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Wang SN, Shi YC, Lin S, He HF. Particulate matter 2.5 accelerates aging: Exploring cellular senescence and age-related diseases. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116920. [PMID: 39208581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) accelerates aging, causing declines in tissue and organ function, and leading to diseases such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and musculoskeletal disorders. PM2.5 is a major environmental pollutant and an exogenous pathogen in air pollution that is now recognized as an accelerator of human aging and a predisposing factor for several age-related diseases. In this paper, we seek to elucidate the mechanisms by which PM2.5 induces cellular senescence, such as genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and age-related diseases. Our goal is to increase awareness among researchers within the field of the toxicity of environmental pollutants and to advocate for personal and public health initiatives to curb their production and enhance population protection. Through these endeavors, we aim to promote longevity and health in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Nan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China; Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Australia
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China; Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Sydney, Australia.
| | - He-Fan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
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2
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Chen Z, Huo X, Huang Y, Cheng Z, Xu X, Li Z. Elevated plasma solMER concentrations link ambient PM 2.5 and PAHs to myocardial injury and reduced left ventricular systolic function in children. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 355:124151. [PMID: 38740242 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is known to be associated with the polarization of pro-inflammatory macrophages and the development of various cardiovascular diseases. The pro-inflammatory polarization of resident cardiac macrophages (cMacs) enhances the cleavage of membrane-bound myeloid-epithelial-reproductive receptor tyrosine kinase (MerTK) and promotes the formation of soluble MerTK (solMER). This process influences the involvement of cMacs in cardiac repair, thus leading to an imbalance in cardiac homeostasis, myocardial injury, and reduced cardiac function. However, the relative impacts of PM2.5 and PAHs on human cMacs have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PM2.5 and PAH exposure on solMER in terms of myocardial injury and left ventricular (LV) systolic function in healthy children. A total of 258 children (aged three to six years) were recruited from Guiyu (an area exposed to e-waste) and Haojiang (a reference area). Mean daily PM2.5 concentration data were collected to calculate the individual chronic daily intake (CDI) of PM2.5. We determined concentrations of solMER and creatine kinase MB (CKMB) in plasma, and hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) in urine. LV systolic function was evaluated by stroke volume (SV). Higher CDI values and OH-PAH concentrations were detected in the exposed group. Plasma solMER and CKMB were higher in the exposed group and were associated with a reduced SV. Elevated CDI and 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-OHNa) were associated with a higher solMER. Furthermore, increased solMER concentrations were associated with a lower SV and higher CKMB. CDI and 1-OHNa were positively associated with CKMB and mediated by solMER. In conclusion, exposure to PM2.5 and PAHs may lead to the pro-inflammatory polarization of cMacs and increase the risk of myocardial injury and systolic function impairment in children. Furthermore, the pro-inflammatory polarization of cMacs may mediate cardiotoxicity caused by PM2.5 and PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 15041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiheng Cheng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China.
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Mentias A, Desai MY, Pandey A, Motairek I, Moudgil R, Albert C, Deo SV, Brook RD, Menon V, Rajagopalan S, Al-Kindi S. Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Adverse Outcomes Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032902. [PMID: 39082400 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to fine particulate matter (<2.5 um, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 microns [PM2.5]) has been implicated in atherogenesis. Limited data in animal studies suggest that PM2.5 exposure leads to myocardial fibrosis and increased incidence of heart failure (HF). Whether PM2.5 is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with preexisting HF has not been widely studied. METHODS AND RESULTS In this retrospective cohort study, Medicare patients hospitalized with first HF between 2013 and 2020 were identified from the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review Part A 100% files. Patients were linked with integrated estimates of ambient PM2.5 obtained at 1×1 km using the zip code of participants' residence. The study outcomes were all-cause death, HF, and all-cause readmissions burden. A total of 2 599 525 patients were included in this study, with 6 321 731 person-years of follow-up. Mean PM2.5 was 7.3±1.7 μg/m3. Each interquartile range of PM2.5 was associated with 0.9% increased hazard of all-cause death, 4.5% increased hazard of first HF readmission, 3.1% increased risk of HF hospitalization burden, and 5.2% increase in all-cause readmission burden, after adjusting for 11 sociodemographic and medical factors. Subgroup analyses showed that the effects were more pronounced at levels <7 μg/m3 and in patients aged <75 years, Asians, and those residing in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS Ambient air pollution is associated with higher risk of adverse events in Medicare beneficiaries with established HF. These associations persist below the National Air Quality Standards (12 μg/m3), supporting that no threshold effect exists for health effects of air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amgad Mentias
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland OH USA
| | - Milind Y Desai
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland OH USA
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Dallas TX USA
| | - Issam Motairek
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Rohit Moudgil
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland OH USA
| | - Chonyang Albert
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland OH USA
| | - Salil V Deo
- Louis Stokes VA Hospital and Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Robert D Brook
- Cardiovascular Prevention Wayne State University and Wayne Health Detroit MI USA
| | - Venu Menon
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland OH USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Sadeer Al-Kindi
- Center for Health and Nature and the DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center Houston TX USA
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Santibáñez-Andrade M, Quezada-Maldonado EM, Quintana-Belmares R, Morales-Bárcenas R, Rosas-Pérez I, Amador-Muñoz O, Miranda J, Sánchez-Pérez Y, García-Cuellar CM. Sampling, composition, and biological effects of Mexico City airborne particulate matter from multiple periods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171933. [PMID: 38522535 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution is a worldwide environmental problem with an impact on human health. Particulate matter of ten micrometers or less aerodynamic diameter (PM10) as well as its fine fraction (PM2.5) is related to multiple pulmonary diseases. The impact of air pollution in Mexico City, and importantly, particulate matter has been studied and considered as a risk factor for two decades ago. Previous studies have reported the composition of Mexico City particulate matter, as well as the biological effects induced by this material. However, material collected and used in previous studies is a limited resource, and sampling and particle recovery techniques have been improved. In this study, we describe the methods used in our laboratory for Mexico City airborne particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5 sampling, considering the years 2017, 2018 and 2019. We also analyzed the PM10 and PM2.5 samples obtained to determine their composition. Finally, we exposed lung cell line cultures to PM10 and PM2.5 to evaluate the biological effect of the material in terms of cell viability, cell death, inflammatory response, and cytogenetic alterations. Our results showed that PM10 composition includes inorganic, organic and biological compounds, while PM2.5 is a mixture of more enriched organic compounds. PM10 and PM2.5 treatment in lung cells does not significantly impact cell viability/cell death. However, PM10 and PM2.5 increase the secretion levels of IL-6. Moreover, PM10 as well as PM2.5 induce cytogenetic alterations, such as micronuclei, anaphase bridges, trinucleated cells and apoptotic cells in lung cells. Our results update the evidence of the composition and biological effects of Mexico City particulate matter and provide us a reliable basis for future approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Santibáñez-Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Ericka Marel Quezada-Maldonado
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Raúl Quintana-Belmares
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Rocío Morales-Bárcenas
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Irma Rosas-Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Investigación Científica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Omar Amador-Muñoz
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Investigación Científica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Javier Miranda
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito Investigación Científica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico.
| | - Claudia M García-Cuellar
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico.
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Ofori-Attah E, Hashimoto M, Oki M, Kadowaki D. Therapeutic Effect of Natural Products and Dietary Supplements on Aflatoxin-Induced Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2849. [PMID: 38474096 PMCID: PMC10932067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins are harmful natural contaminants found in foods and are known to be hepatotoxic. However, recent studies have linked chronic consumption of aflatoxins to nephrotoxicity in both animals and humans. Here, we conducted a systematic review of active compounds, crude extracts, herbal formulations, and probiotics against aflatoxin-induced renal dysfunction, highlighting their mechanisms of action in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The natural products and dietary supplements discussed in this study alleviated aflatoxin-induced renal oxidative stress, inflammation, tissue damage, and markers of renal function, mostly in animal models. Therefore, the information provided in this review may improve the management of kidney disease associated with aflatoxin exposure and potentially aid in animal feed supplementation. However, future research is warranted to translate the outcomes of this study into clinical use in kidney patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Ofori-Attah
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; (M.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Mai Hashimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; (M.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Mayu Oki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; (M.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Daisuke Kadowaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; (M.H.); (M.O.)
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
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6
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Shen H, Gong M, Zhang M, Sun S, Zheng R, Yan Q, Hu J, Xie X, Wu Y, Yang J, Wu J, Yang J. Effects of PM 2.5 exposure on clock gene BMAL1 and cell cycle in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae022. [PMID: 38419835 PMCID: PMC10898333 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has been closely associated with cardiovascular diseases, which are relevant to cell cycle arrest. Brain and muscle aryl-hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (BMAL1) not only participates in regulating the circadian clock but also plays a role in modulating cell cycle. However, the precise contribution of the circadian clock gene BMAL1 to PM2.5-induced cell cycle change remains unclear. This study aims to explore the impact of PM2.5 exposure on BMAL1 expression and the cell cycle in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods HUVECs was exposed to PM2.5 for 24 hours at different concentrations ((0, 12.5, 25, 75 and 100 μg.mL-1) to elucidate the potential toxic mechanism. Following exposure to PM2.5, cell viability, ROS, cell cycle, and the expression of key genes and proteins were detected. Results A remarkable decrease in cell viability is observed in the PM2.5-exposed HUVECs, as well as a significant increase in ROS production. In addition, PM2.5-exposed HUVECs have cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, and the gene expression of p27 is also markedly increased. The protein expression of BMAL1 and the gene expression of BMAL1 are increased significantly. Moreover, the protein expressions of p-p38 MAPK and p-ERK1/2 exhibit a marked increase in the PM2.5-exposed HUVECs. Furthermore, following the transfection of HUVECs with siBMAL1 to suppress BMAL1 expression, we observed a reduction in both the protein and gene expression of the MAPK/ERK pathway in HUVECs exposed to PM2.5. Conclusions Overall, our results indicate that PM2.5 exposure significantly upregulates the circadian clock gene expression of BMAL1 and regulates G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in HUVECs through the MAPK/ERK pathway, which may provide new insights into the potential molecular mechanism regarding BMAL1 on PM2.5-induced cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochong Shen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Meidi Gong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shikun Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Rao Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qing Yan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaobin Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 31 Jianshe Road, Donghe District, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014040, China
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Priyadarshini NP, Gopamma D, Srinivas N, Malla RR, Kumar KS. Particulate Matter and Its Impact on Macrophages: Unraveling the Cellular Response for Environmental Health. Crit Rev Oncog 2024; 29:33-42. [PMID: 38989736 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2024053305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) imposes a significant impact to environmental health with deleterious effects on the human pulmonary and cardiovascular systems. Macrophages (Mφ), key immune cells in lung tissues, have a prominent role in responding to inhaled cells, accommodating inflammation, and influencing tissue repair processes. Elucidating the critical cellular responses of Mφ to PM exposure is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying PM-induced health effects. The present review aims to give a glimpse on literature about the PM interaction with Mφ, triggering the cellular events causing the inflammation, oxidative stress (OS) and tissue damage. The present paper reviews the different pathways involved in Mφ activation upon PM exposure, including phagocytosis, intracellular signaling cascades, and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting Mφ-mediated responses to reduce PM-induced health effects are also discussed. Overall, unraveling the complex interplay between PM and Mφ sheds light on new avenues for environmental health research and promises to develop targeted interventions to reduce the burden of PM-related diseases on global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyayapathi Priyanka Priyadarshini
- Department of Environmental Science, GITAM School of Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Daka Gopamma
- Department of Environmental Science, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Namuduri Srinivas
- Department of Environmental Science, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM) (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kolli Suresh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, GITAM School of Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
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8
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Li K, Geng Y, Lin B, Xi Z. Molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and oxidative stress induced by environmental pollutants. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:1014-1023. [PMID: 38145103 PMCID: PMC10734609 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are essential organelles playing pivotal roles in the regulation of cellular metabolism, energy production, and protein synthesis. In addition, these organelles are important targets susceptible to external stimuli, such as environmental pollutants. Exposure to environmental pollutants can cause the mitochondrial damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and oxidative stress, leading to cellular dysfunction and death. Therefore, understanding the toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of environmental pollution underlying these processes is crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on human health. In the present study, we summarized and reviewed the toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial damage, ERS, and oxidative stress caused by exposure to environmental pollutants as well as interactions inducing the cell apoptosis and the roles in exposure to environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yanpei Geng
- Department of Health Toxicology, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Bencheng Lin
- Department of Health Toxicology, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Department of Health Toxicology, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
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9
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Palacio LC, Pachajoa DC, Echeverri-Londoño CA, Saiz J, Tobón C. Air Pollution and Cardiac Diseases: A Review of Experimental Studies. Dose Response 2023; 21:15593258231212793. [PMID: 37933269 PMCID: PMC10625734 DOI: 10.1177/15593258231212793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is associated with around 6.5 million premature deaths annually, which are directly related to cardiovascular diseases, and the most dangerous atmospheric pollutants to health are as follows: NO2, SO2, CO, and PM. The mechanisms underlying the observed effects have not yet been clearly defined. This work aims to conduct a narrative review of experimental studies to provide a more comprehensive and multiperspective assessment of how the effect of atmospheric pollutants on cardiac activity can result in the development of cardiac diseases. For this purpose, a review was carried out in databases of experimental studies, excluding clinical trials, and epidemiological and simulation studies. After analyzing the available information, the existence of pathophysiological effects of the different pollutants on cardiac activity from exposure during both short-term and long-term is evident. This narrative review based on experimental studies is a basis for the development of recommendations for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Javier Saiz
- Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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10
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Aghaei-Zarch SM, Nia AHS, Nouri M, Mousavinasab F, Najafi S, Bagheri-Mohammadi S, Aghaei-Zarch F, Toolabi A, Rasoulzadeh H, Ghanavi J, Moghadam MN, Talebi M. The impact of particulate matters on apoptosis in various organs: Mechanistic and therapeutic perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115054. [PMID: 37379642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecological air contamination is the non-homogenous suspension of insoluble particles into gas or/and liquid fluids known as particulate matter (PM). It has been discovered that exposure to PM can cause serious cellular defects, followed by tissue damage known as cellular stress. Apoptosis is a homeostatic and regulated phenomenon associated with distinguished physiological actions inclusive of organ and tissue generation, aging, and development. Moreover, it has been proposed that the deregulation of apoptotic performs an active role in the occurrence of many disorders, such as autoimmune disease, neurodegenerative, and malignant, in the human population. Recent studies have shown that PMs mainly modulate multiple signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, including MAPK, PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, NFκB, Endoplasmic Stress, and ATM/P53, leading to apoptosis dysregulation and apoptosis-related pathological conditions. Here, the recently published data concerning the effect of PM on the apoptosis of various organs, with a particular focus on the importance of apoptosis as a component in PM-induced toxicity and human disease development, is carefully discussed. Moreover, the review also highlighted the various therapeutic approaches, including small molecules, miRNA replacement therapy, vitamins, and PDRN, for treating diseases caused by PM toxicity. Notably, researchers have considered medicinal herbs a potential treatment for PM-induced toxicity due to their fewer side effects. So, in the final section, we analyzed the performance of some natural products for inhibition and intervention of apoptosis arising from PM-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hosein Sanjari Nia
- Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Morteza Nouri
- School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemehsadat Mousavinasab
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Bagheri-Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Toolabi
- Environmental Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hassan Rasoulzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.
| | - Jalaledin Ghanavi
- Mycobacteriology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mehrdad Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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11
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Kim JH, Kim JM, Lee HL, Go MJ, Kim TY, Joo SG, Lee HS, Heo HJ. Korean Red Ginseng Prevents the Deterioration of Lung and Brain Function in Chronic PM 2.5-Exposed Mice by Regulating Systemic Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13266. [PMID: 37686071 PMCID: PMC10488300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to confirm the effects of Korean red ginseng on lung and brain dysfunction in a BALB/c mice model exposed to particulate matter (PM)2.5 for 12 weeks. Learning and cognitive abilities were assessed with Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests. To evaluate the ameliorating effect of red ginseng extract (RGE), the antioxidant system and mitochondrial function were investigated. The administration of RGE protected lung and brain impairment by regulating the antioxidant system and mitochondrial functions damaged by PM2.5-induced toxicity. Moreover, RGE prevented pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) pathway. RGE attenuated PM2.5-induced pulmonary and cognitive dysfunction by regulating systemic inflammation and apoptosis via the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)/c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) pathway. In conclusion, RGE might be a potential material that can regulate chronic PM2.5-induced lung and brain cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (T.Y.K.); (S.G.J.); (H.S.L.)
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12
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Giordano ME, Udayan G, Guascito MR, De Bartolomeo AR, Carlino A, Conte M, Contini D, Lionetto MG. Apoptotic volume decrease (AVD) in A 549 cells exposed to water-soluble fraction of particulate matter (PM 10). Front Physiol 2023; 14:1218687. [PMID: 37492639 PMCID: PMC10364053 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1218687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is recognized as a human health risk factor of great concern. The present work aimed to study the cellular mechanisms underlying cytotoxic effects of airborne particulate matter <10 µm in size (PM10), sampled in an urban background site from January to May 2020, on A549 cells. In particular, the study addressed if PM10 exposure can be a main factor in the induction of the Apoptotic Volume Decrease (AVD), which is one of the first events of apoptosis, and if the generation of intracellular oxidative stress can be involved in the PM10 induction of apoptosis in A549 cells. The cytotoxicity of PM10 samples was measured by MTT test on cells exposed for 24 h to the PM10 aqueous extracts, cell volume changes were monitored by morphometric analysis of the cells, apoptosis appearance was detected by annexin V and the induction of intracellular oxidative stress was evaluated by the ROS sensitive CM-H2DCFDA fluorescent probe. The results showed cytotoxic effects ascribable to apoptotic death in A549 cells exposed for 24 h to aqueous extracts of airborne winter PM10 samples characterized by high PM10 value and organic carbon content. The detected reduced cell viability in winter samples ranged from 55% to 100%. Normotonic cell volume reduction (ranging from about 60% to 30% cell volume decrease) after PM10 exposure was already detectable after the first 30 min clearly indicating the ability of PM10, mainly arising from biomass burning, to induce Apoptotic Volume Decrease (AVD) in A549 cells. AVD was prevented by the pre-treatment with 0.5 mM SITS indicating the activation of Cl- efflux presumably through the activation of VRAC channels. The exposure of A549 cells to PM10 aqueous extracts was able to induce intracellular oxidative stress detected by using the ROS-sensitive probe CM-H2DCFDA. The PM10-induced oxidative stress was statistically significantly correlated with cell viability inhibition and with apoptotic cell shrinkage. It was already evident after 15 min exposure representing one of the first cellular effects caused by PM exposure. This result suggests the role of oxidative stress in the PM10 induction of AVD as one of the first steps in cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Giordano
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - G Udayan
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - M R Guascito
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - A R De Bartolomeo
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - A Carlino
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - M Conte
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - D Contini
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Lecce, Italy
| | - M G Lionetto
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
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13
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Barzgar F, Sadeghi-Mohammadi S, Aftabi Y, Zarredar H, Shakerkhatibi M, Sarbakhsh P, Gholampour A. Oxidative stress indices induced by industrial and urban PM 2.5-bound metals in A549 cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162726. [PMID: 36914132 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental effects of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on human health are of major global concern. PM2.5-bound metals are toxic compounds that contribute to cellular damage. To investigate the toxic effects of water-soluble metals on human lung epithelial cells and their bioaccessibility to lung fluid, PM2.5 samples were collected from both urban and industrial areas in the metropolitan city of Tabriz, Iran. Oxidative stress indices, including proline content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), cytotoxicity, and DNA damage levels of water-soluble components of PM2.5, were evaluated. Furthermore, an in vitro test was conducted to assess the bioaccessibility of various PM2.5-bound metals to the respiratory system using simulated lung fluid. PM2.5 average concentrations in urban and industrial areas were 83.11 and 97.71 μg/m3, respectively. The cytotoxicity effects of PM2.5 water-soluble constituents from urban areas were significantly higher than in industrial areas and the IC50 was found to be 96.76 ± 3.34 and 201.31 ± 5.96 μg/mL for urban and industrial PM2.5 samples, respectively. In addition, higher PM2.5 concentrations increased the proline content in a concentration-dependent manner in A549 cells, which plays a protective role against oxidative stress and prevents PM2.5-induced DNA damage. Also, the partial least squares regression revealed that Be, Cd, Co, Ni, and Cr, were significantly correlated with DNA damage and proline accumulation, which caused cell damage through oxidative stress. The results of this study showed that PM2.5-bound metals in highly polluted metropolitan city caused substantial changes in the cellular proline content, DNA damage levels and cytotoxicity in human lung A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Barzgar
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Sadeghi-Mohammadi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Younes Aftabi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Habib Zarredar
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shakerkhatibi
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Sarbakhsh
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akbar Gholampour
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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14
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Kondratyeva EV, Vitkina TI. Effect Of Atmospheric Particulate Matter On The Functional State Of Mitochondria. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2023.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The health risks associated with outdoor air pollution are of global concern. Atmospheric air pollution negatively affects a number of key aspects of human health, including the functioning of the respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous systems, but many issues remain unresolved about the relationship between atmospheric air pollution and the development and course of pathologies. The review analyzes data from Russian and foreign sources on the effect of atmospheric particulate matter on the functional state of mitochondria. The effect of air pollution on structural changes in mitochondria, ATP synthesis, production of reactive oxygen species, damage to mitochondrial DNA, and mitochondrial membrane potential has been shown. The data presented in the review indicate the need for further studies of the functional state of mitochondria under the impact of solid particles in atmospheric air.
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15
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Hu H, Li L, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Chen M, Ning J, Pang Y, Hu W, Niu Y, Zhang R. Mechanism of YY1 mediating autophagy dependent ferroptosis in PM2.5 induced cardiac fibrosis. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137749. [PMID: 36610517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated strong associations between exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and cardiac disease. To investigate the potential mechanism of cardiac fibrosis induced by PM2.5, we established PM2.5 exposure models in vivo and in vitro, and then cardiac fibrosis was evaluated. The ferroptosis and ferritinophagy was detected to characterize the effects of PM2.5 exposure. The results indicated that PM2.5 exposure could induce cardiac fibrosis in mice. YY1 was induced by PM2.5 exposure and then increased NCOA4, a cargo receptor for ferritinophagy, which interacted with FHC and promoted the transport of ferritin to the autophagosome for degradation. The release of large amounts of free iron from ferritinophagy led to lipid peroxidation directly via the Fenton reaction, thereby triggering ferroptosis. Moreover, siNCOA4 could partly restore the FHC protein level in HL-1 cells and inhibit the occurrence of downstream ferroptosis. Functionally, NCOA4 knockdown inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated HL-1 cell death induced by PM2.5. Ferroptosis inhibitor (Ferrostatin-1) could reverse the promoting effect of ferritinophagy mediated ferroptosis on cardiac fibrosis induced by PM2.5 exposure in mice. Our study indicated that PM2.5 induced cardiac fibrosis through YY1 regulating ferritinophagy-dependent ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaifang Hu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Lipeng Li
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Huaxing Zhang
- Core Facilities and Centers, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Meiyu Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Jie Ning
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Wentao Hu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, PR China.
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16
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Sivakumar B, Kurian GA. PM 2.5 from diesel exhaust attenuated fisetin mediated cytoprotection in H9c2 cardiomyocytes subjected to ischemia reoxygenation by inducing mitotoxicity. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:15-23. [PMID: 34806509 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2003698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The impact of PM2.5 from diesel exhaust (termed as diesel particulate matter (DPM)) on ischemia re-oxygenation (IR) injury and the consequent effect of fisetin to attenuate this injury remains unclear. IR was induced in H9c2 cells after 24 hrs of fisetin treatment. The cells when incubated with 100 µg/mL of DPM followed by IR, induced 60% cell death which was escalated to 78% with DPM exposure. Fisetin significantly attenuated IR induced cytotoxicity, improved mitochondrial activity and reduced oxidative stress in normal cells but failed to render protection against IR in presence of DPM. Isolated mitochondria experiment confirmed the mitotoxic effect of DPM. Immunoblot analysis established the failure of fisetin to activate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Based on the above observations, we concluded that fisetin mediated protection against IR was abrogated with DPM exposure due to augmented mitochondrial dysfunction and inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Sivakumar
- Vascular Biology lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- Vascular Biology lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India.,School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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17
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Feng S, Huang F, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Wang X. The pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of atmospheric PM 2.5 affecting cardiovascular health: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114444. [PMID: 38321663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5, with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm) is a leading environmental risk factor for global cardiovascular health concern. OBJECTIVE To provide a roadmap for those new to this field, we reviewed the new insights into the pathophysiological and cellular/molecular mechanisms of PM2.5 responsible for cardiovascular health. MAIN FINDINGS PM2.5 is able to disrupt multiple physiological barriers integrity and translocate into the systemic circulation and get access to a range of secondary target organs. An ever-growing body of epidemiological and controlled exposure studies has evidenced a causal relationship between PM2.5 exposure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A variety of cellular and molecular biology mechanisms responsible for the detrimental cardiovascular outcomes attributable to PM2.5 exposure have been described, including metabolic activation, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, inflammation, dysregulation of Ca2+ signaling, disturbance of autophagy, and induction of apoptosis, by which PM2.5 exposure impacts the functions and fates of multiple target cells in cardiovascular system or related organs and further alters a series of pathophysiological processes, such as cardiac autonomic nervous system imbalance, increasing blood pressure, metabolic disorder, accelerated atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability, platelet aggregation and thrombosis, and disruption in cardiac structure and function, ultimately leading to cardiovascular events and death. Therein, oxidative stress and inflammation were suggested to play pivotal roles in those pathophysiological processes. CONCLUSION Those biology mechanisms have deepen insights into the etiology, course, prevention and treatment of this public health concern, although the underlying mechanisms have not yet been entirely clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Feng
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China; The State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Fangfang Huang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Yashi Feng
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Yunchang Cao
- The Department of Molecular Biology, School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China; The State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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18
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Bae HR, Chandy M, Aguilera J, Smith EM, Nadeau KC, Wu JC, Paik DT. Adverse effects of air pollution-derived fine particulate matter on cardiovascular homeostasis and disease. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2022; 32:487-498. [PMID: 34619335 PMCID: PMC9063923 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution is a rapidly growing major health concern around the world. Atmospheric particulate matter that has a diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) refers to an air pollutant composed of particles and chemical compounds that originate from various sources. While epidemiological studies have established the association between PM2.5 exposure and cardiovascular diseases, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms by which PM2.5 promotes cardiovascular complications are yet to be fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize the various sources of PM2.5, its components, and the concentrations of ambient PM2.5 in various settings. We discuss the experimental findings to date that evaluate the potential adverse effects of PM2.5 on cardiovascular homeostasis and function, and the possible therapeutic options that may alleviate PM2.5-driven cardiovascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryeong Bae
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark Chandy
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Juan Aguilera
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research and the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric M Smith
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research and the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research and the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David T Paik
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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19
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Chen H, Oliver BG, Pant A, Olivera A, Poronnik P, Pollock CA, Saad S. Effects of air pollution on human health - Mechanistic evidence suggested by in vitro and in vivo modelling. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113378. [PMID: 35525290 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) comprises both solid and liquid particles, including carbon, sulphates, nitrate, and toxic heavy metals, which can induce oxidative stress and inflammation after inhalation. These changes occur both in the lung and systemically, due to the ability of the small-sized PM (i.e. diameters ≤2.5 μm, PM2.5) to enter and circulate in the bloodstream. As such, in 2016, airborne PM caused ∼4.2 million premature deaths worldwide. Acute exposure to high levels of airborne PM (eg. during wildfires) can exacerbate pre-existing illnesses leading to hospitalisation, such as in those with asthma and coronary heart disease. Prolonged exposure to PM can increase the risk of non-communicable chronic diseases affecting the brain, lung, heart, liver, and kidney, although the latter is less well studied. Given the breadth of potential disease, it is critical to understand the mechanisms underlying airborne PM exposure-induced disorders. Establishing aetiology in humans is difficult, therefore, in-vitro and in-vivo studies can provide mechanistic insights. We describe acute health effects (e.g. exacerbations of asthma) and long term health effects such as the induction of chronic inflammatory lung disease, and effects outside the lung (e.g. liver and renal change). We will focus on oxidative stress and inflammation as this is the common mechanism of PM-induced disease, which may be used to develop effective treatments to mitigate the adverse health effect of PM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia
| | - Anushriya Pant
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Annabel Olivera
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Philip Poronnik
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carol A Pollock
- Renal Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- Renal Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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20
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Li Z, Jiang W, Chu H, Ge J, Wang X, Jiang J, Xiao Q, Meng Q, Hao W, Wei X. Exploration of potential mechanism of interleukin-33 up-regulation caused by 1,4-naphthoquinone black carbon in RAW264.7 cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155357. [PMID: 35452731 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As air pollution has been paid more attention to by public in recent years, effects and mechanism in particulate matter-triggered health problems become a focus of research. Lysosomes and mitochondria play an important role in regulation of inflammation. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has been proved to promote inflammation in our previous studies. In this research, macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was used to explore the potential mechanism of upregulation of IL-33 induced by 1,4-naphthoquinone black carbon (1,4-NQ-BC), and to explore changes of lysosomes and mitochondria during the process. RESULTS 50 μg/mL 1,4-NQ-BC exposure for 24 h dramatically increased expression of IL-33 in RAW264.7 cells. Lysosomal membrane permeability was damaged by 1,4-NQ-BC treatment, and higher mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS level were induced by 1,4-NQ-BC. The results of proteomics suggested that expression of ferritin light chain was increased after cells were challenged with 1,4-NQ-BC, and it was verified by Western blot. Meanwhile, expressions of p62 and LC3B-II were increased by 50 μg/mL 1,4-NQ-BC in RAW264.7 cells. Ultimately, expression of IL-33 could return to same level as control in cells treated with 50 μg/mL 1,4-NQ-BC and 50 μM deferoxamine combined. CONCLUSIONS 1,4-NQ-BC induces IL-33 upregulation in RAW264.7 cells, and it is responsible for higher lysosomal membrane permeability and ROS level, lower mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibition of autophagy. Ferritin light chain possibly plays an important role in the upregulation of IL-33 evoked by 1,4-NQ-BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekang Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wanyu Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Hongqian Chu
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, PR China
| | - Jianhong Ge
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qianqian Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qinghe Meng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Weidong Hao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xuetao Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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21
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Wu T, Tong M, Chu A, Wu K, Niu X, Zhang Z. PM2.5-Induced Programmed Myocardial Cell Death via mPTP Opening Results in Deteriorated Cardiac Function in HFpEF Mice. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:746-762. [PMID: 35593990 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PM2.5 exposure can induce or exacerbate heart failure and is associated with an increased risk of heart failure hospitalization and mortality; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study focuses on the potential mechanisms underlying PM2.5 induction of cardiomyocyte programmed necrosis as well as its promotion of cardiac function impairment in a mouse model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF mice were exposed to concentrated ambient PM2.5 (CAP) (CAP group) or filtered air (FA) (FA group) for 6 weeks. Changes in myocardial pathology and cardiac function were documented for comparisons between the two groups. In vitro experiments were performed to measure oxidative stress and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) dynamics in H9C2 cells following 24 h exposure to PM2.5. Additionally, co-immunoprecipitation was conducted to detect p53 and cyclophilin D (CypD) interactions. The results showed exposure to CAP promoted cardiac function impairment in HFpEF mice. Myocardial pathology analysis and in vitro experiments demonstrated that PM2.5 led to mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes and, eventually, their necrosis. Moreover, our experiments also suggested that PM2.5 increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), induces DNA oxidative damage, and decreases the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). This indicates the presence of mPTP opening. Co-immunoprecipitation results showed a p53/CypD interaction in the myocardial tissue of HFpEF mice in the CAP group. Inhibition of CypD by cyclosporin A was found to reverse PM2.5-induced mPTP opening and H9C2 cell death. In conclusion, PM2.5 induces mPTP opening to stimulate mitochondria-mediated programmed necrosis of cardiomyocytes, and it might exacerbate cardiac function impairment in HFpEF mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Minghui Tong
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Aiai Chu
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kaiyue Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiaowei Niu
- Heart Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Heart Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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22
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Zou L, Li B, Xiong L, Wang Y, Xie W, Huang X, Liang Y, Wei T, Liu N, Chang X, Bai C, Wu T, Xue Y, Zhang T, Tang M. Urban fine particulate matter causes cardiac hypertrophy through calcium-mediated mitochondrial bioenergetics dysfunction in mice hearts and human cardiomyocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119236. [PMID: 35367502 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the cardiovascular toxicity of urban fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has sparked significant alarm. Mitochondria produce 90% of ATP and make up 30% of the volume of cardiomyocytes. Thus knowledge of myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction due to PM2.5 exposure is essential for further cardiotoxic effects. Here, the mechanism of PM2.5-induced cardiac hypertrophy through calcium overload and mitochondrial dysfunction was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Male and female BALB/c mice were given 1.28, 5.5, and 11 mg PM2.5/kg bodyweight weekly through oropharyngeal inhalation for four weeks and were assigned to low, medium, and high dose groups, respectively. PM2.5-induced myocardial edema and cardiac hypertrophy were detected in the high-dose group. Mitochondria were scattered and ruptured with abnormal ultrastructural morphology. In vitro experiments on human cardiomyocyte AC16 showed that exposure to PM2.5 for 24 h caused opened mitochondrial permeability transition pore --leading to excessive calcium production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, weakened mitochondrial respiratory metabolism capacity, and decreased ATP production. Nevertheless, the administration of calcium chelator ameliorated the mitochondrial damage in the PM2.5-treated group. Our in vivo and in vitro results confirmed that calcium overload under PM2.5 exposure triggered mTOR/AKT/GSK-3β activation, leading to mitochondrial bioenergetics dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyue Zou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Binjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lilin Xiong
- Department of Environmental Health, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wenjing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaoquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tingting Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaoru Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Changcun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Tian J, Shi H, Wang X, Wu H, Wang C, Liu N, Wang D, Shi D, Zhang H, Zhang Z. The cardiotoxicity of asthmatic rats after traffic-related PM 2.5 and water-soluble components exposure mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:50704-50716. [PMID: 35235115 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is closely related to cardiopulmonary diseases; it is known that the respiratory system is related to the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of traffic-related PM2.5 (TRPM2.5) and water-soluble components (WSC) on hearts of asthmatic rats and explore potential molecular mechanisms. Here, ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized asthmatic rats were intratracheally instilled with TRPM2.5 and WSC every 3 days in total of eight times. Significant myocardial pathological changes were observed in the TRPM2.5 and WSC group by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) results demonstrated TRPM2.5 and WSC aggravated apoptosis of myocardial cells, which may be triggered by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), as manifested by elevated GRP78, CHOP, and caspase-12. Likewise, TRPM2.5 and WSC activated autophagy via upregulation of LC3 and p62 gene and protein expression. In conclusion, TRPM2.5 and WSC may aggravate heart injury in asthmatic rats, possibly through the activation of ERS and autophagy signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Tian
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Dongxing Shi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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24
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Recent Insights into Particulate Matter (PM 2.5)-Mediated Toxicity in Humans: An Overview. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127511. [PMID: 35742761 PMCID: PMC9223652 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiologic and toxicological studies have commonly viewed ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), defined as particles having an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm, as a significant potential danger to human health. PM2.5 is mostly absorbed through the respiratory system, where it can infiltrate the lung alveoli and reach the bloodstream. In the respiratory system, reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) and oxidative stress stimulate the generation of mediators of pulmonary inflammation and begin or promote numerous illnesses. According to the most recent data, fine particulate matter, or PM2.5, is responsible for nearly 4 million deaths globally from cardiopulmonary illnesses such as heart disease, respiratory infections, chronic lung disease, cancers, preterm births, and other illnesses. There has been increased worry in recent years about the negative impacts of this worldwide danger. The causal associations between PM2.5 and human health, the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of PM2.5, and molecular pathways have been described in this review.
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Yu Y, Sun Q, Li T, Ren X, Lin L, Sun M, Duan J, Sun Z. Adverse outcome pathway of fine particulate matter leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: An integrated perspective from toxicology and epidemiology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128368. [PMID: 35149491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is a major threat to public health, and is listed as one of the leading factors associated with global premature mortality. Among the adverse health effects on multiple organs or tissues, the influence of PM2.5 exposure on cardiovascular system has drawn more and more attention. Although numerous studies have investigated the mechanisms responsible for the cardiovascular toxicity of PM2.5, the various mechanisms have not been integrated due to the variety of the study models, different levels of toxicity assessment endpoints, etc. Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework is a useful tool to achieve this goal so as to facilitate comprehensive understanding of toxicity assessment of PM2.5 on cardiovascular system. This review aims to illustrate the causal mechanistic relationships of PM2.5-triggered cardiovascular toxicity from different levels (from molecular/cellular/organ to individual/population) by using AOP framework. Based on the AOP Wiki and published literature, we propose an AOP framework focusing on the cardiovascular toxicity induced by PM2.5 exposure. The molecular initiating event (MIE) is identified as reactive oxygen species generation, followed by the key events (KEs) of oxidative damage and mitochondria dysfunction, which induces vascular endothelial dysfunction via vascular endothelial cell autophagy dysfunction, vascular fibrosis via vascular smooth muscle cell activation, cardiac dysregulation via myocardial apoptosis, and cardiac fibrosis via fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation, respectively; all of the above cardiovascular injuries ultimately elevate cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population. As far as we know, this is the first work on PM2.5-related cardiovascular AOP construction. In the future, more work needs to be done to explore new markers in the safety assessment of cardiovascular toxicity induced by PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Qinglin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoke Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Lisen Lin
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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26
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Shen F, Li D, Chen J. Mechanistic toxicity assessment of fine particulate matter emitted from fuel combustion via pathway-based approaches in human cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150214. [PMID: 34571223 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fuel exhaust particulate matter (FEPM) is an important source of air pollution worldwide. However, the comparative and mechanistic toxicity of FEPMs emitted from combustion of different fuels is still not fully understood. This study employed pathway-based approaches via human cells to evaluate mechanistic toxicity of FEPMs. The results showed that FEPMs caused concentration-dependent (0.1-200 μg/mL) cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. FEPMs at low concentration (10 μg/mL) induced cell cycle arrest in S and G2 phases, while high level of FEPMs (200 μg/mL) caused cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Different FEPMs induced distinct expression profiles of toxicity-related genes, illustrating different toxic mechanisms. Furthermore, FEPMs inhibited the phosphorylation of protein kinase A (PKA), which related with reproductive toxicity. Spearman rank correlations among the chemicals carried by FEPMs and the toxic effects revealed that PAHs and metals promoted cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and suppressed PKA activity. Furthermore, PAHs (Nap and Acy) and metals (Al and Pb) in FEPMs were highly and positively correlated with the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, ER stress, metal stress and inflammation. Our findings offered more mechanistic information of FEPMs at the level of subcellular toxicity and help to better understand their potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Fudan Tyndall Center, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Fudan Tyndall Center, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Nemmar A, Beegam S, Zaaba NE, Alblooshi S, Alseiari S, Ali BH. The Salutary Effects of Catalpol on Diesel Exhaust Particles-Induced Thrombogenic Changes and Cardiac Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:99. [PMID: 35052780 PMCID: PMC8773344 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhaled particulate air pollution exerts pulmonary inflammation and cardiovascular toxicity through secondary systemic effects due to oxidative stress and inflammation. Catalpol, an iridiod glucoside, extracted from the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Yet, the potential ameliorative effects of catalpol on particulate air pollution-induced cardiovascular toxicity, has not been studied so far. Hence, we evaluated the possible mitigating mechanism of catalpol (5 mg/kg) which was administered to mice by intraperitoneal injection one hour before the intratracheal (i.t.) administration of a relevant type of pollutant particle, viz. diesel exhaust particles (DEPs, 30 µg/mouse). Twenty-four hours after the lung deposition of DEPs, several cardiovascular endpoints were evaluated. DEPs caused a significant shortening of the thrombotic occlusion time in pial microvessels in vivo, induced platelet aggregation in vitro, and reduced the prothrombin time and the activated partial thromboplastin time. All these actions were effectively mitigated by catalpol pretreatment. Likewise, catalpol inhibited the increase of the plasma concentration of C-reactive proteins, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and P- and E-selectins, induced by DEPs. Moreover, in heart tissue, catalpol inhibited the increase of markers of oxidative (lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase) and nitrosative (nitric oxide) stress, and inflammation (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β) triggered by lung exposure to DEPs. Exposure to DEPs also caused heart DNA damage and increased the levels of cytochrome C and cleaved caspase, and these effects were significantly diminished by the catalpol pretreatment. Moreover, catalpol significantly reduced the DEPs-induced increase of the nuclear factor κB (NFκB) in the heart. In conclusion, catalpol significantly ameliorated DEPs-induced procoagulant events and heart oxidative and nitrosative stress, inflammation, DNA damage and apoptosis, at least partly, through the inhibition of NFκB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (N.E.Z.); (S.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (N.E.Z.); (S.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Nur Elena Zaaba
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (N.E.Z.); (S.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Salem Alblooshi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (N.E.Z.); (S.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Saleh Alseiari
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (N.E.Z.); (S.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Badreldin H. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, Muscat 123, Oman;
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Ma Y, Zheng L, Wang Y, Gao Y, Xu Y. Arachidonic Acid in Follicular Fluid of PCOS Induces Oxidative Stress in a Human Ovarian Granulosa Tumor Cell Line (KGN) and Upregulates GDF15 Expression as a Response. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:865748. [PMID: 35634503 PMCID: PMC9132262 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.865748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the main cause of ovulatory infertility and a common reproductive endocrine disease of women in reproductive age. In addition, nearly half of PCOS patients are associated with obesity, and their total free fatty acids tend to increase. Arachidonic acid (AA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid. Oxidation products of AA reacting with various enzymes[cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX), cytochrome P450s (CYP)] can change cellular mitochondrial distribution and calcium ion concentration, and increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In this study, we analyzed the follicular fluid fatty acids and found higher levels of C20:4n6 (AA) in PCOS patients than in normal control subjects. Also, to determine whether AA induces oxidative stress (OS) in the human ovarian granulosa tumor cell line (KGN) and affects its function, we treated KGN cells with or without reduced glutathione (GSH) and then stimulated them with AA. The results showed that AA significantly reduced the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA), ROS and superoxide anion(O2-)levels in KGN cells. In addition, AA was also found to impair the secretory and mitochondrial functions of KGN cells and induce their apoptosis. We further investigated the downstream genes affected by AA in KGN cells and its mechanism of action. We found that AA upregulated the expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), which had a protective effect on inflammation and tissue damage. Therefore, we investigated whether AA-induced OS in KGN cells upregulates GDF15 expression as an OS response.Through silencing of GDF15 and supplementation with recombinant GDF15 (rGDF15), we found that GDF15, expressed as an OS response, protected KGN cells against AA-induced OS effects, such as impairment of secretory and mitochondrial functions and apoptosis. Therefore, this study suggested that AA might induce OS in KGN cells and upregulate the expression of GDF15 as a response to OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Ma
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianwen Zheng
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yeling Wang
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiyin Gao
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Xu,
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29
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Lin CH, Nicol CJB, Wan C, Chen SJ, Huang RN, Chiang MC. Exposure to PM 2.5 induces neurotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Neurotoxicology 2021; 88:25-35. [PMID: 34718062 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ambient air pollution is a global public health issue. Recent evidence suggests that exposure to fine aerosolized particulate matter (PM) as small as ≤2.5 microns (PM2.5) is neurotoxic to brain structures. Many studies also suggest exposure to PM2.5 may cause neurotoxicity and affect brain function. However, the molecular mechanisms by which PM2.5 exerts these effects are not fully understood. Thus, we evaluated the hypothesis that PM2.5 exposure exerts its neurotoxic effects via increased oxidative and inflammatory cellular damage and mitochondrial dysfunction using human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Here, we show PM2.5 exposure significantly decreases viability, and increases caspase 3 and 9 protein expression and activity in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, PM2.5 exposure decreases SH-SY5Y survival, disrupts cell and mitochondrial morphology, and significantly decreases ATP levels, D-loop levels, and mitochondrial mass and function (maximal respiratory function, COX activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential) in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, SH-SY5Y cells exposed to PM2.5 have significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of survival genes (CREB and Bcl-2) and neuroprotective genes (PPARγ and AMPK). We further show SH-SY5Y cells exposure to PM2.5 induces significant increases in the levels of oxidative stress, and expression levels of the inflammatory mediator's TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB. Taken together, these results provide the first evidence of the biochemical, molecular and morphological effects of PM2.5 on human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells, and support our hypothesis that increased mitochondrial disruption, oxidative stress and inflammation are critical mediators of its neurotoxic effects. These findings further improve our understanding of the neuronal cell impact of PM2.5 exposure, and may be useful in the design of strategies for the treatment and prevention of human neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hung Lin
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Christopher J B Nicol
- Departments of Pathology & Molecular Medicine and Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, and Cancer Biology and Genetics Division, Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Chuan Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Jiuun Chen
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Huang
- Department of Entomology and Research Center for Plant-Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Chiang
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.
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Liang S, Zhao T, Xu Q, Duan J, Sun Z. Evaluation of fine particulate matter on vascular endothelial function in vivo and in vitro. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112485. [PMID: 34246944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and high-fat diet (HFD) are linked to the development of atherosclerosis. However, there is still unknown about the PM2.5-induced atherosclerosis formation on vascular endothelial injury after co-exposed to PM2.5 and HFD. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PM2.5 on atherogenesis in C57BL/6 mice and endothelial cells, as well as the co-exposure effect of PM2.5 and HFD. In vivo study, C57BL/6 mice exposed to PM2.5 and fed with standard chow diet (STD) or HFD for 1 month. PM2.5 could increase vascular stiffness accessed by Doppler ultrasound, and more serious in co-exposure group. PM2.5 impaired vascular endothelial layer integrity, exfoliated endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells infiltration through H&E staining. PM2.5 reduced the expression of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in vessel. Moreover, PM2.5 could induce systemic inflammation detected by Mouse Inflammation Array. In vitro study, PM2.5 triggered markedly mitochondrial damage by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and flow cytometer. Inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in PM2.5-exposed group. The cell viability and migration of endothelial cells were significantly suppressed. In addition, PM2.5 remarkably declined the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and increased the expression of somatostatin (SST) and its receptor. In conclusion, co-exposure of PM2.5 and HFD might induce systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in normal mice. Moreover, PM2.5 could reduce vascular endothelial repair capacity through inhibiting the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Qing Xu
- Core Facility Centre, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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Yuan CS, Lai CS, Tseng YL, Hsu PC, Lin CM, Cheng FJ. Repeated exposure to fine particulate matter constituents lead to liver inflammation and proliferative response in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112636. [PMID: 34392150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of ≦2.5 µm, PM2.5) exposure cause adverse health effects, including lung inflammation. Through intra-tracheal instillation of PM2.5 components, the study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory and proliferative effects on mice liver. PM2.5 samples were collected near an industrial complex at southern Taiwan. Mice were exposed to water extracts or insoluble particles by intra-tracheal instillation. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups: control, low dose insoluble particle exposure (LP), high dose insoluble particle exposure (HP), low dose water extract exposure (LW), and high dose water extract exposure (HW). Biochemical analysis, western blotting, histological examination, and immunohistochemistry were employed to evaluate the results. RESULT Enrichment factor (EF) of metallic elements showed that the EFs of trace elements (Ti, V, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cu) in PM2.5 were above 10. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining of the liver tissue showed inflammatory infiltration in particle exposure group; hepatocyte ballooning degeneration and karyomegaly were seen in the water extract exposure group. Upregulation of inflammatory signaling, p65 and p50, and caspase-3 (an important effector involved in apoptosis) positive hepatocytes was significantly increased in the HP group, followed by an elevation in protein levels of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153 (GADD153). Increased protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was noted in the LW and HW groups. An increase in phosphorylation of regulators of cell proliferation, Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, were detected in the LW and HW groups. CONCLUSION The present study shows that the insoluble particle composition of PM2.5 induced inflammatory signaling and cytokines upregulation in the liver, accompanied with inflammatory cell and macrophage infiltration and an abnormal liver function. Exposure of water extract to PM2.5 induced signals of upregulated cellular proliferation, elevated markers of cell proliferation in liver, hepatocyte ballooning degeneration and karyomegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Shin Yuan
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC; Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Shu Lai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Lun Tseng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Chi Hsu
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81164, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chieh-Mo Lin
- Departme nt of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Puzi, Chiayi County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fu-Jen Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, ROC; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, ROC.
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32
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Zhou R, Xia M, Zhang L, Cheng Y, Yan J, Sun Y, Wang J, Jiang H. Fine particles in surgical smoke affect embryonic cardiomyocyte differentiation through oxidative stress and mitophagy. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 217:112259. [PMID: 33910067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Surgical smoke is widespread in operating rooms, and fine particles are the main toxic components. However, the effect of fine particles in surgical smoke on embryonic development has not yet been studied. This study evaluated the effect of fine particles in surgical smoke on embryonic development and compared it with that of atmospheric fine particles. Afterwards, differentiated cardiomyocytes were purified, and the effect of exposure to fine particles in surgical smoke on cardiomyocyte differentiation was evaluated. Fine particles in surgical smoke exhibited weak embryotoxicity toward an embryonic stem cell test model, and their inhibitory effect on cardiomyocyte differentiation was slightly stronger than that of atmospheric fine particles. Fine particles in surgical smoke specifically inhibited the differentiation of the mesoderm lineage and promoted the differentiation of the ectoderm lineage. Furthermore, fine particles in surgical smoke reduced the beating rate of purified cardiomyocytes, promoted mitophagy, reduced ATP production and increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. Antioxidants attenuated the inhibition of cardiomyocyte differentiation and the reduction in the cardiomyocyte beating rate caused by fine particles in surgical smoke and simultaneously restored mitophagy and other processes to the control levels. However, mitophagy inhibitors treatment blocked only the inhibition of cardiomyocyte differentiation caused by fine particles in surgical smoke; it had little effect on other changes caused by fine particles. Based on the results described above, we propose that fine particles in surgical smoke and atmospheric fine particles exhibit similar levels of toxicity toward embryonic development. Fine particles in surgical smoke potentially affect the beating of cardiomyocytes by damaging mitochondria and increasing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Zhou
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
| | - Ming Xia
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Yanyong Cheng
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Jia Yan
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Hong Jiang
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
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Wei H, Yuan W, Yu H, Geng H. Cytotoxicity induced by fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) via mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in rat alveolar macrophages. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25819-25829. [PMID: 33474668 PMCID: PMC7817249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12431-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although positive associations exist between ambient particulate matter (PM2.5; diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) and the morbidity and mortality rates for respiratory diseases, the biological mechanisms of the reported health effects are unclear. Considering that alveolar macrophages (AM) are the main cells responsible for phagocytic clearance of xenobiotic particles that reach the airspaces of the lungs, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether PM2.5 induced AM apoptosis, and investigate its possible mechanisms. Freshly isolated AM from Wistar rats were treated with extracted PM2.5 at concentrations of 33, 100, or 300 μg/mL for 4 h; thereafter, the cytotoxic effects were evaluated. The results demonstrated that PM2.5 induced cytotoxicity by decreasing cell viability and increasing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in AMs. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular calcium cations (Ca2+) markedly increased in higher PM2.5 concentration groups. Additionally, the apoptotic ratio increased, and the apoptosis-related proteins BCL2-associated X (Bax), caspase-3, and caspase-9 were upregulated, whereas B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein levels were downregulated following PM2.5 exposure. Cumulative findings showed that PM2.5 induced apoptosis in AMs through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway, which indicated that PM2.5 plays a significant role in lung injury diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Wei
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Wanjun Yuan
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Huan Yu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Hong Geng
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
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Wang YL, Zheng CM, Lee YH, Cheng YY, Lin YF, Chiu HW. Micro- and Nanosized Substances Cause Different Autophagy-Related Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4787. [PMID: 33946416 PMCID: PMC8124422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With rapid industrialization, humans produce an increasing number of products. The composition of these products is usually decomposed. However, some substances are not easily broken down and gradually become environmental pollutants. In addition, these substances may cause bioaccumulation, since the substances can be fragmented into micro- and nanoparticles. These particles or their interactions with other toxic matter circulate in humans via the food chain or air. Whether these micro- and nanoparticles interfere with extracellular vesicles (EVs) due to their similar sizes is unclear. Micro- and nanoparticles (MSs and NSs) induce several cell responses and are engulfed by cells depending on their size, for example, particulate matter with a diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5). Autophagy is a mechanism by which pathogens are destroyed in cells. Some artificial materials are not easily decomposed in organisms. How do these cells or tissues respond? In addition, autophagy operates through two pathways (increasing cell death or cell survival) in tumorigenesis. Many MSs and NSs have been found that induce autophagy in various cells and tissues. As a result, this review focuses on how these particles interfere with cells and tissues. Here, we review MSs, NSs, and PM2.5, which result in different autophagy-related responses in various tissues or cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Li Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-F.L.)
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan;
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Yun Cheng
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-F.L.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan;
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-F.L.)
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
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Lee HJ, Park HJ. Germinated Rhynchosia nulubilis Fermented with Lactobacillus pentosus SC65 Reduces Particulate Matter Induced Type II Alveolar Epithelial Apoptotic Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3660. [PMID: 33915904 PMCID: PMC8038076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is a significant environmental pollutant that promotes respiratory diseases, including lung injury and inflammation, by inducing oxidative stress. Rhynchosia nulubilis (black soybean) is traditionally used to prevent chronic respiratory disease via inducing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. To investigate the effects of Lactobacillus pentosus SC65 fermented GR (GR-SC65) and Pediococcus pentosaceus ON81A (GR-ON81A) against PM-induced oxidative stress and cell death in A549 cells, we performed the 2-7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and cell counting kit-8 assays, as well as Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide staining and western blotting. GR-SC65 showed the highest total polyphenolic contents and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylidrazil radical scavenging activity among lactic acid bacteria-fermented GRs (p < 0.001 vs. GR). Four soy peptides, β-conglycinin breakdowns (INAENNQRNF, ISSEDKPFN, LAFPGSAQAVEK, and LAFPGSAKDIEN), were detected in GR-SC65, but not in GR. In GR-SC65, PM-induced A549 cell death was less than that observed in GR-ON81A and GR (p < 0.001 vs. PM-treated group). GR-SC65 significantly decreased intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) when compared with PM (*** p < 0.001 vs. PM). GR-SC65 decreased the levels of BAX, active caspase-9, -3, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) proteins (#p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 vs. PM), while increasing the level of BCL-2 protein, a mitochondrial anti-apoptotic protein (###p < 0.001 vs. PM). Our findings indicate that GR-SC65 inhibited PM-induced cell death by suppressing the levels of ROS, active caspase-9 and -3, and PARP proteins, while enhancing the level of BCL-2 protein in type II alveolar epithelial A549 cells. Therefore, GR-SC65 might be a potential therapeutic and preventive agent against PM-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hye-Jin Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
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36
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Natural compounds protect the skin from airborne particulate matter by attenuating oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111534. [PMID: 34311532 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is a common indirect indicator of air pollution and threatens public health upon prolonged exposure, leading to oxidative stress, increasing the risk of develop respiratory and cardiovascular, as well as several autoimmune diseases and cancer. Nowadays, as a first line defense against PM, skin health attracted much attention. Our review summarized the skin damage mechanism induced by PM, including damage skin barrier directly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, autophagy, and two canonical signaling pathways. Furthermore, ROS and oxidative stress have been considered pathogenesis centers, with essential skin damage roles. Extracts from plants and natural compounds which present high antioxidant capacity could be used to treat or protect against air pollution-related skin damage. We conclude the extracts reported in recent studies with protective effects on PM-mediated skin damage. Besides, the mechanism of extracts' positive effects has been revealed partially.
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Zheng L, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Fu Y, Yang Z, Fan Y, Sun Z, Zhao M, Zhu L, Dai B, An D, Zhang D, Liu S. EGFR inhibitors regulate Ca 2+ concentration and apoptosis after PM 2.5 exposure based on a lung-mimic microfluidic system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143200. [PMID: 33213910 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has side effects on human health. Epidemiology studies indicate a positive association between ambient fine particle (PM2.5, or particles less than 2.5 μm in diameter) concentration and lung cancer. However, how fine particles affect lung cancer at the molecular level and related therapeutic methods to address these diseases are unclear. Here, the multi-omics analysis (DNA methylation and transcriptomic) was used to detect human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE), that were exposed to PM2.5 using a quantified, small, portable, and organ-level air-liquid interface microfluidic system that mimics lung functions. The results indicate that 36,838 differentially methylated genes were detected. Of these 33,796 genes were hypomethylated (beta < 0), and 2862 genes were hypermethylated (beta > 0). RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated that 19,489 genes were upregulated (log2FC > 0), and 16,659 were downregulated. Furthermore, the calcium and apoptosis pathways were activated according to multi-omics analysis. The change in EGFR gene expression after PM2.5 exposure was the result of alterations of the cellular DNA methylome in the promoter. Inhibition or down-regulation of EGFR could result in the regulation of the downstream intracellular Ca2+ concentration and apoptosis via the EGFR/PLCγ and EGFR/STAT/Bcl-XL pathways after PM2.5 exposure. EGFR inhibitors decrease the Ca2+ concentration of cells, thereby strengthening the effects of fine particles on apoptosis. In short, the Ca2+ concentration and the apoptosis of cells can be regulated via EGFR related pathway after PM2.5 exposure. The EGFR may be a potentially promising therapeutic target for the treatment of air pollution-induced lung cancer through regulation of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yule Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yongfeng Fu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhijin Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Mantong Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Dong An
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, China.
| | - Sixiu Liu
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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38
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Wang Y, Zhong Y, Liao J, Wang G. PM2.5-related cell death patterns. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1024-1029. [PMID: 33456360 PMCID: PMC7807185 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.46421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasingly serious problem of environmental pollution, the health problems caused by PM2.5 are gradually coming into our line of sight. Previous researches have indicated that air pollution is nearly related to various diseases, but few studies have focused on the exact function mediated by particulate matter less than 2.5 (PM2.5) in these diseases. PM2.5 is known to induce multiple ways of cell death, including autophagy, necrosis, apoptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. Therefore, it is of much importance to understand the different ways of cell death caused by PM2.5 in the pathogenesis and treatment of PM2.5-related diseases. This present review is an insight of multiple ways of PM2.5‑induced cell death in different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yijue Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiping Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Wang C, He M, Chen B, Hu B. Study on cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and elimination of rare-earth-doped upconversion nanoparticles in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 203:110951. [PMID: 32678752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The growing use of rare-earth doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) has caused increasing concern about their biosafety. Here, to understand the toxicity of UCNPs and their mechanism in HepG2 cells, we systematically study the cytotoxicity, uptake and elimination behaviors of three types of UCNPs combined multiple cytotoxicity evaluation means with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection. Sodium yttrium fluoride, doped with 18% (molar ratio) ytterbium and 2% erbium (NaYF4: Yb3+, Er3+) was selected as the model UCNPs with two sizes (35 and 55 nm), and the poly(acrylic acid) and polyethylenimine were selected as the representatives of negative and positive surface coating of UCNPs, respectively. UCNPs were found to induce cytotoxicity in time- and dose-dependent manners, which might be mediated by reactive oxygen species generation and oxidative stress. Apoptosis, inflammation, and metabolic process were enhanced after cells exposed to 200 mg/L UCNPs for 48 h. Increase in the protein levels of cleaved caspased-9, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax and decrease in the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2 suggested that the mitochondria mediated pathway was involved in UCNP-induced apoptosis. With the aid of ICP-MS, it demonstrated that the cytotoxicity was associated with internalized amount of UCNPs, which largely relied on their surface properties rather than size in the tested range. By comparing UCNPs with Y3+ ions, it demonstrated that NPs properties played a nonnegligible role in the cytotoxicity of UCNPs. These findings provide new insights for fundamental understanding of cytotoxicity of UCNPs and may contribute to more rational use of these materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Man He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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40
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Liu X, Zhao X, Li X, Lv S, Ma R, Qi Y, Abulikemu A, Duan H, Guo C, Li Y, Sun Z. PM 2.5 triggered apoptosis in lung epithelial cells through the mitochondrial apoptotic way mediated by a ROS-DRP1-mitochondrial fission axis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 397:122608. [PMID: 32387827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies revealed a sharp increase in respiratory diseases attributed to PM2.5. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Evidence suggested mitochondrion as a sensitive target upon the stimulus of PM2.5, and the centrality in the pathological processes and clinical characterization of lung diseases. To investigate cell fate and related mechanisms caused by PM2.5, we exposed human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) to PM2.5 (0-100 μg/mL). Consequently, PM2.5 components were found in cytoplasm, and morphological and functional alterations in mitochondria occurred, as evidenced by loss of cristae, vacuolization and even the outer mitochondrial membrane rupture, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS)/mtROS level, calcium overload, suppressed cellular respiration and ATP production in PM2.5-treated cells. Further, disturbed dynamics toward fission was clearly observed in PM2.5-treated mitochondria, associated with DRP1 mitochondrial translocation and phosphorylation. Besides, PM2.5 induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. More importantly, mechanistic results revealed ROS- and DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission in a reciprocal way, and DRP1 inhibitor (Mdivi-1) significantly alleviated the pro-apoptotic effect of PM2.5 through reversing the activated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In summary, our results firstly revealed PM2.5 induced apoptosis in lung epithelial cells through a ROS-DRP1-mitochodrial fission axis-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, ultimately contributing to the onset and development of pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xinying Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Songqing Lv
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ru Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yi Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Alimire Abulikemu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Huawei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
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Wang Y, Puthussery JV, Yu H, Verma V. Synergistic and antagonistic interactions among organic and metallic components of the ambient particulate matter (PM) for the cytotoxicity measured by Chinese hamster ovary cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 736:139511. [PMID: 32474273 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although PM2.5 toxicity is known to be related to its chemical composition, the effect of interactions among various particles' components on the toxicity is not well explored. To understand these interactions, especially metals and organic compounds on PM2.5 cytotoxicity, we chose several redox-active substances known to be present in the ambient particles such as metals (Cu, Fe, and Mn) and quinones [9,10-phenanthraquinone (PQ), 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NQ), 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NQ), and 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (5,H-1,4-NQ)]. Cytotoxicity was assessed through a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells assay and expressed by a median lethal concentration (LC50). Two methods were employed to assess the interactions. In the first method, we tested the impact of nontoxic level of a component on the LC50 of other components. In the second method, we mixed two components in different concentration ratios to expose the cells and calculated a mixture toxicity index (MTI). MTI is a composite value to quantify the nature of interactions such that the interactions are considered synergistic when MTI > 1, additive when 0 < MTI ≤ 1 and antagonistic when MTI < 0. The interactions between quinones and metals were largely synergistic by both methods. To further assess the environmental relevance of these mixtures, we extracted organic compounds termed as water-soluble Humic-like substances (HULIS) from real ambient PM samples and mixed them with individual metals. A similar pattern, as observed from the interaction of quinones and metals, was found. Moreover, the interactions became more synergistic as the relative concentration of metals with respect to water-soluble HULIS was decreased in these mixtures. With environmentally relevant mass concentration ratios of organics to metals (75-7500), the interactions were strongly synergistic (MTI = 1-115). These results indicate the importance of incorporating the interaction among various PM components for estimating the net toxicity of ambient PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Joseph V Puthussery
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Haoran Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Vishal Verma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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Kan X, Liu J, Chen Y, Guo W, Xu D, Cheng J, Cao Y, Yang Z, Fu S. Myricetin protects against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2684-2695. [PMID: 32885418 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
High-producing dairy cows are prone to oxidative stress due to their high secretion and strong metabolism, and excessive oxidative stress may cause the apoptosis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs). Myricetin (Myr) has been shown to have a wide range of pharmaceutical activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Myr on hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in bMECs and to clarify the underlying mechanism. bMECs were pretreated with or without Myr and then stimulated with H2 O2 . The results showed that Myr significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase levels and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in a model of oxidative stress induced by H2 O2 in bMECs. Mechanistic studies found that Myr inhibited H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress in bMECs through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (AMPK/NRF2) signaling pathway. Additional research found that Myr could also inhibit H2 O2 -induced apoptosis in bMECs through NRF2. These data suggest that Myr effectively alleviated oxidative stress and apoptosis in H2 O2 -induced bMECs through the activation of the AMPK/NRF2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchi Kan
- Department of Theoretic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Juxiong Liu
- Department of Theoretic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Yingsheng Chen
- Department of Theoretic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjin Guo
- Department of Theoretic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Dianwen Xu
- Department of Theoretic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Ji Cheng
- Department of Theoretic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Theoretic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Zhanqing Yang
- Department of Theoretic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- Department of Theoretic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
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43
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Feng L, Wei J, Liang S, Sun Z, Duan J. miR-205/IRAK2 signaling pathway is associated with urban airborne PM 2.5-induced myocardial toxicity. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:1198-1212. [PMID: 32880505 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1813824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is closely linked with cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of PM2.5 on cardiac function remains unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-205 (miR-205) on PM2.5-induced myocardial inflammation and cardiac dysfunction. PM2.5 increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), following by decreased cell viability and antioxidant enzymes, resulting in apoptosis of cardiomyocytes (AC16). The histopathological and ultrastructural analysis demonstrated that PM2.5 caused myocardial damage via interstitial edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and myocardial fiber destruction. PM2.5 enhanced the release of inflammatory factors in AC16 cells and heart tissue. Microarray analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays demonstrated that PM2.5-induced down-regulation of miR-205 regulated interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 2 (IRAK2), which further activated the TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)/nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in vivo. Moreover, the chemical mimics of miR-205 markedly inhibited the IRAK2/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway, whereas the chemical inhibitors of miR-205 amplified PM2.5-induced activation of the IRAK2 signaling pathway in vitro. In summary, our results found that PM2.5 could trigger myocardial toxicity via miR-205 negative regulating the IRAK2/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway. Our study suggests that miR-205 could be a promising target molecule for mitigating the hazardous effects of PM2.5 on the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Feng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jialiu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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44
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Sotty J, Kluza J, De Sousa C, Tardivel M, Anthérieu S, Alleman LY, Canivet L, Perdrix E, Loyens A, Marchetti P, Lo Guidice JM, Garçon G. Mitochondrial alterations triggered by repeated exposure to fine (PM 2.5-0.18) and quasi-ultrafine (PM 0.18) fractions of ambient particulate matter. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 142:105830. [PMID: 32585499 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays ambient particulate matter (PM) levels still regularly exceed the guideline values established by World Health Organization in most urban areas. Numerous experimental studies have already demonstrated the airway toxicity of the fine fraction of PM (FP), mainly triggered by oxidative stress-induced airway inflammation. However, only few studies have actually paid close attention to the ultrafine fraction of PM (UFP), which is likely to be more easily internalized in cells and more biologically reactive. Mitochondria are major endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through oxidative metabolism, and coordinate many critical cellular signaling processes. Mitochondria have been often studied in the context of PM toxicity and generally associated with apoptosis activation. However, little is known about the underlying adaptation mechanisms that could occur following exposure at sub-apoptotic doses of ambient PM. Here, normal human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were acutely or repeatedly exposed to relatively low doses (5 µg.cm-2) of FP (PM2.5-0.18) or quasi-UFP (Q-UFP; PM0.18) to better access the critical changes in mitochondrial morphology, functions, and dynamics. No significant cytotoxicity nor increase of apoptotic events were reported for any exposure. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and intracellular ATP content were also not significantly impaired. After cell exposure to sub-apoptotic doses of FP and notably Q-UFP, oxidative phosphorylation was increased as well as mitochondrial mass, resulting in increased production of mitochondrial superoxide anion. Given this oxidative boost, the NRF2-ARE signaling pathway was significantly activated. However, mitochondrial dynamic alterations in favor of accentuated fission process were observed, in particular after Q-UFP vs FP, and repeated vs acute exposure. Taken together, these results supported mitochondrial quality control and metabolism dysfunction as an early lung underlying mechanism of toxicity, thereby leading to accumulation of defective mitochondria and enhanced endogenous ROS generation. Therefore, these features might play a key role in maintaining PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation within lung cells, which could dramatically contribute to the exacerbation of inflammatory chronic lung diseases. The prospective findings of this work could also offer new insights into the physiopathology of lung toxicity, arguably initiate and/or exacerbate by acutely and rather repeated exposure to ambient FP and mostly Q-UFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sotty
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J Kluza
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut de Recherche contre le Cancer de Lille, UMR 9020-UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000 Lille, France
| | - C De Sousa
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - M Tardivel
- Univ. Lille, BioImaging Centre Lille-Nord de France (BICeL), 59000, Lille, France
| | - S Anthérieu
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - L-Y Alleman
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - L Canivet
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - E Perdrix
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Loyens
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - P Marchetti
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut de Recherche contre le Cancer de Lille, UMR 9020-UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J-M Lo Guidice
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - G Garçon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France.
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45
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Zhang Z, Su H, Ahmed RZ, Zheng Y, Jin X. Critical biomarkers for myocardial damage by fine particulate matter: Focused on PPARα-regulated energy metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114659. [PMID: 32380395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter is one of the leading threats to cardiovascular health worldwide. The exploration of novel and sensitive biomarkers to detect damaging effect of fine particulate matter on cardiac tissues is of great importance in the better understanding of haze-caused myocardial injury. A link between heart failure and PPARα-regulated energy metabolism has been confirmed previously. Herein, the study intends to reveal the critical biomarkers of fine particulate matter induced myocardial damage from the PPARα-regulated energy metabolism. Ambient fine particulate matter induced severe pathological alterations in cultured cells, accompanied by the decrease in ATP content. Additionally, the expressions of CPT1/CPT2 and levels of CS and MDH, crucial members in β-oxidation and the TCA cycle, were significantly decreased. In direct contrast, fine particulate matter increased the biomarkers of glycolysis, as measured by the accumulation of pyruvate and lactate contents, and the enhanced activities of HK and PKM1/2. Importantly, fine particulate matter-exposed cardiomyocytes exhibited the reduced PPARα level, that increased when cardiomyocytes were co-incubation with WY-14643 and fine particulate matter. Simultaneously, the adverse impact of fine particulate matter on critical biomarkers were observed in β-oxidation, TCA cycle and glycolysis, associated with WY-14643 additional complement. Fine particulate matter caused the myocardial energy metabolism transformation through the regulation of PPARα expression and translation, which provided novel and critical biomarkers for haze particles-caused myocardial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huilan Su
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rifat Zubair Ahmed
- Dept. of Genetics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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46
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Kunovac A, Hathaway QA, Pinti MV, Taylor AD, Hollander JM. Cardiovascular adaptations to particle inhalation exposure: molecular mechanisms of the toxicology. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H282-H305. [PMID: 32559138 PMCID: PMC7473925 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00026.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ambient air, occupational settings, and the use and distribution of consumer products all serve as conduits for toxicant exposure through inhalation. While the pulmonary system remains a primary target following inhalation exposure, cardiovascular implications are exceptionally culpable for increased morbidity and mortality. The epidemiological evidence for cardiovascular dysfunction resulting from acute or chronic inhalation exposure to particulate matter has been well documented, but the mechanisms driving the resulting disturbances remain elusive. In the current review, we aim to summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are directly linked to cardiovascular health following exposure to a variety of inhaled toxicants. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the biochemical changes in the cardiovascular system following particle inhalation exposure and to highlight potential biomarkers that exist across multiple exposure paradigms. We attempt to integrate these molecular signatures in an effort to provide direction for future investigations. This review also characterizes how molecular responses are modified in at-risk populations, specifically the impact of environmental exposure during critical windows of development. Maternal exposure to particulate matter during gestation can lead to fetal epigenetic reprogramming, resulting in long-term deficits to the cardiovascular system. In both direct and indirect (gestational) exposures, connecting the biochemical mechanisms with functional deficits outlines pathways that can be targeted for future therapeutic intervention. Ultimately, future investigations integrating "omics"-based approaches will better elucidate the mechanisms that are altered by xenobiotic inhalation exposure, identify biomarkers, and guide in clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Kunovac
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Quincy A Hathaway
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Mark V Pinti
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Andrew D Taylor
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - John M Hollander
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
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Wei J, Liu J, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Li X, Zhou G, Zhao Y, Sun Z, Zhou X. Endosulfan induces cardiotoxicity through apoptosis via unbalance of pro-survival and mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathways. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 727:138790. [PMID: 32344260 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the associations between endosulfan and adverse cardiovascular health have been reported, the toxic effects and underlying mechanism of endosulfan on the heart are not well understood. In this study, we examined the cardiotoxicity induced by endosulfan using Wistar rats and human cardiomyocytes (AC16) cells. Wistar rats were divided into control group (received corn oil alone) and three concentrations of endosulfan groups (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg·bw) by gavage. The AC16 cells were treated with three various concentrations (0, 1.25, 5, and 20 μg/mL) of endosulfan. The results showed that endosulfan induced cytotoxicity through damaging myocardial structure, decreasing the viability of cardiomyocytes, and elevating the serum levels of cardiac troponin I, heart fatty acid binding protein, aspartate aminotransferase, and reactive oxygen species (p < 0.05). Moreover, measurement of mitochondrial function showed that endosulfan could significantly decrease adenosine triphosphate levels and cytochrome c oxidase IV expression in AC16 cells (p < 0.05). In addition, endosulfan obviously inhibited Bcl-2 expression, activated the expressions of cytochrome c/Caspase-9/Caspase-3 signaling pathway, and induced the apoptosis of AC16 cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, endosulfan significantly increased the expression of Bim, and inhibited the expressions of PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathways in cardiomyocytes (p < 0.05). These results suggest that endosulfan may induce cardiotoxicity by inducing myocardial apoptosis resulting from activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway and inhibition of pro-survival signaling pathways, which might be helpful in elucidating the mechanism of cardiac dysfunction induced by endosulfan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lianshuang Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yupeng Zhu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guiqing Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhi Zhao
- Yanjing Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianqing Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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48
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Wang Y, Wu T, Tang M. Ambient particulate matter triggers dysfunction of subcellular structures and endothelial cell apoptosis through disruption of redox equilibrium and calcium homeostasis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 394:122439. [PMID: 32200236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (APM) is becoming a global environmental problem that seriously jeopardizes public health. Previous evidence hinted that APM correlates to cardiovascular diseases. As a potential target, equilibrium of endothelial cell is a prerequisite for vascular health which could be vulnerably attacked by particles, but the specific mechanisms whereby APM damages endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. In the current study, based on two classical mechanisms of oxidative stress and intracellular calcium overload, we aimed to explore their roles in APM-induced endothelial cell apoptosis from the perspective of subcellular levels, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. As a result, PM SRM1648a results in oxidative stress and calcium overload in EA.hy926 cells. Additionally, ERs and mitochondria could be severely disturbed by particles in morphology and function, characterized by swelling ERs, mitochondrial fission and disappearance of cristae, coupled with ER damage, mtROS overproduction and significant reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Adverse effects on these organelles are the prime culprits of following apoptosis in endothelial cells. Fortunately, additional antioxidants and calcium inhibitors could mitigate cellular lesion through improvement of subcellular function. Intriguingly, antioxidants relieve cell stress via both mitochondrial and ER stress-mediated pathways, whereas the role of calcium modulators in cell apoptosis is independent of the mitochondrial pathway but could be explained by amelioration of ER stress. In conclusion, our data basically revealed that internalized PM SRM1648a triggers oxidative stress and calcium influx in EA.hy926 endothelial cells, followed by multiple subcellular damage and eventually contributes to cell death, during which antioxidants and calcium inhibitors confer protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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Yirong C, Shengchen W, Jiaxin S, Shuting W, Ziwei Z. DEHP induces neutrophil extracellular traps formation and apoptosis in carp isolated from carp blood via promotion of ROS burst and autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:114295. [PMID: 32179220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a widely spreading environmental endocrine disruptor, has been confirmed to adversely affect the development of animals and humans. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) termed NETosis, is a recently identified antimicrobial mechanism for neutrophils. Though previous researches have investigated inescapable role of the immunotoxicity in DEHP-exposed model, relatively little is known about the effect of DEHP on NETs. In this study, carp peripheral blood neutrophils were treated with 40 and 200 μmol/L DEHP to investigate the underlying mechanisms of DEHP-induced NETs formation. Through the morphological observation of NETs and quantitative analysis of extracellular DNA, we found that DEHP exposure induced NETs formation. Moreover, our results proved that DEHP could increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, decrease the expression of the anti-autophagy factor (mTOR) and the anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2, and increase the expression of pro-autophagy genes (Dynein, Beclin-1 and LC3B) and the pro-apoptosis factors (BAX, Fas, FasL, Caspase3, Caspase8, and Caspase9), thus promoting autophagy and apoptosis. These results indicate that DEHP-induced ROS burst stimulates NETs formation mediated by autophagy and increases apoptosis in carp neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Yirong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Wang Shengchen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Sun Jiaxin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Wang Shuting
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Zhang Ziwei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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50
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Jiang J, Li Y, Liang S, Sun B, Shi Y, Xu Q, Zhang J, Shen H, Duan J, Sun Z. Combined exposure of fine particulate matter and high-fat diet aggravate the cardiac fibrosis in C57BL/6J mice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122203. [PMID: 32171159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is associated with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure. In addition, whether high-fat diet (HFD) could exacerbate the PM2.5-induced cardiac injury was unevaluated. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the combined effects of PM2.5 and HFD on cardiac fibrosis. The echocardiography and histopathological analysis showed that co-exposure of PM2.5 and HFD had a significant deleterious effect on both cardiac systolic and diastolic function accompanied the myofibril disorder and myocardial fibrosis in C57BL/6 J mice than exposed to PM2.5 or HFD alone. The augmented oxidative damage and increased α-SMA area percentage were detected in heart tissue of mice exposed to PM2.5 and HFD together. PM2.5 upregulated the expressions of cardiac fibrosis-related special markers, including collagen-I, collagen-III, TGF-β1, p-Smad3 and total Smad3, which had more pronounced activations in co-exposure group. Meanwhile, the factorial analysis exhibited the synergistic interaction regarded to the combined exposure of PM2.5 and HFD. Simultaneously, PM2.5 and palmitic acid increased intracellular ROS generation and activated the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes. While the ROS scavenger NAC had effectively attenuated the ROS level and suppressed the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Taken together, our results demonstrated combined exposure to PM2.5 and HFD could aggravate cardiac fibrosis via activating the ROS/TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Jiang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiyang Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Shi
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xu
- Core Facilities for Electrophysiology, Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Heqing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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