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Ni J, Zhang Y, Zhai S, Xiong H, Ming Y, Ma Y. Preparation of valine-curcumin conjugate and its in vitro antibacterial and antitumor activity and in vivo biological effects on American eels (Anguilla rostrata). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109615. [PMID: 38719095 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur) exhibits diverse natural pharmacological activities, despite its limited water solubility (hydrophobicity) and low bioavailability. In this investigation, a valine-curcumin conjugate (Val-Cur) was synthesized through amino acid side chain modification, and its solubility increased to 1.78 mg/mL. In vitro experimental findings demonstrated that the antibacterial activity of Val-Cur against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus was significantly superior to that of Cur. The inhibition rate of Val-Cur against HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) cells was higher than that of Cur at low concentrations (below 25 μmol/L), although the IC50 value of Val-Cur did not differ significantly from that of Cur. In vivo biological effects of Val-Cur were assessed by adding it into the feed (150 mg/kg) of American eels (Anguilla rostrata). Val-Cur significantly improved the growth performance (↑weight gain rate, ↑specific growth rate, and ↓feed conversion rate) and activities of intestinal digestive enzymes (amylase and lipase) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase) in American eels. Additionally, Val-Cur significantly improved serum biochemical indices (↑high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ↓low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ↓aspartate and alanine aminotransferases). Furthermore, Val-Cur increased intestinal microbial diversity, reduced the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria (Spiroplasma, Clostridium, and Pseudomonas), and elevated the abundance of beneficial digestion-promoting bacteria (Romboutsia, Phyllobacterium, Romboutsia sedimentorum, and Clostridium butyricum) conducive to glucose metabolism (P < 0.05). To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to explore water-soluble curcumin in aquaculture, and the findings will lay the groundwork for the potential application of water-soluble curcumin in the field of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Shaowei Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hejian Xiong
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Yanlin Ming
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, 361002, China.
| | - Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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2
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Tahir R, Samra, Afzal F, Liang J, Yang S. Novel protective aspects of dietary polyphenols against pesticidal toxicity and its prospective application in rice-fish mode: A Review. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109418. [PMID: 38301811 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The rice fish system represents an innovative and sustainable approach to integrated farming, combining rice cultivation with fish rearing in the same ecosystem. However, one of the major challenges in this system is the pesticidal pollution resulting from various sources, which poses risks to fish health and overall ecosystem balance. In recent years, dietary polyphenols have emerged as promising bioactive compounds with potential chemo-preventive and therapeutic properties. These polyphenols, derived from various plant sources, have shown great potential in reducing the toxicity of pesticides and improving the health of fish within the rice fish system. This review aims to explore the novel aspects of using dietary polyphenols to mitigate pesticidal toxicity and enhance fish health in the rice fish system. It provides comprehensive insights into the mechanisms of action of dietary polyphenols and their beneficial effects on fish health, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and detoxification properties. Furthermore, the review discusses the potential application methods of dietary polyphenols, such as direct supplementation in fish diets or through incorporation into the rice fields. By understanding the interplay between dietary polyphenols and pesticides in the rice fish system, researchers can develop innovative and sustainable strategies to promote fish health, minimize pesticide impacts, and ensure the long-term viability of this integrated farming approach. The information presented in this review will be valuable for scientists, aqua-culturists, and policymakers aiming to implement eco-friendly and health-enhancing practices in the rice fish system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Tahir
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China; Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Samra
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Fozia Afzal
- Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ji Liang
- School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, 11800, Malaysia
| | - Song Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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Horak I, Horn S, Pieters R. The benefit of using in vitro bioassays to screen agricultural samples for oxidative stress: South Africa's case. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2023; 58:689-710. [PMID: 37814453 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2264739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Applied pesticides end up in non-target environments as complex mixtures. When bioavailable, these chemicals pose a threat to living organisms and can induce oxidative stress (OS). In this article, attention is paid to OS and the physiological role of the antioxidant defense system. South African and international literature was reviewed to provide extensive evidence of pesticide-induced OS in non-target organisms, in vivo and in vitro. Although in vitro approaches are used internationally, South African studies have only used in vivo methods. Considering ethical implications, the authors support the use of in vitro bioassays to screen environmental matrices for their OS potential. Since OS responses are initiated and measurable at lower cellular concentrations compared to other toxicity endpoints, in vitro OS bioassays could be used as an early warning sign for the presence of chemical mixtures in non-target environments. Areas of concern in the country could be identified and prioritized without using animal models. The authors conclude that it will be worthwhile for South Africa to include in vitro OS bioassays as part of a battery of tests to screen environmental matrices for biological effects. This will facilitate the development and implementation of biomonitoring programs to safeguard the South African environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilzé Horak
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Suranie Horn
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Rialet Pieters
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Eldesoqui M, Ahmed ME, Abdel-Kareem MA, Badawy MM, Dawood AF, Mohamed AS, Ibrahim AM, El-Mansi AA, El-Sherbiny M, Hendawy M. Curcumin Mitigates Malathion-Induced Renal Injury: Suppression of Apoptosis and Modulation of NF-κβ/TNF-α and Nrf2, and HO-1 Signaling. Metabolites 2023; 13:1117. [PMID: 37999213 PMCID: PMC10673029 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Malathion is one of the most used organophosphorus pesticides that is used for many reasons such as agriculture and industry. Human exposure to malathion may occur through various means, such as eating food that has been treated with it. Malathion not only increases oxidative stress but also decreases the antioxidant capacity. Curcumin is a powerful antioxidant with many pharmacological actions. Curcumin can act as a free radical scavenger and inhibit the activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Curcumin could combat the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant depletion that trigger the apoptotic pathways. This study aims to examine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects of curcumin. Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups (six rats each): control, curcumin, malathion, and malathion + curcumin groups. At the assigned time, blood samples were used for the assessment of serum creatinine, and the kidneys were excised and washed; parts of them were used for the assessment of total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione (GSH) activity, other parts were fixed in formalin for further staining. Histopathological evaluation was performed for the fixed specimens after staining with H&E, sirus red, and the immunohistochemical staining for NF-κβ, TNF-α, Caspase-3, Nrf2, and HO-1. Curcumin significantly decreases the serum creatinine after malathion exposure and significantly restores the oxidant/antioxidant balance by increasing TAC and GSH and decreasing TOS, OSI, and MDA. Curcumin exerts its reno-protective effect and restores the histological architecture of the kidney by downregulating the immune expression of NF-κβ, TNF-α, and Caspase-3 and upregulating the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. This study concluded that curcumin protects against nephrotoxicity caused by malathion by exerting its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh Eldesoqui
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.E.); (M.E.A.); (M.H.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Magda E. Ahmed
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.E.); (M.E.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Mona A. Abdel-Kareem
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh P.O. Box 33516, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Moharram Badawy
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Amal Fahmy Dawood
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdelaty Shawky Mohamed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ateya Megahed Ibrahim
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said P.O. Box 42511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. El-Mansi
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamad El-Sherbiny
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.E.); (M.E.A.); (M.H.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud Hendawy
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.E.); (M.E.A.); (M.H.)
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Wang YX, Xu SF, Wang YW, Jiang YX, Qin QW, Wei SN. Curcumin Alleviates Singapore Grouper Iridovirus-Induced Intestine Injury in Orange-Spotted Grouper ( Epinephelus coioides). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1584. [PMID: 37627579 PMCID: PMC10452002 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) is a new ranavirus species in the Iridoviridae family, whose high lethality and rapid spread have resulted in enormous economic losses for the aquaculture industry. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound, has been proven to possess multiple biological activities, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. This study was conducted to determine whether curcumin protected orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) from SGIV-induced intestinal damage by affecting the inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and intestinal microbiota. Random distribution of healthy orange-spotted groupers (8.0 ± 1.0 cm and 9.0 ± 1.0 g) into six experimental groups (each group with 90 groupers): Control, DMSO, curcumin, SGIV, DMSO + SGIV, and curcumin + SGIV. The fish administered gavage received DMSO dilution solution or 640 mg/L curcumin every day for 15 days and then were injected intraperitoneally with SGIV 24 h after the last gavage. When more than half of the groupers in the SGIV group perished, samples from each group were collected for intestinal health evaluation. Our results showed that curcumin significantly alleviated intestine damage and repaired intestinal barrier dysfunction, which was identified by decreased intestine permeability and serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity and increased expressions of tight junction proteins during SGIV infection. Moreover, curcumin treatment suppressed intestinal cells apoptosis and inflammatory response caused by SGIV and protected intestinal cells from oxidative injury by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which was related to the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. Moreover, we found that curcumin treatment restored the disruption of the intestinal microbiota caused by SGIV infection. Our study provided a theoretical basis for the functional development of curcumin in aquaculture by highlighting the protective effect of curcumin against SGIV-induced intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xuan Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
| | - Sui-Feng Xu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
| | - Ye-Wen Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
| | - Yun-Xiang Jiang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
| | - Qi-Wei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 528478, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Shi-Na Wei
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-X.W.); (S.-F.X.); (Y.-W.W.); (Y.-X.J.)
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Hussain OA, Hathout AS, Abdel-Mobdy YE, Rashed M, Abdel Rahim E, Fouzy A. Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from agricultural wastes and their ability to remove chlorpyrifos from water. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:146-154. [PMID: 36714465 PMCID: PMC9879729 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate insecticide linked to neurological dysfunctions, endocrine disturbance, cardiovascular illness, genotoxicity, histopathological abnormalities, immunotoxicity, and oxidative stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to prepare activated carbon from agricultural waste to adsorb and remove chlorpyrifos from aqueous solutions, as well as to study the physicochemical characteristics of the prepared activated carbon.Activated carbon was prepared from agricultural waste (banana peels, orange peels, pomegranate peels and date stones). The activated carbon prepared showed an exterior surface that was irregular and full of cavities with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) surface areas of 94.26, 111.75, 183.89, and 289.86 m2/g for activated carbon prepared from orange peels, date stone, pomegranate peels, and banana peels respectively. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image revealed that the activated carbon's exterior surface was irregular and full of various shapes and sizes of cavities.The Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) indicated the existence of carbon, oxygen, silicon and potassium in banana peels-derived activated carbon, whereas carbon, oxygen, silicon and potassium, in addition to aluminium, were detected in the pomegranate peels-derived activated carbon. The Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of prepared activated carbon revealed several functional groups, including carboxylic acid, carbon dioxide, and aromatic compounds. Results also showed that the activated carbon significantly removed chlorpyrifos from water, recording 97.6%, 90.6%, 71.48%, and 52.00 % for activated carbon prepared from pomegranate peels, banana peels, date stones and orange peels, respectively. The study concluded that agricultural waste-derived activated carbon could be employed as an alternative pesticide adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omaima A. Hussain
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal S. Hathout
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmin E. Abdel-Mobdy
- Entomology and Pesticides Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - M.M. Rashed
- Chemical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - E.A. Abdel Rahim
- Chemical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - A.S.M. Fouzy
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
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Dietary Strategies to Modulate the Health Condition and Immune Responses in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Juveniles Following Intestinal Inflammation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12213019. [PMID: 36359143 PMCID: PMC9657010 DOI: 10.3390/ani12213019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Feed additives are known to have biological proprieties that can improve fish health. This work assessed the effect of two feed additives (Phaeodactylum tricornutum extracts rich in β-glucans and curcumin) on the gilthead seabream health condition, and its modulatory effects following dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) administration as a chemical inducer of intestinal inflammation. While minor immune-enhancing changes were observed among fish fed dietary treatments at the end of the feeding trial, after the inflammatory stimulus, the feed additives were able to alleviate, to some extent, the DSS-induced effects at both the intestinal and systemic levels. Abstract Several feed additives have proved to be beneficial in eliciting fish health. Β-glucans and curcumin are compounds with immunomodulatory capacities known to increase growth performance, stimulate immunity, improve general health, and enhance disease resistance in fish. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary Phaeodactylum tricornutum extracts rich in β-glucans and curcumin on gilthead seabream health status prior to and following an intestinal inflammatory stimulus. Three experimental diets were formulated: a practical commercial-type diet (CTRL), a CTRL diet supplemented with 1% microalgae-derived β-glucans extract (BG), and a CTRL diet supplemented with 0.2% of curcumin (CUR). After 30 days of the feeding trial, fish were sampled and subjected to an oral administration of 1% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) to induce intestinal inflammation. Four groups were considered: a group of fish continued to be fed on the CTRL diet while the remaining groups were exposed to DSS, including CTRL-D (CTRL + DSS), BG-D (BG + DSS), and CUR-D (CUR + DSS), for 6 days. Growth, plasma and gut humoral immunity, liver and gut oxidative stress biomarkers, and intestinal gene expression were evaluated. No significant differences were found in growth after 30 days of feeding; however, seabream fed BG had decreased anti-protease activity and nitric oxide concentration in plasma while those fed CUR had increased mRNA levels of the tnfα, csf1r, and hep genes compared to those fed CTRL. After the inflammatory stimulus, hematocrit was enhanced in fish fed BG-D and CUR-D while red blood cell counts increased in those fed CTRL-D. Superoxide dismutase activity decreased in the intestine of all DSS groups while lipid peroxidation increased in the gut of fish fed CTRL-D and BG-D compared to CTRL. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of csfr1 and sod decreased in fish fed CTRL-D and BG-D compared to CTRL, respectively. Despite the mild intestinal inflammatory condition induced by DSS, CUR was able to partially ameliorate its effects, improving the hematological profile and assisting against the oxidative stress.
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Zhou C, Huang Z, Lin H, Ma Z, Wang J, Wang Y, Yu W. Rhizoma curcumae Longae ameliorates high dietary carbohydrate-induced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation in golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:31-42. [PMID: 36038103 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In general, starch, as a complex carbohydrate, is the most economical energy source in aquaculture for its relatively low cost. However, excessive dietary levels of carbohydrate result in pathological conditions. An 8-week feeding trial with CT (control diet, containing 21% carbohydrate), HC (a high-carbohydrate diet, containing 50% carbohydrate) and HCR (a HC diet supplemented with 0.015% Rhizoma curcumae Longae) was performed to investigate the protective effect of curcumin on high-carbohydrate-induced hepatic oxidative stress and intestine lesion in juvenile Trachinotus ovatus. In the current study, HC group significantly decreased WGR, SGR, plasma CAT activity, intestinal C4 levels, hepatic Nrf2, Keap1, Bach1, HO1, CAT, and GPX mRNA expression as well as ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-3, TGF-β mRNA transcription levels, while the opposite was true for plasma AST activity, hepatic MDA contents, intestinal Claudin-15, NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA expression. In contrast with the HC group, the HCR group significantly increased the activities of hepatic CAT, SOD, intestinal C3, C4, IgG and LZM levels, hepatic Nrf2, Bach1, CAT, and GPX mRNA expression as well as intestinal ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-3, TGF-β and IL-10 mRNA expression levels, but the opposite trend was found in plasma triglyceride content, hepatic lipid deposition, hepatic Keap1 mRNA level as well as intestinal NF-κB, IL-6. In conclusion, high-carbohydrate diet can cause detrimental effect on physiological health status in Trachinotus ovatus, while adding Rhizoma curcumae Longae can improve hepatic and intestinal health status via attenuating the oxidative stress, inflammation, and reducing lipid deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanpeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, 518121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Heizhao Lin
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, 518121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, PR China.
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524025, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Wei Yu
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, 518121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, PR China
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Abdel-Tawwab M, Eissa ESH, Tawfik WA, Abd Elnabi HE, Saadony S, Bazina WK, Ahmed RA. Dietary curcumin nanoparticles promoted the performance, antioxidant activity, and humoral immunity, and modulated the hepatic and intestinal histology of Nile tilapia fingerlings. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:585-601. [PMID: 35380335 PMCID: PMC9156469 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigated the effects of dietary curcumin nanoparticles (C-NPs) on the performance, hemato-biochemical profile, digestive enzymes activities, antioxidant status, humoral immunity, and liver and intestinal histology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish (4.3 ± 0.5 g) were fed with diets enriched with 0.0 (control), 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg C-NPs/kg diet up to apparent satiety thrice a day for 60 days. The growth-stimulating effects of dietary C-NPs were significantly observed in terms of final weight, weight gain %, specific growth rate, and feed intake. Compared with the control group, serum amylase, lipase, and proteases activities of Nile tilapia significantly (P < 0.05) increased alongside the increase in dietary levels of C-NPs in a dose-dependent manner. The counts of red blood cells and white blood cells as well as hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of Nile tilapia fed with 30-60 mg C-NPs/kg diet were statistically (P < 0.05) higher than fish in the control group with no significant differences among them (P > 0.05). Moreover, lymphocytes and monocytes significantly (P > 0.05) increased; meanwhile neutrophils significantly (P > 0.05) decreased as C-NPs levels in diets increased. In a similar trend, antioxidant (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and humoral immunity (lysozyme and total immunoglobulin) biomarkers were significantly higher in C-NPs-fed fish. Liver histology showed improvements in the cell architecture of fish fed with C-NPs containing diets up to 45 mg/kg diet. Compared with the control diet, feeding Nile tilapia with C-NPs diets resulted in a higher villi length/width and absorption area. According to the regression curves, the current study recommends using the dietary C-NP with optimum values of 45-55 mg/kg diet to improve the performance, digestive enzymes, antioxidant activities, and immunity response of Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab
- Department of Fish Biology and Ecology, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Agriculture Research Center, Abbassa, Abo-Hammad, Sharqia, Egypt
| | | | - Wesam A. Tawfik
- Holding Co. for Biological Products and Vaccines, Giza, Egypt
- Naqaa Nanotechnology Network NNN, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba E. Abd Elnabi
- Department of Fish Resources and Aquaculture, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Saadea Saadony
- Department of Animal Production and Fish Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Walaa K. Bazina
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ragaa A. Ahmed
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fish and Fisheries Technology, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
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10
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Modulatory Effect of Papaya Extract against Chlorpyrifos-Induced Oxidative Stress, Immune Suppression, Endocrine Disruption, and DNA Damage in Female Clarias gariepinus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084640. [PMID: 35457505 PMCID: PMC9032737 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the widely used organophosphorus pesticides in agriculture activities and its presence in the aquatic environment has been broadly recorded. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CPF exposure on oxidative stress, innate immunity, sexual hormones, and DNA integrity of female African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, in addition to the potential use of dietary supplementation of papaya, Carica papaya (CP), extract against CPF toxicity. Apparent healthy female catfish (300 ± 10 g) were divided into four groups with three replicates each. The first group served as the negative control (fed on a basal diet) and the other groups exposed to CPF (8.75 µg/L) with or without CP extract (250 mg/kg body weight) for six weeks. The results revealed that CPF exposure exhibited marked elevations in stress markers (glucose and cortisol), serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase activities, testosterone, and luteinizing hormone level. Moreover, CPF increased the percentage of hepatic DNA damage. In addition, catfish exposed to CPF experienced significant decline in serum total protein, albumin, follicles stimulating hormone, estradiol hormone levels, AChE, immunoglobulin, and lysozyme activity. CPF induced significantly oxidative stress in hepatic and renal tissues. The dietary supplementation with CP extract at a level of 250 mg/kg body weight succeeded to alleviate the negative effects of CPF on the physiological, immunological, and antioxidant status of female catfish. In addition, CP extract alleviated the endocrine disruption and hepatic DNA damage and counteracted the subchronic CPF toxicity in female African catfish. Finally, the CP extract may be used as a feed additive in the aquatic diet.
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11
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Moradi S, Javanmardi S, Gholamzadeh P, Tavabe KR. The ameliorative role of ascorbic acid against blood disorder, immunosuppression, and oxidative damage of oxytetracycline in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:201-213. [PMID: 35059978 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was aimed to determine the possible beneficial effects of dietary ascorbic acid (AA) on hematological indices, immune responses, and antioxidative capacity of Oncorhynchus mykiss treated with antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC). A total of 150 fish were divided evenly among five experimental groups (30 fish of each, in 3 replicates) receiving diets containing OTC (0 and 100 mg per kg fish weight) and AA (100, 200, 400, and 800 mg per kg fish diet) for 28 days. Treatments include group A or control (100 mg AA without OTC), group B (100 mg AA with OTC), group C (200 mg AA with OTC), group D (400 mg AA with OTC), and group E (800 mg AA with OTC). The results obtained showed that the hematological indices (red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and neutrophils), immunological parameters (plasma lysozyme, plasma complement, and skin mucus alkaline phosphatase activities), and antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were significantly decreased by OTC in O. mykiss fed control diet (P < 0.05). The results also revealed that OTC significantly increased the activity of biochemical enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) in the plasma of O. mykiss fed control diet (P < 0.05). However, in comparison to the control diet, feeding fish with higher amounts of AA (400 and 800 mg/kg diet) significantly restored the hematological, immunological, and antioxidative responses in OTC-treated groups (p < 0.05). These findings show that the dietary supplementation of AA at 400 or 800 mg/kg diet is beneficial in relieving O. mykiss from OTC-induced oxidative stress and immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Moradi
- Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, 131 Chamran Avenue, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sina Javanmardi
- Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, 131 Chamran Avenue, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Pooria Gholamzadeh
- Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, 131 Chamran Avenue, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kamran Rezaei Tavabe
- Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, 131 Chamran Avenue, Karaj, Iran
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12
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Mişe Yonar S, Yonar ME, Ural MŞ, Pala A. Effect of chlorpyrifos on some biochemical changes in Cyprinus carpio: the protective effect of ellagic acid. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2860-2865. [PMID: 34886726 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2011311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, ameliorative effects of ellagic acid (EA) on oxidative stress induced by chlorpyrifos (CPF) in carp, Cyprinus carpio, were investigated. Fish were divided into six groups: C (no treatment), EA (100 mg kg fish-1), CPF-1 (0.040 mg L-1), CPF-2 (0.080 mg L-1), CPF-1 + EA, and CPF-2 + EA. CPF and EA were applied simultaneously for 14 days and, at the end of the study, liver, kidney, and gill samples were collected from fish. On the taken tissue samples, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and some antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)) activities were evaluated. The results demonstrated statistically significant increases in the MDA levels of the CPF-1 and CPF-2 groups. On the other hand, the MDA levels were significantly decreased by EA administration. Also, CPF exposure caused statistically significant increases in the SOD and GST activities and statistically significant decreases in the CAT and GPx activities. However, treatment with EA reversed negative alterations in the SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST activities. Therefore, the results of this study results showed that simultaneous treatment with EA alleviates CPF-induced oxidative stress in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ayşegül Pala
- Faculty of Fisheries, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
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13
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Hanachi P, Karbalaei S, Yu S. Combined polystyrene microplastics and chlorpyrifos decrease levels of nutritional parameters in muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:64908-64920. [PMID: 34319527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) is a major contaminant in the aquatic environment. In addition to the physical threats posed by microplastic ingestion, their potential as a vector for the transport of hydrophobic pollutants is required to be adequately addressed. This study examined the effects of polystyrene microplastics individually or combined with chlorpyrifos insecticide on nutritional parameters in muscle of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss). Fish were exposed to individual polystyrene microplastic concentrations (30 or 300 μg/L), or individual chlorpyrifos concentrations (2 or 6 μg/L), and their combination at similar concentrations of chlorpyrifos and microplastics. Results showed individual polystyrene microplastics had minimal effects on amino acid and fatty acid composition and no effect on protein contents of fish muscle. However, significant alterations in amino acid and fatty acid composition, and protein contents, were observed in combined polystyrene microplastics and chlorpyrifos groups. These findings suggested that polystyrene microplastics cause toxicity and increase the adverse effects of chlorpyrifos on the muscle of fish. This investigation provided evidence toward low nutritional value of farmed or wild fish muscle that grows in areas with high concentrations of microplastics and pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Hanachi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Karbalaei
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sujuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China
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14
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Aslanturk A, Kalender Y. Methomyl-induced nephrotoxicity and protective effect of curcumin in male rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:1003-1012. [PMID: 34733485 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the ameliorative effect of the curcumin against methomyl-induced potential nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino male rats. In the present study, curcumin (100 mg kg-1 bw), methomyl (0,8 mg kg-1 bw) and methomyl plus curcumin were given to rats by oral for 28 days (for subacute examination). Concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and creatinine in serum and malondialdehyde level and activities of antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S transferase) and histopathological alterations in kidney tissues were studied. Methomyl caused an increment in the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid and MDA levels. In addition, methomyl caused a diminution in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S transferase. Tubular and glomerular degenerations occurred in the kidney tissues of methomyl-received rats. However, coadministration of curcumin with methomyl significantly minimized the adverse effects of methomyl on kidney function parameters, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities and histological structure of kidney tissue. The results showed that curcumin significantly mitigated methomyl-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Aslanturk
- Vocational High School of Health Se rvices, Gazi University, Ankara 06830, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Kalender
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, Turkey
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15
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Weeks Santos S, Gonzalez P, Cormier B, Mazzella N, Moreira A, Clérandeau C, Morin B, Cachot J. Subchronic Exposure to Environmental Concentrations of Chlorpyrifos Affects Swimming Activity of Rainbow Trout Larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:3092-3102. [PMID: 34329515 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphorous pesticide, can be found in aquatic ecosystems at concentrations of up to several hundred nanograms per liter because of water runoff from treated crops. While some studies have shown that low concentrations of CPF may have adverse effects on aquatic species, comparatively little is known about its effect on fish embryos and larvae. To investigate the developmental effects of CPF, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eyed-stage embryos were exposed in semistatic conditions to 0.3 and 3 µg/L of CPF up to the end of the sac-fry stage, 3 weeks, at 12 °C. Several endpoints were analyzed including survival, hatching delay, hatching success, biometry, swimming activity, DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and gene expression. At the end of the 3-week exposure, larvae exposed to the highest concentration of CPF were less mobile compared to the control and the lowest CPF conditions. No significant differences in AChE activity were observed in either set of CPF conditions compared to control, but it was significantly reduced for larvae exposed to 3 µg/L compared to those exposed to 0.3 µg/L of CPF. Expression of genes that encoded estrogen receptor beta was downregulated for larvae exposed to both CPF concentrations. Expression of cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 was also significantly repressed but only on larvae exposed to the highest concentration of CPF. Our results indicated that subchronic exposure to environmental concentrations of CPF could lead to sublethal effects on early-life stages of rainbow trout, especially effects on swimming activity that could affect foraging activity and escaping from predators. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3092-3102. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Weeks Santos
- University of Bordeaux, UMR5805 CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE, Pessac, France
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- University of Bordeaux, UMR5805 CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE, Pessac, France
| | - Bettie Cormier
- University of Bordeaux, UMR5805 CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE, Pessac, France
| | - Nicolas Mazzella
- French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Site de Cestas, Cestas-Gazinet, France
| | - Aurélie Moreira
- French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Site de Cestas, Cestas-Gazinet, France
| | | | - Bénédicte Morin
- University of Bordeaux, UMR5805 CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE, Pessac, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- University of Bordeaux, UMR5805 CNRS University of Bordeaux EPHE, Pessac, France
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16
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Naser Ettish M, Abuzalat O, Wong D, El‐Sayyad GS, Elsayed MA. Adsorption isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies of O,O‐diethyl‐O‐(3,5,6‐trichloropyridin‐2‐yl) phosphorothioate (chlorpyrifos) on cinnamon verum–based activated carbon. INT J CHEM KINET 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Naser Ettish
- Chemical Engineering Department Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah Cairo Egypt
| | - Osama Abuzalat
- Chemical Engineering Department Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah Cairo Egypt
| | - Danny Wong
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Gharieb S. El‐Sayyad
- Drug Microbiology Laboratory Drug Radiation Research Department National Center for Radiation Research and Technology Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Elsayed
- Chemical Engineering Department Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah Cairo Egypt
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17
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El-Nahhal Y, El-Nahhal I. Cardiotoxicity of some pesticides and their amelioration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:44726-44754. [PMID: 34231153 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are used to control pests that harm plants, animals, and humans. Their application results in the contamination of the food and water systems. Pesticides may cause harm to the human body via occupational exposure or the ingestion of contaminated food and water. Once a pesticide enters the human body, it may create health consequences such as cardiotoxicity. There is not enough information about pesticides that cause cardiotoxicity in the literature. Currently, there are few reports that summarized the cardiotoxicity due to some pesticide groups. This necessitates reviewing the current literature regarding pesticides and cardiotoxicity and to summarize them in a concrete review. The objectives of this review article were to summarize the advances in research related to pesticides and cardiotoxicity, to classify pesticides into certain groups according to cardiotoxicity, to discuss the possible mechanisms of cardiotoxicity, and to present the agents that ameliorate cardiotoxicity. Approximately 60 pesticides were involved in cardiotoxicity: 30, 13, and 17 were insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, respectively. The interesting outcome of this study is that 30 and 13 pesticides from toxicity classes II and III, respectively, are involved in cardiotoxicity. The use of standard antidotes for pesticide poisoning shows health consequences among users. Alternative safe medical management is the use of cardiotoxicity-ameliorating agents. This review identifies 24 ameliorating agents that were successfully used to manage 60 cases. The most effective agents were vitamin C, curcumin, vitamin E, quercetin, selenium, chrysin, and garlic extract. Vitamin C showed ameliorating effects in a wide range of toxicities. The exposure mode to pesticide residues, where 1, 2, 3, and 4 are aerial exposure to pesticide drift, home and/or office exposure, exposure due to drinking contaminated water, and consumption of contaminated food, respectively. General cardiotoxicity is represented by 5, whereas 6, 7, 8 and 9 are electrocardiogram (ECG) of hypotension due to exposure to OP residues, ECG of myocardial infraction due to exposure to OPs, ECG of hypertension due to exposure to OC and/or PY, and normal ECG respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser El-Nahhal
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science Faculty of Science, The Islamic University-Gaza, Gaza, Palestine.
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18
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Zhao L, Tang G, Xiong C, Han S, Yang C, He K, Liu Q, Luo J, Luo W, Wang Y, Li Z, Yang S. Chronic chlorpyrifos exposure induces oxidative stress, apoptosis and immune dysfunction in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 282:117010. [PMID: 33848913 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to (a) evaluate the destructive effects of chronic exposure to low-dose of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on antioxidant system and immune function in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and (b) to examine whether dietary supplementation of curcumin can mitigate the adverse effects induced by CPF contamination. The experiment consisted of three groups (with three replicates, 30 fish per replicate) which lasted for 60 days: A control group (without CPF exposure or CU application), CP group (exposed to 0.004 mg/L of CPF), and CU group (exposed to 0.004 mg/L of CPF and fed a diet containing 100 mg curcumin per kg feed). The results showed that CPF contamination leads to reduced weight gain, severe histopathological lesions, decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes and down-regulated expression of antioxidant-related genes. Moreover, CPF upregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as TNF-α, IL-8, IL-15, downregulated anti-inflammatory genes TGF-β1, IL-10, and promoted apoptosis through overexpression of Caspase-3, Caspase-8, caspase-9 and Bax. In addition, curcumin supplementation showed significant improvement in oxidative stress, apoptosis and immune dysfunction, but the improved effect gradually weakened during the exposure last. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis for accumulation of CPF in muscle supported the changes of general physiological structure, excessive apoptotic responses, abnormal antioxidant and immune system functions and posed potential human health risks to children based on target hazard quotient. These results suggested that chronic exposure to CPF can cause oxidative stress, apoptosis and immune dysfunction, and that curcumin have the potential to reduce pesticides residues in fish. This also highlights the importance of monitoring pesticides residues in aquatic products and aquaculture aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liulan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Gang Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Chen Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shuaishuai Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Chunping Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kuo He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Wei Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zhiqiong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Song Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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19
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Fathy SM, Abdelkader IY. Effect of resveratrol on the inflammatory status and oxidative stress in thymus gland and spleen of sulfoxaflor-treated rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1326-1337. [PMID: 33733559 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (Res), a polyphenolic compound that exerts mitigating consequences against various insults due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Sulfoxaflor (SFX), a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been used worldwide and leading to deleterious effects on the environment and public health. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Res on the inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by SFX in the thymus and spleen of rats. Thirty-six Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into six groups; control group, SFX treated groups (24.8 mg/kg or 79.4 mg/kg/day), Res (alone) treated group (20 mg/kg/day), Res + SFX treated groups (20 mg /kg Res + 24.8 mg/kg SFX or 20 mg/kg Res + 79.4 mg/kg SFX) orally for 28 days. Res treatment reversed the significantly elevated white blood cells' count and the reduced count of red blood corpuscles, platelets as well as hemoglobin content of SFX treated rats. Biochemically, Res administration inhibited the remarkably increased serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines as well as thymic and splenic levels of malondialdehyde following SFX treatment. Res treatment ameliorated the conspicuously reduced antioxidant enzymes' activities due to SFX supplementation. The immunomodulatory effect of Res treatment was detected by suppressing the upregulation of the cluster of differentiation (CD)11b and CD3 gene expressions. Histopathological alterations attributed to SFX administration were ameliorated by Res treatment. In conclusion, Res can be used as a protective agent to counteract SFX toxic effects on lymphatic organs through alleviation of the antioxidant defense mechanism and modulation of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah M Fathy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Y Abdelkader
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Faculty of Dentistry, British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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20
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Ashry AM, Hassan AM, Habiba MM, El-Zayat A, El-Sharnouby ME, Sewilam H, Dawood MA. The Impact of Dietary Curcumin on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Antibacterial Capacity, and Haemato-Biochemical Parameters of Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061779. [PMID: 34203579 PMCID: PMC8232219 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In aquaculture, dietary curcumin has been shown to enhance the growth rate, antioxidative status, immunity, and disease resistance of several finfish species. Nevertheless, the potential role of curcumin has not been evaluated in Gilthead seabream as yet. Herein, we tested the effect of dietary curcumin on the growth performance, intestinal antibacterial capacity, and haemato-biochemical parameters of Gilthead seabream. Curcumin was mixed with the basal diet at rates of 0, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3%, then fed to the fish for 150 days. The results indicated marked improvements in the growth performance, feed efficiency, and antibacterial capacity of the fish. Further, curcumin enhanced the hematological indices and regulated the biochemical blood metabolites of Gilthead seabream. Dietary curcumin is recommended at a rate of 2–3% to improve the performance of Gilthead seabream. Abstract The need to replace antibiotics in aquafeed is increasing, and alternative safe substances are now encouraged for sustainable aquaculture activity. Curcumin is regarded as a multifunctional feed additive with growth-promoting and immunostimulant potential. Thus, this study evaluated dietary inclusion of curcumin at rates of 0, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3% in the diets of Gilthead seabream for 150 days. The results showed an improved final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio in fish treated with curcumin, in a dose-dependent manner. The highest growth performance was observed in fish fed a diet supplemented with 3% curcumin. The results also showed lowered activity of pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio spp. and Faecal coliform) in the intestines of Gilthead seabream fed a diet with curcumin inclusion, in a dose-dependent manner. The hematological indices were within the normal range for healthy fish, without meaningful effects except for hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells (RBCs), and white blood cells (WBCs), which were markedly increased by dietary curcumin. Phagocytic activity was obviously enhanced by dietary curcumin, compared with the control. The biochemical blood metabolites related to liver function (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)), renal tissue (urea), and total cholesterol were within the normal values, without significant differences. Overall, the inclusion of curcumin at a rate of 2–3% improved the growth performance and well-being of Gilthead seabream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Ashry
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (A.M.A.); (M.M.H.)
| | - Aziza M. Hassan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.H.); (M.E.E.-S.)
| | - Mahmoud M. Habiba
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (A.M.A.); (M.M.H.)
| | - Ahmed El-Zayat
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed E. El-Sharnouby
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.H.); (M.E.E.-S.)
| | - Hani Sewilam
- The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
- Department of Engineering Hydrology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mahmoud A.O. Dawood
- The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33512, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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21
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Abdo SE, Gewaily MS, Abo-Al-Ela HG, Almeer R, Soliman AA, Elkomy AH, Dawood MAO. Vitamin C rescues inflammation, immunosuppression, and histopathological alterations induced by chlorpyrifos in Nile tilapia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:28750-28763. [PMID: 33548043 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12711-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an extensive environmental contaminant and disrupts the physiological status of living organisms. CPF is found to hinder the health of aquatic organisms and ecological function in aquatic systems. The current study aimed at evaluating the protective effects of vitamin C (VC) on the immune response, hematological parameters, and histopathological alterations in Nile tilapia exposed to CPF. Nile tilapia were exposed to waterborne CPF (15 μg/L) for 30 days. Fish were divided into control group: received basal diet; CPF group: received basal diet and exposed to waterborne CPF; VC group: received basal diet plus 0.8 mg VC/kg; and CPF/VC group: received basal diet plus 0.8 mg VC/kg and exposed to waterborne CPF. Blood samples were taken after 15 days and 30 days of the treatment. Liver, gills, and intestine tissues were collected on the 30th day of treatment. CPF showed a deleterious effect on fish's growth performance; it decreased the weight gain by 6%, while VC increased it by 17-23% compared to the control group. CPF group recorded the lowest survival rate (83%), while VC achieved survivability of 96.7% and 93.3% in VC and CPF/VC groups, respectively. The blood picture revealed moderate changes in the CPF group, where the marked alteration was in the hemoglobin concentration and white blood cells. CPF disrupted the hepatic and renal function. Serum lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity, and phagocytic index displayed a dramatic decline in the CPF group but enhanced in VC and CPF/VC groups. An upregulation was observed in antioxidant genes (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), heat shock protein 70, caspase-3, and the cytokines interleukin 1β, interleukin 8, and interferon-gamma in the CPF group. Simultaneously, moderate or normal levels were shown in the VC and CPF/VC groups. CPF altered the histoarchitecture of gills, intestine, and hepatopancreas with apparent degenerative changes possibly resulted from the oxidative stress. At the same time, VC retained the normal structure of the studied tissues. This study raises concerns about the safety of CPF and its impact on the aquatic environment. VC has a high potential to restore the normal physiology of fish exposed to CPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa E Abdo
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S Gewaily
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Haitham G Abo-Al-Ela
- Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Rafa Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Soliman
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Azza H Elkomy
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
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Deb N, Das S. Acetylcholine esterase and antioxidant responses in freshwater teleost, Channa punctata exposed to chlorpyrifos and urea. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 240:108912. [PMID: 33059086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to understand the toxic effects of two crop protecting agents, organophosphate pesticide, chlorpyrifos (CPF) and fertilizer, urea (U), and their binary mixtures at sublethal concentrations for 28-d in a freshwater fish Channa punctata with a battery of biochemical biomarkers in gill and liver. The study has practical value as such mixtures, so often present together in water in the agro-intensive areas, might be predicted to cause cocktail effects. Both CPF and U inhibited AChE, augmented SOD, CAT, GPx activities, and caused lipid peroxidation and depletion in tissue macromolecules in a concentration and duration-dependent manner. While U alone had less severe effects compared to CPF treatments, complex interactions were observed for three combination doses (1CPF + 1U, 2CPF + 1U, 1CPF + 2U). In their mutual effects, antagonism prevailed over other interactions when CPF and U were in equal proportion in the mixture, while synergism was observed for AchE and key antioxidant enzymes when more U was in the mixture. The present study concluded that urea in water bodies might impart adverse effects in combination with pesticides in non-target aquatic organisms such as fish, and there should be a restriction in its excessive usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobonita Deb
- Aquatic Toxicology and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Suchismita Das
- Aquatic Toxicology and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India.
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Spirina E, Romanova E, Shadyeva L, Romanov V. Effectiveness of the Use of the Adaptogen Trekrezan in the Cultivation of African Catfish. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213700176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing fish in closed water supply installations with a high planting density leads to accumulation of waste products, turning the habitat into toxic. Growing fish in such an environment leads to stress and increases the stress on their liver, which provides the body with detoxification of metabolites. To reduce stress, adaptogens are used, which increase endurance and survival, increase adaptive plasticity, and strengthen the immunity of fish. We used an adaptogen called Trekrezan. The work aim was to study the morphofunctional changes in liver and its microarchitectonics in African catfish grown using Trekrezan. The analysis of morphofunctional changes in liver allows us to judge the general physiological state of fish body. The liver index of African catfish grown without the use of Trekrezan is significantly higher in both males and females, compared to African catfish grown with Trekrezan, which indicates an intensification of metabolism. Analysis of histological structure of African catfish liver (Clarias gariepinus), grown without the use of the Ttrekrezan, revealed abnormalities of the parenchymal layer of liver with signs of fatty dystrophy, signs of necrotic changes in liver cells, hemorrhages in vascular region, a violation of polarity in the structure of hepatocytes. In species raised in an environment with Trekrezan, these abnormalities are absent, since Trekrezan, due to the activation of cellular and humoral immunity, leads to decrease in intoxication, provides strengthening of immunity, and increases the body's resistance to unfavorable factors of medium.
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Pala A, Serdar O, Mişe Yonar S, Yonar ME. Ameliorative effect of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) essential oil on chlorpyrifos toxicity in Cyprinus carpio. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:890-897. [PMID: 32822009 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate pesticide that is frequently and widely used to control both agricultural and domestic pests worldwide. In this study, the protective effect of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) essential oil (FEO) was investigated in carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to CPF. The fish were divided into six groups that one control group (no treatment) and five experimental groups (FEO (3ml/100g diet) group, CPF1 (0.023 mg/l) group CPF2 (0.046 mg/l) group, CPF1 (0.023 mg/l) plus FEO (3ml/100g diet) group, CPF2 (0.046 mg/l) plus FEO (3ml/100g diet) group). Blood and tissue (liver, kidney, gill, and brain) samples were taken from the fish at the end of 14 days of application. Hemoglobin (Hb) level, nitoblue tetrazolium (NBT) activity, and total immunoglobulin (TI) level were measured in blood samples of fish. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was determined in brain tissue while malondialdehyde (MDA) level, reduced glutathione (GSH) level, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were determined in liver, kidney, and gill tissues. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in Hb level, NBT activity, and TI levels in CPF-treated fish compared to the control group. In addition, increased in MDA levels and significant decreases in GSH level, AChE, CAT, and GPx activities were observed in CPF-treated groups. However, FEO-treated was showed a significant improvement in all parameters except AChE activity compared to CPF groups. These study findings showed that FEO could improve CPF-induced toxicity in C. carpio, except inhibition of AChE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Pala
- Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey.
| | - Osman Serdar
- Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Serpil Mişe Yonar
- Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Enis Yonar
- Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Nwani CD, Ejere VC, Madu JC. Toxicity and genotoxic evaluations in African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) exposed to Act Force Gold ®, Butaforce ®, and Atraforce ®. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:262-269. [PMID: 32812158 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Act Force Gold®, Butaforce®, and Atraforce® are among the most commonly used pesticides in Nigeria. The lethal concentrations and the respective toxic units for the three pesticides were determined. The genotoxic effects of the three pesticides were investigated in the red blood cells of Clarias gariepinus using micronucleus (MN) assay. The 96 h LC50 was 4.75, 4.84, and 54.74 mg L-1 for Act Force Gold®, Butaforce®, and Atraforce®, respectively. The toxic units in ascending order of toxicity were 1.83, 20.66, and 21.05 for Act Force Gold®, Butaforce®, and Atraforce® respectively. The estimated safe levels based on NAS/NAE varied from 4.75 × 10-1-4.75 × 10-5 in Act Force Gold® through 4.64 × 10-1-4.85 × 10-5 in Butaforce® to 5.74-5.74 × 10-5 in Atraforce®. Fish specimens were exposed to the pesticides and sampling was done at regular intervals at days 1, 7, 14, and 21 and after another 7-day recovery period. The results obtained indicated concentration- and duration-dependent increase in % MN formation with maximum values of 3.40 ± 0.25 for Act Force Gold® on day 14 and 3.05 ± 0.36 and 2.35 ± 0.14 for Butaforce® and Atraforce® respectively on day 7 of exposure. The 7-day recovery period could not reverse the trend as the % MN values obtained were significantly different from the control. The results further support the use of MN assay in assessing the toxicity of aquatic pollutants and can be used in the monitoring of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent Chikwendu Ejere
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Josephine Chinenye Madu
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Hoseinifar SH, Jahazi MA, Mohseni R, Raeisi M, Bayani M, Mazandarani M, Yousefi M, Van Doan H, Torfi Mozanzadeh M. Effects of dietary fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris) leaves powder on serum and mucus antioxidant defence, immunological responses, antimicrobial activity and growth performance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:959-966. [PMID: 32890760 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A 56-day research was performed to examine the influence of graded levels (0 (control), 0.5, 1 and 2%) of Fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris) leaves powder (FLP) in diet on immune competence and growth of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, initial weight = 20 g). The serum total immunoglobulins content and lysozyme activity in the 1 and 2% FLP groups remarkably increased compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). The skin mucosal lysozyme activity enhanced with increasing dietary FLP level in a dose-response manner. Fish fed on the FLP-supplemented diets had higher skin-mucosal superoxide dismutase activity than the control (P < 0.05). However, serum antioxidant enzymes were not affected by dietary fern (P > 0.05). The serum bactericidal activity against human and fish pathogens increased with enhancing the FLP level in diet against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli (EHEC ATCC 43895), Escherichia coli (CI), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Aeromonas hydrophila. The serum antibacterial activity against Yersinia ruckeri in the 2% FLP group was higher than the other treatments. Furthermore, the serum bactericidal activity against P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) only observed in fish fed on the 1 and 2% FLP-supplemented diets. The skin mucosal bactericidal activity and inhibitory effects increased with enhancing the FLP level in diet against E. coli, K. pneumonia, Y. ruckeri and A. hydrophila in a dose response manner. Moreover, the skin mucosal bactericidal activity against S. aureus only observed in fish fed on 1 and 2% FLP-supplemented diets. The weight gain values in the 1 and 2% FLP groups were higher than the other treatments (P < 0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved with increasing FLP level in diet in a dose-response manner (P < 0.05). By considering serum and mucosal bactericidal activities against different pathogenic bacteria, the supplementation of 2% FLP in diet is recommended for C. carpio during grow-out phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Amin Jahazi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Roghieh Mohseni
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Raeisi
- Food, Drug and Natural products Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahsan Bayani
- Radin Makian Azma Mehr Ltd., Radinmehr Veterinary Laboratory, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mazandarani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh
- Agriculture Research, Education and Extension, South Iran Aquaculture Research Center, Iran Fisheries Science Research Institution (IFSRI), Ahwaz, Iran
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Multi-Biomarker Assessment in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) Liver after Acute Chlorpyrifos Exposure. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12061837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The excessive use of pesticides at different stages of crop production can pose a great danger to the aquatic environment, and particularly to fish. The purpose of the present work was to assess the negative effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on the liver histological architecture and the activities of marker enzymes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758), by applying a multi-biomarker technique. The tested insecticide is categorized as a priority pollutant in surface waters in terms of Directive 2013/39/EU. The carps were exposed to different and environmentally relevant CPF concentrations for 72 h (a short-term acute experiment). The results showed that the tested insecticide alters the liver histological structure, causing degenerative lesions, such as granular and vacuolar degeneration; necrobiotic alterations and necrosis, as well as changes in the circulatory system. In addition, CPF induces changes in the enzymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), cholinesterase (ChE), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT). The results from such experimental set ups could be successfully used in the legislation related to the protection of water bodies from contamination, in areas with intensive application of plant protection products used in agricultural practices, and also in implementing the Water Frame Directive by using multi-biomarker approaches.
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28
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Intake of snacks containing curcumin stimulates erythropoiesis and antioxidant response in dogs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-020-03125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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29
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Bellas J, Gil I. Polyethylene microplastics increase the toxicity of chlorpyrifos to the marine copepod Acartia tonsa. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114059. [PMID: 32004970 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion of microplastics by marine organisms has been well documented, but their interaction with chemical pollutants has not been sufficiently addressed. The aim of this study was to determine the individual and combined effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and polyethylene microplastics (MP) on the survival, fecundity, feeding and egg viability of Acartia tonsa, a calanoid copepod widely distributed in planktonic communities. The median lethal concentration obtained for CPF was higher (LC50 = 1.34 μg/L) than for the combination with MP (LC50 = 0.37 μg/L), or CPF-loaded MP (LC50 = 0.26 μg/L). Significant effects were also observed for feeding and egg production (EC50 = 0.77 and 1.07 μg/L for CPF, 0.03 and 0.05 μg/L for CPF combined with MP, 0.18 and 0.20 μg/L for CPF-loaded MP). No significant effects were observed in the exposure to 'virgin' MP. This study confirms the role of MP as vectors of pollutants to marine organisms and supports the increased availability of certain toxicants carried out by MP. The effects observed in fitness-related responses suggest potential damage to A. tonsa populations. The comparison of the results obtained here with environmental concentrations indicates that the combined exposure to CPF and MP could constitute a risk to A. tonsa in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bellas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Irene Gil
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain
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Wang G, Xiong D, Wu M, Wang L, Yang J. Induction of time- and dose-dependent oxidative stress of triazophos to brain and liver in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 228:108640. [PMID: 31654829 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extensive use of triazophos for the chemical control of pests in agriculture or aquaculture might strongly disturb the aquatic environment due to residue accumulation through various routes like surface run-off, spray-drift and effluent from factories, which have potential negative effects to non-target aquatic organisms. Previous studies have documented the antioxidative effects of triazophos to mammals, however, the oxidative toxicity of triazophos to fish has not been adequately studied to date. Thus, an acute exposure (96 h) to triazophos at different concentrations of 0.06, 0.3 and 1.5 mg/L (corresponding to 1/50th, 1/10th and 1/2th of 96 h-LC50, respectively), was conducted to investigate the triazophos-induced oxidative stress in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). The results showed that the time- and dose-dependent induction of oxidative stress except for the ROS level in liver after 24 and 48 h exposure, as indicated by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) level and a compromised antioxidant defense system, including increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione (GSH) content as well as the increased at first and decreased afterwards genes expression (Sod1, Sod2, Cat and Gpx) in brain. Simultaneously, ROS and MDA showed an increased trend, SOD activity, CAT activity and GSH content showed a trend of increasing at 24 h and decreasing at 48 h, and then increasing at 96 h and Sod1, Sod2, Cat and Gpx gene showed decreasing at first and then increasing in liver tissue. The present study concluded that the damage of the antioxidant system by triazophos induced oxidative stress in the brain and liver of zebrafish with concomitant lipid peroxidation, which is an important mechanism underlying the triazophos-induced acute toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dongmei Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Manni Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
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Evaluation of the Oxidative Stress Status in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Liver Induced by Three Typical Organic UV Filters (BP-4, PABA and PBSA). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17020651. [PMID: 31963911 PMCID: PMC7027007 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Organic UV filters are a kind of emerging pollutants, which have been widely used in personal care products (PCPs). This study evaluated the effects of benzophenone-4 (BP-4), 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), and 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA) on the selected indices of antioxidative responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver. Zebrafish were exposed to two different doses (i.e., 0.5 and 5 mg L-1) of semi-static water with three individual compounds. Liver samples were collected on 7 and 14 days to analyze biochemical indicators, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Oxidative stress occurred in zebrafish liver with significantly changed indicators during the whole exposure period. Different experimental groups could induce or inhibit the activity of antioxidant enzymes with varying degrees. With a prolonged exposure time and increased exposure dose, the hepatic lipid peroxidation was also obviously observed. Moreover, the toxicity order of three organic UV filters was analyzed using the integrated biomarker response (IBR) index and the results indicate that exposure to PABA for 7 days at 0.5 mg L-1 and PBSA for 7 days at 5 mg L-1 induced the most severe oxidative stress in the liver of zebrafish.
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32
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Mişe Yonar S. Growth performance, haematological changes, immune response, antioxidant activity and disease resistance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed diet supplemented with ellagic acid. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:391-398. [PMID: 31676428 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of various levels of dietary ellagic acid (EA) on growth performance, haematological values, immune response, protection against Yersinia ruckeri infection, and oxidant/antioxidant status in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish were fed with the control diet and three different experimental diets containing three graded levels of EA (50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 diet) for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the growth performance [weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR)], haematological values [the red blood cell (RBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, haematocrit (Ht) level and erythrocyte indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)], immune response [white blood cell (WBC) count, oxidative radical production (nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay), phagocytic activity (PA) and phagocytic index (PI), total protein (TP) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, serum bactericidal activity (BA), lysozyme (LYZ) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities] and oxidant/antioxidant status [tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities] were analysed. In addition, fish were challenged by Y. ruckeri and survival rate was recorded for 14 days. In the groups fed with EA the growth parameters such as WG, SGR, and FCR did not vary significantly. The RBC count, Hb concentration, and Ht level increased in the groups fed with EA when compared with the control group. However, there were no significant differences in the MCV, MCH and MCHC values among the groups. The results demonstrated enhancement in all the immunological parameters in the groups fed with EA compared to the control group. The results obtained from challenge with Y. ruckeri revealed reduction in the mortalities in the groups fed with EA. The dietary EA stimulated the SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities in liver, head kidney and spleen as compared to the control group; however, a reverse trend was observed in the MDA levels of tissues. The present study suggest that EA can effectively enhance the haematological values, immune response, antioxidant capacity, and disease resistance in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serpil Mişe Yonar
- Firat University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Elazig, Turkey.
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Awasthi Y, Ratn A, Prasad R, Kumar M, Trivedi A, Shukla JP, Trivedi SP. A protective study of curcumin associated with Cr 6+ induced oxidative stress, genetic damage, transcription of genes related to apoptosis and histopathology of fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 71:103209. [PMID: 31207396 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ameliorative potential of curcumin against Cr6+-induced eco-toxicological manifestations was assessed in liver of exposed Channa punctatus (Actinopterygii) in six groups for 45 d; Group I as control. Group II with 3 mg/L of curcumin; group III with 7.89 mg/L of Cr6+. Groups IV, V and VI were simultaneously co-exposed with 7.89 mg/L of Cr6+ and three different curcumin concentrations, 1, 2, and 3 mg/L, respectively. In group III, SOD-CAT, GR significantly (p < 0.05) increased; decreased GSH level; elevated MN and AC frequencies; and a significant (p < 0.05) up-regulation of cat (2.72-fold), p53 (1.73-fold), bax (1.33-fold) and apaf-1 (2.13-fold) together with a significant (p < 0.05) down-regulation of bcl-2 (0.51-fold). Co-exposure significantly (p < 0.05) brought down activities of SOD-CAT, GR, raised GSH, decreased micronuclei and apoptotic frequencies along with recovery of histopathological anomalies in liver. This study establishes the protective role of curcumin against Cr6+-induced hepatotoxicity in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashika Awasthi
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Arun Ratn
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Rajesh Prasad
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Abha Trivedi
- Department of Zoology, MJP Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, 243006, India
| | - J P Shukla
- Department of Zoology, S. Kisan P.G College, Siddharth University, Kapilvastu, 272205, India
| | - Sunil P Trivedi
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India.
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Burgos-Aceves MA, Lionetti L, Faggio C. Multidisciplinary haematology as prognostic device in environmental and xenobiotic stress-induced response in fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:1170-1183. [PMID: 31018433 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The variations of haematological parameters hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, leukocyte and erythrocyte count have been used as pollution and physiological indicators of organic dysfunction in both environmental and aquaculture studies. These parameters are commonly applied as prognostic and diagnostic tools in fish health status. However, there are both extrinsic and intrinsic factors to consider when performing a blood test, because a major limitation for field researchers is that the "rules" for animal or human haematology do not always apply to wildlife. The main objective of this review is to show how some environmental and xenobiotic factors are capable to modulating the haematic cells. Visualizing the strengths and limitations of a haematological analysis in the health assessment of wild and culture fish. Finally, we point out the importance of the use of mitochondrial activities as part of haematological evaluations associated to environment or aquaculture stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Burgos-Aceves
- Departament of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Departament of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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Yonar ME, Mişe Yonar S, İspir Ü, Ural MŞ. Effects of curcumin on haematological values, immunity, antioxidant status and resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) against Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:83-90. [PMID: 30898618 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various levels of dietary curcumin on growth performance, haematological values, immunity and protection against Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes infection in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish were fed with diets containing different levels of curcumin; 0% (C), %1 (E1), %2 (E2) and %4 (E3), as treatment groups. After 8 weeks of feeding, the growth performance [weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR)], haematological values [the red blood cell (RBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, haematocrit (Ht) level and erythrocyte indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)], various immune parameters [white blood cell (WBC) count, oxidative radical production (nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay), phagocytic activity (PA) and phagocytic index (PI), total protein (TP) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, serum bactericidal (BA), lysozyme (LYZ) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities] and antioxidant capacity [tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities] were analysed. In addition, fish were challenged by Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes and survival rate was recorded for 14 days. The results indicated that the growth performance was significantly influenced by the dietary curcumin levels, the maximal WG and SGR occurred at fish fed the diet containing 2% curcumin. Fish fed the diet containing curcumin had lower FCR than those fed the control diet. The RBC count, Hb concentration, and Ht level increased in the groups fed with curcumin when compared with the control group. However, there were no significant differences in the MCV, MCH and MCHC values among experimental groups. All the chosen immune parameters were enhanced in the groups fed diets containing curcumin. Also, the relative percentage survivals were higher in the groups fed with curcumin, especially in the E2 group, compared to the control. The dietary curcumin stimulated the SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities in liver, head kidney and spleen as compared to the control group; however, a reverse trend was observed in the MDA levels of tissues. The highest values for haematological, immunological (except TP level of E3 group) and antioxidant parameters were found in the E2 group. These results collectively suggest that curcumin can be used in aquaculture to improve the growth, haematological values, immune responses, antioxidant capacity and disease resistance of rainbow trout, O. mykiss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Enis Yonar
- Firat University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Serpil Mişe Yonar
- Firat University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Ünal İspir
- Malatya Turgut Özal University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mevlüt Şener Ural
- Firat University, College of Keban, Fisheries Programme, 23700 Elazig, Turkey
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Zheng H, Zhang Q, Liu G, Luo X, Li F, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Characteristics and mechanisms of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl adsorption onto biochars: Influence of deashing and low molecular weight organic acid (LMWOA) aging and co-existence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 657:953-962. [PMID: 30677961 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of inherent minerals in biochars and low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) on chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl adsorption by biochars are unclear. We examined the sorption of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl onto giant reed-derived biochars before and after deashing or LMWOA aging. The effect of citric acid (CA) as a co-solute on the sorption of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl was also investigated. With increasing temperature (300-600 °C), the adsorption capacity of biochars increased from 4.32 to 14.8 mg/g for chlorpyrifos and from 15.0 to 50.5 mg/g for chlorpyrifos-methyl. This can be explained by the fact that higher temperature biochar had more aromatic units and pores for capturing more sorbates. The deashing and LMWOA aging treatments exposed more carbon surfaces and improved the porosity of biochar, thus favoring sorption. Further, the deashing treatment resulted in greater sorption enhancement, when compared with the LMWOA aging treatment. At pH 6.5, CA2- and CA3- chelated Ca2+ via bridging at CA concentration below 10 mmol/L, thus reducing the competition of Ca2+ for aromatic surfaces and COO-/OH groups. When the CA concentration was above 20 mmol/L, CA2-, CA3-, and [Ca(CA)2]x- inhibited the sorption of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl by competing for carbon sites and pores of biochar. These findings will help guide the practical application of biochar in pesticide-contaminated water and soil, and to better understand the role of biochar in the transport, fate, and bioavailability of organophosphorus pesticides in the rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Guocheng Liu
- College of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Xianxiang Luo
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Fengmin Li
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Molosse V, Souza CF, Baldissera MD, Glombowsky P, Campigotto G, Cazaratto CJ, Stefani LM, da Silva AS. Diet supplemented with curcumin for nursing lambs improves animal growth, energetic metabolism, and performance of the antioxidant and immune systems. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Marigoudar SR, Nagarjuna A, Karthikeyan P, Mohan D, Sharma KV. Comparative toxicity of chlorpyrifos: Sublethal effects on enzyme activities and histopathology of Mugil cephalus and Chanos chanos. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:89-101. [PMID: 30071440 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ecotoxicological data and potential impact of chlorpyrifos (CPF) in the region are scarce for prescribing safety limits. Therefore, toxicity and sublethal impact of CPF on fish fingerlings of Mugil cephalus (3.0 ± 1.2 cm) and Chanos chanos (3.0 ± 1.5 cm) were studied. Acute and chronic toxicity tests were conducted by continuous flow through method and derived 96 h median lethal concentration (LC50). Mean LC50 value of 1.13 μg/L for M. cephalus, and 3.20 μg/L for C. chanos were derived by Probit. Chronic toxicity tests were conducted for 30 days and determined no observed effect concentration values of 0.09 μg/L 0.17 μg/L and lowest observed effect concentration values of 0.16 μg/L 0.32 μg/L and chronic values of 0.13 μg/L 0.25 μg/L for M. cephalus and C. chanos respectively. Key biomarker enzyme activities viz., EST, SOD and MDH were studied at sublethal concentrations of CPF. Native gel electrophoresis revealed gradual decrease in isoforms of EST and SOD activities, whereas MDH activity increased in fingerlings. These responses indicate inhibition of cholinesterase, antioxidants and synthesis of ATPs in the cells due to CPF stress. Pathological lesions were evaluated in gill and eye tissues of fingerlings. Epithelial fusion and degenerative changes were prominent in primary lamellae. Hyperplasia, lifting epithelium, fusion of lamellae and necrosis were evidenced in the secondary lamellae. Cellular anomalies in the retina of the eye of C. chanos include vacuoles in nerve fiber layer, shrinkage of outer plexiform layer and detachment of pigment epithelium layer. These changes indicate physiological disturbance in the gill and eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Marigoudar
- National Centre for Coastal Research, NIOT Campus, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, India.
| | - A Nagarjuna
- National Centre for Coastal Research, NIOT Campus, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, India
| | - P Karthikeyan
- National Centre for Coastal Research, NIOT Campus, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, India
| | - D Mohan
- National Centre for Coastal Research, NIOT Campus, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, India
| | - K V Sharma
- National Centre for Coastal Research, NIOT Campus, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, India
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Taheri Mirghaed A, Hoseini SM, Ghelichpour M. Effects of dietary 1,8-cineole supplementation on physiological, immunological and antioxidant responses to crowding stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 81:182-188. [PMID: 30010015 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate beneficial effects of dietary 1,8-cineole (cineole) supplementation on physiological, immunological and antioxidant responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to crowding stress. The fish were fed for 50 days with diets containing 0 (control), 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1% cineole prior to exposure to a 14-day crowding stress. Serum stress markers (cortisol, glucose, lactate, T4 and T3), antioxidant responses [catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondyaldehyde (MDA) levels] and immune responses [lysozyme and alternative complement (ACH50) activity, and total immunoglobulin (Ig) levels], and blood leukocyte (WBC) and differential counts were measured before and after crowding stress. Results showed that 1% cineole was capable to reduce the basal and stress-induced cortisol elevation and increase the serum T3 levels after stress. Increase in dietary cineole levels significantly decreased serum cortisol, glucose and lactate levels. Increase in dietary cineole levels significantly increased serum CAT, SOD, lysozyme and ACH50 activities, and TAC and eosinophil levels, and decreased MDA and monocyte levels. After the stress, there was no significant difference in the control group CAT and SOD activities compared to the basal values; however, CAT activities decreased and SOD activities increased in the cineole-treated groups compared to the basal values. Nevertheless, the control group had significantly lower CAT and SOD activities compared to the fish treated with 0.1-1% cineole. Cineole significantly increased blood WBC and serum lysozyme, ACH50 and total Ig. Moreover, cineole administration significantly mitigated the stress-induced decrease in total Ig levels as well as increase in leukocyte count. The cineole-treated fish had higher survival and growth performance compared to the control group. Although all levels of cineole (0.05-1%) showed beneficial effects on different tested factors, 0.5 and 1% levels had beneficial effects on most of the tested factors; thus, are recommended for dietary inclusion to suppress adverse effects of stress in trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Taheri Mirghaed
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Melika Ghelichpour
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of 4 weeks or longer suggest that curcumin may afford some protection against oxidative stress. Nutr Res 2018; 60:1-12. [PMID: 30527253 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is associated with aging and multiple diseases, yet the effects of curcumin in humans are not definite. We undertook a meta-analysis of the effects of curcumin on OS biomarkers. In January 2018, we searched PubMed, Books@Ovid, Journals@Ovid, EMBASE, MEDLINE(R), and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials conducted ≥4 weeks and investigating the effects of curcumin on OS biomarkers, including glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in red blood cells (RBC), serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to present the results. The meta-analysis included eight clinical studies (626 patients). There was a significant reduction in circulating MDA concentrations (SMD = -0.769, 95% CI: -1.059 to -0.478) and a significant increase in SOD activity (SMD = 1.084, 95% CI: 0.487 to 1.680) following curcumin supplementation. There was no change in the GPX activity in RBC. There was no significant association between the MDA-lowering effect of curcumin with underlying diseases or treatment duration. However, curcumin showed the MDA-lowering effect at curcuminoids doses ≥600 mg/d (P < .0001). This effect was greater when combined with piperine than curcuminoids alone (SMD = -1.085, 95% CI: -1.357 to -0.813; SMD = -0.850, 95% CI: -1.158 to -0.542). Curcumin may play an anti-oxidative role by reducing circulating MDA concentrations and increasing SOD activity. Further research of curcumin in different populations with multiple biomarkers of redox status is required.
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