1
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Zhao Y, Lv H, Yu C, Liang J, Yu H, Du Z, Zhang R. Systemic inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation impedes zebrafish ventricle regeneration. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167442. [PMID: 39059593 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Unlike humans and other mammals, zebrafish demonstrate a remarkable capacity to regenerate their injured hearts throughout life. Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) contributes to major energy demands of the adult hearts under physiological conditions; however, its functions in regulating cardiac regeneration and the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Different strategies targeting FAO have yield mixed outcomes. Here, we demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial FAO with mildronate (MD) caused lipid accumulation in zebrafish larvae and suppressed ventricle regeneration. MD treatment impeded cardiogenic factor reactivation and cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation, and impaired ventricle regeneration could be rescued by exogenous l-carnitine supplementation. Moreover, compared with the ablated hearts of wild-type fish, ventricle regeneration, cardiogenic factor reactivation and CM proliferation were significantly blocked in the ablated hearts of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1b (cpt1b) knockout zebrafish. Further experiments suggested that NF-κB signaling and increased inflammation may be involved in the impediment of ventricle regeneration caused by systemic mitochondrial FAO inhibition. Overall, our study demonstrates the essential roles of mitochondrial FAO in zebrafish ventricle regeneration and reaffirms the sophisticated and multifaceted roles of FAO in heart regeneration with regard to different injury models and means of FAO inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Lv
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunxiao Yu
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jieling Liang
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Yu
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Du
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Romero-Becera R, Santamans AM, Arcones AC, Sabio G. From Beats to Metabolism: the Heart at the Core of Interorgan Metabolic Cross Talk. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:98-125. [PMID: 38051123 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00018.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart, once considered a mere blood pump, is now recognized as a multifunctional metabolic and endocrine organ. Its function is tightly regulated by various metabolic processes, at the same time it serves as an endocrine organ, secreting bioactive molecules that impact systemic metabolism. In recent years, research has shed light on the intricate interplay between the heart and other metabolic organs, such as adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle. The metabolic flexibility of the heart and its ability to switch between different energy substrates play a crucial role in maintaining cardiac function and overall metabolic homeostasis. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of how metabolic disorders disrupt cardiac metabolism is crucial, as it plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of cardiac diseases. The emerging understanding of the heart as a metabolic and endocrine organ highlights its essential contribution to whole body metabolic regulation and offers new insights into the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we provide an in-depth exploration of the heart's metabolic and endocrine functions, emphasizing its role in systemic metabolism and the interplay between the heart and other metabolic organs. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests a correlation between heart disease and other conditions such as aging and cancer, indicating that the metabolic dysfunction observed in these conditions may share common underlying mechanisms. By unraveling the complex mechanisms underlying cardiac metabolism, we aim to contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and improve overall cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alba C Arcones
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Nakano H, Nakano A. The role of metabolism in cardiac development. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 156:201-243. [PMID: 38556424 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Metabolism is the fundamental process that sustains life. The heart, in particular, is an organ of high energy demand, and its energy substrates have been studied for more than a century. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in understanding the role of metabolism in the early differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and in cancer research. Studies have revealed that metabolic intermediates from glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle act as co-factors for intracellular signal transduction, playing crucial roles in regulating cell behaviors. Mitochondria, as the central hub of metabolism, are also under intensive investigation regarding the regulation of their dynamics. The metabolic environment of the fetus is intricately linked to the maternal metabolic status, and the impact of the mother's nutrition and metabolic health on fetal development is significant. For instance, it is well known that maternal diabetes increases the risk of cardiac and nervous system malformations in the fetus. Another notable example is the decrease in the risk of neural tube defects when pregnant women are supplemented with folic acid. These examples highlight the profound influence of the maternal metabolic environment on the fetal organ development program. Therefore, gaining insights into the metabolic environment within developing fetal organs is critical for deepening our understanding of normal organ development. This review aims to summarize recent findings that build upon the historical recognition of the environmental and metabolic factors involved in the developing embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Nakano
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Atsushi Nakano
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Cell Physiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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4
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Zambrano-Carrasco J, Zou J, Wang W, Sun X, Li J, Su H. Emerging Roles of Cullin-RING Ubiquitin Ligases in Cardiac Development. Cells 2024; 13:235. [PMID: 38334627 PMCID: PMC10854628 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart development is a spatiotemporally regulated process that extends from the embryonic phase to postnatal stages. Disruption of this highly orchestrated process can lead to congenital heart disease or predispose the heart to cardiomyopathy or heart failure. Consequently, gaining an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing cardiac development holds considerable promise for the development of innovative therapies for various cardiac ailments. While significant progress in uncovering novel transcriptional and epigenetic regulators of heart development has been made, the exploration of post-translational mechanisms that influence this process has lagged. Culling-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs), the largest family of ubiquitin ligases, control the ubiquitination and degradation of ~20% of intracellular proteins. Emerging evidence has uncovered the critical roles of CRLs in the regulation of a wide range of cellular, physiological, and pathological processes. In this review, we summarize current findings on the versatile regulation of cardiac morphogenesis and maturation by CRLs and present future perspectives to advance our comprehensive understanding of how CRLs govern cardiac developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josue Zambrano-Carrasco
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (J.Z.-C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jianqiu Zou
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (J.Z.-C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (J.Z.-C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xinghui Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;
| | - Jie Li
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (J.Z.-C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Huabo Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (J.Z.-C.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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5
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Mishra A, Tavasoli M, Sokolenko S, McMaster CR, Pasumarthi KB. Atrial natriuretic peptide signaling co-regulates lipid metabolism and ventricular conduction system gene expression in the embryonic heart. iScience 2024; 27:108748. [PMID: 38235330 PMCID: PMC10792247 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and its high affinity receptor (NPRA) are involved in the formation of ventricular conduction system (VCS). Inherited genetic variants in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) genes are known to cause conduction abnormalities in newborn children. Although the effect of ANP on energy metabolism in noncardiac cell types is well documented, the role of lipid metabolism in VCS cell differentiation via ANP/NPRA signaling is not known. In this study, histological sections and primary cultures obtained from E11.5 mouse ventricles were analyzed to determine the role of metabolic adaptations in VCS cell fate determination and maturation. Exogenous treatment of E11.5 ventricular cells with ANP revealed a significant increase in lipid droplet accumulation, FAO and higher expression of VCS marker Cx40. Using specific inhibitors, we further identified PPARγ and FAO as critical downstream regulators of ANP-mediated regulation of metabolism and VCS formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mahtab Tavasoli
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Stanislav Sokolenko
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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6
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Tong F, Sun Z. Identification and validation of potential biomarkers for atrial fibrillation based on integrated bioinformatics analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1190273. [PMID: 38274270 PMCID: PMC10808641 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1190273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Globally, the most common form of arrhythmias is atrial fibrillation (AF), which causes severe morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden. The application of machine learning algorithms in combination with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) can be used to screen genes, therefore, we aimed to screen for potential biomarkers associated with AF development using this integrated bioinformatics approach. Methods: On the basis of the AF endocardium gene expression profiles GSE79768 and GSE115574 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AF and sinus rhythm samples were identified. DEGs enrichment analysis and transcription factor screening were then performed. Hub genes for AF were screened using WGCNA and machine learning algorithms, and the diagnostic accuracy was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. GSE41177 was used as the validation set for verification. Subsequently, we identified the specific signaling pathways in which the key biomarkers were involved, using gene set enrichment analysis and reverse prediction of mRNA-miRNA interaction pairs. Finally, we explored the associations between the hub genes and immune microenvironment and immune regulation. Results: Fifty-seven DEGs were identified, and the two hub genes, hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha inhibitor (HIF1AN) and mitochondrial inner membrane protein MPV17 (MPV17), were screened using WGCNA combined with machine learning algorithms. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for MPV17 and HIF1AN validated that two genes predicted AF development, and the differential expression of the hub genes was verified in the external validation dataset. Enrichment analysis showed that MPV17 and HIF1AN affect mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, gap junctions, and other signaling pathway functions. Immune cell infiltration and immunomodulatory correlation analyses showed that MPV17 and HIF1AN are strongly correlated with the content of immune cells and significantly correlated with HLA expression. Conclusion: The identification of hub genes associated with AF using WGCNA combined with machine learning algorithms and their correlation with immune cells and immune gene expression can elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying AF occurrence. This may further identify more accurate and effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhijun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Monda E, De Michele G, Diana G, Verrillo F, Rubino M, Cirillo A, Fusco A, Amodio F, Caiazza M, Dongiglio F, Palmiero G, Buono P, Russo MG, Limongelli G. Left Ventricular Non-Compaction in Children: Aetiology and Diagnostic Criteria. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:115. [PMID: 38201424 PMCID: PMC10871098 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a heterogeneous myocardial disorder characterized by prominent trabeculae protruding into the left ventricular lumen and deep intertrabecular recesses. LVNC can manifest in isolation or alongside other heart muscle diseases. Its occurrence among children is rising due to advancements in imaging techniques. The origins of LVNC are diverse, involving both genetic and acquired forms. The clinical manifestation varies greatly, with some cases presenting no symptoms, while others typically manifesting with heart failure, systemic embolism, and arrhythmias. Diagnosis mainly relies on assessing heart structure using imaging tools like echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance. However, the absence of a universally agreed-upon standard and limitations in diagnostic criteria have led to ongoing debates in the scientific community regarding the most reliable methods. Further research is crucial to enhance the diagnosis of LVNC, particularly in early life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Monda
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Gianantonio De Michele
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Gaetano Diana
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Federica Verrillo
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Marta Rubino
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Annapaola Cirillo
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Adelaide Fusco
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Federica Amodio
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Martina Caiazza
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Francesca Dongiglio
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Palmiero
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Pietro Buono
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, General Directorate for Health, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Russo
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (G.D.M.); (G.D.); (F.V.); (M.R.); (A.C.); (A.F.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (F.D.); (G.P.); (M.G.R.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1N 3JH, UK
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8
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Martin-Puig S, Menendez-Montes I. Cardiac Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:365-396. [PMID: 38884721 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The heart is composed of a heterogeneous mixture of cellular components perfectly intermingled and able to integrate common environmental signals to ensure proper cardiac function and performance. Metabolism defines a cell context-dependent signature that plays a critical role in survival, proliferation, or differentiation, being a recognized master piece of organ biology, modulating homeostasis, disease progression, and adaptation to tissue damage. The heart is a highly demanding organ, and adult cardiomyocytes require large amount of energy to fulfill adequate contractility. However, functioning under oxidative mitochondrial metabolism is accompanied with a concomitant elevation of harmful reactive oxygen species that indeed contributes to the progression of several cardiovascular pathologies and hampers the regenerative capacity of the mammalian heart. Cardiac metabolism is dynamic along embryonic development and substantially changes as cardiomyocytes mature and differentiate within the first days after birth. During early stages of cardiogenesis, anaerobic glycolysis is the main energetic program, while a progressive switch toward oxidative phosphorylation is a hallmark of myocardium differentiation. In response to cardiac injury, different signaling pathways participate in a metabolic rewiring to reactivate embryonic bioenergetic programs or the utilization of alternative substrates, reflecting the flexibility of heart metabolism and its central role in organ adaptation to external factors. Despite the well-established metabolic pattern of fetal, neonatal, and adult cardiomyocytes, our knowledge about the bioenergetics of other cardiac populations like endothelial cells, cardiac fibroblasts, or immune cells is limited. Considering the close intercellular communication and the influence of nonautonomous cues during heart development and after cardiac damage, it will be fundamental to better understand the metabolic programs in different cardiac cells in order to develop novel interventional opportunities based on metabolic rewiring to prevent heart failure and improve the limited regenerative capacity of the mammalian heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Martin-Puig
- Department of Metabolic and Immune Diseases, Institute for Biomedical Research "Sols-Morreale", National Spanish Research Council, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
- Cardiac Regeneration Program, National Center for Cardiovascular Research, CNIC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ivan Menendez-Montes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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9
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Beisaw A, Wu CC. Cardiomyocyte maturation and its reversal during cardiac regeneration. Dev Dyn 2024; 253:8-27. [PMID: 36502296 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. Due to the limited proliferative and regenerative capacity of adult cardiomyocytes, the lost myocardium is not replenished efficiently and is replaced by a fibrotic scar, which eventually leads to heart failure. Current therapies to cure or delay the progression of heart failure are limited; hence, there is a pressing need for regenerative approaches to support the failing heart. Cardiomyocytes undergo a series of transcriptional, structural, and metabolic changes after birth (collectively termed maturation), which is critical for their contractile function but limits the regenerative capacity of the heart. In regenerative organisms, cardiomyocytes revert from their terminally differentiated state into a less mature state (ie, dedifferentiation) to allow for proliferation and regeneration to occur. Importantly, stimulating adult cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation has been shown to promote morphological and functional improvement after myocardial infarction, further highlighting the importance of cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation in heart regeneration. Here, we review several hallmarks of cardiomyocyte maturation, and summarize how their reversal facilitates cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration. A detailed understanding of how cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation is regulated will provide insights into therapeutic options to promote cardiomyocyte de-maturation and proliferation, and ultimately heart regeneration in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arica Beisaw
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chi-Chung Wu
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Cui M, Bezprozvannaya S, Hao T, Elnwasany A, Szweda LI, Liu N, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. Transcription factor NFYa controls cardiomyocyte metabolism and proliferation during mouse fetal heart development. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2867-2880.e7. [PMID: 37972593 PMCID: PMC11000264 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes are highly metabolic cells responsible for generating the contractile force in the heart. During fetal development and regeneration, these cells actively divide but lose their proliferative activity in adulthood. The mechanisms that coordinate their metabolism and proliferation are not fully understood. Here, we study the role of the transcription factor NFYa in developing mouse hearts. Loss of NFYa alters cardiomyocyte composition, causing a decrease in immature regenerative cells and an increase in trabecular and mature cardiomyocytes, as identified by spatial and single-cell transcriptome analyses. NFYa-deleted cardiomyocytes exhibited reduced proliferation and impaired mitochondrial metabolism, leading to cardiac growth defects and embryonic death. NFYa, interacting with cofactor SP2, activates genes linking metabolism and proliferation at the transcription level. Our study identifies a nodal role of NFYa in regulating prenatal cardiac growth and a previously unrecognized transcriptional control mechanism of heart metabolism, highlighting the importance of mitochondrial metabolism during heart development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Svetlana Bezprozvannaya
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tian Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abdallah Elnwasany
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Luke I Szweda
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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11
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Ritterhoff J, Tian R. Metabolic mechanisms in physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy: new paradigms and challenges. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:812-829. [PMID: 37237146 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac metabolism is vital for heart function. Given that cardiac contraction requires a continuous supply of ATP in large quantities, the role of fuel metabolism in the heart has been mostly considered from the perspective of energy production. However, the consequence of metabolic remodelling in the failing heart is not limited to a compromised energy supply. The rewired metabolic network generates metabolites that can directly regulate signalling cascades, protein function, gene transcription and epigenetic modifications, thereby affecting the overall stress response of the heart. In addition, metabolic changes in both cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes contribute to the development of cardiac pathologies. In this Review, we first summarize how energy metabolism is altered in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure of different aetiologies, followed by a discussion of emerging concepts in cardiac metabolic remodelling, that is, the non-energy-generating function of metabolism. We highlight challenges and open questions in these areas and finish with a brief perspective on how mechanistic research can be translated into therapies for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ritterhoff
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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12
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Zhao Y, Xiong W, Li C, Zhao R, Lu H, Song S, Zhou Y, Hu Y, Shi B, Ge J. Hypoxia-induced signaling in the cardiovascular system: pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:431. [PMID: 37981648 PMCID: PMC10658171 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen concentration, is a significant stressor that affects the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. From the research history and milestone events related to hypoxia in cardiovascular development and diseases, The "hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) switch" can be observed from both temporal and spatial perspectives, encompassing the occurrence and progression of hypoxia (gradual decline in oxygen concentration), the acute and chronic manifestations of hypoxia, and the geographical characteristics of hypoxia (natural selection at high altitudes). Furthermore, hypoxia signaling pathways are associated with natural rhythms, such as diurnal and hibernation processes. In addition to innate factors and natural selection, it has been found that epigenetics, as a postnatal factor, profoundly influences the hypoxic response and progression within the cardiovascular system. Within this intricate process, interactions between different tissues and organs within the cardiovascular system and other systems in the context of hypoxia signaling pathways have been established. Thus, it is the time to summarize and to construct a multi-level regulatory framework of hypoxia signaling and mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases for developing more therapeutic targets and make reasonable advancements in clinical research, including FDA-approved drugs and ongoing clinical trials, to guide future clinical practice in the field of hypoxia signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weidong Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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13
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Menendez-Montes I, Garry DJ, Zhang J(J, Sadek HA. Metabolic Control of Cardiomyocyte Cell Cycle. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2023; 19:26-36. [PMID: 38028975 PMCID: PMC10655756 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapies for heart failure aim to prevent the deleterious remodeling that occurs after MI injury, but currently no therapies are available to replace lost cardiomyocytes. Several organisms now being studied are capable of regenerating their myocardium by the proliferation of existing cardiomyocytes. In this review, we summarize the main metabolic pathways of the mammalian heart and how modulation of these metabolic pathways through genetic and pharmacological approaches influences cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hesham A. Sadek
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, US
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14
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Santamaría R, Cruz-Caballero J, Gkontra P, Jiménez-Montiel A, Clemente C, López JA, Villalba-Orero M, Vázquez J, Hutloff A, Lara-Pezzi E, Arroyo AG. Capillary pruning couples tissue perfusion and oxygenation with cardiomyocyte maturation in the postnatal mouse heart. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1256127. [PMID: 38020883 PMCID: PMC10661946 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1256127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Removal of poorly perfused capillaries by pruning contributes to remodeling the microvasculature to optimize oxygen and nutrient delivery. Blood flow drives this process by promoting the intravascular migration of endothelial cells in developing networks, such as in the yolk sac, zebrafish brain or postnatal mouse retina. Methods: In this study, we have implemented innovative tools to recognize capillary pruning in the complex 3D coronary microvasculature of the postnatal mouse heart. We have also experimentally tested the impact of decreasing pruning on the structure and function of this network by altering blood flow with two different vasodilators: losartan and prazosin. Results: Although both drugs reduced capillary pruning, a combination of experiments based on ex vivo imaging, proteomics, electron microscopy and in vivo functional approaches showed that losartan treatment resulted in an inefficient coronary network, reduced myocardial oxygenation and metabolic changes that delayed the arrest of cardiomyocyte proliferation, in contrast to the effects of prazosin, probably due to its concomitant promotion of capillary expansion. Discussion: Our work demonstrates that capillary pruning contributes to proper maturation and function of the heart and that manipulation of blood flow may be a novel strategy to refine the microvasculature and improve tissue perfusion after damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Santamaría
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Polyxeni Gkontra
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Lab (BCN-AIM), Departament de Matemàtiques i Informàtica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Clemente
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A. López
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Villalba-Orero
- Myocardial Pathology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Hutloff
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- German Rheumatism Research Centre, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrique Lara-Pezzi
- Myocardial Pathology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia G. Arroyo
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Galow AM, Brenmoehl J, Hoeflich A. Synergistic effects of hormones on structural and functional maturation of cardiomyocytes and implications for heart regeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:240. [PMID: 37541969 PMCID: PMC10403476 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The limited endogenous regenerative capacity of the human heart renders cardiovascular diseases a major health threat, thus motivating intense research on in vitro heart cell generation and cell replacement therapies. However, so far, in vitro-generated cardiomyocytes share a rather fetal phenotype, limiting their utility for drug testing and cell-based heart repair. Various strategies to foster cellular maturation provide some success, but fully matured cardiomyocytes are still to be achieved. Today, several hormones are recognized for their effects on cardiomyocyte proliferation, differentiation, and function. Here, we will discuss how the endocrine system impacts cardiomyocyte maturation. After detailing which features characterize a mature phenotype, we will contemplate hormones most promising to induce such a phenotype, the routes of their action, and experimental evidence for their significance in this process. Due to their pleiotropic effects, hormones might be not only valuable to improve in vitro heart cell generation but also beneficial for in vivo heart regeneration. Accordingly, we will also contemplate how the presented hormones might be exploited for hormone-based regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Galow
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Julia Brenmoehl
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoeflich
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
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16
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Huang L, Wang Q, Gu S, Cao N. Integrated metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms in cardiomyocyte proliferation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 181:79-88. [PMID: 37331466 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Heart disease continues to be the leading cause of mortality worldwide, primarily attributed to the restricted regenerative potential of the adult human heart following injury. In contrast to their adult counterparts, many neonatal mammals can spontaneously regenerate their myocardium in the first few days of life via extensive proliferation of the pre-existing cardiomyocytes. Reasons for the decline in regenerative capacity during postnatal development, and how to control it, remain largely unexplored. Accumulated evidence suggests that the preservation of regenerative potential depends on a conducive metabolic state in the embryonic and neonatal heart. Along with the postnatal increase in oxygenation and workload, the mammalian heart undergoes a metabolic transition, shifting its primary metabolic substrate from glucose to fatty acids shortly after birth for energy advantage. This metabolic switch causes cardiomyocyte cell-cycle arrest, which is widely regarded as a key mechanism for the loss of regenerative capacity. Beyond energy provision, emerging studies have suggested a link between this intracellular metabolism dynamics and postnatal epigenetic remodeling of the mammalian heart that reshapes the expression of many genes important for cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration, since many epigenetic enzymes utilize kinds of metabolites as obligate cofactors or substrates. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of metabolism and metabolite-mediated epigenetic modifications in cardiomyocyte proliferation, with a particular focus on highlighting the potential therapeutic targets that hold promise to treat human heart failure via metabolic and epigenetic regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Huang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shanshan Gu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Nan Cao
- Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China.
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17
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Watanabe M, Yano T, Sato T, Umetsu A, Higashide M, Furuhashi M, Ohguro H. mTOR Inhibitors Modulate the Physical Properties of 3D Spheroids Derived from H9c2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11459. [PMID: 37511214 PMCID: PMC10380298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To establish an appropriate in vitro model for the local environment of cardiomyocytes, three-dimensional (3D) spheroids derived from H9c2 cardiomyoblasts were prepared, and their morphological, biophysical phase contrast and biochemical characteristics were evaluated. The 3D H9c2 spheroids were successfully obtained, the sizes of the spheroids decreased, and they became stiffer during 3-4 days. In contrast to the cell multiplication that occurs in conventional 2D planar cell cultures, the 3D H9c2 spheroids developed into a more mature form without any cell multiplication being detected. qPCR analyses of the 3D H9c2 spheroids indicated that the production of collagen4 (COL4) and fibronectin (FN), connexin43 (CX43), β-catenin, N-cadherin, STAT3, and HIF1 molecules had increased and that the production of COL6 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) molecules had decreased as compared to 2D cultured cells. In addition, treatment with rapamycin (Rapa), an mTOR complex (mTORC) 1 inhibitor, and Torin 1, an mTORC1/2 inhibitor, resulted in significantly decreased cell densities of the 2D cultured H9c2 cells, but the size and stiffness of the H9c2 cells within the 3D spheroids were reduced with the gene expressions of several of the above several factors being reduced. The metabolic responses to mTOR modulators were also different between the 2D and 3D cultures. These results suggest that as unique aspects of the local environments of the 3D spheroids, the spontaneous expression of GJ-related molecules and hypoxia within the core may be associated with their maturation, suggesting that this may become a useful in vitro model that replicates the local environment of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.W.); (A.U.); (M.H.)
| | - Toshiyuki Yano
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (T.Y.); (T.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Tatsuya Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (T.Y.); (T.S.); (M.F.)
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Araya Umetsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.W.); (A.U.); (M.H.)
| | - Megumi Higashide
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.W.); (A.U.); (M.H.)
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (T.Y.); (T.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Hiroshi Ohguro
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.W.); (A.U.); (M.H.)
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18
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Edwards W, Greco TM, Miner GE, Barker NK, Herring L, Cohen S, Cristea IM, Conlon FL. Quantitative proteomic profiling identifies global protein network dynamics in murine embryonic heart development. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1087-1105.e4. [PMID: 37148880 PMCID: PMC10330608 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Defining the mechanisms that govern heart development is essential for identifying the etiology of congenital heart disease. Here, quantitative proteomics was used to measure temporal changes in the proteome at critical stages of murine embryonic heart development. Global temporal profiles of the over 7,300 proteins uncovered signature cardiac protein interaction networks that linked protein dynamics with molecular pathways. Using this integrated dataset, we identified and demonstrated a functional role for the mevalonate pathway in regulating the cell cycle of embryonic cardiomyocytes. Overall, our proteomic datasets are a resource for studying events that regulate embryonic heart development and contribute to congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Edwards
- Department of Biology and Genetics, McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 USA
| | - Todd M Greco
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Gregory E Miner
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Natalie K Barker
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laura Herring
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sarah Cohen
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Frank L Conlon
- Department of Biology and Genetics, McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 USA.
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19
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Lu YW, Liang Z, Guo H, Fernandes T, Espinoza-Lewis RA, Wang T, Li K, Li X, Singh GB, Wang Y, Cowan D, Mably JD, Philpott CC, Chen H, Wang DZ. PCBP1 regulates alternative splicing of AARS2 in congenital cardiomyopathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.18.540420. [PMID: 37293078 PMCID: PMC10245752 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.18.540420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alanyl-transfer RNA synthetase 2 (AARS2) is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial tRNA synthetase that is responsible for charging of tRNA-Ala with alanine during mitochondrial translation. Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the Aars2 gene, including those affecting its splicing, are linked to infantile cardiomyopathy in humans. However, how Aars2 regulates heart development, and the underlying molecular mechanism of heart disease remains unknown. Here, we found that poly(rC) binding protein 1 (PCBP1) interacts with the Aars2 transcript to mediate its alternative splicing and is critical for the expression and function of Aars2. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Pcbp1 in mice resulted in defects in heart development that are reminiscent of human congenital cardiac defects, including noncompaction cardiomyopathy and a disruption of the cardiomyocyte maturation trajectory. Loss of Pcbp1 led to an aberrant alternative splicing and a premature termination of Aars2 in cardiomyocytes. Additionally, Aars2 mutant mice with exon-16 skipping recapitulated heart developmental defects observed in Pcbp1 mutant mice. Mechanistically, we found dysregulated gene and protein expression of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in both Pcbp1 and Aars2 mutant hearts; these date provide further evidence that the infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with the disorder oxidative phosphorylation defect type 8 (COXPD8) is mediated by Aars2. Our study therefore identifies Pcbp1 and Aars2 as critical regulators of heart development and provides important molecular insights into the role of disruptions in metabolism on congenital heart defects.
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20
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Singh N, Ren M, Phoon CKL. Why Don’t More Mitochondrial Diseases Exhibit Cardiomyopathy? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10040154. [PMID: 37103033 PMCID: PMC10144188 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10040154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although the heart requires abundant energy, only 20–40% of children with mitochondrial diseases have cardiomyopathies. Methods: We looked for differences in genes underlying mitochondrial diseases that do versus do not cause cardiomyopathy using the comprehensive Mitochondrial Disease Genes Compendium. Mining additional online resources, we further investigated possible energy deficits caused by non-oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes associated with cardiomyopathy, probed the number of amino acids and protein interactors as surrogates for OXPHOS protein cardiac “importance”, and identified mouse models for mitochondrial genes. Results: A total of 107/241 (44%) mitochondrial genes was associated with cardiomyopathy; the highest proportion were OXPHOS genes (46%). OXPHOS (p = 0.001) and fatty acid oxidation (p = 0.009) defects were significantly associated with cardiomyopathy. Notably, 39/58 (67%) non-OXPHOS genes associated with cardiomyopathy were linked to defects in aerobic respiration. Larger OXPHOS proteins were associated with cardiomyopathy (p < 0.05). Mouse models exhibiting cardiomyopathy were found for 52/241 mitochondrial genes, shedding additional insights into biological mechanisms. Conclusions: While energy generation is strongly associated with cardiomyopathy in mitochondrial diseases, many energy generation defects are not linked to cardiomyopathy. The inconsistent link between mitochondrial disease and cardiomyopathy is likely to be multifactorial and includes tissue-specific expression, incomplete clinical data, and genetic background differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Singh
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mindong Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Colin K. L. Phoon
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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21
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Petersen SE, Jensen B, Aung N, Friedrich MG, McMahon CJ, Mohiddin SA, Pignatelli RH, Ricci F, Anderson RH, Bluemke DA. Excessive Trabeculation of the Left Ventricle: JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging Expert Panel Paper. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 16:408-425. [PMID: 36764891 PMCID: PMC9988693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive trabeculation, often referred to as "noncompacted" myocardium, has been described at all ages, from the fetus to the adult. Current evidence for myocardial development, however, does not support the formation of compact myocardium from noncompacted myocardium, nor the arrest of this process to result in so-called noncompaction. Excessive trabeculation is frequently observed by imaging studies in healthy individuals, as well as in association with pregnancy, athletic activity, and with cardiac diseases of inherited, acquired, developmental, or congenital origins. Adults with incidentally noted excessive trabeculation frequently require no further follow-up based on trabecular pattern alone. Patients with cardiomyopathy and excessive trabeculation are managed by cardiovascular symptoms rather than the trabecular pattern. To date, the prognostic role of excessive trabeculation in adults has not been shown to be independent of other myocardial disease. In neonates and children with excessive trabeculation and normal or abnormal function, clinical caution seems warranted because of the reported association with genetic and neuromuscular disorders. This report summarizes the evidence concerning the etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical relevance of excessive trabeculation. Gaps in current knowledge of the clinical relevance of excessive trabeculation are indicated, with priorities suggested for future research and improved diagnosis in adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen E Petersen
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health and Care Research Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Bjarke Jensen
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nay Aung
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health and Care Research Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias G Friedrich
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Colin J McMahon
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Saidi A Mohiddin
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health and Care Research Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo H Pignatelli
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fabrizio Ricci
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Robert H Anderson
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - David A Bluemke
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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22
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Balatskyi VV, Sowka A, Dobrzyn P, Piven OO. WNT/β-catenin pathway is a key regulator of cardiac function and energetic metabolism. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13912. [PMID: 36599355 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The WNT/β-catenin pathway is a master regulator of cardiac development and growth, and its activity is low in healthy adult hearts. However, even this low activity is essential for maintaining normal heart function. Acute activation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling cascade is considered to be cardioprotective after infarction through the upregulation of prosurvival genes and reprogramming of metabolism. Chronically high WNT/β-catenin pathway activity causes profibrotic and hypertrophic effects in the adult heart. New data suggest more complex functions of β-catenin in metabolic maturation of the perinatal heart, establishing an adult pattern of glucose and fatty acid utilization. Additionally, low basal activity of the WNT/β-catenin cascade maintains oxidative metabolism in the adult heart, and this pathway is reactivated by physiological or pathological stimuli to meet the higher energy needs of the heart. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the organization of canonical WNT signaling and its function in cardiogenesis, heart maturation, adult heart function, and remodeling. We also discuss the role of the WNT/β-catenin pathway in cardiac glucose, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr V Balatskyi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Sowka
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oksana O Piven
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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23
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Metabolism-based cardiomyocytes production for regenerative therapy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 176:11-20. [PMID: 36681267 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are currently used in clinical applications such as cardiac regenerative therapy, studying disease models, and drug screening for heart failure. Transplantation of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) can be used as an alternative therapy for heart transplantation. In contrast to differentiated somatic cells, hPSCs possess unique metabolic programs to maintain pluripotency, and understanding their metabolic features can contribute to the development of technologies that can be useful for their clinical applications. The production of hPSC-CMs requires stepwise specification during embryonic development and metabolic regulation is crucial for proper embryonic development. These metabolic features have been applied to hPSC-CM production methods, such as mesoderm induction, specifications for cardiac progenitors, and their maturation. This review describes the metabolic programs in hPSCs and the metabolic regulation in hPSC-CM production for cardiac regenerative therapy.
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24
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Zou J, Wang W, Lu Y, Ayala J, Dong K, Zhou H, Wang J, Chen W, Weintraub NL, Zhou J, Li J, Su H. Neddylation is required for perinatal cardiac development through stimulation of metabolic maturation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112018. [PMID: 36662623 PMCID: PMC10029150 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac maturation is crucial for postnatal cardiac development and is increasingly known to be regulated by a series of transcription factors. However, post-translational mechanisms regulating this process remain unclear. Here we report the indispensable role of neddylation in cardiac maturation. Mosaic deletion of NAE1, an essential enzyme for neddylation, in neonatal hearts results in the rapid development of cardiomyopathy and heart failure. NAE1 deficiency disrupts transverse tubule formation, inhibits physiological hypertrophy, and represses fetal-to-adult isoform switching, thus culminating in cardiomyocyte immaturation. Mechanistically, we find that neddylation is needed for the perinatal metabolic transition from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism in cardiomyocytes. Further, we show that HIF1α is a putative neddylation target and that inhibition of neddylation accumulates HIF1α and impairs fatty acid utilization and bioenergetics in cardiomyocytes. Together, our data show neddylation is required for cardiomyocyte maturation through promoting oxidative metabolism in the developing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiu Zou
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Juan Ayala
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Hongyi Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jinxi Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, CBRB 2270B, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Weiqin Chen
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, CBRB 2270B, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Huabo Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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25
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Martyniak A, Jeż M, Dulak J, Stępniewski J. Adaptation of cardiomyogenesis to the generation and maturation of cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:8-29. [PMID: 36263833 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The advent of methods for efficient generation and cardiac differentiation of pluripotent stem cells opened new avenues for disease modelling, drug testing, and cell therapies of the heart. However, cardiomyocytes (CM) obtained from such cells demonstrate an immature, foetal-like phenotype that involves spontaneous contractions, irregular morphology, expression of embryonic isoforms of sarcomere components, and low level of ion channels. These and other features may affect cellular response to putative therapeutic compounds and the efficient integration into the host myocardium after in vivo delivery. Therefore, novel strategies to increase the maturity of pluripotent stem cell-derived CM are of utmost importance. Several approaches have already been developed relying on molecular changes that occur during foetal and postnatal maturation of the heart, its electromechanical activity, and the cellular composition. As a better understanding of these determinants may facilitate the generation of efficient protocols for in vitro acquisition of an adult-like phenotype by immature CM, this review summarizes the most important molecular factors that govern CM during embryonic development, postnatal changes that trigger heart maturation, as well as protocols that are currently used to generate mature pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Martyniak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Jeż
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Stępniewski
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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26
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Jensen B, Petersen SE, Coolen BF. Myocardial perfusion in excessively trabeculated hearts: Insights from imaging and histological studies. J Cardiol 2022; 81:499-507. [PMID: 36481300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In gestation, the coronary circulation develops initially in the compact layer and it expands only in fetal development to the trabeculations. Conflicting data have been published as to whether the trabecular layer is hypoperfused relative to the compact wall after birth. If so, this could explain the poor pump function in patients with left ventricular excessive trabeculation, or so-called noncompaction. Here, we review direct and indirect assessments of myocardial perfusion in normal and excessively trabeculated hearts by in vivo imaging by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET)/single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and echocardiography in addition to histology, injections of labelled microspheres in animals, and electrocardiography. In MRI, PET/SPECT, and echocardiography, flow of blood or myocardial uptake of blood-borne tracer molecules are measured. The imaged trabecular layer comprises trabeculations and blood-filled intertrabecular spaces whereas the compact layer comprises tissue only, and spatio-temporal resolution likely affects measurements of myocardial perfusion differently in the two layers. Overall, studies measuring myocardial uptake of tracers (PET/SPECT) suggest trabecular hypoperfusion. Studies measuring the quantity of blood (echocardiography and MRI) suggest trabecular hyperperfusion. These conflicting results are reconciled if the low uptake from intertrabecular spaces in PET/SPECT and the high signal from intertrabecular spaces in MRI and echocardiography are considered opposite biases. Histology on human hearts reveal a similar capillary density of trabecular and compact myocardium. Injections of labelled microspheres in animals reveal a similar perfusion of trabecular and compact myocardium. In conclusion, trabecular and compact muscle are likely equally perfused in normal hearts and most cases of excessive trabeculation.
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27
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Peters MC, Maas RGC, van Adrichem I, Doevendans PAM, Mercola M, Šarić T, Buikema JW, van Mil A, Chamuleau SAJ, Sluijter JPG, Hnatiuk AP, Neef K. Metabolic Maturation Increases Susceptibility to Hypoxia-induced Damage in Human iPSC-derived Cardiomyocytes. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1040-1051. [PMID: 36018047 PMCID: PMC9585948 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new cardioprotective approaches using in vivo models of ischemic heart disease remains challenging as differences in cardiac physiology, phenotype, and disease progression between humans and animals influence model validity and prognostic value. Furthermore, economical and ethical considerations have to be taken into account, especially when using large animal models with relevance for conducting preclinical studies. The development of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) has opened new opportunities for in vitro studies on cardioprotective compounds. However, the immature cellular phenotype of iPSC-CMs remains a roadblock for disease modeling. Here, we show that metabolic maturation renders the susceptibility of iPSC-CMs to hypoxia further toward a clinically representative phenotype. iPSC-CMs cultured in a conventional medium did not show significant cell death after exposure to hypoxia. In contrast, metabolically matured (MM) iPSC-CMs showed inhibited mitochondrial respiration after exposure to hypoxia and increased cell death upon increased durations of hypoxia. Furthermore, we confirmed the applicability of MM iPSC-CMs for in vitro studies of hypoxic damage by validating the known cardioprotective effect of necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1. Our results provide important steps to improving and developing valid and predictive human in vitro models of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijn C Peters
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Centre Utrecht, University Medical Centre Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renee G C Maas
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Centre Utrecht, University Medical Centre Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Iris van Adrichem
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Centre Utrecht, University Medical Centre Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter A M Doevendans
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Centre Utrecht, University Medical Centre Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Mercola
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tomo Šarić
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan W Buikema
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Centre Utrecht, University Medical Centre Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alain van Mil
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Centre Utrecht, University Medical Centre Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Steven A J Chamuleau
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Centre Utrecht, University Medical Centre Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC Heart Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Centre Utrecht, University Medical Centre Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna P Hnatiuk
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Klaus Neef
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Centre Utrecht, University Medical Centre Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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28
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Hayat R. Dynamics of metabolism and regulation of epigenetics during cardiomyocytes maturation. Cell Biol Int 2022; 47:30-40. [PMID: 36208083 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Maturation is the last step of heart growth that prepares the organ over the lifetime of the mammal for powerful, effective, and sustained pumping. Structural, gene expression, physiological, and functional specialties of cardiomyocytes describe this mechanism as the heart transits from fetus to adult phases. The main cornerstones of maturation of cardiomyocytes are reviewed and primary regulatory mechanisms are summarized to facilitate and organize these cellular activities. During embryonic development, cardiomyocytes proliferate rigorously but leave the cell cycle permanently immediately after the parturition of the child and experience terminal differentiation. The activation of a host of genes specific for the mature heart is correlated with the exit from the cell cycle. Even when exposed to mitogenic stimuli, the bulk of mature cardiomyocytes do not re-join the cell cycle. The reason for this permanent exit from the cell cycle is shown to be linked with stable switching off of the genes of the cell cycle directly involved in the G2/M transition phase and cytokinesis development. Researchers also trying to explain the molecular mechanism involved in stable inhibition of the gene and described structural changes (epigenetic and chromatin) in this mechanism. Substantial developments in the future with advances in the scientific platforms used for cardiomyocyte maturation research will broaden our understanding of this mechanism and result in better maturation of cardiomyocyte-derived pluripotent stem cells and effective treatment approaches for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Hayat
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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29
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Harnessing conserved signaling and metabolic pathways to enhance the maturation of functional engineered tissues. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:44. [PMID: 36057642 PMCID: PMC9440900 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of induced-pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell types offers promise for basic science, drug testing, disease modeling, personalized medicine, and translatable cell therapies across many tissue types. However, in practice many iPSC-derived cells have presented as immature in physiological function, and despite efforts to recapitulate adult maturity, most have yet to meet the necessary benchmarks for the intended tissues. Here, we summarize the available state of knowledge surrounding the physiological mechanisms underlying cell maturation in several key tissues. Common signaling consolidators, as well as potential synergies between critical signaling pathways are explored. Finally, current practices in physiologically relevant tissue engineering and experimental design are critically examined, with the goal of integrating greater decision paradigms and frameworks towards achieving efficient maturation strategies, which in turn may produce higher-valued iPSC-derived tissues.
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30
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Neffeová K, Olejníčková V, Naňka O, Kolesová H. Development and diseases of the coronary microvasculature and its communication with the myocardium. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1560. [DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Neffeová
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Olejníčková
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Science Prague Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Naňka
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolesová
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Science Prague Czech Republic
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31
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de Wit S, Glen C, de Boer RA, Lang NN. Mechanisms shared between cancer, heart failure, and targeted anti-cancer therapies. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:3451-3466. [PMID: 36004495 PMCID: PMC9897696 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) and cancer are the leading causes of death worldwide and accumulating evidence demonstrates that HF and cancer affect one another in a bidirectional way. Patients with HF are at increased risk for developing cancer, and HF is associated with accelerated tumour growth. The presence of malignancy may induce systemic metabolic, inflammatory, and microbial alterations resulting in impaired cardiac function. In addition to pathophysiologic mechanisms that are shared between cancer and HF, overlaps also exist between pathways required for normal cardiac physiology and for tumour growth. Therefore, these overlaps may also explain the increased risk for cardiotoxicity and HF as a result of targeted anti-cancer therapies. This review provides an overview of mechanisms involved in the bidirectional connection between HF and cancer, specifically focusing upon current 'hot-topics' in these shared mechanisms. It subsequently describes targeted anti-cancer therapies with cardiotoxic potential as a result of overlap between their anti-cancer targets and pathways required for normal cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne de Wit
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Glen
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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32
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Wang Y, Yu M, Hao K, Lei W, Tang M, Hu S. Cardiomyocyte Maturation-the Road is not Obstructed. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2966-2981. [PMID: 35788883 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) represent one of the most promising ways to treat cardiovascular diseases. High-purity cardiomyocytes (CM) from different cell sources could be obtained at present. However, the immature nature of these cardiomyocytes hinders its further clinical application. From immature to mature state, it involves structural, functional, and metabolic changes in cardiomyocytes. Generally, two types of culturing (2D and 3D) systems have been reported to induce cardiomyocyte maturation. 2D culture mainly achieves the maturation of cardiomyocytes through long-term culture, co-culture, supplementation of small molecule compounds, and the application of biophysical cues. The combined use of biomaterial's surface topography and biophysical cues also facilitates the maturation of cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocyte maturation is a complex process involving many signaling pathways, and current methods fail to fully reproduce this process. Therefore, analyzing the signaling pathway network related to the maturation and producing hPSC-CMs with adult-like phenotype is a challenge. In this review, we summarized the structural and functional differences between hPSC-CMs and mature cardiomyocytes, and introduced various methods to induce cardiomyocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Kaili Hao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Shijun Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
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33
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Metabolic Determinants in Cardiomyocyte Function and Heart Regenerative Strategies. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060500. [PMID: 35736435 PMCID: PMC9227827 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. The associated pathology is characterized by a loss of cardiomyocytes that leads, eventually, to heart failure. In this context, several cardiac regenerative strategies have been developed, but they still lack clinical effectiveness. The mammalian neonatal heart is capable of substantial regeneration following injury, but this capacity is lost at postnatal stages when cardiomyocytes become terminally differentiated and transit to the fetal metabolic switch. Cardiomyocytes are metabolically versatile cells capable of using an array of fuel sources, and the metabolism of cardiomyocytes suffers extended reprogramming after injury. Apart from energetic sources, metabolites are emerging regulators of epigenetic programs driving cell pluripotency and differentiation. Thus, understanding the metabolic determinants that regulate cardiomyocyte maturation and function is key for unlocking future metabolic interventions for cardiac regeneration. In this review, we will discuss the emerging role of metabolism and nutrient signaling in cardiomyocyte function and repair, as well as whether exploiting this axis could potentiate current cellular regenerative strategies for the mammalian heart.
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34
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Fagg WS, Liu N, Braunschweig U, Pereira de Castro K, Chen X, Ditmars F, Widen S, Donohue JP, Modis K, Russell W, Fair JH, Weirauch M, Blencowe B, Garcia-Blanco M. Definition of germ layer cell lineage alternative splicing programs reveals a critical role for Quaking in specifying cardiac cell fate. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:5313-5334. [PMID: 35544276 PMCID: PMC9122611 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is critical for development; however, its role in the specification of the three embryonic germ layers is poorly understood. By performing RNA-Seq on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and derived definitive endoderm, cardiac mesoderm, and ectoderm cell lineages, we detect distinct alternative splicing programs associated with each lineage. The most prominent splicing program differences are observed between definitive endoderm and cardiac mesoderm. Integrative multi-omics analyses link each program with lineage-enriched RNA binding protein regulators, and further suggest a widespread role for Quaking (QKI) in the specification of cardiac mesoderm. Remarkably, knockout of QKI disrupts the cardiac mesoderm-associated alternative splicing program and formation of myocytes. These changes arise in part through reduced expression of BIN1 splice variants linked to cardiac development. Mechanistically, we find that QKI represses inclusion of exon 7 in BIN1 pre-mRNA via an exonic ACUAA motif, and this is concomitant with intron removal and cleavage from chromatin. Collectively, our results uncover alternative splicing programs associated with the three germ lineages and demonstrate an important role for QKI in the formation of cardiac mesoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Samuel Fagg
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Naiyou Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | | | | - Xiaoting Chen
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Frederick S Ditmars
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Steven G Widen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - John Paul Donohue
- Sinsheimer Labs, RNA Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Katalin Modis
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - William K Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Fair
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Benjamin J Blencowe
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3E1, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, ONM5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mariano A Garcia-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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35
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Cardio-onco-metabolism: metabolic remodelling in cardiovascular disease and cancer. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:414-425. [PMID: 35440740 PMCID: PMC10112835 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00698-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. The emerging field of cardio-oncology has revealed that these seemingly disparate disease processes are intertwined, owing to the cardiovascular sequelae of anticancer therapies, shared risk factors that predispose individuals to both cardiovascular disease and cancer, as well the possible potentiation of cancer growth by cardiac dysfunction. As a result, interest has increased in understanding the fundamental biological mechanisms that are central to the relationship between cardiovascular disease and cancer. Metabolism, appropriate regulation of energy, energy substrate utilization, and macromolecular synthesis and breakdown are fundamental processes for cellular and organismal survival. In this Review, we explore the emerging data identifying metabolic dysregulation as an important theme in cardio-oncology. We discuss the growing recognition of metabolic reprogramming in cardiovascular disease and cancer and view the novel area of cardio-oncology through the lens of metabolism.
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36
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Wickramasinghe NM, Sachs D, Shewale B, Gonzalez DM, Dhanan-Krishnan P, Torre D, LaMarca E, Raimo S, Dariolli R, Serasinghe MN, Mayourian J, Sebra R, Beaumont K, Iyengar S, French DL, Hansen A, Eschenhagen T, Chipuk JE, Sobie EA, Jacobs A, Akbarian S, Ischiropoulos H, Ma'ayan A, Houten SM, Costa K, Dubois NC. PPARdelta activation induces metabolic and contractile maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:559-576.e7. [PMID: 35325615 PMCID: PMC11072853 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) provide an unprecedented opportunity to study human heart development and disease, but they are functionally and structurally immature. Here, we induce efficient human PSC-CM (hPSC-CM) maturation through metabolic-pathway modulations. Specifically, we find that peroxisome-proliferator-associated receptor (PPAR) signaling regulates glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in an isoform-specific manner. While PPARalpha (PPARa) is the most active isoform in hPSC-CMs, PPARdelta (PPARd) activation efficiently upregulates the gene regulatory networks underlying FAO, increases mitochondrial and peroxisome content, enhances mitochondrial cristae formation, and augments FAO flux. PPARd activation further increases binucleation, enhances myofibril organization, and improves contractility. Transient lactate exposure, which is frequently used for hPSC-CM purification, induces an independent cardiac maturation program but, when combined with PPARd activation, still enhances oxidative metabolism. In summary, we investigate multiple metabolic modifications in hPSC-CMs and identify a role for PPARd signaling in inducing the metabolic switch from glycolysis to FAO in hPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeera M Wickramasinghe
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - David Sachs
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bhavana Shewale
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - David M Gonzalez
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Priyanka Dhanan-Krishnan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Denis Torre
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elizabeth LaMarca
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Serena Raimo
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rafael Dariolli
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Madhavika N Serasinghe
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joshua Mayourian
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kristin Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Srinivas Iyengar
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Deborah L French
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arne Hansen
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | | | - Jerry E Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Eric A Sobie
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adam Jacobs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Schahram Akbarian
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Harry Ischiropoulos
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Avi Ma'ayan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sander M Houten
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kevin Costa
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nicole C Dubois
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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37
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Solmonson A, Faubert B, Gu W, Rao A, Cowdin MA, Menendez-Montes I, Kelekar S, Rogers TJ, Pan C, Guevara G, Tarangelo A, Zacharias LG, Martin-Sandoval MS, Do D, Pachnis P, Dumesnil D, Mathews TP, Tasdogan A, Pham A, Cai L, Zhao Z, Ni M, Cleaver O, Sadek HA, Morrison SJ, DeBerardinis RJ. Compartmentalized metabolism supports midgestation mammalian development. Nature 2022; 604:349-353. [PMID: 35388219 PMCID: PMC9007737 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04557-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian embryogenesis requires rapid growth and proper metabolic regulation1. Midgestation features increasing oxygen and nutrient availability concomitant with fetal organ development2,3. Understanding how metabolism supports development requires approaches to observe metabolism directly in model organisms in utero. Here we used isotope tracing and metabolomics to identify evolving metabolic programmes in the placenta and embryo during midgestation in mice. These tissues differ metabolically throughout midgestation, but we pinpointed gestational days (GD) 10.5-11.5 as a transition period for both placenta and embryo. Isotope tracing revealed differences in carbohydrate metabolism between the tissues and rapid glucose-dependent purine synthesis, especially in the embryo. Glucose's contribution to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle rises throughout midgestation in the embryo but not in the placenta. By GD12.5, compartmentalized metabolic programmes are apparent within the embryo, including different nutrient contributions to the TCA cycle in different organs. To contextualize developmental anomalies associated with Mendelian metabolic defects, we analysed mice deficient in LIPT1, the enzyme that activates 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases related to the TCA cycle4,5. LIPT1 deficiency suppresses TCA cycle metabolism during the GD10.5-GD11.5 transition, perturbs brain, heart and erythrocyte development and leads to embryonic demise by GD11.5. These data document individualized metabolic programmes in developing organs in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Solmonson
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wen Gu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Aparna Rao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mitzy A Cowdin
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Menendez-Montes
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sherwin Kelekar
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas J Rogers
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chunxiao Pan
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gerardo Guevara
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amy Tarangelo
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lauren G Zacharias
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Duyen Do
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Panayotis Pachnis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dennis Dumesnil
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen and German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - An Pham
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Min Ni
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hesham A Sadek
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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38
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Hulikova A, Park KC, Loonat AA, Gunadasa-Rohling M, Curtis MK, Chung YJ, Wilson A, Carr CA, Trafford AW, Fournier M, Moshnikova A, Andreev OA, Reshetnyak YK, Riley PR, Smart N, Milne TA, Crump NT, Swietach P. Alkaline nucleoplasm facilitates contractile gene expression in the mammalian heart. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:17. [PMID: 35357563 PMCID: PMC8971196 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac contractile strength is recognised as being highly pH-sensitive, but less is known about the influence of pH on cardiac gene expression, which may become relevant in response to changes in myocardial metabolism or vascularization during development or disease. We sought evidence for pH-responsive cardiac genes, and a physiological context for this form of transcriptional regulation. pHLIP, a peptide-based reporter of acidity, revealed a non-uniform pH landscape in early-postnatal myocardium, dissipating in later life. pH-responsive differentially expressed genes (pH-DEGs) were identified by transcriptomics of neonatal cardiomyocytes cultured over a range of pH. Enrichment analysis indicated "striated muscle contraction" as a pH-responsive biological process. Label-free proteomics verified fifty-four pH-responsive gene-products, including contractile elements and the adaptor protein CRIP2. Using transcriptional assays, acidity was found to reduce p300/CBP acetylase activity and, its a functional readout, inhibit myocardin, a co-activator of cardiac gene expression. In cultured myocytes, acid-inhibition of p300/CBP reduced H3K27 acetylation, as demonstrated by chromatin immunoprecipitation. H3K27ac levels were more strongly reduced at promoters of acid-downregulated DEGs, implicating an epigenetic mechanism of pH-sensitive gene expression. By tandem cytoplasmic/nuclear pH imaging, the cardiac nucleus was found to exercise a degree of control over its pH through Na+/H+ exchangers at the nuclear envelope. Thus, we describe how extracellular pH signals gain access to the nucleus and regulate the expression of a subset of cardiac genes, notably those coding for contractile proteins and CRIP2. Acting as a proxy of a well-perfused myocardium, alkaline conditions are permissive for expressing genes related to the contractile apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alzbeta Hulikova
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Kyung Chan Park
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Aminah A Loonat
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Mala Gunadasa-Rohling
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - M Kate Curtis
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Yu Jin Chung
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Abigail Wilson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Carolyn A Carr
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Andrew W Trafford
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marjorie Fournier
- Department of Biochemistry, Advanced Proteomics Facility, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Moshnikova
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lippitt Rd, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Oleg A Andreev
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lippitt Rd, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Yana K Reshetnyak
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lippitt Rd, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Paul R Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Nicola Smart
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Thomas A Milne
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas T Crump
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pawel Swietach
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.
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39
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Zhao K, Huang X, Zhao W, Lu B, Yang Z. LONP1-mediated mitochondrial quality control safeguards metabolic shifts in heart development. Development 2022; 149:274587. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The mitochondrial matrix AAA+ Lon protease (LONP1) degrades misfolded or unassembled proteins, which play a pivotal role in mitochondrial quality control. During heart development, a metabolic shift from anaerobic glycolysis to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation takes place, which relies strongly on functional mitochondria. However, the relationship between the mitochondrial quality control machinery and metabolic shifts is elusive. Here, we interfered with mitochondrial quality control by inactivating Lonp1 in murine embryonic cardiac tissue, resulting in severely impaired heart development, leading to embryonic lethality. Mitochondrial swelling, cristae loss and abnormal protein aggregates were evident in the mitochondria of Lonp1-deficient cardiomyocytes. Accordingly, the p-eIF2α-ATF4 pathway was triggered, and nuclear translocation of ATF4 was observed. We further demonstrated that ATF4 regulates the expression of Tfam negatively while promoting that of Glut1, which was responsible for the disruption of the metabolic shift to oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species were observed in Lonp1-deficient cardiomyocytes. This study revealed that LONP1 safeguards metabolic shifts in the developing heart by controlling mitochondrial protein quality, suggesting that disrupted mitochondrial quality control may cause prenatal cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wukui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210093, China
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40
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Janbandhu V, Tallapragada V, Patrick R, Li Y, Abeygunawardena D, Humphreys DT, Martin EM, Ward AO, Contreras O, Farbehi N, Yao E, Du J, Dunwoodie SL, Bursac N, Harvey RP. Hif-1a suppresses ROS-induced proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts following myocardial infarction. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:281-297.e12. [PMID: 34762860 PMCID: PMC9021927 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report that cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and mesenchymal progenitors are more hypoxic than other cardiac interstitial populations, express more hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), and exhibit increased glycolytic metabolism. CF-specific deletion of Hif-1a resulted in decreased HIF-1 target gene expression and increased mesenchymal progenitors in uninjured hearts and increased CF activation without proliferation following sham injury, as demonstrated using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). After myocardial infarction (MI), however, there was ∼50% increased CF proliferation and excessive scarring and contractile dysfunction, a scenario replicated in 3D engineered cardiac microtissues. CF proliferation was associated with higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) as occurred also in wild-type mice treated with the mitochondrial ROS generator MitoParaquat (MitoPQ). The mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant MitoTEMPO rescued Hif-1a mutant phenotypes. Thus, HIF-1α in CFs provides a critical braking mechanism against excessive post-ischemic CF activation and proliferation through regulation of mitochondrial ROS. CFs are potential cellular targets for designer antioxidant therapies in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhao Janbandhu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia,Correspondence: (V.J.), (R.P.H.)
| | - Vikram Tallapragada
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ralph Patrick
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yanzhen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Dhanushi Abeygunawardena
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David T. Humphreys
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Alexander O. Ward
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Osvaldo Contreras
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nona Farbehi
- Garvan Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ernestene Yao
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Junjie Du
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Sally L. Dunwoodie
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA,Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Richard P. Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Lead contact,Correspondence: (V.J.), (R.P.H.)
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41
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Pavez-Giani MG, Cyganek L. Recent Advances in Modeling Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:800529. [PMID: 35083221 PMCID: PMC8784695 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.800529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Around one third of patients with mitochondrial disorders develop a kind of cardiomyopathy. In these cases, severity is quite variable ranging from asymptomatic status to severe manifestations including heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. ATP is primarily generated in the mitochondrial respiratory chain via oxidative phosphorylation by utilizing fatty acids and carbohydrates. Genes in both the nuclear and the mitochondrial DNA encode components of this metabolic route and, although mutations in these genes are extremely rare, the risk to develop cardiac symptoms is significantly higher in this patient cohort. Additionally, infants with cardiovascular compromise in mitochondrial deficiency display a worse late survival compared to patients without cardiac symptoms. At this point, the mechanisms behind cardiac disease progression related to mitochondrial gene mutations are poorly understood and current therapies are unable to substantially restore the cardiac performance and to reduce the disease burden. Therefore, new strategies are needed to uncover the pathophysiological mechanisms and to identify new therapeutic options for mitochondrial cardiomyopathies. Here, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has emerged to provide a suitable patient-specific model system by recapitulating major characteristics of the disease in vitro, as well as to offer a powerful platform for pre-clinical drug development and for the testing of novel therapeutic options. In the present review, we summarize recent advances in iPSC-based disease modeling of mitochondrial cardiomyopathies and explore the patho-mechanistic insights as well as new therapeutic approaches that were uncovered with this experimental platform. Further, we discuss the challenges and limitations of this technology and provide an overview of the latest techniques to promote metabolic and functional maturation of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes that might be necessary for modeling of mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario G Pavez-Giani
- Stem Cell Unit, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Cyganek
- Stem Cell Unit, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells", University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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42
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Mehanna RA, Essawy MM, Barkat MA, Awaad AK, Thabet EH, Hamed HA, Elkafrawy H, Khalil NA, Sallam A, Kholief MA, Ibrahim SS, Mourad GM. Cardiac stem cells: Current knowledge and future prospects. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:1-40. [PMID: 35126826 PMCID: PMC8788183 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is the field concerned with the repair and restoration of the integrity of damaged human tissues as well as whole organs. Since the inception of the field several decades ago, regenerative medicine therapies, namely stem cells, have received significant attention in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Apart from their known potential for differentiation into the various body cells, stem cells enhance the organ's intrinsic regenerative capacity by altering its environment, whether by exogenous injection or introducing their products that modulate endogenous stem cell function and fate for the sake of regeneration. Recently, research in cardiology has highlighted the evidence for the existence of cardiac stem and progenitor cells (CSCs/CPCs). The global burden of cardiovascular diseases’ morbidity and mortality has demanded an in-depth understanding of the biology of CSCs/CPCs aiming at improving the outcome for an innovative therapeutic strategy. This review will discuss the nature of each of the CSCs/CPCs, their environment, their interplay with other cells, and their metabolism. In addition, important issues are tackled concerning the potency of CSCs/CPCs in relation to their secretome for mediating the ability to influence other cells. Moreover, the review will throw the light on the clinical trials and the preclinical studies using CSCs/CPCs and combined therapy for cardiac regeneration. Finally, the novel role of nanotechnology in cardiac regeneration will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Essawy
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Mona A Barkat
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ashraf K Awaad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Eman H Thabet
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Heba A Hamed
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Hagar Elkafrawy
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Nehal A Khalil
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Abeer Sallam
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Kholief
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical toxicology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Samar S Ibrahim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Mourad
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
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Mehanna RA, Essawy MM, Barkat MA, Awaad AK, Thabet EH, Hamed HA, Elkafrawy H, Khalil NA, Sallam A, Kholief MA, Ibrahim SS, Mourad GM. Cardiac stem cells: Current knowledge and future prospects. World J Stem Cells 2022. [PMID: 35126826 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i1.1]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is the field concerned with the repair and restoration of the integrity of damaged human tissues as well as whole organs. Since the inception of the field several decades ago, regenerative medicine therapies, namely stem cells, have received significant attention in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Apart from their known potential for differentiation into the various body cells, stem cells enhance the organ's intrinsic regenerative capacity by altering its environment, whether by exogenous injection or introducing their products that modulate endogenous stem cell function and fate for the sake of regeneration. Recently, research in cardiology has highlighted the evidence for the existence of cardiac stem and progenitor cells (CSCs/CPCs). The global burden of cardiovascular diseases' morbidity and mortality has demanded an in-depth understanding of the biology of CSCs/CPCs aiming at improving the outcome for an innovative therapeutic strategy. This review will discuss the nature of each of the CSCs/CPCs, their environment, their interplay with other cells, and their metabolism. In addition, important issues are tackled concerning the potency of CSCs/CPCs in relation to their secretome for mediating the ability to influence other cells. Moreover, the review will throw the light on the clinical trials and the preclinical studies using CSCs/CPCs and combined therapy for cardiac regeneration. Finally, the novel role of nanotechnology in cardiac regeneration will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Essawy
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Mona A Barkat
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ashraf K Awaad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Eman H Thabet
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Heba A Hamed
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Hagar Elkafrawy
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Nehal A Khalil
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Abeer Sallam
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Kholief
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical toxicology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Samar S Ibrahim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Mourad
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt.
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Sato T, Ichise N, Kobayashi T, Fusagawa H, Yamazaki H, Kudo T, Tohse N. Enhanced glucose metabolism through activation of HIF-1α covers the energy demand in a rat embryonic heart primordium after heartbeat initiation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:74. [PMID: 34996938 PMCID: PMC8741773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The initiation of heartbeat is an essential step in cardiogenesis in the heart primordium, but it remains unclear how intracellular metabolism responds to increased energy demands after heartbeat initiation. In this study, embryos in Wistar rats at embryonic day 10, at which heartbeat begins in rats, were divided into two groups by the heart primordium before and after heartbeat initiation and their metabolic characteristics were assessed. Metabolome analysis revealed that increased levels of ATP, a main product of glucose catabolism, and reduced glutathione, a by-product of the pentose phosphate pathway, were the major determinants in the heart primordium after heartbeat initiation. Glycolytic capacity and ATP synthesis-linked mitochondrial respiration were significantly increased, but subunits in complexes of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation were not upregulated in the heart primordium after heartbeat initiation. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α was activated and a glucose transporter and rate-limiting enzymes of the glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways, which are HIF-1α-downstream targets, were upregulated in the heart primordium after heartbeat initiation. These results suggest that the HIF-1α-mediated enhancement of glycolysis with activation of the pentose phosphate pathway, potentially leading to antioxidant defense and nucleotide biosynthesis, covers the increased energy demand in the beating and developing heart primordium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Sato
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Nobutoshi Ichise
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyori Fusagawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamazaki
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Taiki Kudo
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Noritsugu Tohse
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
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Wang Z, Chen H, Tan Q, Huang J, Zhou S, Luo F, Zhang D, Yang J, Li C, Chen B, Sun X, Kuang L, Jiang W, Ni Z, Wang Q, Chen S, Du X, Chen D, Deng C, Yin L, Chen L, Xie Y. Inhibition of aberrant Hif1α activation delays intervertebral disc degeneration in adult mice. Bone Res 2022; 10:2. [PMID: 34983922 PMCID: PMC8727577 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The intervertebral disc (IVD) is the largest avascular tissue. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play essential roles in regulating cellular adaptation in the IVD under physiological conditions. Disc degeneration disease (DDD) is one of the leading causes of disability, and current therapies are ineffective. This study sought to explore the role of HIFs in DDD pathogenesis in mice. The findings of this study showed that among HIF family members, Hif1α was significantly upregulated in cartilaginous endplate (EP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) tissues from human DDD patients and two mouse models of DDD compared with controls. Conditional deletion of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Vhl in EP and AF tissues of adult mice resulted in upregulated Hif1α expression and age-dependent IVD degeneration. Aberrant Hif1α activation enhanced glycolytic metabolism and suppressed mitochondrial function. On the other hand, genetic ablation of the Hif1α gene delayed DDD pathogenesis in Vhl-deficient mice. Administration of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2), a selective Hif1α inhibitor, attenuated experimental IVD degeneration in mice. The findings of this study show that aberrant Hif1α activation in EP and AF tissues induces pathological changes in DDD, implying that inhibition of aberrant Hif1α activity is a potential therapeutic strategy for DDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuqiang Wang
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Senior Department of Orthopedics, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hangang Chen
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoyan Tan
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junlan Huang
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Siru Zhou
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengtao Luo
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dali Zhang
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Can Li
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianding Sun
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Kuang
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanling Jiang
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenhong Ni
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolan Du
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Chen
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuxia Deng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Liangjun Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yangli Xie
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Ravizzoni Dartora D, Flahault A, Pontes CNR, He Y, Deprez A, Cloutier A, Cagnone G, Gaub P, Altit G, Bigras JL, Joyal JS, Mai Luu T, Burelle Y, Nuyt AM. Cardiac Left Ventricle Mitochondrial Dysfunction After Neonatal Exposure to Hyperoxia: Relevance for Cardiomyopathy After Preterm Birth. Hypertension 2021; 79:575-587. [PMID: 34961326 PMCID: PMC8823906 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Individuals born preterm present left ventricle changes and increased risk of cardiac diseases and heart failure. The pathophysiology of heart disease after preterm birth is incompletely understood. Mitochondria dysfunction is a hallmark of cardiomyopathy resulting in heart failure. We hypothesized that neonatal hyperoxia in rats, a recognized model simulating preterm birth conditions and resulting in oxygen-induced cardiomyopathy, induce left ventricle mitochondrial changes in juvenile rats. We also hypothesized that humanin, a mitochondrial-derived peptide, would be reduced in young adults born preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ravizzoni Dartora
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.)
| | - Adrien Flahault
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.)
| | - Carolina N R Pontes
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Goias, Brazil (C.N.R.P.)
| | - Ying He
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.)
| | - Alyson Deprez
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.)
| | - Anik Cloutier
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.)
| | - Gaël Cagnone
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (G.C., P.G., J.-S.J.)
| | - Perrine Gaub
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (G.C., P.G., J.-S.J.)
| | - Gabriel Altit
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.A.)
| | - Jean-Luc Bigras
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.)
| | - Jean-Sébastien Joyal
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (G.C., P.G., J.-S.J.)
| | - Thuy Mai Luu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.)
| | - Yan Burelle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (Y.B.)
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (D.R.D., A.F., C.N.R.P., Y.H., A.D., A.C., G.C., P.G., J.-L.B., J.-S.J., T.M.L., A.M.N.)
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47
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Menendez-Montes I, Villalba-Orero M, Escobar B, Martin-Puig S. Embryonic echocardiography for assessment of congenital and functional cardiac defects. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100980. [PMID: 34927090 PMCID: PMC8649964 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac function and morphology by mouse fetal echocardiography can be assessed by scanning the uterus extracted from the abdominal cavity (trans-uterine ultrasound) or the womb (trans-abdominal ultrasound). Advantages of trans-abdominal ultrasound include (1) non-invasive longitudinal analysis at different stages, reducing animal use; and (2) maintenance of natural environment, diminishing perturbations on functional parameters, which are more frequent in trans-uterine conditions. Here we describe both approaches, explaining how to identify congenital cardiac defects and defining the correlation between echocardiography findings and histological analysis. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to (Menendez-Montes et al., 2016) and (Menendez-Montes et al., 2021). Detailed protocol of fetal trans-abdominal and trans-uterine ultrasound Measurement of embryonic cardiac structural and functional parameters Identification of congenital cardiac defects by echocardiography Correlation of ultrasound findings with histological analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Menendez-Montes
- Vascular Pathophysiology. National Center for Cardiovascular Research. Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Maria Villalba-Orero
- Vascular Pathophysiology. National Center for Cardiovascular Research. Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Escobar
- Vascular Pathophysiology. National Center for Cardiovascular Research. Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Martin-Puig
- Vascular Pathophysiology. National Center for Cardiovascular Research. Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cardiovascular, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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48
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Arroyo N, Villamayor L, Díaz I, Carmona R, Ramos-Rodríguez M, Muñoz-Chápuli R, Pasquali L, Toscano MG, Martín F, Cano DA, Rojas A. GATA4 induces liver fibrosis regression by deactivating hepatic stellate cells. JCI Insight 2021; 6:150059. [PMID: 34699385 PMCID: PMC8675192 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to liver injury, hepatic stellate cells activate and acquire proliferative and contractile features. The regression of liver fibrosis appears to involve the clearance of activated hepatic stellate cells, either by apoptosis or by reversion toward a quiescent-like state, a process called deactivation. Thus, deactivation of active hepatic stellate cells has emerged as a novel and promising therapeutic approach for liver fibrosis. However, our knowledge of the master regulators involved in the deactivation and/or activation of fibrotic hepatic stellate cells is still limited. The transcription factor GATA4 has been previously shown to play an important role in embryonic hepatic stellate cell quiescence. In this work, we show that lack of GATA4 in adult mice caused hepatic stellate cell activation and, consequently, liver fibrosis. During regression of liver fibrosis, Gata4 was reexpressed in deactivated hepatic stellate cells. Overexpression of Gata4 in hepatic stellate cells promoted liver fibrosis regression in CCl4-treated mice. GATA4 induced changes in the expression of fibrogenic and antifibrogenic genes, promoting hepatic stellate cell deactivation. Finally, we show that GATA4 directly repressed EPAS1 transcription in hepatic stellate cells and that stabilization of the HIF2α protein in hepatic stellate cells leads to liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Arroyo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Laura Villamayor
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Irene Díaz
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rita Carmona
- Universidad de Málaga y Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina, Málaga, Spain.,Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Legal Medicine and History of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Mireia Ramos-Rodríguez
- Endocrine Regulatory Genomics, Department of Experimental & Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lorenzo Pasquali
- Endocrine Regulatory Genomics, Department of Experimental & Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Franz Martín
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - David A Cano
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Anabel Rojas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
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49
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Torregrosa-Carrión R, Piñeiro-Sabarís R, Siguero-Álvarez M, Grego-Bessa J, Luna-Zurita L, Fernandes VS, MacGrogan D, Stainier DYR, de la Pompa JL. Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor Gpr126/Adgrg6 is essential for placental development. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5445. [PMID: 34767447 PMCID: PMC8589310 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the G protein–coupled receptor GPR126/ADGRG6 cause human diseases, including defective peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelination. To study GPR126 function, we generated new genetic mice and zebrafish models. Murine Gpr126 is expressed in developing heart endocardium, and global Gpr126 inactivation is embryonically lethal, with mutants having thin-walled ventricles but unaffected heart patterning or maturation. Endocardial-specific Gpr126 deletion does not affect heart development or function, and transgenic endocardial GPR126 expression fails to rescue lethality in Gpr126-null mice. Zebrafish gpr126 mutants display unaffected heart development. Gpr126 is also expressed in placental trophoblast giant cells. Gpr126-null mice with a heterozygous placenta survive but exhibit GPR126-defective PNS phenotype. In contrast, Gpr126-null embryos with homozygous mutant placenta die but are rescued by placental GPR126 expression. Gpr126-deficient placentas display down-regulation of preeclampsia markers Mmp9, Cts7, and Cts8. We propose that the placenta-heart axis accounts for heart abnormalities secondary to placental defects in Gpr126 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Torregrosa-Carrión
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Piñeiro-Sabarís
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Siguero-Álvarez
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquím Grego-Bessa
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Luna-Zurita
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vitor Samuel Fernandes
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Donal MacGrogan
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Didier Y. R. Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - José Luis de la Pompa
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Corresponding author.
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50
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Yu H, Wang X, Cao H. Construction and investigation of a circRNA-associated ceRNA regulatory network in Tetralogy of Fallot. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:437. [PMID: 34521346 PMCID: PMC8442392 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As the most frequent type of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD), tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) has a relatively poor prognosis without corrective surgery. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a novel class of endogenous noncoding RNAs that regulate target gene expression posttranscriptionally in heart development. Here, we investigated the potential role of the ceRNA network in the pathogenesis of TOF. Methods To identify circRNA expression profiles in TOF, microarrays were used to screen the differentially expressed circRNAs between 3 TOF and 3 control human myocardial tissue samples. Then, a dysregulated circRNA-associated ceRNA network was constructed using the established multistep screening strategy. Results In summary, a total of 276 differentially expressed circRNAs were identified, including 214 upregulated and 62 downregulated circRNAs in TOF samples. By constructing the circRNA-associated ceRNA network based on bioinformatics data, a total of 19 circRNAs, 9 miRNAs, and 34 mRNAs were further screened. Moreover, by enlarging the sample size, the qPCR results validated the positive correlations between hsa_circ_0007798 and HIF1A. Conclusions The findings in this study provide a comprehensive understanding of the ceRNA network involved in TOF biology, such as the hsa_circ_0007798/miR-199b-5p/HIF1A signalling axis, and may offer candidate diagnostic biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for TOF. In addition, we propose that the ceRNA network regulates TOF progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-021-02217-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Yu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primates, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primates, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. .,Medical Research Centre, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primates, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. .,Medical Research Centre, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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