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Zhang L, Ke D, Li Y, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang S, Ni S, Peng B, Zeng H, Hou T, Du Y, Pan P, Yu Y, Chen W. Design and synthesis of 7-membered lactam fused hydroxypyridinones as potent metal binding pharmacophores (MBPs) for inhibiting influenza virus PA N endonuclease. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116639. [PMID: 38964259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Since influenza virus RNA polymerase subunit PAN is a dinuclear Mn2+ dependent endonuclease, metal-binding pharmacophores (MBPs) with Mn2+ coordination has been elucidated as a promising strategy to develop PAN inhibitors for influenza treatment. However, few attentions have been paid to the relationship between the optimal arrangement of the donor atoms in MBPs and anti-influenza A virus (IAV) efficacy. Given that, the privileged hydroxypyridinones fusing a seven-membered lactam ring with diverse side chains, chiral centers or cyclic systems were designed and synthesized. A structure-activity relationship study resulted in a hit compound 16l (IC50 = 2.868 ± 0.063 μM against IAV polymerase), the seven-membered lactam ring of which was fused a pyrrolidine ring. Further optimization of the hydrophobic binding groups on 16l afforded a lead compound (R, S)-16s, which exhibited a 64-fold more potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.045 ± 0.002 μM) toward IAV polymerase. Moreover, (R, S)-16s demonstrated a potent anti-IAV efficacy (EC50 = 0.134 ± 0.093 μM) and weak cytotoxicity (CC50 = 15.35 μM), indicating the high selectivity of (R, S)-16s. Although the lead compound (R, S)-16s exhibited a little weaker activity than baloxavir, these findings illustrated the utility of a metal coordination-based strategy in generating novel MBPs with potent anti-influenza activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Di Ke
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yuting Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321299, China
| | - Sihan Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Shaokai Ni
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Bo Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Huixuan Zeng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yushen Du
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Peichen Pan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yongping Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321299, China; School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Wenteng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321299, China.
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2
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Li R, Han Q, Li X, Liu X, Jiao W. Natural Product-Derived Phytochemicals for Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Prevention and Treatment. Molecules 2024; 29:2371. [PMID: 38792236 PMCID: PMC11124286 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza A (H1N1) viruses are prone to antigenic mutations and are more variable than other influenza viruses. Therefore, they have caused continuous harm to human public health since the pandemic in 2009 and in recent times. Influenza A (H1N1) can be prevented and treated in various ways, such as direct inhibition of the virus and regulation of human immunity. Among antiviral drugs, the use of natural products in treating influenza has a long history, and natural medicine has been widely considered the focus of development programs for new, safe anti-influenza drugs. In this paper, we focus on influenza A (H1N1) and summarize the natural product-derived phytochemicals for influenza A virus (H1N1) prevention and treatment, including marine natural products, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and their derivatives, phenols and their derivatives, polysaccharides, and derivatives of natural products for prevention and treatment of influenza A (H1N1) virus. We further discuss the toxicity and antiviral mechanism against influenza A (H1N1) as well as the druggability of natural products. We hope that this review will facilitate the study of the role of natural products against influenza A (H1N1) activity and provide a promising alternative for further anti-influenza A drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (R.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Qianru Han
- Foreign Language Education Department, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou 450064, China;
| | - Xiaokun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (R.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of China, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Weijie Jiao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (R.L.); (X.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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3
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Ruan J, Lu K, He J, Chen Y, Li B, Wan X, Chen X, Li S, Liu S, Song G. Optimization and biological evaluation of l-DOPA derivatives as potent influenza PA N endonuclease inhibitors with multi-site binding characteristics. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107139. [PMID: 38262086 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Emerging and potential influenza pandemics still are an enormous worldwide public health challenge. The PAN endonuclease has been proved to be a promising target for anti-influenza drug design. Here, we report the discovery and optimization of potent Y-shaped PAN inhibitors featuring multi-site binding characteristics with l-DOPA as a starting point. We systematically modified the hit 1 bearing two-binding characteristics based on structure-based rational design combined with multisite binding and conformational constraint strategies, generating four families of l-DOPA derivatives for SARs analysis. Among these substances, N, 3-di-substituted 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative T-31 displayed superior properties as a lead PAN endonuclease inhibitor and antiviral agent. The lead T-31 inhibited PAN endonuclease activity with an IC50 value of 0.15 μM and showed broad and submicromolar anti-influenza potency in cell-based assays. More importantly, T-31 could simultaneously target both influenza HA and the RdRp complex, thus interfering with virus entry into host cells and viral replication. This study offers a set of novel PAN endonuclease inhibitors with multi-site binding characteristics starting from the l-DOPA skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaai Ruan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kunyu Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianfu He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yihao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baixi Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xin Wan
- Huizhou Health Sciences Polytechnic, Huizhou 516025, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine and Public Hygiene, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Gaopeng Song
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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4
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Jia H, Hu L, Zhang J, Huang X, Jiang Y, Dong G, Liu C, Liu X, Kim M, Zhan P. Recent advances of phenotypic screening strategies in the application of anti-influenza virus drug discovery. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:70-80. [PMID: 38283223 PMCID: PMC10809416 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00513e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Seasonal and pandemic influenza virus infections not only pose a serious threat to human health but also cause tremendous economic losses and social burdens. However, due to the inherent high variability of influenza virus RNA genomes, the existing anti-influenza virus drugs have been frequently faced with the clinical issue of emerging drug-resistant mutants. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop efficient and broad-spectrum antiviral agents against wild-type and drug-resistant mutant strains. Phenotypic screening has been widely employed as a reliable strategy to evaluate antiviral efficacy of novel agents independent of their modes of action, either directly targeting viral proteins or regulating cellular factors involved in the virus life cycle. Here, from the point of view of medicinal chemistry, we review the research progress of phenotypic screening strategies by focusing direct acting antivirals against influenza virus. It could provide scientific insights into discovery of a distinctive class of therapeutic candidates that ensure high efficiency but low cytotoxicity, and address issues from circulation of drug-resistant influenza viruses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huinan Jia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University 44 West Culture Road 250012 Jinan Shandong P.R. China
| | - Lide Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University 44 West Culture Road 250012 Jinan Shandong P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University 44 West Culture Road 250012 Jinan Shandong P.R. China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University 44 West Culture Road 250012 Jinan Shandong P.R. China
| | - Yuanmin Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University 44 West Culture Road 250012 Jinan Shandong P.R. China
| | - Guanyu Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University 44 West Culture Road 250012 Jinan Shandong P.R. China
| | - Chuanfeng Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University 44 West Culture Road 250012 Jinan Shandong P.R. China
- Suzhou Research Institute of Shandong University Room 607, Building B of NUSP, No. 388 Ruoshui Road, SIP Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P.R. China
| | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University 44 West Culture Road 250012 Jinan Shandong P.R. China
| | - Meehyein Kim
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 Korea
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University 44 West Culture Road 250012 Jinan Shandong P.R. China
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Samir A, Elshemey W, Elfiky A. Can de-phosphorylation of serine-5 in the C-terminal domain of human polymerase II affect its interaction with the PA C-terminal domain of bat Flu A polymerase? J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:1-10. [PMID: 36455997 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2152872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Influenza viruses depend on the host transcription machinery to create their new progeny viral mRNA. They need the host transcription machinery to hijack the 5'-capped RNA from the host RNAs in order to utilize them to activate their viral transcription. In this study, we computationally regenerated the interaction between 3 heptad repeats, phosphorylated at the fifth serine residue in each repeat, from human polymerase and the CT D of the PA subunit of viral RNA polymerase (Holo 3SEP). We also studied the effect of the de-phosphorylation of the Serine-5 in the middle heptad repeat on the stability of the interaction (Holo 2SEP). The dynamics of the protein association and the heptad repeat in both cases are studied using appropriate in silico tools. This is followed by applying the MM-GBSA method based on relative binding estimation to show the effect of the de-phosphorylation of the middle Serine-5. Results indicate a clear change in total relative binding energy in Holo 2SEP, compared to Holo 3SEP, with no shift in occupied amino acids involved in the interaction in both cases. Knowing that de-phosphorylation of one serine-5 has no significant contribution to the investigated interactions opens the door for further studies to understand the role of the middle heptad serine-5 in these interactions, as its dephosphorylation caused a decrease by ≈13% in the binding affinity values obtained using MM-GBSA. The current in silico study represents a one-step-ahead insight into the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) mechanism that is yet to be verified in the lab.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Samir
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wael Elshemey
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdo Elfiky
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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6
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Sinha P, Yadav AK. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics and binding free energy based identification of novel potential multitarget inhibitors of Nipah virus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37921740 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2277852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) is one of the most common viral diseases affecting the brain and nervous system of the body. To date, there is no significant antiviral drug specifically designed to inhibit NiV. In the last ten years, there has been a significant increase in interest in multitarget drug development. Therefore, the reported work focuses on designing a multitarget inhibitor for NiV. Among the twelve designed compounds, five exhibited better drug-likeness and ADMET properties, hence being selected for further analysis. In a molecular docking study, these compounds possessed better binding affinity as compared to Favipiravir. The RMSD of these compounds was ≤2Å and the number of H-bonds signified the better stability of the complexes formed. The ΔGbind of C4, C6 and C7 was found to be comparatively higher than the other screened compounds, revealing their greater ability to bind efficiently with NiV-G, NiV-F and NiV-N receptors, respectively. Therefore, based on molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and MM/PBSA analysis, these compounds can act as potential inhibitors of multitargets of NiV.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashasti Sinha
- Department of Physics, School of Physical & Decision Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Yadav
- Department of Physics, School of Physical & Decision Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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7
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Blake ME, Kleinpeter AB, Jureka AS, Petit CM. Structural Investigations of Interactions between the Influenza a Virus NS1 and Host Cellular Proteins. Viruses 2023; 15:2063. [PMID: 37896840 PMCID: PMC10612106 DOI: 10.3390/v15102063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Influenza A virus is a continuous threat to public health that causes yearly epidemics with the ever-present threat of the virus becoming the next pandemic. Due to increasing levels of resistance, several of our previously used antivirals have been rendered useless. There is a strong need for new antivirals that are less likely to be susceptible to mutations. One strategy to achieve this goal is structure-based drug development. By understanding the minute details of protein structure, we can develop antivirals that target the most conserved, crucial regions to yield the highest chances of long-lasting success. One promising IAV target is the virulence protein non-structural protein 1 (NS1). NS1 contributes to pathogenicity through interactions with numerous host proteins, and many of the resulting complexes have been shown to be crucial for virulence. In this review, we cover the NS1-host protein complexes that have been structurally characterized to date. By bringing these structures together in one place, we aim to highlight the strength of this field for drug discovery along with the gaps that remain to be filled.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chad M. Petit
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (M.E.B.)
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De Castro F, Stefàno E, Fanizzi FP, Di Corato R, Abdalla P, Luchetti F, Nasoni MG, Rinaldi R, Magnani M, Benedetti M, Antonelli A. Compatibility of Nucleobases Containing Pt(II) Complexes with Red Blood Cells for Possible Drug Delivery Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:6760. [PMID: 37836603 PMCID: PMC10574024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic advantages of some platinum complexes as major anticancer chemotherapeutic agents and of nucleoside analogue-based compounds as essential antiviral/antitumor drugs are widely recognized. Red blood cells (RBCs) offer a potential new strategy for the targeted release of therapeutic agents due to their biocompatibility, which can protect loaded drugs from inactivation in the blood, thus improving biodistribution. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of loading model nucleobase-containing Pt(II) complexes into human RBCs that were highly stabilized by four N-donors and susceptible to further modification for possible antitumor/antiviral applications. Specifically, platinum-based nucleoside derivatives [PtII(dien)(N7-Guo)]2+, [PtII(dien)(N7-dGuo)]2+, and [PtII(dien)(N7-dGTP)] (dien = diethylenetriamine; Guo = guanosine; dGuo = 2'-deoxy-guanosine; dGTP = 5'-(2'-deoxy)-guanosine-triphosphate) were investigated. These Pt(II) complexes were demonstrated to be stable species suitable for incorporation into RBCs. This result opens avenues for the possible incorporation of other metalated nucleobases analogues, with potential antitumor and/or antiviral activity, into RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica De Castro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Erika Stefàno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Riccardo Di Corato
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010 Arnesano, Italy;
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Pasant Abdalla
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesca Luchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Gemma Nasoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi” Department, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Michele Benedetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Antonella Antonelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
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Ren Y, Wan L, Cao S. A novel compound to overcome influenza drug resistance in endonuclease inhibitors. Mol Divers 2023:10.1007/s11030-023-10659-x. [PMID: 37268742 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10659-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Influenza is a seasonal respiratory illness that kills hundreds of thousands of people every year. Currently, neuraminidase inhibitors and endonuclease inhibitors are used in antiviral therapy. However, both drug types have encountered drug-resistant influenza strains in the human body. Fortunately, there is currently no resistance to endonuclease inhibitors in wild strains of influenza. We obtained the molecules with endonuclease inhibitor activity independent of the existing drug-resistant strains through computer-aided drug design, and we hope the obtained results can lay a theoretical foundation for the development of high-activity endonucleases. Combining a traditional fragment-based drug discovery approach with AI-directed fragment growth, we selected and designed a compound that achieved antiviral activity on drug-resistant strains by avoiding mutable residues and drug-resistant residues. We predicted the related properties using an ADMET model. Finally, we obtained a compound similar to baloxavir in terms of binding free energy but not affected by baloxavir resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Wang S, Ying Z, Huang Y, Li Y, Hu M, Kang K, Wang H, Shao J, Wu G, Yu Y, Du Y, Chen W. Synthesis and structure-activity optimization of 7-azaindoles containing aza-β-amino acids targeting the influenza PB2 subunit. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115185. [PMID: 36773549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The PB2 subunit of influenza virus polymerase has been demonstrated as a promising drug target for anti-influenza therapy. In this work, 7-azaindoles containing aza-β3- or β2,3 -amino acids were synthesized possessing a good binding affinity of PB2. The aza-β-amino acid moieties with diverse size, shape, steric hindrance and configuration were investigated. Then a lead HAA-09 was validated, and the attached aza-β3-amino acid moiety with acyclic tertiary carbon side chain well occupied in the key hydrophobic cavity of PB2_cap binding domain. Importantly, HAA-09 displays potent polymerase inhibition capacity, low cytotoxicity (selectivity index up to 2915) as well as robust anti-viral activity against A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus and oseltamivir-resistant H275Y variant. Moreover, HAA-09 exhibited druggability with high plasma stability (t1/2 ≥ 12 h) and no obvious hERG inhibition (IC50 > 10 μM). Also, HAA-09 demonstrated a favorable safety profile when orally administrated in healthy mice at a high dose of 40 mg/kg QD for consecutive 3 days. Besides, in vivo therapeutic efficacy (85.7% survival observed at the day 15 post infection) was demonstrated when HAA-09 was administrated orally at 12.5 mg/kg BID starting 48 h post infection for 9 days. These data support that exploring the interactions between side chains on aza-β3- or β2,3 -amino acid moieties and hydrophobic pocket of PB2_cap binding domain is a potential medicinal chemistry strategy for developing potent PB2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Zhimin Ying
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Youchun Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Yuting Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Menglong Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Ke Kang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Jiaan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, PR China
| | - Gaoqi Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yongping Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Yushen Du
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
| | - Wenteng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China.
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11
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Liao Y, Ye Y, Liu M, Liu Z, Wang J, Li B, Huo L, Zhuang Y, Chen L, Chen J, Gao Y, Ning X, Li S, Liu S, Song G. Identification of N- and C-3-Modified Laudanosoline Derivatives as Novel Influenza PA N Endonuclease Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2023; 66:188-219. [PMID: 36521178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Influenza PAN inhibitors are of particular importance in current efforts to develop a new generation of antiviral drugs due to the growing emergence of highly pathogenic influenza viruses and the resistance to existing antiviral inhibitors. Herein, we design and synthesize a set of 1,3-cis-N-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives to enhance their potency by further exploiting the pockets 3 and 4 in the PAN endonuclease based on the hit d,l-laudanosoline. Particularly, the lead compound 35 exhibited potent and broad anti-influenza virus effects with EC50 values ranging from 0.43 to 1.12 μM in vitro and good inhibitory activity in a mouse model. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that 35 could bind tightly to the PAN endonuclease of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thus blocking the viral replication to exert antiviral activity. Overall, our study might establish the importance of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol-based derivatives for the development of novel PAN inhibitors of influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Liao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yilu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mingjian Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinshen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Baixi Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lijian Huo
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yilian Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liye Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ning
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Sumei Li
- College of Basic Medicine and Public Hygiene, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Gaopeng Song
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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12
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Radilová K, Zima V, Kráľ M, Machara A, Majer P, Hodek J, Weber J, Brynda J, Strmeň T, Konvalinka J, Kožíšek M. Thermodynamic and structural characterization of an optimized peptide-based inhibitor of the influenza polymerase PA-PB1 subunit interaction. Antiviral Res 2022; 208:105449. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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13
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Murali M, Gowtham HG, Ansari MA, Alomary MN, Alghamdi S, Almehmadi M, Singh SB, Shilpa N, Aiyaz M, Kalegowda N, Ledesma AE, Amruthesh KN. Repositioning therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2: Virtual screening of plant-based Anti-HIV compounds as possible inhibitors against COVID-19 viral RdRp. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:969-980. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220428120939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic with a high mortality rate and infecting people worldwide. The COVID-19 vaccines that are currently in development or already approved are expected to provide at least some protection against the emerging variants of the virus but the mutations may reduce the efficacy of the existing vaccines. Purified phytochemicals from medicinal plants provide a helpful framework for discovering new therapeutic leads as they have long been employed in traditional medicine to treat many disorders.
Objective:
The objectives of the study are to exploit the anti-HIV bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) through molecular docking studies and perform the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) properties of potential compounds.
Methods:
Molecular docking was performed to study the interaction of ligands with the target sites of RdRp protein (PDB: 6M71) using AutoDock Vina. The ADMET properties of potential compounds were predicted using the pkCSM platform.
Results:
A total of 151 phytochemicals derived from the medicinal plants with recognized antiviral activity and 18 anti-HIV drugs were virtually screened against COVID-19 viral RdRp to identify putative inhibitors that facilitate the development of potential anti-COVID-19 drug candidates. The computational studies identified 34 compounds and three drugs inhibiting viral RdRp with binding energies ranging from -10.2 to -8.5 kcal/ mol. Among these, five compounds, namely Michellamine B, Quercetin 3-O-(2'',6''-digalloyl)-beta-D-galactopyranoside, Corilagin, Hypericin, and 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose residues bound efficiently with the binding site of RdRp. Besides, Lopinavir, Maraviroc, and Remdesivir drugs also inhibited SARS-CoV-2 polymerase. In addition, the ADMET properties of top potential compounds were also predicted in comparison to the drugs.
Conclusion:
The present study suggested that these potential drug candidates can be further subjected to in vitro and in vivo studies that may help develop effective anti-COVID-19 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institutes for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad N. Alomary
- National Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sudarshana Brijesh Singh
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Natarajamurthy Shilpa
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed Aiyaz
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Nataraj Kalegowda
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Ana E. Ledesma
- Centro De Investigaciónen Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (CIBAAL-UNSE-CONICET), FCEyT, RN 9, km 1125, CP 4206 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Kestur Nagaraj Amruthesh
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, Karnataka, India
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14
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Hou L, Zhang Y, Ju H, Cherukupalli S, Jia R, Zhang J, Huang B, Loregian A, Liu X, Zhan P. Contemporary medicinal chemistry strategies for the discovery and optimization of influenza inhibitors targeting vRNP constituent proteins. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1805-1824. [PMID: 35847499 PMCID: PMC9279641 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza virus, affecting people globally and causing significant social and economic losses. Due to the inevitable limitations of vaccines and approved drugs, there is an urgent need to discover new anti-influenza drugs with different mechanisms. The viral ribonucleoprotein complex (vRNP) plays an essential role in the life cycle of influenza viruses, representing an attractive target for drug design. In recent years, the functional area of constituent proteins in vRNP are widely used as targets for drug discovery, especially the PA endonuclease active site, the RNA-binding site of PB1, the cap-binding site of PB2 and the nuclear export signal of NP protein. Encouragingly, the PA inhibitor baloxavir has been marketed in Japan and the United States, and several drug candidates have also entered clinical trials, such as favipiravir. This article reviews the compositions and functions of the influenza virus vRNP and the research progress on vRNP inhibitors, and discusses the representative drug discovery and optimization strategies pursued.
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15
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Lin S, Liu C, Zhao X, Han X, Li X, Ye Y, Li Z. Recent Advances of Pyridinone in Medicinal Chemistry. Front Chem 2022; 10:869860. [PMID: 35402370 PMCID: PMC8984125 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.869860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridinones have been adopted as an important block in medicinal chemistry that could serve as hydrogen bond donors and acceptors. With the help of feasible synthesis routes via established condensation reactions, the physicochemical properties of such a scaffold could be manipulated by adjustment of polarity, lipophilicity, and hydrogen bonding, and eventually lead to its wide application in fragment-based drug design, biomolecular mimetics, and kinase hinge-binding motifs. In addition, most pyridinone derivatives exhibit various biological activities ranging from antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulant to cardiotonic effects. This review focuses on recent contributions of pyridinone cores to medicinal chemistry, and addresses the structural features and structure–activity relationships (SARs) of each drug-like molecule. These advancements contribute to an in-depth understanding of the potential of this biologically enriched scaffold and expedite the development of its new applications in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shibo Lin,
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuanhao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongqin Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheyu Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Chen W, Shao J, Ying Z, Du Y, Yu Y. Approaches for discovery of small-molecular antivirals targeting to influenza A virus PB2 subunit. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:1545-1553. [PMID: 35247593 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, leading to huge morbidity and mortality in humans worldwide. Despite the availability of antivirals in the clinic, the emergence of resistant strains calls for antivirals with novel mechanisms of action. The PB2 subunit of the influenza A virus polymerase is a promising target because of its vital role in the 'cap-snatching' mechanism. In this review, we summarize the technologies and medicinal chemistry strategies for hit identification, hit-to-lead and lead-to-candidate optimization, and current challenges in PB2 inhibitor development, as well as offering insights for the fight against drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenteng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jiaan Shao
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Zhimin Ying
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yushen Du
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China(1)
| | - Yongping Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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17
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Liu X, Liang J, Yu Y, Han X, Yu L, Chen F, Xu Z, Chen Q, Jin M, Dong C, Zhou HB, Lan K, Wu S. Discovery of Aryl Benzoyl Hydrazide Derivatives as Novel Potent Broad-Spectrum Inhibitors of Influenza A Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRp). J Med Chem 2022; 65:3814-3832. [PMID: 35212527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses possess a high antigenic shift, and the approved anti-influenza drugs are extremely limited, which makes the development of novel anti-influenza drugs for the clinical treatment and prevention of influenza outbreaks imperative. Herein, we report a series of novel aryl benzoyl hydrazide analogs as potent anti-influenza agents. Particularly, analogs 10b, 10c, 10g, 11p, and 11q exhibited potent inhibitory activity against the avian H5N1 flu strain with EC50 values ranging from 0.009 to 0.034 μM. Moreover, compound 11q exhibited nanomolar antiviral effects against both the H1N1 virus and Flu B virus and possessed good oral bioavailability and inhibitory activity against influenza A virus in a mouse model. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested that these compounds exert anti-influenza virus effects mainly by interacting with the PB1 subunit of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). These results revealed that 11q has the potential to become a potent clinical candidate to combat seasonal influenza and influenza pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jinsen Liang
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yongshi Yu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xin Han
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Mengyu Jin
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chune Dong
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hai-Bing Zhou
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ke Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shuwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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18
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Xu L, Zhao L, Che J, Zhang Q, Cao R, Li X. Identification of novel influenza polymerase PB2 inhibitors using virtual screening approach and molecular dynamics simulation analysis of active compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 52:116515. [PMID: 34839161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hierarchical virtual screening combined with ADME prediction and cluster analysis methods were used to identify influenza virus PB2 inhibitors with high activity, good druggability properties, and diverse structures. The 200,000 molecules in the ChemDiv core library were narrowed down to a final set of 97 molecules, of which six compounds were found to rescue cells from both H1N1 and H3N2 virus-induced CPE with EC50 values ranging from 5.81 μM to 42.77 μM, and could bind to the PB2 CBD of H1N1, with Kd values of 0.11 μM to 6.4 μM. The six compounds have novel structures and low molecular weight and are, thus, suitable serve as lead compounds for development as PB2 inhibitors. A receptor-based pharmacophore model was successfully constructed using key amino acid residues for the binding of inhibitors to PB2, provided by the MD simulations. This pharmacophore model suggested that to improve the activity of our active compounds, we should mainly focus on optimizing their existing structures with the aim of increasing their adaptability to the binding site, rather than adding chemical fragments to increase their binding to adjacent sites. This pharmacophore construction method facilitates the creation of a reasonable pharmacophore model without the need to fully understand the structure-activity relationships, and our descriptions provide a useful reference for similar research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jinjing Che
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ruiyuan Cao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Xingzhou Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
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19
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Meng X, Wang Y. Drug Repurposing for Influenza Virus Polymerase Acidic (PA) Endonuclease Inhibitor. Molecules 2021; 26:7326. [PMID: 34885905 PMCID: PMC8659148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing can quickly and effectively identify novel drug repurposing opportunities. The PA endonuclease catalytic site has recently become regarded as an attractive target for the screening of anti-influenza drugs. PA N-terminal (PAN) inhibitor can inhibit the entire PA endonuclease activity. In this study, we screened the effectivity of PAN inhibitors from the FDA database through in silico methods and in vitro experiments. PAN and mutant PAN-I38T were chosen as virtual screening targets for overcoming drug resistance. Gel-based PA endonuclease analysis determined that the drug lifitegrast can effectively inhibit PAN and PAN-I38T, when the IC50 is 32.82 ± 1.34 μM and 26.81 ± 1.2 μM, respectively. Molecular docking calculation showed that lifitegrast interacted with the residues around PA or PA-I38 T's active site, occupying the catalytic site pocket. Both PAN/PAN-I38T and lifitegrast can acquire good equilibrium in 100 ns molecular dynamic simulation. Because of these properties, lifitegrast, which can effectively inhibit PA endonuclease activity, was screened through in silico and in vitro research. This new research will be of significance in developing more effective and selective drugs for anti-influenza therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Meng
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China;
- School of Life Science, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Ye Wang
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China;
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20
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Zong K, Xu L, Hou Y, Zhang Q, Che J, Zhao L, Li X. Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of Influenza Polymerase PB2 Inhibitors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226944. [PMID: 34834044 PMCID: PMC8623395 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus is the main cause of worldwide epidemics and annual influenza outbreaks in humans. In this study, a virtual screen was performed to identify compounds that interact with the PB2 cap-binding domain (CBD) of influenza A polymerase. A virtual screening workflow based on Glide docking was used to screen an internal database containing 8417 molecules, and then the output compounds were selected based on solubility, absorbance, and structural fingerprints. Of the 16 compounds selected for biological evaluation, six compounds were identified that rescued cells from H1N1 virus-mediated death at non-cytotoxic concentrations, with EC50 values ranging from 2.5–55.43 μM, and that could bind to the PB2 CBD of H1N1, with Kd values ranging from 0.081–1.53 μM. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the docking complexes of our active compounds revealed that each compound had its own binding characteristics that differed from those of VX-787. Our active compounds have novel structures and unique binding modes with PB2 proteins, and are suitable to serve as lead compounds for the development of PB2 inhibitors. An analysis of the MD simulation also helped us to identify the dominant amino acid residues that play a key role in binding the ligand to PB2, suggesting that we should focus on increasing and enhancing the interaction between inhibitors and these major amino acids during lead compound optimization to obtain more active PB2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keli Zong
- Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, China;
| | - Lei Xu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China;
| | - Yuxin Hou
- Tianjin Children Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjing 300074, China;
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (J.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); Tel.: +86-21-51980119 (Q.Z.); +86-10-66930633 (J.C.); +86-10-66930673-717 (L.Z.); +86-10-66930634 (X.L.)
| | - Jinjing Che
- Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (J.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); Tel.: +86-21-51980119 (Q.Z.); +86-10-66930633 (J.C.); +86-10-66930673-717 (L.Z.); +86-10-66930634 (X.L.)
| | - Lei Zhao
- Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (J.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); Tel.: +86-21-51980119 (Q.Z.); +86-10-66930633 (J.C.); +86-10-66930673-717 (L.Z.); +86-10-66930634 (X.L.)
| | - Xingzhou Li
- Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (J.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); Tel.: +86-21-51980119 (Q.Z.); +86-10-66930633 (J.C.); +86-10-66930673-717 (L.Z.); +86-10-66930634 (X.L.)
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21
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Horikawa M, Kakiuchi Y, Kashima D, Ogawa K, Kawahara M. Thrombopoietin receptor-based protein-protein interaction screening (THROPPIS). Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:287-298. [PMID: 34708875 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are involved in many cellular events, development of mammalian cytosolic PPI detection systems is important for drug discovery as well as understanding biological phenomena. We have previously reported a c-kit-based PPI screening (KIPPIS) system, in which proteins of interest were fused with a receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit, leading to intracellular PPI-dependent cell growth. However, it has not been investigated whether PPI can be detected using other receptors. In this study, we employed a thrombopoietin receptor, which belongs to the Type I cytokine receptor family, to develop a thrombopoietin receptor-based PPI screening (THROPPIS) system. To improve the sensitivity of THROPPIS, we examined two strategies of (i) localization of the chimeric receptors on the cell membrane, and (ii) addition of a helper module to the chimeric receptors. Intriguingly, the nonlocalized chimeric receptor showed the best performance of THROPPIS. Furthermore, the addition of the helper module dramatically improved the detection sensitivity. In total, 5 peptide-domain interactions were detected successfully, demonstrating the versatility of THROPPIS. In addition, a peptide-domain interaction was detected even when insulin receptor or epidermal growth factor receptor was used as a signaling domain, demonstrating that this PPI detection system can be extended to other receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Horikawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kakiuchi
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Kashima
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Cell Vaccine, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, Japan
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22
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Liu Z, Gu S, Zhu X, Liu M, Cao Z, Qiu P, Li S, Liu S, Song G. Discovery and optimization of new 6, 7-dihydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives as potent influenza virus PA N inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 227:113929. [PMID: 34700269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Annual unpredictable efficacy of vaccines, coupled with emerging drug resistance, underlines the development of new antiviral drugs to treat influenza infections. The N-terminal domain of the PA (PAN) endonuclease is both highly conserved across influenza strains and serotypes and is indispensable for the viral lifecycle, making it an attractive target for new antiviral therapies. Here, we describe the discovery of a new class of PAN inhibitors derived from recently identified, highly active hits for PAN endonuclease inhibition. By use of structure-guided design and systematic SAR exploration, the hits were elaborated through a fragment growing strategy, giving rise to a series of 1, 3-cis-2-substituted-1-(3, 4-dihydroxybenzyl)-6, 7-dihydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives as potent PAN inhibitors. This approach ultimately resulted in the development of a new lead compound 13e, which exhibited an EC50 value of 4.50 μM against H1N1 influenza virus in MDCK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shuyin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Mingjian Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenqing Cao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Pengsen Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Shuwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Gaopeng Song
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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23
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Giacchello I, Musumeci F, D'Agostino I, Greco C, Grossi G, Schenone S. Insights into RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors as Antiinfluenza Virus Agents. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1068-1090. [PMID: 31942843 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200114115632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza is a seasonal disease that affects millions of people every year and has a significant economic impact. Vaccines are the best strategy to fight this viral pathology, but they are not always available or administrable, prompting the search for antiviral drugs. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) recently emerged as a promising target because of its key role in viral replication and its high conservation among viral strains. DISCUSSION This review presents an overview of the most interesting RdRp inhibitors that have been discussed in the literature since 2000. Compounds already approved or in clinical trials and a selection of inhibitors endowed with different scaffolds are described, along with the main features responsible for their activity. RESULTS RdRp inhibitors are emerging as a new strategy to fight viral infections and the importance of this class of drugs has been confirmed by the FDA approval of baloxavir marboxil in 2018. Despite the complexity of the RdRp machine makes the identification of new compounds a challenging research topic, it is likely that in the coming years, this field will attract the interest of a number of academic and industrial scientists because of the potential strength of this therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Giacchello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Ilaria D'Agostino
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Greco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Grossi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Schenone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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24
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Kumar R, Mishra S, Shreya, Maurya SK. Recent advances in the discovery of potent RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors targeting viruses. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:306-320. [PMID: 34046618 PMCID: PMC8130609 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00318b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
WHO has declared COVID-19 a pandemic, which has affected the whole world and has caused unprecedented social and economic disruption. Since the emergence of the disease, several druggable targets have been suggested including 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), spike, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and the papain-like protease (PLpro) computational approach. From the beginning, viral replication has been the main focus for any antiviral drug development for viral diseases, including HCV, influenza virus, zika virus, norovirus, measles, dengue virus, and coronaviruses. This review lists the nucleoside, nucleotide, and non-nucleoside RdRp inhibitor analogues of various viral diseases that may be evaluated for drug development to treat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh-176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-HRDC Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 201 002 India
| | - Sahil Mishra
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh-176 061 India
| | - Shreya
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh-176 061 India
| | - Sushil K Maurya
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh-176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-HRDC Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 201 002 India
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25
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Gansukh E, Nile A, Kim DH, Oh JW, Nile SH. New insights into antiviral and cytotoxic potential of quercetin and its derivatives - A biochemical perspective. Food Chem 2021; 334:127508. [PMID: 32711265 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin, a potential polyphenolic which possesses several biological effects. The influenza virus polymerase basic 2 (PB2) subunit of RNA polymerase responsible for replication, degree of virus conservation and active target site for designing specific antivirals. The quercetin derivatives downloaded from PubChem were screened using PyRX software configured with Vina Wizard, targeted on cap-binding site of the PB2 of influenza viral RNA polymerase. Among the PubChem library (total 97,585,747 compounds), 410 quercetin derivatives were screened using molecular docking (affinity: <-9.0 kcal) for their drug-likeness and in vitro cytopathic effect by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Among all quercetin derivatives, quercetin 3'-glucuronide (Q3G) showed strongest binding affinity towards cap-binding site of the PB2 subunit with -9.6 kcal of binding affinity and 0.00054 mM of Ki value, while quercetin 3'-glucuronide (Q7G) was presented highest anti-influenza activity with 2.10 ± 0.05 of IC50 on influenza A/PR/8/34 virus and non-cytotoxic effect as CC50 > 100 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhtaivan Gansukh
- Department of Bio-resources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143701, South Korea; Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Huree University, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Arti Nile
- Department of Bio-resources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143701, South Korea
| | - Doo Hwan Kim
- Department of Bio-resources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143701, South Korea
| | - Jae Wook Oh
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Department of Bio-resources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143701, South Korea; Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China.
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26
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Terrier O, Slama-Schwok A. Anti-Influenza Drug Discovery and Development: Targeting the Virus and Its Host by All Possible Means. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1322:195-218. [PMID: 34258742 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0267-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Infections by influenza virus constitute a major and recurrent threat for human health. Together with vaccines, antiviral drugs play a key role in the prevention and treatment of influenza virus infection and disease. Today, the number of antiviral molecules approved for the treatment of influenza is relatively limited, and their use is threatened by the emergence of viral strains with resistance mutations. There is therefore a real need to expand the prophylactic and therapeutic arsenal. This chapter summarizes the state of the art in drug discovery and development for the treatment of influenza virus infections, with a focus on both virus-targeting and host cell-targeting strategies. Novel antiviral strategies targeting other viral proteins or targeting the host cell, some of which are based on drug repurposing, may be used in combination to strengthen our therapeutic arsenal against this major pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Terrier
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, (Team VirPath), Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Anny Slama-Schwok
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM U938, Biologie et Thérapeutique du Cancer, Paris, France.
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27
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Picarazzi F, Vicenti I, Saladini F, Zazzi M, Mori M. Targeting the RdRp of Emerging RNA Viruses: The Structure-Based Drug Design Challenge. Molecules 2020; 25:E5695. [PMID: 33287144 PMCID: PMC7730706 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is an essential enzyme for the viral replication process, catalyzing the viral RNA synthesis using a metal ion-dependent mechanism. In recent years, RdRp has emerged as an optimal target for the development of antiviral drugs, as demonstrated by recent approvals of sofosbuvir and remdesivir against Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), respectively. In this work, we overview the main sequence and structural features of the RdRp of emerging RNA viruses such as Coronaviruses, Flaviviruses, and HCV, as well as inhibition strategies implemented so far. While analyzing the structural information available on the RdRp of emerging RNA viruses, we provide examples of success stories such as for HCV and SARS-CoV-2. In contrast, Flaviviruses' story has raised attention about how the lack of structural details on catalytically-competent or ligand-bound RdRp strongly hampers the application of structure-based drug design, either in repurposing and conventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Picarazzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018–2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Vicenti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (I.V.); (F.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Francesco Saladini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (I.V.); (F.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Maurizio Zazzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (I.V.); (F.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mattia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018–2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
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28
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structural characterization of the interaction between the C-terminal domain of the influenza polymerase PA subunit and an optimized small peptide inhibitor. Antiviral Res 2020; 185:104971. [PMID: 33166574 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Influenza viruses can cause severe respiratory infections in humans, leading to nearly half a million deaths worldwide each year. Improved antiviral drugs are needed to address the threat of development of novel pandemic strains. Current therapeutic interventions target three key proteins in the viral life cycle: neuraminidase, the M2 channel and RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase. Protein-protein interactions between influenza polymerase subunits are potential new targets for drug development. Using a newly developed assay based on AlphaScreen technology, we screened a peptide panel for protein-protein interaction inhibitors to identify a minimal PB1 subunit-derived peptide that retains high inhibition potential and can be further modified. Here, we present an X-ray structure of the resulting decapeptide bound to the C-terminal domain of PA polymerase subunit from pandemic isolate A/California/07/2009 H1N1 at 1.6 Å resolution and discuss its implications for the design of specific, potent influenza polymerase inhibitors.
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29
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Pinheiro S, Pinheiro EMC, Muri EMF, Pessôa JC, Cadorini MA, Greco SJ. Biological activities of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and analogs. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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30
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Wang Y, Anirudhan V, Du R, Cui Q, Rong L. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2 as a therapeutic target. J Med Virol 2020; 93:300-310. [PMID: 32633831 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), named coronavirus disease 2019, has infected more than 8.9 million people worldwide. This calls for urgent effective therapeutic measures. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity in viral transcription and replication has been recognized as an attractive target to design novel antiviral strategies. Although SARS-CoV-2 shares less genetic similarity with SARS-CoV (~79%) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (~50%), the respective RdRps of the three coronaviruses are highly conserved, suggesting that RdRp is a good broad-spectrum antiviral target for coronaviruses. In this review, we discuss the antiviral potential of RdRp inhibitors (mainly nucleoside analogs) with an aim to provide a comprehensive account of drug discovery on SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Varada Anirudhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ruikun Du
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Antiviral Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Antiviral Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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31
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Sun X, Zhang L, Cao Y, Li J, Atanasov AG, Huang L. Anti-neuraminidase activity of chemical constituents of Balanophora involucrata. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4949. [PMID: 32678491 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Balanophora involucrata J. D. Hooker has been known to possess potential anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities; however, its antiviral activity has not been evaluated so far. In order to find new neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), the neuraminidase (NA) inhibition activity of different B. involucrata extracts was evaluated. In this study, an in vitro NA inhibition assay was performed to identify which extract of B. involucrata exhibits (maximal) inhibitory activity against NA. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight-tandem mass spectroscopy (MS/MS) and molecular docking techniques were used to identify the specific compounds responsible for the anti-influenza activity of the extract, and to explore the potential natural NAIs. The ethyl acetate extract of B. involucrata exhibited significant inhibitory activity against NA with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) value of 159.5 μg/mL. Twenty compounds were identified according to the MS/MS spectra; among them two compounds (quercitrin and phloridzin) showed obvious inhibitory activity against NA, with IC50 of 311.76 and 347.32 μmol/L, respectively. This study suggested that B. involucrata can be a potential natural source of NAIs and may be useful in the fight against ferocious influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Key Research Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Research Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Key Research Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Linfang Huang
- Key Research Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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32
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Patent highlights December 2019-January 2020. Pharm Pat Anal 2020; 9:67-74. [PMID: 32539539 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A snapshot of noteworthy recent developments in the patent literature of relevance to pharmaceutical and medical research and development.
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33
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Abd Raman HS, Tan S, August JT, Khan AM. Dynamics of Influenza A (H5N1) virus protein sequence diversity. PeerJ 2020; 7:e7954. [PMID: 32518710 PMCID: PMC7261124 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza A (H5N1) virus is a global concern with potential as a pandemic threat. High sequence variability of influenza A viruses is a major challenge for effective vaccine design. A continuing goal towards this is a greater understanding of influenza A (H5N1) proteome sequence diversity in the context of the immune system (antigenic diversity), the dynamics of mutation, and effective strategies to overcome the diversity for vaccine design. Methods Herein, we report a comprehensive study of the dynamics of H5N1 mutations by analysis of the aligned overlapping nonamer positions (1–9, 2–10, etc.) of more than 13,000 protein sequences of avian and human influenza A (H5N1) viruses, reported over at least 50 years. Entropy calculations were performed on 9,408 overlapping nonamer position of the proteome to study the diversity in the context of immune system. The nonamers represent the predominant length of the binding cores for peptides recognized by the cellular immune system. To further dissect the sequence diversity, each overlapping nonamer position was quantitatively analyzed for four patterns of sequence diversity motifs: index, major, minor and unique. Results Almost all of the aligned overlapping nonamer positions of each viral proteome exhibited variants (major, minor, and unique) to the predominant index sequence. Each variant motif displayed a characteristic pattern of incidence change in relation to increased total variants. The major variant exhibited a restrictive pyramidal incidence pattern, with peak incidence at 50% total variants. Post this peak incidence, the minor variants became the predominant motif for majority of the positions. Unique variants, each sequence observed only once, were present at nearly all of the nonamer positions. The diversity motifs (index and variants) demonstrated complex inter-relationships, with motif switching being a common phenomenon. Additionally, 25 highly conserved sequences were identified to be shared across viruses of both hosts, with half conserved to several other influenza A subtypes. Discussion The presence of distinct sequences (nonatypes) at nearly all nonamer positions represents a large repertoire of reported viral variants in the proteome, which influence the variability dynamics of the viral population. This work elucidated and provided important insights on the components that make up the viral diversity, delineating inherent patterns in the organization of sequence changes that function in the viral fitness-selection. Additionally, it provides a catalogue of all the mutational changes involved in the dynamics of H5N1 viral diversity for both avian and human host populations. This work provides data relevant for the design of prophylactics and therapeutics that overcome the diversity of the virus, and can aid in the surveillance of existing and future strains of influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swan Tan
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute for Immunology and Informatics, University of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Joseph Thomas August
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Asif M Khan
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.,Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
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34
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Discovery of novel “Dual-site” binding oseltamivir derivatives as potent influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 191:112147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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35
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Guo S, Bao L, Li C, Sun J, Zhao R, Cui X. Antiviral activity of iridoid glycosides extracted from Fructus Gardeniae against influenza A virus by PACT-dependent suppression of viral RNA replication. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1897. [PMID: 32024921 PMCID: PMC7002373 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemic and pandemic influenza A virus (IAV) poses a significant threat to human populations worldwide. Iridoid glycosides are principal bioactive components from the Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis fruit that exhibit antiviral activity against several strains of IAV. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effect of Fructus Gardeniae iridoid glycoside extracts (IGEs) against IAV by cytopathogenic effect(CPE), MTT and a plaque formation assay in vitro and examined the reduction in the pulmonary index (PI), restoration of body weight, reduction in mortality and increases in survival time in vivo. As a host factor, PACT provides protection against the pathogenic influenza A virus by interacting with IAV polymerase and activating the IFN-I response. To verify the whether IGEs suppress IAV replication in a PACT-dependent manner, IAV RNA replication, expression of PACT and the phosphorylation of eIF2α in A549 cells were detected; the levels of IFNβ, PACT and PKR in mouse lung tissues were determined; and the activity of IAV polymerase was evaluated in PACT-compromised cells. The results indicated that IGEs sufficiently alleviated cell damage and suppressed IAV replication in vitro, protecting mice from IAV-induced injury and lethal IAV infection. These anti-IAV effects might be related to disrupted interplay between IVA polymerase and PACT and/or prevention of a PACT-dependent overactivated IFN-I antiviral response. Taken together, our findings reveal a new facet of the mechanisms by which IGEs fight the influenza A virus in a PACT-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.4 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lei Bao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.4 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.4 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.4 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ronghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.4 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaolan Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.4 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Kumari P, Ansari SN, Kumar R, Saini AK, Mobin SM. Design and Construction of Aroyl-Hydrazone Derivatives: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Molecular Docking and Their Biological Activities. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900315. [PMID: 31532059 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of four new aroyl-hydrazone derivatives L1 -L4 , and their structural as well as biological activities have been explored. In addition to docking with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and duplex DNA, the experimental results demonstrate the effective binding of L1 -L4 with BSA protein and calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) which is in agreement with the docking results. Further biological activities of L1 -L4 have been examined through molecular docking with different proteins which are involved in the propagation of viral or cancer diseases. L1 shows best binding affinity with influenza A virus polymerase PB2 subunit (2VY7) with binding energy -11.42 kcal/mol and inhibition constant 4.23 nm, whereas L2 strongly bind with the hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase (2WCX) with binding energy -10.47 kcal/mol and inhibition constant 21.06 nm. Ligand L3 binds strongly with TGF-beta receptor 1 (3FAA) and L4 with cancer-related EphA2 protein kinases (1MQB) with binding energy -10.61 kcal/mol, -10.02 kcal/mol and inhibition constant 16.67 nm and 45.41 nm, respectively. The binding energies of L1 -L4 are comparable with binding energies of their proven inhibitors. L1 , L3 and L4 can be considered as both 3FAA and 1MQB dual targeting anticancer agents, while L1 and L3 are both 2VY7 and 2WCX dual targeting antiviral agents. On the other side, L2 and L4 target only one virus related target (2WCX). Furthermore, the geometry optimizations of L1 -L4 were performed via density functional theory (DFT). Moreover, all four ligands (L1 -L4 ) were characterized by NMR, FT-IR, ESI-MS, elemental analysis and their molecular structures were validated by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Kumari
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Shagufi Naz Ansari
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | | | - Shaikh M Mobin
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India.,Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India.,Metallurgical Engineering and Material Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
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Yang J, Huang Y, Liu S. Investigational antiviral therapies for the treatment of influenza. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:481-488. [PMID: 31018720 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1606210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Influenza viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vRNPs) play a key role in viral transcription and replication; hence, the recent development of novel anti-influenza drugs targeting vRNPs has garnered widespread interest. AREAS COVERED We discuss the function of the constituents of vRNPs and summarize those vRNPs-targeted synthetic drugs that are in preclinical and early clinical development. EXPERT OPINION vRNPs contain high-value drug targets; such targets include the subunits PA, PB1, PB2, and NP. Developing a new generation of antiviral therapies with strategies that utilize existing drugs, natural compounds originated from new resources and novel drug combinations may open up new therapeutic approaches to influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yingna Huang
- a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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Ter Horst S, Conceição-Neto N, Neyts J, Rocha-Pereira J. Structural and functional similarities in bunyaviruses: Perspectives for pan-bunya antivirals. Rev Med Virol 2019; 29:e2039. [PMID: 30746831 PMCID: PMC7169261 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The order of Bunyavirales includes numerous (re)emerging viruses that collectively have a major impact on human and animal health worldwide. There are no vaccines for human use or antiviral drugs available to prevent or treat infections with any of these viruses. The development of efficacious and safe drugs and vaccines is a pressing matter. Ideally, such antivirals possess pan‐bunyavirus antiviral activity, allowing the containment of every bunya‐related threat. The fact that many bunyaviruses need to be handled in laboratories with biosafety level 3 or 4, the great variety of species and the frequent emergence of novel species complicate such efforts. We here examined the potential druggable targets of bunyaviruses, together with the level of conservation of their biological functions, structure, and genetic similarity by means of heatmap analysis. In the light of this, we revised the available models and tools currently available, pointing out directions for antiviral drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Ter Horst
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nádia Conceição-Neto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joana Rocha-Pereira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of a library of hybrid derivatives as inhibitors of influenza virus PA-PB1 interaction. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:743-758. [PMID: 30142611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The limited treatment options against influenza virus along with the growing public health concerns regarding the continuous emergence of drug-resistant viruses make essential the development of new anti-flu agents with novel mechanisms of action. One of the most attractive targets is the interaction between two subunits of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, PA and PB1. Herein we report the rational design of hybrid compounds starting from a 3-cyano-4,6-diphenylpyridine scaffold recently identified as disruptor of PA-PB1 interactions. Guided by the previously reported SAR data, a library of amino acid derivatives was synthesized. The biological evaluation led to the identification of new PA-PB1 inhibitors, that do not show appreciable toxicity. Molecular modeling shed further lights on the inhibition mechanism of these compounds.
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