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Ziyab AH, Mohammad A, Almousa Z, Mohammad T. Sex differences in the association between vitamin D and prediabetes in adults: A cross-sectional study. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:49. [PMID: 38956028 PMCID: PMC11219834 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00311-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Vitamin D status has been shown to be associated with prediabetes risk. However, epidemiologic evidence on whether sex modulates the association between vitamin D and prediabetes is limited. The present study investigated sex-specific associations between vitamin D and prediabetes. SUBJECTS/METHODS The Kuwait Wellbeing Study, a population-based cross-sectional study, enrolled nondiabetic adults. Prediabetes was defined as 5.7 ≤ HbA1c% ≤6.4; 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured in venous blood and analyzed as a continuous, dichotomous (deficiency: <50 nmol/L vs. insufficiency/sufficiency ≥50 nmol/L), and categorical (tertiles) variable. Associations were evaluated by estimating adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), while stratifying by sex. RESULTS A total of 384 participants (214 males and 170 females) were included in the current analysis, with a median age of 40.5 (interquartile range: 33.0-48.0) years. The prevalence of prediabetes was 35.2%, and 63.0% of participants had vitamin D deficiency. Assessments of statistical interaction between sex and 25(OH)D status were statistically significant (PSex × 25(OH)D Interaction < 0.05). In the sex-stratified analysis, after adjustment for confounding factors, decreased 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased prevalence of prediabetes in males (aPRDeficiency vs. In-/Sufficiency: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.36-4.07), but not in females (aPRDeficiency vs. In-/Sufficiency: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.60-1.77). Moreover, the prevalence of prediabetes differed between males and females at 25(OH)D levels of ≤35 nmol/L, with a higher prevalence of prediabetes in males compared to females. Such a sex-specific difference was not observed at 25(OH)D levels of >35 nmol/L. CONCLUSIONS Sex modified the association between vitamin D levels and prediabetes, with an inverse association observed among males, but not among females. Moreover, the observed sex-disparity in the prevalence of prediabetes was only pronounced at 25(OH)D levels of ≤35 nmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Ziyab
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Anwar Mohammad
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Zainab Almousa
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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Yousef H, Feng SF, Jelinek HF. Exploratory risk prediction of type II diabetes with isolation forests and novel biomarkers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14409. [PMID: 38909127 PMCID: PMC11193708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rising global health burden due to its rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide, and can result in serious complications. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to identify individuals at risk as early as possible to avoid long-term T2DM complications. In this study, we developed an interpretable machine learning model leveraging baseline levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction (MD) for identifying individuals at risk of developing T2DM. In particular, Isolation Forest (iForest) was applied as an anomaly detection algorithm to address class imbalance. iForest was trained on the control group data to detect cases of high risk for T2DM development as outliers. Two iForest models were trained and evaluated through ten-fold cross-validation, the first on traditional biomarkers (BMI, blood glucose levels (BGL) and triglycerides) alone and the second including the additional aforementioned biomarkers. The second model outperformed the first across all evaluation metrics, particularly for F1 score and recall, which were increased from 0.61 ± 0.05 to 0.81 ± 0.05 and 0.57 ± 0.06 to 0.81 ± 0.08, respectively. The feature importance scores identified a novel combination of biomarkers, including interleukin-10 (IL-10), 8-isoprostane, humanin (HN), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), which were revealed to be more influential than the traditional biomarkers in the outcome prediction. These results reveal a promising method for simultaneously predicting and understanding the risk of T2DM development and suggest possible pharmacological intervention to address inflammation and OS early in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibba Yousef
- Biotechnology Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, Masdar City, P. O. Box 9639, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Samuel F Feng
- Department of Science and Engineering, Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- SUAD Research Institute, Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Herbert F Jelinek
- Department of Medical Sciences, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Zhang H, Guo Y, Hua G, Guo C, Gong S, Li M, Yang Y. Exercise training modalities in prediabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1308959. [PMID: 38440785 PMCID: PMC10911289 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1308959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle modification based on exercise intervention is still the primary way to delay or reverse the development of diabetes in patients with prediabetes. However, there are still challenges in setting up a detailed exercise prescription for people with prediabetes. This study mainly ranks exercise prescriptions by comparing the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism and the level of weight loss in patients. Method All studies on exercise intervention in prediabetes were identified by searching five electronic databases. Risk assessment and meta-analysis were performed on eligible studies. Results Twenty-four studies involving 1946 patients with prediabetes and seven exercise intervention models were included in the final analysis. The meta-analysis showed that exercise of any type was more effective for glycemic control in prediabetes than no exercise. However, the changes in blood glucose were moderate. In prediabetes, combining moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with low-to moderate-load resistance training showed the most significant improvements in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), body weight (BW), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (P-score=0.82; 0.70; 0.87; 1; 0.99), low-to moderate-load resistance training showed the most significant improvements in fasting blood glucose (FBG) (P-score=0.98), the vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise showed the most significant improvements in 2-hour post-meal blood glucose (2hPG) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P-score=0.79; 0.78), and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise showed the most significant improvements in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P-score=0.78). Conclusion In summary, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, low-to moderate-load resistance training and the combination of both have beneficial effects on glycemic control, weight loss, and cardiovascular health in patients with prediabetes. These findings provide valuable guidance for rehabilitation clinicians and patients alike to follow. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD 42021284922.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangshun Hua
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenyang Guo
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Simiao Gong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Medical Department of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Zheng X, Zhang X, Han Y, Hu H, Cao C. Nonlinear relationship between atherogenic index of plasma and the risk of prediabetes: a retrospective study based on Chinese adults. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:205. [PMID: 37563588 PMCID: PMC10416492 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) can reflect the burden of atherosclerosis. Hyperglycemia is one of the leading causes of atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between AIP and prediabetes is rarely studied. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between AIP and prediabetes. METHODS This retrospective cohort study recruited 100,069 Chinese adults at the Rich Healthcare Group from 2010 to 2016. AIP was calculated according to Log10 (triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) formula. Cox regression method, sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were used to examine the relationship between AIP and prediabetes. Cox proportional hazards regression with cubic spline functions and smooth curve fitting was performed to explore the non-linearity between AIP and prediabetes. The two-piece Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to determine the inflection point of AIP on the risk of prediabetes. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding covariates, AIP was positively associated with prediabetes (HR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.31-1.52, P < 0.0001). The two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards regression model discovered that the AIP's inflection point was 0.03 (P for log-likelihood ratio test < 0.001). AIP was positively associated with the risk of prediabetes when AIP ≤ 0.03 (HR: 1.90, 95%CI: 1.66-2.16, P < 0.0001). In contrast, When AIP > 0.03, their association was not significant (HR: 1.04, 95%CI: 0.91-1.19, P = 0.5528). CONCLUSION This study shows that AIP was positively and non-linearly associated with the risk of prediabetes after adjusting for other confounding factors. When AIP ≤ 0.03, AIP was positively associated with the risk of prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Samii Medical Center (The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Dapeng New District Nan'ao People's Hospital, No. 6, Renmin Road, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518000, China
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No.3002, Sungang West Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518000, China.
| | - Haofei Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No.3002, Sungang West Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518000, China.
| | - Changchun Cao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Dapeng New District Nan'ao People's Hospital, No. 6, Renmin Road, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518000, China.
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Das D, Shruthi NR, Banerjee A, Jothimani G, Duttaroy AK, Pathak S. Endothelial dysfunction, platelet hyperactivity, hypertension, and the metabolic syndrome: molecular insights and combating strategies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1221438. [PMID: 37614749 PMCID: PMC10442661 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1221438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifaceted condition that increases the possibility of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. MetS includes obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet hyperactivity. There is a concerning rise in the occurrence and frequency of MetS globally. The rising incidence and severity of MetS need a proactive, multipronged strategy for identifying and treating those affected. For many MetS patients, achieving recommended goals for healthy fat intake, blood pressure control, and blood glucose management may require a combination of medicine therapy, lifestyles, nutraceuticals, and others. However, it is essential to note that lifestyle modification should be the first-line therapy for MetS. In addition, MetS requires pharmacological, nutraceutical, or other interventions. This review aimed to bring together the etiology, molecular mechanisms, and dietary strategies to combat hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet dysfunction in individuals with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptimayee Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagainallur Ravichandran Shruthi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesan Jothimani
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
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Alkhalidi F. A comparative study to assess the use of chromium in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Med Life 2023; 16:1178-1182. [PMID: 38024820 PMCID: PMC10652672 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, often resulting in complications affecting multiple organs, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Among potential interventions, certain micronutrients, like chromium, have the potential to improve glycemic management. The potential of chromium to mitigate insulin resistance and enhance insulin sensitivity through cellular receptors underscores its significance. Conversely, insufficient dietary chromium intake could contribute to diabetes development. This research aimed to evaluate the impact of chromium supplementation among individuals with diabetes. In a single-blind randomized clinical trial, participants aged 40 to 60 years with uncontrolled diabetes were divided into two groups. The intervention group received a daily chromium supplement of 200 mcg and their regular diabetes medication regimen, while the control group received only medication. The follow-up period spanned four months, during which fasting blood sugar, HbA1c levels, and lipid profiles were assessed for both groups, followed by a comparative analysis. Patients had a mean age of 52.3±6.3 years. Males constituted only 47.5% of participants, and women were 52.5%. The initial HbA1c level at the start of the study for individuals receiving chromium was 10.4±2.4. Following the follow-up period, the average HbA1c level decreased significantly to 7.2±1.7, showing a statistically significant difference. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in the mean fasting blood sugar levels, approaching normal levels. These results suggest a beneficial role of chromium supplementation in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, contributing to improved glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Alkhalidi
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, AL-Qadisiyah, Iraq
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Ghaneh T, Zeinali F, Babini H, Astaraki S, Hassan-Zadeh V. An increase in the expression of circulating miR30d-5p and miR126-3p is associated with intermediate hyperglycaemia in Iranian population. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:489-496. [PMID: 33113334 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1839105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent metabolic disease worldwide. The disease is characterised by high blood glucose levels and recently it has been shown that changes in the plasma levels of several miRNAs (miRNA) are associated with the disease. Interestingly, alterations in circulating miRNAs occur years before the onset of the disease and demonstrate predictive power. In this study, we carried out RT-qPCR to examine the plasma levels of two type 2 diabetes specific miRNAs, miR-30d-5p and miR-126-3p in an Iranian population of non-diabetic control individuals, subjects with intermediate hyperglycaemia and type 2 diabetic individuals with hyperglycaemia. We found that the plasma levels of miR-30d and miR-126 increase by 3.1 and 11.16 times, respectively, in individuals with intermediate hyperglycaemia compared to non-diabetic controls. However, no significant changes in the expression of these two miRNAs have been observed between type 2 diabetic individuals and non-diabetic subjects. Our results confirm that alterations in the plasma levels of miR-30d-5p and miR-126-3p could be used as diagnostic markers of type 2 diabetes in the Iranian population as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taravat Ghaneh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zeinali
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosna Babini
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Vahideh Hassan-Zadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Sun H, Xu L, Liu L, Zhan S, Wang S, Song Y. Predictive Efficiency of Prediabetes for Diabetes Among Chinese Middle-Aged and Older Populations: a 5-Year National Prospective Cohort Study. J Gen Intern Med 2023; 38:667-674. [PMID: 35819686 PMCID: PMC9971401 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-022-07731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited studies have explored the predictive efficiency of prediabetes based on two definitions for diabetes among Chinese middle-aged and older populations with prediabetes. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the predictive efficiency of prediabetes based on two definitions for diabetes and the clinical and public health benefit in Chinese middle-aged and older populations. DESIGN A 5-year cohort study from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 5208 participants who had blood sample data at baseline in 2011. MAIN MEASURES The exposure was prediabetes based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) and World Health Organization (WHO) definition. The main outcome was incident diabetes. The ability of prediabetes for predicting diabetes was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to explore the associations between prediabetes and the 5-year risk of diabetes and all-cause mortality. KEY RESULTS Among those with prediabetes according to the ADA definition, only 426 (15.45%) with baseline prediabetes progressed to total diabetes, while according to the WHO definition, 208 (21.89%) progressed to total diabetes. In terms of the ability of predicting the incident total diabetes in 5 years, the ADA definition has a higher sensitivity than the WHO definition (70.76% versus 34.55%, P < 0.001), while the WHO definition has a higher specificity than the ADA definition (84.09% versus 49.35%, P < 0.001). Positive predictive values based on the two definitions were low (< 24%); negative predictive values were high (> 90%). CONCLUSIONS Neither definition of prediabetes is robust for predicting diabetes development in Chineses middle-aged and older populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Siyan Zhan
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Center for Intelligent Public Health, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Shengfeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yongfeng Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine & Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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Shi Y, Wen M. Sex-specific differences in the effect of the atherogenic index of plasma on prediabetes and diabetes in the NHANES 2011-2018 population. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:19. [PMID: 36717829 PMCID: PMC9887826 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although a great deal of scientific evidence on the epidemiological risk factors for diabetes and prediabetes has been accumulated, there is still insufficient evidence to explore sex-related differences. The aim of this study was to examine sex-specific differences in the effect of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) on prediabetes and diabetes. METHODS This cross-sectional study included data from 10099 American adults. The exposure variable was the AIP, which was defined as log10 (triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). The outcome variables included prediabetes and diabetes defined by the 2013 American Diabetes Association guidelines. RESULTS The median age (mean ± SD) was 48.51 ± 18.42 years, and the average value (SD) of the AIP was - 0.09 (0.34). The prevalence of prediabetes was 40.24%, and that of diabetes was 21.32%. Overall, there was a significant positive association between the AIP and prediabetes and diabetes (per 1-unit increment in the AIP: OR, 2.49; 95% CI 1.75, 3.54). The multivariate logistic regression model demonstrated that for each unit increment in the AIP, the prediabetes and diabetes prevalence increased 4.96-fold among female participants (OR 4.96, 95% CI 2.68, 9.18) but not among male participants. We found that the AIP was not related to the prevalence of prediabetes or diabetes (OR 1.41; 95% CI 0.87, 2.29) among males. There was an interaction between sex and the AIP (P for interaction < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that a higher AIP was significantly associated with an increased prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes, and the above relationships occurred only among women and not men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. .,Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Minghua Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Zhao J, Li M. Worldwide trends in prediabetes from 1985 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis using bibliometrix R-tool. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1072521. [PMID: 36908460 PMCID: PMC9993478 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1072521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prediabetes is a widespread condition that represents the state between normal serum glucose and diabetes. Older individuals and individuals with obesity experience a higher rate of prediabetes. Prediabetes is not only a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) but is also closely related to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Despite its importance, a bibliometric analysis of prediabetes is missing. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive and visually appealing overview of prediabetes research. Methods First, the Web of Science (WOS) database was searched to collect all articles related to prediabetes that were published from 1985 to 2022. Second, R language was used to analyze the year of publication, author, country/region, institution, keywords, and citations. Finally, network analysis was conducted using the R package bibliometrix to evaluate the hotspots and development trends of prediabetes. Results A total of 9,714 research articles published from 1985 to 2022 were retrieved from WOS. The number of articles showed sustained growth. Rathmann W was the most prolific author with 71 articles. Diabetes Care was the journal that published the highest number of articles on prediabetes (234 articles), and Harvard University (290 articles) was the most active institution in this field. The United States contributed the most articles (2,962 articles), followed by China (893 articles). The top five clusters of the keyword co-appearance network were "prediabetes", "diabetes mellitus", "glucose", "insulin exercise", and "oxidative stress". The top three clusters of the reference co-citation network were "Knowler. WC 2002", "Tabak AG 2012", and "Matthews DR1985". Conclusions The combined use of WOS and the R package bibliometrix enabled a robust bibliometric analysis of prediabetes papers, including evaluation of emerging trends, hotspots, and collaboration. This study also allowed us to validate our methodology, which can be used to better understand the field of prediabetes and promote international collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- JingYi Zhao
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Beijing, China
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Mzimela NC, Sosibo AM, Ngubane PS, Khathi A. The changes that occur in the immune system during immune activation in pre-diabetic patients of all ethnicities, from the age of 25- to 45-years: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30903. [PMID: 36595749 PMCID: PMC9794255 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-diabetes is an intermediate state between normoglycaemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This condition has been shown to be asymptomatic thus making it hard to investigate the changes that occur in the body during this state. Recent findings stipulate that in this state, there are changes that are often associated with T2D. These include changes in concentration of immune cells and inflammatory markers. This systematic review will provide a synthesis of the data that is available reporting on the changes in the concentration of immune cells and selected markers during prediabetes. It will also give clarity of the variation of the complications of the condition among the various demographic groups. METHODS The assembly of this systematic review was through strict adherance to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines for reporting systematic reviews. This systematic review has been registered with the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), registration number "CRD42020184828" dated 05-07-2020). In this systematic review, published clinical studies articles that involve observational reports, whether it is case-control, cross-sectional, and comparative cross-sectional will be used. Cohort study designs that involve normal/non-diabetic and pre-diabetes reports will be used in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical MeSH headings to search on MEDLINE, COCHRANE library, EMBASE, and ICTRP and African Journal Online will be a tool used to achieve the required report. Reviewers (NCM, AMS, and AK) will screen all the results and select the studies that will be eligible by guidance according to eligibility criteria. Downs and Black Checklist will be used to check the risk of bias and then for meta-analysis Review Manager v5.4 Forrest plot will be used. Additionally, the Forrest plot will also be used for sensitivity analysis. The strength of evidence will then be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. RESULTS Only 4 reports were eligible and risk of bias checked. The results indicated the outcomes even though there were only few reports. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This systematic review will give an indication on the available data on this research area and lay a foundation for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomusa Christina Mzimela
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Nomusa Christina Mzimela, Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa (e-mail: )
| | - Aubrey Mbulelo Sosibo
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Phikelelani Siphosethu Ngubane
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
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12
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Zuo Y, Su X, Wen J, Zhai Q, He Y. Comparison of the predictive power of adiposity indices and blood lipid indices for diagnosis of prediabetes. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:683-690. [PMID: 36166170 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-022-00398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to explore the association between adiposity indices and blood lipid indices and prediabetes. We compare the predictive value of new adiposity indices and traditional adiposity indices and blood lipid indices in the diagnosis of prediabetes. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study of 7953 participants. The follow-up time was 3 years. The eight adiposity indices included the following: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body roundness index (BRI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), fatty liver index (FLI), and triglyceride-to-glucose fasting index (TyG), as well as four blood lipid indices as follows: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C).The association between adiposity indices and blood lipid indices for diagnosis of prediabetes was estimated using a logistic regression model to obtain the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). We calculated the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to measure the predictive value of adiposity indices and blood lipid indicators for the diagnosis of prediabetes in the general population stratified by gender. RESULTS The median age of the participants was 56 years old, men accounting for 35.3% of the final group. After adjusting for confounding factors, association of BMI, BRI, VAI, LAP, TyG, TC, TG, and LDL-C with prediabetes status was assessed at both baseline and follow-up. TyG (AUC, overall: 0.677 (95% CI, 0.665, 0.689), male: 0.645 (95% CI, 0.624-0.667), and female: 0.693 (95% CI, 0.678-0.708)) have better diagnostic value for prediabetes than VAI, LAP, FLI, TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C. The predictive value of the combination of TyG, BRI, VAI, and TG significantly improves the power of any single index in the diagnosis of prediabetes. The AUC and corresponding 95% CI of TyG, BRI, VAI, and TG and the combination of these four indicators to diagnose prediabetes were 0.677 (0.665, 0.689), 0.630 (0.617, 0.643), 0.618 (0.606, 0.631), 0.622 (0.609, 0.635), and 0.728 (0.716, 0.739), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Among the eight adiposity indices and four blood lipid indices evaluated in the study, TyG had the highest diagnostic value for prediabetes in isolated indexes, and the combination of TyG, BRI, VAI, and TG significantly improved the diagnostic value for prediabetes of any single indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Meiping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Yingting Zuo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, China.
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
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Ye H, Ding Y, Liu T, Li J, Wang Q, Li Y, Gu J, Zhang Z, Wang X. Colorimetric assay based on NiCo 2S 4@N,S-rGO nanozyme for sensitive detection of H 2O 2 and glucose in serum and urine samples. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20838-20849. [PMID: 35919163 PMCID: PMC9295685 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional bimetallic sulfide-based nanomaterials often have a small specific surface area (SSA), low dispersion, and poor conductivity, thereby limiting their wide applications in the nanozyme-catalytic field. To address the above issues, we herein integrated NiCo2S4 with N,S-rGO to fabricate a nanocomposite (NiCo2S4@N,S-rGO), which showed a stronger peroxidase-mimetic activity than its pristine components. The SSA (155.8 m2 g-1) of NiCo2S4@N,S-rGO increased by ∼2-fold compared to NiCo2S4 with a pore size of 7-9 nm, thus providing more active sites and charge transfer channels. Based on the Michaelis-Menten equation, the affinity of this nanocomposite increased 40% and 1.1∼10.6-fold compared with NiCo2S4 with N,S-rGO, respectively, highlighting the significant enhancement of the peroxidase-like activity. The enhanced activity of this nanocomposite is derived from the joint participation of ˙OH, ˙O2 -, and photogenerated holes (h+), and was dominated by h+. To sum up, N,S-codoping, rich S-vacancies, and multi-valence states for this nanocomposite facilitate electron transfer and accelerate reaction processes. The nanocomposite-based colorimetric sensor gave low detection limits for H2O2 (12 μM) and glucose (0.3 μM). In comparison with the results detected by a common glucose meter, this sensor provided the relative recoveries across the range of 97.4-101.8%, demonstrating its high accuracy. Moreover, it exhibited excellent selectivity for glucose assay with little interference from common co-existing macromolecules/ions, as well as high reusability (>6 times). Collectively, the newly developed colorimetric sensor yields a promising methodology for practical applications in H2O2 and glucose detection with advantages of highly visual resolution, simple operation, convenient use, and satisfactory sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhang Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Yongli Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Jiani Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Qi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Jingjing Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Zhanen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
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14
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Thonusin C, Pantiya P, Sumneang N, Chunchai T, Nawara W, Arunsak B, Siri-Angkul N, Sriwichaiin S, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Effectiveness of high cardiorespiratory fitness in cardiometabolic protection in prediabetic rats. Mol Med 2022; 28:31. [PMID: 35272616 PMCID: PMC8908596 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caloric restriction and exercise are lifestyle interventions that effectively attenuate cardiometabolic impairment. However, cardioprotective effects of long-term lifestyle interventions and short-term lifestyle interventions followed by weight maintenance in prediabetes have never been compared. High cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been shown to provide protection against prediabetes and cardiovascular diseases, however, the interactions between CRF, prediabetes, caloric restriction, and exercise on cardiometabolic health has never been investigated. Methods Seven-week-old male Wistar rats were fed with either a normal diet (ND; n = 6) or a high-fat diet (HFD; n = 30) to induce prediabetes for 12 weeks. Baseline CRF and cardiometabolic parameters were determined at this timepoint. The ND-fed rats were fed continuously with a ND for 16 more weeks. The HFD-fed rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 6/group) to receive one of the following: (1) a HFD without any intervention for 16 weeks, (2) 40% caloric restriction for 6 weeks followed by an ad libitum ND for 10 weeks, (3) 40% caloric restriction for 16 weeks, (4) a HFD plus an exercise training program for 6 weeks followed by a ND without exercise for 10 weeks, or (5) a HFD plus an exercise training program for 16 weeks. At the end of the interventions, CRF and cardiometabolic parameters were re-assessed. Then, all rats were euthanized and heart tissues were collected. Results Either short-term caloric restriction or exercise followed by weight maintenance ameliorated cardiometabolic impairment in prediabetes, as indicated by increased insulin sensitivity, improved blood lipid profile, improved mitochondrial function and oxidative phosphorylation, reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, and improved cardiac function. However, these benefits were not as effective as those of either long-term caloric restriction or exercise. Interestingly, high-level baseline CRF was correlated with favorable cardiac and metabolic profiles at follow-up in prediabetic rats, both with and without lifestyle interventions. Conclusions Short-term lifestyle modification followed by weight maintenance improves cardiometabolic health in prediabetes. High CRF exerted protection against cardiometabolic impairment in prediabetes, both with and without lifestyle modification. These findings suggest that targeting the enhancement of CRF may contribute to the more effective treatment of prediabetes-induced cardiometabolic impairment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00458-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanisa Thonusin
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Patcharapong Pantiya
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natticha Sumneang
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natthaphat Siri-Angkul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirawit Sriwichaiin
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. .,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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15
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Karandish M, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Mohammadi SM, Cheraghian B, Azhdari M. Curcumin and zinc co-supplementation along with a loss-weight diet can improve lipid profiles in subjects with prediabetes: a multi-arm, parallel-group, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:22. [PMID: 35090529 PMCID: PMC8796182 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00792-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is one of the major public health concerns. Prediabetes can increase the risk of developing some non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Given the increasing trend of prediabetes, it is critical to control it and prevent its complications. Curcumin is a major bioactive component of turmeric. Zinc is an antioxidant nutrient. The present trial aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin and zinc co-supplementation along with a loss-weight diet on serum lipid profiles in overweight or obese patients with prediabetes. METHODS Eighty-four participants were randomized to four groups (curcumin (500 mg/day), zinc (30 mg/day), "curcumin and zinc", and placebo) for 90 days. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), non-HDL, HDL/LDL ratio, weight, BMI, waist circumstance (WC), hip circumstance (HC), physical activity (PA) and dietary intake were determined pre and post-intervention. This study will be conducted at Yazd Diabetes Research Clinic, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. RESULTS Totally, 82 participants were included in the final analysis. After the adjusted PA effect, changes in serum TG (adjusted p = 0.001), LDL (adjusted p = 0.035), non-HDL (adjusted p = 0.003), HDL/LDL ratio (adjusted p = 0.002), and HDL (adjusted p < 0.0001) revealed a significant difference between the groups. However, the changes in weight (adjusted p = 0.004) and BMI (adjusted p = 0.006) were significant but the changes in dietary intake, PA, WC, and HC were non-significant (adjusted p ≥ 0.05). Despite that there was a significant difference for post-intervention HDL levels (adjusted p = 0.016), other lipid profiles showed no significant difference (adjusted p ≥ 0.05). CONCLUSION The beneficial effects of "curcumin and zinc" co-supplementation was reported for the changes of some lipid profiles (TG, LDL, HDL, non-HDL, and HDL to LDL ratio), BMI, and weight with no positive effects on TC, dietary intake, PA, WC, and HC. Therefore, it may play a potential role in the prevention of macro and microvascular complications. Trial registration The project is a registered clinical trial (Registration number: IRCT20190902044671N1, Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), registered October 11, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Karandish
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mohammadi
- Associate Professor of Endocrinology & Metabolism, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Bahman Cheraghian
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Azhdari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
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16
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Jiang Y, Xia J, Che C, Wei Y. Data-driven classification of prediabetes using cardiometabolic biomarkers: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:937942. [PMID: 36072936 PMCID: PMC9441552 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cluster analyses have proposed different prediabetes phenotypes using glycemic parameters, body fat distribution, liver fat content, and insulin sensitivity. We aimed at classifying the subjects with prediabetes using cluster analysis and exploring the associations between prediabetes clusters with hypertension and kidney function. METHODS Patients with prediabetes in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) underwent comprehensive phenotyping and physical and laboratory variable assessment. We identified six clusters using consensus clustering analysis based on the measurements representing the body fat, glycemic status, pancreatic islet function, blood lipids, and liver function. Differences in the characteristics and prevalence of hypertension, decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and increased albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) were compared between clusters. RESULTS A total of 4,385 subjects with prediabetes were classified into six clusters of distinctive patterns by manifesting higher or lower levels of certain metabolic parameters in each cluster. Subjects with prediabetes in cluster 1 had the lowest prevalence of hypertension, decreased eGFR, and increased ACR, whereas these were much higher in cluster 5 and cluster 6. Except for cluster 3, all the other clusters had significantly increased odds ratio (OR) of hypertension as compared with cluster 1. Compared with cluster 1, all the other clusters presented significantly increased ORs of decreased eGFR. There were also significantly higher ORs of increased ACR for cluster 5 (OR 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-3.51) and cluster 6 (OR 2.02, 95%CI = 1.15-3.52) compared with cluster 1. CONCLUSION We stratified subjects with prediabetes into six subgroups with different characteristics. With further development and validation, such approaches might guide early intervention on the risk factors for the subjects with prediabetes who would benefit most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Medical Department, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinying Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Caiyan Che
- Medical Department, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongning Wei
- Department of Hepatic Neoplasms, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Yongning Wei,
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Kim SH, Park M, Kim GR, Joo HJ, Jang SI. Association of Mixed Use of Electronic and Conventional Cigarettes and Exposure to Secondhand Smoke With Prediabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e44-e56. [PMID: 34436592 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite previous studies regarding the association between smoking and diabetes, the effects of electronic cigarettes and secondhand smoke (SHS) on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of mixed electronic and conventional cigarette use and exposure to SHS with prediabetes. DESIGN Data from the 2014-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. SETTING Nationwide population-based. PARTICIPANTS Of 39 199 participants, 22 385 participants (9490 men, 12 895 women) without diabetes were included. The main independent variables were smoking behaviors, including exposure to SHS. INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Prediabetes (hemoglobin A1C of 5.7-6.4%). RESULTS Of 22 385 participants without diabetes, 6735 had prediabetes. Mixed cigarette use was associated with a 1.57-fold increase in the odds of prediabetes when compared with never-smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.29-1.92] and a 1.27-fold increase when compared with conventional cigarette use only (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.07-1.52). Participants who were current nonsmokers, but mixed users in the past had an increased risk of prediabetes (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.04-2.13). There was no significant association between prediabetes and current nonsmoking in individuals with previous conventional cigarette use only. Among never-smokers, exposure to SHS significantly increased the risk of prediabetes (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.04-1.30). CONCLUSIONS Mixed use of electronic and conventional cigarettes and exposure to SHS increased the risk of prediabetes. Further studies are required to comprehensively investigate the molecular biology underlying the effects of previous and current mixed use of electronic cigarettes and SHS on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Ri Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Joo
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sosibo AM, Mzimela NC, Ngubane PS, Khathi A. Prevalence and correlates of pre-diabetes in adults of mixed ethnicities in the South African population: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048266. [PMID: 34663654 PMCID: PMC8524270 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pre-diabetes is a metabolic condition characterised by moderate glycaemic dysregulation and is a front-line risk factor to multiple metabolic complications such as overt diabetes. To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first systematic review and meta-analysis that focuses on generating a comprehensive pooling of studies that report on the pre-diabetes prevalence in South Africa. Therefore, the review's purpose will be to screen and elect reports that can be used to synthesise and provide the best estimate prevalence and correlate of pre-diabetes in the South African population. METHODS AND ANALYSIS To determine the prevalence and correlates of pre-diabetes in South African, we will search PubMed, Embase and African Journal online for published or unpublished studies reporting the prevalence of pre-diabetes in South Africa starting from the year 2000 to 2020. Studies will be assessed for eligibility by checking if they meet the inclusion criteria. Eligible studies will undergo data extraction and risk of bias assessment. We will perform a subgroup analysis to detect probable causes of heterogeneity. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The review will not require ethics clearance because non-identifiable data will be used. The review outcomes will give more insight into the current burden that pre-diabetes has in South Africa. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020182430.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubrey Mbulelo Sosibo
- Human Physiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Health Sciences, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Nomusa Christina Mzimela
- Human Physiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Health Sciences, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | | | - Andile Khathi
- Human Physiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Health Sciences, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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Mzimela NC, Sosibo AM, Ngubane PS, Khathi A. The changes that occur in the immune system during immune activation in pre-diabetic patients of all ethnicities, from the age of 25 to 45 years: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 11:e31619. [DOI: 10.2196/31619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Barbu E, Popescu MR, Popescu AC, Balanescu SM. Phenotyping the Prediabetic Population-A Closer Look at Intermediate Glucose Status and Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6864. [PMID: 34202289 PMCID: PMC8268766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though the new thresholds for defining prediabetes have been around for more than ten years, there is still controversy surrounding the precise characterization of this intermediate glucose metabolism status. The risk of developing diabetes and macro and microvascular disease linked to prediabetes is well known. Still, the prediabetic population is far from being homogenous, and phenotyping it into less heterogeneous groups might prove useful for long-term risk assessment, follow-up, and primary prevention. Unfortunately, the current definition of prediabetes is quite rigid and disregards the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms and their potential metabolic progression towards overt disease. In addition, prediabetes is commonly associated with a cluster of risk factors that worsen the prognosis. These risk factors all revolve around a common denominator: inflammation. This review focuses on identifying the population that needs to be screened for prediabetes and the already declared prediabetic patients who are at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and require closer monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihaela-Roxana Popescu
- Department of Cardiology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (E.B.); (S.-M.B.)
| | - Andreea-Catarina Popescu
- Department of Cardiology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (E.B.); (S.-M.B.)
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21
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Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Jiang P, Zhou G, Li Z, Yang J, Li X. Potential mechanisms of Guizhi decoction against hypertension based on network pharmacology and Dahl salt-sensitive rat model. Chin Med 2021; 16:34. [PMID: 33906674 PMCID: PMC8077739 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Guizhi decoction (GZD), a classical Chinese herbal formula, has been widely used to treat hypertension, but its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The present study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms and therapeutic effects of GZD on hypertension by integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation. Methods The active ingredients and corresponding targets were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The targets related to hypertension were identified from the CTD, GeneCards, OMIM and Drugbank databases. Multiple networks were constructed to identify the key compounds, hub targets, and main biological processes and pathways of GZD against hypertension. The Surflex-Dock software was used to validate the binding affinity between key targets and their corresponding active compounds. The Dahl salt-sensitive rat model was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of GZD against hypertension. Results A total of 112 active ingredients, 222 targets of GZD and 341 hypertension-related targets were obtained. Furthermore, 56 overlapping targets were identified, five of which were determined as the hub targets for experimental verification, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), C–C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2), IL-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9. Pathway enrichment analysis results indicated that 56 overlapping targets were mainly enriched in several inflammation pathways such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed that most active compounds of GZD could bind tightly to the key targets. Experimental studies revealed that the administration of GZD improved blood pressure, reduced the area of cardiac fibrosis, and inhibited the expression of IL-6, CCL2, IL-1β, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in rats. Conclusion The potential mechanisms and therapeutic effects of GZD on hypertension may be attributed to the regulation of cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-021-00446-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiye Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yongjian Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yongcheng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Guofeng Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Zhaoyu Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China.
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22
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Costa C, Briguglio G, Mondello S, Teodoro M, Pollicino M, Canalella A, Verduci F, Italia S, Fenga C. Perceived Stress in a Gender Perspective: A Survey in a Population of Unemployed Subjects of Southern Italy. Front Public Health 2021; 9:640454. [PMID: 33869130 PMCID: PMC8046934 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.640454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressful life events, are differently handled by women and men. This study evaluates gender differences in perceived stress and health status among a sample of subjects going through a transition period from unemployment to work. This cross-sectional study enrolled 395 participants, 245 men (62%) and 150 (38%) women, between 19 and 67 years, that were going to be hired for a 6-month contract. Before being employed, all participants underwent a mandatory protocol consisting in a general medical check. Stress assessment was performed by using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Most of the participants (68%) showed normal to low perceived stress level. But dividing the sample by gender, out of the remaining 32% with medium to high stress level, 11% male subjects and 22.7% females reported high perceived stress values. We found mean PSS values that are overlapping with those in the general population of developed countries. This study does not suggest an association between perceived stress and health or social parameters. However, our results highlight that the female gender is associated with higher stress level, pointing out the relevance of specific and designed interventions in the context of health promotion programs, especially in order to mitigate stress in more susceptible subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Costa
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giusi Briguglio
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Manuela Pollicino
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Canalella
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Verduci
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Italia
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Clinical Usefulness of Anthropometric Indices to Predict the Presence of Prediabetes. Data from the ILERVAS Cohort. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13031002. [PMID: 33808883 PMCID: PMC8003825 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes is closely related to excess body weight and adipose distribution. For this reason, we aimed to assess and compare the diagnostic usefulness of ten anthropometric adiposity indices to predict prediabetes. Cross-sectional study with 8188 overweight subjects free of type 2 diabetes from the ILERVAS project (NCT03228459). Prediabetes was diagnosed by levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Total body adiposity indices [BMI, Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE) and Deurenberg's formula] and abdominal adiposity (waist and neck circumferences, conicity index, waist to height ratio, Bonora's equation, A body shape index, and body roundness index) were calculated. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the best cutoff and the prevalence of prediabetes around this value were calculated for every anthropometric index. All anthropometric indices other than the A body adiposity were higher in men and women with prediabetes compared with controls (p < 0.001 for all). In addition, a slightly positive correlation was found between indices and HbA1c in both sexes (r ≤ 0.182 and p ≤ 0.026 for all). None of the measures achieved acceptable levels of discrimination in ROC analysis (area under the ROC ≤ 0.63 for all). Assessing BMI, the prevalence of prediabetes among men increased from 20.4% to 36.2% around the cutoff of 28.2 kg/m2, with similar data among women (from 29.3 to 44.8% with a cutoff of 28.6 kg/m2). No lonely obesity index appears to be the perfect biomarker to use in clinical practice to detect individuals with prediabetes.
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Impact of Work and Recreational Physical Activity on Prediabetes Condition among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2015-2016. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041378. [PMID: 33546150 PMCID: PMC7913268 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
More minutes of physical activity (PA) accumulated during a day are associated with a lower risk of diabetes mellitus type 2. However, it is less known if distinct dimensions of PA can produce a different protective effect in the prevention of prediabetes. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of work and recreational PA on prediabetes among U.S. adults during the period 2015–2016 using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Individuals (n = 4481) with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test values of 5.7% to 6.4% were included. A logistic regression multivariate-adjusted analysis was conducted to estimate the association between the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of prediabetes, with work and recreational PA. The prevalence of prediabetes among U.S. adults was lower in physically active individuals both at work (~24%) and recreational (~21%) physical activities compared to individuals who were not physically active (27 to 30%). Individuals lacking practice of recreational PA had a high risk of prediabetes (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.080 to 1.466). PA may be a protective factor for prediabetes conditions depending on gender, age, ethnic group, waist circumference, and thyroid disease.
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Reynolds AN, Li XA, Mann J. Blood glucose testing in the community: who are the users and do they have elevated blood glucose? J Prim Health Care 2020; 12:352-357. [PMID: 33349323 DOI: 10.1071/hc20055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION On-the-spot blood glucose testing is a health service performed in public spaces to raise diabetes awareness and screen for elevated blood glucose levels. AIM To describe the users of this service and the frequency of detecting elevated blood glucose. METHODS Data collected at point-of-testing on a standardised form over 20 months in two regions of New Zealand were audited. Descriptive and simple inferential statistics report on population demographics and presence of elevated blood glucose (mmol/L). RESULTS Data from 2156 individuals were audited. Most (1680, 78%) were female, the mean age was 52 years (standard deviation 18 years) and all major ethnic groups and socioeconomic quintiles were represented. For 53% of responders, this was their first blood glucose test. In total, 153 (7.1%) cases with elevated blood glucose were identified, including 94 who did not report a previous pre-diabetes or diabetes diagnosis. Blood glucose was not correlated with socioeconomic status (r=0.04; P=0.07), but weakly correlated with age (r=0.19; P<0.001). Blood glucose values did not appear to differ between ethnicities (P=0.052). Men had a higher mean value than women (P=0.003). People with elevated blood glucose access their general practitioner more often than people with normal blood glucose, irrespective of a diabetes diagnosis (P=0.002). DISCUSSION On-the-spot blood glucose testing is a health service accessed by a wide range of people, although more commonly by women than men. Future interventions targeting men may better engage them in health screening. Alongside awareness raising, on-the-spot community testing identified previously unknown elevated blood glucose levels at a rate of 1-in-22, and may lead to the earlier identification and treatment of prediabetes or diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Reynolds
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; and Edgar Diabetes and Obesity Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; and Corresponding author.
| | - Xiao Amelie Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jim Mann
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; and Edgar Diabetes and Obesity Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Relationship Between Cognitive Functions and Insulin-degrading Enzyme in Individuals With Prediabetes. Cogn Behav Neurol 2020; 33:218-225. [PMID: 32889954 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes can develop cognitive impairment due to dysfunction of glucose metabolism; however, it remains unclear whether cognition becomes altered in the prediabetic stage. Substantial evidence links cognitive impairment in diabetes to aberrant serum insulin-degrading enzyme (s[IDE]) levels. This relationship remains to be investigated in individuals with prediabetes. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between cognitive function and s[IDE] levels in individuals with prediabetes. METHOD The study group consisted of 47 individuals who had been diagnosed with prediabetes and 41 healthy controls. Cognitive functions were evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and s[IDE] levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The MoCA total scores and s[IDE] levels of the individuals with prediabetes were significantly lower (P = 0.001, 0.006) than those of the controls, and the MoCA Attention measure of the individuals with prediabetes was also very low (P = 0.001). To determine cognitive impairment, we divided the prediabetics into two subgroups according to the MoCA cutoff value. Scores on all of the MoCA tests were significantly lower in the group with mild cognitive impairment (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between MoCA scores and s[IDE] levels (P > 0.05), but serum-fasting glucose levels showed a negative correlation with MoCA scores (P < 0.05, ρ = -0.287). CONCLUSION Evidence of mild cognitive impairment was high in the individuals with prediabetes and showed a negative correlation with serum-fasting glucose levels but not with s[IDE] levels.
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