, he Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Pingyi Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Radiology, Wenzhou, China;
| | - Dandong Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, China;
| | - Ming Zhang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College First Affiliated Hospital Department of Medical Imaging, 535072, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Guanghui Bai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Radiology, Wenzhou, China;
| | - Bo Yin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, China;
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14
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Cobia D, Rich C, Smith MJ, Mamah D, Csernansky JG, Wang L. Basal ganglia shape features differentiate schizoaffective disorder from schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 317:111352. [PMID: 34399283 PMCID: PMC8545830 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder represent closely related syndromes that vary in severity along a neurobiological continuum. In the present study, volume and shape of the basal ganglia was examined in people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder relative to healthy controls and hypothesized that unique neuroanatomical differences would be observed in each patient group. Magnetic resonance 1.5T images were obtained from schizophrenia (n = 47), schizoaffective disorder (n = 15), and from healthy control (n = 42) participants, matched for age, gender, parental socioeconomic status, and race. The caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus were characterized using high-dimensional brain mapping procedures (Csernansky et al., 2004b). Results revealed significant shape deformations between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder that also differed from control subjects. Relative to schizophrenia, schizoaffective subjects showed exaggerated inward deformations indicative of localized volume loss in subregions of the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus (all p < 0.001). These shape features correlated with mental flexibility and negative symptoms in schizophrenia (all p < 0.05), but not schizoaffective disorder. To the extent that differences in important basal ganglia substructures reflect biological heterogeneity among these two psychotic illnesses, this data could prove useful in improving diagnostic precision, as well as informing the affective component of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derin Cobia
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, 1036 KMBL, Provo, UT 84602, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Chaz Rich
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Matthew J Smith
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel Mamah
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John G Csernansky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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15
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Forzano LB, Sorama M, O'Keefe M, Pizzonia K, Howard T, Dukic N. Impulsivity and self-control in elementary school children and adult females: Using identical task and procedural parameters. Behav Processes 2021; 188:104411. [PMID: 33910032 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Results of studies examining the relationship between impulsivity and age are limited because different tasks, procedural parameters, and different reinforcers have been used with different aged participants. Thus, the current study sought to rectify these differences in two experiments with children (42, ages 5-12) and adults (69 college-aged females) using the same task with identical procedural parameters. In the Self-Control Video Software Task (SCVST; Forzano and Schunk, 2008; Forzano et al., 2014) participants repeatedly choose between larger, more delayed and smaller, less delayed access to viewing video cartoons. No differences in impulsivity were found between adults and children. No age or gender differences were found among children. Differences in task and procedural parameters are identified as important in their implications for research on impulsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Forzano
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Brockport, United States.
| | - M Sorama
- Department of Psychology, Kyoto Notre Dame University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M O'Keefe
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Brockport, United States
| | - K Pizzonia
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Brockport, United States
| | - T Howard
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Brockport, United States
| | - N Dukic
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Brockport, United States
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16
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Goldstein Ferber S, Weller A, Yadid G, Friedman A. Discovering the Lost Reward: Critical Locations for Endocannabinoid Modulation of the Cortico-Striatal Loop That Are Implicated in Major Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1867. [PMID: 33668515 PMCID: PMC7918043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression, the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in the Western world, is characterized by increased negative affect (i.e., depressed mood, cost value increase) and reduced positive affect (i.e., anhedonia, reward value decrease), fatigue, loss of appetite, and reduced psychomotor activity except for cases of agitative depression. Some forms, such as post-partum depression, have a high risk for suicidal attempts. Recent studies in humans and in animal models relate major depression occurrence and reoccurrence to alterations in dopaminergic activity, in addition to other neurotransmitter systems. Imaging studies detected decreased activity in the brain reward circuits in major depression. Therefore, the location of dopamine receptors in these circuits is relevant for understanding major depression. Interestingly, in cortico-striatal-dopaminergic pathways within the reward and cost circuits, the expression of dopamine and its contribution to reward are modulated by endocannabinoid receptors. These receptors are enriched in the striosomal compartment of striatum that selectively projects to dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra compacta and is vulnerable to stress. This review aims to show the crosstalk between endocannabinoid and dopamine receptors and their vulnerability to stress in the reward circuits, especially in corticostriatal regions. The implications for novel treatments of major depression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Goldstein Ferber
- Department of Psychology and the Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (S.G.F.); (A.W.)
| | - Aron Weller
- Department of Psychology and the Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (S.G.F.); (A.W.)
| | - Gal Yadid
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and the Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel;
| | - Alexander Friedman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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17
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Ducasse D, Dubois J, Jaussent I, Azorin JM, Etain B, Gard S, Henry C, Bougerol T, Kahn JP, Aubin V, Bellivier F, Belzeaux R, Dubertret C, Dubreucq J, Llorca PM, Loftus J, Passerieux C, Polosan M, Samalin L, Leboyer M, Yrondi A, Bennabi D, Haffen E, Maruani J, Allauze E, Camus V, D'Amato T, Doumy O, Holtzmann J, Lançon C, Moliere F, Moirand R, Richieri RM, Horn M, Schmitt L, Stephan F, Genty JB, Vaiva G, Walter M, El-Hage W, Aouizerate B, Olié E, Courtet P. Association between anhedonia and suicidal events in patients with mood disorders: A 3-year prospective study. Depress Anxiety 2021; 38:17-27. [PMID: 32652874 DOI: 10.1002/da.23072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As almost all mental disorders are associated with increased suicidal-related behavior, anhedonia might be a trans-diagnostic dimension to target for suicide prevention. METHODS For this 3-year-long prospective study, 2,839 outpatients with mood disorders were recruited. They were divided in: (a) two groups according to the occurrence or not of suicidal ideation during the follow-up, and (b) two groups according to the occurrence or not of suicide attempts during the follow-up. Anhedonia was assessed using a composite score (the French version of the 14-item Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale and item 13 of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology scale) at inclusion and at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after inclusion. RESULTS Patients with mood disorders and anhedonia at least at one follow-up visit had a 1.4-fold higher risk of suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio = 1.35; 95% confidence interval [1.07, 1.70]), even after adjustment for confounding factors of suicide risk (i.e., bipolar or unipolar disorder, sex, age, marital status, education level, antidepressant intake, personal history of suicide attempt, at least one childhood trauma, and mean of the maximum depression score during the follow-up). Conversely, association between anhedonia and suicide attempt did not remain significant after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS The significant association between anhedonia and suicide ideation in patients with mood disorders stresses the need of targeting hedonia in mood disorders, and of research focusing on the position to pleasure in life through eudaimonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Ducasse
- CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post Acute Care, CHRU, Montpellier, France.,Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Jonathan Dubois
- Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Jaussent
- Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Azorin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP HM, Psychiatric Pole, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, Hopital Henri Mondor, DHU PePSY and AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Sébastien Gard
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Charles Perrens Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Chantal Henry
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, Hopital Henri Mondor, DHU PePSY and AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Thierry Bougerol
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, CS 10217, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Nord, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Kahn
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Brabois Hospital, Academic Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Valérie Aubin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Princesse-Grace Hospital, La Colle, Monaco
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Hospital Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Raoul Belzeaux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP HM, Psychiatric Pole, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, AP-HP, INSERM U894, School of Medicine, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy Center of Nancy and School of Medicine, Lorraine University, Lorraine, France
| | - Julien Dubreucq
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, CS 10217, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Nord, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte B, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Josephine Loftus
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Princesse-Grace Hospital, La Colle, Monaco
| | - Christine Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Academic Hospital of Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Mircea Polosan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, CS 10217, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Nord, Grenoble, France
| | - Ludovic Samalin
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte B, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, Hopital Henri Mondor, DHU PePSY and AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Antoine Yrondi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale de l'adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie clinique, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, EA 481 Neurosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie clinique, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Investigation Clinique 1431-INSERM, EA 481 Neurosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Julia Maruani
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Hôpital Fernand-Widal, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Allauze
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte B, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Camus
- Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Inserm U1253 Imaging and Brain, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Thierry D'Amato
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron cedex, France
| | | | - Jérôme Holtzmann
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, CS 10217, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Nord, Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Lançon
- Pôle Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Moliere
- CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post Acute Care, CHRU, Montpellier, France
| | - Rémi Moirand
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron cedex, France
| | - Raphaëlle Marie Richieri
- Pôle Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Mathilde Horn
- Service de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Fontan 1, Lille, France
| | - Laurent Schmitt
- Service de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale de l'adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Florian Stephan
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Bohars, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Genty
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte B, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Vaiva
- Service de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Fontan 1, Lille, France
| | - Michel Walter
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Bohars, France
| | - Wissam El-Hage
- Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Inserm U1253 Imaging and Brain, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - Emilie Olié
- CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post Acute Care, CHRU, Montpellier, France.,Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post Acute Care, CHRU, Montpellier, France.,Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
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18
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Mondino M, Lenglos C, Cinti A, Renauld E, Fecteau S. Eye tracking of smoking-related stimuli in tobacco use disorder: A proof-of-concept study combining attention bias modification with alpha-transcranial alternating current stimulation. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 214:108152. [PMID: 32645683 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use disorder (TUD) is characterized by the presence of an attentional bias (AB) towards smoking-related stimuli. We investigated whether combining an AB modification paradigm (ABM) with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) reduces the AB towards smoking-related stimuli, as well as craving level and impulsive choices. METHODS In a sham-controlled, crossover preliminary study, 19 subjects with TUD received two stimulation arms: 1) active tACS (10 Hz, 2 mA, 30 min) combined with ABM and 2) sham tACS combined with ABM, in a randomized order, separated by one week. AB towards smoking cues during passive observation of smoking and neutral cues was assessed with an eye-tracking device and reactions times at a visual-probe task. Craving level was measured with the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges. Impulsive choices were assessed with the delay discounting task. RESULTS Active tACS combined with ABM reduced the amount of time spent looking at smoking-related pictures (p = 0.03), prevented the increase of self-reported desire to smoke (p = 0.026), and reduced the proportion of impulsive choices (p = 0.049), compared to sham tACS combined with ABM. No significant effects were reported on other craving dimensions and on AB based on reaction times. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary findings suggest that combining tACS with ABM may help smokers who wish to quit by reducing the desire to smoke, attention to smoking-cues, and impulsive decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Mondino
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Christophe Lenglos
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Alessandra Cinti
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Renauld
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Shirley Fecteau
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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19
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Wang Q, Lv C, He Q, Xue G. Dissociable fronto-striatal functional networks predict choice impulsivity. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:2377-2386. [PMID: 32815053 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02128-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fronto-striatal structural connectivity is associated with choice impulsivity. Yet, to date, whether distinct fronto-striatal functional coupling associates with impulsive choices are largely unknown. Using seed-based resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) combined with multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA), the present study aimed to explore the predictions of dissociable frontal-striatal functional connectivity on choice impulsivity in a relatively large sample (N = 429). Adaptive delay-discounting task was utilized to assess choice impulsivity and the striatum was further divided into three subregions including the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), caudate, and putamen. Results revealed that both the functional coupling between the NAcc and the limbic/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and between the caudate and the dorsal prefrontal cortex, including the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), successfully predicted the delay-discounting rate. However, such pattern was not observed in the putamen-prefrontal functional connectivity. These findings suggest fronto-striatal-dependent neural mechanisms of choice impulsivity and further provide a better understanding of the contributions of striatum subregions and their functional connectivities with different areas of prefrontal cortex upon inter-temporal choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China. .,Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China. .,Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students' Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Chenyu Lv
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Gui Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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20
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Demidenko MI, Huntley ED, Jahn A, Thomason ME, Monk CS, Keating DP. Cortical and subcortical response to the anticipation of reward in high and average/low risk-taking adolescents. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 44:100798. [PMID: 32479377 PMCID: PMC7262007 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first neurodevelopmental models that sought to explain the influx of risky behaviors during adolescence were proposed, there have been a number of revisions, variations and criticisms. Despite providing a strong multi-disciplinary heuristic to explain the development of risk behavior, extant models have not yet reliably isolated neural systems that underlie risk behaviors in adolescence. To address this gap, we screened 2017 adolescents from an ongoing longitudinal study that assessed 15-health risk behaviors, targeting 104 adolescents (Age Range: 17-to-21.4), characterized as high-or-average/low risk-taking. Participants completed the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) fMRI task, examining reward anticipation to "big win" versus "neutral". We examined neural response variation associated with both baseline and longitudinal (multi-wave) risk classifications. Analyses included examination of a priori regions of interest (ROIs); and exploratory non-parametric, whole-brain analyses. Hypothesis-driven ROI analysis revealed no significant differences between high- and average/low-risk profiles using either baseline or multi-wave classification. Results of whole-brain analyses differed according to whether risk assessment was based on baseline or multi-wave data. Despite significant mean-level task activation, these results do not generalize prior neural substrates implicated in reward anticipation and adolescent risk-taking. Further, these data indicate that whole-brain differences may depend on how risk-behavior profiles are defined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward D Huntley
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Andrew Jahn
- The Functional MRI Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Moriah E Thomason
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone, New York, United States
| | - Christopher S Monk
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Daniel P Keating
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
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21
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Mauro KL, Goncalves SF, Sinha R, Ansell E, Chaplin TM. Does Alcohol Initiation in Early-To-Middle Adolescence Predict Changes in Reward Motivation? Evidence of Sex Differences. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:1420-1430. [PMID: 32463517 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reward motivation has been cross-sectionally correlated with adolescent alcohol use, but the temporal nature of this relationship remains unclear. This project sought to determine whether adolescent alcohol initiation longitudinally predicted changes in reward motivation and behavioral inhibition from early to middle adolescence, and explored the role of adolescent sex in this prediction. METHODS A total of 180 11- to 14-year-olds were recruited and then followed for 3 years to age 14 to 17. Participants self-reported their alcohol use at all time points. We selected participants who were alcohol-naïve at Baseline (early adolescence) and then grouped them based on whether or not they reported alcohol initiation by Year 3 (Y3: middle adolescence). Adolescents completed self-report and experimental (delay discounting) measures of reward motivation and self-report measures of behavioral inhibition at Baseline and Y3. RESULTS Adolescents' alcohol initiation significantly predicted higher Y3 self-reported reward motivation on one measure. Additionally, a significant sex × alcohol initiation interaction was found predicting Y3 task-based reward motivation (delay discounting), with boys' alcohol initiation predicting increased bias toward immediate reward at Y3. There was also a sex × alcohol initiation interaction predicting behavioral inhibition, with girls' alcohol initiation predicting higher behavioral inhibition at Y3. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that alcohol initiation among adolescents might precede changes in reward motivation, and the effects of alcohol on reward and behavioral inhibition may differ by adolescent sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey L Mauro
- From the, Youth Emotion Lab, (KLM, SFG, TMC), George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Stefanie F Goncalves
- From the, Youth Emotion Lab, (KLM, SFG, TMC), George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Yale Stress Center, (RS), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Emily Ansell
- Biobehavioral Health, (EA), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Tara M Chaplin
- From the, Youth Emotion Lab, (KLM, SFG, TMC), George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
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22
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Neural correlates of delay discount alterations in addiction and psychiatric disorders: A systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 99:109822. [PMID: 31751662 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Delay discounting (DD) represents decreased subjective value for delayed reward relative to the same reward at present. The concept of DD has been applied for pathophysiology of addiction and psychiatric disorders. However, the detailed neuroimaging correlates of DD underlying pathophysiology still remain unclear. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to investigate neural correlates of DD on magnetic resonance imaging studies among addiction and psychiatric disorders. Specific search terms were set on PubMed to identify relevant articles. Initial search identified 551 records and 31 studies met the inclusion criteria. The present review revealed that greater DD was correlated with increased activity in areas related to reward evaluation and prediction as well as decreased activity in areas related to cognitive control. Healthy controls showed smaller changes in activities of these areas associated with DD when compared to patient groups. As the neural basis related to DD, three neural networks have been proposed that are associated with the actions of short-term interests and long-term benefits. Among the three potential neural networks on DD, the first one included the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum and implicated in evaluating reward values, the second network included the anterior cingulate cortex and linked to cognitive control, and the third network included the middle temporal gyrus and was involved in predictions and affection. This review generated consistent findings on the neural basis of DD among patients with addiction and psychiatric disorders, which may represent the pathophysiology related to DD and impulsivity of mental illness.
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23
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Cai H, Chen J, Liu S, Zhu J, Yu Y. Brain functional connectome-based prediction of individual decision impulsivity. Cortex 2020; 125:288-298. [PMID: 32113043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extensive neuroimaging research has attempted to identify neural correlates and predictors of decision impulsivity. However, the nature and extent of decision impulsivity-brain association have varied substantially across studies, likely due to small sample sizes, limited image quality, different imaging measurement selections, and non-specific methodologies. The objective of this study was to develop a reliable predictive model of decision impulsivity-brain relationship in a large sample by applying connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), a recently developed machine learning approach, to whole-brain functional connectivity data ("neural fingerprints"). For 809 healthy young participants from the Human Connectome Project, high-quality resting-state functional MRI data were utilized to construct brain functional connectome and delay discounting test was used to assess decision impulsivity. Then, CPM with leave-one-out cross-validation was conducted to predict individual decision impulsivity from whole-brain functional connectivity. We found that CPM successfully and reliably predicted the delay discounting scores in novel individuals. Moreover, different feature selection thresholds, parcellation strategies and cross-validation approaches did not significantly influence the prediction results. At the neural level, we observed that the decision impulsivity-associated functional networks included brain regions within default-mode, subcortical, somato-motor, dorsal attention, and visual systems, suggesting that decision impulsivity emerges from highly integrated connections involving multiple intrinsic networks. Our findings not only may expand existing knowledge regarding the neural mechanism of decision impulsivity, but also may present a workable route towards translation of brain imaging findings into real-world economic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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24
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Ventral striatum supports Methylphenidate therapeutic effects on impulsive choices expressed in temporal discounting task. Sci Rep 2020; 10:716. [PMID: 31959838 PMCID: PMC6971276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57595-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylphenidate (MPH) is a dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitor used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD). ADHD patients make impulsive choices in delay discounting tasks (DDT) and MPH reduces such impulsivity, but its therapeutic site of action remains unknown. Based on the high density of DAT in the striatum, we hypothesized that the striatum, especially the ventral striatum (VS) and caudate nucleus which both encode temporal discounting, can be preferential MPH action sites. To determine whether one of these striatal territories is predominantly involved in the effect of MPH, we trained monkeys to make choices during DDT. First, consistent with clinical observations, we found an overall reduction of impulsive choices with a low dose of MPH administered via intramuscular injections, whereas we reported sedative-like effects with a higher dose. Then, using PET-imaging, we found that the therapeutic reduction of impulsive choices was associated with selective DAT occupancy of MPH in the VS. Finally, we confirmed the selective involvement of the VS in the effect of MPH by testing the animals’ impulsivity with microinjections of the drug in distinct striatal territories. Together, these results show that the therapeutic effect of MPH on impulsive decisions is mainly restricted to its action in the VS.
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25
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Martinez E, Pasquereau B, Saga Y, Météreau É, Tremblay L. The anterior caudate nucleus supports impulsive choices triggered by pramipexole. Mov Disord 2019; 35:296-305. [PMID: 31737954 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist used as a treatment in PD and restless legs syndrome to reduce motor symptoms, but it often induces impulse control disorders. In particular, patients with impulse control disorders tend to make more impulsive choices in the delay discounting task, that is, they choose small immediate rewards over larger delayed ones more often than patients without impulse control disorders and healthy subjects do. Yet the site of action of pramipexole that produces these impulsive choices remains unknown. Based on the heterogeneity of corticostriatal projections and the massive dopamine innervation of the striatum, we hypothesized that impulsive choices triggered by dopamine treatments may be supported by a specific striatal territory. OBJECTIVES This study aims to determine by which anteriorstriatum territory the Pramipexole trigger impulsive choices; the caudate nucleus, the ventral striatum or the putamen. METHODS We compared pramipexole intramuscular injections to intracerebral microinjections within the three striatal territories in healthy monkeys trained to execute the delay discounting task, a behavioral paradigm typically used to evaluate impulsive choices. RESULTS We found that pramipexole intramuscular injections induced impulsive choices in all monkeys. Local microinjections were performed inside the anterior caudate nucleus, ventral striatum, and anterior putamen and reproduced those impulsive choices when pramipexole was directly injected into the caudate nucleus, whereas injections into the ventral striatum or putamen had no effect on monkeys' choices. CONCLUSIONS These results, consistent with clinical studies, suggest that impulsive choices triggered by pramipexole are supported by the caudate nucleus, allowing us to emphasize the importance of dopamine modulation inside this striatal territory in decision processes underlying impulsive behaviors. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Martinez
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229, Bron, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Yosuke Saga
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229, Bron, France
| | - Élise Météreau
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229, Bron, France
| | - Léon Tremblay
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229, Bron, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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26
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Inhibition of food craving is a metabolically active process in the brain in obese men. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 44:590-600. [PMID: 31740725 PMCID: PMC7046524 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is associated with impaired inhibitory control over food intake. We hypothesized that the neural circuitry underlying inhibition of food craving would be impaired in obesity. Here we assessed whether obese men show altered brain responses during attempted cognitive inhibition of craving when exposed to food cues. METHODS Sixteen obese men (32 ± 8.7 years old, BMI = 38.6 ± 7.2) were compared with 11 age-matched non-obese men (BMI 24.2 ± 2.5) using PET and FDG. Brain glucose metabolism was evaluated in a food deprived state: no food stimulation, food stimulation with no inhibition (NI), and food stimulation with attempted inhibition (AI), each on a separate day. Individualized favorite food items were presented prior to and after FDG injection for 40 min. For AI, participants were asked to attempt to inhibit their desire for the food presented. Self-reports for hunger and food desire were recorded. RESULTS Food stimulation compared with no stimulation increased glucose metabolism in inferior and superior frontal gyrus, default mode network and cerebellum, in both groups. For both groups, AI compared with NI-suppressed metabolism in right subgenual anterior cingulate, orbitofrontal areas, bilateral insula, and temporal gyri. There was a stimulation-by-group interaction effect in obese (but not in non-obese) men showing increased metabolism in pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) and caudate during AI relative to NI. Changes in the food desire from NI to AI correlated negatively with changes in metabolism in pgACC/caudate in obese but not in non-obese men. CONCLUSIONS Obese men showed higher activation in pgACC/caudate, which are regions involved with self-regulation and emotion/reward during AI. Behavioral associations suggest that successful AI is an active process requiring more energy in obese but not in non-obese men. The additional required effort to increase cognitive control in response to food stimulation in obese compared with non-obese men may contribute to their uncontrolled eating behavior.
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27
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Hansen A, Turpyn CC, Mauro K, Thompson JC, Chaplin TM. Adolescent Brain Response to Reward Is Associated with a Bias toward Immediate Reward. Dev Neuropsychol 2019; 44:417-428. [PMID: 31288587 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2019.1636798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The current study examines associations between neural activation to the receipt of monetary reward in a rewarding game task and bias toward immediate reward measured in a behavioral delay discounting task among early adolescents (N = 58, 12-14 years). As expected, heightened brain activation in reward-related regions were correlated with higher bias toward immediate reward. This suggests that bias toward immediate reward in delay discounting tasks may be linked to heightened activation to reward in reward processing regions. This interplay between neural reward processing and bias toward immediate reward might explain the sharp increases in bias toward immediate reward that occur in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amysue Hansen
- a Psychology, George Mason University , Fairfax , USA
| | | | - Kelsey Mauro
- a Psychology, George Mason University , Fairfax , USA
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28
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Damme KSF, Kelley NJ, Quinn ME, Glazer JE, Chat IKY, Young KS, Nusslock R, Zinbarg R, Bookheimer S, Craske MG. Emotional content impacts how executive function ability relates to willingness to wait and to work for reward. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 19:637-652. [PMID: 30937705 PMCID: PMC6599486 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-019-00712-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated that better value-based decision making (e.g., waiting or working for rewards) relates to greater executive function (EF) ability. However, EF is not a static ability, but is influenced by the emotional content of the task. As such, EF ability in emotional contexts may have unique associations with value-based decision making, in which costs and benefits are explicit. Participants (N = 229) completed an EF task (with both negative and neutral task conditions) and two value-based decision-making tasks. Willingness to wait and to work were evaluated in separate path models relating the waiting and working conditions to the EF conditions. Willingness to wait and willingness to work showed distinct relationships with EF ability: Greater EF ability on a negative, but not on a neutral, EF task was related to a willingness to wait for a reward, whereas greater EF ability across both EF tasks was related to a greater willingness to work for a reward. EF ability on a negative EF task showed an inverted-U relationship to willingness to wait for reward, and was most related to willingness to wait at a 6-month delay. Greater EF, regardless of whether the task was negative or neutral, was related to a greater willingness to work when reward was uncertain (50%) or was likely (88%), but not when reward was unlikely (12%). This study suggests that the emotional content of value-based decisions impacts the relationship between EF ability and willingness to wait or to work for reward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meghan E Quinn
- Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Iris Ka-Yi Chat
- Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine S Young
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- King's College, London, UK
| | | | - Richard Zinbarg
- Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Family Institute at Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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29
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Morelli SA, Knutson B, Zaki J. Neural sensitivity to personal and vicarious reward differentially relates to prosociality and well-being. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2019; 13:831-839. [PMID: 30016481 PMCID: PMC6123524 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsy056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals stably vary in their responses to rewards, but researchers have not yet determined whether sensitivity to rewarding outcomes translates across social and non-social contexts or whether different forms of reward sensitivity relate to distinct behavioral tendencies. We tested for responsiveness to different types of rewards by assessing individuals’ neural sensitivity to personal vs. vicarious monetary reward outcomes and explored how responses to each related to prosociality and well-being. Forty-six participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning while winning money for themselves and observing a friend and stranger win money. All types of reward outcomes engaged the ventral striatum, but neural sensitivity to rewards for the self and for others were uncorrelated across individuals. Further, while sensitivity to rewards for the self or a close friend correlated with individuals’ psychological well-being, only sensitivity to a friend’s rewards correlated with individuals’ prosociality. These findings highlight the value of independently assessing responsiveness to different types of reward and illuminate affective mechanisms that may promote prosocial behavior and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia A Morelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian Knutson
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jamil Zaki
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Petrican R, Grady CL. The intrinsic neural architecture of inhibitory control: The role of development and emotional experience. Neuropsychologia 2019; 127:93-105. [PMID: 30822448 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory control is a key determinant of goal-directed behavior. Its susceptibility to reward implies that its variations may not only reflect cognitive ability, but also sensitivity to goal-relevant information. Since cognitive ability and motivational sensitivity vary as a function of age and mood, we hypothesized that their relevance for predicting individual differences in inhibition would similarly vary. Here, we tested this prediction with respect to the brain's intrinsic functional architecture. Specifically, we reasoned that age and affective functioning would both moderate the relationship between inhibition and resting state expression of the dynamic neural organization patterns linked to engaging in cognitive effort versus those involved in manipulating motivationally salient information. First, we used task fMRI data from the Human Connectome Project (N = 359 participants) to identify the brain organization patterns unique to effortful cognitive processing versus manipulation of motivationally relevant information. We then assessed the association between inhibitory control and relative expression of these two neural patterns in an independent resting state dataset from the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland lifespan sample (N = 247). As hypothesized, the relation between inhibition and intrinsic functional brain architecture varied as a function of age and affective functioning. Among those with superior affective functioning, better inhibitory control in adolescence and early adulthood was associated with stronger resting state expression of the brain pattern that typified processing of motivationally salient information. The opposite effect emerged beyond the age of 49. Among individuals with poorer affective functioning, a significant link between inhibition and brain architecture emerged only before the age of 28. In this group, superior inhibition was associated with stronger resting state expression of the neural pattern that typified effortful cognitive processing. Our results thus imply that motivational relevance makes a unique contribution to superior cognitive functioning during earlier life stages. However, its relevance to higher-order mentation decreases with aging and increased prevalence of mood-related problems, which raises the possibility that patterns of neurobehavioral responsiveness to motivational salience may constitute sensitive markers of successful lifespan development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Petrican
- Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada.
| | - Cheryl L Grady
- Rotman Research Institute and Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, M6A 2E1, Canada
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31
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Jauregi A, Kessler K, Hassel S. Linking Cognitive Measures of Response Inhibition and Reward Sensitivity to Trait Impulsivity. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2306. [PMID: 30546331 PMCID: PMC6279859 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulsivity is regarded as a multifaceted construct that comprises two dimensions: rapid-response impulsivity and reward-delay impulsivity. It is unclear, however, which aspects of trait impulsivity, as assessed by self-report measures are related to rapid-response impulsivity and/or to reward-delay impulsivity, as different results have been reported in studies using both self-report and cognitive measures. This study aimed to directly relate self-report measures of impulsivity to cognitive measures of impulsivity in individuals at low- or high-levels on two impulsivity dimensions, specifically rapid-response impulsivity and reward-delay impulsivity. Participants were classified into high- or low-impulsivity groups based on (1) level of rapid-response impulsivity (determined by BIS-11 Motor subscale scores); (2) level of reward-delay impulsivity (determined by BIS/BAS subscale scores); and (3) a combination of rapid-response impulsivity and reward-delay impulsivity levels. Impulsivity was assessed using Go/No-Go, Stop-Signal and Delay-Discounting tasks and self-report measures. The high rapid-response impulsivity group showed significantly higher reward-delay impulsivity on both, the Delay-Discounting tasks and on self-report measures assessing reward-delay impulsivity, than the low-risk group. Based on the level of reward-delay impulsivity, the high reward-delay impulsivity group scored significantly higher on task-based (cognitive) and self-report measures assessing rapid-response inhibition than the low reward-delay impulsivity group. Combining both dimensions of impulsivity showed that the high-impulsivity group performed significantly worse in rapid-response paradigms and temporally discounted significantly more impulsively than the low-impulsivity group. Thus, combined impulsivity factors provide better assessment of impulsivity than each dimension alone. In conclusion, robust differences in impulsivity can be identified in non-clinical young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Jauregi
- Aston Brain Centre, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Kessler
- Aston Brain Centre, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stefanie Hassel
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Szczypiński JJ, Gola M. Dopamine dysregulation hypothesis: the common basis for motivational anhedonia in major depressive disorder and schizophrenia? Rev Neurosci 2018; 29:727-744. [PMID: 29573379 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities in reward processing are crucial symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SCH). Recent neuroscientific findings regarding MDD have led to conclusions about two different symptoms related to reward processing: motivational and consummatory anhedonia, corresponding, respectively, to impaired motivation to obtain rewards ('wanting'), and diminished satisfaction from consuming them ('liking'). One can ask: which of these is common for MDD and SCH. In our review of the latest neuroscientific studies, we show that MDD and SCH do not share consummatory anhedonia, as SCH patients usually have unaltered liking. Therefore, we investigated whether motivational anhedonia is the common symptom across MDD and SCH. With regard to the similarities and differences between the neural mechanisms of MDD and SCH, here we expand the current knowledge of motivation deficits and present the common underlying mechanism of motivational anhedonia - the dopamine dysregulation hypothesis - stating that any prolonged dysregulation in tonic dopamine signaling that exceeds the given equilibrium can lead to striatal dysfunction and motivational anhedonia. The implications for further research and treatment of MDD and SCH are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Józef Szczypiński
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093Warsaw, Poland.,Medical University of Warsaw, Chair of Psychiatry, Nowowiejska 27, 00-665Warsaw, Poland.,Center for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Neurocognitive Laboratory, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Mateusz Gola
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute of Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, #0559, La Jolla, CA 92093-0559, USA.,Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Clinical Neuroscience Lab, Jaracza 1, 00-001, Warsaw, Poland
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Kim B, Im HI. The role of the dorsal striatum in choice impulsivity. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1451:92-111. [PMID: 30277562 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It has long been recognized that the dorsal striatum is an essential brain region for control of action selection based on action-outcome contingency learning, particularly when the available actions are bound to rewarding outcomes. In principle, intertemporal choice in the delay-discounting task-a validated measure of choice impulsivity-involves reward-associated actions that require the recruitment of the dorsal striatum. Here, we conjecture about ways the dorsal striatum is involved in choice impulsivity. Based on a selective body of studies, we begin with a brief history of research on choice impulsivity and the dorsal striatum, and then provide a comprehensive summary of contemporary studies utilizing human neuroimaging and animal models to search for links between choice impulsivity and the dorsal striatum. In particular, we discuss in-depth the converging evidence for the associations of choice impulsivity with the reward valuation coded by the caudate, a ventral-to-dorsal gradient in the dorsal striatum, the origins of striatal afferents, and developmental maturation of frontostriatal connectivity during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- BaekSun Kim
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heh-In Im
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abraham E, Feldman R. The neurobiology of human allomaternal care; implications for fathering, coparenting, and children's social development. Physiol Behav 2018; 193:25-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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35
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Staubitz JL, Lloyd BP, Reed DD. A Summary of Methods for Measuring Delay Discounting in Young Children. PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40732-018-0292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Elevated outcome-anticipation and outcome-evaluation ERPs associated with a greater preference for larger-but-delayed rewards. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 17:625-641. [PMID: 28224457 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-017-0501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although waiting for a reward reduces or discounts its value, some people have a stronger tendency to wait for larger rewards and forgo smaller-but-immediate rewards. This ability to delay gratification is captured by individual differences in so-called intertemporal choices in which individuals are asked to choose between larger-but-delayed versus smaller-but-immediate rewards. The current study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine whether enhancement in two neurocognitive processes, outcome anticipation and outcome evaluation, modulate individual variability in intertemporal responses. After completing a behavioral intertemporal choice task, 34 participants performed an ERP gambling task. From this ERP task, we separately examined individual differences in outcome anticipation (stimulus-preceding negativity; SPN), early outcome valuation (feedback-related negativity; FRN), and late outcome evaluation (P3). We observed that both elevated outcome-anticipation (SPN) and late outcome-evaluation (P3) neural processes predicted a stronger preference toward larger-but-delayed rewards. No relationship was observed between intertemporal responses and early outcome evaluation (FRN), indicating that the relationship between outcome evaluation and intertemporal responses was specific to the late outcome-evaluation processing stream. Moreover, multiple regression analyses indicated that the SPN and P3 independently modulate individual differences in intertemporal responses, suggesting separate mechanisms underlie the relationship between these two neurocognitive processes and intertemporal responses. Accordingly, we identify two potential neurocognitive modulators of individual variability in intertemporal responses. We discuss the mechanisms underlying these modulators in terms of anticipation-related processing (SPN) and a saliency bias toward gain (compared to loss) outcomes (P3).
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Abraham E, Gilam G, Kanat-Maymon Y, Jacob Y, Zagoory-Sharon O, Hendler T, Feldman R. The Human Coparental Bond Implicates Distinct Corticostriatal Pathways: Longitudinal Impact on Family Formation and Child Well-Being. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:2301-2313. [PMID: 28401924 PMCID: PMC5645748 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Alloparental care, the cooperative care of offspring by group members other than the biological mother, has been widely practiced since early hominin evolution to increase infant survival and thriving. The coparental bond-a relationship of solidarity and commitment between two adults who join their effort to care for children-is a central contributor to children's well-being and sociality; yet, the neural basis of coparenting has not been studied in humans. Here, we followed 84 first-time co-parents (42 couples) across the first 6 years of family formation, including opposite-sex and same-sex couples, measured brain response to coparental stimuli, observed collaborative and undermining coparental behaviors in infancy and preschool, assayed oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVP), and measured coparenting and child behavior problems at 6 years. Across family types, coparental stimuli activated the striatum, specifically the ventral striatum and caudate, striatal nodes implicated in motivational goal-directed social behavior. Psychophysiological interaction analysis indicated that both nodes were functionally coupled with the vmPFC in support of the human coparental bond and this connectivity was stronger as collaborative coparental behavior increased. Furthermore, caudate functional connectivity patterns differentiated distinct corticostriatal pathways associated with two stable coparental behavioral styles; stronger caudate-vmPFC connectivity was associated with more collaborative coparenting and was linked to OT, whereas a stronger caudate-dACC connectivity was associated with increase in undermining coparenting and was related to AVP. Finally, dyadic path-analysis model indicated that the parental caudate-vmPFC connectivity in infancy predicted lower child externalizing symptoms at 6 years as mediated by collaborative coparenting in preschool. Findings indicate that the coparental bond is underpinned by striatal activations and corticostriatal connectivity similar to other human affiliative bonds; highlight specific corticostriatal pathways as defining distinct coparental orientations that underpin family life; chart brain-hormone-behavior constellations for the mature, child-orientated coparental bond; and demonstrate the flexibility of this bond across family constellations and its unique contribution to child well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Abraham
- Department of Psychology and The Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Gadi Gilam
- Functional Brain Center, Wohl Institute of Advanced Imaging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Yael Jacob
- Functional Brain Center, Wohl Institute of Advanced Imaging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orna Zagoory-Sharon
- Department of Psychology and The Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Talma Hendler
- Functional Brain Center, Wohl Institute of Advanced Imaging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ruth Feldman
- Department of Psychology and The Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Graff-Radford J, Williams L, Jones DT, Benarroch EE. Caudate nucleus as a component of networks controlling behavior. Neurology 2017; 89:2192-2197. [PMID: 29070661 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000004680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsy Williams
- From the Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - David T Jones
- From the Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Daughters SB, Ross TJ, Bell RP, Yi JY, Ryan J, Stein EA. Distress tolerance among substance users is associated with functional connectivity between prefrontal regions during a distress tolerance task. Addict Biol 2017; 22:1378-1390. [PMID: 27037525 PMCID: PMC5625840 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Distress tolerance (DT), defined as the ability to persist in goal directed behavior while experiencing affective distress, is implicated in the development and maintenance of substance use disorders. While theory and evidence indicate that cortico-limbic neural dysfunction may account for deficits in goal directed behavior while experiencing distress, the neurobiological mechanisms of DT have yet to be examined. We modified a computerized DT task for use in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT-M), and examined the neural correlates and functional connectivity of DT among a cohort of substance users (n = 21; regular cocaine and nicotine users) and healthy controls (n = 25). In response to distress during the PASAT-M, we found greater activation in a priori cortico-limbic network ROIs, namely the right insula, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), bilateral medial frontal gyrus (MFG), right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) significantly predicted higher DT among substance users, but not healthy controls. In addition, greater task-specific functional connectivity during distress between the right MFG and bilateral vmPFC/sgACC was associated with higher DT among substance users, but not healthy controls. The observed positive relationship between DT and neural activation in cortico-limbic structures, as well as functional connectivity between the rMFG and vmPFC/sgACC, is in line with theory and research suggesting the importance of these structures for persisting in goal directed behavior while experiencing affective distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey B. Daughters
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill
| | - Thomas J. Ross
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH
| | - Ryan P. Bell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill
| | - Jennifer Y. Yi
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill
| | - Jonathan Ryan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill
| | - Elliot A. Stein
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH
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Gatzke-Kopp LM, Ram N, Lydon-Staley DM, DuPuis D. Children's Sensitivity to Cost and Reward in Decision Making Across Distinct Domains of Probability, Effort, and Delay. JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DECISION MAKING 2017; 31:12-24. [PMID: 29353962 DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Many behavioral paradigms used to study individuals' decision making tendencies do not capture the decision components that contribute to behavioral outcomes, such as differentiating decisions driven toward a reward from decisions driven away from a cost. This study tested a novel decision making task in a sample of 403 children (age 9 years) enrolled in an ongoing longitudinal study. The task consisted of 3 blocks representing distinct cost domains (delay, probability, effort) wherein children were presented with a deck of cards, each of which consisted of a reward and a cost. Children elected whether to accept or skip the card at each trial. Reward-cost pairs were selected using an adaptive algorithm to strategically sample the decision space in the fewest number of trials. Using person-specific regression models, decision preferences were quantified for each cost domain with respect to general tolerance (intercept), as well as parameters estimating the effect of incremental increases in reward or cost on the probability of accepting a card. Results support the relative independence of decision making tendencies across cost domains, with moderate correlations observed between tolerance for delay and effort. Specific decision parameters showed unique associations with cognitive and behavioral measures including executive function, academic motivation, anxiety, and hyperactivity. Evidence indicates that sensitivity to reward is an important factor in incentivizing decisions to work harder or wait longer. Dissociating the relative contributions of reward and cost sensitivity in multiple domains may facilitate the identification of heterogeneity in sub-optimal decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nilam Ram
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University.,German Institute for Economic Research (DIW), Berlin
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Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Damage Is Associated with Decreased Ventral Striatum Volume and Response to Reward. J Neurosci 2017; 36:5047-54. [PMID: 27147657 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4236-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) are two central nodes of the "reward circuit" of the brain. Human neuroimaging studies have demonstrated coincident activation and functional connectivity between these brain regions, and animal studies have demonstrated that the vmPFC modulates ventral striatum activity. However, there have been no comparable data in humans to address whether the vmPFC may be critical for the reward-related response properties of the ventral striatum. In this study, we used fMRI in five neurosurgical patients with focal vmPFC lesions to test the hypothesis that the vmPFC is necessary for enhancing ventral striatum responses to the anticipation of reward. In support of this hypothesis, we found that, compared with age- and gender-matched neurologically healthy subjects, the vmPFC-lesioned patients had reduced ventral striatal activity during the anticipation of reward. Furthermore, we observed that the vmPFC-lesioned patients had decreased volumes of the accumbens subregion of the ventral striatum. Together, these functional and structural neuroimaging data provide novel evidence for a critical role for the vmPFC in contributing to reward-related activity of the ventral striatum. These results offer new insight into the functional and structural interactions between key components of the brain circuitry underlying human affective function and decision-making. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Maladaptive decision-making is a common problem across multiple mental health disorders. Developing new pathophysiologically based strategies for diagnosis and treatment thus requires a better understanding of the brain circuits responsible for adaptive decision-making and related psychological subprocesses (e.g., reward valuation, anticipation, and motivation). Animal studies provide evidence that these functions are mediated through direct interactions between two key nodes of a posited "reward circuit," the ventral striatum and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). For the first time in humans, we demonstrate that damage to the vmPFC results in decreased ventral striatum activity during reward anticipation. These data provide unique evidence on the causal mechanisms by which the vmPFC and ventral striatum interact during the anticipation of rewards.
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Mechelmans DJ, Strelchuk D, Doñamayor N, Banca P, Robbins TW, Baek K, Voon V. Reward Sensitivity and Waiting Impulsivity: Shift towards Reward Valuation away from Action Control. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 20:971-978. [PMID: 29020291 PMCID: PMC5716204 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsivity and reward expectancy are commonly interrelated. Waiting impulsivity, measured using the rodent 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time task, predicts compulsive cocaine seeking and sign (or cue) tracking. Here, we assess human waiting impulsivity using a novel translational task, the 4-Choice Serial Reaction Time task, and the relationship with reward cues. METHODS Healthy volunteers (n=29) performed the monetary incentive delay task as a functional MRI study where subjects observe a cue predicting reward (cue) and wait to respond for high (£5), low (£1), or no reward. Waiting impulsivity was tested with the 4-Choice Serial Reaction Time task. RESULTS For high reward prospects (£5, no reward), greater waiting impulsivity on the 4-CSRT correlated with greater medial orbitofrontal cortex and lower supplementary motor area activity to cues. In response to high reward cues, greater waiting impulsivity was associated with greater subthalamic nucleus connectivity with orbitofrontal cortex and greater subgenual cingulate connectivity with anterior insula, but decreased connectivity with regions implicated in action selection and preparation. CONCLUSION These findings highlight a shift towards regions implicated in reward valuation and a shift towards compulsivity away from higher level motor preparation and action selection and response. We highlight the role of reward sensitivity and impulsivity, mechanisms potentially linking human waiting impulsivity with incentive approach and compulsivity, theories highly relevant to disorders of addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy J Mechelmans
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Ms Mechelmans, Ms Strelchuk, Dr Donamayor-Alonso, Dr Banca, Dr Baek, and Dr Voon); KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium (Ms Mechelmans); Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Robbins and Voon); Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon); NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon)
| | - Daniela Strelchuk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Ms Mechelmans, Ms Strelchuk, Dr Donamayor-Alonso, Dr Banca, Dr Baek, and Dr Voon); KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium (Ms Mechelmans); Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Robbins and Voon); Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon); NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon)
| | - Nuria Doñamayor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Ms Mechelmans, Ms Strelchuk, Dr Donamayor-Alonso, Dr Banca, Dr Baek, and Dr Voon); KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium (Ms Mechelmans); Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Robbins and Voon); Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon); NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon)
| | - Paula Banca
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Ms Mechelmans, Ms Strelchuk, Dr Donamayor-Alonso, Dr Banca, Dr Baek, and Dr Voon); KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium (Ms Mechelmans); Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Robbins and Voon); Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon); NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon)
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Ms Mechelmans, Ms Strelchuk, Dr Donamayor-Alonso, Dr Banca, Dr Baek, and Dr Voon); KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium (Ms Mechelmans); Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Robbins and Voon); Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon); NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon)
| | - Kwangyeol Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Ms Mechelmans, Ms Strelchuk, Dr Donamayor-Alonso, Dr Banca, Dr Baek, and Dr Voon); KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium (Ms Mechelmans); Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Robbins and Voon); Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon); NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon)
| | - Valerie Voon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Ms Mechelmans, Ms Strelchuk, Dr Donamayor-Alonso, Dr Banca, Dr Baek, and Dr Voon); KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium (Ms Mechelmans); Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Robbins and Voon); Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon); NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Dr Voon),Correspondence: Valerie Voon, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Level E4, Box 189, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK ()
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Sherman L, Steinberg L, Chein J. Connecting brain responsivity and real-world risk taking: Strengths and limitations of current methodological approaches. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2017; 33:27-41. [PMID: 28774477 PMCID: PMC5745301 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In line with the goal of limiting health risk behaviors in adolescence, a growing literature investigates whether individual differences in functional brain responses can be related to vulnerability to engage in risky decision-making. We review this body of work, investigate when and in what way findings converge, and provide best practice recommendations. We identified 23 studies that examined individual differences in brain responsivity and adolescent risk taking. Findings varied widely in terms of the neural regions identified as relating to risky behavior. This heterogeneity is likely due to the abundance of approaches used to assess risk taking, and to the disparity of fMRI tasks. Indeed, brain-behavior correlations were typically found in regions showing a main effect of task. However, results from a test of publication bias suggested that region of interest approaches lacked evidential value. The findings suggest that neural factors differentiating riskier teens are not localized to a single region. Therefore, approaches that utilize data from the entire brain, particularly in predictive analyses, may yield more reliable and applicable results. We discuss several decision points that researchers should consider when designing a study, and emphasize the importance of precise research questions that move beyond a general desire to address adolescent risk taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Sherman
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, United States.
| | | | - Jason Chein
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, United States
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Buhusi M, Olsen K, Buhusi CV. Increased temporal discounting after chronic stress in CHL1-deficient mice is reversed by 5-HT2C agonist Ro 60-0175. Neuroscience 2017; 357:110-118. [PMID: 28583411 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which impaired decision-making and goal-directed behaviors are core features. One of the genes associated with schizophrenia is the Close Homolog of L1 (CHL1); CHL1-deficient mice are considered a model of schizophrenia-like deficits, including sensorimotor gating, interval timing and spatial memory impairments. Here we investigated temporal discounting in CHL1-deficient (KO) mice and their wild-type littermates. Although no discounting differences were found under baseline conditions, CHL1-KO mice showed increased impulsive choice following chronic unpredictable stress (fewer % larger-later choices, and reduced area under the discounting curve). Stressed CHL1-KO mice also showed decreased neuronal activation (number of cFos positive neurons) in the discounting task in the prelimbic cortex and dorsal striatum, areas thought to be part of executive and temporal processing circuits. Impulsive choice alterations were reversed by the 5-HT2C agonist Ro 60-0175. Our results provide evidence for a gene x environment, double-hit model of stress-related decision-making impairments, and identify CHL1-deficient mice as a mouse model for these deficits in regard to schizophrenia-like phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Buhusi
- Utah State University, Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Dept. Psychology, 2810 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States.
| | - Kaitlin Olsen
- Utah State University, Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Dept. Psychology, 2810 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Catalin V Buhusi
- Utah State University, Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Dept. Psychology, 2810 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
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Abstract
Abnormal reward processing is a prominent transdiagnostic feature of psychopathology. The present review provides a framework for considering the different aspects of reward processing and their assessment, and highlights recent insights from the field of neuroeconomics that may aid in understanding these processes. Although altered reward processing in psychopathology has often been treated as a general hypo- or hyperresponsivity to reward, increasing data indicate that a comprehensive understanding of reward dysfunction requires characterization within more specific reward-processing domains, including subjective valuation, discounting, hedonics, reward anticipation and facilitation, and reinforcement learning. As such, more nuanced models of the nature of these abnormalities are needed. We describe several processing abnormalities capable of producing the types of selective alterations in reward-related behavior observed in different forms of psychopathology, including (mal)adaptive scaling and anchoring, dysfunctional weighting of reward and cost variables, competition between valuation systems, and reward prediction error signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Zald
- Department of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240;
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de Water E, Mies GW, Figner B, Yoncheva Y, van den Bos W, Castellanos FX, Cillessen AHN, Scheres A. Neural mechanisms of individual differences in temporal discounting of monetary and primary rewards in adolescents. Neuroimage 2017; 153:198-210. [PMID: 28411154 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents are generally characterized as impulsive. However, impulsivity is a multi-dimensional construct that involves multiple component processes. Which of these components contribute to adolescent impulsivity is currently unclear. This study focused on the neural mechanisms underlying individual differences in distinct components of temporal discounting (TD), i.e., the preference for smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards. Participants were 58 adolescents (12-16 years-old) who performed an fMRI TD task with both monetary and snack rewards. Using mixed-effects modeling, we determined participants' average impatience, and further decomposed TD choices into: 1) amount sensitivity (unique contribution of the magnitude of the immediate reward); and 2) delay sensitivity (unique contribution of delay duration). Adolescents' average impatience was positively correlated with frontoparietal and ventral striatal activity during delayed reward choices, and with ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity during immediate reward choices. Adolescents' amount sensitivity was positively associated with ventral striatal and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex activity during immediate reward choices. Delay sensitivity was positively correlated with inferior parietal cortex activity during delayed reward choices. As expected, snacks were discounted more steeply than money, and TD of both reward types was associated with overlapping activation in the inferior parietal cortex. Exploring whether testosterone or estradiol were associated with TD and its neural correlates revealed no significant associations. These findings indicate that distinct components contribute uniquely to TD choice and that individual differences in amount sensitivity are uniquely associated with activation of reward valuation areas, while individual differences in delay sensitivity are uniquely associated with activation of cognitive control areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik de Water
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Gabry W Mies
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Figner
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuliya Yoncheva
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wouter van den Bos
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Xavier Castellanos
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | | | - Anouk Scheres
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Huang H, Nguyen PT, Schwab NA, Tanner JJ, Price CC, Ding M. Mapping Dorsal and Ventral Caudate in Older Adults: Method and Validation. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:91. [PMID: 28420985 PMCID: PMC5378713 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The caudate nucleus plays important roles in cognition and affect. Depending on associated connectivity and function, the caudate can be further divided into dorsal and ventral aspects. Dorsal caudate, highly connected to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), is implicated in executive function and working memory; ventral caudate, more interconnected with the limbic system, is implicated in affective functions such as pain processing. Clinically, certain brain disorders are known to differentially impact dorsal and ventral caudate. Thus, precise parcellation of caudate has both basic and clinical neuroscience significance. In young adults, past work has combined resting-state fMRI functional connectivity with clustering algorithms to define dorsal and ventral caudate. Whether the same approach is effective in older adults and how to validate the parcellation results have not been considered. We addressed these problems by obtaining resting-state fMRI data from 56 older non-demented adults (age: 69.07 ± 5.92 years and MOCA: 25.71 ± 2.46) along with a battery of cognitive and clinical assessments. Connectivity from each voxel of caudate to the rest of the brain was computed using cross correlation. Applying the K-means clustering algorithm to the connectivity patterns with K = 2 yielded two substructures within caudate, which agree well with previously reported dorsal and ventral divisions of caudate. Furthermore, dorsal-caudate-seeded functional connectivity was shown to be more strongly associated with working memory and fluid reasoning composite scores, whereas ventral-caudate-seeded functional connectivity more strongly associated with pain and fatigue severity. These results demonstrate that dorsal and ventral caudate can be reliably identified by combining resting-state fMRI and clustering algorithms in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Huang
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Peter T Nguyen
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nadine A Schwab
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jared J Tanner
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Catherine C Price
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mingzhou Ding
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
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A pathway linking reward circuitry, impulsive sensation-seeking and risky decision-making in young adults: identifying neural markers for new interventions. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1096. [PMID: 28418404 PMCID: PMC5416701 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High trait impulsive sensation seeking (ISS) is common in 18-25-year olds, and is associated with risky decision-making and deleterious outcomes. We examined relationships among: activity in reward regions previously associated with ISS during an ISS-relevant context, uncertain reward expectancy (RE), using fMRI; ISS impulsivity and sensation-seeking subcomponents; and risky decision-making in 100, transdiagnostically recruited 18-25-year olds. ISS, anhedonia, anxiety, depression and mania were measured using self-report scales; clinician-administered scales also assessed the latter four. A post-scan risky decision-making task measured 'risky' (possible win/loss/mixed/neutral) fMRI-task versus 'sure thing' stimuli. 'Bias' reflected risky over safe choices. Uncertain RE-related activity in left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and bilateral ventral striatum was positively associated with an ISS composite score, comprising impulsivity and sensation-seeking-fun-seeking subcomponents (ISSc; P⩽0.001). Bias positively associated with sensation seeking-experience seeking (ES; P=0.003). This relationship was moderated by ISSc (P=0.009): it was evident only in high ISSc individuals. Whole-brain analyses showed a positive relationship between: uncertain RE-related left ventrolateral prefrontal cortical activity and ISSc; uncertain RE-related visual attention and motor preparation neural network activity and ES; and uncertain RE-related dorsal anterior cingulate cortical activity and bias, specifically in high ISSc participants (all ps<0.05, peak-level, family-wise error corrected). We identify an indirect pathway linking greater levels of uncertain RE-related activity in reward, visual attention and motor networks with greater risky decision-making, via positive relationships with impulsivity, fun seeking and ES. These objective neural markers of high ISS can guide new treatment developments for young adults with high levels of this debilitating personality trait.
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Kluwe-Schiavon B, Viola TW, Sanvicente-Vieira B, Malloy-Diniz LF, Grassi-Oliveira R. Balancing Automatic-Controlled Behaviors and Emotional-Salience States: A Dynamic Executive Functioning Hypothesis. Front Psychol 2017; 7:2067. [PMID: 28154541 PMCID: PMC5243844 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been growing interest in understanding how executive functions are conceptualized in psychopathology. Since several models have been proposed, the major issue lies within the definition of executive functioning itself. Theoretical discussions have emerged, narrowing the boundaries between “hot” and “cold” executive functions or between self-regulation and cognitive control. Nevertheless, the definition of executive functions is far from a consensual proposition and it has been suggested that these models might be outdated. Current efforts indicate that human behavior and cognition are by-products of many brain systems operating and interacting at different levels, and therefore, it is very simplistic to assume a dualistic perspective of information processing. Based upon an adaptive perspective, we discuss how executive functions could emerge from the ability to solve immediate problems and to generalize successful strategies, as well as from the ability to synthesize and to classify environmental information in order to predict context and future. We present an executive functioning perspective that emerges from the dynamic balance between automatic-controlled behaviors and an emotional-salience state. According to our perspective, the adaptive role of executive functioning is to automatize efficient solutions simultaneously with cognitive demand, enabling individuals to engage such processes with increasingly complex problems. Understanding executive functioning as a mediator of stress and cognitive engagement not only fosters discussions concerning individual differences, but also offers an important paradigm to understand executive functioning as a continuum process rather than a categorical and multicomponent structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon
- Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakopsychologie, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik ZürichZürich, Switzerland; Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Thiago W Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Department of Mental Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil; LUMINA Neurosciences and Mental Health InstituteBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto AlegreBrazil; Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto AlegreBrazil
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50
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Hänggi J, Lohrey C, Drobetz R, Baetschmann H, Forstmeier S, Maercker A, Jäncke L. Strength of Structural and Functional Frontostriatal Connectivity Predicts Self-Control in the Healthy Elderly. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:307. [PMID: 28105013 PMCID: PMC5214688 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-regulation refers to the successful use of executive functions and initiation of top-down processes to control one's thoughts, behavior, and emotions, and it is crucial to perform self-control. Self-control is needed to overcome impulses and can be assessed by delay of gratification (DoG) and delay discounting (DD) paradigms. In children/adolescents, good DoG/DD ability depends on the maturity of frontostriatal connectivity, and its decline in strength with advancing age might adversely affect self-control because prefrontal brain regions are more prone to normal age-related atrophy than other regions. Here, we aimed at highlighting the relationship between frontostriatal connectivity strength and DoG performance in advanced age. We recruited 40 healthy elderly individuals (mean age 74.0 ± 7.7 years) and assessed the DoG ability using the German version of the DoG test for adults in addition to the delay discounting (DD) paradigm. Based on diffusion-weighted and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, respectively, the structural and functional whole-brain connectome were reconstructed based on 90 different brain regions of interest in addition to a 12-node frontostriatal DoG-specific network and the resulting connectivity matrices were subjected to network-based statistics. The 90-nodes whole-brain connectome analyses revealed subnetworks significantly associated with DoG and DD with a preponderance of frontostriatal nodes involved suggesting a high specificity of the findings. Structural and functional connectivity strengths between the putamen, caudate nucleus, and nucleus accumbens on the one hand and orbitofrontal, dorsal, and ventral lateral prefrontal cortices on the other hand showed strong positive correlations with DoG and negative correlations with DD corrected for age, sex, intracranial volume, and head motion parameters. These associations cannot be explained by differences in impulsivity and executive functioning. This pattern of correlations between structural or functional frontostriatal connectivity strength and self-control suggests that, in addition to the importance of the frontostriatal nodes itself, the structural and functional properties of different connections within the frontostriatal network are crucial for self-controlled behaviors in the healthy elderly. Because high DoG/low DD is a significant predictor of willpower and wellbeing in the elderly population, interventions aiming at strengthening frontostriatal connectivity to strengthen self-controlled behavior are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Hänggi
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corinna Lohrey
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Drobetz
- Division of Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hansruedi Baetschmann
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Forstmeier
- Division of Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Developmental Psychology, Department of Education Studies and Psychology, University of SiegenSiegen, Germany
| | - Andreas Maercker
- Division of Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (UFSP), Dynamic of Healthy Aging, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland
| | - Lutz Jäncke
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (UFSP), Dynamic of Healthy Aging, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; International Normal Aging and Plasticity Imaging Center, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland
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