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Sánchez-Castro I, Molina L, Prieto-Fernández MÁ, Segura A. Past, present and future trends in the remediation of heavy-metal contaminated soil - Remediation techniques applied in real soil-contamination events. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16692. [PMID: 37484356 PMCID: PMC10360604 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Most worldwide policy frameworks, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, highlight soil as a key non-renewable natural resource which should be rigorously preserved to achieve long-term global sustainability. Although some soil is naturally enriched with heavy metals (HMs), a series of anthropogenic activities are known to contribute to their redistribution, which may entail potentially harmful environmental and/or human health effects if certain concentrations are exceeded. If this occurs, the implementation of rehabilitation strategies is highly recommended. Although there are many publications dealing with the elimination of HMs using different methodologies, most of those works have been done in laboratories and there are not many comprehensive reviews about the results obtained under field conditions. Throughout this review, we examine the different methodologies that have been used in real scenarios and, based on representative case studies, we present the evolution and outcomes of the remediation strategies applied in real soil-contamination events where legacies of past metal mining activities or mine spills have posed a serious threat for soil conservation. So far, the best efficiencies at field-scale have been reported when using combined strategies such as physical containment and assisted-phytoremediation. We have also introduced the emerging problem of the heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils and the different strategies implemented to tackle this problem. Although remediation techniques used in real scenarios have not changed much in the last decades, there are also encouraging facts for the advances in this field. Thus, a growing number of mining companies publicise in their webpages their soil remediation strategies and efforts; moreover, the number of scientific publications about innovative highly-efficient and environmental-friendly methods is also increasing. In any case, better cooperation between scientists and other soil-related stakeholders is still required to improve remediation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Sánchez-Castro
- Estación Experimental Del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Lázaro Molina
- Estación Experimental Del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - María-Ángeles Prieto-Fernández
- Misión Biolóxica de Galicia (CSIC), Sede Santiago de Compostela, Avda de Vigo S/n. Campus Vida, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Segura
- Estación Experimental Del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
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Santos ACSS, Souza LA, Araujo TG, de Rezende CE, Hatje V. Fate and Trophic Transfer of Rare Earth Elements in a Tropical Estuarine Food Web. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2404-2414. [PMID: 36719271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We sampled abiotic and food web components in an impacted estuarine system to assess the transfer and fate of rare earth elements (REE). REE (based on dry weight) were measured in sediments, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and organisms from different trophic levels. The highest ∑REE concentrations were measured in sediments (180 ± 4.24 mg kg-1) and SPM (163 ± 12.6 mg kg-1). Phytoplankton (45.7 ± 5.31 mg kg-1), periphyton (51.6 ± 1.81 mg kg-1), and zooplankton (68.5 ± 1.27 mg kg-1) are the major sources of exposure and transfer of REE to the food web. REE concentrations were several orders of magnitude lower in bivalves, crustaceans, and fish (6.01 ± 0.11, 1.22 ± 0.18, and 0.059 ± 0.003 mg kg-1, respectively) than in plankton. The ∑REE declined as a function of the trophic position, as determined by functional feeding groups and δ15N, indicating that REE were subject to trophic dilution. Our study suggests that the consumption of seafood is unlikely to be an important source of REE for humans. However, given the numerous sources of dietary introduction of REE, they should be monitored for a possible harmful cumulative effect. This study provides new key information on REE's baseline concentrations and trophic transfers and patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C S S Santos
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Ondina, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia40170-115, Brazil
| | - Laís A Souza
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Ondina, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia40170-115, Brazil
| | - Taiana G Araujo
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia45662-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo de Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais; Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000 Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ28013-602, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Ondina, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia40170-115, Brazil
- Dept de Química Analítica, Inst. de Química. Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia40170-115, Brazil
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Sola MCR, de Jesus RM, Nascimento MM, da Rocha GO, de Andrade JB. Occurrence of mercury in polychaete species (Annelida) and their associated sediments from an important Southern Atlantic Ocean Bay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:157965. [PMID: 35952874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the Hg levels in freshly collected polychaete species and their associated sediments were evaluated from Todos os Santos Bay, Northeastern Brazil. Additionally, it was also measured the Hg distribution along the annelids' body parts (anterior region, abdomen, and posterior region). Total Hg concentration was as follows: 13.6-144 μg kg-1 (Scolelepis chilensis, deposit feeder), 8.2-122 μg kg-1 (Laeonereis acuta, deposit feeder), 95-612 μg kg-1 (Armandia agilis, deposit feeder); 96.6-206 μg kg-1 (Lumbrineris sp., carnivorous), 75.3-112 μg kg-1 (Goniada echinulate, carnivorous), and 115-198 μg kg-1 (Branchiomma sp., suspension feeder). In turn, Hg levels in sediments ranged from 2.77 ± 0.24 to 6.38 ± 0.15 μg kg-1. Hg concentrations found in polychaete soft tissues were higher than those found in the sediments. Specific habits, feeding behavior, trophic level, and stressful environmental conditions are the main factors affecting the Hg levels in the species studied. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF), contamination factor (CF), and ecological risk assessment (Er) were calculated. The BAF values were higher than 1 for all studied species, indicating Hg bioaccumulation in the annelids, but the low levels of CF e Er showed those Hg levels present low to no significant ecological risk for the biota and benthonic organisms living in the sediments. Finally, no statistically significant difference was observed for Hg concentration levels along the polychaete body parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Claudia R Sola
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Robson M de Jesus
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Madson M Nascimento
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Gisele O da Rocha
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Jailson B de Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Universitário SENAI-CIMATEC, Av. Orlando Gomes, 1845 - Piatã, 41650-010 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Oliveira HHQ, Reis-Filho JA, Nunes JACC, Dos Santos RM, de F Esteves Santiago E, Aguilar L, de Mello Affonso PRA, da Cruz AL. Gill Histopathological Biomarkers in Fish Exposed to Trace Metals in the Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3388-3399. [PMID: 34590237 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02930-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Histopathologies are widely recognized as biomarkers of environmental pollution. In this sense, we evaluated the putative relationship of gill histopathologies and distinct ecological impacts in two regions of Todos os Santos Bay (BTS), Brazil, the largest bay in Northeastern Brazil, South Atlantic. We compared the presence and concentration of metals (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in water, sediments, and gills and gill histopathologies of a demersal fish (Diapterus rhombeus) and a benthic fish (Ogcocephalus vespertilio). As expected, fish and sediment samples from historically contaminated areas (Aratu) showed more remarkable traces of metals than apparently low-impact areas (Jaguaripe). Likewise, the DTC (degree of tissue change) index and the volume densities were higher in fish caught in Aratu. In addition, the Diapterus rhombeus species showed more potential than Ogcocephalus vespertilio for risk assessment as it showed more responses to the environment reflected on more histopathologies. These data support the effectiveness of incorporating functional gill morphology to monitor impacts on estuarine biota that can be used as a reference to improve the management of ecosystems and prevent harm to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heigon H Queiroz Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - José Amorim Reis-Filho
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - José Anchieta C C Nunes
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Renata Melo Dos Santos
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Eunice de F Esteves Santiago
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Letícia Aguilar
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Paulo R A de Mello Affonso
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Campus de Jequié, Jequié, BA, 45205-490, Brazil
| | - André Luis da Cruz
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil.
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Choueri RB, Moreira LB, Jimenez PC, de Castro ÍB, Gusso-Choueri PK, Pereira CDS, de Souza Abessa DM. A reply to "Reviewing the effects of contamination on the biota of Brazilian coastal ecosystems: Scientific challenges for a developing country in a changing world". THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:153048. [PMID: 35033569 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Department of Marine Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Buruaem Moreira
- Department of Marine Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ítalo Braga de Castro
- Department of Marine Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira
- Department of Marine Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Ecotoxicology, Santa Cecília University, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Alves AV, Ferraz MA, Moreno BB, Nobre CR, Antunes RM, Pusceddu FH, Bordon ICDCL, Favaro DIT, Cotrim MEB, Choueri RB. Microscale Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) for interstitial water of estuarine sediments affected by multiple sources of pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:10122-10137. [PMID: 34510342 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries in the world are affected by different contamination sources related to urbanisation and port/industrial activities. Identifying the substances responsible for the environmental toxicity in estuaries is challenging due to the multitude of stressors, both natural and anthropogenic. The Toxicity Identification and Evaluation (TIE) is a suitable way of determining causes of toxicity of sediments, but it poses difficulties since its application is labour intensive and time consuming. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnosis provided by a TIE based on microscale embryotoxicity tests with interstitial water (IW) to identify toxicants in estuarine sediments affected by multiple stressors. TIE showed toxicity due to different combinations of metals, apolar organic compounds, ammonia and sulphides, depending on the contamination source closest to the sampling station. The microscale TIE was able to discern different toxicants on sites subject to different contamination sources. There is good agreement between the results indicated in the TIE and the chemical analyses in whole sediment, although there are some disagreements, either due to the sensitivity of the test used, or due to the particularities of the use of interstitial water to assess the sediment toxicity. The improvement of TIE methods focused on identifying toxicants in multiple-stressed estuarine areas are crucial to discern contamination sources and subsidise management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Vecchio Alves
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análise Ambiental Integrada, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema/Baixada Santista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Aliceda Ferraz
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barbosa Moreno
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Rodrigues Nobre
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP), Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista, Praça Infante D. Henrique, s/n, Parque Bitaru, CEP 11330-900, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Medeiros Antunes
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Hermes Pusceddu
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília (UNISANTA), Rua Oswaldo Cruz, 266, Boqueirão, CEP 11045-101Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Cristina da Costa Leal Bordon
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Deborah Inês Teixeira Favaro
- IPEN - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Centro do Reator de Pesquisa (CRPq), Avenida. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitária, CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Marycel Elena Barbosa Cotrim
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Centro de Quimica e Meio Ambiente (CQMA), Avenida. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitária, CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Martinez AS, Underwood T, Christofoletti RA, Pardal A, Fortuna MA, Marcelo-Silva J, Morais GC, Lana PC. Reviewing the effects of contamination on the biota of Brazilian coastal ecosystems: Scientific challenges for a developing country in a changing world. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150097. [PMID: 34500263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pollution is a major worldwide problem that is increasing with urban growth, mainly along coastal areas. Pollution is often worse, governance is poorer and managerial strategies to improve environmental quality are less advanced in developing than developed countries. Here, we present an overview of the current scientific knowledge of the impacts of contamination on the biota of coastal ecosystems of Brazil and evaluate the scientific challenges to provide baseline information for local managerial purposes. We compiled data from 323 peer-reviewed published papers from the extensive Brazilian coast. We critically evaluated the produced knowledge (target contaminants, sources, ecosystems, taxa, response variables) and the science behind it (rigour and setting) within its socioenvironmental context (land occupation, use of the coast, sanitation status, contamination history). Research was driven largely by environmental outcomes of industrial development with a focus on the single effects of metals on the biota. The current knowledge derives mainly from laboratory manipulative experiments or from correlative field studies of changes in the biota with varying levels of contamination. Of these, 70% had problems in their experimental design. Environmental impacts have mainly been assessed using standard indicators of populations, mostly in ecotoxicological studies. Benthic assemblages have mostly been studied using structural indicators in field studies. Future assessments of impacts should expand research to more taxonomic groups and ecosystem compartments, adding combined functional and structural responses. Furthermore, further investigations need to consider the interactive effects of contaminants and other environmental stressors. By doing so, researchers would deliver more robust and effective results to solve problems of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline S Martinez
- Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo (IMar/UNIFESP), Rua Dr Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, SP 11070-100, Brazil.
| | - Tony Underwood
- Marine Ecology Laboratories A11, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ronaldo A Christofoletti
- Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo (IMar/UNIFESP), Rua Dr Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, SP 11070-100, Brazil
| | - André Pardal
- Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo (IMar/UNIFESP), Rua Dr Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, SP 11070-100, Brazil; Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (CCNH/UFABC), Rua Santa Adélia, 166, Santo André, SP 09210-170, Brazil
| | - Monique A Fortuna
- Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo (IMar/UNIFESP), Rua Dr Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, SP 11070-100, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo-Silva
- Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo (IMar/UNIFESP), Rua Dr Carvalho de Mendonça 144, Santos, SP 11070-100, Brazil
| | - Gisele C Morais
- Laboratório de Bentos, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Beira-mar, s/n, Pontal do Paraná, PR 83255-976, Brazil
| | - Paulo C Lana
- Laboratório de Bentos, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Beira-mar, s/n, Pontal do Paraná, PR 83255-976, Brazil
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Eça GF, Albergaria-Barbosa ACR, de Souza MM, Costa PG, Leite AS, Fillmann G, Hatje V. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments and shellfish from Todos os Santos bay, Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:112944. [PMID: 34536703 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the occurrence of 24 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments and shellfish (Anomalocardia flexuosa, Crassostrea rhizophorae, and Mytella guyanensis) of Todos os Santos bay (BTS, Brazil). Total PAHs levels ranged from 89 to 921 ng g-1 dry weight (d.w.) in sediments, and from 66 to 505 ng g-1 d.w. in shellfish, signalizing that BTS was moderately contaminated by PAHs, mostly from pyrogenic activities. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of total PAHs ranged from 0.20 to 2.9 and did not show a clear trend among the studied species. BAFs of high molecular weight compounds were higher for A. flexuosa (specie found buried in fine sediment), while those of low molecular weight compounds were higher for C. rhizophorae (specie found in the roots of mangrove trees). High concentrations of PAHs, especially benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, suggest that contamination compromises shellfish quality and raise concern about seafood consumption safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilmara F Eça
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, BA, Brazil.
| | - Ana C R Albergaria-Barbosa
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Marinha, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia UFBA, Campus de Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil.
| | - Manuel M de Souza
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Halófitas, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia G Costa
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriele S Leite
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais-NEA, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, BA 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Fillmann
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Hatje
- Instituto de Química & Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia-UFBA, Campus de Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil.
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9
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Santos-Andrade M, Hatje V, Arias-Ortiz A, Patire VF, da Silva LA. Human disturbance drives loss of soil organic matter and changes its stability and sources in mangroves. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111663. [PMID: 34256076 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove soils with high organic carbon (Corg) content are likely to contain Corg that is vulnerable to remineralization during land use changes. Mangrove conversion to different land uses might deplete soil Corg stocks causing variable carbon dioxide emissions, but the extent of these emissions and the fraction of soil Corg (i.e., labile or stable/recalcitrant) that is mostly lost is poorly understood. Here, we study mangrove soil Corg degradability and its susceptibility to mineralization after mangrove disturbance. We measured changes in soil properties, organic matter (OM) stability and Corg pools and sources across a mangrove disturbance gradient (i.e., pristine forests, degraded mangroves receiving domestic sewage and shrimp farm effluents, and shrimp ponds). Results showed that the conversion of mangroves to shrimp ponds caused the most severe changes in soil properties, OM and Corg characteristics. Shrimp pond soils contained the lowest OM-Corg pools, consisted mostly of stable OM (i.e., recalcitrant and refractory; 36.0 ± 5.7% of the total OM) and enriched δ13Corg (-22.6 ± 2.7‰). Conversely, control mangrove soils had the largest OM-Corg pools consisting of a large unstable OM fraction (i.e., labile; 46.4 ± 4.2%) and lighter δ13Corg (-26.8 ± 0.4‰) being characteristic of Corg from a mangrove origin. Conversion of mangroves to shrimp ponds and its degradation by shrimp farm and domestic sewage effluents caused a loss of 97%, 61%, and 35% of soil Corg stocks in the upper meter, representing potential emissions of ~1200, 800, and 400 Mg CO2 ha-1, respectively. These losses were explained by enhanced OM mineralization of unstable fractions driven by the loss of the physico-chemical protection provided by fine-grained soils and vegetation cover. The differences in Corg stability among sites can be used to predict potential carbon dioxide produced during mineralization, hence aid at prioritizing areas for conservation, restoration or management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Santos-Andrade
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente, CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente, CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Ariane Arias-Ortiz
- Ecosystem Science Division, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Institute of Marine Science, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Vinicius F Patire
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente, CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Luciana A da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil
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10
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de Freitas TOP, Pedreira RMA, Hatje V. Distribution and fractionation of rare earth elements in sediments and mangrove soil profiles across an estuarine gradient. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128431. [PMID: 33017707 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many hypotheses have been raised about the controls of the distribution and fractionation of the rare earth elements (REE) in coastal ecosystems. Here, REE were measured in estuarine sediments and in six mangrove soil profiles along the estuarine salinity gradient of the Jaguaripe estuary, northeastern Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fractionation, distribution, remobilization, and possible sources of these elements. The ΣREE and Y in oxic estuarine sediments ranged from 202 to 220 mg kg-1 and from 12 to 15 mg kg-1, respectively. The normalized abundances to the Post Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) showed that light REE (LREE; La, Ce, Pr, and Nd) were consistently enriched over heavy REE (HREE; Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu). Among the REE, only LREE showed significant correlation with Al (r = 0.85) and Fe (r = 0.96) indicating that Al and Fe oxy-hydroxides are the main host phases of the LREE in estuarine sediments. The average ΣREE for mangrove soils throughout the salinity gradient ranged from 161 ± 18 mg kg-1 (lower estuary) to 183 ± 16 mg kg-1 (upper estuary). Al-normalized Mn and Fe concentrations showed small peaks down-core, indicating diagenetic remobilization. Vertical REE profiles have shown that post-deposition processes might contribute to the patterns in the abundances of the ΣREE and their fractionation at the surface and subsurface mangrove soils. Below the top 15 cm, diagenetic alteration after burial is not leading to substantial variation in the LREE/HREE profiles. The coincidence of peaks in individual REE/Al down core along with Fe and Mn peaks reflects the participation of the REE in early diagenesis. The REE abundances observed here corroborate to the characterization of the Jaguaripe estuary as a pristine system and can be used as a background for the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tácila O P de Freitas
- Inst. de Química & Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente, CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M A Pedreira
- Inst. de Química & Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente, CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Hatje
- Inst. de Química & Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente, CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil.
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11
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Miranda DA, Benskin JP, Awad R, Lepoint G, Leonel J, Hatje V. Bioaccumulation of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in a tropical estuarine food web. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142146. [PMID: 33254889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The biomagnification of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) was investigated in a tropical mangrove food web from an estuary in Bahia, Brazil. Samples of 44 organisms (21 taxa), along with biofilm, leaves, sediment and suspended particulate matter were analyzed. Sum (∑) PFAS concentrations in biota samples were dominated by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, 93% detection frequency in tissues; 0.05 to 1.97 ng g-1 ww whole-body (wb)), followed by perfluorotridecanoate (PFTrDA, 57%; 0.01 to 0.28 ng g-1 ww wb). PFOS precursors such as perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA, 54%; 0.01 to 0.32 ng g-1 ww wb) and N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (EtFOSA; 30%; 0.01 to 0.21 ng g-1 ww wb) were also detected. PFAS accumulation profiles revealed different routes of exposure among bivalve, crustacean and fish groups. Statistics for left-censored data were used in order to minimize bias on trophic magnification factors (TMFs) calculations. TMFs >1 were observed for PFOS (linear + branched isomers), EtFOSA (linear + branched isomers), and perfluorononanoate (PFNA), and in all cases, dissimilar accumulation patterns were observed among different trophic positions. The apparent biodilution of some long-chain PFCAs through the food chain (TMF < 1) may be due to exposure from multiple PFAS sources. This is the first study investigating bioaccumulation of PFASs in a tropical food web and provides new insight on the behavior of this ubiquitous class of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele A Miranda
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIEnAm) and Inst. de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 41170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jonathan P Benskin
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raed Awad
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gilles Lepoint
- Freshwater and Oceanic sciences Unit of reSearch (FOCUS - Oceanology), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Juliana Leonel
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIEnAm) and Inst. de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 41170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
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12
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Sotão Neto BMT, Combi T, Taniguchi S, Albergaria-Barbosa ACR, Ramos RB, Figueira RCL, Montone RC. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and personal care products (PCPs) in the surface sediments of a large tropical bay (Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 161:111818. [PMID: 33160119 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and spatial distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and personal care products (PCPs) were investigated in surface sediments of Todos os Santos Bay. Samples were Soxhlet-extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Quantification limits (QL) ranged from 0.0025 ng g-1 for POPs to 0.25 ng g-1 for PCPs. Of the POPs studied, only PCBs and DDTs were detectable, with concentrations ranging from <QL to 4.66 ng g-1, with increased concentrations near urban and industrial areas. PCPs ranged from <QL to 27.5 ng g-1 and presented a homogeneous spatial distribution, probably related to the continuous inputs of these compounds from diffuse sources. Mean contaminant inventories ranged from 0.33 ± 0.23 ng cm-2 for DDTs to 8.3 ± 8.4 ng cm-2 for fragrances. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the occurrence of UV filters in sediments from Brazilian coastal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basílio M T Sotão Neto
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Combi
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 40170-020 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana C R Albergaria-Barbosa
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 40170-020 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Raissa B Ramos
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosalinda C Montone
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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13
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Reis A, Barros F. Tropical saltmarshes are important to juvenile fiddler crabs but not as refuges from large predators or high temperatures. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 161:105133. [PMID: 32911252 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tropical saltmarshes' role as a refuge for macrofauna is poorly known. We tested the hypotheses that: i) there is an increase in abundance of early life-stages of fiddler crabs associated with an increase in vegetation density (thermal and/or predation refuge) and ii) predation are lower within saltmarsh vegetation. The abundance of early life-stages increased with both vegetation density and temperature. Megalopa and juveniles might be adapted or benefit from high temperatures found on tropical saltmarshes and thus do not need protection from it. Predation was higher in saltmarshes than in nearby non-vegetated areas, thus tropical saltmarshes can not be considered a refuge from relatively large predators for juveniles of fiddler crabs. Although not offering refuge against temperature and predation, tropical saltmarshes are important habitats for the recruitment of early life-stages of fiddler crabs. Future studies should consider the evaluation of tropical saltmarsh hydrodynamics in the settlement and permanence of juveniles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Reis
- Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica, Instituto de Biologia & CIENAM, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, s/n, Campus de Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Estudos Interdisciplinares e Transdisciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução (INCT IN-TREE), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Barros
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Estudos Interdisciplinares e Transdisciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução (INCT IN-TREE), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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14
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Santos LL, Miranda D, Hatje V, Albergaria-Barbosa ACR, Leonel J. PCBs occurrence in marine bivalves and fish from Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia, Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 154:111070. [PMID: 32319897 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a tropical bay exposed to different anthropogenic pressures, samples of bivalves: mangrove oyster (Crassotrea rhizophorae), mangrove mussel (Mytella guyanensis)and clams (Anomalocardia brasiliana), were collected in different parts of Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia, Brazil. In addition, samples of bivalves and fish, purchased from a seafood market in the city of Salvador were analyzed to evaluate human exposure to PCBs through ingestion. Identification and quantification of PCBs were done by GC/MS after microwave extraction and purification with sulfuric acid. In bivalves, concentrations ranged from <0.08 to 50.1 ng g -1 (dry weight), with the highest values being detected in mangrove oyster, followed by clams and mangrove mussel of the Subaé estuary and Madre de Deus/Mataripe; regions known to be impacted by anthropic activities. From the total of the 12 fish species analyzed, only 5 presented levels of PCBs above the detection limit, ranging from 0.23 to 4.55 ng g -1 and 0.51 to 26.05 ng g -1 by dry weight and lipid weight, respectively. In general, concentrations of PCBs on the bay are lower than in most regions around the world, especially those located in the Northern Hemisphere. Indexes indicated that local biota and seafood from the fish market are not adversely impacted by PCBs and do not represent a risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Santos
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Marinha, GEOQMAR, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA 40170-115, Brazil.
| | - D Miranda
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente, CIENAM & Inst. de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA 40170-115, Brazil
| | - V Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente, CIENAM & Inst. de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA 40170-115, Brazil
| | - A C R Albergaria-Barbosa
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Marinha, GEOQMAR, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA 40170-115, Brazil
| | - J Leonel
- Laboratório de Poluição e Geoquímica Marinha, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
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15
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Egres AG, Hatje V, Gallucci F, Machado ME, Barros F. Effects of an experimental oil spill on the structure and function of benthic assemblages with different history of exposure to oil perturbation. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 152:104822. [PMID: 31668831 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study compared the short-term effects of a diesel oil spill on the strucure and function of nematode and macrobenthic assemblages between tidal flats with different history of exposure to oil perturbation. A manipulative field experiment was conducted, where oil exposed treatments were contrasted with controls, during four successive times, two before and two after the oil spills. During the oil spill the death and the presence of diverse debilitated macrofaunal organisms were observed in the oil treatments. However, 24 h later no significant changes were identified, suggesting that the impacted plots were quickly recolonized. Nematode assemblages showed a decrease in overall density and an increase of r-strategist traits such as non-selective deposit feeders and colonizers at perturbed treatments from one of the historically non-perturbed tidal flats. We discuss the mechanisms responsible by distinctive patterns of response observed between the two benthic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Gonzalez Egres
- Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIEnAm), Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, Campus de Ondina, Salvador, 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIEnAm), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, Salvador, 40170-115, BA, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Gallucci
- Instituto do Mar da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Santos, São Paulo, 11030-400, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisabete Machado
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIEnAm), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, Salvador, 40170-115, BA, Brazil
| | - Francisco Barros
- Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIEnAm), Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, Campus de Ondina, Salvador, 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil
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16
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Bernardino AF, Pais FS, Oliveira LS, Gabriel FA, Ferreira TO, Queiroz HM, Mazzuco ACA. Chronic trace metals effects of mine tailings on estuarine assemblages revealed by environmental DNA. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8042. [PMID: 31720128 PMCID: PMC6842558 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mine tailing disasters have occurred worldwide and contemporary release of tailings of large proportions raise concerns of the chronic impacts that trace metals may have on the aquatic biodiversity. Environmental metabarcoding (eDNA) offers an as yet poorly explored opportunity for biological monitoring of impacted aquatic ecosystems from mine tailings and contaminated sediments. eDNA has been increasingly recognized to be an effective method to detect previously unrecognized small-sized Metazoan taxa, but their ecological responses to environmental pollution has not been assessed by metabarcoding. Here, we evaluated chronic effects of trace metal contamination from sediment eDNA of the Rio Doce estuary, 1.7 years after the Samarco mine tailing disaster, which released over 40 million m3 of iron tailings in the Rio Doce river basin. We identified 123 new sequence variants environmental taxonomic units (eOTUs) of benthic taxa and an assemblage composition dominated by Nematoda, Crustacea and Platyhelminthes; typical of other estuarine ecosystems. We detected environmental filtering on the meiofaunal assemblages and multivariate analysis revealed strong influence of Fe contamination, supporting chronic impacts from mine tailing deposition in the estuary. This was in contrast to environmental filtering of meiofaunal assemblages of non-polluted estuaries. Here, we suggest that the eDNA metabarcoding technique provides an opportunity to fill up biodiversity gaps in coastal marine ecology and may become a valid method for long term monitoring studies in mine tailing disasters and estuarine ecosystems with high trace metals content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo F Bernardino
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Department of Oceanography, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Fabiano S Pais
- Instituto René Rachou, FIOCRUZ/Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Louisi S Oliveira
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Department of Oceanography, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Fabricio A Gabriel
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Department of Oceanography, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Tiago O Ferreira
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hermano M Queiroz
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina A Mazzuco
- Grupo de Ecologia Bentônica, Department of Oceanography, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
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17
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Hatje V, Andrade RLB, Jesus RM, Masqué P, Albergaria-Barbosa ACR, de Andrade JB, Santos ACSS. Historical records of mercury deposition in dated sediment cores reveal the impacts of the legacy and present-day human activities in Todos os Santos Bay, Northeast Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 145:396-406. [PMID: 31590802 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We determined depth profiles of total mercury (T-Hg) in six 210Pb-dated sediment cores from Todos os Santos Bay to reconstruct the history of anthropogenic Hg accumulation. We also assessed superficial sediments samples from five estuaries. T-Hg concentrations (5-3500 μg kg-1) presented a large spatial and temporal variability. T-Hg concentrations in Ribeira Bay increased up to 200-fold along time, whereas the fluxes of T-Hg are substantially higher (up to 10,000 fold) than present-day wet deposition for industrialized areas. Sedimentary records indicate that a chlor-alkali plant has been the main source of Hg pollution until the present, although the T-Hg records suggest that harbor, shrimp farming, and oil refinery activities, besides Hg atmospheric depositions, are important across the bay. Sediments in the Ribeira Bay act as an important Hg sink. If sediments are eroded or disturbed, they may release Hg, thus posing a serious risk to wildlife and ecosystem health. CAPSULE: Sedimentary cores provide data on preindustrial levels and also anthropogenic fluxes of Hg for the appraisal of the magnitude, processes and potential risks of the contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hatje
- CIEnAm & Inst. de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - R L B Andrade
- CIEnAm & Inst. de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - R M Jesus
- CIEnAm & Inst. de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - P Masqué
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia; Departament de Física, Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - J B de Andrade
- CIEnAm & Inst. de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil; SENAI-CIMATEC University Center, 41650-010 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - A C S S Santos
- CIEnAm & Inst. de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
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18
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Régis CG, Souza-Santos LP, Yogui GT, Moraes AS, Schettini CAF. Use of Tisbe biminiensis nauplii in ecotoxicological tests and geochemical analyses to assess the sediment quality of a tropical urban estuary in northeastern Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 137:45-55. [PMID: 30503455 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An approach pooling geochemical analyses and ecotoxicological tests has been applied to assess the sediment quality of the Capibaribe River Estuary, Brazil. Toxicity tests were performed to compare a well-established, labor-intensive protocol using ovigerous females to a new, easier and faster protocol using nauplii of the epibenthic marine copepod Tisbe biminiensis. The endpoints of the nauplii toxicity test were comparable to those of the female test. Nauplii proved to be more sensitive than females as a biological model for indicating sediment toxicity. All sediments collected had at least one contaminant above the threshold effects level (TEL) proposed in the literature. Furthermore, more than one-third of samples exhibited contaminants above the probable effects level (PEL). The PCA revealed that nauplii mortality was associated with metals in October 2014, which was confirmed by the Spearman correlation factor. In contrast, no strong association among contaminants and toxicological endpoints in May 2015 was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Glasner Régis
- Laboratório de Cultivo e Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Lília Pereira Souza-Santos
- Laboratório de Cultivo e Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Alex Souza Moraes
- Unidade Acadêmica Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rodovia Br-101 Sul 5225, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Pernambuco 54510-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto França Schettini
- Laboratório de Hidrodinâmica Costeira, Departamento de Oceanografi, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-550, Brazil
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19
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Passarelli MC, Riba I, Cesar A, DelValls TA. What is the best endpoint for assessing environmental risk associated with acidification caused by CO 2 enrichment using mussels? MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 128:379-389. [PMID: 29571386 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon capture and storage is a technology that has been widely determined to be one of the best choices for the short-term reduction of atmospheric CO2 emissions. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of CO2 enrichment in the ocean on the mussel species Mytilus galloprovincialis using three different endpoints: mortality, embryo-larval development, and neutral red retention time assays (NRRT). Acute effects were found to be associated with a pH values of 6.0 while citotoxity effects and embryo-larval development were associated with a pH value of 7.0. The NRRT assay and embryo-larval development can be recommended as good endpoints for assessing the environmental risk associated with acidification by CO2 enrichment because they provide sensitive responses on the effects of changes in seawater pH on mussels in a short period of time. Moreover, this study may support policymakers in finding appropriate solutions for the conservation of marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Passarelli
- Department of Chemistry, Aquatic Systems Research Group, UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCop, International Campus of Excellence of the Sea (CEIMAR), Cádiz, Spain.
| | - I Riba
- Department of Chemistry, Aquatic Systems Research Group, UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCop, International Campus of Excellence of the Sea (CEIMAR), Cádiz, Spain
| | - A Cesar
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Ecotoxicology, Santa Cecília University (UNISANTA), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T A DelValls
- Department of Chemistry, Aquatic Systems Research Group, UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCop, International Campus of Excellence of the Sea (CEIMAR), Cádiz, Spain; Department of Ecotoxicology, Santa Cecília University (UNISANTA), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Santos ACC, Choueri RB, de Figueiredo Eufrasio Pauly G, Abessa D, Gallucci F. Is the microcosm approach using meiofauna community descriptors a suitable tool for ecotoxicological studies? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 147:945-953. [PMID: 29029380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The usual approaches used in ecological risk assessment have been based on individual and population level standard procedures. Although these have been important tools to assess adverse effects on ecosystems, they are generally simplified and therefore lack ecological realism. Microcosm studies using meiobenthic communities offer a good compromise between the complexity of the ecosystem and the often highly artificial settings of laboratory experiments. An experiment was designed to investigate the potential of the microcosm approach using meiofauna as a tool for ecotoxicological studies. The experiment tested the ecological effects of exposure to sewage-impacted pore water simultaneously at the community level using meiofauna microcosms and at the individual level using laboratory fecundity tests with the copepod Nitokra sp. Specifically, the experiment tested the toxicity of pore water from three sites according to a contamination gradient. Both approaches were efficient in detecting differences in toxicity between the less and more contaminated sites. However, only multivariate data from community analysis detected differences in the gradient of contamination. In addition to information about toxicity, the community level microcosm experiment gave indications about sensitive and tolerant species, indirect ecological effects, as well as raised hypothesis about contamination routes and bioavailability to be tested. Considering the importance of meiofauna for benthic ecosystems, the microcosm approach using natural meiobenthic communities might be a valuable addition as a higher tier approach in ecological risk assessment, providing highly relevant ecological information on the toxicity of contaminated sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Carolina Chaaban Santos
- Centro de Estudos do Mar da Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Beira-mar, s/n 83255-976, Pontal do Sul, PR, Brazil; Centro de Biologia Marinha da Universidade de São Paulo, Rodovia Manoel Hypólito do Rego, km 131.5, São Sebastião, SP 11600-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Instituto do Mar da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Santos, SP CEP: 11070-100, Brazil
| | | | - Denis Abessa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, São Vicente-Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Gallucci
- Instituto do Mar da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Santos, SP CEP: 11070-100, Brazil.
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21
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Andrade RLB, Hatje V, Masqué P, Zurbrick CM, Boyle EA, Santos WPC. Chronology of anthropogenic impacts reconstructed from sediment records of trace metals and Pb isotopes in Todos os Santos Bay (NE Brazil). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 125:459-471. [PMID: 28800910 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of the impacts of anthropogenic activities in Todos os Santos Bay was evaluated by profiles of trace metals and Pb isotopes determined in sediment cores. Fluxes of metals increased up to 12, 4 and 2 times for Cu, Pb, and Zn, respectively, compared to those recorded in the beginning of the 20th century. Stable Pb isotopes identified a decommissioned lead smelter and burning of fossil fuels as the main sources of Pb. Most metals showed minor to moderate enrichment factors (EF<4), but Cu and Pb were highly enriched (EF=28 and 6, respectively) at the Aratu harbor. Temporal changes in sediments were associated to different activities, namely Pb smelting, burning of fossil fuels, maritime traffic, petroleum related activities, inputs of domestic effluents, and changes in land uses. The effects of the implementation of environmental policies to improve the waters of the bay could not be identified in the evaluated cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L B Andrade
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, Salvador, BA 40170-290, Brazil.
| | - V Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, Salvador, BA 40170-290, Brazil
| | - P Masqué
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Oceans Institute & School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - C M Zurbrick
- Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - E A Boyle
- Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - W P C Santos
- Departamento de Química (DAQ-SSA), Instituto Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA 40301-015, Brazil
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Pedreira RMA, Barros F, Farias CDO, Wagener AL, Hatje V. A tropical bay as a reference area defined by multiple lines of evidences. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 123:291-303. [PMID: 28847632 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
References areas are sites that have undergone little or no anthropogenic impact and therefore represent the natural state of an environment. The objective of this study was to test if the Camamu Bay (CB), Bahia, can be used as a reference area for tropical coastal environments. Trace and major elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and the structure of the benthic macrofauna were determined. To compare the studied sites and identify the possible occurrence of anomalous concentrations, trace elements were normalized by Al and linear regressions were also performed. For all trace elements (except Cu), regressions showed a significant correlation (p<0.05) and few outliers (<3% of cases), showing that the concentrations found represent natural values for this bay. In the case of Cu, the highest concentrations were found near small municipalities, which may be associated with domestic sewage. About 60% of the organic compounds occurred at levels below the limit of quantification (<0.26ngg-1). The sum of PAHs was low for all stations, ranging from 1.17 to 313ngg-1. The benthic assemblages also indicated that the CB is a healthy, well-preserved ecosystem that deserves conservation efforts. The integrated use of geochemical and biotic data supported the use of CB as a reference area. Capsule: Organic and inorganic contaminants together with macrobenthic assemblages indicated that Camamu Bay is a pristine, tropical reference area.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M A Pedreira
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - F Barros
- Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - C de O Farias
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Orgânica Marinha (LAGOM), Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A L Wagener
- LABMAM, Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - V Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Passarelli MC, Riba I, Cesar A, Serrano-Bernando F, DelValls TA. Assessing the influence of ocean acidification to marine amphipods: A comparative study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 595:759-768. [PMID: 28407593 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CO2 increases in the ocean may occur both by the capacity of CO2 exchanges with its dissolved form between atmosphere and surface seawater as well by CO2 leaks during the carbon capture and storage (CCS) process. The decrease in seawater pH may result in a reduction in the concentration of both hydroxide and carbonate (OH- and CO32-). The main aim of this work is to conduct an ecotoxicology comparative survey using two amphipod species from Europe and Brazil exposed to different acidification (CO2) scenarios. For it, an integrative approach based on the weight of evidence was used for comparative proposes to identify the effects on the amphipods association with the acidification and with the related mobility of metals. The results demonstrate that the Ampelisca brevicornis species is more sensitive to pH reductions than the Hyale youngi species. Furthermore, this study has demonstrated that the CO2 enrichment in aquatic ecosystems would cause changes on the mobility of certain metals (Zn, Cu and As). The results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the dissolved Zn in overlying water was strongly correlated with the decrease in the pH and was associated with increased toxicity of the sediment to the exposed organisms, mainly for the A. brevicornis species from Spain. Nevertheless, similar results were found in relation to the mortality of amphipods in low pH values for all sediment tested. Concluding, it is highlighted the importance of comparative studies in different types of environment and improve the understood of the risks associated with the ocean acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Passarelli
- Department of Chemistry, Aquatic Systems Research Group. UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCop. International Campus of Excellence of the Sea (CEIMAR), Cádiz, Spain.
| | - I Riba
- Department of Chemistry, Aquatic Systems Research Group. UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCop. International Campus of Excellence of the Sea (CEIMAR), Cádiz, Spain
| | - A Cesar
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Ecotoxicology, Santa Cecília University (UNISANTA), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F Serrano-Bernando
- Department of Civil Engineering, Advanced Technical School for Civil Engineering, University of Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain
| | - T A DelValls
- Department of Chemistry, Aquatic Systems Research Group. UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCop. International Campus of Excellence of the Sea (CEIMAR), Cádiz, Spain
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Passarelli MC, Cesar A, Riba I, DelValls TA. Comparative evaluation of sea-urchin larval stage sensitivity to ocean acidification. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:224-234. [PMID: 28599151 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the marine carbonate system may affect various calcifying organisms. This study is aimed to compare the sensitivity of embryo-larval development of two species of sea urchins (Paracentrutos lividus and Lytechinus variegatus) collected and exposed to samples from different coastal zone (Spain and Brazil) to ocean acidification. The results showed that the larval stages are very sensitive to small changes in the seawater's pH. The larvae from P. lividus species showed to be more sensitive to acidified elutriate sediments than larvae from L. variegatus sea urchin. Furthermore, this study has demonstrated that the CO2 enrichment in aquatic ecosystems cause changes on the mobility of the metals: Zn, Cu, Fe, Al and As, which was presented different behavior among them. Although an increase on the mobility of metals was found, the results using the principal component analysis showed that the pH reduction show the highest correlations with the toxicity and is the main cause of embryo-larval development inhibition. In this comparative study it is demonstrated that both species are able to assess potential effects of the ocean acidification related to CO2 enrichment by both near future scenarios and the risk associated with CO2 leakages in the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) process, and the importance of comparative studies in different zones to improve the understanding of the impacts caused by ocean acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Passarelli
- UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCop, Physico Chemical Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Studies, CEIMAR, University of Cádiz, Spain.
| | - A Cesar
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Ecotoxicology, Santa Cecília University (UNISANTA), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I Riba
- UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCop, Physico Chemical Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Studies, CEIMAR, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - T A DelValls
- UNESCO/UNITWIN WiCop, Physico Chemical Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Studies, CEIMAR, University of Cádiz, Spain
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25
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Gomes LEDO, Correa LB, Sá F, Neto RR, Bernardino AF. The impacts of the Samarco mine tailing spill on the Rio Doce estuary, Eastern Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 120:28-36. [PMID: 28477986 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Over 50 million cubic meters of mining tailings were released in the Rio Doce basin after the collapse of the Fundão dam (Samarco) in November 2015. Predicting significant impacts on the Rio Doce estuary, we sampled sediments to investigate short-term impacts on the benthic assemblages and trace metal accumulation on estuarine sediments. With the arrival of the tailing plumes in the estuary, we detected a predominance of clay particles and increased trace metal concentrations of up to 5 times in some areas. The rapid sedimentation after the impact also impacted estuarine macrofaunal assemblages through loss surface-dwelling taxa. As expected, the impacts on benthic assemblages observed up to 3days after the arrival of tailings were not clearly associated with trace metal concentrations, but long-term effects need to be studied. We recommend that the high spatial variability within the estuary be considered in future impact assessment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Eduardo de Oliveira Gomes
- Grupo de Ecologia Bêntica, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Lucas Barreto Correa
- BIOENV Meio Ambiente, Av. das Acácias, 456, Coqueiral, Aracruz, ES 29199-156, Brazil
| | - Fabian Sá
- BIOENV Meio Ambiente, Av. das Acácias, 456, Coqueiral, Aracruz, ES 29199-156, Brazil
| | - Renato Rodrigues Neto
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - Angelo Fraga Bernardino
- Grupo de Ecologia Bêntica, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil.
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26
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Soroldoni S, Abreu F, Castro ÍB, Duarte FA, Pinho GLL. Are antifouling paint particles a continuous source of toxic chemicals to the marine environment? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 330:76-82. [PMID: 28212512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antifouling paint particles (APPs) are generated during periodical maintenance of boat hulls. Chemical composition and toxicity (either chronic or acute) of APPs found in the sediment was evaluated using the epibenthic copepod Nitokra sp. The APPs analyzed showed the presence of high levels of metals such as Cu (234,247±268μgg-1), Zn (112,404±845μgg-1) and the booster biocide DCOIT (0.13μgg-1). Even at low concentrations (as from 5mgg-1 of APPs by mass of sediment) a significantly decrease in the fecundity was observed in laboratory tests. When the sediment was disturbed in elutriate test, a LC50 of 0.14% for APPs was found. This study was the first assessment of toxicity associated with the presence of APPs in sediment to benthic organisms, and it calls attention to the need of improving regulations in boatyards and marina areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanye Soroldoni
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO -FURG). Av. Itália s/n, Campus Carreiros, C.P. 474, 96201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Fiamma Abreu
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO -FURG). Av. Itália s/n, Campus Carreiros, C.P. 474, 96201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP). Av. Almirante Saldanha da Gama, 11030400, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Andrei Duarte
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, 97.105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Grasiela Lopes Leães Pinho
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO -FURG). Av. Itália s/n, Campus Carreiros, C.P. 474, 96201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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27
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Dos Santos NM, do Nascimento CWA, Matschullat J, de Olinda RA. Assessment of the Spatial Distribution of Metal(Oid)s in Soils Around an Abandoned Pb-Smelter Plant. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 59:522-530. [PMID: 27826694 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-016-0796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Todos os Santos (All Saints) Bay area, NE-Brazil, is known for one of the most important cases of urban lead (Pb) contamination in the world. The main objective of this work was to assess and interpret the spatial distribution of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Zn in "background" soils of this environmentally impacted bay area, using a combination of geostatistical and multivariate analytical methods to distinguish between natural and anthropogenic sources of those metal(oid)s in soils. We collected 114 topsoil samples (0.0-0.2 m depth) from 38 sites. The median values for trace metal concentrations in soils (mg kg-1) followed the order Pb (33.9) > Zn (8.8) > As (1.2) > Cd (0.2) > Hg (0.07), clearly reflecting a Pb-contamination issue. Principal component analysis linked Cd, Pb, and Zn to the same factor (F1), chiefly corroborating their anthropogenic origin; yet, both Pb and Zn are also influenced by natural lithogenic sources. Arsenic and Hg concentrations (F2) are likely related to the natural component alone; their parent material (igneous-metamorphic rocks) seemingly confirm this hypothesis. The heterogeneity of sources and the complexity of the spatial distribution of metals in large areas such as the Todos os Santos Bay warrant, the importance of multivariate and geostatistical analyses in the interpretation of environmental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nielson Machado Dos Santos
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Dom Manuel de Medeiros street, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | - Jörg Matschullat
- TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Interdisciplinary Environmental Research Centre, Brennhausgasse 14, Freiberg, 09599, Germany
| | - Ricardo Alves de Olinda
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Paraíba, Juvêncio Arruda street,-Campus Universitário-Bodocongó, Campina Grande, PB, 58109-790, Brazil
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Lofrano G, Libralato G, Minetto D, De Gisi S, Todaro F, Conte B, Calabrò D, Quatraro L, Notarnicola M. In situ remediation of contaminated marinesediment: an overview. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:5189-5206. [PMID: 28013464 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8281-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sediment tends to accumulate inorganic and persistent hydrophobic organic contaminants representing one of the main sinks and sources of pollution. Generally, contaminated sediment poses medium- and long-term risks to humans and ecosystem health; dredging activities or natural resuspension phenomena (i.e., strongly adverse weather conditions) can remobilize pollution releasing it into the water column. Thus, ex situ traditional remediation activities (i.e., dredging) can be hazardous compared to in situ techniques that try to keep to a minimum sediment mobilization, unless dredging is compulsory to reach a desired bathymetric level. We reviewed in situ physico-chemical (i.e., active mixing and thin capping, solidification/stabilization, chemical oxidation, dechlorination, electrokinetic separation, and sediment flushing) and bio-assisted treatments, including hybrid solutions (i.e., nanocomposite reactive capping, bioreactive capping, microbial electrochemical technologies). We found that significant gaps still remain into the knowledge about the application of in situ contaminated sediment remediation techniques from the technical and the practical viewpoint. Only activated carbon-based technologies are well developed and currently applied with several available case studies. The environmental implication of in situ remediation technologies was only shortly investigated on a long-term basis after its application, so it is not clear how they can really perform.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lofrano
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Technical University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - G Libralato
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Technical University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - D Minetto
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Technical University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - S De Gisi
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Technical University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - F Todaro
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Technical University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - B Conte
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Technical University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - D Calabrò
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Technical University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - L Quatraro
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Technical University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - M Notarnicola
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Technical University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
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Hatje V, de Souza MM, Ribeiro LF, Eça GF, Barros F. Detection of environmental impacts of shrimp farming through multiple lines of evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 219:672-684. [PMID: 27376996 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the impact of semi-intensive shrimp farming, comparisons between Control and Impact areas were made based on multiple lines of evidence using an asymmetrical design. Water and sediment samples were collected in four shrimp farms located in Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia, Brazil. Nutrients, trace elements and macrobenthic assemblages were evaluated using uni- and multivariate analyzes. Significant differences were observed between Impact and Control areas for the water column dataset (i.e., ancillary variables, SPM, dissolved nutrients and major and trace elements in SPM), whereas no significant differences were observed for the chemistry of sediments. Macrobenthic assemblages were negatively affected by shrimp farm activities. Impacted sites presented the lowest abundance, richness and different structure of macrofaunal benthic assemblages. Farms clearly produced negative impacts in the Todos os Santos Bay. This conclusion was only possible to be reached through the use of multiple lines of evidence. Chemistry and benthic assemblages data combined produced a better description of the quality and impacts of the evaluated environments. Different conclusions would have been reached if chemistry and ecology results were studied separately vs. together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Manuel M de Souza
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Luisa F Ribeiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Gilmara F Eça
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Rui Barbosa, 710, Centro, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Barros
- Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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30
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Gissi F, Stauber JL, Binet MT, Golding LA, Adams MS, Schlekat CE, Garman ER, Jolley DF. A review of nickel toxicity to marine and estuarine tropical biota with particular reference to the South East Asian and Melanesian region. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:1308-1323. [PMID: 27622840 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The South East Asian Melanesian (SEAM) region contains the world's largest deposits of nickel lateritic ores. Environmental impacts may occur if mining operations are not adequately managed. Effects data for tropical ecosystems are required to assess risks of contaminant exposure and to derive water quality guidelines (WQG) to manage these risks. Currently, risk assessment tools and WQGs for the tropics are limited due to the sparse research on how contaminants impact tropical biota. As part of a larger project to develop appropriate risk assessment tools to ensure sustainable nickel production in SEAM, nickel effects data were required. The aim of this review was to compile data on the effects of nickel on tropical marine, estuarine, pelagic and benthic species, with a particular focus on SEAM. There were limited high quality chronic nickel toxicity data for tropical marine species, and even fewer for those relevant to SEAM. Of the data available, the most sensitive SEAM species to nickel were a sea urchin, copepod and anemone. There is a significant lack of high quality chronic data for several ecologically important taxonomic groups including cnidarians, molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms, macroalgae and fish. No high quality chronic nickel toxicity data were available for estuarine waters or marine and estuarine sediments. The very sparse toxicity data for tropical species limits our ability to conduct robust ecological risk assessment and may require additional data generation or read-across from similar species in other databases (e.g. temperate) to fill data gaps. Recommendations on testing priorities to fill these data gaps are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gissi
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Lucas Heights, 2234, NSW, Australia; University of Wollongong, School of Chemistry, Wollongong, 2522, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | | - Lisa A Golding
- CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, 2234, NSW, Australia
| | - Merrin S Adams
- CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, 2234, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Emily R Garman
- Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dianne F Jolley
- University of Wollongong, School of Chemistry, Wollongong, 2522, NSW, Australia
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31
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Rocha TS, Sales EA, Beretta M, Oliveira IB. Effects of dredging at Aratu port in All Saints Bay, Brazil: monitoring the metal content in water and sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:394. [PMID: 27270482 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the chemical monitoring of saline water and sediments at Aratu port, All Saints Bay, Brazil, when subjected to a deep dragging process (DDP) over a 2-year period (2010-2012). The aim of this work was to detect which metals had possible deleterious effects on the biota. It analyzed percentage of silt + clay and TOC and metal concentrations (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn) before, during, and after the DDP. The determination of metal concentration in sediments used the following techniques: atomic absorption spectrometer with flame, also with hydrate generation, and cold vapor spectrophotometry. The DDP disturbed the concentrations of metals in sediments and water, but 15 months after the DDP, only Cu and Zn were detectable on the bottom saline water, and 20 months after the DDP, only Zn was detectable in water. This fact indicates that these metals were longer available for absorption by the marine biota with probable deleterious effect. Indeed, studies by others during the DDP in Aratu port, indicated the decrease from 50 to 40 of the number of microalgae species identified. On the other hand, in the sediments, 20 months after the DDP, the concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Hg, returned to the original values, but Ni and Zn did not return to their original values. Comparison with studies by others indicated that the sediments from dredging were inappropriate for disposal at sea. This work indicated that the metals Cu, Ni, and Zn are the most deleterious elements to the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Rocha
- Industrial Engineering Program, Doctoral Program, Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - E A Sales
- Federal University of Bahia, Aristides Novis Street, Nº 2, Federação, Salvador, Bahia, ZIP CODE 40210-630, Brazil
| | - M Beretta
- Federal University of Bahia, Aristides Novis Street, Nº 2, Federação, Salvador, Bahia, ZIP CODE 40210-630, Brazil
| | - I B Oliveira
- Federal University of Bahia, Aristides Novis Street, Nº 2, Federação, Salvador, Bahia, ZIP CODE 40210-630, Brazil
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32
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Ribeiro LF, Eça GF, Barros F, Hatje V. Impacts of shrimp farming cultivation cycles on macrobenthic assemblages and chemistry of sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 211:307-315. [PMID: 26774777 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a shrimp farm cultivation cycle in the composition of sediments and on the structure of macrobenthic assemblages. Concentrations of nutrients, Zn and Cu were significantly higher in impact than control areas. In general, the level of contaminants was highest during the harvesting period and in sites closest to the discharge of effluents. Abundances and number of taxa of benthic invertebrates were at least one order of magnitude smaller in impacted areas than in controls. The structure of the benthic assemblages was significantly different at these two treatments. The combined use of biological and chemical data showed to be efficient to provide precise answers regarding the extent of impacts caused by shrimp cultivation. The results provide the basis for a better understanding of impacts of this activity and can subsidize the development of better management practices for coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa F Ribeiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Gilmara F Eça
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Barros
- Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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33
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Souza IS, Araujo GS, Cruz ACF, Fonseca TG, Camargo JBDA, Medeiros GF, Abessa DMS. Using an integrated approach to assess the sediment quality of an estuary from the semi-arid coast of Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 104:70-82. [PMID: 26892205 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Jundiaí-Potengi Estuary (JPE) on the semi-arid coast of Brazil is influenced by multiple sources of pollution. Sediment quality at 10 JPE sites was evaluated through an integrated approach. Rainy and dry seasons were considered. Collected sediments were analyzed for texture, metal, nitrogen, phosphorus concentrations, and toxicity to invertebrates. Geochemical and ecotoxicological data were integrated using qualitative approaches and multivariate techniques. We observed decreased sediment quality in both seasons, particularly in the mid-estuary. In the dry season, the contamination-toxicity relationship was clearer, as hydrological conditions favor contaminant retention within the estuary. Rainy season conditions were found to be worse, since stormwater drainage from agricultural and urban areas carries the contamination into the estuary. Because of the contamination sources and dissolved and particle-bound metal transport, contamination and toxicity did not correlate as clearly in the rainy season. The results suggest that unmeasured contaminants are contributing to JPE sediment degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanildo Surini Souza
- Ceará Federal University - UFC, Institute of Marine Sciences, Av. Abolição, 3207, Fortaleza, CE 60165-081, Brazil; Rio Grande do Norte Federal Institute for Science and Technology Education - IFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 1559, Natal, RN 59015-000, Brazil.
| | - Giuliana Seraphim Araujo
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n., São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Feitosa Cruz
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n., São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Tainá Garcia Fonseca
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n., São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil; Centre for Marine and Environmental Research - CIMA, Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCT), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | | | - Guilherme Fulgêncio Medeiros
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 1524, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Denis M S Abessa
- Ceará Federal University - UFC, Institute of Marine Sciences, Av. Abolição, 3207, Fortaleza, CE 60165-081, Brazil; São Paulo State University - UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n., São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil
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34
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Campos BG, Cruz ACF, Buruaem LM, Rodrigues APC, Machado WTV, Abessa DMS. Using a tiered approach based on ecotoxicological techniques to assess the ecological risks of contamination in a subtropical estuarine protected area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 544:564-573. [PMID: 26674685 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to assess the ecological risks of sediments from the northern portion of an estuarine protected area (Cananéia-Iguape-Peruíbe Protected Area--CIP-PA). The CIP-PA is located on the southern coast of São Paulo State, Brazil and is influenced by former mining activities along the Ribeira de Iguape River (RIR). We used a tiered approach based on multiple lines of evidence (geochemical analyses, toxicity tests, and whole sediment toxicity identification and evaluation) in order to assess environmental quality. The sediments presented a heterogeneous composition, but the samples collected close to the RIR exhibited higher concentrations of metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb) and toxicity. Multivariate analysis showed that toxicity was associated with metals, mud, organic matter, and CaCO3 quantities. The whole-sediment toxicity identification evaluation approach indicated that ammonia and metals were responsible for sediment toxicity. Overall, we concluded that the sediments collected at depositional areas from the northern portion of the CIP-PA presented high levels of metals, which originated from former mining areas located in the upper RIR basin, and that this contamination had toxic effects on aquatic invertebrates. The tiered approach was useful for identifying the degradation of sediment quality and also for indicating the causes of toxicity. Because the CIP-PA is an important estuarine protected area that is ecologically at risk, large-scale measures are required to control the sources of contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Campos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A C F Cruz
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M Buruaem
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A P C Rodrigues
- Fluminense Federal University (Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF), Department of Geochemistry, CEP: 24020-141 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - W T V Machado
- Fluminense Federal University (Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF), Department of Geochemistry, CEP: 24020-141 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D M S Abessa
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
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35
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Lofrano G, Libralato G, Alfieri A, Carotenuto M. Metals and tributyltin sediment contamination along the Southeastern Tyrrhenian Sea coast. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:399-407. [PMID: 26386429 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic pressures can adversely affect the quality of coastal sediment posing at risk human health and the ecosystem. The Southeastern Tyrrhenian Sea (STS) coast (Italy) is still largely unexplored under this point of view. This study investigated for the first time in the area the seasonal variation and potential impact of selected metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb) and tributyltin (TBT) from sediment samples collected along the STS coast (Casalvelino Marina, Casalvelino Bay, Acciaroli Marina and Acciaroli Bay) in the perspective of Water Framework Directive and Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Data were compared to the contamination background levels of Punta Licosa reference site considering elemental enrichment factors (EFs) and single substance- and mixture-based risk characterisation ratios. Further, data were discussed considering the review of Southern Tyrrhenian Sea sediment quality. Results evidenced an increase of contamination levels from March to October showing that marinas are more impacted than bays. Sediment EFs highlighted that contamination levels were always greater than the reference site like risk characterisation ratios, suggesting the presence of potential threats. The sediment quality database generated after literature review revealed a similar situation for the whole Southern Tyrrhenian Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Lofrano
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis, National Research Council (CNR IMA), C. da S. Loja Z.I. Tito Scalo, I-85050, Potenza Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Campo della Celestia, 2737/B, I-30122, Venice, Italy.
| | - Aniello Alfieri
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Maurizio Carotenuto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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36
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Basile A, Sorbo S, Cardi M, Lentini M, Castiglia D, Cianciullo P, Conte B, Loppi S, Esposito S. Effects of heavy metals on ultrastructure and Hsp70 induction in Lemna minor L. exposed to water along the Sarno River, Italy. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 114:93-101. [PMID: 25618632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of freshwater pollution in the highly contaminated river Sarno (Campania, Southern Italy) have been evaluated using bags containing the aquatic plant Lemna minor (Lemnacee, Arales), in order to determine morpho-physiological modifications as a response to pollutants. The exposition of Lemna bags for 7 days on three different sites along the river path showed alterations in chloroplasts and vacuoles shape and organization. Moreover, some specimens were exposed in vitro at the same heavy metal (HM) concentrations measured in the polluted sites of the river, and compared with data from the bag experiment; to verify the dose and time dependent effects, samples were exposed to HM in vitro at concentrations ranging from 10(-6) to 10(-4)M up to 7 days. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations on in vitro plants confirmed that ultrastructural alterations affected most of plastids and the shape of different subcellular structures, namely vacuoles; in in vitro stressed specimens, Heat Shock Proteins 70 (Hsp70) levels changed, in dependence of changing levels of HM measured in different sites along the river path. Thus L. minor exhibited a possible correlation between the levels of HM pollution and Hsp70 occurrence; interestingly, the data presented showed that copper specifically increased Hsp70 levels at concentrations detected in polluted river waters, whereas cadmium and lead did not; on the other side, the latter represent highly toxic elements when specimens were exposed to higher levels in vitro. The effects of specific elements in vitro are compared to those observed in bags exposed along the river path; thus results are examined in order to propose L. minor as an organism able to be utilized to monitor heavy metals pollution; the possibility of using Hsp70s as specific markers of HM pollution is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Basile
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Italy
| | - S Sorbo
- Ce.S.M.A, Microscopy Section, University of Naples Federico II, Via Foria 223, I-80139 Napoli, Italy
| | - M Cardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Italy
| | - M Lentini
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Italy
| | - D Castiglia
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Italy; Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources - CNR - UOS Portici - Via Università 133, I-80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - P Cianciullo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Italy
| | - B Conte
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio - Via Port'Arsa 11 - 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - S Loppi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, I- 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - S Esposito
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Italy.
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