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Liu D, Jiang N, Yuan Y, Liu H, Ju Y, Sun W, Jia W, Fang Y, Zhao D, Mao J, Kang L. Comprehensive analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics provides insights into the mechanism by plant growth regulators affect the quality of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305185. [PMID: 39178226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A comprehensively analysis of the transcriptomics and metabolomics was conducted to investigate the mechanism of plant growth regulators on the quality of jujube fruit. After the application of plant growth regulators, a total of 3097 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, which were mainly annotated in 123 pathways such as flavonoid biosynthesis, metabolism of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate. In addition, 1091 differential expressed metabolites (DEMs), including 519 up-regulated and 572 down-regulated metabolites, were significantly altered after application of plant growth regulators. DEGs and DEMs simultaneously annotated 69 metabolic pathways, including biosynthesis of phenylpropane, flavonoid, starch and sucrose. The key genes in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were revealed, which may play an important role in plant growth regulator regulation quality of jujube fruit. Besides, the application of plant growth regulator during the jujube flowering period increased the contents of gibberellin and indole-3-acetic acid in leaves, and decreased the contents of abscisic acid. The results may help to reveal the metabolic network and molecular mechanism of plant growth regulators in jujube fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defen Liu
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuting Yuan
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Hejiang Liu
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Urumqi, China
| | - Yanjun Ju
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Urumqi, China
| | - Wanjin Sun
- Social Affairs Service Center of the Eighth Regiment of the First Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, China
| | - Wenzhao Jia
- Agricultural Development Service Center of the Eighth Regiment of the First Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Agricultural Development Service Center of the Eighth Regiment of the First Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, China
| | - Duoyong Zhao
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiefei Mao
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Lu Kang
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Urumqi, China
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
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Kang L, Jia Y, Wu Y, Liu H, Zhao D, Ju Y, Pan C, Mao J. Selenium Nanoparticle and Melatonin Treatments Improve Melon Seedling Growth by Regulating Carbohydrate and Polyamine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7830. [PMID: 39063071 PMCID: PMC11276989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bio-stimulants, such as selenium nanoparticles and melatonin, regulate melon growth. However, the effects of individual and combined applications of selenium nanoparticles and melatonin on the growth of melon seedlings have not been reported. Here, two melon cultivars were sprayed with selenium nanoparticles, melatonin, and a combined treatment, and physiological and biochemical properties were analyzed. The independent applications of selenium nanoparticles, melatonin, and their combination had no significant effects on the plant heights and stem diameters of Jiashi and Huangmengcui melons. Compared with the controls, both selenium nanoparticle and melatonin treatments increased soluble sugars (6-63%) and sucrose (11-88%) levels, as well as the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase (171-237%) in melon leaves. The phenylalanine ammonia lyase (29-95%), trans cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (32-100%), and 4-coumaric acid CoA ligase (26-113%), as well as mRNA levels, also increased in the phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway. Combining the selenium nanoparticles and melatonin was more effective than either of the single treatments. In addition, the levels of superoxide dismutase (43-130%), catalase (14-43%), ascorbate peroxidase (44-79%), peroxidase (25-149%), and mRNA in melon leaves treated with combined selenium nanoparticles and melatonin were higher than in controls. The results contribute to our understanding of selenium nanoparticles and melatonin as bio-stimulants that improve the melon seedlings' growth by regulating carbohydrate, polyamine, and antioxidant capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Kang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.K.)
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Yujiao Jia
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.K.)
| | - Yangliu Wu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hejiang Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Duoyong Zhao
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Yanjun Ju
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.K.)
| | - Jiefei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
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Deng J, Yang JC, Feng Y, Xu ZJ, Kuča K, Liu M, Sun LH. AP-1 and SP1 trans-activate the expression of hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 in the bioactivation of AFB 1 in chicken. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1468-1478. [PMID: 38703348 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2512-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is harmful to the health and performance of domestic animals. The hepatic cytochrome P450s (CYPs), CYP1A1 and CYP2A6, are the primary enzymes responsible for the bioactivation of AFB1 to the highly toxic exo-AFB1-8,9-epoxide (AFBO) in chicks. However, the transcriptional regulation mechanism of these CYP genes in the liver of chicks in AFB1 metabolism remains unknown. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, bioinformatics and site-directed mutation results indicated that specificity protein 1 (SP1) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) motifs were located in the core region -1,063/-948, -606/-541 of the CYP1A1 promoter as well as -636/-595, -503/-462, -147/-1 of the CYP2A6 promoter. Furthermore, overexpression and decoy oligodeoxynucleotide technologies demonstrated that SP1 and AP-1 were pivotal transcriptional activators regulating the promoter activity of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6. Moreover, bioactivation of AFB1 to AFBO could be increased by upregulation of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 expression, which was trans-activated owing to the upregulalion of AP-1, rather than SP1, stimulated by AFB1-induced reactive oxygen species. Additionally, nano-selenium could reduce ROS, downregulate AP-1 expression and then decrease the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6, thus alleviating the toxicity of AFB1. In conclusion, AP-1 and SP1 played important roles in the transactivation of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 expression and further bioactivated AFB1 to AFBO in chicken liver, which could provide novel targets for the remediation of aflatoxicosis in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ze-Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Biswas A, Pal S. Plant-nano interactions: A new insight of nano-phytotoxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108646. [PMID: 38657549 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Whether nanoparticles (NPs) are boon or bane for society has been a centre of in-depth debate and key consideration in recent times. Exclusive physicochemical properties like small size, large surface area-to-volume ratio, robust catalytic activity, immense surface energy, magnetism and superior biocompatibility make NPs obligatory in many scientific, biomedical and industrial ventures. Nano-enabled products are newer entrants in the present era. To attenuate environmental stress and maximize crop yields, scientists are tempted to introduce NPs as augmented supplements in agriculture. The feasible approaches for NPs delivery are irrigation, foliar spraying or seed priming. Internalization of excessive NPs to plants endorses negative implications at higher trophic levels via biomagnification. The characteristics of NPs (dimensions, type, solubility, surface charge), applied concentration and duration of exposure are prime factors conferring nanotoxicity in plants. Several reports approved NPs persuaded toxicity can precisely mimic abiotic stress effects. The signature effects of nanotoxicity include poor root outgrowth, biomass reduction, oxidative stress evolution, lipid peroxidation, biomolecular damage, perturbed antioxidants, genotoxicity and nutrient imbalance in plants. NPs stress impels mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade and urges stress responsive defence gene expression to counteract stress in plants. Exogenous supplementation of nitric oxide (NO), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), phytohormones, and melatonin (ME) is novel strategy to circumvent nanotoxicity. Briefly, this review appraises plants' physio-biochemical responses and adaptation scenarios to endure NPs stress. As NPs stress represents large-scale contaminants, advanced research is indispensable to avert indiscriminate NPs usage for synchronizing nano-security in multinational markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Biswas
- Department of Botany, Lady Brabourne College, P-1/2, Suhrawardy Ave, Beniapukur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700017, India
| | - Suparna Pal
- Department of Botany, Lady Brabourne College, P-1/2, Suhrawardy Ave, Beniapukur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700017, India.
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Sayed EG, Desoukey SF, Desouky AF, Farag MF, El-Kholy RI, Azoz SN. Synergistic Influence of Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation with Nanoparticle Foliar Application Enhances Chili ( Capsicum annuum L.) Antioxidant Enzymes, Anatomical Characteristics, and Productivity under Cold-Stress Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:517. [PMID: 38498503 PMCID: PMC10893074 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus (AMF) inoculation, foliar application of zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs and Se-NPs), and their combined interactions on the growth and productivity of chili pepper under cold-stress conditions. Two field experiments were successfully conducted during the winter seasons of 2021 and 2022 in an experimental field at the Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. The results showed that, under cold stress, the combination of AMF inoculation and ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs as a foliar spray increased the average fruit weight by 92.4% and 98.7%, and the number of fruits by 34.6% and 54.8 compared to control treatment in the 2021 and 2022 seasons, respectively. Additionally, the combination of AMF and a mixture of nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs) significantly increased the total marketable yield by 95.8% and 94.7% compared to the control, which recorded values of 2.4 and 1.9 kg m-2 in the 2021 and 2022 seasons, respectively. Furthermore, the combination of AMF and a mixture of nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs) showed the highest total content of ascorbic acid and capsaicin in chili fruits compared to the other treatments. The combination of AMF and a mixture of nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs) stimulated the accumulation of peroxidase (POD) and nitrogen glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) while decreasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) contents. SDS analysis revealed that the application of ZnO-NPs, Se-NPs, AMF + ZnO-NPs, and AMF + ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs induced the emergence of new protein bands and reconstitution of those damaged by cold stress. Regarding histological structure, the combination of AMF inoculation and ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs as a foliar spray showed an enhancement in the thickness of grana thylakoids and increased the number of chloroplasts. Intriguingly, the findings showed that AMF and a mixture of nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs) could offer guidance for increasing plant development and productivity under cold-stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman G Sayed
- Vegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - S F Desoukey
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Abeer F Desouky
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Institute, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Mervat F Farag
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Ragab I El-Kholy
- Agricultural Botany Department, Genetics Division Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Samah N Azoz
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Yu H, Miao P, Li D, Wu Y, Zhou C, Pan C. Improving red pitaya fruit quality by nano-selenium biofortification to enhance phenylpropanoid and betalain biosynthesis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 267:115653. [PMID: 37948939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Red pitaya, the representative tropical and subtropical fruit, is vulnerable to quality deterioration due to climate or agronomic measures. Nano-selenium (Nano-Se) has shown positive effects on crop biofortification in favour of reversing this situation. In this study, Se could be enriched efficiently in red pitayas via root and foliar application by Nano-Se, which induced higher phenolic acids (16.9-94.2%), total phenols (15.7%), total flavonoids (29.5%) and betacyanins (34.1%) accumulation in flesh. Richer antioxidative features including activities of SOD (25.2%), CAT (33.8%), POD (77.2%), and levels of AsA (25.7%) and DPPH (14.7%) were obtained in Nano-Se-treated pitayas as well as in their 4-8 days shelf-life. The non-targeted metabolomics indicated a boost in amino acids, resulting in the stimulation of phenylpropanoid and betalain biosynthesis. In conclusion, the mechanism of Nano-Se biofortification for red pitaya might be fortifying pigment, as well as the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant substances formation by regulating primary and secondary metabolism facilitated by Se accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Peijuan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yangliu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Chunran Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China.
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Kang L, Wu Y, Jia Y, Chen Z, Kang D, Zhang L, Pan C. Nano-selenium enhances melon resistance to Podosphaera xanthii by enhancing the antioxidant capacity and promoting alterations in the polyamine, phenylpropanoid and hormone signaling pathways. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:377. [PMID: 37845678 PMCID: PMC10577987 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02148-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Powdery mildew is one of the main problematic diseases in melon production, requiring the use of chemical pesticides with disease-resistant cultivars for control. However, the often rapid acquisition of fungicidal resistance by mildew pathogens makes this practice unsustainable. The identification of crop treatments that can enhance resistance to powdery mildew resistance is therefore important to reduce melon crop attrition. This study indicates that the application of Nano-Se can reduce the powdery mildew disease index by 21-45%. The Nano-Se treatment reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, with increases in glutathione (GSH), proline and 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). Increases were also observed in the activities and transcriptional levels of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD). Assays with four different cultivars of melon with differing levels of mildew resistance demonstrated that relative to the control, the Nano-Se treatment resulted in larger responses to mildew infection, including increases in the levels of putrescine (PUT; 43-112%) and spermine (SPM; 36-118%), indoleacetic acid (IAA; 43-172%) and salicylic acid (SA; 24-73%), the activities of phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL), trans-cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) and 4-coumarate: Co A ligase (4CL) of the phenylpropanoid pathway (22-38%, 24-126% and 19-64%, respectively). Key genes in the polyamine and phenylpropanoid pathway were also upregulated. These results indicate that the foliar application of Nano-Se improved melon defenses against powdery mildew infection, with a significant reduction in mildew disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Kang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control & Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan Western Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Yangliu Wu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control & Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan Western Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yujiao Jia
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control & Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan Western Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhendong Chen
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Dexian Kang
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control & Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan Western Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Mkhize P, Shimelis H, Mashilo J. Cucurbitacins B, E and I Concentrations and Relationship with Drought Tolerance in Bottle Gourd [ Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.]. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3492. [PMID: 37836232 PMCID: PMC10574769 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.]) is a relatively drought-tolerant cucurbit due to the high composition of unique biochemical compositions, including cucurbitacin. The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of cucurbitacins in bottle gourd and their relationship to drought tolerance. The study assessed 12 bottle gourd accessions grown under two moisture levels (i.e., non-stressed (NS) and drought-stressed (DS)) and three drought stress intensities (i.e., mild, moderate, and severe) using a 12 × 2 × 3 factorial experiment designed in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Control studies were undertaken under glasshouse conditions. The content of cucurbitacins B, E, and I were quantified in leaves and roots using high-performance liquid Cchromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The free radical scavenging activities of pure cucurbitacins B, E, and I were quantified using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and a ferrulic acid power assay (FRAP). Results revealed that cucurbitacins B and I were present in accessions BG-48, BG-58, BG-70, BG-78, BG-79, BG-81, BG-52, and GC in leaves and roots under DS condition. The contents of cucurbitacins B and I were enhanced under increased drought intensity for accessions BG-48, BG-81, and GC. In all the leaf and root samples, cucurbitacin E was not detectable. Based on the DPPH test, pure cucurbitacins I, B, and E reduced free radicals at maximum values of 78, 60, and 66%, respectively. Based on the FRAP assay, pure cucurbitacins I, B, and E had maximum ferric-reducing powers of 67, 62, and 48%. Additionally, cucurbitacin I recorded the highest antioxidant activity compared to cucurbitacins B and E. Increased cucurbitacin accumulation and antioxidant properties indicate their role in minimising cell damage caused by oxidative stress under drought-stressed environments. The present study revealed that cucurbitacins B and I serve as novel biochemical markers for screening drought tolerance in bottle gourd or related cucurbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phumzile Mkhize
- African Centre for Crop Improvement (ACCI), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa; (H.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Hussein Shimelis
- African Centre for Crop Improvement (ACCI), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa; (H.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Jacob Mashilo
- African Centre for Crop Improvement (ACCI), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa; (H.S.); (J.M.)
- Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Towoomba Research Centre, Agriculture Regulatory and Technology Development, Crop Science Directorate, Private Bag X1615, Bela-Bela 0480, South Africa
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Jia Y, Kang L, Wu Y, Zhou C, Li D, Li J, Pan C. Review on Pesticide Abiotic Stress over Crop Health and Intervention by Various Biostimulants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13595-13611. [PMID: 37669447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants are essential for life on earth, and agricultural crops are a primary food source for humans. For the One Health future, crop health is crucial for safe, high-quality agricultural products and the development of future green commodities. However, the overuse of pesticides in modern agriculture raises concerns about their adverse effects on crop resistance and product quality. Recently, biostimulants, including microecological bacteria agents and nanoparticles, have garnered worldwide interest for their ability to sustain plant health and enhance crop resistance. This review analyzed the effects and mechanisms of pesticide stress on crop health. It also investigated the regulation of biostimulants on crop health and the multiomics mechanism, combining research on nanoselenium activating various crop health aspects conducted by the authors' research group. The paper helps readers understand the impact of pesticides on crop health and the positive influence of various biostimulants, especially nanomaterials and small molecules, on crop health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Jia
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Lu Kang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, P. R. China
| | - Yangliu Wu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Chunran Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Canping Pan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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10
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Saeed K, Nisa FK, Abdalla MA, Mühling KH. The Interplay of Sulfur and Selenium Enabling Variations in Micronutrient Accumulation in Red Spinach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12766. [PMID: 37628947 PMCID: PMC10454573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aside from its importance in human and animal health, low levels of foliar-applied selenate (SeO4) can be advantageous in the presence of sulfur (S), contributing to improved growth, nutrient uptake, and crop quality. A hydroponic experiment in a growth chamber explored the interactive influence of Se and S on micronutrients and several quality indices, such as soluble sugars, organic acids, and total protein concentrations in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Three levels of S (deprivation, adequate, and excessive) with varying quantities of Se (deficient, moderate, and higher) were examined in combination. Under S starvation and along with S nourishment in plant parts, Se treatments were found to cause noticeable variations in plant biomass and the concentrations of the examined elements and other quality parameters. Both Se levels promoted S accumulation in S-treated plants. Although the Se treatment had the opposite effect in shoots, it had a favorable impact on minerals (apart from Mn) in roots grown under S-limiting conditions. The S and Se relationship highlighted beneficial and/or synergistic effects for Mn and Fe in edible spinach portions. Reducing sugars were synergistically boosted by adequate S and moderate Se levels in roots, while in shoots, they were accumulated under moderate-or-higher Se and excessive S. Furthermore, the concentration of the quantified organic acids under S-deficient conditions was aided by various Se levels. In roots, moderate Se under high S application enhanced both malic acid and citric acid, while in the edible parts, higher Se under both adequate and elevated S levels were found to be advantageous in malic acid accumulation. Moreover, by elevating S levels in plant tissues, total protein concentration increased, whereas both moderate and high Se levels (Se1 and Se2) did not alter total protein accumulation in high S-applied roots and shoots. Our findings show that the high S and medium Se dose together benefit nutrient uptake; additionally, their combinations support soluble sugars and organic acids accumulation, contributing ultimately to the nutritional quality of spinach plants. Moreover, consuming 100 g of fresh red spinach shoot enriched with different Se and S levels can contribute to humans' daily micronutrients intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muna Ali Abdalla
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (K.S.); (F.K.N.)
| | - Karl Hermann Mühling
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (K.S.); (F.K.N.)
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11
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Au A, Mojadadi A, Shao JY, Ahmad G, Witting PK. Physiological Benefits of Novel Selenium Delivery via Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076068. [PMID: 37047040 PMCID: PMC10094732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary selenium (Se) intake within the physiological range is critical to maintain various biological functions, including antioxidant defence, redox homeostasis, growth, reproduction, immunity, and thyroid hormone production. Chemical forms of dietary Se are diverse, including organic Se (selenomethionine, selenocysteine, and selenium-methyl-selenocysteine) and inorganic Se (selenate and selenite). Previous studies have largely investigated and compared the health impacts of dietary Se on agricultural stock and humans, where dietary Se has shown various benefits, including enhanced growth performance, immune functions, and nutritional quality of meats, with reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, and finally enhanced thyroid health and fertility in humans. The emergence of nanoparticles presents a novel and innovative technology. Notably, Se in the form of nanoparticles (SeNPs) has lower toxicity, higher bioavailability, lower excretion in animals, and is linked to more powerful and superior biological activities (at a comparable Se dose) than traditional chemical forms of dietary Se. As a result, the development of tailored SeNPs for their use in intensive agriculture and as candidate for therapeutic drugs for human pathologies is now being actively explored. This review highlights the biological impacts of SeNPs on growth and reproductive performances, their role in modulating heat and oxidative stress and inflammation and the varying modes of synthesis of SeNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Au
- Redox Biology Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Albaraa Mojadadi
- Redox Biology Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jia-Ying Shao
- Redox Biology Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Gulfam Ahmad
- Redox Biology Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Andrology Department, Royal Women's and Children's Pathology, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Paul K Witting
- Redox Biology Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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12
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Omar AA, Heikal YM, Zayed EM, Shamseldin SAM, Salama YE, Amer KE, Basuoni MM, Abd Ellatif S, Mohamed AH. Conferring of Drought and Heat Stress Tolerance in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes and Their Response to Selenium Nanoparticles Application. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:998. [PMID: 36985894 PMCID: PMC10051906 DOI: 10.3390/nano13060998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the role of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs, 10 mg·L-1) has been investigated in modulating the negative effects of drought and heat stresses on eight bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotype seedlings. Those genotypes included Giza-168, Giza-171, Misr-1, Misr-3, Shandweel-1, Sids-1, Sids-12, and Sids-14. The study included six treatments as follows: regular irrigation with 100% Field Capacity (FC) at a temperature of 23 ± 3 °C (T1), drought stress with 60% FC (T2), heat stress of 38 °C for 5 h·day-1 (T3), foliar spray of 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs only (T4), a combination of drought stress with foliar spray of 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs (T5), and heat stress with foliar spray of 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs (T6). The experiment continued for 31 days. Foliar application of SeNPs improved the plant growth, morpho-physiological and biochemical responses, and expression of stress-responsive genes in wheat (T. aestivum L.) seedlings. Overall, morpho-physiological traits such as plant height (PH), shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root fresh weight (RFW), and root dry weight (RDW) of wheat genotypes grown under different conditions ranged from 25.37-51.51 cm, 3.29-5.15 g, 0.50-1.97 g, 0.72-4.21 g, and 0.11-1.23 g, respectively. From the morpho-physiological perspective, drought stress had a greater detrimental impact on wheat plants than heat stress, whereas heat stress significantly impacted the expression of stress-responsive genes. Stress responses to drought and heat varied between wheat genotypes, suggesting that different genotypes are more resilient to stress. Exogenous spraying of 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs improved the photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic rate, gas exchange, and transpiration rate of wheat plants and enhanced drought and heat tolerance by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the expression level of stress-responsive genes. Our results showed that spraying wheat seedlings with 10 mg·L-1 of SeNPs enhanced SOD activity for all genotypes as compared to the control, with the Sids-12 genotype having the highest value (196.43 U·mg-1 FW·min-1) and the Giza-168 genotype having the lowest (152.30 U·mg-1 FW·min-1). The expression of PIP1, LEA-1, HSP70, and HSP90 stress-responsive genes was more significant in tolerant genotypes (Giza-171 and Giza-168) than in sensitive ones (Misr-1 and Misr-3) in response to drought and heat stresses. Under stress conditions, the shoot and root fresh weights, photosynthetic pigment content, stomatal conductance (SC), and transpiration rate (TR) were positively correlated with plant height (PH), while root and shoot dry weights, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and APX were negatively correlated. Multivariate analysis and biplot results revealed that genotypes Giza-168, Giza-171, Sids-12, and Sids-14 performed well in both stress situations and were classified as stress-tolerant genotypes. These best genotypes may be employed in future breeding projects as tools to face climate change. This study concluded that various physio-biochemicals and gene expression attributes under drought and heat stress could be modulated by foliar application of SeNPs in wheat genotypes, potentially alleviating the adverse effects of drought and heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A. Omar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
| | - Yasmin M. Heikal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ehab M. Zayed
- Cell Study Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Sahar A. M. Shamseldin
- Botany Department, Women’s College for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Yossry E. Salama
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Khaled E. Amer
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M. Basuoni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Sawsan Abd Ellatif
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg El-Arab 21934, Egypt
| | - Azza H. Mohamed
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 33516, Egypt
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Liao Y, Li Z, Yang Z, Wang J, Li B, Zu Y. Response of Cd, Zn Translocation and Distribution to Organic Acids Heterogeneity in Brassica juncea L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:479. [PMID: 36771564 PMCID: PMC9919146 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the translocation, distribution, and organic acid heterogeneity characteristics in Brassica juncea L., a pot experiment with the exogenous application of Cd and Zn was conducted to analyze the effects of Cd, Zn, and organic acid contents and heterogeneity on the translocation and distribution of Cd and Zn. The results showed that the Cd and Zn contents of B. juncea were mainly accumulated in the roots. The Cd content in the symplast sap was 127.66-146.50% higher than that in the apoplast sap, while the opposite was true for Zn. The distribution of Cd in xylem sap occupied 64.60% under 20 mg kg-1 Cd treatment, and Zn in xylem sap occupied 60.14% under 100 mg kg-1 Zn treatment. The Cd was predominantly distributed in the vacuole, but the Zn was predominantly distributed in the cell walls. In addition, oxalic and malic acids were present in high concentrations in B. juncea. In the vacuole, correlation analysis showed that the contents of Cd were negatively correlated with the contents of oxalic acid and succinic acid, and the contents of Zn were positively correlated with the contents of malic acid and acetic acid. The contents of Cd and Zn were negatively related to the contents of oxalic acid and citric acid in xylem sap. Therefore, Cd in B. juncea was mainly absorbed through the symplast pathway, and Zn was mainly absorbed through the apoplast pathway, and then Cd and Zn were distributed in the vacuole and cell walls. The Cd and Zn in B. juncea are transferred upward through the xylem and promoted by oxalic acid, malic acid, and citric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Liao
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zuran Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zhichen Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jixiu Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yanqun Zu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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