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Dadras O. Prevalence and correlates of sexual intercourse under influence of alcohol among Thai adolescents: lessons from a nationwide school-based survey. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2024; 0:ijamh-2024-0045. [PMID: 38917827 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2024-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Having sex under the influence of alcohol is a risky behavior and this study explored its prevalence and correlates among school-going Thai adolescents. METHODS The data from the 2021 Thailand Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), including a nationally representative sample of students in grades 7-12th, was used to extract the relevant variables including demographic, psychosocial, substance use, and risky sex behaviors. Logistic regression was used to assess the odds of engaging in sex while intoxicated across the independent variables while accounting for age and sex differences. RESULTS Approximately 30.45 % of respondents reported alcohol intoxication and 37.75 % reported engaging in sexual intercourse while intoxicated at least once. Older adolescents (>14 years), males, and those in 11 and 12 grades were more likely to engage in sexual intercourse while intoxicated. Psychosocial factors such as loneliness and anxiety-induced insomnia were associated with increased likelihood, particularly among females. Substance use, including marijuana and amphetamine use, as well as cigarette smoking, correlated with higher odds of engaging in sexual intercourse while intoxicated. Both genders who engaged in sex while intoxicated reported having multiple sexual partners, with males more likely to use condoms. CONCLUSIONS The intricate relationship between poor mental health, substance use, and risky sex behaviors along with their association with sex under alcohol influence emphasizes the need for a holistic approach to address the common risk factors and implement effective school-based screening strategies to identify the risk groups, educate them, and prevent the burden of risky sex under alcohol intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Dadras
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, 1658 University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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2
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Assini-Meytin LC, Giacomozzi AI, Priolo Filho SR, Lorandi JM, Laurinaitytė I. Adverse Childhood Experiences in Brazilian College Students: Examining Associations with Suicidal Ideation and Risky Behaviors. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2024; 17:495-505. [PMID: 38938942 PMCID: PMC11199450 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-023-00572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Background The association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and poor health outcomes is well-established in high-income countries. However, the evidence is limited for the association of ACEs, mental health, and risky behaviors for low- and middle-income countries. Moreover, studies often overlook prescription drug misuse and risky driving when examining the association of ACEs with risky behaviors. In our study, we examined the associations between ACEs, suicidal ideation, and risky behaviors (binge drinking, prescription drug misuse, and risky driving) among Brazilian college students. Methods Participants consisted of a convenience sample of students recruited from undergraduate courses primarily in two states in Southern Brazil (93%). Data were collected via an online survey between December 2020 and August 2021. The analytical sample comprised 503 participants, most were female (71%), and the mean age was 24 years. Survey instrument included questions on ten different ACE types, mental health, and risky behaviors. Statistical analyses included univariate descriptive analysis, binary and multivariable regression models. Results Across the ten ACE types assessed, only 14% of participants reported no ACEs, and 29% of participants experienced polyvictimization (i.e., four or more ACES). Multivariable models showed that, compared to those with no ACEs, participants who experienced polyvictimization had significantly increased odds of reporting suicide ideation (AOR = 6.21, p < .001), prescription drug misuse (AOR = 8.78, p < .01), and riding with an impaired driver (AOR = 3.58, p < .01). Conclusions Our findings support the need for psychological support and services available for college students with multiple ACEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana C. Assini-Meytin
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington Street, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA
| | - Andreia Isabel Giacomozzi
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brasil
| | - Sidnei R. Priolo Filho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa, Prevenção e Intervenção em Psicologia Forense, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná – Rua Sydney Rangel Santos, Curitiba/PR, 238 Brasil
| | - Joana Milan Lorandi
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brasil
| | - Ilona Laurinaitytė
- Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Universiteto g. 9/1, Vilnius, 01513 Lithuania
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Walton TO, Graupensperger S, Walker DD, Kaysen D. Alcohol use disorder as a moderator of the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and suicidality among military personnel. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:1096-1106. [PMID: 38796793 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicide are substantial public health concerns among military service members, yet the nature of their relationships is not well understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that AUD moderates the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and suicidal ideation. METHODS This secondary analysis uses data collected at baseline for a randomized clinical trial. The sample consists of 160 active-duty service members from three service branches (Army, Air Force, and Navy). All participants met diagnostic criteria for PTSD and were not engaged in evidence-based PTSD treatment at the time of enrollment. Zero-inflated Poisson generalized linear regression models were used to test the associations of PTSD and AUD symptom severity with the presence and severity of suicidal ideation. RESULTS Findings suggest that AUD symptom severity moderates (i.e., amplifies) the relationship between PTSD symptoms and severity of suicidal ideation among military personnel with untreated PTSD. Among service members with mild or absent AUD, we found no significant association between PTSD symptoms and the severity of suicidal ideation. However, when AUD severity was average (i.e., sample mean) or high (mean + 1SD), PTSD symptoms were significantly positively associated with the severity of suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of assessing AUD and PTSD as a part of suicide risk evaluations of veterans. The results also provide strong support for the maintenance and further development in the military health system of treatment programs that simultaneously address AUD and PTSD comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas O Walton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Scott Graupensperger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Denise D Walker
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Debra Kaysen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
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Cheah YK, Kee CC, Lim KK, Cheong YL. Demographic, lifestyle, social, and psychological factors associated with worry-related sleep problems among school-going adolescents in Timor-Leste. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2024; 37:e12468. [PMID: 38654575 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescent sleep problems are a worldwide public health issue. The present study examines factors associated with worry-related sleep problems among school-going adolescents. The country of interest is Timor-Leste, a low-income country, where studies pertaining to adolescent sleep problems are lacking. DESIGN AND MEASURES Data were analysed from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Timor-Leste (n = 3455). An ordered probit model was used to assess the effects of demographic, lifestyle, social, and psychological factors on different levels of worry-related sleep problems (i.e., no, mild and severe sleep problems). RESULTS School-going adolescents were more likely to face mild or severe worry-related sleep problems if they were older, passive smokers, alcohol drinkers and moderately active. School-going adolescents who sometimes or always went hungry were more likely to experience worry-related sleep problems than those who did not. Involvement in physical fights, being bullied, and loneliness were positively associated with the probability of having modest or severe worry-related sleep problems. CONCLUSION Age, exposure to second-hand smoke, alcohol consumption, physical activity, going hungry, physical fights, being bullied and loneliness are the important determining factors of adolescent worry-related sleep problems. Policymakers should pay special attention to these factors when formulating intervention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kang Cheah
- School of Economics, Finance and Banking, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Chee Cheong Kee
- Sector for Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Kuang Kuay Lim
- Centre for Occupational Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Yoon Ling Cheong
- Special Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Pahang, Malaysia
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De Leon AN, Peterson R, Leary AV, Burr EK, Cora JL, Dvorak RD. Protective behavioral strategies as a protective factor against suicidal ideation among college student drinkers. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:947-956. [PMID: 35427457 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2063023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Research shows that alcohol use is linked to suicidal ideation (SI), while depression is strongly associated with SI. Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) are safe drinking strategies. PBS are broadly protective across alcohol-related problems; however, it is unclear if these effects extend to those at risk for SI. We hypothesized that alcohol use and depressive symptoms would be risk factors for SI, and that these factors would moderate the effects of PBS. PBS was hypothesized to be protective for individuals with elevated depressive symptoms and alcohol use. Participants: College student drinkers (n = 990; M age = 19.97, SD = 3.75) from a Southeastern University. Methods: Participants completed an online survey inquiring about demographics, depressive symptoms, SI, alcohol use, and PBS use. Results: Depressive symptoms were associated with an increased likelihood of SI; however, alcohol use was not. PBS were most protective for individuals with high levels of alcohol use and/or depressive symptoms. Conclusions: PBS may be protective for heavier drinkers who are at heightened risk for SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardhys N De Leon
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Roselyn Peterson
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Angelina V Leary
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Emily K Burr
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Jessica L Cora
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Robert D Dvorak
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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Jeong YW, Oh J. Effect of Drinking Pattern on the Quality of Sleep Among Korean Male Adults Below 65 Years. J Addict Nurs 2023; 34:E163-E171. [PMID: 38015584 DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the differences in sleep quality according to drinking patterns and identify factors associated with poor sleepers among Korean male adults younger than 65 years. Data from 68,711 male participants from the Korean Community Health Survey collected in Korea in 2018 were analyzed. After dividing them into binge drinking and nonbinge drinking groups, each group was further categorized into three subgroups according to the frequency of drinking: less than occasionally, frequent, and very frequent. The quality of sleep and depression were assessed through face-to-face interviews using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. Total sleep quality was the lowest in the group that participated in "very frequent" binge drinking; the groups that participated in "frequent" binge drinking and "very frequent" nonbinge drinking had similar levels of sleep quality. Poisson regression with robust variance analysis revealed an almost 50% higher prevalence of poor sleep in the "very frequent" binge drinking group (prevalence ratio = 1.49, p < .001) compared with the reference group (nonbinge drinking, less than occasionally) after controlling for confounding variables. Significantly higher prevalence ratios of poor sleep were found in the "frequent" and "very frequent" drinking groups compared with the reference group. Health policies could emphasize the importance of reducing one's frequency and amount of drinking. In addition, it is also necessary for healthcare professionals to assess drinking patterns when caring for people experiencing poor quality sleep and support them in correcting such drinking behaviors.
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Kiss O, Goldstone A, de Zambotti M, Yüksel D, Hasler BP, Franzen PL, Brown SA, De Bellis MD, Nagel BJ, Nooner KB, Tapert SF, Colrain IM, Clark DB, Baker FC. Effects of emerging alcohol use on developmental trajectories of functional sleep measures in adolescents. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad113. [PMID: 37058610 PMCID: PMC10848227 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Adolescence is characterized by significant brain development, accompanied by changes in sleep timing and architecture. It also is a period of profound psychosocial changes, including the initiation of alcohol use; however, it is unknown how alcohol use affects sleep architecture in the context of adolescent development. We tracked developmental changes in polysomnographic (PSG) and electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep measures and their relationship with emergent alcohol use in adolescents considering confounding effects (e.g. cannabis use). METHODS Adolescents (n = 94, 43% female, age: 12-21 years) in the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) study had annual laboratory PSG recordings across 4-years. Participants were no/low drinkers at baseline. RESULTS Linear mixed effect models showed developmental changes in sleep macrostructure and EEG, including a decrease in slow wave sleep and slow wave (delta) EEG activity with advancing age. Emergent moderate/heavy alcohol use across three follow-up years was associated with a decline in percentage rapid eye movement (REM) sleep over time, a longer sleep onset latency (SOL) and shorter total sleep time (TST) in older adolescents, and lower non-REM delta and theta power in males. CONCLUSIONS These longitudinal data show substantial developmental changes in sleep architecture. Emergent alcohol use during this period was associated with altered sleep continuity, architecture, and EEG measures, with some effects dependent on age and sex. These effects, in part, could be attributed to the effects of alcohol on underlying brain maturation processes involved in sleep-wake regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Kiss
- Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Aimée Goldstone
- Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | | | - Dilara Yüksel
- Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Brant P Hasler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter L Franzen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sandra A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael D De Bellis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- School of Medicine, Division of Clinical Psychology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kate B Nooner
- Psychology Department, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Susan F Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ian M Colrain
- Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Duncan B Clark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fiona C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Pielech M, Meisel S, Berey BL, Goodyear K, Treloar Padovano H, Miranda R. Leveraging Ecological Momentary Assessment to Examine Bi-directional Associations Between Sleep Quality, Adolescent/Young Adult Alcohol Craving and Use. Ann Behav Med 2023; 57:593-602. [PMID: 37061844 PMCID: PMC10312303 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use is common among adolescents and young adults (AYA) and linked to poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality may also increase alcohol use and alcohol craving, yet bi-directional relations between sleep quality and AYA alcohol use are poorly understood. PURPOSE This study examined bi-directional associations between sleep quality, alcohol craving, and alcohol use in AYA using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and explored if biological sex, age, or race moderated these associations. METHODS This pre-registered secondary analysis pooled EMA data from the baseline, pre-randomization period (M = 8.18 days, range = 1-17) in two double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials examining medication effects on alcohol use in AYA (N = 115). Each morning, participants reported sleep quality and alcohol consumption (i.e., number of standard drinks) from the previous day, and craving was rated at several random points each day. RESULTS Multilevel modeling showed that poorer average sleep quality was associated with higher levels of alcohol craving for females but not for males, and better overall levels of sleep quality were associated with decreased likelihood of engaging in alcohol use. No other person- or day-level associations between sleep and alcohol use emerged. CONCLUSIONS Better sleep quality may be protective against alcohol use in AYA, and female AYA who report poorer sleep quality may experience higher levels of alcohol craving. Research and clinical assessment of AYA sleep quality can contribute to understanding of factors promoting alcohol craving and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Pielech
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Samuel Meisel
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- E. P. Bradley Hospital, Riverside, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Benjamin L Berey
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kimberly Goodyear
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hayley Treloar Padovano
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Robert Miranda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- E. P. Bradley Hospital, Riverside, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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De Leon AN, Peterson R, Dvorak RD, Leary AV, Kramer MP, Burr EK, Toth EM, Pinto D. The Health Belief Model in the Context of Alcohol Protective Behavioral Strategies. Psychiatry 2023; 86:1-16. [PMID: 36240071 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2022.2114270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Alcohol use continues to be prevalent and problematic among young adult samples. Protective behavioral strategies (PBS), which are harm reduction strategies utilized while drinking, have been linked to decreased alcohol use and subsequent alcohol-related problems. An individual's likelihood of adopting PBS and other health behaviors, according to The Health Belief Model (HBM), is dependent on perceived susceptibility to and severity of adverse health outcomes, as well as perceived benefits and barriers related to implementing those behaviors. The present study examined whether the perceived effectiveness of PBS in the context of the HBM leads to an increase in PBS use. Method: The analytic sample (n =694 college students, Mage =20.21, SD =4.37, 63.26% female, 72.05% Caucasian) self-reported demographics, weekly alcohol consumption (i.e., frequency, intensity, and quantity), alcohol-related problems, use of PBS, and perceived effectiveness of PBS use. A latent variable model was used to test the effect of perceived PBS effectiveness on PBS use, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related problems. Results: Perceived PBS effectiveness was associated with a higher likelihood of using PBS subtypes (Manner of Drinking, Stopping/Limiting Drinking, and Serious Harm Reduction), which in turn was associated with reductions in alcohol consumption and problems. Conclusions: These findings suggest that increasing perceptions of PBS effectiveness may lead to more PBS use, decreased alcohol consumption, and fewer alcohol-related problems. Future research could implement longitudinal methodology to assess attempts to increase perceived effectiveness of PBS use and potentially establish a causal link between these perceptions, PBS use, and alcohol-related outcomes.
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Assini-Meytin LC, Fix RL, Green KM, Nair R, Letourneau EJ. Adverse Childhood Experiences, Mental Health, and Risk Behaviors in Adulthood: Exploring Sex, Racial, and Ethnic Group Differences in a Nationally Representative Sample. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 15:833-845. [PMID: 35958728 PMCID: PMC9360354 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-021-00424-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study examined sex, racial, and ethnic differences in the short- and long-term associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), mental health, and risk behaviors in a nationally representative sample. Analysis was based on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a longitudinal cohort of U.S. adolescents followed in five waves of data collection from adolescence to adulthood. Analysis included design-based regression models to examine the associations between ACEs and proximal and distal outcomes (i.e., depression, suicidal ideation, number of sexual partners, binge drinking, current smoker) assessed in the transition to adulthood (mean age 21; 2001-2002) and adulthood (mean age 38; 2016-2018). Sex, racial, and ethnic interactions were included in regression models to examine effect modification in the association of ACEs, mental health, and risk behaviors. In this analytical sample (N = 9,690), we identified a graded association between ACEs and depression, suicide ideation, and current smoker status at both time points (i.e., mean age 21 and 38). Sex moderated the relationship between ACEs and depression at mean age 21, while race (i.e., American Indian versus White) moderated the relationship between ACEs and number of sexual partners at mean age 38. A greater number of cumulative traumatic experiences in childhood may amplify adverse health outcomes among women and adults of American Indian descent in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana C. Assini-Meytin
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington Street, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA
| | - Rebecca L. Fix
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington Street, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA
| | - Kerry M. Green
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, 2242 Valley Dr, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Reshmi Nair
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington Street, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Letourneau
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington Street, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA
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11
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Owaki Y, Yoshimoto H, Saito G, Goto T, Kushio S, Nakamura A, Togo Y, Mori K, Hokazono H. Study protocol of brief intervention using gene polymorphism information for excessive drinking among Japanese college students and adults aged 20-30 years: a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2022; 23:708. [PMID: 36028843 PMCID: PMC9412788 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06645-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The alcohol-metabolizing enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a carcinogenic acetaldehyde-degrading enzyme, and its low activity is a genetic constitution peculiar to East Asians. People with low alcohol dehydrogenase 1B activity (ADH1B*1/*1 genotype) have a high risk of developing head and neck cancer and alcoholism. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of brief interventions for excessive drinking among college students and adults in their 20s, including information on five constitutions that combine the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes. Methods Participants comprised university students and staff aged 20–30 years who had consumed ≥40 g (males) or ≥20 g (females) of pure alcohol; they were classified into intervention and control groups using a simple randomization method. Participants anonymously filled out questionnaires linked to identification numbers and recorded the drinking days and amounts on the drinking calendar. The intervention group will then be tested for genotype testing using saliva (5 types of combinations of ALDH2 and ADH1B enzyme activities); the result report will arrive approximately 1 month later. We will conduct a 30-min face-to-face or online intervention. The control group will be merely given the conventional materials, and genetic testing will be performed voluntarily after 6 months (end of study). The intervention group will undergo questionnaire surveys 1 month after the intervention and 3 and 6 months after baseline. Questionnaire surveys will be conducted 1, 3, and 6 months after baseline for the control group. The average amount of drinking before and after the intervention, attribute/baseline data between the two groups, and time-series data were compared using various analysis tools. For interventions, we engaged in dialog based on intervention materials that added genotyping content to the existing materials, result reports, baseline data, and drinking calendar records. Participants’ ingenuity is respected to support their drinking behavior and goal setting. Discussion Individual information on the genetic makeup of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes provided during the intervention is more personal and objective than general health information, especially in Japan, where the ALDH2 low activity rate is high. This information may be useful for health care and precautionary measures. Trial registration R000050379, UMIN000044148, Registered on June 1, 2021. Scientific Title: Examination of simple intervention using genetic polymorphism information for excessive drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Owaki
- Department of Primary Care and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yoshimoto
- Department of Community General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. .,General Medicine and Primary Care, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Go Saito
- General Medicine and Primary Care, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan.,Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Disease Control Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yusuke Togo
- Sanwa Laboratory, Sanwa Shurui Company, Usa, Japan
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Skipping Breakfast and Incidence of Frequent Alcohol Drinking in University Students in Japan: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132657. [PMID: 35807842 PMCID: PMC9267987 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequency of alcohol drinking is a potential predictor of binge drinking of alcohol, a serious social problem for university students. Although previous studies have identified skipping breakfast as a predictor of various health-compromising behaviors and cardiometabolic diseases, few studies have assessed the association between skipping breakfast and the incidence of frequent alcohol drinking. This retrospective cohort study included 17,380 male and 8799 female university students aged 18–22 years admitted to Osaka universities between 2004 and 2015. The association between breakfast frequency (eating every day, skipping occasionally, and skipping often/usually) and the incidence of frequent alcohol drinking, defined as drinking ≥4 days/week, was assessed using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. During the median observational period of 3.0 years, 878 (5.1%) men and 190 (2.2%) women engaged in frequent alcohol drinking. Skipping breakfast was significantly associated with the incidence of frequent alcohol drinking (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence interval] of eating every day, skipping occasionally, and skipping often/usually: 1.00 [reference], 1.02 [0.84–1.25], and 1.48 [1.17–1.88] in men; 1.00 [reference], 1.60 [1.03–2.49], and 3.14 [1.88–5.24] in women, respectively). University students who skipped breakfast were at a higher risk of frequent alcohol drinking than those who ate breakfast every day.
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Liu S, Bamberger P, Wang M, Nahum-Shani I, Larimer M, Bacharach SB. Behavior change versus stability during the college-to-work transition: Life course and the "stickiness" of alcohol misuse at career entry. PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 76:945-975. [PMID: 37745943 PMCID: PMC10513095 DOI: 10.1111/peps.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To what extent and under what conditions do college graduates disengage from employment-incompatible behaviors during the college-to-work transition? Drawing from the life course perspective, we proposed a model highlighting considerable stability of employment-incompatible behaviors during initial months of organizational socialization. Our model predicted that maturing out of such behaviors, which is expected by employers and beneficial to career adjustment, would be more likely to occur given a conducive transition context. Using a large dataset tracking graduates from their last semester in college to up to approximately 1.5 years after graduation and with alcohol use as our empirical referent, we demonstrated that a pattern of high-risk drinking behavior may remain even after the transition into full-time employment. We further showed that lower levels of perceived cohort drinking norms and higher levels of mentoring were associated with a higher probability of maturing out, manifesting in a transition from a high-risk drinking profile before graduation to a moderate drinking profile after starting full-time employment. Finally, we found that maturing out was associated with lagged outcomes including lower levels of sleep problems and depression and fewer work days lost to absenteeism, thus underscoring the consequential nature of behavior profile shifts during the college-to-work transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqi Liu
- Department of Management, Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Peter Bamberger
- Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, ISRAEL
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Management, Warrington College of Business, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Inbal Nahum-Shani
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106
| | - Mary Larimer
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Samuel B Bacharach
- Smithers Institute, ILR School, Cornell University, 16 E. 34th St. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10016
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14
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Gender Differences in the Factors Associated with Alcohol Binge Drinking: A Population-Based Analysis in a Latin American Country. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19094931. [PMID: 35564326 PMCID: PMC9101416 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19094931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is a public health problem in Peru, fostered by traditional practices, where promoting social interaction in celebrations, facilitating field work as a source of energy and warmth, and achieving objectives in certain labor negotiations, play an important role. However, research on the risk factors of binge drinking according to gender is limited. The study aim was to determine the factors associated with binge drinking in the Peruvian adult population by gender. An analytical study of secondary data from the 2018 Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey was conducted. The dependent variable was binge drinking in the last 30 days. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were estimated for the association between sociodemographic and health-related variables with binge drinking. A total of 32,020 adults were included. Binge drinking was found in 22.4%. Men (32.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.4–33.8) presented a higher consumption pattern compared to women (12.8%; 95% CI: 12.0–13.6). For both genders, differences were found in binge drinking according to sociodemographic characteristics (age and wealth quintile was associated in both genders while the educational level was associated only for men, and ethnic self-identification and marital status for women) and health- characteristics related (health insurance, smoking in the last 30 days, overweight and obesity were associated in both genders). Several factors are associated with binge drinking according to gender in the Peruvian population, including age and education level among men, as well as marital status and ethnic self-identification among women.
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Miller MB, Curtis AF, Hall NA, Freeman LK, Everson AT, Martinez LD, Park CJ, McCrae CS. Daily associations between modifiable sleep behaviors and nighttime sleep among young adult drinkers with insomnia. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:703-712. [PMID: 34605392 PMCID: PMC8883105 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Empirical evidence linking individual sleep hygiene practices to subsequent sleep parameters is limited, particularly at the daily level. This study compared the strength of daily, within-person associations between these modifiable sleep behaviors and nighttime sleep in young adult drinkers with insomnia. METHODS Young adults (ages 18-30 years; n = 56) who met diagnostic criteria for insomnia and reported past-month binge drinking wore wrist actigraphy and completed online sleep diaries for 8.5 days (standard deviation = 2.3; 477 reports). Diaries assessed engagement in 11 sleep hygiene recommendations. Multilevel models tested daily associations between sleep behaviors and 3 outcomes: sleep quality, self-reported sleep efficiency, and actigraphy-measured sleep efficiency. RESULTS Participants self-reported better sleep quality/efficiency on days that they slept in a comfortable environment, limited naps to 30 minutes, and maintained a consistent wake time. They self-reported worse sleep quality and efficiency on nights that they avoided alcohol use before bedtime. No sleep behaviors were significantly associated with actigraphy-measured sleep efficiency after correcting for inflation in type I error. CONCLUSIONS The sleep hygiene recommendations most strongly associated with sleep at the daily level were consistent with stimulus control. Creating a comfortable sleep environment also emerged as an important correlate of daily sleep. Heavy drinkers with insomnia may perceive better sleep if they drink before bedtime; however, this finding may be unique to this population. CITATION Miller MB, Curtis AF, Hall NA, et al. Daily associations between modifiable sleep behaviors and nighttime sleep among young adult drinkers with insomnia. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(3):703-712.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Miller
- Address correspondence to: Mary Beth Miller, PhD, One Hospital Drive DC067.00, Columbia, MO 65212; Tel: (573) 882-1813; Fax: (573) 884-1070;
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Sharma R, Parikh M, Mishra V, Zuniga A, Sahota P, Thakkar M. Sleep, sleep homeostasis and arousal disturbances in alcoholism. Brain Res Bull 2022; 182:30-43. [PMID: 35122900 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The effects of alcohol on human sleep were first described almost 70 years ago. Since then, accumulating evidences suggest that alcohol intake at bed time immediately induces sleep [reduces the time to fall asleep (sleep onset latency), and consolidates and enhances the quality (delta power) and the quantity of sleep]. Such potent sleep promoting activity makes alcohol as one of the most commonly used "over the counter" sleep aid. However, the somnogenic effects, after alcohol intake, slowly wane off and often followed by sleep disruptions during the rest of the night. Repeated use of alcohol leads to the development of rapid tolerance resulting into an alcohol abuse. Moreover, chronic and excessive alcohol intake leads to the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Alcoholics, both during drinking periods and during abstinences, suffer from a multitude of sleep disruptions manifested by profound insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, and altered sleep architecture. Furthermore, subjective and objective indicators of sleep disturbances are predictors of relapse. Finally, within the USA, it is estimated that societal costs of alcohol-related sleep disorders exceed $18 billion. Thus, although alcohol associated sleep problems have significant economic and clinical consequences, very little is known about how and where alcohol acts to affect sleep. In this review, a conceptual framework and clinical research focused on understanding the relationship between alcohol and sleep is first described. In the next section, our new and exciting preclinical studies, to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism of how acute and chronic alcohol affects sleep, are described. In the end, based on observations from our recent findings and related literature, opportunities for the development of innovative strategies to prevent and treat AUD are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Sharma
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65201
| | - Meet Parikh
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65201
| | - Vaibhav Mishra
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65201
| | - Abigail Zuniga
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65201
| | - Pradeep Sahota
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65201
| | - Mahesh Thakkar
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65201.
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Alcohol induced impairment/abnormalities in brain: Role of MicroRNAs. Neurotoxicology 2021; 87:11-23. [PMID: 34478768 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol is a highly toxic substance and has teratogenic properties that can lead to a wide range of developmental disorders. Excessive use of alcohol can change the structural and functional aspects of developed brain and other organs. Which can further lead to significant health, social and economic implications in many countries of the world. Convincing evidence support the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) as important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in neurodevelopment and maintenance. They also show differential expression following an injury. MiRNAs are the special class of small non coding RNAs that can modify the gene by targeting the mRNA and fine tune the development of cells to organs. Numerous pieces of evidences have shown the relationship between miRNA, alcohol and brain damage. These studies also show how miRNA controls different cellular mechanisms involved in the development of alcohol use disorder. With the increasing number of research studies, the roles of miRNAs following alcohol-induced injury could help researchers to recognize alternative therapeutic methods to treat/cure alcohol-induced brain damage. The present review summarizes the available data and brings together the important miRNAs, that play a crucial role in alcohol-induced brain damage, which will help in better understanding complex mechanisms. Identifying these miRNAs will not only expand the current knowledge but can lead to the identification of better targets for the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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18
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Miller MB, Freeman LK, Deroche CB, Park CJ, Hall NA, McCrae CS. Sleep and alcohol use among young adult drinkers with Insomnia: A daily process model. Addict Behav 2021; 119:106911. [PMID: 33773200 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies examining associations between sleep and alcohol use have done so primarily at the aggregate (between-person) level and primarily among healthy young adults. This study aimed to examine reciprocal, within-person associations between sleep and alcohol use among young adult drinkers with insomnia. METHODS Young adults who engaged in past-month binge drinking and met diagnostic criteria for insomnia (N = 56) wore wrist actigraphy and completed online daily diaries assessing sleep and drinking for an average of 8.52 days (SD = 2.31), resulting in 477 reports. Multilevel models were used to examine within- and between-person effects of sleep quality and efficiency on alcohol use and vice versa. Bedtime and waketime were included as secondary sleep parameters. RESULTS Participants reported drinking on 231 days (48%). Participants did not report significantly different sleep quality on heavier-drinking days, nor did they demonstrate significant changes in actigraphy-measured sleep efficiency. However, they self-reported better sleep efficiency on heavier-drinking days (driven primarily by improvements in sleep onset latency), and they reported heavier drinking following days of better sleep efficiency (driven by improvements in total sleep time). Drinking was also associated with later bedtimes and waketimes. CONCLUSIONS Young adult drinkers with insomnia report reciprocal associations between subjective sleep efficiency and alcohol use, but these results were not replicated using objective measures. Providers may need to challenge the belief that there is a positive association between alcohol use and sleep among young adults who drink and have insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Miller
- University of Missouri, 1 Hospital Drive DC067.00, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
| | - Lindsey K Freeman
- University of Missouri, 1 Hospital Drive DC067.00, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Chelsea B Deroche
- University of Missouri, 1 Hospital Drive DC067.00, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Chan Jeong Park
- University of Missouri, 1 Hospital Drive DC067.00, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Nicole A Hall
- University of Missouri, 1 Hospital Drive DC067.00, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Christina S McCrae
- University of Missouri, 1 Hospital Drive DC067.00, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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Graupensperger S, Fairlie AM, Vitiello MV, Kilmer JR, Larimer ME, Patrick ME, Lee CM. Daily-level effects of alcohol, marijuana, and simultaneous use on young adults' perceived sleep health. Sleep 2021; 44:6325450. [PMID: 34291803 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use is increasingly prevalent among young adults but has adverse health consequences. The current study examined daily-level associations between perceived sleep health and SAM use, relative to non-substance-use days and alcohol- or marijuana-only days. We also estimated linear associations between alcohol/marijuana use and perceived sleep health and explored whether effects were moderated by combined use of alcohol and marijuana. METHODS A community sample of SAM-using young adults (N=409; Mage=21.61, SD=2.17; 50.9% female; 48.2% White; 48.9% college students) completed twice-daily surveys for five 14-day sampling bursts. Daily measurements assessed substance use and perceived sleep health in terms of subjective sleep quality, negative impact of sleep on functioning, and symptoms of insomnia. RESULTS Multilevel models indicated that, relative to non-substance-use days, participants reported poorer perceived sleep health on alcohol-only days, better perceived sleep health on marijuana-only days, and mixed evidence regarding SAM use (i.e., fewer perceived symptoms of insomnia, but poorer perceived next day functioning attributed to sleep). Daily-level estimates showed increased alcohol use was associated with poorer perceived sleep health, while stronger effects from marijuana were associated with better perceived sleep health. Across all indices of sleep health, only one linear association was moderated by combined use: The adverse association between alcohol and next day functioning was weaker on days alcohol was combined with marijuana. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide additional evidence for daily-level effects of alcohol and marijuana use on perceived sleep health and address an important literature gap regarding potential adverse effects of SAM use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Graupensperger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington - Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anne M Fairlie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington - Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael V Vitiello
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington - Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jason R Kilmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington - Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary E Larimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington - Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Megan E Patrick
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christine M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington - Seattle, WA, USA
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Silva-Fonseca VAD, Vásquez FB, Seixas A, Jean-Louis G, Silva-Fonseca MSD, Sladek L, Rocha EMSD, Santos RMM, Aguiar ASD. Binge drinking and insomnia in students from health sciences at one university in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e10679. [PMID: 34037091 PMCID: PMC8148878 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x202010679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In spite of the many studies examining alcohol consumption, recent reviews have indicated that binge drinking has not been extensively studied. Furthermore, it is becoming increasingly clear that sleep is associated with many physiological functions and to drug addictions. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between alcohol binge drinking and insomnia in college students of health sciences. All first-year health sciences students (n=286) were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. Envelopes containing the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), and questions capturing sociodemographic data were distributed and collected in classes. It was found that most non-drinkers were female (70.6%), although there were no sex-related differences in the number of binge drinkers (more than 5 drinks on each occasion at least once a week), allowing statistical comparison. The Mann-Whitney U test indicated that the ISI scores were significantly greater in female than male binge drinkers (P=0.014). Moderate or severe insomnia was reported by 23% of the sample, with alcohol being the most frequently associated substance. A specialized intervention was suggested by ASSIST: brief for marijuana (19.2%) and tobacco (23.3%) use, and moderate (31.5%) or intensive (1.4%) for alcohol consumers. The data highlighted the need to pay attention to the habits of college students beyond obtaining scientific information. New data suggesting the influence of genetics on insomnia may be of importance when performing additional studies on the sex differences in alcohol binge drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A da Silva-Fonseca
- Núcleo de Ciências Comportamentais e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil.,Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - F B Vásquez
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - A Seixas
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Jean-Louis
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - M S da Silva-Fonseca
- Núcleo de Ciências Comportamentais e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - L Sladek
- Núcleo de Ciências Comportamentais e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - E M S da Rocha
- Núcleo de Ciências Comportamentais e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - R M M Santos
- Núcleo de Ciências Comportamentais e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - A S de Aguiar
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, MG, Brasil
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Năsui BA, Ungur RA, Talaba P, Varlas VN, Ciuciuc N, Silaghi CA, Silaghi H, Opre D, Pop AL. Is Alcohol Consumption Related to Lifestyle Factors in Romanian University Students? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1835. [PMID: 33668631 PMCID: PMC7918722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Poor eating habits and substance abuse are major public health concerns among young adults transitioning into university life. This study's objective was to assess Romanian students' alcohol consumption and correlate it with other lifestyle factors. We performed a cross-sectional study of 1212 students with a mean age of 21.1 ± 2.4 years. We applied a valid online questionnaire to evaluate and statistically analyze the interrelation between alcohol consumption and lifestyle factors by multivariate statistical analysis. The prevalence of alcohol consumption among the student population enrolled in the study was 79.9%. Multiple regression showed that alcohol consumption was positively associated with gender (p < 0.001), level of physical activity (p = 0.009), number of cigarettes (p < 0.001), and fast-food consumption (p < 0.001), and negatively associated with sleep (p = 0.012) and study hours (p < 0.001). The study revealed a high prevalence (18%) of binge drinking among males. The frequent use of illicit drugs is associated with alcohol consumption (p < 0.001) but present at low levels (1.6%). The study evidenced a high prevalence of alcohol consumption in students, especially in males, and poor food behavior related to the intake of vegetables and fruits. Health promotion campaigns regarding the harmful effects of alcohol, smoking, poor nutrition, and ongoing illicit drug prevention campaigns are needed to improve students' performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdana Adriana Năsui
- Department of Community Health, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.A.N.); (P.T.)
| | - Rodica Ana Ungur
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of General Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Patricia Talaba
- Department of Community Health, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.A.N.); (P.T.)
| | - Valentin Nicolae Varlas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 11171 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nina Ciuciuc
- Department of Community Health, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.A.N.); (P.T.)
| | - Cristina Alina Silaghi
- Department of Endocrinology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Horatiu Silaghi
- Department of Surgery V, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Dana Opre
- Department of Educational Science, University Babes Bolyai, 1-3 Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Anca Lucia Pop
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Food Safety, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
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22
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Laniepce A, Lahbairi N, Cabé N, Pitel AL, Rauchs G. Contribution of sleep disturbances to the heterogeneity of cognitive and brain alterations in alcohol use disorder. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 58:101435. [PMID: 33578081 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive and brain alterations are common in alcohol use disorder and vary importantly from one patient to another. Sleep disturbances are also very frequent in these patients and remain largely neglected even though they can persist after drinking cessation. Sleep disturbances may be the consequence of specific brain alterations, resulting in cognitive impairments. But sleep disruption may also exacerbate alcohol-related brain abnormalities and cognitive deficits through common pathophysiological mechanisms. Besides, sleep disturbances seem a vulnerability factor for the development of alcohol use disorder. From a clinical perspective, sleep disturbances are known to affect treatment outcome and to increase the risk of relapse. In this article, we conducted a narrative review to provide a better understanding of the relationships between sleep disturbances, brain and cognition in alcohol use disorder. We suggest that the heterogeneity of brain and cognitive alterations observed in patients with alcohol use disorder could at least partially be explained by associated sleep disturbances. We also believe that sleep disruption could indirectly favor relapse by exacerbating neuropsychological impairments required in psychosocial treatment and for the maintenance of abstinence. Implications for clinical practice as well as perspectives for future research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Laniepce
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université de Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Najlaa Lahbairi
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université de Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Nicolas Cabé
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université de Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France; Service d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Anne-Lise Pitel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université de Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
| | - Géraldine Rauchs
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université de Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France.
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Ek J, Jacobs W, Kaylor B, McCall WV. Addiction and Sleep Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1297:163-171. [PMID: 33537944 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-61663-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Shared neurophysiology of addiction and sleep disorders results in a bidirectional interplay. Diagnosing and treating primary sleep disorders, particularly in adolescents, can prevent the development of addiction in susceptible individuals. Addressing sleep issues in early recovery, and throughout maintenance, can prevent relapse. Cannabis use for insomnia shows mixed results; assisting with onset sleep latency in early use, this subsides with chronic use and holds addiction risk. Insomnia is a primary complaint of cannabis withdrawal syndrome and a primary cause of relapse in cannabis use disorder. An ideal sleep aid would prevent relapse and have low abuse potential. Pharmaceutical and behavioral options include suvorexant, mirtazapine, trazodone, and aerobic exercise, but clinical trials are lacking to demonstrate efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ek
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Augusta University-Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - William Jacobs
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Augusta University-Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Brett Kaylor
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Augusta University-Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - W Vaughn McCall
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Augusta University-Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
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Richter K, Peter L, Rodenbeck A, Weess HG, Riedel-Heller SG, Hillemacher T. Shiftwork and Alcohol Consumption: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Eur Addict Res 2021; 27:9-15. [PMID: 32454482 DOI: 10.1159/000507573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Shiftwork can be a risk factor for a number of different somatic and psychological health conditions, especially sleep disorders. Shiftworkers sleep less than dayworkers, and 20-40% of them suffer from difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep, which result in reduced capacity for work and social life. A common coping strategy might be the use of alcohol, which presents a health and safety hazard as it further impairs sleep quality and exacerbates sleepiness in the workplace. This review aimed to assess the extent of such possible connections. METHODS We performed a systematic search of the scientific literature on shiftwork and alcohol consumption in PubMed, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library. Only original studies comparing shiftworkers with non-shiftworkers were included. The recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were followed. RESULTS Fourteen articles are included in this review. Six studies report some kind of connection between shift- or nightwork and alcohol consumption, especially as a sleep aid. Conflicting or negative results are reported by 3 studies. DISCUSSION Shiftwork, especially working at night and in rotation shifts, is associated with binge drinking disorder in different professions. The reasons for pathological consumption of alcohol can be self-medication of sleep problems or coping with stress and psychosocial problems typical for shiftwork. Nurses aged over 50 years represent one important risk group. These results can be important for preventive programs against sleep disorders, including measures other than drinking alcohol as a sleep aid in the workplace of shiftworkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kneginja Richter
- University Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany,
| | - Lukas Peter
- University Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Rodenbeck
- Evangelisches Fachkrankenhaus Göttingen-Weende, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hans Günter Weess
- Pfalzklinikum Interdisziplinäres Schlafzentrum, Klingenmünster, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Institut für Sozialmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- University Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
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Ogunbajo A, Restar A, Edeza A, Goedel W, Jin H, Iwuagwu S, Williams R, Abubakari MR, Biello K, Mimiaga M. Poor sleep health is associated with increased mental health problems, substance use, and HIV sexual risk behavior in a large, multistate sample of gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in Nigeria, Africa. Sleep Health 2020; 6:662-670. [PMID: 32201228 PMCID: PMC7501157 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep health has been linked to mental health problems, substance use, and sexual risk-taking among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). No known published study has examined these relationships among African GBMSM. Consequently, we investigated poor sleep health and associated health-related factors among a large multistate sample of Nigerian GBMSM. METHODS Between March and June 2019, 406 GBMSM were recruited from Abuja, Delta, Lagos, and Plateau and asked to complete an interviewer-administered survey. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to examine the relationship between poor sleep health and other health-related factors. RESULTS In the past month, 45.5% of participants reported sleeping an average of 6 hours or less every night, and 30.7% reported experiencing a sleep problem. Factors associated with increased odds of reporting short sleep included: residing in Delta [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.16; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15 to 4.04] and Lagos (aOR 2.40; 95% CI: 1.29 to 4.45), depressive symptoms (aOR 1.94; 95% CI: 1.13 to 3.32), and reporting lifetime history of using four or more drugs (aOR 2.52; 95% CI: 1.06 to 6.01). Reporting condom use at last anal sex was associated with decreased odds of reporting short sleep in the last month (aOR 0.54; 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.92). Factors associated with increased odds of reporting sleep problems included: reporting an STI diagnosis in the last year (aOR 1.79; 95% CI: 1.05 to 3.05) and reporting monthly or higher polydrug use in the last 3 months (aOR 2.19; 95% CI: 1.14 to 4.24). DISCUSSION Sleep health interventions should be developed for Nigerian GBMSM, which may improve mental health and reduce substance use and sexual risk-taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedotun Ogunbajo
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Health Equity Research, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Arjee Restar
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Health Equity Research, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alberto Edeza
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Health Equity Research, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - William Goedel
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Harry Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Rashidi Williams
- Equality Triangle for Health and Peoples Development Initiative, Warri, Delta, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Rabiu Abubakari
- College of Community and Public Affairs, Binghamton University State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Katie Biello
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Health Equity Research, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Mimiaga
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Health Equity Research, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
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Association Between Age at Smoking Onset and Binge Drinking Among Adults in the Republic of Korea. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00344-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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De Sio S, Tittarelli R, Di Martino G, Buomprisco G, Perri R, Bruno G, Pantano F, Mannocchi G, Marinelli E, Cedrone F. Alcohol consumption and employment: a cross-sectional study of office workers and unemployed people. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8774. [PMID: 32231881 PMCID: PMC7100587 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol is a psychoactive substance with toxic and addictive properties. Biomarkers like GGT, AST, ALT and MCV are influenced by excessive ethanol consumption. Alcohol consumption represents a health risk and it has been linked to unemployment. The aim of this study how working status predict alcohol consumption through a cross sectional study comparing alcohol-related biomarkers levels in office workers and unemployed people. Methods This study includes 157 office workers and 157 unemployed people, who were recruited from January to December 2018. A propensity score matching procedure was applied to obtain two homogenous groups in terms of age and gender. A non-parametric analysis was performed on serum biomarkers that are generally altered by alcohol consumption. Logistic regression models were designed to evaluate how working status predict abnormal biomarker levels related with alcohol consumption. Results No differences in median biomarker values were found between groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that office work is a negative predictor of pathological biomarker levels. Office workers had a significant relation with the levels of GGT (OR 0.48; 95% CI [0.28–0.84]), AST (OR 0.42; 95% CI [0.22–0.78]), ALT (OR 0.39; 95% CI [0.23–0.66]), and MCV (OR 0.37; 95% CI [0.19–0.70]). Conclusion Office workers had lower absolute frequencies of pathological values of alcohol consumption biomarkers, after matching for age and gender compared with unemployed people. In addition, a significant negative association between office work is a negative predictor of biomarker levels of alcohol consumption. These results showed that work is an important determinant of health and that can represent a benefit for workers in terms of reducing the risk of consuming alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone De Sio
- School of Occupational Medicine-U.R. Occupational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Tittarelli
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Martino
- School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University "G.d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Buomprisco
- School of Occupational Medicine-U.R. Occupational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Perri
- School of Occupational Medicine-U.R. Occupational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Bruno
- School of Occupational Medicine-U.R. Occupational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pantano
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology-Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Mannocchi
- Bioethics and Legal Medicine Centre, School of Law, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Enrico Marinelli
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology-Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Cedrone
- School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University "G.d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Abstract
South Africa represents one of the most rapidly aging countries in sub-Saharan Africa with a rising burden of age-related psychological morbidities. Despite having one of the highest human development scores in the region, the country faces serious poverty and food insecurity related challenges. Previous studies have shown a positive association between food insecurity and poor mental health among the adult population, however there is no systematic evidence on this association among the elderly population in an African setting. In the present study, we aimed to address this research gap by analyzing cross-sectional data (n = 931) on the over-50 population (>50 years) from the SAGE (Study on global AGEing and adult health) Well-Being of Older People Study (WOPS) of the World Health Organization, conducted between 2010 and 2013. The outcome variable was perceived depression and the explanatory variables included several sociodemographic factors including self-reported food insecurity. The independent associations between the outcome and explanatory variables were measured using multivariable regression analysis. Results showed that close to a quarter of the population (22.6%, 95% CI = 21.4, 24.7) reported having depression in the last 12 months, with the percentage being markedly higher among women (71.4%). In the multivariable regression analysis, self-reported food insecurity was found to be the strongest predictor of depression among both sexes. For instance, severe food insecurity increased the odds of depression by 4.805 [3.325, 7.911] times among men and by 4.115 [2.030, 8.341] times among women. Based on the present findings, it is suggested that national food security programs focus on promoting food security among the elderly population in an effort to improve their mental health status. Nonetheless, the data were cross-sectional and the associations can’t imply causality.
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The Relationship between the Number of Daily Health-Related Behavioral Risk Factors and Sleep Health of the Elderly in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16244905. [PMID: 31817303 PMCID: PMC6950064 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16244905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the cross-sectional association among a number of daily health-related behavioral risk factors and sleep among Chinese elderly. A sample of 4993 adults, aged 60 years and older, from the China’s Health-Related Quality of Life Survey for Older Adults 2018 was included in this study. Five daily health-related behaviors, which included smoking, drinking, unhealthy eating habits, insufficient leisure activities, and physical inactivity were measured. Sleep disturbances and sleep quality were used to represent the respondents’ sleep status. Multiple logistic regression models and multiple linear regression models were established. The odds ratios (ORs) of sleep disturbances for those with one to five health-related risk behaviors were 1.41 (95% CI = 1.11 to 1.78), 2.09 (95% CI = 1.66 to 2.63), 2.54 (95% CI = 1.99 to 3.25), 2.12 (95% CI = 1.60 to 2.80), and 2.49 (95% CI = 1.70 to 3.65), respectively. Individuals with one health-related risk behavior (B = 0.14, 95% CI = −0.23 to −0.06), two health-related risk behaviors (B = 0.21, 95% CI = −0.30 to −0.13), three health-related risk behaviors (B = 0.46, 95% CI = −0.55 to −0.37), four health-related risk behaviors (B = 0.50, 95% CI = −0.62 to −0.39), and five health-related risk behaviors (B = 0.83, 95% CI = −1.00 to −0.66) showed lower scores of self-perceived sleep quality. Having multiple health-risk behaviors was positively correlated with a higher risk of sleep disturbances among Chinese elderly. Moreover, elderly individuals with multiple health-related risk behaviors were significantly associated with poorer sleep quality.
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Abstract
Alcohol use during adolescence is an important and modifiable health risk behavior given the significant acute consequences and long-term impacts on the developing brain. Alcohol is the most common substance used by young adults 12 to 17 years old, with binge drinking, polysubstance use, and co-occurring mental health disorders posing particular concerns in this age group. Physicians can play a crucial role in screening and responding to alcohol use, with targeted brief interventions designed to delay or decrease use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Bagley
- Boston Medical Center, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 2nd floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Sharon Levy
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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31
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Adolescent substance use and its association to sleep disturbances: A systematic review. Sleep Health 2019; 5:382-394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Nasreddine L, Taktouk M, Dabbous M, Melki J. The extent, nature, and nutritional quality of foods advertised to children in Lebanon: the first study to use the WHO nutrient profile model for the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Food Nutr Res 2019; 63:1604. [PMID: 30814919 PMCID: PMC6385796 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v63.1604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Exposure to food marketing may influence children’s food preferences and consumption patterns and may increase the risk of childhood obesity. The WHO Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) has recently released a regional nutrient profile model (WHO EMR) for the purpose of regulating the marketing of food and beverages to children. This study aimed at 1) analyzing the frequency and types of food and drink advertisements during children’s viewing time in Lebanon; 2) examining the nutritional content of the advertised food products in reference to the nutrient thresholds specified by the WHO EMR model; and 3) assessing the proportion of food advertisements that included health messages. Design This study consisted of a cross-sectional content analysis of food advertisements on local TV channels, during children’s viewing time. Setting Three local Lebanese channels with the highest viewership among 4- to 14-year-olds were selected. Recorded broadcasts (September 2016 through January 2017) were analyzed between 3 pm and 10 pm on weekdays and between 8 am and 10 pm on weekend days. Results Approximately 31% of advertisements were for foods or drinks. The proportion of food advertisements was the highest during children’s programs (43%) compared to general viewing (32%) and parental guidance (29%) programs. Approximately 8 out of 10 food advertisements were for products that did not meet the standards of the WHO EMR model. Of concern was the heavy advertisement of alcoholic beverages during programs for general audiences. The majority of the advertisements that comprised a health claim were for foods that did not meet the WHO EMR’s nutritional standards (79%). Conclusions The findings of this study, which is the first to utilize the new WHO EMR profile model, should be viewed as a foundation for the development of food marketing policies aimed at reducing children’s exposure to TV food advertisements in Lebanon, a country that harbors a high burden of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Nasreddine
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mandy Taktouk
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Massar Dabbous
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jad Melki
- Department of Communication Arts, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Jiménez R, Anupol J, Cajal B, Gervilla E. Data mining techniques for drug use research. Addict Behav Rep 2018; 8:128-135. [PMID: 30263927 PMCID: PMC6156801 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug use motives are relevant to understand substance use amongst students. Data mining techniques present some advantages that can help to improve our understanding of drug use issue. The aim of this paper is to explore, through data mining techniques, the reasons why students use drugs. A random cluster sampling of schools was conducted in the island of Mallorca. Participants were 9300 students (52.9% girls) aged between 14 and 18 years old (M = 15.59, SD = 1.17). They answered an anonymous questionnaire about the frequency and type of drug used, as well as the motives. Five classifiers techniques are compared; all of them have much better performance (% of correct classifications) than the simplest classifier (more repeated category: drug use/never drug use) in all the compared drugs (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, cocaine). Nevertheless, alcohol and tobacco have the lower percentage of correct classifications concerning the drug use motives, whereas these use motives have better classification performance when predicts cannabis and cocaine use. When we analyse the specific motives that better predicts the category classification (drug use/never drug use), the following reasons are highlighted in all of them: "pleasant activity" (most frequent among drug users), and "friends consume" and "addiction" (both of them most frequent among never drug users). These results relate to the social dimension of drug use and agree with the statement that environmental context influences adolescent's involvement in risk behaviours. Implications of these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elena Gervilla
- University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Yaya S, Wang R, Shangfeng T, Ghose B. Alcohol consumption and sleep deprivation among Ghanaian adults: Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5750. [PMID: 30324025 PMCID: PMC6183558 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Heavy consumption of alcohol has shown to be associated with sleep disturbances among adult and elderly people in high income settings. So far, the relationship between alcohol drinking and sleeping pattern has not been studied in an African setting. Therefore, in this study we investigated whether alcohol consumption has any influence on sleeping hours among adult men and women in Ghana. METHODS Data for this survey were extracted from Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS 2008). GDHS is the only cross-sectional survey conducted on men and women aged above 15 years that collected information on variables such as sleeping hours and alcohol consumption. The analysis was controlled for various demographic, socioeconomic, household level factors, and smoking. RESULTS Prevalence of sleeping 1-3 h, 4-6 h, and >7 h was respectively 1.5% (1.2-2.0), 14.1% (12-16.5), and 84.4% (82.1-86.4), and that of alcohol use was 26.9% (23.4-30.6). In the multivariable regression analysis, compared with non-drinkers, those reported drinking had significantly lower odds of sleeping for at least 7 h. In the adjusted model, drinkers had 0.8 times (adjusted OR = 0.803, (95% CI [0.690-0.935])) lower odds of sleeping for at least 7 h. The odds for sleeping 4-6 h were not statistically significant. In the stratified analysis, the odds of sleeping for at least seven were comparatively lower among women (adjusted OR = 0.657, (95% CI [0.509-0.849]) then among men (adjusted OR = 0.867, (95% CI [0.740-0.965]). CONCLUSION Men and women who reported consuming alcohol had significantly lower odds of getting adequate sleep (>7 h). The sleep-disrupting effect of alcohol appeared to be more prominent among women than among men. Currently there is not sufficient evidence on alcohol consumption and sleep disorder among Ghanaian population or any other country in the region. Further studies are required to understand sleeping patterns and the burden of alcohol drinking in this population to design intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tang Shangfeng
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bishwajit Ghose
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Sharma R, Sahota P, Thakkar MM. A single episode of binge alcohol drinking causes sleep disturbance, disrupts sleep homeostasis, and down-regulates equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1. J Neurochem 2018; 146:304-321. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Sharma
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital and Department of Neurology; School of Medicine; University of Missouri- Columbia; Columbias Missouri USA
| | - Pradeep Sahota
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital and Department of Neurology; School of Medicine; University of Missouri- Columbia; Columbias Missouri USA
| | - Mahesh M. Thakkar
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital and Department of Neurology; School of Medicine; University of Missouri- Columbia; Columbias Missouri USA
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Curtis BL, Lookatch SJ, Ramo DE, McKay JR, Feinn RS, Kranzler HR. Meta-Analysis of the Association of Alcohol-Related Social Media Use with Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol-Related Problems in Adolescents and Young Adults. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:978-986. [PMID: 29786874 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Despite the pervasive use of social media by young adults, there is comparatively little known about whether, and how, engagement in social media influences this group's drinking patterns and risk of alcohol-related problems. We examined the relations between young adults' alcohol-related social media engagement (defined as the posting, liking, commenting, and viewing of alcohol-related social media content) and their drinking behavior and problems. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating the association of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems with alcohol-related social media engagement. Summary baseline variables regarding the social media platform used (e.g., Facebook and Twitter), social media measures assessed (e.g., number of alcohol photographs posted), alcohol measures (e.g., Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and Timeline Follow back Interview), and the number of time points at which data were collected were extracted from each published study. We used the Q statistic to examine heterogeneity in the correlations between alcohol-related social media engagement and both drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems. Because there was significant heterogeneity, we used a random-effects model to evaluate the difference from zero of the weighted aggregate correlations. We used metaregression with study characteristics as moderators to test for moderators of the observed heterogeneity. Following screening, 19 articles met inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The primary findings indicated a statistically significant relationship and moderate effect sizes between alcohol-related social media engagement and both alcohol consumption (r = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.44, p < 0.001) and alcohol-related problems (r = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.51, p < 0.001). There was significant heterogeneity among studies. Two significant predictors of heterogeneity were (i) whether there was joint measurement of alcohol-related social media engagement and drinking behavior or these were measured on different occasions and (ii) whether measurements were taken by self-report or observation of social media engagement. We found moderate-sized effects across the 19 studies: Greater alcohol-related social media engagement was correlated with both greater self-reported drinking and alcohol-related problems. Further research to determine the causal direction of these associations could provide opportunities for social media-based interventions with young drinkers aimed at reducing alcohol consumption and alcohol-related adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda L Curtis
- Department of Psychiatry , Perelman School of Medicine, Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Samantha J Lookatch
- Department of Psychiatry , Perelman School of Medicine, Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Veterans Integrated Service Network 4 , Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Danielle E Ramo
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences , University of California-San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - James R McKay
- Department of Psychiatry , Perelman School of Medicine, Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Veterans Integrated Service Network 4 , Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard S Feinn
- Department of Medical Sciences , Frank H. Netter, MD School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry , Perelman School of Medicine, Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Veterans Integrated Service Network 4 , Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Wang H, Hu R, Zhong J, Du H, Fiona B, Wang M, Yu M. Binge drinking and associated factors among school students: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang Province, China. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021077. [PMID: 29654047 PMCID: PMC5898305 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and correlating factors of binge drinking among middle and high school students in Zhejiang Province, China. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study using data from a school-based survey. A total of 23 543 (response rate=97.5%) eligible adolescents from 442 different schools (including middle schools, academic high schools and vocational high schools) were asked to fill in an anonymous self-administered behaviour questionnaire between April and May 2017. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of sociodemographic and behavioural factors with binge drinking. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of participants was 15.6 (1.7) years and 51.3% were boys. The proportions of students from middle schools, academic high schools and vocational high schools were 51.9%, 27.5% and 20.6%, respectively. In total, 22.8% (95% CI 21.6 to 23.9) of students reported drinking alcohol in the past 30 days and 9.2% (95% CI 8.5 to 10.0) of students reported binge drinking (defined as drinking four or more alcoholic drinks in 1-2 hours period among girls and five or more alcoholic drinks among boys) during the past month. The prevalence of binge drinking was highest among vocational high school students (17.9% vs 6.3% and 7.7% among middle school and academic high school students, respectively). Older age, studying at high school, poor academic performance, higher levels of physical activity, excessive screen-time, loneliness, insomnia, previous suicide attempt, cigarette smoking, fighting, being bullied and sexual experience were found to be positively associated with adolescent binge drinking. CONCLUSIONS Binge drinking is common among middle and high school students in Zhejiang, China. Efforts to prevent binge drinking may need to address a cluster of sociodemographic and behavioural factors. Our findings provide information to enable healthcare providers to identify students at high-risk of binge drinking and to inform planning of intervention measures for at-risk students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruying Hu
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jieming Zhong
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaidong Du
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bragg Fiona
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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Simou E, Britton J, Leonardi-Bee J. Alcohol and the risk of sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med 2018; 42:38-46. [PMID: 29458744 PMCID: PMC5840512 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between alcohol consumption and risk of sleep apnoea in adults. Methods We searched Medline, EMBASE and Web of Science databases from 1985 to 2015 for comparative epidemiological studies assessing the relation between alcohol consumption and sleep apnoea. Two authors independently screened and extracted data. Random effects meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was quantified using I2 and explored using subgroup analyses based on study exposure and outcome measures, quality, design, adjustment for confounders and geographical location. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's test. Results We identified 21 studies from which estimates of relative risk could be obtained. Meta-analysis of these estimates demonstrated that higher levels of alcohol consumption increased the risk of sleep apnoea by 25% (RR 1.25, 95%CI 1.13–1.38, I2 = 82%, p < 0.0001). This estimate's differences were robust in alcohol consumption and sleep apnoea definitions, study design, and quality but was greater in Low and Middle Income Country locations. We detected evidence of publication bias (p = 0.001). A further eight included studies reported average alcohol consumption in people with and without sleep apnoea. Meta-analysis revealed that mean alcohol intake was two units/week higher in those with sleep apnoea, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.41). Conclusion These findings suggest that alcohol consumption is associated with a higher risk of sleep apnoea, further supporting evidence that reducing alcohol intake is of potential therapeutic and preventive value in this condition. Alcohol consumption increased the risk of sleep apnoea by 25%. Findings were robust to differences in definitions of alcohol consumption and sleep apnoea. Association appeared stronger low and middle income countries. Timing and regularity of alcohol consumption likely to be important to its effect on OSA. Recommend advising against alcohol in people with, or at risk of, OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Simou
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK.
| | - John Britton
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK.
| | - Jo Leonardi-Bee
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK.
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Krieger H, Young CM, Anthenien AM, Neighbors C. The Epidemiology of Binge Drinking Among College-Age Individuals in the United States. Alcohol Res 2018; 39:23-30. [PMID: 30557145 PMCID: PMC6104967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rates of alcohol consumption continue to be a concern, particularly for individuals who are college age. Drinking patterns have changed over time, with the frequency of binge drinking (consuming four/five or more drinks for women/men) remaining high (30% to 40%). Young adults in the college age range are developmentally and socially at higher risk for drinking at binge levels. Changes in autonomy, parental control, norms, and attitudes affect binge drinking behaviors. This article reviews those changes, as well as the individual and environmental factors that increase or decrease the risk of participating in binge drinking behaviors. Risk factors include risky drinking events (e.g., 21st birthdays), other substance use, and drinking to cope, while protective factors include religious beliefs, low normative perceptions of drinking, and use of protective behavioral strategies. Additionally, this article discusses the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive consequences of consuming alcohol at binge levels. Alcohol policies and prevention and intervention techniques need to incorporate these factors to reduce experiences of alcohol-related problems. Targeting policy changes and prevention and intervention efforts toward young adults may increase effectiveness and prevent both short- and long-term consequences of binge drinking.
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40
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Gil-Hernandez S, Mateos P, Porras C, Garcia-Gomez R, Navarro E, Garcia-Moreno LM. Alcohol Binge Drinking and Executive Functioning during Adolescent Brain Development. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1638. [PMID: 29046650 PMCID: PMC5632721 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption in adolescents causes negative effects on familiar, social, academic life, as well as neurocognitive alterations. The binge drinking (BD) pattern of alcohol is characterized by the alternation of episodes of heavy drinking in a short interval of time, and periods of abstinence, a practice that can result in important brain alterations; even more than regular alcohol consumption. The prefrontal cortex, which acts as neural support for the executive processes, is particularly affected by alcohol; however, not all studies are in agreement about how BD alcohol consumption affects executive functioning. Some research has found that alcohol consumption in adolescence does not significantly affect executive functioning while others found it does. It is possible that these discrepancies could be due to the history of alcohol consumption, that is, at what age the subjects started drinking. The aim of our study is to assess the performance on executive functioning tasks of 13–19-year-old adolescents according to their pattern of alcohol consumption. We hypothesize that BD adolescents will perform worse than non-BD subjects in tasks that evaluate executive functions, and these differences will increase depending on how long they have been consuming alcohol. Three hundred and twenty-two students (48.14% females; age range 13–22 years; mean aged 16.7 ± 2.59) participated in the study; all of them had begun drinking at the age of 13 years. Participant were divided into three groups, according to their age range (13–15, 16–18, and 19–22 years) and divided according to their pattern of alcohol consumption (BD and control groups). Then, the subjects were evaluated with neuropsychological tasks that assess executive functions like working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, or self-control among others. The entire sample showed a normal improvement in their executive performance, but this improvement was more stable and robust in the control group. Regarding the executive performance among age groups, control subjects only obtained better results than BDs in the 19–22-year-old range, whereas the performance was quite similar at younger ages. Considering that all the BD subjects started drinking at the same age (13 years old), it is possible that a kind of compensation mechanism exists in the adolescent brain which allows them to reach a normal performance in executive tasks. This theoretical mechanism would depend upon neuronal labor, which could lose efficacy over time with further alcohol ingestion. This process would account for the differences in neuropsychological performance, which were only observed in older students with a longer history of alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Gil-Hernandez
- Department of Didactics and School Organization, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Mateos
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Porras
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Garcia-Gomez
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Navarro
- Department of Methodology, Research, and Diagnosis in Education, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Garcia-Moreno
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Holway GV, Umberson D, Thomeer MB. Binge Drinking and Depression: The Influence of Romantic Partners in Young Adulthood. SOCIETY AND MENTAL HEALTH 2017; 7:36-49. [PMID: 28642834 PMCID: PMC5476307 DOI: 10.1177/2156869316674056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although research shows that spouses influence each other's health behaviors and psychological well-being, we know little about whether these patterns extend to young people in nonmarital as well as marital relationships. We use the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to consider how a romantic partner's binge drinking and depression influence the respondent's binge drinking and depression within 1,111 young adult couples and explore whether these processes are moderated by gender. We find that partners' binge drinking is associated with increased odds of binge drinking for respondents, and partners' depression is associated with increased odds of depression for respondents. Further, depression among men is associated with reduced odds of binge drinking among their female partners. Findings suggest that processes of partner influence begin even in young adulthood with implications for cumulative effects on lifelong health behaviors and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Valle Holway
- Corresponding Author: Giuseppina Valle Holway, Department of Demography, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 501 West Cesar E Chavez Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA, , Phone: 210-458-3165
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Miller MB, Van Reen E, Barker DH, Roane BM, Borsari B, McGeary JE, Seifer R, Carskadon MA. The impact of sleep and psychiatric symptoms on alcohol consequences among young adults. Addict Behav 2017; 66:138-144. [PMID: 27940388 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Independent lines of research have documented links between psychiatric symptoms and poor sleep quality, psychiatric symptoms and alcohol use, and alcohol use and poor sleep quality. The current study examined the synergistic effect of poor sleep quality and psychiatric symptoms on alcohol-related consequences in heavy-drinking young adults. METHOD Matriculating college students reporting at least one heavy drinking episode over the first nine weeks of the semester (N=385, 52% female) were categorized as experiencing 'good' (n=280) versus 'poor' sleep quality (n=105) and screening 'positive' (n=203) or 'negative' (n=182) for a psychiatric disorder. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; psychiatric diagnosis was assessed using the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire; and alcohol-related consequences were assessed using the Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire. General linear models were used to examine the main effects and interaction between sleep quality and psychiatric symptoms on alcohol-related consequences. RESULTS Sleep quality moderated the association between psychiatric screen and alcohol-related consequences among heavy-drinking college students, such that psychiatric symptoms were associated with more alcohol-related consequences in the context of poor sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS The combination of poor sleep quality and psychiatric symptoms is associated with increased alcohol-related consequences among heavy-drinking college students. Given the significant interaction between these symptoms, healthcare providers are encouraged to screen for the presence of sleep and psychiatric disorders among heavy-drinking young adults and to provide empirically-supported treatments as appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Miller
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI 02912, United States.
| | - Eliza Van Reen
- Sleep for Science Research Lab, Brown University, 300 Duncan Drive, Providence, RI 02906, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin Street, Coro West Suite 204, Providence, RI 02903, United States
| | - David H Barker
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin Street, Coro West Suite 204, Providence, RI 02903, United States; Sleep for Science Research Lab, Brown University, 300 Duncan Drive, Providence, RI 02906, United States
| | - Brandy M Roane
- Sleep for Science Research Lab, Brown University, 300 Duncan Drive, Providence, RI 02906, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin Street, Coro West Suite 204, Providence, RI 02903, United States; University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Brian Borsari
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, United States
| | - John E McGeary
- Providence VA Medical Center, 830 Chalkstone Ave, Providence, RI 02908, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin Street, Coro West Suite 204, Providence, RI 02903, United States
| | - Ronald Seifer
- Sleep for Science Research Lab, Brown University, 300 Duncan Drive, Providence, RI 02906, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin Street, Coro West Suite 204, Providence, RI 02903, United States
| | - Mary A Carskadon
- Sleep for Science Research Lab, Brown University, 300 Duncan Drive, Providence, RI 02906, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin Street, Coro West Suite 204, Providence, RI 02903, United States; School of Psychology, Social Work, and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Holway GV, Tillman KH, Brewster KL. Binge Drinking in Young Adulthood: The Influence of Age at First Intercourse and Rate of Sex Partner Accumulation. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2017; 46:525-537. [PMID: 26400653 PMCID: PMC4828321 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-015-0597-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
There has been growing attention to the influence of youths' sexual experiences on alcohol use and other health-risk behaviors. Yet, because of the cross-sectional nature of many studies, as well as the likelihood of alcohol use and sexual behaviors to co-occur, the question of whether initiation of sexual activity tends to precede engagement in other behaviors, like binge drinking, remains largely unanswered. Using data from 4726 respondents who participated in Waves I through IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), we examined the association between age at first intercourse and frequent binge drinking during one's mid-twenties and early thirties. We further explored whether this relationship was mediated or moderated by the rate at which individuals accumulated sex partners during the transition to adulthood. Findings showed for women and men, later ages at first intercourse were associated with lower odds of frequent binge drinking in young adulthood. While rate of sex partner accumulation partially mediated this association, it did not moderate it. Furthermore, rate of partner accumulation was positively associated with binge drinking, particularly among women, with a quicker accumulation of sex partners associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in frequent binge drinking. Our findings underscore the importance of considering multiple dimensions of a single behavior and their relation to subsequent health-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Valle Holway
- Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, Stop G1800, Austin, TX, 78712-1699, USA.
| | - Kathryn Harker Tillman
- Center for Demography and Population Health, Department of Sociology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Karin L Brewster
- Center for Demography and Population Health, Department of Sociology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
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Disruption of adolescents’ circadian clock: The vicious circle of media use, exposure to light at night, sleep loss and risk behaviors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 110:467-479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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45
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Lydon DM, Ram N, Conroy DE, Pincus AL, Geier CF, Maggs JL. The within-person association between alcohol use and sleep duration and quality in situ: An experience sampling study. Addict Behav 2016; 61:68-73. [PMID: 27249804 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite evidence for detrimental effects of alcohol on sleep quality in laboratory studies, alcohol is commonly used as a self-prescribed sleep aid. This study examined the within-person associations of alcohol use with sleep duration and quality in everyday life to gain insight into the ecological validity of laboratory findings on the association between sleep and alcohol. METHOD A sample of 150 adults (age 19-89years) were followed for 60+days as part of an intensive experience sampling study wherein participants provided daily reports of their alcohol use, sleep duration, and sleep quality. Within-person and between-person associations of daily sleep duration and quality with alcohol use were examined using multilevel models. RESULTS A significant, negative within-person association was observed between sleep quality and alcohol use. Sleep quality was lower on nights following alcohol use. Sleep duration did not vary as a function of within-person variation in alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS In line with laboratory assessments, alcohol use was associated with low sleep quality but was not associated with sleep duration, suggesting that laboratory findings generalize to everyday life. This examination of individuals' daily lives suggests that alcohol does not systematically improve sleep quality or duration in real life.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Lydon
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, United States.
| | - Nilam Ram
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, United States; German Institute for Economic Research (DIW), Berlin, Germany
| | - David E Conroy
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, United States; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, United States
| | - Aaron L Pincus
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, United States
| | - Charles F Geier
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, United States
| | - Jennifer L Maggs
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, United States
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Hunt EJF, Greenberg N, Jones N. Poor sleep after military deployment: associations with mental health difficulties. Occup Med (Lond) 2016; 66:669-675. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqw116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Suryanarayanan A, Carter JM, Landin JD, Morrow AL, Werner DF, Spigelman I. Role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in regulation of GABAergic transmission and acute response to ethanol. Neuropharmacology 2016; 107:181-188. [PMID: 27016017 PMCID: PMC5076550 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that ethanol (EtOH) exposure activates neuroimmune signaling. Alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokines after acute and chronic EtOH exposure have been heavily investigated. In contrast, little is known about the regulation of neurotransmission and/or modulation by anti-inflammatory cytokines in the brain after an acute EtOH exposure. Recent evidence suggests that interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, is upregulated during withdrawal from chronic EtOH exposure. In the present study, we show that IL-10 is increased early (1 h) after a single intoxicating dose of EtOH (5 g/kg, intragastric) in Sprague Dawley rats. We also show that IL-10 rapidly regulates GABAergic transmission in dentate gyrus neurons. In brain slice recordings, IL-10 application dose-dependently decreases miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) area and frequency, and decreases the magnitude of the picrotoxin sensitive tonic current (Itonic), indicating both pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms. A PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (but not the negative control LY303511) ablated the inhibitory effects of IL-10 on mIPSC area and Itonic, but not on mIPSC frequency, indicating the involvement of PI3K in postsynaptic effects of IL-10 on GABAergic transmission. Lastly, we also identify a novel neurobehavioral regulation of EtOH sensitivity by IL-10, whereby IL-10 attenuates acute EtOH-induced hypnosis. These results suggest that EtOH causes an early release of IL-10 in the brain, which may contribute to neuronal hyperexcitability as well as disturbed sleep seen after binge exposure to EtOH. These results also identify IL-10 signaling as a potential therapeutic target in alcohol-use disorders and other CNS disorders where GABAergic transmission is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Suryanarayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - J M Carter
- Department of Psychology, Center for Development and Behavioral Neuroscience, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - J D Landin
- Department of Psychology, Center for Development and Behavioral Neuroscience, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - A L Morrow
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - D F Werner
- Department of Psychology, Center for Development and Behavioral Neuroscience, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - I Spigelman
- Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, School of Dentistry, 63-078 CHS, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Van Reen E, Roane BM, Barker DH, McGeary JE, Borsari B, Carskadon MA. Current Alcohol Use is Associated with Sleep Patterns in First-Year College Students. Sleep 2016; 39:1321-6. [PMID: 27070138 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.5862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To examine whether differences exist in self-reported sleep patterns and self-reported alcohol use for first-semester college students who do or do not report drinking during the last 6 months (mo) of high school. METHODS Participants were 878 first-year college students. Students completed a survey in late May/early June about alcohol use and consequences, during the last 6 mo of high school; they later completed a daily record of sleep behavior and alcohol use across the first 9 weeks of the first semester of college. High school drinking status (past 6 mo) was classified as positive (HS-6 mo+) or negative (HS-6mo-) based on any indication of drinking on the May/June survey. Collegiate drinking was determined from first-semester daily diary alcohol reports as non-drinkers (0 reported drinks), drinkers (one or fewer heavy episodic drinking episodes (HED)), and drinkers reporting more than one HED episode. Sleep patterns were compared for non-drinkers, drinkers, and HED with no high school drinking history (HS-6mo-/HED). In addition, a separate analysis compared sleep patterns for college HED with (HS-6mo+/HED) and without (HS-6mo-/HED) high school self-reported alcohol use. RESULTS Increased alcohol consumption in the first semester of college was associated with later bedtimes and rise times. We found no association of high school alcohol use and sleep in those with collegiate HED. CONCLUSIONS Later sleep timing in those with greater alcohol use, supports a connection between sleep patterns and alcohol use. Such an early appearance of this connection may herald the development of alcohol use disorder in some individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Van Reen
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, RI.,E.P. Bradley Hospital, Sleep for Science Laboratory, Providence, RI
| | - Brandy M Roane
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, RI.,E.P. Bradley Hospital, Sleep for Science Laboratory, Providence, RI.,University of North Texas Health Science Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Fort Worth, TX
| | - David H Barker
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, RI.,E.P. Bradley Hospital, Sleep for Science Laboratory, Providence, RI
| | - John E McGeary
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, RI.,Mental Health and Behavioral Sciences Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI
| | - Brian Borsari
- Mental Health and Behavioral Sciences Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI.,Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Mary A Carskadon
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, RI.,E.P. Bradley Hospital, Sleep for Science Laboratory, Providence, RI
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Schulenberg JE, Patrick ME, Kloska DD, Maslowsky J, Maggs JL, O'Malley PM. Substance Use Disorder in Early Midlife: A National Prospective Study on Health and Well-Being Correlates and Long-Term Predictors. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2016; 9:41-57. [PMID: 27257384 PMCID: PMC4881872 DOI: 10.4137/sart.s31437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study used national multicohort panel data from the Monitoring the Future study (N = 25,536 from senior year classes 1977–1997 followed up to the age of 35 years in 1994–2014) to examine how early midlife (age 35 years) alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cannabis use disorder (CUD) are associated with adolescent and adult sociodemographics and health and well-being risk factors. Survey items adapted from DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were used to identify individuals who (a) showed symptoms consistent with criteria for AUD or CUD at age 35 years, (b) used the substance without qualifying for a disorder (nondisordered users), and (c) abstained from using alcohol or marijuana during the past five years. At age 35 years, the estimated prevalence of past five-year AUD was 28.0%, and that of CUD was 6.1%. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to identify variations in the relative risk of disorder symptoms as a function of sociodemographic characteristics, age 18 educational and social indices and substance use, and age 35 health and satisfaction indices and substance use. In the full models, age 18 binge drinking and marijuana use were found to be among the strongest predictors of age 35 AUD and CUD, respectively. Among age 35 health and well-being indicators, lower overall health, more frequent cognitive difficulties, and lower satisfaction with spouse/partner were consistently associated with greater risks of AUD and CUD. Some evidence was found for a J-shaped association between age 35 AUD or CUD status and health and well-being indices, such that nondisordered users were sometimes better off than both abstainers and those experiencing disorder. Finally, nondisordered cannabis use, but not CUD, was found to be more common in more recent cohorts. Implications are discussed regarding the importance of placing early midlife substance use disorder within the context of both adolescent substance use and adult health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Schulenberg
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Megan E Patrick
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Deborah D Kloska
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Julie Maslowsky
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer L Maggs
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Patrick M O'Malley
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Dom G, Samochowiec J, Evans-Lacko S, Wahlbeck K, Van Hal G, McDaid D. The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13010122. [PMID: 26771628 PMCID: PMC4730513 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: From 2008 on, a severe economic crisis (EC) has characterized the European Union (E.U.). However, changes in substance use behavioral patterns as a result of the economic crisis in Europe, have been poorly reflected upon, and underlying mechanisms remain to be identified; Methods: In this review we explore and systematize the available data on the effect of the 2008 economic crisis on patterns of substance use and related disorders, within the E.U. countries; Results: The results show that effects of the recession need to be differentiated. A number of studies point to reductions in population’s overall substance use. In contrast, an increase in harmful use and negative effects is found within specific subgroups within the society. Risk factors include job-loss and long-term unemployment, and pre-existing vulnerabilities. Finally, our findings point to differences between types of substances in their response on economic crisis periods; Conclusions: the effects of the 2008 economic crisis on substance use patterns within countries of the European Union are two-sided. Next to a reduction in a population’s overall substance use, a number of vulnerable subgroups experience serious negative effects. These groups are in need of specific attention and support, given that there is a real risk that they will continue to suffer negative health effects long after the economic downfall has formally been ended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert Dom
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Antwerp University, Antwerp 2640, Belgium.
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 71-460, Poland.
| | - Sara Evans-Lacko
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | | | - Guido Van Hal
- Medical Sociology and Health Policy, Antwerp University, Antwerp 2640, Belgium.
| | - David McDaid
- Personal Social Services Research Unit, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, UK.
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