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Woolverton GA, Rastogi R, Brieger KK, Wong SHM, Keum BT, Hahm HC, Liu CH. Barriers and risk factors associated with non-treatment-seeking for suicidality onset during the COVID-19 pandemic among young adults. Psychiatry Res 2024; 340:116095. [PMID: 39111234 PMCID: PMC11371488 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Researchers predict long-term increases in suicide deaths following the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about risk factors for suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal attempts (SA) or treatment barriers and promoters during the pandemic. We examine these factors in a young adult sample. METHODS Analyses used a 2022 cross-sectional survey dataset (N = 1,956). Logistic regression identified factors associated with pandemic suicidality (i.e., SI, SA). Non-treatment seekers reported barriers to seeking treatment. Logistic regression identified promotive factors associated with treatment-seeking. RESULTS 28.6 % of our sample developed suicidality during the pandemic, of whom 49.6 % did not seek treatment. Asian race and sexual minority status were strongly associated with increased odds of pandemic suicidality. Among SI non-treatment-seekers, barriers were primarily attitudinal (e.g., "symptoms are not serious enough for treatment"); among non-treatment-seekers with SA, barriers were mostly structural (e.g., insufficient funds). Previous depression treatment was strongly associated with increased odds of treatment-seeking. CONCLUSION Asian American individuals were at increased risk for pandemic suicidality, which may reflect interpersonal risks related to COVID-19-related anti-Asian racism. Our findings point to a "foot-in-the-door" effect: past treatment-seeking was positively associated with future treatment-seeking. To promote this effect and decrease barriers, we suggest integrated mental health screening and referrals in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ritika Rastogi
- Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katharine K Brieger
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvia H M Wong
- Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian TaeHyuk Keum
- Carolyn A. and Peter S. Lynch School of Education and Human Development, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | | | - Cindy H Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Bersia M, Charrier L, Zanaga G, Gaspar T, Moreno-Maldonado C, Grimaldi P, Koumantakis E, Dalmasso P, Comoretto RI. Well-being among university students in the post-COVID-19 era: a cross-country survey. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18296. [PMID: 39112645 PMCID: PMC11306340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
University students have to handle crucial challenges for their future lives, such as succeeding in academic studies and finding attachment figures. These processes could potentially involve their well-being and mental health, with possible sociocultural differences based on the country of study. In order to explore such potential differences, a cross-sectional, multi-center survey was performed involving students from the University of Torino (Italy), Sevilla (Spain), and Lusòfona (Portugal). The survey, conducted from May to November 2023, investigated students' demographic and educational details, socioeconomic status, social support, mental health, academic environment, perceived COVID-19 pandemic impact, and future plans. Demographic profiles showed a predominance of female participants and straight sexual orientation, followed by bisexuality. Italian students showed the lowest levels of mental well-being and the highest rates of mental problems (anxiety and depression) and suicidal risk across the three countries despite the relatively similar profiles of social support. The prevalence of the students' confidence in their professional future is higher in Spain than in Italy and Portugal. This study provides a comprehensive examination of university students' mental health and well-being in three Southern European countries, addressing the major mental health challenges among university students and offering valuable insights for public health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bersia
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - L Charrier
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - G Zanaga
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Post Graduate School of Medical Statistics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - T Gaspar
- HEI-LAB, Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Moreno-Maldonado
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Sevilla, C/Camilo José Cela, s/n., 41018, Seville, Spain
| | - P Grimaldi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Post Graduate School of Medical Statistics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - E Koumantakis
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Post Graduate School of Medical Statistics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - P Dalmasso
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - R I Comoretto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Kim S, Park J, Lee H, Lee H, Woo S, Kwon R, Kim S, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Rahmati M, Fond G, Boyer L, Kang J, Lee JH, Oh J, Yon DK. Global public concern of childhood and adolescence suicide: a new perspective and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era. World J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s12519-024-00828-9. [PMID: 39008157 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-024-00828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is the second leading cause of death in young people worldwide and is responsible for about 52,000 deaths annually in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years. Familial, social, psychological, and behavioral factors play important roles in suicide risk. As traumatic events such as the COVID-19 pandemic may contribute to suicidal behaviors in young people, there is a need to understand the current status of suicide in adolescents, including its epidemiology, associated factors, the influence of the pandemic, and management initiatives. DATA SOURCES We investigated global and regional suicide mortality rates among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. The suicide mortality rates from 1990 to 2019 were examined in 204 countries and territories across six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Additionally, we utilized electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus, and employed various combinations of terms such as "suicide", "adolescents", "youth", "children", "risk factors", "COVID-19 pandemic", "prevention", and "intervention" to provide a narrative review on suicide within the pediatric population in the post-pandemic era. RESULTS Despite the decreasing trend in the global suicide mortality rate from 1990 to 2019, it remains high. The mortality rates from suicide by firearms or any other specified means were both greater in males. Additionally, Southeast Asia had the highest suicide rate among the six WHO regions. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to contribute to suicide risk in young people; thus, there is still a strong need to revisit appropriate management for suicidal children and adolescents during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The current narrative review integrates up-to-date knowledge on suicide epidemiology and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, risk factors, and intervention strategies. Although numerous studies have characterized trends in suicide among young people during the pre-pandemic era, further studies are required to investigate suicide during the pandemic and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era. It is necessary to identify effective prevention strategies targeting young people, particularly those at high risk, and successful treatment for individuals already manifesting suicidal behaviors. Care for suicidal children and adolescents should be improved with parental, school, community, and clinical involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soeun Kim
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Precision Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaeyu Park
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeri Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hayeon Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Selin Woo
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rosie Kwon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
- CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jiseung Kang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun Hyuk Lee
- Health and Human Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiyeon Oh
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Precision Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
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Romeo DJ, Le T, Massenburg BB, Wu M, Ng JJ, Salinero LK, Akarapimand P, Liao EC, Rudofker A, Taylor JA, Magee L. Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) Reveals High Rates of Suicidality in 602 Patients With Cleft and Craniofacial Conditions. J Craniofac Surg 2024; 35:1444-1448. [PMID: 38842329 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about rates of suicidal ideation and behavior among youth with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) and other craniofacial conditions. METHODS Records of patients ages 6 and older who were administered the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) Lifetime Version during routine multidisciplinary cleft or craniofacial team visits between 2019 and 2023 were examined. Demographics information, C-SSRS data, and diagnoses were assessed with statistics including t tests, the Fisher exact test, and odds ratios. RESULTS A total of 1140 C-SSRS questionnaires across 602 (433 CLP and 169 craniofacial) patients with an average age of 11.2±3.7 years were included. Eighty-four (13.6%) patients endorsed lifetime suicidal ideation, 9 (1.5%) had at least one instance of suicidal behavior, 30 (5.0%) endorsed nonsuicidal self-injury, and 2 (0.3%) engaged in self-injurious behavior. Compared with CLP, those with other craniofacial conditions had similar odds of endorsing suicidal ideation and behavior ( P ≥0.05). Compared with those with isolated cleft palates, CLP had greater odds of endorsing suicidal ideation and behavior, though those differences were not significant ( P ≥0.05). Incidence of suicidality was unchanged before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic ( P ≥0.05). Dividing patients by sex or insurance type revealed no difference in suicidality ( P ≥0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with CLP and craniofacial conditions have a high incidence of suicidal ideation and behavior, though levels are similar between these groups. Suicidality in these patients was not negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Early identification of safety risks and psychosocial challenges through regular screening can facilitate connection with appropriate clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic J Romeo
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
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Xiao QQ, Huang XH, Yang J, Mu YF, Wang C, Deng ZY, Cai J, Deng AP, Tang WJ, Chen XC, Shi W, Jiang Y, Xu JJ, Yin L, Huang Y, Zhang W, Ran MS. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among students aged 12 to 24 after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China: prevalence and associated factors. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1383992. [PMID: 38962062 PMCID: PMC11221262 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1383992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescent and young adults in China from December 14, 2022 to February 28, 2023, when COVID-19 restrictions were lifted. Methods Students in middle and high schools and colleges and universities in the province of Sichuan, China were asked to complete on-line cross-sectional surveys. Information was collected about sociodemographics, experiences related to the COVID-19 pandemic, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Participants also filled out the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and the Social Support Rate Scale surveys. Factors associated with suicidal ideation or suicide attempts were explored using logistic regression. Results Of the 82,873 respondents (aged 12 to 24 years), 21,292 (25.7%) reported having thought of suicide at least once in their lifetime, 10,382 (12.5%) reported having thought about suicide within the previous 12 months, and 1,123 (1.4%) reported having attempted it within the previous 12 months. Risk of lifetime suicidal ideation was higher among middle school students than among older students. Risk of suicidal ideation and risk of suicide attempts correlated directly with severity of symptoms of depression and anxiety, and inversely with level of social support. Greater risk of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts was associated with: being female, living in an urban environment, attending a boarding school, currently being in love, having parents who divorced or remarried, having parents who exhibit non-authoritative parenting behavior, having higher family income, having been COVID-19 infected, having been quarantined for a long time, and being dissatisfied with one's education. Conclusions Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts remain prevalent among young people in China. The potential associated factors identified in our study may be useful for targeting appropriate psychosocial interventions and developing mental health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Xiao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Hua Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun-Fei Mu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhong-Yue Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ai-Ping Deng
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wan-Jie Tang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia-Can Chen
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia-Jun Xu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Yin
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Ran
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Huo M, Yang Z, Yang L, Chen S. Can sports participation be a protective factor against suicide-related outcomes in adolescents: a systematic review. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1341795. [PMID: 38899127 PMCID: PMC11186485 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1341795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Suicide-related outcomes among adolescents have become a serious public health problem worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that sports participation may interact with suicide-related outcomes. The objective of this systematic review is to systematically review and summarize the association between sports participation and suicide-related outcomes among adolescents. Design A systematic review according to PRISMA Statement (International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols registration: INPLASY202330072) https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-3-0072/. Methods The literature search was conducted in three electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCOhost. Results A total of 16 studies (12 cross-sectional studies, 4 prospective studies) met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. Strong consistent evidence was found for the negative association between suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and sports participation among adolescents. There was insufficient evidence to support consistency in the association between sports participation and suicide plans, and no evidence regarding gender differences between sports participation and these suicide-related outcomes. Furthermore, there was heterogeneity in the measures of sports participation and suicide-related outcomes across the included studies. Conclusion Evidence suggests that more sports participations are associated with lower suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in adolescents. However, the directionality of the observed associations should be examined based on more high-quality longitudinal studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Huo
- Department of Physical Education, Huaide College of Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Li Yang
- School of Physical Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sitong Chen
- Centre for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Drobnič Radobuljac M, Fegert JM. Sustainable action is needed more than ever: the European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry welcomes the efforts of the European Commission and the decisions of the European Parliament on mental health care for children, adolescents and young people and calls on the Member States to act quickly. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2005-2009. [PMID: 38662059 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Drobnič Radobuljac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Centre for Mental Health, University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jörg M Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Brussels, Belgium
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Okada M, Matsumoto R, Motomura E. Suicide mortality rates in Japan before and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic era. PCN REPORTS : PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 2024; 3:e188. [PMID: 38868081 PMCID: PMC11114309 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Statistical analyses from Japan reported increasing suicides in 2020, first in the world, proving the severity of the public health crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, so far, international suicides have not been shown to be objectively increasing at population level. Followed studies reported the existence of a substantial heterogeneity of suicides among subgroups and time-lag impacts. Against public health crisis in Japan, policymakers, psychiatrists and public health personnel should prioritize improving suicide prevention programs following evidence-based policymaking. Understanding how/what factors relate to the COVID-19 pandemic and what other factors have shaped the increasing suicide numbers since 2020 through objectively well-controlled/fine-grained analyses of high-quality longitudinal/cross-sectional data at the individual, regional, and national levels is important for identifying the reasons for the recent trend. For this purpose, this study examined suicide statistics, statistical analysis methods, and their interpretations. Recent analyses suggest an increased suicide risk among females <50 years and males <30 years in 2020-2022. Notably, time-series analyses revealed that adolescent suicides began increasing before the pandemic, while working-age female suicides sharply increased synchronously with the pandemic outbreak. Causality analyses suggest that social issues facing Japan and recent global psychosocial and socioeconomic transformations are risk factors for suicide in high-risk groups. Finally, this report demonstrates the importance of providing appropriate support based on an objective understanding of individuals who are at risk for suicide, without being bound by traditional established knowledges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of MedicineMie UniversityTsuJapan
| | - Ryusuke Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of MedicineMie UniversityTsuJapan
| | - Eishi Motomura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of MedicineMie UniversityTsuJapan
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Zhu J, Jin R, Kenne DR, Phan N, Ku WS. User Dynamics and Thematic Exploration in r/Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From Overlapping r/SuicideWatch Users. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e53968. [PMID: 38767953 PMCID: PMC11129781 DOI: 10.2196/53968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2023, the United States experienced its highest- recorded number of suicides, exceeding 50,000 deaths. In the realm of psychiatric disorders, major depressive disorder stands out as the most common issue, affecting 15% to 17% of the population and carrying a notable suicide risk of approximately 15%. However, not everyone with depression has suicidal thoughts. While "suicidal depression" is not a clinical diagnosis, it may be observed in daily life, emphasizing the need for awareness. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the dynamics, emotional tones, and topics discussed in posts within the r/Depression subreddit, with a specific focus on users who had also engaged in the r/SuicideWatch community. The objective was to use natural language processing techniques and models to better understand the complexities of depression among users with potential suicide ideation, with the goal of improving intervention and prevention strategies for suicide. METHODS Archived posts were extracted from the r/Depression and r/SuicideWatch Reddit communities in English spanning from 2019 to 2022, resulting in a final data set of over 150,000 posts contributed by approximately 25,000 unique overlapping users. A broad and comprehensive mix of methods was conducted on these posts, including trend and survival analysis, to explore the dynamic of users in the 2 subreddits. The BERT family of models extracted features from data for sentiment and thematic analysis. RESULTS On August 16, 2020, the post count in r/SuicideWatch surpassed that of r/Depression. The transition from r/Depression to r/SuicideWatch in 2020 was the shortest, lasting only 26 days. Sadness emerged as the most prevalent emotion among overlapping users in the r/Depression community. In addition, physical activity changes, negative self-view, and suicidal thoughts were identified as the most common depression symptoms, all showing strong positive correlations with the emotion tone of disappointment. Furthermore, the topic "struggles with depression and motivation in school and work" (12%) emerged as the most discussed topic aside from suicidal thoughts, categorizing users based on their inclination toward suicide ideation. CONCLUSIONS Our study underscores the effectiveness of using natural language processing techniques to explore language markers and patterns associated with mental health challenges in online communities like r/Depression and r/SuicideWatch. These insights offer novel perspectives distinct from previous research. In the future, there will be potential for further refinement and optimization of machine classifications using these techniques, which could lead to more effective intervention and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zhu
- Department of Computer Science, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Ruoming Jin
- Department of Computer Science, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Deric R Kenne
- Center for Public Policy and Health, College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - NhatHai Phan
- Department of Data Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Wei-Shinn Ku
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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Matsumoto R, Motomura E, Okada M. Temporal Fluctuations of Suicide Mortality in Japan from 2009 to 2023 Using Government Databases. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:1086-1100. [PMID: 38667826 PMCID: PMC11048886 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In Japan, suicide mortalities consistently decreased before the COVID-19 pandemic (from 2009 to 2019) but, conversely, increased after the pandemic outbreak from 2020 to 2022. To provide up-to-date suicide statistics in Japan, this study determined the temporal fluctuations of standardized suicide mortalities (SMRs), disaggregated by sex and age, by joinpoint regression analysis using the government suicide database, named the "Basic Data on Suicide in Region". From January 2009 to December 2023, three temporal fluctuation patterns of SMRs pertaining to working age and older adults were detected, such as attenuations of decreasing trends before the COVID-19 pandemic (from around the mid-2010s), a sharply increasing trend that coincided with the pandemic outbreak, and gradually decreased during the pandemic, but no changes at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the SMRs of working-age females sharply increased concurrently with the pandemic outbreak, whereas those of males did not change. However, before the pandemic, decreasing trends of the SMRs of working-age males diminished in the mid-2010s, but those of females consistently decreased. The SMRs of working-age males indicated non-significant but sharply increasing trends in early 2022, a trend that was not observed for females. In contrast to working-age adults, the SMRs of adolescents already began to increase in the mid-2010s and also indicated consistently increasing trends between the periods during and after the pandemic. These results suggest, contrary to our expectations, that the impacts of both the outbreak and end of the COVID-19 pandemic were limited regarding the increase in SMRs from 2020. Therefore, when revising suicide prevention programs in the post-COVID-19 era, it should be noted that focusing on pandemic-associated factors alone is not sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (R.M.); (E.M.)
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11
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Guidotti S, Fiduccia A, Pruneti C. Introversion, Alexithymia, and Hostility: A Path Analysis From Personality to Suicidal Ideation Among University Students. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241247526. [PMID: 38623941 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241247526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between state (i.e., hostility) and trait (i.e., social detachment, alexithymia) psychological constructs associated with suicidal ideation among university students. METHODS A group of 190 university students was consecutively recruited in the period between September 2022 and March 2023. After a clinical interview, a series of psychological tests were administered: the Cattell's 16-Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), and the anamnestic form of the Cognitive Behavioral Assessment (CBA2.0), which contains a specific question regarding the suicidal ideation. RESULTS The analyses demonstrated that alexithymia fully mediated the relationship between a particular aspect of introversion (social detachment or low warmth) and hostility which, in turn, seemed to be a significant predictor of suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS The path analysis conducted seemed to highlight the importance of personality traits, such as social detachment and the ability to recognize and express one's internal states, on the mental health of university students in terms of hostility and suicidal ideation. Considering that the reduction of suicide mortality has been prioritized as a global target in the 15-19 age group, identifying the psychological factors associated with it is fundamental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Guidotti
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology, and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alice Fiduccia
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology, and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Pruneti
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology, and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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12
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Chang CC, Hsieh KY, Hsu ST, Wang YY, Chou FHC, Huang JJ. Understanding the mental health impacts of biological disasters: Lessons from Taiwan's experience with COVID-19. J Formos Med Assoc 2024:S0929-6646(24)00176-1. [PMID: 38519322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological disasters pose a growing challenge in the 21st century, significantly impacting global society. Taiwan has experienced such disasters, resulting in long-term consequences like loss of life, trauma, economic decline, and societal disruptions. Post-disaster, mental health issues such as fear, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and stress surge, accompanied by increased suicide rates. The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (also called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) pandemic, recognized as a biological disaster, triggered lockdowns and quarantines in Taiwan, causing lifestyle changes, economic recession, and so on. These shifts may elevate uncertainty about the future, intensifying mental stress and leading to a rise in various mental illnesses. This article reviews mental health studies conducted in Taiwan during the pandemic, emphasizing the need to integrate this research for future preparedness and interventions regarding the mental health impacts of biological disasters, including COVID-19. Further research is essential to explore long-term effects, interventions, and generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chieh Chang
- Department of Addiction Prevention, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Su-Ting Hsu
- Department of Community Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yuan Wang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Frank Huang-Chih Chou
- Department of Community Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Joh-Jong Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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13
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Junus A, Yip PSF. Evaluating potential effects of distress symptoms' interventions on suicidality: Analyses of in silico scenarios. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:352-363. [PMID: 37992776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complexity science perspectives like the network approach to psychopathology have emerged as a prominent methodological toolkit to generate novel hypotheses on complex etiologies surrounding various mental health problems and inform intervention targets. Such approach may be pivotal in advancing early intervention of suicidality among the younger generation (10-35 year-olds), the increasing burden of which needs to be reversed within a limited window of opportunity to avoid massive long-term repercussions. However, the network approach currently lends limited insight into the potential extent of proposed intervention targets' effectiveness, particularly for target outcomes in comorbid conditions. METHODS This paper proposes an in silico (i.e., computer-simulated) intervention approach that maps symptoms' complex interactions onto dynamic processes and analyzes their evolution. The proposed methodology is applied to investigate potential effects of changes in 1968 community-dwelling individuals' distress symptoms on their suicidal ideation. Analyses on specific subgroups were conducted. Results were also compared with centrality indices employed in typical network analyses. RESULTS Findings concur with symptom networks' centrality indices in suggesting that timely deactivating hopelessness among distressed individuals may be instrumental in preventing distress to develop into suicidal ideation. Additionally, however, they depict nuances beyond those provided by centrality indices, e.g., among young adults, reducing nervousness and tension may have similar effectiveness as deactivating hopeless in reducing suicidal ideation. LIMITATIONS Caution is warranted when generalizing findings here to the general population. CONCLUSION The proposed methodology may help facilitate timely agenda-setting in population mental health measures, and may also be augmented for future co-creation projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Junus
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul S F Yip
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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14
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Bey R, Cohen A, Trebossen V, Dura B, Geoffroy PA, Jean C, Landman B, Petit-Jean T, Chatellier G, Sallah K, Tannier X, Bourmaud A, Delorme R. Natural language processing of multi-hospital electronic health records for public health surveillance of suicidality. NPJ MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 3:6. [PMID: 38609541 PMCID: PMC10955903 DOI: 10.1038/s44184-023-00046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to monitor the mental health of large populations, especially during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, to timely identify the most at-risk subgroups and to design targeted prevention campaigns. We therefore developed and validated surveillance indicators related to suicidality: the monthly number of hospitalisations caused by suicide attempts and the prevalence among them of five known risks factors. They were automatically computed analysing the electronic health records of fifteen university hospitals of the Paris area, France, using natural language processing algorithms based on artificial intelligence. We evaluated the relevance of these indicators conducting a retrospective cohort study. Considering 2,911,920 records contained in a common data warehouse, we tested for changes after the pandemic outbreak in the slope of the monthly number of suicide attempts by conducting an interrupted time-series analysis. We segmented the assessment time in two sub-periods: before (August 1, 2017, to February 29, 2020) and during (March 1, 2020, to June 31, 2022) the COVID-19 pandemic. We detected 14,023 hospitalisations caused by suicide attempts. Their monthly number accelerated after the COVID-19 outbreak with an estimated trend variation reaching 3.7 (95%CI 2.1-5.3), mainly driven by an increase among girls aged 8-17 (trend variation 1.8, 95%CI 1.2-2.5). After the pandemic outbreak, acts of domestic, physical and sexual violence were more often reported (prevalence ratios: 1.3, 95%CI 1.16-1.48; 1.3, 95%CI 1.10-1.64 and 1.7, 95%CI 1.48-1.98), fewer patients died (p = 0.007) and stays were shorter (p < 0.001). Our study demonstrates that textual clinical data collected in multiple hospitals can be jointly analysed to compute timely indicators describing mental health conditions of populations. Our findings also highlight the need to better take into account the violence imposed on women, especially at early ages and in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Bey
- Innovation and Data unit, IT Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ariel Cohen
- Innovation and Data unit, IT Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Vincent Trebossen
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Basile Dura
- Innovation and Data unit, IT Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Alexis Geoffroy
- Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, GHU Paris Nord, DMU neurosciences, Bichat - Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75018, Paris, France
- GHU Paris - psychiatry & neurosciences, 1, rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm, FHU I2-D2, université Paris Cité, 75019, Paris, France
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for cellular and integrative neurosciences, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Charline Jean
- Innovation and Data unit, IT Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB U955, Créteil, France
- Service Santé Publique & URC, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Benjamin Landman
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Petit-Jean
- Innovation and Data unit, IT Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Chatellier
- Innovation and Data unit, IT Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kankoe Sallah
- URC PNVS, CIC-EC 1425, INSERM, Bichat - Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Tannier
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratoire d'Informatique Médicale et d'Ingénierie des Connaissances pour la e-Santé (LIMICS), Paris, France
| | - Aurelie Bourmaud
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- CIC 1426, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Richard Delorme
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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15
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Madhanagopal N, Ahmad A, Hu YH, Olango G, Molla M. Mental Health Symptoms and Service Use in Depressed and Anxious Minors at the Onset of COVID-19 in a County Clinic Serving a Predominantly Hispanic Population. Cureus 2024; 16:e55160. [PMID: 38558688 PMCID: PMC10979717 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study's primary aim was to compare the utilization rates of services by minors with depression/anxiety in a county mental health clinic before (from December 1, 2019, to March 15, 2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (from March 16 to June 30, 2020). The secondary aim was to study demographics and psychiatric symptomatology. METHODS Service utilization rates were estimated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of worsening psychiatric symptoms, anxiety, and change in the frequency of therapy between the pre-COVID-19 period and the COVID-19 period. RESULTS Service utilization rates increased during the pandemic period. During the pandemic, the presence of mood symptoms, suicidal ideation, and relationship conflicts predicted worsening psychiatric symptoms. In addition, the presence of preexisting sleep problems and physical health issues that continued during COVID-19 exhibited correlations with worsening psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19. COVID-related stressors and physical health issues were associated with anxiety; suicidal ideation predicted a change in the frequency of therapy. CONCLUSIONS Prospective studies to recognize risk factors for worsening mental health in minors with psychiatric illness during a crisis are warranted to identify and allocate services to the high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandhini Madhanagopal
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health & Recovery Services, UCLA-Kern Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Bakersfield, USA
| | - Ammar Ahmad
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health & Recovery Services, UCLA-Kern Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Bakersfield, USA
| | - Yu-Hsi Hu
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Veterans Administration, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Garth Olango
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health & Recovery Services, UCLA-Kern Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Bakersfield, USA
| | - Mohammed Molla
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health & Recovery Services, UCLA-Kern Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Bakersfield, USA
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16
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Grzejszczak J, Strzelecki D, Gabryelska A, Kotlicka-Antczak M. Evaluation of COVID-19 Effect on Mental Health, Self-Harm, and Suicidal Behaviors in Children and Adolescents Population. J Clin Med 2024; 13:744. [PMID: 38337437 PMCID: PMC10856233 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological state of the under-18 population includes an increased risk of psychopathological symptoms development and exacerbation of already present psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of mental health problems in Polish children and adolescents with a focus on suicidal and self-harm behavior with the impact of the pandemic. METHODS The questionnaire collected demographic data, information regarding mental states and psychopathological symptoms, history of self-harm and suicidal behaviors, as well as the experience of psychological, and physical violence, and suicidal self-harm behaviors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS In the final analysis, 782 responses were included. Self-evaluation of general and mental health scores was significantly lower during the pandemic among children (both p < 0.001) and adolescents (both p < 0.001). Moreover, general and mental health scores were lower among adolescents compared to children before (both p < 0.001) and during (both p < 0.001) the pandemic. The frequency of seeking help because of mental health problems increased during the pandemic among children and adolescents, while no changes were observed in the prevalence of psychiatric hospitalizations in either of the populations (p = 0.317 and p = 1.00, respectively). Out of autoregressive behaviors among children during the pandemic period, only the frequency of thinking about death increased (p = 0.038). No suicidal attempts were undertaken by children in either of the evaluated time periods. The presence of all autoaggressive behaviors was greater among adolescents compared to children both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A subjective decrease in psychophysical well-being, an increase in the frequency of seeking mental health help during the pandemic, as well as an increased prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms were observed in the under-18 population as a potential consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and related socioeconomic changes. The marked increase in self-harm behavior in the adolescent population (age > 12) and the marked increase in the frequency of death thinking in children (age ≤ 12) suggests the need for greater awareness and easier access to professional help from mental health specialists, particularly in a time of unprecedented stress and social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagoda Grzejszczak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
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17
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Kislov MA, Prikhodko AN, Kildyushov EM, Artemieva EN, Marevichev MM, Stepanov SA, Shpikuleva AS. [Comparative analysis of factors influencing suicidal actions performance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Sud Med Ekspert 2024; 67:5-9. [PMID: 38353007 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed2024670115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the influence of COVID-19, as well as various factors on the rate of deaths caused by suicide. MATERIAL AND METHODS The statistical analysis of mortality according to the data of «Bureau of FME» in the period from 2019 to 2020 yrs. and the search of scientific publications over the past 10 years in PubMed database have been conducted. Articles describing the factors influencing suicidal deaths in different population groups were selected from the publications. RESULTS Statistically significant features that determine the influence of quarantine measures in the period COVID-19 on the mental component of citizens and suicidal dynamics were considered and established.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kislov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Prikhodko
- Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise, Moscow, Russia
| | - E M Kildyushov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E N Artemieva
- Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S A Stepanov
- Federal State University of Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Shpikuleva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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18
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Raddi S, Tarozzi I, Cecchetti M, Chericoni S, Franceschetti L, Bugelli V. An unusual case of a triple suicide pact at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. J Forensic Sci 2023; 68:2194-2199. [PMID: 37565422 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
In December 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared SARS-CoV2 a global pandemic. Home confinement, low social contacts, and fear of virus transmission played a major role as risk factors for suicides during the following period. Suicide pacts, in particular, showed a different pattern. A rare case of a triple suicide pact among members of the same family nucleus is presented. The victims were an elderly, severely ill woman and her adult children (a son and daughter), linked by a morbid relationship. The last time the family was seen alive was 40 days before the discovery. All corpses presented decompositional changes. After a full autopsy, the cause of death was determined to be a lethal intake of morphine for the mother and acute blood loss due to self-stabbing at the neck for the siblings. The younger woman was under the effects of a large amount of heparin. Toxicological analysis was positive for opioids and alcohol in both siblings. Suicide pacts have rarely been described during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the few cases reported, the victims were more often relatives than people in a romantic relationship. The involvement of three people is unusual, as is the use of different suicide methods among the victims. In the presented case, the elderly mother's imminent death from terminal cancer, her concern over dying in a nondomestic environment, and the siblings' fear of being alone likely led to the conception of the suicide pact. Social isolation and economic difficulties also played a contributing role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Raddi
- Health Science Department, Forensic Pathology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Tarozzi
- Department of Legal Medicine and Risk Management, Modena Local Health Unit, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Chericoni
- Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular, Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Franceschetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bugelli
- Department of Legal Medicine, South-East Tuscany Health Unit, Grosseto, Italy
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Mitchell RHB, Toulany A, Chung H, Cohen E, Fu L, Strauss R, Vigod SN, Stukel TA, Moran K, Guttmann A, Kurdyak P, Artani A, Kopec M, Saunders NR. Self-harm among youth during the first 28 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study. CMAJ 2023; 195:E1210-E1220. [PMID: 37722745 PMCID: PMC10506509 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.230127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth have reported worsening mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to evaluate rates of pediatric acute care visits for self-harm during the pandemic according to age, sex and mental health service use. METHODS We conducted a population-based, repeated cross-sectional study using linked health administrative data sets to measure monthly rates of emergency department visits and hospital admissions for self-harm among youth aged 10-17 years between Jan. 1, 2017, and June 30, 2022, in Ontario, Canada. We modelled expected rates of acute care visits for self-harm after the pandemic onset based on prepandemic rates. We reported relative differences between observed and expected monthly rates overall and by age group (10-13 yr and 14-17 yr), sex and mental health service use (new and continuing). RESULTS In this population of about 1.3 million children and adolescents, rates of acute care visits for self-harm during the pandemic were higher than expected for emergency department visits (0.27/1000 population v. 0.21/1000 population; adjusted rate ratio [RR] 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-1.39) and hospital admissions (0.74/10 000 population v. 0.43/10 000 population, adjusted RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.46-2.03). This increase was primarily observed among females. Rates of emergency department visits and hospital admissions for self-harm were higher than expected for both those aged 10-13 years and those aged 14-17 years, as well as for both those new to the mental health system and those already engaged in care. INTERPRETATION Rates of acute care visits for self-harm among children and adolescents were higher than expected during the first 2 and a half years of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among females. These findings support the need for accessible and intensive prevention efforts and mental health supports in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H B Mitchell
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Alene Toulany
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Hannah Chung
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Eyal Cohen
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Longdi Fu
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Rachel Strauss
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Simone N Vigod
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Therese A Stukel
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Kimberly Moran
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Astrid Guttmann
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Paul Kurdyak
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Azmina Artani
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Monica Kopec
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont
| | - Natasha R Saunders
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Mitchell); Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute (Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry (Mitchell, Vigod, Kurdyak), University of Toronto; The Hospital for Sick Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders); Department of Pediatrics (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; ICES Central (Toulany, Chung, Cohen, Fu, Strauss, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Artani, Saunders); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Toulany, Cohen, Vigod, Stukel, Guttmann, Kurdyak, Saunders), University of Toronto; Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Kopec, Saunders), SickKids Research Institute; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children (Toulany, Cohen, Guttmann, Saunders), University of Toronto; Women's College Hospital (Vigod); Women's College Research Institute (Vigod); Women's College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care (Vigod); Ontario College of Family Physicians (Moran); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Kurdyak), Toronto, Ont.
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20
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Dobrin-De Grace R, Carvalho D, Courtney DB, Aitken M. Suicidal behaviour and ideation among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 52:101650. [PMID: 37423041 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of elevated risk for suicide, and mental health professionals expressed concerns that suicidal behaviours and suicide rates may increase among this age group during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adolescent suicide rates, attempts, and ideation during the pandemic varied depending on the country, data collection methodology, and population (e.g., general population vs. emergency department). Many pre-pandemic risk factors for suicidal behaviour or ideation were identified as risk factors during the pandemic; however, there was also some evidence that certain groups were disproportionately at risk, such as girls, and adolescents identifying as Black, Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native, or Asian/Pacific Islander. Given the trend of increased adolescent suicide in many countries over the past two decades, there is an ongoing need to direct resources toward prevention programs, screening, and evidence-based interventions for suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roksana Dobrin-De Grace
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada; Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada.
| | - Daniela Carvalho
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Darren B Courtney
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Madison Aitken
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
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21
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Bailey E, Robinson J, Witt K. Interventions for youth suicide and suicide-related behaviour: An update to a systematic review. Australas Psychiatry 2023; 31:505-523. [PMID: 37424213 DOI: 10.1177/10398562231187972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To update our 2018 review with the latest evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent youth suicide and suicide-related behaviour. METHOD In keeping with our 2018 review, Embase, PsycInfo, and Medline were searched using relevant key words. Included trials were RCTs evaluating the impact of an intervention or approach designed to prevent or reduce youth suicide and suicide-related behaviour. Key data were extracted, and results synthesised narratively. RESULTS Thirty RCTs were included across clinical (n = 13), educational (n = 8), and community settings (n = 9). No trials were conducted in workplace or primary care settings, or with indigenous populations, and few trials involved partnerships with young people. There were some concerns or a high risk of bias for most trials. CONCLUSION While a relatively large number of RCTs have been published in recent years, knowledge gaps remain. Further high-quality RCTs are needed, including those focussing on vulnerable population groups. Meaningful consumer involvement and a stronger emphasis on implementation are also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Katrina Witt
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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22
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Okada M, Matsumoto R, Shiroyama T, Motomura E. Suicidal Mortality and Motives Among Middle-School, High-School, and University Students. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2328144. [PMID: 37548975 PMCID: PMC10407687 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.28144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The suicide mortality rate per 100 000 population (SMRP) consistently decreased before the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Japan and then unexpectedly increased during the pandemic. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To identify trends in and factors associated with suicidal mortality and motives among students in Japan from 2007 to 2022. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cross-sectional study, data on SMRPs among Japanese middle-school, high-school, and university students were obtained from the government suicide database Suicide Statistics of the National Police Agency. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age-dependent and temporal fluctuations in annual SMRPs, disaggregated by suicidal motive (7 categories and 52 subcategories), sex, and school, were analyzed using linear mixed-effect and joinpoint regression models, respectively. RESULTS Total suicide numbers from 2007 to 2022 were as follows: 760 male middle-school students, 635 female middle-school students, 2376 male high-school students, 1566 female high-school students, 5179 male university students, and 1880 female university students. The mean (SD) student populations from 2007 to 2022 were as follows: 1 752 737 (81 334) male middle-school students, 1 675 572 (78 824) female middle-school students, 1 648 274 (67 520) male high-school students, 1 614 828 (60 032) female high-school students, 1 652 689 (32 724) male university students, and 1 229 142 (57 484) female university students. Among male students, the leading motives were school-related factors (underachievement and worrying about the future), followed by family-related and health-related motives. Among female students, school-related and family-related motives decreased, but health-related motives showed an age-dependent increase. The SMRPs of middle-school male students and female students were almost equal (mean [SD], 2.7 [1.0] vs 2.4 [1.4]), but the age-dependent increase in SMRPs among male students was pronounced (mean [SD], high-school vs university male students, 9.1 [2.4] vs 19.6 [3.0]; high-school vs university female students, 6.1 [2.4] vs 9.6 [1.8]). However, the incidence of suicide among high-school students associated with health-related motives was greater in female students. The majority of suicides associated with major impactable suicidal motives (school-related, health-related, and family-related motives) began increasing before the pandemic. Changes in SMRP associated with interpersonal relationships, such as conflict with classmates or parents, were not significant, but the rates increased greatly during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE School-related, health-related, and family-related problems were major motives, whereas the impacts of health-related and family-related motives increased and decreased with age, respectively. Notably, most SMRPs associated with major impactable motives (underachievement, conflict with a parent or classmate, and mental illnesses) had already begun increasing in the late 2010s, indicating that recent increasing SMRPs among school-aged individuals were associated with pandemic-related factors and other factors affecting this generation before the pandemic. It may be inappropriate to uniformly apply research findings based on school-aged individuals to school-based suicide prevention programs for students in middle school, high school, and university.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Okada
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Matsumoto
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiroyama
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Eishi Motomura
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
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23
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Rus Prelog P, Matić T, Pregelj P, Sadikov A. A pilot predictive model based on COVID-19 data to assess suicidal ideation indirectly. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 163:318-324. [PMID: 37247460 PMCID: PMC10204589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of the population. Many studies reported high levels of psychological distress and rising rates of suicidal ideation (SI). Data on a range of psychometric scales from 1790 respondents were collected in Slovenia through an online survey between July 2020 and January 2021. As a worrying percentage (9.7%) of respondents reported having SI within the last month, the goal of this study was to estimate the presence of SI, as indicated by the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS). The estimation was based on the change of habits, demographic features, strategies for coping with stress, and satisfaction with three most important aspects of life (relationships, finances, and housing). This could both help recognize the telltale factors indicative of SI and potentially identify people at risk. The factors were specifically selected to be discreet about suicide, likely sacrificing some accuracy in return. We tried four machine learning algorithms: binary logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost, and support vector machines. Logistic regression, random forest, and XGBoost models achieved comparable performance with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83 on previously unseen data. We found an association between various subscales of Brief-COPE and SI; Self-Blame was especially indicative of the presence of SI, followed by increase in Substance Use, low Positive Reframing, Behavioral Disengagement, dissatisfaction with relationships and lower age. The results showed that the presence of SI can be estimated with reasonable specificity and sensitivity based on the proposed indicators. This suggests that the indicators we examined have a potential to be developed into a quick screening tool that would assess suicidality indirectly, without unnecessary exposure to direct questions on suicidality. As with any screening tool, subjects identified as being at risk, should be further clinically examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polona Rus Prelog
- University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Centre for Clinical Psychiatry, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Teodora Matić
- Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Peter Pregelj
- University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Centre for Clinical Psychiatry, Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksander Sadikov
- Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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24
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Trafford AM, Carr MJ, Ashcroft DM, Chew-Graham CA, Cockcroft E, Cybulski L, Garavini E, Garg S, Kabir T, Kapur N, Temple RK, Webb RT, Mok PLH. Temporal trends in eating disorder and self-harm incidence rates among adolescents and young adults in the UK in the 2 years since onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based study. THE LANCET. CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2023:S2352-4642(23)00126-8. [PMID: 37352883 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(23)00126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm and eating disorders share multiple risk factors, with onset typically during adolescence or early adulthood. We aimed to examine the incidence rates of these psychopathologies among young people in the UK in the 2 years following onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We conducted a population-based study using the primary care electronic health records of patients aged 10-24 years in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). The observation period was from Jan 1, 2010, to March 31, 2022. We calculated the monthly incidence rates of eating disorders and self-harm according to the first record of each outcome. On the basis of antecedent trends between January, 2010, and February, 2020, negative binomial regression models were fitted to predict monthly incidence rates after the pandemic began in March, 2020. Percentage differences between observed and expected incidence were calculated to indicate changes since the onset of the pandemic, with stratification by sex, age, and deprivation quintile. FINDINGS The primary care health records of 9 184 712 patients aged 10-24 years (4 836 226 [52·7%] female patients and 4 348 486 [47·3%] male patients; n=1881 general practices) were included for analysis. The incidence rates of eating disorders and self-harm among girls were higher than expected between March 1, 2020, and March 31, 2022. The observed incidence of eating disorders was 42·4% (95% CI 25·7-61·3) higher than expected for girls aged 13-16 years, and 32·0% (13·3-53·8) higher than expected for girls aged 17-19 years, whereas other age groups showed little difference between observed and expected incidence. Similarly, the increase in self-harm incidence was driven by girls aged 13-16 years, for whom the observed incidence was 38·4% (20·7-58·5) higher than expected. By contrast, among boys in all age groups, the incidence rates of eating disorders and self-harm were lower than, or close to, the expected rates. Among boys, the observed incidence of eating disorders was 22·8% (9·2-34·4) lower than expected, and the observed incidence of self-harm was 11·5% (3·6-18·7) lower than expected. The estimated increases in eating disorder and self-harm incidence among girls aged 13-16 years were largely attributable to increases within less deprived communities. INTERPRETATION Although causes are uncertain, increased incidence of eating disorder diagnoses and self-harm among teenage girls in the UK during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic highlight an urgent need for intervention. Early identification of mental health difficulties by primary care clinicians is necessary. Timely access to treatments and sufficient support from general practitioners and mental health services needs to be available to manage presenting problems and to prevent exacerbations of conditions. FUNDING National Institute for Health and Care Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Trafford
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Matthew J Carr
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Darren M Ashcroft
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Carolyn A Chew-Graham
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Emma Cockcroft
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Lukasz Cybulski
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Shruti Garg
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Nav Kapur
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Roger T Webb
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pearl L H Mok
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Adrados-Pérez M, Llorca-Bofí V, Laín MM, Porcar CA, Nicolau-Subires E, Ibarra-Pertusa L, Jiménez-Mayoral A, Buil-Reiné E, Budny F, Resa-Pérez B, Velásquez-Acebey VG, Arenas-Pijoan L, Irigoyen-Otiñano M, López-Castroman J. Trajectories of children and adolescents attending a psychiatric emergency unit during the COVID-19 confinements: 2020-2022 longitudinal study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:66. [PMID: 37291582 PMCID: PMC10248990 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00619-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of psychiatric disorders has not shifted widely through the COVID pandemic, except for some specific groups such as young people or women. Our objective is to examine prospectively the evolution of children and adolescents who consulted in a psychiatric emergency service during the COVID-19 confinements. METHOD We collected prospective clinical information about 296 young people under 18 who visited a tertiary hospital for psychiatric reasons during the confinement periods in Spain. Clinical diagnoses, suicide attempts, hospital admissions, and pharmacological prescriptions were extracted from electronic health records through 2020, 2021, and 2022. Features of those who maintained psychiatric care and those who did not were compared. RESULTS Three out of four children and adolescents who visited the psychiatric emergency department during the confinements continued psychiatric care at the end of 2022. Those who did not showed better premorbid adjustment at baseline. During follow-up, diagnoses of neurodevelopmental disorders and eating disorders, as well as the dosage of psychotropic drug prescriptions, increased. The diagnoses of major depressive disorder and eating disorder at baseline were associated with attempting suicide during follow-up. Patients with internalizing symptoms were admitted earlier than those with externalizing symptoms but no differences were found in terms of suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS The continuity of psychiatric care after an initial emergency visit during the confinements implied greater clinical severity, as reflected by changes in clinical diagnoses and pharmacological regimens. Emergent symptoms of depression or eating disorders after social distancing or isolation could predict subsequent suicidal behavior in young populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Adrados-Pérez
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida, Biological Foundations of Mental Disorders, Lérida, Spain
| | - Vicent Llorca-Bofí
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida, Biological Foundations of Mental Disorders, Lérida, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Mur Laín
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida, Biological Foundations of Mental Disorders, Lérida, Spain
- University of Lleida, Lérida, Spain
| | - Carla Albert Porcar
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida, Biological Foundations of Mental Disorders, Lérida, Spain
| | - Eugènia Nicolau-Subires
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida, Biological Foundations of Mental Disorders, Lérida, Spain
| | - Lucía Ibarra-Pertusa
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida, Biological Foundations of Mental Disorders, Lérida, Spain
| | | | - Esther Buil-Reiné
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
| | - Filip Budny
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
| | - Belén Resa-Pérez
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | - María Irigoyen-Otiñano
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida, Biological Foundations of Mental Disorders, Lérida, Spain.
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jorge López-Castroman
- University of Montpellier, IGF, CNRS-INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Psychiatry, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
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Gouin JP, MacNeil S, de la Torre-Luque A, Chartrand E, Chadi N, Rouquette A, Boivin M, Côté S, Geoffroy MC. Depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in a population-based cohort of young adults before and during the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE 2023; 114:368-377. [PMID: 37093498 PMCID: PMC10124701 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00772-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Findings from a birth cohort study indicated that the mental health of young adults had not worsened during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to 2018. This study examined longitudinal changes in mental health between March 2018 and June 2021 in the context of protracted public health mitigation measures about 12 months after the onset of the pandemic. METHODS Participants from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (n = 2120 at inception; n = 1461 during the COVID-19 pandemic), a population-based cohort of individuals born in 1997/1998, reported on their depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as suicidal ideation prior to the pandemic in 2018 (age 20), and during the pandemic in the summer of 2020 (age 22) and spring of 2021 (age 23). RESULTS Depressive (Cohen's d = 0.15 [95% CI: 0.09 to 0.20]) and anxiety (Cohen's d = 0.33 [95% CI: 0.27 to 0.39]) symptoms increased between 2018 and 2021 for both males and females, but suicidal ideation did not change. There was also a significant increase in moderate to severe depressive (31.7% to 36.3%) and anxiety (14.7% to 24.8%) symptoms from 2018 to 2021. Youth who were students, those who were experiencing financial stress, food insecurity, and loneliness, and those without pre-existing poor mental health experienced the largest increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms over time. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the mental health burden experienced by young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for preventive services and continued longitudinal follow-ups of these youths.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sasha MacNeil
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alejandro de la Torre-Luque
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, CIBERSAM ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elise Chartrand
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicholas Chadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandra Rouquette
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UVSQ, CESP, Paris, France
- Epidemiology and Public Health Department, AP-HP Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Michel Boivin
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvana Côté
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Huang D, Zhong S, Yan H, Lai S, Lam M, Jia Y. Association between serum zinc levels and suicidal ideation in US adults: A population-based cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2023; 329:359-368. [PMID: 36801424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that the homeostatic disruption of zinc, copper, and selenium might contribute to the pathophysiology of mental disorders. However, the specific relationship between the serum levels of these trace elements with suicidal ideation remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigated the association among suicidal ideation on serum levels of zinc, copper, and selenium. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted using data from a nationally representative sample of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016. Suicidal ideation was assessed using Item #9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Items. Multivariate regression models and restricted cubic splines were performed and E-value was calculated. RESULTS A total of 4561 participants aged 20 years and older were analyzed, of whom 4.08 % had suicidal ideation. The serum zinc levels were lower in the suicidal ideation group than in the non-suicidal ideation group (P = 0.021). In Crude Model, the serum zinc levels were associated with a higher suicidal ideation risk in the second quartile compared with the highest quartile [odds ratio (OR) = 2.63; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.53-4.53]. The association persisted (OR = 2.35; 95 % CI: 1.20-4.58) after full adjustment, with E-value 2.44. A nonlinear relationship was observed between serum zinc levels and suicidal ideation (P = 0.028). No relationship was observed between suicidal ideation and serum copper or selenium levels (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Decreased serum zinc levels may increase susceptibility to suicidal ideation. Future studies are needed to validate the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shuming Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shunkai Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Meifong Lam
- Psychiatric service of the Centro Hospitalar Conde de São Januário, Macao 999078, China
| | - Yanbin Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Liu Z, Sun L, Zhang Y, Wang J, Sun F, Zhang Z, Sun G, Sun L, Yang R. The prevalence of underweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents with major depressive disorder and relationship with suicidal ideation and attempted suicide. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1130437. [PMID: 37215666 PMCID: PMC10196048 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1130437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The high rates of obesity and suicide have become serious public health problems worldwide, especially in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). This research aimed to explore the rates of underweight, overweight or obesity, suicidal ideation and attempted suicide in hospitalized children and adolescents with MDD. Then, we analyzed the correlation between underweight or obesity and suicidal ideation and attempted suicide, and finally obtained the independent influencing factors of underweight or obesity. Methods A total of 757 subjects in the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang from January 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled in this study. According to the underweight, overweight and obesity screening table for school-age children and adolescents published and implemented by the health industry standard of China, all subjects were divided into different body mass index (BMI) categories. We measured fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid levels in all subjects and assessed suicidal ideation, attempted suicide, and the severity of depressive symptoms. The socio-demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed by SPSS 22.0. Results The rates of underweight, overweight, obesity, suicidal ideation and attempted suicide were 8.2% (62/757), 15.5% (117/757), 10.4% (79/757), 17.2% (130/757), and 9.9% (75/757), respectively. Correlation analysis indicated that BMIs level was positively correlated with age, age of first hospitalization, total duration of disease, number of hospitalizations, FBG, TG (triglyceride), TC (total cholesterol), LDL (low density lipoprotein), and negatively correlated with HDL (high density lipoprotein). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that male and high level of HDL were risk factors for MDD inpatients with underweight, while high level of TG was a protective factor. Meanwhile, higher levels of FBG, TG and CGI-S were risk factors and suicidal ideation and high dose of antidepressant drugs were protective factors for obesity in children and adolescents with MDD. Conclusion The prevalence of underweight, obesity, suicidal ideation and attempted suicide were high in children and adolescents with MDD, and severe depressive symptoms are independent risk factors for obesity, while suicidal ideation and high dose of antidepressants may be protective factors for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Wang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Zhaokun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Guangying Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Longlong Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Rongchun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
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Uccella S, Cordani R, Salfi F, Gorgoni M, Scarpelli S, Gemignani A, Geoffroy PA, De Gennaro L, Palagini L, Ferrara M, Nobili L. Sleep Deprivation and Insomnia in Adolescence: Implications for Mental Health. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040569. [PMID: 37190534 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep changes significantly throughout the human lifespan. Physiological modifications in sleep regulation, in common with many mammals (especially in the circadian rhythms), predispose adolescents to sleep loss until early adulthood. Adolescents are one-sixth of all human beings and are at high risk for mental diseases (particularly mood disorders) and self-injury. This has been attributed to the incredible number of changes occurring in a limited time window that encompasses rapid biological and psychosocial modifications, which predispose teens to at-risk behaviors. Adolescents’ sleep patterns have been investigated as a biunivocal cause for potential damaging conditions, in which insufficient sleep may be both a cause and a consequence of mental health problems. The recent COVID-19 pandemic in particular has made a detrimental contribution to many adolescents’ mental health and sleep quality. In this review, we aim to summarize the knowledge in the field and to explore implications for adolescents’ (and future adults’) mental and physical health, as well as to outline potential strategies of prevention.
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Has Anything Changed in the Frequency of Emergency Department Visits and the Profile of the Adolescent Seeking Emergency Mental Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic? CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10030578. [PMID: 36980136 PMCID: PMC10047842 DOI: 10.3390/children10030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
We described changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the frequency of Emergency Department (ED) visits for mental health disorders (MHDs) in adolescents on a wider temporal range—that is, not just “the waves” of the pandemic—and characterized the profile of the adolescent seeking emergency psychiatric care. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study by analyzing ED visits for MHDs from 10 March 2019 to 10 March 2021. A total of 1407 ED visits for MHDs were registered: 702 in the pre-COVID-19 and 707 in the COVID-19 period. The cumulative incidence of ED visits for MHDs was 1.22% in the pre-COVID-19 period and 1.77% in the COVID-19 period, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). The principal characteristics of the adolescent with MHDs during the pandemic period: the odds of comorbidities decreased by 26% (p = 0.02), and the odds of transfer from other hospitals decreased by 71% (p < 0.001), while the odds of the ED presentation as first psychiatric episode were twice greater (p < 0.001). The risk of hospitalization increased by 54% (p = 0.001). Regarding psychopathology, the likelihood of attempted suicide increased by 74% during the pandemic (p = 0.02). The rate of mood and eating disorders grew significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic period (p = 0.005 and p = 0.031, respectively). Monitoring ED visits for MHDs and understanding changes in the profile of adolescents presenting to ED helps to reinforce the role of ED in identifying special clinical needs for these vulnerable patients in case of a future public health crisis.
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Lauwerie L, Sibut R, Maillet-Vioud C, Monteiro S, Alauze F, Martinez E, Sauniere D, Legrand-Vyskoc A, Lachal J. A retrospective cohort study comparing the social, familial and clinical characteristics of adolescents admitted to a French Emergency Department in suicidal crisis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry Res 2023; 321:115080. [PMID: 36746034 PMCID: PMC9884401 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The social turmoil resulting from the COVID19 pandemic has come with an increase in the incidence of suicidal crises among adolescents and in particular an increase of suicidal attempts in most Western societies. Monthly prevalence of suicidal attempts in adolescents was doubled or tripled during winter 2021 in France. This study proposes to describe the youths in suicidal crisis admitted to a French hospital during the pandemic according to their sociodemographic, familial, and clinical characteristics as well as to compare them to the adolescents who were presenting the same symptoms the years preceding the pandemic. A retrospective cohort of 332 participants was divided in two groups. The adolescents admitted during the pandemic were more frequently girls, with less familial and personal history of psychiatric care, less depressive disorders, and they were more frequently referred to psychological outpatient care than to psychiatric outpatient care. These results strengthen the hypothesis that the increase in adolescents' suicidal crisis could be an expression of the social suffering more than a result of an increase in adolescents' psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Lauwerie
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Romain Sibut
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Flavie Alauze
- Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elisa Martinez
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Didier Sauniere
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aurore Legrand-Vyskoc
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jonathan Lachal
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, F-94807, Villejuif, France.
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Yan Y, Hou J, Li Q, Yu NX. Suicide before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3346. [PMID: 36834037 PMCID: PMC9960664 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthesizing evidence to examine changes in suicide-related outcomes before and during the pandemic can inform suicide management during the COVID-19 crisis. We searched 13 databases as of December 2022 for studies reporting both the pre- and peri-pandemic prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, or rate of death by suicide. A random-effects model was used to pool the ratio of peri- and pre-pandemic prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt (Prevalence Ratio-PR) and rate of death by suicide (Rate Ratio; RR). We identified 51, 55, and 25 samples for suicidal ideation, attempt, and death by suicide. The prevalence of suicidal ideation increased significantly among non-clinical (PR = 1.142; 95% CI: 1.018-1.282; p = 0.024; k = 28) and clinical (PR = 1.134; 95% CI: 1.048-1.227; p = 0.002; k = 23) samples, and pooled estimates differed by population and study design. Suicide attempts were more prevalent during the pandemic among non-clinical (PR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.053-1.233; p = 0.001; k = 30) and clinical (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.17-1.489; p = 0.000; k = 25) participants. The pooled RR for death by suicide was 0.923 (95% CI: 0.84-1.01; p = 0.092; k = 25), indicating a nonsignificant downward trend. An upward trend of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite suicide rate remaining stable. Our findings suggest that timely prevention and intervention programs are highly needed for non-clinical adult population and clinical patients. Monitoring the real-time and long-run suicide risk as the pandemic evolves is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yan
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianhua Hou
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nancy Xiaonan Yu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Grzejszczak J, Strzelecki D, Gabryelska A, Kotlicka-Antczak M. Affiliation to a Social Group as a Preventive Factor in Suicidal Behaviors in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020333. [PMID: 36832461 PMCID: PMC9955561 DOI: 10.3390/children10020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is one of the most common causes of death in the population of children and adolescents. Available data show the continuous growth of this phenomenon and the ineffectiveness of prevention programs. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected young people's mental health, including an increased risk of suicidal behaviors due to limited direct contact with the school and peer groups in favor of the home environment. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review was to consider the risk factors and protective factors for suicidal behavior in the under-18 population, with a particular focus on the importance of belonging to a social group and building identification with it as a phenomenon protecting against suicidal behavior. Additionally, in this review, we evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic affected these relationships. The PubMed database was used in the search with the following keywords: suicide, suicide behaviors, child and adolescent suicide behaviors, group affiliation, family affiliation, ethnicity, religious affiliation, and the COVID-19 pandemic, with articles published between 2002 and 2022 analyzed. Research conducted to date indicates that both sustained and stable family and peer relationships, as well as a sense of identification and belonging, noticeably reduce the risk of suicidal behavior. Ethnic or cultural affiliation seems to have been particularly important during the isolation in the home environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it has been shown that while in lockdown, contact through social media with individuals' identification groups was associated with a reduced chance of emotional crises. Furthermore, regardless of cultural background, attachment to a particular group correlates with enhanced psychiatric state of children and adolescents. Thus, available data highlight the need for building and maintaining affiliations with suitable groups as a protective factor against suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagoda Grzejszczak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Stewart SE, Best J, Selles R, Naqqash Z, Lin B, Lu C, Au A, Snell G, Westwell-Roper C, Vallani T, Ewing E, Dogra K, Doan Q, Samji H. Age-specific determinants of psychiatric outcomes after the first COVID-19 wave: baseline findings from a Canadian online cohort study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:20. [PMID: 36747252 PMCID: PMC9901839 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00560-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canadians endured unprecedented mental health (MH) and support access challenges during the first COVID-19 wave. Identifying groups of individuals who remain at risk beyond the acute pandemic phase is key to guiding systemic intervention efforts and policy. We hypothesized that determinants of three complementary, clinically actionable psychiatric outcomes would differ across Canadian age groups. METHODS The Personal Impacts of COVID-19 Survey (PICS) was iteratively developed with stakeholder feedback, incorporating validated, age-appropriate measures. Baseline, cross-sectional online data collected between November 2020-July 2021 was used in analyses. Age group-specific determinants were sought for three key baseline MH outcomes: (1) current probable depression, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and/or suicide attempt during COVID-19, (2) increased severity of any lifetime psychiatric diagnosis, and (3) inadequate MH support access during COVID-19. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed for children, youth (self- and parent-report), young adults (19-29 years) and adults over 29 years, using survey type as a covariate. Statistical significance was defined by 95% confidence interval excluding an odds ratio of one. RESULTS Data from 3140 baseline surveys were analyzed. Late adolescence and early adulthood were identified as life phases with the worst MH outcomes. Poverty, limited education, home maker/caregiver roles, female and non-binary gender, LGBTQ2S + status and special educational, psychiatric and medical conditions were differentially identified as determinants across age groups. INTERPRETATION Negative psychiatric impacts of COVID-19 on Canadians that include poor access to MH support clearly persisted beyond the first wave, widening pre-existing inequity gaps. This should guide policy makers and clinicians in current and future prioritization efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Evelyn Stewart
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - John Best
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Robert Selles
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Zainab Naqqash
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Boyee Lin
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Cynthia Lu
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Antony Au
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Gaelen Snell
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC Canada ,grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Clara Westwell-Roper
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Tanisha Vallani
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Elise Ewing
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Kashish Dogra
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Quynh Doan
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Hasina Samji
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada ,grid.418246.d0000 0001 0352 641XBritish Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC Canada
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McMahon EM, Hemming L, Robinson J, Griffin E. Editorial: Suicide and self harm in young people. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1120396. [PMID: 36704733 PMCID: PMC9872102 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1120396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M McMahon
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,National Suicide Research Foundation, Cork, Ireland
| | - Laura Hemming
- Centre for Mental Health Research, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eve Griffin
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,National Suicide Research Foundation, Cork, Ireland
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