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Maltseva M, Keeshan A, Cooper C, Langlois MA. Immune imprinting: The persisting influence of the first antigenic encounter with rapidly evolving viruses. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2384192. [PMID: 39149872 PMCID: PMC11328881 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2384192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune imprinting is a phenomenon that stems from the fundamentals of immunological memory. Upon recurrent exposures to an evolving pathogen, the immune system must weigh the benefits of rapidly recalling established antibody repertoires with greater affinity to the initial variant or invest additional time and energy in producing de novo responses specific to the emerging variant. In this review, we delve into the mechanistic complexities of immune imprinting and its role in shaping subsequent immune responses, both de novo and recall, against rapidly evolving respiratory viruses such as influenza and coronaviruses. By exploring the duality of immune imprinting, we examine its potential to both enhance or hinder immune protection against disease, while emphasizing the role of host and viral factors. Finally, we explore how different vaccine platforms may affect immune imprinting and comment on vaccine strategies that can favor de novo variant-specific antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Maltseva
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alexa Keeshan
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Curtis Cooper
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation (CI3), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Lesmes-Rodríguez LC, Pedraza-Castillo LN, Jaramillo-Hernández DA. HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 seroprevalence and its relationship with the clinical features of COVID-19 patients from Villavicencio, Colombia. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2024; 44:340-354. [PMID: 39241243 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to the cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and common human coronaviruses, previous infections with these viruses could contribute to serological or cellular cross-protection against severe COVID-19. However, protective immunity may not develop, or pre-existing immunity could increase COVID-19 severity. OBJECTIVE To determine the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 and correlate previous exposure with COVID-19 signs in patients from Villavicencio. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted. ELISA technique was used to search for IgG antibodies against HCoV-NL3 and HCoV-HKU1 in patients with positive RT-qPCR results for SARS-CoV-2. Patients were grouped according to COVID-19 clinical characteristics in four groups: group 1: asymptomatic (n = 23); group 2: hospitalized (n = 24); group 3: intensive care units (n = 24), and group 4: dead (n = 22). RESULTS The overall seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against HCoV was 74.2% (n = 69; 95% CI: 65.3-83.1), with 66.7% of HCoV-NL63 (n = 62; 95% CI: 57,1-76,2), and 25.8% of HCoV-HKU1 (n = 24; 95% CI: 16,9-34,7). Based on crosstab analysis, prior exposure to HCoV-NL63 was associated with protection against severe COVID-19 (p = 0.042; adjusted OR = 0.159; 95% CI: 0.027-0.938), and previous coinfection of HCoV-NL63 and HCoVHKU1 was considered a positive association to severe COVID-19 (p = 0.048; adjusted OR = 16.704; 95% CI: 1.020 - 273.670). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study addressing seroprevalence of HCoV IgG antibodies in Colombia and Latin America. Previous exposure to HCoV-NL63 could protect against severe COVID-19, whereas patients with underlying HCoV-NL63 and HCoVHKU1 coinfection could be hospitalized with severe signs of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Carolina Lesmes-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología y Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, Colombia
| | - Luz Natalia Pedraza-Castillo
- Escuela de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, Colombia
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Liu WD, Lin MS, Sun HY, Shih MC, Chuang YC, Huang YS, Lin KY, Li GC, Wu PY, Chen LY, Liu WC, Su YC, He PC, Chen YT, Lin CY, Cheng YC, Yao Y, Yeh YC, Liu CC, Pan MY, Luo YZ, Chang HY, Wang JT, Sheng WH, Hsieh SM, Chang SY, Hung CC. Effectiveness and evolution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein titers after three doses of COVID-19 vaccination in people with HIV. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2024; 57:554-563. [PMID: 38429206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Real-world vaccine effectiveness following the third dose of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 remains less investigated among people with HIV (PWH). METHODS PWH receiving the third dose of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 (either 50- or 100-μg) were enrolled. Participants were followed for 180 days until the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 infection, seroconversion of anti-nucleocapsid IgG, death, or loss to follow-up. Anti-spike IgG was determined every 1-3 months. RESULTS Of 1427 participants undergoing the third-dose COVID-19 vaccination, 632 (44.3%) received 100-μg mRNA-1273, 467 (32.8%) 50-μg mRNA-1273, and 328 (23.0%) BNT162b2 vaccine and the respective rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection or seroconversion of anti-nucleocapsid IgG was 246.1, 280.8 and 245.2 per 1000 person-months of follow-up (log-rank test, p = 0.28). Factors associated with achieving anti-S IgG titers >1047 BAU/mL included CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.11; 95% CI, 0.04-0.31), plasma HIV RNA >200 copies/mL (aOR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.09-0.80), having achieved anti-spike IgG >141 BAU/mL within 3 months after primary vaccination (aOR, 3.69; 95% CI, 2.68-5.07), receiving BNT162b2 vaccine as the third dose (aOR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10-0.41; reference, 100-μg mRNA-1273), and having previously received two doses of mRNA vaccine in primary vaccination (aOR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1,75-3.45; reference, no exposure to mRNA vaccine). CONCLUSIONS PWH receiving different types of the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine showed similar vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection. An additional dose with 100-μg mRNA-1273 could generate a higher antibody response than with 50-μg mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Da Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Shuan Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yun Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chieh Shih
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chung Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Shan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Yin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Guei-Chi Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ling-Ya Chen
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chun Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ching Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pu-Chi He
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yi Lin
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chen Yeh
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Chi Liu
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Yan Pan
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Zhen Luo
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsi-Yen Chang
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jann-Tay Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
| | - Wang-Huei Sheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Szu-Min Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Sui-Yuan Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ching Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan; Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Goldberg AR, Langwig KE, Brown KL, Marano JM, Rai P, King KM, Sharp AK, Ceci A, Kailing CD, Kailing MJ, Briggs R, Urbano MG, Roby C, Brown AM, Weger-Lucarelli J, Finkielstein CV, Hoyt JR. Widespread exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in wildlife communities. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6210. [PMID: 39075057 PMCID: PMC11286844 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Pervasive SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans have led to multiple transmission events to animals. While SARS-CoV-2 has a potential broad wildlife host range, most documented infections have been in captive animals and a single wildlife species, the white-tailed deer. The full extent of SARS-CoV-2 exposure among wildlife communities and the factors that influence wildlife transmission risk remain unknown. We sampled 23 species of wildlife for SARS-CoV-2 and examined the effects of urbanization and human use on seropositivity. Here, we document positive detections of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in six species, including the deer mouse, Virginia opossum, raccoon, groundhog, Eastern cottontail, and Eastern red bat between May 2022-September 2023 across Virginia and Washington, D.C., USA. In addition, we found that sites with high human activity had three times higher seroprevalence than low human-use areas. We obtained SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences from nine individuals of six species which were assigned to seven Pango lineages of the Omicron variant. The close match to variants circulating in humans at the time suggests at least seven recent human-to-animal transmission events. Our data support that exposure to SARS-CoV-2 has been widespread in wildlife communities and suggests that areas with high human activity may serve as points of contact for cross-species transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Goldberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kate E Langwig
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Katherine L Brown
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
- Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Marano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Pallavi Rai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kelsie M King
- Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Amanda K Sharp
- Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Alessandro Ceci
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | | | - Macy J Kailing
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Russell Briggs
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Matthew G Urbano
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Clinton Roby
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Anne M Brown
- Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Data Services, University Libraries, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Academy of Integrated Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - James Weger-Lucarelli
- Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Carla V Finkielstein
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA.
- Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA.
- Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Academy of Integrated Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Joseph R Hoyt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Heiskanen A, Galipeau Y, Little J, Langlois M, Cooper CL. Reduced seasonal coronavirus incidence in high-risk population groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1342. [PMID: 39023424 PMCID: PMC11256882 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data on seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs) may provide insight on transmission patterns and demographic factors that favor coronaviruses (CoVs) with greater disease severity. This study describes the incidence of CoVs in several high-risk groups in Ottawa, Canada, from October 2020 to March 2022. METHODS Serological assays quantified IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, and HCoV-229E. Incident infections were compared between four population groups: individuals exposed to children, transit users, immunocompromised, and controls. Associations between antibody prevalence indicative of natural infection and demographic variables were assessed using regression analyses. RESULTS Transit users and those exposed to children were at no greater risk of infection compared to the control group. Fewer infections were detected in the immunocompromised group (p = .03). SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was greater in individuals with low income and within ethnic minorities. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that nonpharmaceutical interventions intended to reduce SAR-CoV-2 transmission protected populations at high risk of exposure. The re-emergence of sCoVs and other common respiratory viruses alongside SARS-CoV-2 may alter infection patterns and increase the risk in vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliisa Heiskanen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Yannick Galipeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Marc‐André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3)University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Curtis L. Cooper
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
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Bean DJ, Monroe J, Liang YM, Borberg E, Senussi Y, Swank Z, Chalise S, Walt D, Weinberg J, Sagar M. Heterotypic immunity from prior SARS-CoV-2 infection but not COVID-19 vaccination associates with lower endemic coronavirus incidence. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eado7588. [PMID: 38865483 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ado7588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Immune responses from prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19 vaccination mitigate disease severity, but they do not fully prevent subsequent infections, especially from genetically divergent strains. We examined the incidence of and immune differences against human endemic coronaviruses (eCoVs) as a proxy for response against future genetically heterologous coronaviruses (CoVs). We assessed differences in symptomatic eCoV and non-CoV respiratory disease incidence among those with known prior SARS-CoV-2 infection or previous COVID-19 vaccination but no documented SARS-CoV-2 infection or neither exposure. Retrospective cohort analyses suggest that prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, but not previous COVID-19 vaccination alone, associates with a lower incidence of subsequent symptomatic eCoV infection. There was no difference in non-CoV incidence, implying that the observed difference was eCoV specific. In a second cohort where both cellular and humoral immunity were measured, those with prior SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exposure had lower eCoV-directed neutralizing antibodies, suggesting that neutralization is not responsible for the observed decreased eCoV disease. The three groups had similar cellular responses against the eCoV spike protein and nucleocapsid antigens. However, CD8+ T cell responses to the nonstructural eCoV proteins nsp12 and nsp13 were higher in individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection as compared with the other groups. This association between prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and decreased incidence of eCoV disease may therefore be due to a boost in CD8+ T cell responses against eCoV nsp12 and nsp13, suggesting that incorporation of nonstructural viral antigens in a future pan-CoV vaccine may improve vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Bean
- Department of Virology, Immunology and Microbiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Janet Monroe
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Yan Mei Liang
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ella Borberg
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yasmeen Senussi
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Zoe Swank
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sujata Chalise
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David Walt
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Janice Weinberg
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Manish Sagar
- Department of Virology, Immunology and Microbiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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7
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Abela IA, Schwarzmüller M, Ulyte A, Radtke T, Haile SR, Ammann P, Raineri A, Rueegg S, Epp S, Berger C, Böni J, Manrique A, Audigé A, Huber M, Schreiber PW, Scheier T, Fehr J, Weber J, Rusert P, Günthard HF, Kouyos RD, Puhan MA, Kriemler S, Trkola A, Pasin C. Cross-protective HCoV immunity reduces symptom development during SARS-CoV-2 infection. mBio 2024; 15:e0272223. [PMID: 38270455 PMCID: PMC10865973 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02722-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous clinical parameters link to severe coronavirus disease 2019, but factors that prevent symptomatic disease remain unknown. We investigated the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and endemic human coronavirus (HCoV) antibody responses on symptoms in a longitudinal children cohort (n = 2,917) and a cross-sectional cohort including children and adults (n = 882), all first exposed to SARS-CoV-2 (March 2020 to March 2021) in Switzerland. Saliva (n = 4,993) and plasma (n = 7,486) antibody reactivity to the four HCoVs (subunit S1 [S1]) and SARS-CoV-2 (S1, receptor binding domain, subunit S2 [S2], nucleocapsid protein) was determined along with neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron (BA.2) in a subset of individuals. Inferred recent SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with a strong correlation between mucosal and systemic SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike responses. Individuals with pre-existing HCoV-S1 reactivity exhibited significantly higher antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in both plasma (IgG regression coefficients = 0.20, 95% CI = [0.09, 0.32], P < 0.001) and saliva (IgG regression coefficient = 0.60, 95% CI = [0.088, 1.11], P = 0.025). Saliva neutralization activity was modest but surprisingly broad, retaining activity against Wuhan (median NT50 = 32.0, 1Q-3Q = [16.4, 50.2]), Alpha (median NT50 = 34.9, 1Q-3Q = [26.0, 46.6]), and Delta (median NT50 = 28.0, 1Q-3Q = [19.9, 41.7]). In line with a rapid mucosal defense triggered by cross-reactive HCoV immunity, asymptomatic individuals presented with higher pre-existing HCoV-S1 activity in plasma (IgG HKU1, odds ratio [OR] = 0.53, 95% CI = [0.29,0.97], P = 0.038) and saliva (total HCoV, OR = 0.55, 95% CI = [0.33, 0.91], P = 0.019) and higher SARS-CoV-2 reactivity in saliva (IgG S2 fold change = 1.26, 95% CI = [1.03, 1.54], P = 0.030). By investigating the systemic and mucosal immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs in a population without prior exposure to SARS-CoV-2 or vaccination, we identified specific antibody reactivities associated with lack of symptom development.IMPORTANCEKnowledge of the interplay between human coronavirus (HCoV) immunity and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is critical to understanding the coexistence of current endemic coronaviruses and to building knowledge potential future zoonotic coronavirus transmissions. This study, which retrospectively analyzed a large cohort of individuals first exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in Switzerland in 2020-2021, revealed several key findings. Pre-existing HCoV immunity, particularly mucosal antibody responses, played a significant role in improving SARS-CoV-2 immune response upon infection and reducing symptoms development. Mucosal neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2, although low in magnitude, retained activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants underlining the importance of maintaining local mucosal immunity to SARS-CoV-2. While the cross-protective effect of HCoV immunity was not sufficient to block infection by SARS-CoV-2, the present study revealed a remarkable impact on limiting symptomatic disease. These findings support the feasibility of generating pan-protective coronavirus vaccines by inducing potent mucosal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene A. Abela
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Agne Ulyte
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Radtke
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah R. Haile
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Priska Ammann
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Raineri
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Rueegg
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Selina Epp
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jürg Böni
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amapola Manrique
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Audigé
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter W. Schreiber
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Scheier
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Fehr
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Weber
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Rusert
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Huldrych F. Günthard
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger D. Kouyos
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Milo A. Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Trkola
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Pasin
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Collegium Helveticum, Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Röltgen K, Boyd SD. Antibody and B Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination: The End of the Beginning. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 19:69-97. [PMID: 37738512 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-031521-042754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic has evolved during the past years, interactions between human immune systems, rapidly mutating and selected SARS-CoV-2 viral variants, and effective vaccines have complicated the landscape of individual immunological histories. Here, we review some key findings for antibody and B cell-mediated immunity, including responses to the highly mutated omicron variants; immunological imprinting and other impacts of successive viral antigenic variant exposures on antibody and B cell memory; responses in secondary lymphoid and mucosal tissues and non-neutralizing antibody-mediated immunity; responses in populations vulnerable to severe disease such as those with cancer, immunodeficiencies, and other comorbidities, as well as populations showing apparent resistance to severe disease such as many African populations; and evidence of antibody involvement in postacute sequelae of infection or long COVID. Despite the initial phase of the pandemic ending, human populations will continue to face challenges presented by this unpredictable virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Röltgen
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Scott D Boyd
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA;
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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9
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Seth A, Liu Y, Gupta R, Wang Z, Mittal E, Kolla S, Rathi P, Gupta P, Parikh BA, Genin GM, Gandra S, Storch GA, Philips JA, George IA, Singamaneni S. Plasmon-Enhanced Digital Fluoroimmunoassay for Subfemtomolar Detection of Protein Biomarkers. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:229-237. [PMID: 38146928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate quantification of low-abundance protein biomarkers in biofluids can transform the diagnosis of a range of pathologies, including infectious diseases. Here, we harness ultrabright plasmonic fluors as "digital nanolabels" and demonstrate the detection and quantification of subfemtomolar concentrations of human IL-6 and SARS-CoV-2 alpha and variant proteins in clinical nasopharyngeal swab and saliva samples from COVID-19 patients. The resulting digital plasmonic fluor-linked immunosorbent assay (digital p-FLISA) enables detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, both in solution and in live virions. Digital p-FLISA outperforms the "gold standard" enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), having a nearly 7000-fold lower limit-of-detection, and outperforms a commercial antigen test, having over 5000-fold improvement in analytical sensitivity. Detection and quantification of very low concentrations of target proteins holds potential for early detection of pathological conditions, treatment monitoring, and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Seth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Yuxiong Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Rohit Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Zheyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Ekansh Mittal
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Samhitha Kolla
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Priya Rathi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Prashant Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Bijal A Parikh
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Guy M Genin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Sumanth Gandra
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Gregory A Storch
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Jennifer A Philips
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Ige A George
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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10
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Keskin BB, Liu SF, Du PX, Tsai PS, Ho TS, Su WY, Lin PC, Shih HC, Weng KP, Yang KD, Huang YH, Kuo KC, Syu GD, Kuo HC. Profiling humoral responses to COVID-19 immunization in Kawasaki disease using SARS-CoV-2 variant protein microarrays. Analyst 2023; 148:4698-4709. [PMID: 37610260 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00802a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a form of acute systemic vasculitis syndrome that predominantly occurs in children under the age of 5 years. Its etiology has been postulated due to not only genetic factors but also the presence of foreign antigens or infectious agents. To evaluate possible associations between Kawasaki disease (KD) and COVID-19, we investigated humoral responses of KD patients against S-protein variants with SARS-CoV-2 variant protein microarrays. In this study, plasma from a cohort of KD (N = 90) and non-KD control (non-KD) (N = 69) subjects in categories of unvaccinated-uninfected (pre-pandemic), SARS-CoV-2 infected (10-100 days after infection), and 1-dose, 2-dose, and 3-dose BNT162b2 vaccinated (10-100 days after vaccination) was collected. The principal outcomes were non-KD-KD differences for each category in terms of anti-human/anti-His for binding antibodies and neutralizing percentage for surrogate neutralizing antibodies. Binding antibodies against spikes were lower in the KD subjects with 1-dose of BNT162b2, and mean differences were significant for the P.1 S-protein (non-KD-KD, 3401; 95% CI, 289.0 to 6512; P = 0.0252), B.1.617.2 S-protein (non-KD-KD, 4652; 95% CI, 215.8 to 9087; P = 0.0351) and B.1.617.3 S-protein (non-KD-KD, 4874; 95% CI, 31.41 to 9716; P = 0.0477). Neutralizing antibodies against spikes were higher in the KD subjects with 1-dose of BNT162b2, and mean percentage differences were significant for the 1-dose BNT162b2 B.1.617.3 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -22.89%; 95% CI, -45.08 to -0.6965; P = 0.0399), B.1.1.529 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -25.96%; 95% CI, -50.53 to -1.376; P = 0.0333), BA.2.12.1 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -27.83%; 95% CI, -52.55 to -3.115; P = 0.0195), BA.4 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -28.47%; 95% CI, -53.59 to -3.342; P = 0.0184), and BA.5 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -30.42%; 95% CI, -54.98 to -5.869; P = 0.0077). In conclusion, we have found that KD patients have a comparable immunization response to healthy individuals to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batuhan Birol Keskin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Feng Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Xian Du
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Shan Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Shiann Ho
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan 700, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yu Su
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Chun Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Hsi-Chang Shih
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ken-Pen Weng
- Congenital Structural Heart Disease Center, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | | | - Ying-Hsien Huang
- Kawasaki Disease Center and Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Kuang-Che Kuo
- Kawasaki Disease Center and Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Guan-Da Syu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Kawasaki Disease Center and Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
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11
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Yin D, Han Z, Lang B, Li Y, Mai G, Chen H, Feng L, Chen YQ, Luo H, Xiong Y, Jing L, Du X, Shu Y, Sun C. Effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1195533. [PMID: 37654488 PMCID: PMC10467281 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1195533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-existing cross-reactive immunity among different coronaviruses, also termed immune imprinting, may have a comprehensive impact on subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness. Here, we aim to explore the interplay between pre-existing seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs) antibodies and the humoral immunity induced by COVID-19 vaccination. Methods We first collected serum samples from healthy donors prior to COVID-19 pandemic and individuals who had received COVID-19 vaccination post-pandemic in China, and the levels of IgG antibodies against sCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 were detected by ELISA. Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-square test were used to compare the difference in magnitude and seropositivity rate between two groups. Then, we recruited a longitudinal cohort to collect serum samples before and after COVID-19 vaccination. The levels of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S, S1, S2 and N antigen were monitored. Association between pre-existing sCoVs antibody and COVID-19 vaccination-induced antibodies were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. Results 96.0% samples (339/353) showed the presence of IgG antibodies against at least one subtype of sCoVs. 229E and OC43 exhibited the highest seroprevalence rates at 78.5% and 72.0%, respectively, followed by NL63 (60.9%) and HKU1 (52.4%). The levels of IgG antibodies against two β coronaviruses (OC43 and HKU1) were significantly higher in these donors who had inoculated with COVID-19 vaccines compared to pre-pandemic healthy donors. However, we found that COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody levels were not significant different between two groups with high levelor low level of pre-existing sCoVs antibody among the longitudinal cohort. Conclusion We found a high prevalence of antibodies against sCoVs in Chinese population. The immune imprinting by sCoVs could be reactivated by COVID-19 vaccination, but it did not appear to be a major factor affecting the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccine. These findings will provide insights into understanding the impact of immune imprinting on subsequent multiple shots of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zirong Han
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Lang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Emergency Manage Department, Foshan, China
| | - Guoqin Mai
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbiao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liqiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao-qing Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanle Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaming Xiong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Lin Jing
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiangjun Du
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuelong Shu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Caijun Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Whelan M, Galipeau Y, White-Al Habeeb N, Konforte D, Abou El Hassan M, Booth RA, Arnold C, Langlois MA, Pelchat M. Cross-sectional Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels and Decay Rates Following Infection of Unvaccinated Elderly Individuals. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad384. [PMID: 37547857 PMCID: PMC10404006 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 infections have disproportionally burdened elderly populations with excessive mortality. While several contributing factors exists, questions remain about the quality and duration of humoral antibody-mediated responses resulting from infections in unvaccinated elderly individuals. Methods Residual serum/plasma samples were collected from individuals undergoing routine SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing in a community laboratory in Canada. The samples were collected in 2020, before vaccines became available. IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid, trimeric spike, and its receptor-binding domain were quantified via a high-throughput chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neutralization efficiency was also quantified through a surrogate high-throughput protein-based neutralization assay. Results This study analyzed SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in a large cross-sectional cohort (N = 739), enriched for elderly individuals (median age, 82 years; 75% >65 years old), where 72% of samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction. The age group ≥90 years had higher levels of antibodies than that <65 years. Neutralization efficiency showed an age-dependent trend, where older persons had higher levels of neutralizing antibodies. Antibodies targeting the nucleocapsid had the fastest decline. IgG antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain remained stable over time, potentially explaining the lack of neutralization decay observed in this cohort. Conclusions Despite older individuals having the highest levels of antibodies postinfection, they are the cohort in which antibody decay was the fastest. Until a better understanding of correlates of protection is acquired, along with the protective role of nonneutralizing antibodies, booster vaccinations remain important in this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Whelan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Yannick Galipeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | | | - Mohamed Abou El Hassan
- LifeLabs Medical Laboratory Services, Etobicoke, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ronald A Booth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Eastern Ontario Regional Laboratory Association, University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Corey Arnold
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Martin Pelchat
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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13
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Méndez C, Peñaloza HF, Schultz BM, Piña-Iturbe A, Ríos M, Moreno-Tapia D, Pereira-Sánchez P, Leighton D, Orellana C, Covarrubias C, Gálvez NMS, Soto JA, Duarte LF, Rivera-Pérez D, Vázquez Y, Cabrera A, Bustos S, Iturriaga C, Urzua M, Navarrete MS, Rojas Á, Fasce RA, Fernández J, Mora J, Ramírez E, Gaete-Argel A, Acevedo M, Valiente-Echeverría F, Soto-Rifo R, Weiskopf D, Grifoni A, Sette A, Zeng G, Meng W, González-Aramundiz JV, González PA, Abarca K, Melo-González F, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. Humoral and cellular response induced by a second booster of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104563. [PMID: 37099842 PMCID: PMC10129368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Omicron variant has challenged the control of the COVID-19 pandemic due to its immuno-evasive properties. The administration of a booster dose of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine showed positive effects in the immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2, effect that is even enhanced after the administration of a second booster. METHODS During a phase-3 clinical trial, we evaluated the effect of a second booster of CoronaVac®, an inactivated vaccine administered 6 months after the first booster, in the neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 (n = 87). In parallel, cellular immunity (n = 45) was analyzed in stimulated peripheral mononuclear cells by flow cytometry and ELISPOT. FINDINGS Although a 2.5-fold increase in neutralization of the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 was observed after the second booster when compared with prior its administration (Geometric mean units p < 0.0001; Geometric mean titer p = 0.0002), a poor neutralization against the Omicron variant was detected. Additionally, the activation of specific CD4+ T lymphocytes remained stable after the second booster and, importantly, equivalent activation of CD4+ T lymphocytes against the Omicron variant and the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 were found. INTERPRETATION Although the neutralizing response against the Omicron variant after the second booster of CoronaVac® was slightly increased, these levels are far from those observed against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and could most likely fail to neutralize the virus. In contrast, a robust CD4+T cell response may confer protection against the Omicron variant. FUNDING The Ministry of Health, Government of Chile, the Confederation of Production and Commerce, Chile and SINOVAC Biotech.NIHNIAID. The Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Méndez
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hernán F Peñaloza
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bárbara M Schultz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Piña-Iturbe
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Ríos
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Moreno-Tapia
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Pereira-Sánchez
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diane Leighton
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Orellana
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Consuelo Covarrubias
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás M S Gálvez
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge A Soto
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luisa F Duarte
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Rivera-Pérez
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yaneisi Vázquez
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alex Cabrera
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Bustos
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Iturriaga
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Urzua
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María S Navarrete
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas del Adulto, División de Medicina, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Álvaro Rojas
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas del Adulto, División de Medicina, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A Fasce
- Departamento de Laboratorio Biomédico, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Chile
| | - Jorge Fernández
- Departamento de Laboratorio Biomédico, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Chile
| | - Judith Mora
- Departamento de Laboratorio Biomédico, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Chile
| | - Eugenio Ramírez
- Departamento de Laboratorio Biomédico, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Chile
| | - Aracelly Gaete-Argel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Virología Molecular y Celular, Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Mónica Acevedo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Virología Molecular y Celular, Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Fernando Valiente-Echeverría
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Virología Molecular y Celular, Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Ricardo Soto-Rifo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Virología Molecular y Celular, Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | | | - José V González-Aramundiz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katia Abarca
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Melo-González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Susan M Bueno
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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14
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Denis J, Garnier A, Cheutin L, Ferrier A, Timera H, Jarjaval F, Hejl C, Billon-Denis E, Ricard D, Tournier JN, Trignol A, Mura M. Long-term systemic and mucosal SARS-CoV-2 IgA response and its association with persistent smell and taste disorders. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1140714. [PMID: 36969158 PMCID: PMC10031022 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1140714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Current approved COVID-19 vaccines, notably mRNA and adenoviral vectored technologies, still fail to fully protect against infection and transmission of various SARS-CoV-2 variants. The mucosal immunity at the upper respiratory tract represents the first line of defense against respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and is thus critical to develop vaccine blocking human-to-human transmission. Methods We measured systemic and mucosal Immunoglobulin A (IgA) response in serum and saliva from 133 healthcare workers from Percy teaching military hospital following a mild infection (SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain, n=58) or not infected (n=75), and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (Vaxzevria®/Astrazeneca and/or Comirnaty®/Pfizer). Results While serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgA response lasted up to 16 months post-infection, IgA response in saliva had mostly fallen to baseline level at 6 months post-infection. Vaccination could reactivate the mucosal response generated by prior infection, but failed to induce a significant mucosal IgA response by itself. Early post-COVID-19 serum anti-Spike-NTD IgA titer correlated with seroneutralization titers. Interestingly, its saliva counterpart positively correlated with persistent smell and taste disorders more than one year after mild COVID-19. Discussion As breakthrough infections have been correlated with IgA levels, other vaccine platforms inducing a better mucosal immunity are needed to control COVID-19 infection in the future. Our results encourage further studies to explore the prognosis potential of anti-Spike-NTD IgA in saliva at predicting persistent smell and taste disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Denis
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Annabelle Garnier
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Laurence Cheutin
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Audrey Ferrier
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Hawa Timera
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Fanny Jarjaval
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Carine Hejl
- Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Percy, Clamart, France
- Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Billon-Denis
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | | | - Damien Ricard
- Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Percy, Clamart, France
- Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France
- Centre Borelli Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9010/Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), Université de Paris Cité, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 4, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Nicolas Tournier
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Trignol
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Université Paris Cité, VIFASOM (UPR 7330 Vigilance Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Paris, France
| | - Marie Mura
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Innovation Lab: Vaccines, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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15
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Karaba AH, Johnston TS, Beck E, Laeyendecker O, Cox AL, Klein SL, Sullivan DJ. Endemic Human Coronavirus Antibody Levels Are Unchanged after Convalescent or Control Plasma Transfusion for Early Outpatient COVID-19 Treatment. mBio 2023; 14:e0328722. [PMID: 36625657 PMCID: PMC9973272 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03287-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of preexisting antibodies to the four endemic human coronaviruses (ehCoV) (229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1) on severe (hospitalization) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes has been described in small cohorts. Many studies have measured ehCoV 229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1 antibody levels weeks after recovery rather than in the first weeks of illness, which is more relevant to early hospitalizations. Antibody levels to the spike protein of the four coronaviruses (229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1), as well as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), were measured both before and immediately after convalescent or control plasma transfusion in 51 participants who were hospitalized and 250 who were not hospitalized, as well as in 71 convalescent and 50 control plasma donors as a subset from a completed randomized controlled trial. In COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors, the ehCoV spike antibodies were 1.2 to 2 times greater than the control donor unit levels, while donor COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies were more than 600 times the control plasma units. Plasma transfusion, whether COVID-19 convalescent or control, did not alter the post-transfusion antibody levels for the endemic human coronaviruses (229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1) in those hospitalized and not hospitalized, despite the 1.2- to 2-fold elevation in donor COVID-19 convalescent plasma. There was no influence of prior antibody levels to 229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1 or post-transfusion antibody levels on subsequent hospitalization. These data, from a well-controlled prospective randomized clinical trial, add evidence that antibodies to ehCoV do not significantly impact COVID-19 outcomes, despite the apparent back-boosting of some ehCoV after SARS-CoV-2 infection. IMPORTANCE The relevance of preexisting immunity to the four endemic human coronaviruses in the first week of COVID-19 illness on the outcome of COVID-19 progression stems from the high prevalence of the ehCoV and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses. The question has been raised of whether therapeutic convalescent plasma or control plasma containing ehCoV antibodies might alter the outcome of COVID-19 progression to hospitalization. Here, we observed that plasma transfusion did not significantly change the preexisting ehCoV antibody levels. In over 50 hospitalized participants and 250 nonhospitalized participants, ehCoV antibody levels were comparable, without statistical differences. Antibody levels were stable over the more than 12 months of the intervention trial, with individual heterogeneity similar in hospitalized and nonhospitalized participants. The ehCoV antibodies in plasma transfusion did not alter the recipient preexisting antibody levels nor hasten the COVID-19 progression to hospitalization in this clinical trial data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H. Karaba
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Trevor S. Johnston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Evan Beck
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Oliver Laeyendecker
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea L. Cox
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sabra L. Klein
- The Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David J. Sullivan
- The Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - COVID-19 Serologic Studies Consortium
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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16
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Luo Y, Lv H, Zhao S, Sun Y, Liu C, Chen C, Liang W, Kwok KO, Teo QW, So RTY, Lin Y, Deng Y, Li B, Dai Z, Zhu J, Zhang D, Fernando J, Wu NC, Tun HM, Bruzzone R, Mok CKP, Mu X. Age-related seroprevalence trajectories of seasonal coronaviruses in children including neonates in Guangzhou, China. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 127:26-32. [PMID: 36481488 PMCID: PMC9721286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Four seasonal coronaviruses, including human coronavirus (HCoV)-229E and HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1 cause approximately 15-30% of common colds in adults. However, the full landscape of the immune trajectory to these viruses that covers the whole childhood period is still not well understood. METHODS We evaluated the serological responses against the four seasonal coronaviruses in 1886 children aged under 18 years by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The optical density values against each HCoV were determined from each sample. Generalized additive models were constructed to determine the relationship between age and seroprevalence throughout the whole childhood period. The specific antibody levels against the four seasonal coronaviruses were also tested from the plasma samples of 485 pairs of postpartum women and their newborn babies. RESULTS The immunoglobulin (Ig) G levels of the four seasonal coronaviruses in the mother and the newborn babies were highly correlated (229E: r = 0.63; OC43: r = 0.65; NL63: r = 0.69; HKU1: r = 0.63). The seroprevalences in children showed a similar trajectory in that the levels of IgG in the neonates dropped significantly and reached the lowest level after the age of around 1 year (229E: 1.18 years; OC43: 0.97 years; NL63: 1.01 years; HKU1: 1.02 years) and then resurgence in the children who aged older than 1 year. Using the lowest level from the generalized additive models as our cutoff, the seroprevalences for HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1 were 98.11%, 96.23%, 96.23% and 94.34% at the age of 16-18 years. CONCLUSION Mothers share HCoV-specific IgGs with their newborn babies and the level of maternal IgGs waned at around 1 year after birth. The resurgence of the HCoV-specific IgGs was found thereafter with the increase in age suggesting repeated infection occurred in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasha Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huibin Lv
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shilin Zhao
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Yuanxin Sun
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China,The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chengyi Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunke Chen
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weiwen Liang
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kin-on Kwok
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Wen Teo
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Ray TY So
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yihan Lin
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuhong Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biyun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixi Dai
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dengwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and The Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Julia Fernando
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nicholas C Wu
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA,Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA,Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Hein M. Tun
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China,The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Roberto Bruzzone
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chris KP Mok
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China,The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Corresponding authors:
| | - Xiaoping Mu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China,Corresponding authors:
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17
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Nyagwange J, Kutima B, Mwai K, Karanja HK, Gitonga JN, Mugo D, Sein Y, Wright D, Omuoyo DO, Nyiro JU, Tuju J, Nokes DJ, Agweyu A, Bejon P, Ochola-Oyier LI, Scott JAG, Lambe T, Nduati E, Agoti C, Warimwe GM. Serum immunoglobulin G and mucosal immunoglobulin A antibodies from prepandemic samples collected in Kilifi, Kenya, neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 127:11-16. [PMID: 36476349 PMCID: PMC9721188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many regions of Africa have experienced lower COVID-19 morbidity and mortality than Europe. Pre-existing humoral responses to endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) may cross-protect against SARS-CoV-2. We investigated the neutralizing capacity of SARS-CoV-2 spike reactive and nonreactive immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA antibodies in prepandemic samples. METHODS To investigate the presence of pre-existing immunity, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using spike antigens from reference SARS-CoV-2, HCoV HKU1, OC43, NL63, and 229E using prepandemic samples from Kilifi in coastal Kenya. In addition, we performed neutralization assays using pseudotyped reference SARS-CoV-2 to determine the functionality of the identified reactive antibodies. RESULTS We demonstrate the presence of HCoV serum IgG and mucosal IgA antibodies, which cross-react with the SARS-CoV-2 spike. We show pseudotyped reference SARS-CoV-2 neutralization by prepandemic serum, with a mean infective dose 50 of 1: 251, which is 10-fold less than that of the pooled convalescent sera from patients with COVID-19 but still within predicted protection levels. The prepandemic naso-oropharyngeal fluid neutralized pseudo-SARS-CoV-2 at a mean infective dose 50 of 1: 5.9 in the neutralization assay. CONCLUSION Our data provide evidence for pre-existing functional humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Kilifi, coastal Kenya and adds to data showing pre-existing immunity for COVID-19 from other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Nyagwange
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
| | | | - Kennedy Mwai
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Henry K Karanja
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - John N Gitonga
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Daisy Mugo
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Yiakon Sein
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Daniel Wright
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joyce U Nyiro
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - James Tuju
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - D James Nokes
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research (SBIDER), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom; School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ambrose Agweyu
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Philip Bejon
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | | | - J Anthony G Scott
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom; Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street WC1E 7HT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Lambe
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Eunice Nduati
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Charles Agoti
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - George M Warimwe
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
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18
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Zsichla L, Müller V. Risk Factors of Severe COVID-19: A Review of Host, Viral and Environmental Factors. Viruses 2023; 15:175. [PMID: 36680215 PMCID: PMC9863423 DOI: 10.3390/v15010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease and death. Understanding the risk factors of severe COVID-19 is relevant both in the clinical setting and at the epidemiological level. Here, we provide an overview of host, viral and environmental factors that have been shown or (in some cases) hypothesized to be associated with severe clinical outcomes. The factors considered in detail include the age and frailty, genetic polymorphisms, biological sex (and pregnancy), co- and superinfections, non-communicable comorbidities, immunological history, microbiota, and lifestyle of the patient; viral genetic variation and infecting dose; socioeconomic factors; and air pollution. For each category, we compile (sometimes conflicting) evidence for the association of the factor with COVID-19 outcomes (including the strength of the effect) and outline possible action mechanisms. We also discuss the complex interactions between the various risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Zsichla
- Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Müller
- Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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19
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Lee B, Ko JH, Lee KH, Kim YC, Song YG, Park YS, Baek YJ, Ahn JY, Choi JY, Song KH, Kim ES, Bae S, Kim SH, Jeong HW, Kim SW, Kwon KT, Kim SH, Jeong H, Kim B, Kim SS, Choi WS, Peck KR, Kang ES. Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Activity and Protective Immunity in Different Vaccine Types Using Three Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test Assays and Two Semiquantitative Binding Assays Targeting the Receptor-Binding Domain. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0266922. [PMID: 36250875 PMCID: PMC9769750 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02669-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Estimating neutralizing activity in vaccinees is crucial for predicting the protective effect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) requires a biosafety level 3 facility, it would be advantageous if surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) assays and binding assays could predict neutralizing activity. Here, five different assays were evaluated with respect to the PRNT in vaccinees: three sVNT assays from GenScript, Boditech Med, and SD Biosensor and two semiquantitative binding assays from Roche and Abbott. The vaccinees were subjected to three vaccination protocols: homologous ChAdOx1, homologous BNT162b2, and heterologous administration. The ability to predict a 50% neutralizing dose (ND50) of ≥20 largely varied among the assays, with the binding assays showing substantial agreement (kappa, ~0.90) and the sVNT assays showing relatively poor performance, especially in the ChAdOx1 group (kappa, 0.33 to 0.97). The ability to predict an ND50 value of ≥118.25, indicating a protective effect, was comparable among different assays. Applying optimal cutoffs based on Youden's index, the kappa agreements were greater than 0.60 for all assays in the total group. Overall, relatively poor performance was demonstrated in the ChAdOx1 group, owing to low antibody titers. Although there were intra-assay differences related to the vaccination protocols, as well as interassay differences, all assays demonstrated fair performance in predicting the protective effect using the new cutoffs. This study demonstrates the need for a different cutoff for each assay to appropriately determine a higher neutralizing titer and suggests the clinical feasibility of using various assays for estimation of the protective effect. IMPORTANCE The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to last, despite high COVID-19 vaccination rates. As many people experience breakthrough infection after prior infection and/or vaccination, estimating the neutralization activity and predicting the protective effect are major issues of concern. However, since standard neutralization tests are not available in most clinical laboratories, it would be beneficial if commercial assays could predict these aspects. In this study, we evaluated the performance of three sVNT assays and two semiquantitative binding assays targeting the receptor-binding domain with respect to the PRNT. Our results suggest that these assays could be used for predicting the protective effect by adjusting the cutoffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomki Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Ko
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwa Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Chan Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Young Goo Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Park
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Yae Jee Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Yong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Eu Suk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Seongman Bae
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Han Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Shin-Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ki Tae Kwon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea
| | - Hyeonji Jeong
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea
| | - Byoungguk Kim
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea
| | - Sung Soon Kim
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea
| | - Won Suk Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Kyong Ran Peck
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Suk Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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20
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Schwarze M, Luo J, Brakel A, Krizsan A, Lakowa N, Grünewald T, Lehmann C, Wolf J, Borte S, Milkovska-Stamenova S, Gabert J, Scholz M, Hoffmann R. Evaluation of S- and M-Proteins Expressed in Escherichia coli and HEK Cells for Serological Detection of Antibodies in Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infections and mRNA-Based Vaccinations. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121515. [PMID: 36558849 PMCID: PMC9782079 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the IgG and IgA antibody response against recombinant S1 and receptor binding domains (RBD) of the spike (S-) protein and the membrane (M-) protein using a set of 115 serum samples collected from patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Germany before April 2021 using protein and peptide ELISA. As S1- and RBD-proteins expressed in Escherichia coli provided poor sensitivities in ELISA, they were replaced by proteins expressed in HEK cells. The RBD-ELISA provided a sensitivity of 90.6% (N = 85) for samples collected from patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections more than 14 days after symptom onset or a positive PCR test. In population-based controls, the specificity was 97.9% (N = 94). In contrast, the sensitivities were only 41.2% and 72.6% for M- and N-proteins, respectively, while the specificities were 88.5% and 100%, respectively. Considering also 20 samples collected during the first two weeks of symptom onset or PCR confirmation, the sensitivity of RBD- and N-protein ELISA decreased to 82.6% and 72.6%, respectively. The combination of two data sets, i.e., N- and RBD-, N- and M-, or RBD- and M-proteins increased the sensitivity to 85.8%, 77.9%, and 87.8%, respectively. Peptide mapping mostly confirmed epitopes previously reported for S1- and M-proteins, but they were only recognized by a few samples already tested positive in the corresponding protein ELISA indicating that peptide-based assays will not improve the diagnostic sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Schwarze
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ji Luo
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Adversis Pharma GmbH, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexandra Brakel
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andor Krizsan
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Lakowa
- Klinik für Infektions- und Tropenmedizin, Klinikum Chemnitz gGmbH, 09113 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Thomas Grünewald
- Klinik für Infektions- und Tropenmedizin, Klinikum Chemnitz gGmbH, 09113 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Claudia Lehmann
- Laboratory for Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Wolf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital St. Georg gGmbH, 04129 Leipzig, Germany
- Immuno Deficiency Center Leipzig, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Hospital St. Georg gGmbH, 04129 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Borte
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital St. Georg gGmbH, 04129 Leipzig, Germany
- Immuno Deficiency Center Leipzig, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Hospital St. Georg gGmbH, 04129 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sanja Milkovska-Stamenova
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Adversis Pharma GmbH, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Gabert
- Adversis Pharma GmbH, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Universität Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence:
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21
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Li Y, Merbah M, Wollen-Roberts S, Beckman B, Mdluli T, Swafford I, Mayer SV, King J, Corbitt C, Currier JR, Liu H, Esber A, Pinyakorn S, Parikh A, Francisco LV, Phanuphak N, Maswai J, Owuoth J, Kibuuka H, Iroezindu M, Bahemana E, Vasan S, Ake JA, Modjarrad K, Gromowski G, Paquin-Proulx D, Rolland M. Coronavirus Antibody Responses before COVID-19 Pandemic, Africa and Thailand. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2214-2225. [PMID: 36220131 PMCID: PMC9622245 DOI: 10.3201/eid2811.221041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior immune responses to coronaviruses might affect human SARS-CoV-2 response. We screened 2,565 serum and plasma samples collected from 2013 through early 2020, before the COVID-19 pandemic began, from 2,250 persons in 4 countries in Africa (Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda) and in Thailand, including persons living with HIV-1. We detected IgG responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) subunit 2 protein in 1.8% of participants. Profiling against 23 coronavirus antigens revealed that responses to S, subunit 2, or subunit 1 proteins were significantly more frequent than responses to the receptor-binding domain, S-Trimer, or nucleocapsid proteins (p<0.0001). We observed similar responses in persons with or without HIV-1. Among all coronavirus antigens tested, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibody responses were much higher in participants from Africa than in participants from Thailand (p<0.01). We noted less pronounced differences for endemic coronaviruses. Serosurveys could affect vaccine and monoclonal antibody distribution across global populations.
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22
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Lavell AHA, Sikkens JJ, Edridge AWD, van der Straten K, Sechan F, Oomen M, Buis DTP, Schinkel M, Burger JA, Poniman M, van Rijswijk J, de Jong MD, de Bree GJ, Peters EJG, Smulders YM, Sanders RW, van Gils MJ, van der Hoek L, Bomers MK. Recent infection with HCoV-OC43 may be associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. iScience 2022; 25:105105. [PMID: 36101832 PMCID: PMC9458542 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies against seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are known to cross-react with SARS-CoV-2, but data on cross-protective effects of prior HCoV infections are conflicting. In a prospective cohort of healthcare workers (HCWs), we studied the association between seasonal HCoV (OC43, HKU1, 229E and NL63) nucleocapsid protein IgG and SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic wave in the Netherlands (March 2020 - June 2020), by 4-weekly serum sampling. HCW with HCoV-OC43 antibody levels in the highest quartile, were less likely to become SARS-CoV-2 seropositive when compared with those with lower levels (6/32, 18.8%, versus 42/97, 43.3%, respectively: p = 0.019; HR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16-0.88). We found no significant association with HCoV-OC43 spike protein IgG, or with antibodies against other HCoVs. Our results indicate that the high levels of HCoV-OC43-nucleocapsid antibodies, as an indicator of a recent infection, are associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection; this supports and informs efforts to develop pancoronavirus vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Ayesha Lavell
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonne J Sikkens
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur W D Edridge
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karlijn van der Straten
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ferdyansyah Sechan
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Melissa Oomen
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David T P Buis
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel Schinkel
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Amsterdam UMC Location Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Judith A Burger
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meliawati Poniman
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline van Rijswijk
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Menno D de Jong
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Godelieve J de Bree
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Edgar J G Peters
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yvo M Smulders
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Marit J van Gils
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lia van der Hoek
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marije K Bomers
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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23
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Heiskanen A, Galipeau Y, Langlois MA, Little J, Cooper CL. SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Those Utilizing Public Transportation or Working in the Transportation Industry: A Rapid Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11629. [PMID: 36141897 PMCID: PMC9517055 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Proximity and duration of social contact while working or using public transportation may increase users' risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure. This review aims to assess evidence of an association between use of public transportation or work in the transportation industry and prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies as well as to identify factors associated with seropositivity in transit users. A literature search of major databases was conducted from December 2019 to January 2022 using key worlds including "seroprevalence", "SARS-CoV-2", and "public transit". A narrative review of included studies was completed for the following categories: those working in the transportation industry, healthcare workers relying on public transit, and population-based studies. The association between work in the transit industry and seroprevalence varied based on location, demographic characteristics, and test sensitivities. No association was found in healthcare workers. Several population-based studies indicated higher seroprevalence in those using public transit. Overall seroprevalence estimates varied based on geographic location, population demographics, study methodologies, and calendar date of assessment. However, seropositivity was consistently higher in racial minorities and low-income communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliisa Heiskanen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yannick Galipeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Curtis L. Cooper
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
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24
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Rossotti MA, van Faassen H, Tran AT, Sheff J, Sandhu JK, Duque D, Hewitt M, Wen X, Bavananthasivam J, Beitari S, Matte K, Laroche G, Giguère PM, Gervais C, Stuible M, Guimond J, Perret S, Hussack G, Langlois MA, Durocher Y, Tanha J. Arsenal of nanobodies shows broad-spectrum neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in vitro and in vivo in hamster models. Commun Biol 2022; 5:933. [PMID: 36085335 PMCID: PMC9461429 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanobodies offer several potential advantages over mAbs for the control of SARS-CoV-2. Their ability to access cryptic epitopes conserved across SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) and feasibility to engineer modular, multimeric designs, make these antibody fragments ideal candidates for developing broad-spectrum therapeutics against current and continually emerging SARS-CoV-2 VoCs. Here we describe a diverse collection of 37 anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein nanobodies extensively characterized as both monovalent and IgG Fc-fused bivalent modalities. The nanobodies were collectively shown to have high intrinsic affinity; high thermal, thermodynamic and aerosolization stability; broad subunit/domain specificity and cross-reactivity across existing VoCs; wide-ranging epitopic and mechanistic diversity and high and broad in vitro neutralization potencies. A select set of Fc-fused nanobodies showed high neutralization efficacies in hamster models of SARS-CoV-2 infection, reducing viral burden by up to six orders of magnitude to below detectable levels. In vivo protection was demonstrated with anti-RBD and previously unreported anti-NTD and anti-S2 nanobodies. This collection of nanobodies provides a potential therapeutic toolbox from which various cocktails or multi-paratopic formats could be built to combat multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Rossotti
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Henk van Faassen
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Anh T Tran
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joey Sheff
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jagdeep K Sandhu
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Diana Duque
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Hewitt
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaoxue Wen
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jegarubee Bavananthasivam
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Saina Beitari
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin Matte
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Geneviève Laroche
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick M Giguère
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Gervais
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Guimond
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Perret
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Greg Hussack
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jamshid Tanha
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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25
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Collins E, Galipeau Y, Arnold C, Bosveld C, Heiskanen A, Keeshan A, Nakka K, Shir-Mohammadi K, St-Denis-Bissonnette F, Tamblyn L, Vranjkovic A, Wood LC, Booth R, Buchan CA, Crawley AM, Little J, McGuinty M, Saginur R, Langlois MA, Cooper CL. Cohort profile: Stop the Spread Ottawa (SSO) -a community-based prospective cohort study on antibody responses, antibody neutralisation efficiency and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062187. [PMID: 36691221 PMCID: PMC9461086 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the robustness and longevity of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses conferred by natural infection and vaccination among priority populations such as immunocompromised individuals and people with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 in a prospective cohort study (Stop the Spread Ottawa-SSO) in adults living in the Ottawa region. In this paper, we describe the study design, ongoing data collection and baseline characteristics of participants. PARTICIPANTS Since October 2020, participants who tested positive for COVID-19 (convalescents) or at high risk of exposure to the virus (under surveillance) have provided monthly blood and saliva samples over a 10-month period. As of 2 November 2021, 1026 adults had completed the baseline survey and 976 had attended baseline bloodwork. 300 participants will continue to provide bimonthly blood samples for 24 additional months (ie, total follow-up of 34 months). FINDINGS TO DATE The median age of the baseline sample was 44 (IQR 23, range: 18-79) and just over two-thirds (n=688; 67.1%) were female. 255 participants (24.9%) had a history of COVID-19 infection confirmed by PCR and/or serology. Over 600 participants (60.0%) work in high-risk occupations (eg, healthcare, teaching and transportation). 108 participants (10.5%) reported immunocompromising conditions or treatments at baseline (eg, cancer, HIV, other immune deficiency, and/or use of immunosuppressants). FUTURE PLANS SSO continues to yield rich research potential, given the collection of pre-vaccine baseline data and samples from the majority of participants, recruitment of diverse subgroups of interest, and a high level of participant retention and compliance with monthly sampling. The 24-month study extension will maximise opportunities to track SARS-CoV-2 immunity and vaccine efficacy, detect and characterise emerging variants, and compare subgroup humoral and cellular response robustness and persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Collins
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yannick Galipeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Corey Arnold
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cameron Bosveld
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aliisa Heiskanen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexa Keeshan
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kiran Nakka
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Khatereh Shir-Mohammadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Laura Tamblyn
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Agatha Vranjkovic
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leah C Wood
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronald Booth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Immunology Section, Eastern Ontario Regional Laboratory Association (EORLA), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Arianne Buchan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela M Crawley
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Coronavirus Variants Rapid Response Network (CoVaRR-Net), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Coronavirus Variants Rapid Response Network (CoVaRR-Net), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- The Knowledge Synthesis and Application Unit (KSAU), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michaeline McGuinty
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raphael Saginur
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Health Science Network Research Ethics Board (OHSN-REB), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Coronavirus Variants Rapid Response Network (CoVaRR-Net), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Curtis L Cooper
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Coronavirus Variants Rapid Response Network (CoVaRR-Net), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Joyner MJ, Pirofski LA. Convalescent Plasma for Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2022; 387:955. [PMID: 36069882 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2208338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Monteiro A, Chang AJ, Welliver RR, Baron S, Hicar MD. Humoral cross-coronavirus responses against the S2 region in children with Kawasaki disease. Virology 2022; 575:83-90. [PMID: 36088793 PMCID: PMC9437773 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), a post infectious complication of SARS CoV-2 infection, shares enough features with Kawasaki Disease (KD) that some have hypothesized cross-coronavirus (CoV) immunity may explain the shared pathology. Recent studies have shown that humoral cross-reactivity of the CoVs, particularly of OC43, is focused on the S2 region of the Spike protein. Due to efforts utilizing CoV S2 regions to produce a cross-CoV vaccine, we wished to assess SARS-CoV-2 S2 reactivity in children with KD and assess if cardiac involvement in KD correlated with S2 CoV antibody targeting. The presence of cross-reactivity does not distinguish KD from febrile controls and does not correlate with cardiac involvement in KD. These findings support that, in relation to cardiac vascular inflammation, vaccines targeting the S2 region appear to be a safe approach, but there is disparity in the ability of CoV species to raise cross-reactive S2 targeted antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Monteiro
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Arthur J Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - R Ross Welliver
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Baron
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mark D Hicar
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Knopf J, Sjöwall J, Frodlund M, Hinkula J, Herrmann M, Sjöwall C. NET Formation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172619. [PMID: 36078028 PMCID: PMC9455008 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The severity of the coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) is strongly linked to a dysregulated immune response. This fuels the fear of severe disease in patients with autoimmune disorders continuously using immunosuppressive/immunomodulating medications. One complication of COVID-19 is thromboembolism caused by intravascular aggregates of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) occluding the affected vessels. Like COVID-19, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by, amongst others, an increased risk of thromboembolism. An imbalance between NET formation and clearance is suggested to play a prominent role in exacerbating autoimmunity and disease severity. Serologic evidence of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 has a minor impact on the SLE course in a Swedish cohort reportedly. Herein, we assessed NET formation in patients from this cohort by neutrophil elastase (NE) activity and the presence of cell-free DNA, MPO-DNA, and NE-DNA complexes and correlated the findings to the clinical parameters. The presence of NE-DNA complexes and NE activity differed significantly in pre-pandemic versus pandemic serum samples. The latter correlated significantly with the hemoglobin concentration, blood cell counts, and complement protein 3 and 4 levels in the pre-pandemic but only with the leukocyte count and neutrophil levels in the pandemic serum samples. Taken together, our data suggest a change, especially in the NE activity independent of exposure to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Knopf
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Johanna Sjöwall
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection/Infectious Diseases, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Martina Frodlund
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection/Rheumatology, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jorma Hinkula
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher Sjöwall
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Inflammation and Infection/Rheumatology, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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Bagno FF, Sérgio SAR, Figueiredo MM, Godoi LC, Andrade LAF, Salazar NC, Soares CP, Aguiar A, Almeida FJ, da Silva ED, Ferreira AGP, Durigon EL, Gazzinelli RT, Teixeira SMR, Fernandes APSM, da Fonseca FG. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOASSAY KIT FOR DIAGNOSIS AND SURVEILLANCE OF COVID-19. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY PLUS 2022:100103. [PMID: 35993012 PMCID: PMC9384617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcvp.2022.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a massive demand to identify alternative methods to detect new cases of COVID-19 as well as to investigate the epidemiology of the disease. In many countries, importation of commercial kits poses a significant impact on their testing capacity and increases the costs for the public health system. We have developed an ELISA to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using a recombinant viral nucleocapsid (rN) protein expressed in E. coli. Using a total of 894 clinical samples we showed that the rN-ELISA was able to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity (97.5%) and specificity (96.3%) when compared to a commercial antibody test. After three external validation studies, we showed that the test accuracy was higher than 90%. The rN-ELISA IgG kit constitutes a convenient and specific method for the large-scale determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human sera with high reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia F Bagno
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sarah A R Sérgio
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Marta Figueiredo
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual de Minas Gerais, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Lara C Godoi
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luis A F Andrade
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Natália C Salazar
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Camila P Soares
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andressa Aguiar
- Geriatric and Convalescent Hospital Dom Pedro II, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia Jaqueline Almeida
- Department of Pediatrics, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edimilson D da Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônio G P Ferreira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo T Gazzinelli
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Santuza M R Teixeira
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Depto de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula S M Fernandes
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flavio G da Fonseca
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas (CT Vacinas), BH-Tec, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Depto de Microbiologia, ICB/UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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30
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Bagno FF, Sérgio SA, Figueiredo MM, Godoi LC, Andrade LA, Salazar NC, Soares CP, Aguiar A, Almeida FJ, da Silva ED, Ferreira AG, Durigon EL, Gazzinelli RT, Teixeira SM, Fernandes APS, da Fonseca FG. Development and validation of an enzyme-linked immunoassay kit for diagnosis and surveillance of COVID-19. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY PLUS 2022; 2:100101. [PMID: 35959109 PMCID: PMC9356643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcvp.2022.100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a massive demand to identify alternative methods to detect new cases of COVID-19 as well as to investigate the epidemiology of the disease. In many countries, importation of commercial kits poses a significant impact on their testing capacity and increases the costs for the public health system. We have developed an ELISA to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using a recombinant viral nucleocapsid (rN) protein expressed in E. coli. Using a total of 894 clinical samples we showed that the rN-ELISA was able to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity (97.5%) and specificity (96.3%) when compared to a commercial antibody test. After three external validation studies, we showed that the test accuracy was higher than 90%. The rN-ELISA IgG kit constitutes a convenient and specific method for the large-scale determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human sera with high reliability.
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31
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Anand SS, Arnold C, Bangdiwala SI, Bolotin S, Bowdish D, Chanchlani R, de Souza RJ, Desai D, Kandasamy S, Khan F, Khan Z, Langlois MA, Limbachia J, Lear SA, Loeb M, Loh L, Manoharan B, Nakka K, Pelchat M, Punthakee Z, Schulze KM, Williams N, Wahi G. Seropositivity and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in a South Asian community in Ontario: a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E599-E609. [PMID: 35790229 PMCID: PMC9262348 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20220031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, the South Asian community in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) was identified as having risk factors for exposure and specific barriers to accessing testing and reliable health information, rendering them particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We sought to investigate the burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection among South Asian people in the GTA, and to characterize the demographic characteristics, risk perceptions and trusted sources of health information in this group. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis from the baseline assessment of participants in a prospective cohort study. Participants from the GTA were enrolled from Apr. 14 to July 28, 2021. Seropositivity for antispike and antinucleocapsid antibodies was determined from dried blood spots, and estimates of seropositivity were age and sex standardized to the South Asian population in Ontario. Demographic characteristics, risk perceptions and sources of COVID-19 information were collected via questionnaire and reported descriptively. RESULTS Among the 916 South Asian participants enrolled (mean age 41 yr), the age- and sex-standardized seropositivity was 23.6% (95% confidence interval 20.8%-26.4%). Of the 693 respondents to the questionnaire, 228 (32.9%) identified as essential workers, and 125 (19.1%) reported living in a multigenerational household. A total of 288 (49.4%) perceived that they were at high COVID-19 risk owing to their geographic location, and 149 (34.3%) owing to their type of employment. The top 3 most trusted sources of information related to COVID-19 included health care providers and public health, traditional media sources and social media. INTERPRETATION By the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, about one-quarter of a sample of South Asian individuals in Ontario had serologic evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Insight into factors that put certain populations at risk can help future pandemic planning and disease control efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia S Anand
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
| | - Corey Arnold
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Shrikant I Bangdiwala
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Shelly Bolotin
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Dawn Bowdish
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Rahul Chanchlani
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Dipika Desai
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Sujane Kandasamy
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Farah Khan
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Zainab Khan
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Jayneel Limbachia
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Scott A Lear
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Mark Loeb
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Lawrence Loh
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Baanu Manoharan
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Kiran Nakka
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Martin Pelchat
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Zubin Punthakee
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Karleen M Schulze
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Natalie Williams
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Gita Wahi
- Department of Medicine (Anand, Bowdish, Punthakee, Schulze, Williams), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Anand, Bangdiwala, de Souza, Desai, F. Khan, Z. Khan, Limbachia, Punthakee), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (Arnold, Langlois, Nakka, Pelchat), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Bangdiwala, de Souza, Kandasamy, Loeb, Manoharan), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Public Health Ontario (Bolotin); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Bolotin, Loh), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Chanchlani, Wahi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Faculty of Health Sciences (Lear), Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Loeb), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
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Podrazil M, Taborska P, Stakheev D, Rataj M, Lastovicka J, Vlachova A, Pohunek P, Bartunkova J, Smrz D. Effectiveness and Durability of mRNA Vaccine-Induced SARS-CoV-2-Specific Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Severe Asthma Patients on Biological Therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:892277. [PMID: 35669765 PMCID: PMC9163958 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.892277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines effectively elicit humoral and cellular immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in healthy populations. This immunity decreases several months after vaccination. However, the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity and its durability in patients with severe asthma on biological therapy are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness and durability of mRNA vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in severe asthma patients on biological therapy. The study included 34 patients with severe asthma treated with anti-IgE (omalizumab, n=17), anti-IL5 (mepolizumab, n=13; reslizumab, n=3), or anti-IL5R (benralizumab, n=1) biological therapy. All patients were vaccinated with two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine with a 6-week interval between the doses. We found that this COVID-19 vaccination regimen elicited SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity, which had significantly declined 6 months after receipt of the second dose of the vaccine. The type of biological treatment did not affect vaccine-elicited immunity. However, patient age negatively impacted the vaccine-induced humoral response. On the other hand, no such age-related impact on vaccine-elicited cellular immunity was observed. Our findings show that treatment of patients with severe asthma with biological therapy does not compromise the effectiveness or durability of COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Podrazil
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavla Taborska
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Dmitry Stakheev
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Michal Rataj
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Lastovicka
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Alena Vlachova
- Department of Pneumology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Pohunek
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jirina Bartunkova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Daniel Smrz
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
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33
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Colwill K, Galipeau Y, Stuible M, Gervais C, Arnold C, Rathod B, Abe KT, Wang JH, Pasculescu A, Maltseva M, Rocheleau L, Pelchat M, Fazel‐Zarandi M, Iskilova M, Barrios‐Rodiles M, Bennett L, Yau K, Cholette F, Mesa C, Li AX, Paterson A, Hladunewich MA, Goodwin PJ, Wrana JL, Drews SJ, Mubareka S, McGeer AJ, Kim J, Langlois M, Gingras A, Durocher Y. A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1380. [PMID: 35356067 PMCID: PMC8942165 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Antibody testing against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been instrumental in detecting previous exposures and analyzing vaccine-elicited immune responses. Here, we describe a scalable solution to detect and quantify SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, discriminate between natural infection- and vaccination-induced responses, and assess antibody-mediated inhibition of the spike-angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) interaction. Methods We developed methods and reagents to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The main assays focus on the parallel detection of immunoglobulin (Ig)Gs against the spike trimer, its receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid (N). We automated a surrogate neutralisation (sn)ELISA that measures inhibition of ACE2-spike or -RBD interactions by antibodies. The assays were calibrated to a World Health Organization reference standard. Results Our single-point IgG-based ELISAs accurately distinguished non-infected and infected individuals. For seroprevalence assessment (in a non-vaccinated cohort), classifying a sample as positive if antibodies were detected for ≥ 2 of the 3 antigens provided the highest specificity. In vaccinated cohorts, increases in anti-spike and -RBD (but not -N) antibodies are observed. We present detailed protocols for serum/plasma or dried blood spots analysis performed manually and on automated platforms. The snELISA can be performed automatically at single points, increasing its scalability. Conclusions Measuring antibodies to three viral antigens and identify neutralising antibodies capable of disrupting spike-ACE2 interactions in high-throughput enables large-scale analyses of humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. The reagents are available to enable scaling up of standardised serological assays, permitting inter-laboratory data comparison and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Colwill
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
| | - Yannick Galipeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research CentreNational Research Council CanadaMontréalQCCanada
| | - Christian Gervais
- Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research CentreNational Research Council CanadaMontréalQCCanada
| | - Corey Arnold
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - Bhavisha Rathod
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
- Present address:
Treadwell TherapeuticsTorontoONCanada
| | - Kento T Abe
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Jenny H Wang
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
| | - Adrian Pasculescu
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
| | - Mariam Maltseva
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - Lynda Rocheleau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - Martin Pelchat
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
- The Centre for Infection, Immunity, and InflammationUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - Mahya Fazel‐Zarandi
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
| | - Mariam Iskilova
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
| | - Miriam Barrios‐Rodiles
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
| | - Linda Bennett
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
| | - Kevin Yau
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoONCanada
| | - François Cholette
- National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegMBCanada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Christine Mesa
- National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Angel X Li
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
- Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
| | - Aimee Paterson
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
- Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
| | - Michelle A Hladunewich
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoONCanada
| | - Pamela J Goodwin
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
- Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Jeffrey L Wrana
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Steven J Drews
- Microbiology, Donation Policy and StudiesCanadian Blood ServicesEdmontonABCanada
- Division of Diagnostic and Applied MicrobiologyDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Samira Mubareka
- Division of MicrobiologyDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular DiagnosticsSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoONCanada
- Biological SciencesSunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada
- Division of Infectious DiseasesSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoONCanada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Allison J McGeer
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
- Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - John Kim
- National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Marc‐André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
- The Centre for Infection, Immunity, and InflammationUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - Anne‐Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai HospitalSinai HealthTorontoONCanada
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research CentreNational Research Council CanadaMontréalQCCanada
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34
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Nasrallah GK. Do preexisting antibodies against seasonal coronaviruses have a protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infections and impact on COVID-19 severity? EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103831. [PMID: 35081490 PMCID: PMC8783954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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35
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Chitpin JG, Surendra A, Nguyen TT, Taylor GP, Xu H, Alecu I, Ortega R, Tomlinson JJ, Crawley AM, McGuinty M, Schlossmacher MG, Saunders-Pullman R, Cuperlovic-Culf M, Bennett SAL, Perkins TJ. BATL: Bayesian annotations for targeted lipidomics. Bioinformatics 2021; 38:1593-1599. [PMID: 34951624 PMCID: PMC8896618 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Bioinformatic tools capable of annotating, rapidly and reproducibly, large, targeted lipidomic datasets are limited. Specifically, few programs enable high-throughput peak assessment of liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry data acquired in either selected or multiple reaction monitoring modes. RESULTS We present here Bayesian Annotations for Targeted Lipidomics, a Gaussian naïve Bayes classifier for targeted lipidomics that annotates peak identities according to eight features related to retention time, intensity, and peak shape. Lipid identification is achieved by modeling distributions of these eight input features across biological conditions and maximizing the joint posterior probabilities of all peak identities at a given transition. When applied to sphingolipid and glycerophosphocholine selected reaction monitoring datasets, we demonstrate over 95% of all peaks are rapidly and correctly identified. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION BATL software is freely accessible online at https://complimet.ca/batl/ and is compatible with Safari, Firefox, Chrome and Edge. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin G Chitpin
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada,Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada,Neural Regeneration Laboratory and India Taylor Lipidomics Research Platform, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Anuradha Surendra
- Digital Technologies Research Center, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Thao T Nguyen
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory and India Taylor Lipidomics Research Platform, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Graeme P Taylor
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory and India Taylor Lipidomics Research Platform, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Hongbin Xu
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory and India Taylor Lipidomics Research Platform, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Irina Alecu
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory and India Taylor Lipidomics Research Platform, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Roberto Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Julianna J Tomlinson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Neuroscience Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Angela M Crawley
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | | | - Michael G Schlossmacher
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Neuroscience Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | | | - Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada,Digital Technologies Research Center, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
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36
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Alandijany TA, Faizo AA. Development of Serological Assays and Seroprevalence Studies of the New Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19): Reports from Saudi Arabia. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121730. [PMID: 34946456 PMCID: PMC8701666 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Serological assays are valuable tools for tracking COVID-19 spread, estimation of herd immunity, and evaluation of vaccine effectiveness. Several reports from Saudi Arabia describe optimized in-house protocols that enable detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies and measurement of their neutralizing activity. Notably, there were variations in the approaches utilized to develop and validate these immunoassays in term of sample size, validation methodologies, and statistical analyses. The developed enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISAs) were based on the viral full-length spike (S), S1 subunit, and nucleocapsid (NP), and enabled detection of IgM and/or IgG. ELISAs were evaluated and validated against a microneutralization assay utilizing a local SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolate, FDA-approved commercially available immunoassays, and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Overall, the performance of the described assays was high, reaching up to 100% sensitivity and 98.9% specificity with no cross-reactivity with other coronaviruses. In-house immunoassays, along with commercially available kits, were subsequently applied in a number of sero-epidemiological studies aiming to estimate sero-positivity status among local populations including healthcare workers, COVID-19 patients, non-COVID-19 patients, and healthy blood donors. The reported seroprevalence rates differed widely among these studies, ranging from 0.00% to 32.2%. These variations are probably due to study period, targeted population, sample size, and performance of the immunoassays utilized. Indeed, lack of sero-positive cases were reported among healthy blood donors during the lockdown, while the highest rates were reported when the number of COVID-19 cases peaked in the country, particularly among healthcare workers working in referral hospitals and quarantine sites. In this review, we aim to (1) provide a critical discussion about the developed in-house immunoassays, and (2) summarize key findings of the sero-epidemiological studies and highlight strengths and weaknesses of each study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamir A. Alandijany
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 128442, Jeddah 21362, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80324, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (T.A.A.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Arwa A. Faizo
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 128442, Jeddah 21362, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80324, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (T.A.A.); (A.A.F.)
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