1
|
Mondal J, Maji D, Mitra S, Biswas R. Temperature-Dependent Dielectric Relaxation Measurements of (Betaine + Urea + Water) Deep Eutectic Solvent in Hz-GHz Frequency Window: Microscopic Insights into Constituent Contributions and Relaxation Mechanisms. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:6567-6580. [PMID: 38949428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
A combined experimental and simulation study of dielectric relaxation (DR) of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of betaine, urea, and water with the composition [Betaine:Urea:Water = 11.7:12:1 (weight ratio) and 9:18:5 (molar ratio)] was performed to explore and understand the interaction and dynamics of this system. Temperature-dependent (303 ≤ T/K ≤ 343) measurements were performed over 9 decades of frequency, combining three different measurement setups. Measured DR, comprising four distinct steps with relaxation times spreading over a few picoseconds to several nanoseconds, was found to agree well with simulations. The simulated total DR spectra, upon dissection into three self (intraspecies) and three cross (interspecies) interaction contributions, revealed that the betaine-betaine self-term dominated (∼65%) the relaxation, while the urea-urea and water-water interactions contributed only ∼7% and ∼1%, respectively. The cross-terms (betaine-urea, betaine-water, and urea-water) together accounted for <30% of the total DR. The slowest DR component with a time constant of ∼1-10 ns derived dominant contribution from betaine-betaine interactions, where betaine-water and urea-water interactions also contributed. The subnanosecond (0.1-0.6 ns) time scale originated from all interactions except betaine-water interaction. An extensive interaction of water with betaine and urea severely reduced the average number of water-water H-bonds (∼0.7) and heavily decreased the static dielectric constant of water in this DES (εs ∼ 2). Furthermore, simulated first rank collective single particle reorientational relaxations (C1(t)) and the structural H-bond fluctuation dynamics (CHB (t)) exhibited multiexponential kinetics with time scales that corresponded well with those found both in the simulated and measured DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Mondal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Dhrubajyoti Maji
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Sudipta Mitra
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Ranjit Biswas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Swebocki T, Kocot AM, Barras A, Arellano H, Bonnaud L, Haddadi K, Fameau AL, Szunerits S, Plotka M, Boukherroub R. Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity of Selected Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) and Deep Eutectic Solvents Comprising Organic Acids (OA-DESs) Toward Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Species. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303475. [PMID: 38310366 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been intensively investigated in recent years for their antibacterial properties, with DESs that comprise organic acids (OA-DESs) showing promising antibacterial action. However a majority of the reports focused only on a limited number strains and techniques, which is not enough to determine the antibacterial potential of a substance. To bridge this gap, the antibacterial activity of classical DESs and OA-DESs is assessed on twelve Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria strains, with some of them exhibiting specific resistance toward antibiotics. The investigated formulations of OA-DESs comprise glycolic, malic, malonic, and oxalic acids as representatives of this group. Using a range of microbiological assays as well as physicochemical characterization methods, a major difference of the effectiveness between the two groups is demonstrated, with OA-DESs exhibiting, as expected, greater antibacterial effectiveness than classical DESs. Most interestingly, slight differences in the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration values as well as time-kill kinetics profiles are observed between Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals the effect of the treatment of the bacteria with the representatives of both groups of DESs, which allows us to better understand the possible mechanism-of-action of these novel materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Swebocki
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Aleksandra M Kocot
- Laboratory of Extremophiles Biology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdańsk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Helena Arellano
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAe, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Centrale Lille, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Leila Bonnaud
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Materia Nova Innovation Center in Materials of the University of Mons, 3 Avenue Nicolas Copernic, Mons, B-7000, Belgium
| | - Kamel Haddadi
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Anne-Laure Fameau
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAe, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Centrale Lille, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Magdalena Plotka
- Laboratory of Extremophiles Biology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdańsk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song JE, Jun SH, Ryoo JY, Kang NG. Formulation of Ascorbic Acid and Betaine-based Therapeutic Deep Eutectic System for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Ascorbic Acid. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:687. [PMID: 38794349 PMCID: PMC11124945 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
L-ascorbic acid (AA), a potent antioxidant, is commonly used topically in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. However, the incorporation of AA into topical formulations is difficult because of its highly unstable nature and relatively poor skin permeability. In this study, we propose an alternative strategy for improving the solubility and topical delivery of AA through its conversion to a therapeutic deep eutectic system (THEDES). AA and betaine (Bet)-based THEDESs were prepared at certain molar ratios and characterized using polarized optical microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Solubility tests showed that AA in the form of THEDES was readily soluble in various polyols (glycerin, 1,3-butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and 1,3-propanediol) at a high concentration (approximately 40%). Furthermore, compared to AA alone or the physical mixture of AA and Bet, AA-based THEDES significantly enhanced AA delivery through porcine skin. In an in vivo human study, THEDES-containing serum reduced the markers of aging and induced an even skin tone. These findings indicate the utility of AA and Bet-based THEDES as novel transdermal delivery systems for AA. Furthermore, our approach also showed good extension to developing gluconolactone, a well-known natural antioxidant, and Bet-based THEDES, showing potential application in transdermal delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Seung-Hyun Jun
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care (LG H&H), 70, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; (J.-E.S.); (J.-Y.R.)
| | | | - Nae-Gyu Kang
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care (LG H&H), 70, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; (J.-E.S.); (J.-Y.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Javed S, Mangla B, Sultan MH, Almoshari Y, Sivadasan D, Alqahtani SS, Madkhali OA, Ahsan W. Pharmaceutical applications of therapeutic deep eutectic systems (THEDES) in maximising drug delivery. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29783. [PMID: 38694051 PMCID: PMC11058303 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The issue of poor solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) has been a salient area of investigation and novel drug delivery systems are being developed to improve the solubility of drugs, enhance their permeability and thereby their efficacy. Several techniques for solubilization enhancement of poorly soluble drugs are often employed at various stages of pharmaceutical drug product development. One such delivery system is the therapeutic deep eutectic system (THEDES), which showed great potential in the enhancement of solubility and permeability of drugs and ultimately augmenting their bioavailability. THEDES are made by mixing drugs with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in a definite molar ratio by the hit and trial method. The DESs are a new class of green solvents which are non-toxic, cheap, easy to prepare, biodegradable and have multiple applications in the pharmaceutical industry. The terminologies such as ionic liquids (ILs), DES, THEDES, and therapeutic liquid eutectic systems (THELES) have been very much in use recently, and it is important to highlight the pharmaceutical applications of these unexplored reservoirs in drug solubilization enhancement, drug delivery routes, and in the management of various diseases. This review is aimed at discussing the components, formulation strategies, and routes of administration of THEDES that are used in developing the formulation. Also, the major pharmaceutical applications of THEDES in the treatment of various metabolic and non-metabolic diseases are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamama Javed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bharti Mangla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Muhammad H. Sultan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Durgaramani Sivadasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S. Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. Madkhali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waquar Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sakr RM, Abdelaziz AES, Mazyed EA, El Maghraby GM. Preparation of orodispersible tablets of bosentan using xylitol and menthol as dissolution enhancers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10680. [PMID: 38724608 PMCID: PMC11082131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bosentan is a drug used to treat pulmonary hypertension via dual endothelial receptor antagonism. Bosentan has a restricted oral bioavailability, a problem that's mostly due to poor solubility and hepatic metabolism. It is extensively used for the elderly and children who require a friendly dosage form like orodispersible tablets. So, the goal of this research work was to hasten the dissolution rate of bosentan to produce an orodispersible tablet with immediate drug release. Bosentan was exposed to ethanol-assisted kneading with a rise of xylitol or menthol concentrations (1:1 and 1:2 molar ratio of bosentan with excipient). In addition to observing the dissolution behavior, the resulting dry products were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The FTIR reflected possible hydrogen bonding with xylitol and menthol. DSC studies reflected a reduction in the enthalpy and Tm. These results with XRD data reflected partial co-amorphization in the case of xylitol and eutaxia in the case of menthol. These modifications were related to an accelerated dissolving rate. The developed systems were fabricated as orodispersible tablets which exhibited immediate release of bosentan. Thus, the current study offered simple co-processing for the preparation of orodispersible bosentan tablets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Mohamed Sakr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
| | | | - Eman Ahmed Mazyed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt.
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kalantri S, Vora A. Eutectic solutions for healing: a comprehensive review on therapeutic deep eutectic solvents (TheDES). Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024; 50:387-400. [PMID: 38634708 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2024.2345131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE TheDES are formed by mixing a Hydrogen Bond Donor (HBD) and a Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA) in appropriate molar ratios. These solvents have been shown to enhance drug solubility, permeability, and delivery. The main objective of the present article is to review these advantages of TheDES. SIGNIFICANCE TheDES show unique properties, such as low toxicity, biodegradability, improved bioavailability and enhanced drug delivery of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients. They are also biocompatible in nature which makes them a promising candidate for various therapeutic applications, including drug formulations, drug delivery and other biomedical uses. The development and utilization of TheDES shows significant advancement in pharmaceutical research, providing new opportunities for improving drug delivery. METHODS The current study was carried out by conducting a systematic literature review that identified relevant papers from indexed databases. Numerous studies and research are cited and quoted in this article to demonstrate the effectiveness of TheDES in enhancing drug solubility, permeability, and delivery. All chosen articles were selected considering their significance, quality, and approach to addressing issues. RESULT As a result, various TheDES were identified that can be formulated in different ways: one component can act as a vehicle for an API, either HBD or HBA can be an API, both HBD and HBA can be APIs, or the individual components of DES are not therapeutically active but the resulting DES possesses therapeutic activity. Additionally, TheDES were also recognized to enhance drug delivery and solubility for different APIs, including NSAIDs, anesthetic drugs, antifungals, and others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Kalantri
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India
| | - Amisha Vora
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ayres LB, Gomez FJV, Silva MF, Linton JR, Garcia CD. Predicting the formation of NADES using a transformer-based model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2715. [PMID: 38388549 PMCID: PMC10883925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food industries represents one of the fastest growing fields of green chemistry, as these mixtures can potentially replace traditional organic solvents. These advances are, however, limited by the development of new NADES which is today, almost exclusively empirically driven and often derivative from known mixtures. To overcome this limitation, we propose the use of a transformer-based machine learning approach. Here, the transformer-based neural network model was first pre-trained to recognize chemical patterns from SMILES representations (unlabeled general chemical data) and then fine-tuned to recognize the patterns in strings that lead to the formation of either stable NADES or simple mixtures of compounds not leading to the formation of stable NADES (binary classification). Because this strategy was adapted from language learning, it allows the use of relatively small datasets and relatively low computational resources. The resulting algorithm is capable of predicting the formation of multiple new stable eutectic mixtures (n = 337) from a general database of natural compounds. More importantly, the system is also able to predict the components and molar ratios needed to render NADES with new molecules (not present in the training database), an aspect that was validated using previously reported NADES as well as by developing multiple novel solvents containing ibuprofen. We believe this strategy has the potential to transform the screening process for NADES as well as the pharmaceutical industry, streamlining the use of bioactive compounds as functional components of liquid formulations, rather than simple solutes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Federico J V Gomez
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Maria Fernanda Silva
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Jeb R Linton
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
- IBM Cloud, Armonk, NY, 10504, USA
| | - Carlos D Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cherniakova M, Varchenko V, Belikov K. Menthol-Based (Deep) Eutectic Solvents: A Review on Properties and Application in Extraction. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300267. [PMID: 37861277 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
In the last 10 years the interest in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a new class of green solvents has considerably increased. The emergence of numerous of hydrophobic DESs has stimulated intensive research into their application in extraction technologies, including sample preparation. As the properties of such systems are highly dependent on the properties of their components (hydrogen bond donors and acceptors) and can be finely tuned, DESs can be successfully used for the extraction of both metal ions and organic substances, including biomolecules. Despite the rapidly increasing number of publications on the use of DESs as an extraction medium, including review articles, information on the extraction properties of DESs in terms of their chemical composition has not yet been summarized. This review covers available literature data on the physicochemical properties of menthol-based eutectic solvents and the results of their practical application as an extraction medium. Also, the appropriateness of using the term "DES" for all mixtures with melting points lower than the melting points of their components is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marharyta Cherniakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Victoria Varchenko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Konstantin Belikov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- School of Chemistry, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 6 Svobody sq., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sheikh A, Khan AY, Ahmed S. Physicochemical Properties of Choline Chloride/Acetic Acid as a Deep Eutectic Solvent and Its Binary Solutions with DMSO at 298.15 to 353.15 K. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:3730-3745. [PMID: 38284059 PMCID: PMC10809710 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are considered to play an important role in green chemistry and other technological fields as an alternative to organic solvents. The present study reports measurements of density (ρ), speed of sound (u), dynamic viscosity (η), and electrical conductivity (κ) and investigates physicochemical properties of choline chloride/acetic acid (ChCl/AcA DES) and its binary mixtures with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) over the entire composition and temperature (298.15-353.15 K) range. The density data are well fitted by a second-degree polynomial equation in T. DES/DMSO mixtures exhibit negative excess molar volume and isentropic compressibility deviation with a minimum in respective curves at x1 ≈ 0.15 (x1 is the mole fraction of DES in the mixture), which became deeper with increasing temperature. The ChCl/AcA DES and DMSO curves for excess partial molar volume cross each other at x1 ≈ 0.15, showing that the packing effect is dominant over specific interactions. A similar behavior is observed for excess molar viscosity, showing the minima at x1 ≈ 0.62, and substantiates volumetric results. The temperature dependence of viscosity and conductivity is well described by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) equation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aafia Sheikh
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
- Department
of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A
Chartered University), Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Athar Yaseen Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A
Chartered University), Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Safeer Ahmed
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ferreira C, Sarraguça M. A Comprehensive Review on Deep Eutectic Solvents and Its Use to Extract Bioactive Compounds of Pharmaceutical Interest. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:124. [PMID: 38256957 PMCID: PMC10820243 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The extraction of bioactive compounds of pharmaceutical interest from natural sources has been significantly explored in recent decades. However, the extraction techniques used were not very efficient in terms of time and energy consumption; additionally, the solvents used for the extraction were harmful for the environment. To improve the environmental impact of the extractions and at the same time increase the extraction yields, several new extraction techniques were developed. Among the most used ones are ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction. These extraction techniques increased the yield and selectivity of the extraction in a smaller amount of time with a decrease in energy consumption. Nevertheless, a high volume of organic solvents was still used for the extraction, causing a subsequent environmental problem. Neoteric solvents appeared as green alternatives to organic solvents. Among the neoteric solvents, deep eutectic solvents were evidenced to be one of the best alternatives to organic solvents due to their intrinsic characteristics. These solvents are considered green solvents because they are made up of natural compounds such as sugars, amino acids, and carboxylic acids having low toxicity and high degradability. In addition, they are simple to prepare, with an atomic economy of 100%, with attractive physicochemical properties. Furthermore, the huge number of compounds that can be used to synthesize these solvents make them very useful in the extraction of bioactive compounds since they can be tailored to be selective towards a specific component or class of components. The main aim of this paper is to give a comprehensive review which describes the main properties, characteristics, and production methods of deep eutectic solvents as well as its application to extract from natural sources bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical interest. Additionally, an overview of the more recent and sustainable extraction techniques is also given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mafalda Sarraguça
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang JY, Kumar A, Shaikh MO, Huang SH, Chou YN, Yang CC, Hsu CK, Kuo LC, Chuang CH. Biocompatible, Antibacterial, and Stable Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Ionic Gel Multimodal Sensors for Healthcare Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:55244-55257. [PMID: 37991845 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated a novel approach to fabricate multifunctional ionic gel sensors by using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as replacements for water. When two distinct DESs were combined, customizable mechanical and conductive properties were created, resulting in improved performance compared with traditional hydrogel-based strain sensors. DES ionic gels possess superior mechanical properties, transparency, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties, making them suitable for a wide range of applications such as flexible electronics, soft robotics, and healthcare. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the DES ionic gels, evaluating their performance under extreme temperature conditions (-70 to 80 °C), impressive optical transparency (94%), and biocompatibility. Furthermore, a series of tests were conducted to evaluate the antibacterial performance (Escherichia coli) of the DES ionic gels. Their wide strain (1-400%) and temperature (15-50 °C)-sensing ranges demonstrate the versatility and adaptability of DES ionic gels for diverse sensing requirements. The resulting DES ionic gels were successfully applied in human activity and vital sign monitoring, demonstrating their potential for biointegrated sensing devices and healthcare applications. This study offers valuable insights into the development and optimization of hydrogel sensors, particularly for applications that require environmental stability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial performance, thereby paving the way for future advancements in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yu Yang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Amit Kumar
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Omar Shaikh
- Sustainability Science and Management Program, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hung Huang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Nien Chou
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chieh Kuo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- The Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (CEMAFLD), National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Spittle S, Alfurayj I, Hansen BB, Glynn K, Brackett W, Pandian R, Burda C, Sangoro J. Enhanced Dynamics and Charge Transport at the Eutectic Point: A New Paradigm for the Use of Deep Eutectic Solvent Systems. JACS AU 2023; 3:3024-3030. [PMID: 38034979 PMCID: PMC10685424 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a class of versatile solvents with promise for a wide range of applications, from separation processes to electrochemical energy storage technologies. A fundamental understanding of the correlation among the structure, thermodynamics, and dynamics of these materials necessary for targeted rational design for specific applications is still nascent. Here, we employ differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs-TAS) to investigate the correlation among thermodynamics, dynamics, and charge transport in mixtures comprising a wide range of compositions of choline chloride (ChCl) and ethylene glycol (EG). Detailed analyses reveal that (i) the eutectic composition of this prototypical DES occurs in the 15-20 mol % ChCl in the EG range rather than the previously assumed 33 mol %, and (ii) both rotational dynamics and charge transport at the eutectic composition are enhanced in this composition range. These findings highlight the fundamental interplay between thermodynamics and dynamics in determining the properties of DESs that are relevant to many applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Spittle
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ibrahim Alfurayj
- Department
of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Benworth Bryce Hansen
- William
G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kaylie Glynn
- William
G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - William Brackett
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Rathiesh Pandian
- Department
of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Clemens Burda
- Department
of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Joshua Sangoro
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- William
G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Balenzano G, Racaniello GF, Arduino I, Lopedota AA, Lopalco A, Laquintana V, Denora N. Cyclodextrin-based supramolecular deep eutectic solvent (CycloDES): A vehicle for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs. Int J Pharm 2023; 647:123553. [PMID: 37884215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a new class of deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of a complexation agent, namely hydroxy-propyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), to exploit a synergic solubilization-enhancing approach. For this purpose, cyclodextrin-based supramolecular DES (CycloDES) were physical-chemical characterized and loaded with three different BCS class II model drugs, specifically Cannabidiol, Indomethacin, and Dexamethasone, evaluating the influence of different factors on the observed solubility and permeation compared with the only HPβCD/drug complexation. Hence, CycloDESs were presented as a possible vehicle for drugs and represent a novel potential approach for solving BCS class II and IV solubility issues, demonstrating at least a 100-fold improvement in the investigated drug solubilities. Furthermore, CycloDESs demonstrated a significantly improved resistance to dilution preserving a high percentage of drug in solution (i.e. 93% for Indomethacin) when water is added to the DES if compared with a glucose-choline chloride DES, used as a standard. This evidence guarantees the solubility-enhancing effect useful for the delivery of BCS class II and IV drugs converting solid raw material to advantageous liquid vehicles bypassing the rate-determining dissolution step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Balenzano
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Francesco Racaniello
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Arduino
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Assunta Lopedota
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Lopalco
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Valentino Laquintana
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oyoun F, Toncheva A, Henríquez LC, Grougnet R, Laoutid F, Mignet N, Alhareth K, Corvis Y. Deep Eutectic Solvents: An Eco-friendly Design for Drug Engineering. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300669. [PMID: 37463123 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
In the spirit of circular economy and sustainable chemistry, the use of environmentally friendly chemical products in pharmacy has become a hot topic. In recent years, organic solvents have been the subject of a great range of restriction policies due to their harmful effects on the environment and toxicity to human health. In parallel, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as suitable greener solvents with beneficial environmental impacts and a rich palette of physicochemical advantages related to their low cost and biocompatibility. Additionally, DESs can enable remarkable solubilizing effect for several active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), thus forming therapeutic DESs (TheDESs). In this work, special attention is paid to DESs, presenting a precise definition, classification, methods of preparation, and characterization. A description of natural DESs (NaDESs), i. e., eutectic solvents present in natural sources, is also reported. Moreover, the present review article is the first one to detail the different approaches for judiciously selecting the constituents of DESs in order to minimize the number of experiments. The role of DESs in the biomedical and pharmaceutical sectors and their impact on the development of successful therapies are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feras Oyoun
- CNRS, Inserm, Chemical and Biological Techniques for Health (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, School of Pharmacy, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75006, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Polymeric & Composite Materials, Materia Nova - Research and Innovative Center, Avenue Copernic 3, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Antoniya Toncheva
- Laboratory of Polymeric & Composite Materials, Materia Nova - Research and Innovative Center, Avenue Copernic 3, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Luis Castillo Henríquez
- CNRS, Inserm, Chemical and Biological Techniques for Health (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, School of Pharmacy, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Grougnet
- Natural products, Analysis, Synthesis, UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Université Paris Cité, School of Pharmacy, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Fouad Laoutid
- Laboratory of Polymeric & Composite Materials, Materia Nova - Research and Innovative Center, Avenue Copernic 3, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Mignet
- CNRS, Inserm, Chemical and Biological Techniques for Health (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, School of Pharmacy, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Khair Alhareth
- CNRS, Inserm, Chemical and Biological Techniques for Health (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, School of Pharmacy, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Yohann Corvis
- CNRS, Inserm, Chemical and Biological Techniques for Health (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, School of Pharmacy, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75006, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chakraborty S, Sathe RY, Chormale JH, Dangi A, Bharatam PV, Bansal AK. Effect of Deep Eutectic System (DES) on Oral Bioavailability of Celecoxib: In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Study. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2351. [PMID: 37765319 PMCID: PMC10534828 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Different deep eutectic systems (DES) of choline chloride (CC)-urea (UA) (1:2), CC-glycerol (GLY) (1:2), CC-malonic acid (MA) (1:1), and CC-ascorbic acid (AA) (2:1) were generated and characterized by polarized light microscope (PLM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR). The equilibrium solubility of celecoxib (CLX) in DES was compared to that in deionized water. The CC-MA (1:1) system provided ~10,000 times improvement in the solubility of CLX (13,114.75 µg/g) and was used for the generation of the CLX-DES system. The latter was characterized by PLM and FTIR to study the microstructure and intermolecular interaction between the CLX and CC-MA (1:1) DES. FTIR demonstrated the retention of the chemical structure of CLX. In vitro drug release studies in FaSSIF initially demonstrated high supersaturation, which decreased by ~2 fold after 2 h. Density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations provided a molecular-level understanding of enhanced solubility. Gibbs free energy calculations established the role of the strongest binding of CLX with CC and MA. A phase solubility study highlighted the role of hydrotropy-induced solubilization of the CLX-DES system. Animal pharmacokinetic studies established 2.76 times improvement in Cmax, 1.52 times reduction in tmax, and 1.81 times improvement in AUC0-∞. The overall results demonstrated the potential of developing a DES-based supersaturating drug-delivery system for pharmaceutical loading of drugs having solubility and dissolution rate-limited oral bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumalya Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India; (S.C.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Rohit Y. Sathe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India; (R.Y.S.); (P.V.B.)
| | - Jaydeep H. Chormale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India; (S.C.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Ashish Dangi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India;
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India; (R.Y.S.); (P.V.B.)
| | - Arvind K. Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India; (S.C.); (J.H.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Usmani Z, Sharma M, Tripathi M, Lukk T, Karpichev Y, Gathergood N, Singh BN, Thakur VK, Tabatabaei M, Gupta VK. Biobased natural deep eutectic system as versatile solvents: Structure, interaction and advanced applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163002. [PMID: 37003333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The increasing emphasis on the development of green replacements to traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) can be attributed to the rising concerns over human health and detrimental impacts of conventional solvents towards the environment. A new generation of solvents inspired by nature and extracted from plant bioresources has evolved over the last few years, and are referred to as natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). NADES are mixtures of natural constituents like sugars, polyalcohols, sugar-based alcohols, amino acids and organic acids. Interest in NADES has exponentially grown over the last eight years, which is evident from an upsurge in the number of research projects undertaken. NADES are highly biocompatible as they can be biosynthesized and metabolized by nearly all living organisms. These solvents pose several noteworthy advantages, such as easy synthesis, tuneable physico-chemical properties, low toxicity, high biodegradability, solute sustainability and stabilization and low melting point. Research on the applicability of NADES in diverse areas is gaining momentum, which includes as - media for chemical and enzymatic reactions; extraction media for essential oils; anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent; extraction of bioactive composites; as chromatographic media; preservatives for labile compounds and in drug synthesis. This review gives a complete overview of the properties, biodegradability and toxicity of NADES which we propose can assist in further knowledge generation on their significance in biological systems and usage in green and sustainable chemistry. Information on applications of NADES in biomedical, therapeutic and pharma-biotechnology fields is also highlighted in the current article along with the recent progress and future perspectives in novel applications of NADES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeba Usmani
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya 793101, India; Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Haute Ecole Provinciale de Hainaut-Condorcet, 7800 ATH, Belgium
| | - Manikant Tripathi
- Biotechnology Program, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh 224001, India
| | - Tiit Lukk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Yevgen Karpichev
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Nicholas Gathergood
- School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Brahma N Singh
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Valente S, Oliveira F, Ferreira IJ, Paiva A, Sobral RG, Diniz MS, Gaudêncio SP, Duarte ARC. Hydrophobic DES Based on Menthol and Natural Organic Acids for Use in Antifouling Marine Coatings. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2023; 11:9989-10000. [PMID: 37448722 PMCID: PMC10337252 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Marine biofouling negatively impacts industries with off-shore infrastructures, such as naval, oil, and aquaculture. To date, there are no ideal sustainable, economic, and environmentally benign solutions to deal with this phenomenon. The advances achieved in green solvents, as well as its application in different industries, such as pharmaceutical and biotechnology, have promoted the emergence of deep eutectic systems (DES). These eutectic systems have applications in various fields and can be revolutionary in the marine-based industrial sector. In this study, the main objective was to investigate the potential use of hydrophobic DES (HDES) based on menthol and natural organic acids for their use as marine antifouling coatings. Our strategy encompassed the physicochemical characterization of different formulations, which allowed us to identify the most appropriate molar ratio and intermolecular interactions for HDES formations. The miscibility of the resulting HDES with the marine coating has been evaluated and proven to be successful. The Men/OL (1:1) system proved to be the most promising in terms of cost-production and thus was the one used in subsequent antifouling tests. The cytotoxicity of this HDES was evaluated using an in vitro cell model (HaCat cells) showing no significant toxicity. Furthermore, the application of this system incorporated into coatings that are used in marine structures was also studied using marine species (Mytilus edulis mussels and Patella vulgata limpets) to evaluate both their antifouling and ecotoxicity effects. HDES Men/OL (1:1) incorporated in marine coatings was promising in reducing marine macrofouling and also proved to be effective at the level of microfouling without viability impairment of the tested marine species. It was revealed to be more efficient than using copper oxide, metallic copper, or ivermectin as antifouling agents. Biochemical assays performed on marine species showed that this HDES does not induce oxidative stress in the tested species. These results are a strong indication of the potential of this HDES to be sustainable and efficiently used in marine fouling control technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Valente
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science
and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Chemistry and Life Sciences Departments, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filipe Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science
and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Inês João Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science
and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Paiva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science
and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Rita G. Sobral
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Chemistry and Life Sciences Departments, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mário S. Diniz
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Chemistry and Life Sciences Departments, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Susana P. Gaudêncio
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Chemistry and Life Sciences Departments, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Cruz Duarte
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science
and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Su M, Huang M, Pang Z, Wei Y, Gao Y, Zhang J, Qian S, Heng W. Functional in situ formed deep eutectic solvents improving mechanical properties of powders by enhancing interfacial interactions. Int J Pharm 2023:123181. [PMID: 37364786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
As novel green solvents, deep eutectic solvent (DES) with distinct liquid properties has gained increasing interest in pharmaceutical fields. In this study, DES was firstly utilized for improving powder mechanical properties and tabletability of drugs, and the interfacial interaction mechanism was explored. Honokiol (HON), a natural bioactive compound, was used as model drug, and two novel HON-based DESs were synthesized with choline chloride (ChCl) and l-menthol (Men), respectively. The extensive non-covalent interactions were account for DES formation according to FTIR, 1H NMR and DFT calculation. PLM, DSC and solid-liquid phase diagram revealed that DES successfully in situ formed in HON powders, and the introduction of trace amount DES (99:1 w/w for HON-ChCl, 98:2 w/w for HON-Men) significantly improve mechanical properties of HON. Surface energy analysis and molecular simulation revealed that the introduced DES promoted the formation of solid-liquid interfaces and generation of polar interactions, which increase interparticulate interactions, thus better tabletability. Compared to nonionic HON-Men DES, ionic HON-ChCl DES exhibited better improvement effect, since their more hydrogen-bonding interactions and higher viscosity promote stronger interfacial interactions and adhesion effect. The current study provides a brand-new green strategy for improving powder mechanical properties and fills in the blank of DES application in pharmaceutical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Maoli Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zunting Pang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Shuai Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Weili Heng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guinet Y, Paccou L, Hédoux A. Co-Amorphous Versus Deep Eutectic Solvents Formulations for Transdermal Administration. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1710. [PMID: 37376158 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transdermal administration can be considered as an interesting route to overcome the side-effects inherent to oral intake. Designing topical formulations with maximum drug efficiency requires the optimization of the permeation and the stability of the drug. The present study focuses on the physical stability of amorphous drugs within the formulation. Ibuprofen is commonly used in topical formulations and then was selected as a model drug. Additionally, its low Tg allows easy, unexpected recrystallization at room temperature with negative consequence on skin penetration. In this study, the physical stability of amorphous ibuprofen was investigated in two types of formulations: (i) in terpenes-based deep eutectic solvents (DES) and (ii) in arginine-based co-amorphous blends. The phase diagram of ibuprofen:L-menthol was mainly analyzed by low-frequency Raman spectroscopy, leading to the evidence of ibuprofen recrystallization in a wide range of ibuprofen concentration. By contrast, it was shown that amorphous ibuprofen is stabilized when dissolved in thymol:menthol DES. Forming co-amorphous arginine-ibuprofen blends by melting is another route for stabilizing amorphous ibuprofen, while recrystallization was detected in the same co-amorphous mixtures obtained by cryo-milling. The mechanism of stabilization is discussed from determining Tg and analyzing H-bonding interactions by Raman investigations in the C=O and O-H stretching regions. It was found that recrystallization of ibuprofen was inhibited by the inability to form dimers inherent to the preferential formation of heteromolecular H-bonding, regardless of the glass transition temperatures of the various mixtures. This result should be important for predicting ibuprofen stability within other types of topical formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Guinet
- UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurent Paccou
- UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alain Hédoux
- UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sarmento C, Monteiro H, Paiva A, Duarte ARC, Jesus AR. Using Natural Deep Eutectic Systems as Alternative Media for Ocular Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051553. [PMID: 37242795 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The major goal of this work was to study the potential of natural deep eutectic systems (NADES) as new media for ocular formulations. In formulating eye drops, it is important to increase the retention time of the drug on the surface of eye; hence, due to their high viscosity, NADES may be interesting candidates for formulation. Different systems composed of combinations of sugars, polyols, amino acids, and choline derivatives were prepared and then characterized in terms of rheological and physicochemical properties. Our results showed that 5-10% (w/v) aqueous solutions of NADES have a good profile in terms of viscosity (0.8 to 1.2 mPa.s), osmolarity (412 to 1883 mOsmol), and pH (7.4) for their incorporation of ocular drops. Additionally, contact angle and refractive index were determined. Acetazolamide (ACZ), a highly insoluble drug used to treat glaucoma, was used as proof-of-concept. Herein, we show that NADES can increase the solubility of ACZ in aqueous solutions by at least up to 3 times, making it useful for the formulation of ACZ into ocular drops and thereby enabling more efficient treatment. The cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that NADES are biocompatible up to 5% (w/v) in aqueous media, promoting cell viability (above 80%) when compared to the control after 24 h incubation in ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, when ACZ is dissolved in aqueous solutions of NADES, the cytotoxicity is not affected in this range of concentrations. Although further studies are necessary to design an optimal formulation incorporating NADES, this study shows that these eutectics can be powerful tools in the formulation of ocular drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Célia Sarmento
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA-School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Hugo Monteiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA-School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Paiva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA-School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita C Duarte
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA-School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Jesus
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA-School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Panbachi S, Beranek J, Kuentz M. Polymer-embedded deep eutectic solvents (PEDES) as a novel bio-enabling formulation approach. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 186:106463. [PMID: 37169098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in using deep eutectic solvents (DES) as a pharmaceutical delivery system for poorly water-soluble compounds. To reduce the risk of drug precipitation following oral administration, this study addresses the hypothesis that directly including a polymeric precipitation inhibitor (PI) in a DES mixture could obtain a polymer-embedded deep eutectic system (PEDES) as a novel bio-enabling formulation principle. Following broad formulation screening, a PEDES embedding 15 % w/w of polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP) in L-carnitine:ethylene glycol (1:4, molar ratio) DES was successfully formulated as a supersaturating formulation using indomethacin as model drug. The solubility of 175.6 mg/mL obtained in DES was remarkably high, and upon release (phosphate buffer, pH 6.5) a maximum supersaturation factor of 9.8 was recorded, whereby the release kinetics displayed a suitable "parachute effect". The formulation was further characterized to include a molecular dynamics simulation. It can be concluded that PEDES appears to be a viable novel formulation approach, setting solid grounds for further research to assess the full potential of this novel type of supersaturating drug delivery system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaida Panbachi
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwest. Switzerland. Institute of Pharma Technology Hofackerstr. 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland; University of Basel, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Josef Beranek
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kuentz
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwest. Switzerland. Institute of Pharma Technology Hofackerstr. 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Swebocki T, Barras A, Abderrahmani A, Haddadi K, Boukherroub R. Deep Eutectic Solvents Comprising Organic Acids and Their Application in (Bio)Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108492. [PMID: 37239842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last years, we observed a significant increase in the number of published studies that focus on the synthesis and characterization of deep eutectic solvents (DESs). These materials are of particular interest mainly due to their physical and chemical stability, low vapor pressure, ease of synthesis, and the possibility of tailoring their properties through dilution or change of the ratio of parent substances (PS). DESs, considered as one of the greenest families of solvents, are used in many fields, such as organic synthesis, (bio)catalysis, electrochemistry, and (bio)medicine. DESs applications have already been reported in various review articles. However, these reports mainly described these components' basics and general properties without focusing on the particular, PS-wise, group of DESs. Many DESs investigated for potential (bio)medical applications comprise organic acids. However, due to the different aims of the reported studies, many of these substances have not yet been investigated thoroughly, which makes it challenging for the field to move forward. Herein, we propose distinguishing DESs comprising organic acids (OA-DESs) as a specific group derived from natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs). This review aims to highlight and compare the applications of OA-DESs as antimicrobial agents and drug delivery enhancers-two essential fields in (bio)medical studies where DESs have already been implemented and proven their potential. From the survey of the literature data, it is evident that OA-DESs represent an excellent type of DESs for specific biomedical applications, owing to their negligible cytotoxicity, fulfilling the rules of green chemistry and being generally effective as drug delivery enhancers and antimicrobial agents. The main focus is on the most intriguing examples and (where possible) application-based comparison of particular groups of OA-DESs. This should highlight the importance of OA-DESs and give valuable clues on the direction the field can take.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Swebocki
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN-Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN-Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN-Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Kamel Haddadi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN-Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN-Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, 59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Evaluating the status quo of deep eutectic solvent in food chemistry. Potentials and limitations. Food Chem 2023; 406:135079. [PMID: 36463595 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conventional organic solvents (e.g., methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate) are widely used for extraction, reaction, and separation of valuable compounds. Although these solvents are effective, they have disadvantages, including flammability, toxicity, and persistence in the environment. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are valued for their biodegradability/low impact on the environment, low cost, and ease of manufacture. The objective of this review was to provide an overview of applications of DES in food chemistry, specifically in regard of extraction of polyphenols (e.g., anthocyanin, rutin, kaempferol, quercetin, resveratrol), protein, carbohydrates (e.g., chitin, pectins), lipids and lipid-soluble compounds (e.g., free fatty acids, astaxanthin, β-carotene, terpenoids), biosensor development, and use in food safety (pyrethroids, Sudan I, bisphenol A, Pb2+, Cd2+, etc.) over the past five years. A comprehensive analysis and discussion of DES types, preparation, structures, and influencing factors is provided. Furthermore, the potential and disadvantages of using DESs to extract biomolecules were assessed. We concluded that DES is a viable alternative for extracting polyphenols, carbohydrates, and lipids as well as use in food safety monitoring and biosensor development. However, more work is needed to address shortcomings, and determine whether using compounds extracted with DES can be consumed safely.
Collapse
|
24
|
Dangre PV, Korekar PP, Borkar MR, Chaturvedi KK, Borikar SP, Pethe AM. Tailoring Deep Eutectic Solvents to Provoke Solubility and Bioavailability of Naringin: Implications of a Computational Approach. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12820-12829. [PMID: 37065077 PMCID: PMC10099425 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the applications of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as green and sustainable solvents for the solubilization of functional foods and phytophenols have dramatically risen concerning global issues on the utilization of organic solvents. Nevertheless, developing a suitable DES system for phytocomponents to enhance its solubility and bioavailability is complex and requires a sound experimental setup. Herein, we have attempted to develop DES encompassing the choline chloride (ChCl) along with oxalic acid (OA), l-glutamine (l-Glu), urea (U), and glycerol (Gro) at different ratios to elicit the solubility and bioavailability of naringin (NAR). Several DES systems were designed and tested for solubility, kinematic viscosity, and pH. Among these, DES-NAR encompassing ChCl/Gro in a 1:3 ratio exhibited the maximum solubility of NAR (232.56 ± 7.1 mg/mL) and neutral characteristic and thus considered suitable for NAR. Further, the conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) has been employed to estimate the molecular and electrostatic interactions. DES-NAR was evaluated by polarized optical microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and 1H NMR to investigate the molecular transition and interaction. Further, diffusion and permeability studies were performed, which suggest significant improvements in DES-NAR. Likewise, the pharmacokinetic studies revealed a two times increase in the oral bioavailability of NAR in a designed DES system. Thus, the work represents a systematic and efficient development of the DES system for a potential phytocomponent considering the biosafety impact, which may widen the interest in pharmaceutical and food sciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj V. Dangre
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Datta Meghe College of
Pharmacy, DMIHER (DU), Wardha 442001, Maharashtra, India
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, R C
Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pawan P. Korekar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, R C
Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Maheshkumar R. Borkar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM’s
Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kaushalendra K. Chaturvedi
- Arnold
and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United State
| | - Sachin P. Borikar
- Department
of Pharmacology, Rajarshi Shahu College
of Pharmacy, Buldana 443001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil M. Pethe
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Datta Meghe College of
Pharmacy, DMIHER (DU), Wardha 442001, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Basu M, Hassan PA, Shelar SB. Modulation of surfactant self-assembly in deep eutectic solvents and its relevance to drug delivery-A review. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
26
|
Sulthan R, Reghunadhan A, Sambhudevan S. A new era of chitin synthesis and dissolution using Deep Eutectic Solvents- Comparison with Ionic Liquids. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
|
27
|
Abdelquader MM, Li S, Andrews GP, Jones DS. Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Comprehensive Review of Their Thermodynamics, Microstructure and Drug Delivery Applications. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 186:85-104. [PMID: 36907368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are multicomponent liquids that are usually formed by coupling a hydrogen bond donor and acceptor leading to strong non-covalent (NC) intermolecular networking and profound depression in the melting point of the system. Pharmaceutically, this phenomenon has been exploited to improve drugs' physicochemical properties, with an established DES therapeutic subcategory, therapeutic deep eutectic solvents (THEDES). THEDES preparation is usually via straightforward synthetic processes with little involvement of sophisticated techniques, which, in addition to its thermodynamic stability, make these multi-component molecular adducts a very attractive alternative for drug enabling purposes. Other NC bonded binary systems (e.g., co-crystals and ionic liquids) are utilized in the pharmaceutical field for enhancing drug's behaviours. However, a clear distinction between these systems and THEDES is scarcely discussed in the current literature. Accordingly, this review provides a structure-based categorization for DES formers, a discussion of its thermodynamic properties and phase behaviour, and it clarifies the physicochemical and microstructure boundaries between DES and other NC systems. Additionally, a summary of its preparation techniques and their experimental conditions preparation is supplied. Instrumental analysis techniques can be used to characterize and differentiate DES from other NC mixtures, hence this review draws a road map to for this purpose. Since this work mainly focuses on pharmaceutical applications of DES, all types of THEDES including the highly discussed types (conventional, drugs dissolved in DES and polymer based) in addition to the less discussed categories are covered. Finally, the regulatory status of THEDES was investigated despite the current unclear situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdy M Abdelquader
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanat, Egypt.
| | - Shu Li
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Gavin P Andrews
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - David S Jones
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Oliveira F, Silva E, Matias A, Silva JM, Reis RL, Duarte ARC. Menthol-based deep eutectic systems as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents for wound healing. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 182:106368. [PMID: 36572356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Effective antimicrobial treatment has been identified as a serious and unmet medical need. Herein, we present a strategy based on deep eutectic systems (DES) to overcome current limitations, answering the need not only to effectively kill bacterial agents but also to avoid their adhesion and proliferation, which is associated with biofilm formation and have a crucial impact on bacterial virulence. To achieve such a goal, natural deep eutectic systems (NADES) based on menthol (Me) and saturated free fatty acids (FFA) were produced, fully physicochemical characterized, and its bioactive properties were described. The antimicrobial potential of menthol-based NADES with FFA, namely, myristic acid (MA), lauric acid (LA), and stearic acid (SA) were investigated towards a broad panel of microorganisms. The obtained data indicates that NADES possess effective antimicrobial properties towards the Gram-positive bacterial and fungal strains tested. Among the tested formulations, Me:LA at a molar ratio of 4:1 molar was used to carry out a biofilm detachment/removal assay due to is superior microbiological properties. This formulation was able to effectively lead to biofilm removal/dispersion of not only methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Candida albicans, but also Escherichia coli, without the need of any additional physical force or antibiotic. Furthermore, since microbial invasion and biofilm formation is highly undesired in wound healing, namely in chronic wound healing, the wound healing properties of these eutectic formulations was also investigated. The results suggest that these NADES can cope with microbial invasion and biofilm detachment while not compromising normal keratinocyte proliferation and migration verified in wound healing and epidermis repair, while also contributing to the reduction of cell stress and inflammation via the control of ROS production. In conclusion, these results provide the indication that NADES based on Me and FFA holds great interest as antimicrobial agents for preventive and therapeutic applications in various clinical settings, including wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana Matias
- Nutraceuticals and Bioactives Process Technology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Joana M Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita C Duarte
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ahmadi R, Azooz EA, Yamini Y, Ramezani AM. Liquid-liquid microextraction techniques based on in-situ formation/decomposition of deep eutectic solvents. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
|
30
|
Funari CS, Rinaldo D, Bolzani VS, Verpoorte R. Reaction of the Phytochemistry Community to Green Chemistry: Insights Obtained Since 1990. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:440-459. [PMID: 36638830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review article aims to study how phytochemists have reacted to green chemistry insights since 1990, the year when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched the "Pollution Prevention Act". For each year in the period 1990 to 2019, three highly cited phytochemistry papers that provided enough information about the experimental procedures utilized were sampled. The "greenness" of these procedures was assessed, particularly for the use of solvents. The highly hazardous diethyl ether, benzene, and carbon tetrachloride did not appear in the papers sampled after 2010. Advances in terms of sustainability were observed mainly in the extraction stage. Similar progress was not observed in purification procedures, where chloroform, dichloromethane, and hexane regularly have been employed. Since replacing such solvents in purification procedures should be a major goal, potential alternative approaches are discussed. Moreover, some current initiatives toward a more sustainable phytochemical research considering aspects other than only solvents are highlighted. Although some advances have been achieved, it is believed that natural products chemists can play a major role in developing a novel ecological paradigm in chemistry. To contribute to this objective, six principles for performing natural products chemistry consistent with the guidelines of green chemistry are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano S Funari
- Green Biotech Network, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 18610-034Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rinaldo
- Green Biotech Network, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 17033-360Bauru, Brazil
| | - Vanderlan S Bolzani
- NuBBE, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-900Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, PO Box 9505, 2300RALeiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Deep Eutectic Solvents. Sci Pharm 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm91010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we utilized several deep eutectic solvents (DES) that were based on hydrogen donors and hydrogen acceptors for their antibacterial application. These DES were tested for their bactericidal activities against Gram-positive (Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli K1, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens) bacteria. Using lactate dehydrogenase assays, DES were evaluated for their cytopathic effects towards human cells. Results from antibacterial tests revealed that DES prepared from the combination of methyl-trioctylammonium chloride and glycerol (DES-4) and DES prepared form methyl-trioctylammonium chloride and fructose (DES-11) at a 2 µL dose showed broad-spectrum antibacterial behavior and had the highest bactericidal activity. Moreover, DES-4 showed 40% and 68% antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and E. coli K1, respectively. Similarly, DES-11 eliminated 65% and 61% E. coli K1 and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Among Gram-positive bacteria, DES-4 showed important antibacterial activity, inhibiting 75% of B. cereus and 51% of S. pneumoniae. Likewise, DES-11 depicted 70% B. cereus and 50% S. pneumoniae bactericidal effects. Finally, the DES showed limited cytotoxic properties against human cell lines with the exception of the DES prepared from Methyltrioctylammonium chloride and Citric acid (DES-10), which had 88% cytotoxic effects. These findings suggest that DES depict potent antibacterial efficacies and cause minimal damage to human cells. It can be concluded that the selected DES in this study could be utilized as valuable and novel antibacterial drugs against bacterial infections. In future work, the mechanisms for bactericides and the cytotoxicity effects of these DES will be investigated.
Collapse
|
32
|
Razavi N, Foroutan F, Sahebian S, Vahdati Khaki J. Extraction and pre-concentration of parabens in liquid pharmaceutical samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on deep eutectic solvents. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5547. [PMID: 36382931 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using deep eutectic solvent (DES), as an extraction solvent, was applied for the pre-concentration and determination of parabens in liquid pharmaceutical samples. A DES composed of a hydrogen bond acceptor [choline chloride (ChCl)] and a hydrogen bond donor (glucose) achieved the highest extraction efficiency. Therefore, this solvent was selected as the extraction solvent. After the synthesis of this solvent, its various properties were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used for this purpose and the successful synthesis of the solvent was confirmed. HPLC with photodiode array detection was used for the analysis of paraben species. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were monitored and optimized through univariate analysis and experimental design. Under the optimal conditions (pH of aqueous solution 4.5, ethanol as the disperser solvent, and glucose DES as the extraction solvent), the linearity range of 0.1-5000 ng mL-1 was obtained with the coefficient of determination (R2 ) between 0.993 and 0.9962. Limits of detections ranged from 0.04 to 0.15 ng mL-1 , with relative standard deviations from 1.8% to 6.8%. The developed method was applied to the determination of parabens in liquid pharmaceuticals such as ampule, syrups, and nose drop samples. A certain amount of paraben was added to the tested real samples to increase their shelf life. The relative recoveries in these real samples ranged between 80.9% and 103.1%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nourolhoda Razavi
- Department of Chemistry, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Foroutan
- Department of Chemistry, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samaneh Sahebian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jalil Vahdati Khaki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li M, Rao C, Ye X, Wang M, Yang B, Wang C, Guo L, Xiong Y, Cui X. Applications for natural deep eutectic solvents in Chinese herbal medicines. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1104096. [PMID: 36699048 PMCID: PMC9868165 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1104096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs), with a wide range of bioactive components, are considered to be an important source for new drug discovery. However, the process to isolate and obtain those bioactive components to develop new drugs always consumes a large amount of organic solvents with high toxicity and non-biodegradability. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), a new type of green and designable solvents composed of primary plant-based metabolites, have been used as eco-friendly substitutes for traditional organic solvents in various fields. Due to the advantages of easy preparation, low production cost, low toxicity, and eco-friendliness, NADES have been also applied as extraction solvents, media, and drug delivery agents in CHMs in recent years. Besides, the special properties of NADES have been contributed to elucidating the traditional processing (also named Paozhi in Chinese) theory of CHMs, especially processing with honey. In this paper, the development process, preparation, classification, and applications for NADES in CHMs have been reviewed. Prospects in the future applications and challenges have been discussed to better understand the possibilities of the new solvents in the drug development and other uses of CHMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Rao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ye
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Leiden University–European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands,SU Biomedicine BV, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Boyuan Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Chengxiao Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Liqun Guo
- Center for Drug Discovery & Technology Development of Yunnan Traditional Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yin Xiong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Leiden University–European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Yin Xiong, ; Xiuming Cui,
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,*Correspondence: Yin Xiong, ; Xiuming Cui,
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Morozova OV, Vasil'eva IS, Shumakovich GP, Zaitseva EA, Yaropolov AI. Deep Eutectic Solvents for Biotechnology Applications. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:S150-S175. [PMID: 37069119 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923140092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are an alternative to traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids and meet the requirements of "green" chemistry. They are easy to prepare using low-cost constituents, are non-toxic and biodegradable. The review analyzes literature on the use of DES in various fields of biotechnology, provides data on the types of DESs, methods for their preparation, and properties. The main areas of using DESs in biotechnology include extraction of physiologically active substances from natural resources, pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass to improve enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, production of bioplastics, as well as a reaction medium for biocatalytic reactions. The aim of this review is to summarize available information on the use of new solvents for biotechnological purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Morozova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center "Fundamental Bases of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Irina S Vasil'eva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center "Fundamental Bases of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Galina P Shumakovich
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center "Fundamental Bases of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Elena A Zaitseva
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander I Yaropolov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center "Fundamental Bases of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Phase equilibria for the mixtures of the deep eutectic solvent L-menthol + thymol plus CO2 at high pressure. J IND ENG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2023.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
36
|
Martínez GM, Townley GG, Martínez-Espinosa RM. Controversy on the toxic nature of deep eutectic solvents and their potential contribution to environmental pollution. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12567. [PMID: 36619414 PMCID: PMC9813709 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are promising reaction media where interesting catalytic processes can be carried out. In theory, most of these mixtures are environmentally friendly, being an alternative to traditionally pollutant organic solvents used in several processes related to organic chemistry and biotechnology. However, recent studies show contradictory results regarding their toxicity. The method selected to perform toxicity studies could be significantly conditioned by some of the physical properties displayed by the DESs. Also, the metabolic capabilities of the organisms/cells used to monitor their toxicity are influenced by their physical properties. In this review, relevant physical-chemical properties for toxicity studies are summarized. The advantages/disadvantages of the used tests to monitor their toxicity and biodegradability in connection with the chosen organisms/cells are discussed, shedding light on their limitations. These findings could be taken as a starting point for designing more accurate DESs toxicity studies covering a wider spectrum of organisms and cells to be used as biomodels to monitor environmental pollution caused by DESs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Martínez Martínez
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, Agrochemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ap. 99, E-03080, Alicante, Spain
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (IMEM), University of Alicante, Ap. 99, E-03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Gabriela Guillena Townley
- Organic Chemistry Department and Organic Synthesis Institute (ISO), University of Alicante, Ap. 99, E-03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, Agrochemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ap. 99, E-03080, Alicante, Spain
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (IMEM), University of Alicante, Ap. 99, E-03080, Alicante, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sportiello L, Favati F, Condelli N, Di Cairano M, Carmela Caruso M, Simonato B, Tolve R, Galgano F. Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents in the food sector: focus on their use for the extraction of bioactive compounds. Food Chem 2022; 405:134703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
38
|
Lomba L, Polo A, Alejandre J, Martínez N, Giner B. Solubility enhancement of caffeine and furosemide using deep eutectic solvents formed by choline chloride and xylitol, citric acid, sorbitol or glucose. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
39
|
Delavault A, Zoheir AE, Muller D, Hollenbach R, Rabe KS, Ochsenreither K, Rudat J, Syldatk C. Enhanced Bioactivity of Tailor-Made Glycolipid Enriched Manuka Honey. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912031. [PMID: 36233331 PMCID: PMC9570014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids can be synthetized in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as they possess low water content allowing a reversed lipase activity and thus enables ester formation. Based on this principle, honey can also serve as a media for glycolipid synthesis. Indeed, this supersaturated sugar solution is comparable in terms of physicochemical properties to the sugar-based DESs. Honey-based products being commercially available for therapeutic applications, it appears interesting to enhance its bioactivity. In the current work, we investigate if enriching medical grade honey with in situ enzymatically-synthetized glycolipids can improve the antimicrobial property of the mixture. The tested mixtures are composed of Manuka honey that is enriched with octanoate, decanoate, laurate, and myristate sugar esters, respectively dubbed GOH, GDH, GLH, and GMH. To characterize the bioactivity of those mixtures, first a qualitative screening using an agar well diffusion assay has been performed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Candida bombicola, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas putida which confirmed considerably enhanced susceptibility of these micro-organisms to the different glycolipid enriched honey mixtures. Then, a designed biosensor E. coli strain that displays a stress reporter system consisting of three stress-specific inducible, red, green, and blue fluorescent proteins which respectively translate to physiological stress, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity was used. Bioactivity was, therefore, characterized, and a six-fold enhancement of the physiological stress that was caused by GOH compared to regular Manuka honey at a 1.6% (v/v) concentration was observed. An antibacterial agar well diffusion assay with E. coli was performed as well and demonstrated an improved inhibitory potential with GOH upon 20% (v/v) concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Delavault
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-721-608-467-39
| | - Ahmed E. Zoheir
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, National Research Center (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Molecular Evolution, Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Delphine Muller
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hollenbach
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Technikum Laubholz GmbH, Biotechnologische Konversion, 89143 Blaubeuren, Germany
| | - Kersten S. Rabe
- Molecular Evolution, Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Technikum Laubholz GmbH, Biotechnologische Konversion, 89143 Blaubeuren, Germany
| | - Jens Rudat
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Boateng ID. A Critical Review of Emerging Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents' Applications in Food Chemistry: Trends and Opportunities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11860-11879. [PMID: 36099559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to their low cost, biodegradability, and ease of preparation, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are considered promising green alternatives to conventional solvents, as exploiting green solvents has been a research focus for achieving sustainable development goals. Most DESs in published studies are hydrophilic. On the other hand, the DES's hydrophilicity restricts its practical applicability to just polar molecules, which is a vital disadvantage to this extractant. Hydrophobic DES (HDES) has been developed as a new extractant adept at extracting nonpolar inorganic and organic compounds from aqueous systems. Although there has been little research on HDESs (HDES publications account for <10% of DES), specific intriguing applications have been discovered, requiring investigation and comparisons. As a result, this review covers the applications of emerging HDES in detecting pesticide residues, food additives, contaminants in food packaging, heavy metals, separation and extraction processes in food. According to the available literature, HDESs have the potential to overcome the limitations of hydrophilic DESs and be used in a broader range of applications in food with greater efficiency, which has received little attention. HDES is expected to substitute a lot of harmful organic extractants used for analytical reasons (food chemistry) in the future. Besides, the limitations of HDES were reviewed, and future studies were provided. This will serve as a reference for green chemistry advocates and practitioners in food science who want to minimize pollution and improve efficiency and benefit from the further development of HDESs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Duah Boateng
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, 1406 E Rollins Street, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li D. Natural deep eutectic solvents in phytonutrient extraction and other applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1004332. [PMID: 36212381 PMCID: PMC9533057 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1004332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs) are considered a new type of green solvent with attractive application prospects in many fields because of their simple preparation, low cost, environmental friendliness, low volatility, high solvency capacity, designable structure, and easy biodegradability. Due to their biocompatibility, they are safe to use and are particularly suitable for natural product applications. In recent years, NaDESs have been used to extract phytonutrients (e.g., flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, alkaloids, quinones, phenolic acids, volatile oils, etc.) to improve their solubility, stability, and bioavailability. This review is intended to summarize and discuss recent progress in the field of natural products related to materials and preparation methods, physicochemical properties, enhancing extraction and separation, increasing solubility, improving stability and bioavailability, facilitating oral absorption of phytonutrients, and finally, highlighting the challenge for future work.
Collapse
|
42
|
Zainal-Abidin MH, Hayyan M, Ngoh GC, Wong WF, Tok TT. Derivation of an anti-cancer drug nanocarrier using a malonic acid-based deep eutectic solvent as a functionalization agent. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
43
|
Popović BM, Uka D, Alioui O, Ždero Pavlović R, Benguerba Y. Experimental and COSMO-RS theoretical exploration of rutin formulations in natural deep eutectic solvents: Solubility, stability, antioxidant activity, and bioaccessibility. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
44
|
Recent Developments on Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents for Drug Delivery Applications. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2367-2377. [PMID: 35739370 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03315-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The field of Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is continuously expanding due to their exceptional unique properties and highly tunable nature, which finds applications in broad areas of modern science. Considering numerous possible IL and DES combinations prepared with active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), they find applications in pharmaceutical sciences. They can also serve as potential components of drug formulations and hence they have drawn the attention of formulation scientists. Herein, the concept of pharmaceutical ILs and DESs are discussed briefly. The possible applications of these solvent systems for slow drug delivery including nanoscale drug delivery are discussed citing various examples from the published literature. Although the ILs and DESs are found to be suitable for various drug delivery applications but still none of the slow drug delivery vehicles based on these solvents is in practical use. The data relating to long-term toxicity upon administration in the human body followed by various safety evaluations, clinical trials, etc. are pending for such new drug delivery systems. However, proof of concept studies done on the retention of biological activities in the ionic form is quite encouraging and such studies indicate the possibility of application of such new systems in the development of biomedical research and related industries in near future.
Collapse
|
45
|
Kongpol K, Chaihao P, Shuapan P, Kongduk P, Chunglok W, Yusakul G. Therapeutic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents of menthol and fatty acid for enhancing anti-inflammation effects of curcuminoids and curcumin on RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17443-17453. [PMID: 35765438 PMCID: PMC9189865 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01782b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to their water insolubility, low stability, and poor absorption, anti-inflammatory curcuminoids (CUN) are difficult to be extracted and delivered to the action site. As a result, therapeutic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs), containing menthol and fatty acids (capric, caprylic, and oleic acids), are being developed for CUN solubilization and delivery. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of various combinations of HDESs with CUN and curcumin (CUR) were investigated on RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The results showed that CUN can be solubilized using the HDESs. The HDESs of oleic acid (OLA) : menthol (1 : 2, 1 : 1, and 2 : 1 molar ratios) exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, and OLA : menthol (1 : 1 molar ratio) increased the anti-inflammatory effects of CUR. The cytotoxicity of CUN and CUR was also lowered when combined with some OLA : menthol HDESs. The combination of OLA, menthol, and CUR entirely suppressed NO secretion without significant cytotoxicity. These results clearly indicate the potential of HDESs to solubilize CUN and impart anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, these solvents could replace organic solvents for CUN extraction, with the added benefit of being therapeutic, biodegradable, and safe for human consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kantapich Kongpol
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand.,Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Product, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Preenapan Chaihao
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Parichat Shuapan
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Ploypailin Kongduk
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Gorawit Yusakul
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand +66-75-67-2839.,Biomass and Oil Palm Center of Excellence, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wu J, Yin T. Insight into the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of therapeutic deep eutectic solvents based on matrine and fatty acids. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
47
|
Shaibuna M, Theresa LV, Sreekumar K. Neoteric deep eutectic solvents: history, recent developments, and catalytic applications. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:2695-2721. [PMID: 35348135 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01797g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are modified versions of ionic liquids (ILs) and are formed by the fusion of polar components (liquids or solids) via hydrogen bonding interactions. DESs are prepared by the simple mixing of two or three cheap constituents (that are capable of self-association) with gentle heating, which leads to a drastic decrease in their melting points. The resultant clear homogeneous mixture consists of cations, anions, as well as neutral molecules; this will contribute both ionic and molecular solvent properties to the DESs. DESs have emerged as alternatives to conventional organic solvents and ILs, which meet different criteria such as availability, low cost, low toxicity, biodegradability, recyclability, ease of preparation method, tunable, and designer physiochemical properties. Many of them have attracted considerable attention and haave been applied in distinct fields of chemistry. To summarize the full-scale development of DESs, this review discusses the history, classifications, various methods of preparation, properties, and some major applications in catalysis in the last three years. This review is expected to be helpful for the further development of DESs based on a summary of the fundamental research in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Shaibuna
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-22, Kerala, India.
| | - Letcy V Theresa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-22, Kerala, India.
| | - K Sreekumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-22, Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Marchel M, Cieśliński H, Boczkaj G. Deep eutectic solvents microbial toxicity: Current state of art and critical evaluation of testing methods. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127963. [PMID: 34896723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were described at the beginning of 21st century and they consist of a mixture of two or more solid components, which gives rise to a lower melting point compared to the starting materials. Over the years, DESs have proved to be a promising alternative to traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) due to their low volatility, low inflammability, easy preparation, and usually low cost of compounds used in their preparation. All these properties encouraged researchers to use them in diverse fields and applications e.g., as extractants for biomolecules and solvents in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Nevertheless, despite undeniable potential of DESs, there is still controversy about their toxicity. Besides the low number of studies on this topic, there are also some contradicting reports on biocompatibility of these solvents. Such misleading reports could be mainly attributed to the lack of well design standard protocol for DESs toxicity determination or the use of out-off-purpose methodology. Thus, to better apply DESs in green and sustainable chemistry, more studies on their impact on organisms at different trophic levels and the use of proper techniques are required. This review focuses on DESs toxicity towards microorganisms and is divided into three parts: The first part provides a brief general introduction to DESs, the second part discusses the methodologies used for assessment of DESs microbial toxicity and the obtained results, and finally in the third part the critical evaluation of the methods is provided, as well as suggestions and guidelines for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Marchel
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Hubert Cieśliński
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; EkoTech Center, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Application of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as trace level drug extractants and drug solubility enhancers: State-of-the-art, prospects and challenges. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
50
|
Sarraguça MC, Ribeiro PRS, Nunes C, Seabra CL. Solids Turn into Liquids—Liquid Eutectic Systems of Pharmaceutics to Improve Drug Solubility. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030279. [PMID: 35337077 PMCID: PMC8951776 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The low solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is a problem in pharmaceutical development. Several methodologies can be used to improve API solubility, including the use of eutectic systems in which one of the constituents is the API. This class of compounds is commonly called Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Systems (THEDES). THEDES has been gaining attention due to their properties such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, and being non-expensive and easy to prepare. Since the knowledge of the solid liquid diagram of the mixture and the ideal eutectic point is necessary to ascertain if a mixture is a deep eutectic or just a eutectic mixture that is liquid at ambient temperature, the systems studied in this work are called Therapeutic Liquid Eutectic Systems (THELES). Therefore, the strategy proposed in this work is to improve the solubility of chlorpropamide and tolbutamide by preparing THELES. Both APIs are sulfonylurea compounds used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and have low solubility in water. To prepare the THELES, several coformers were tested, namely, tromethamine, L(+)-arginine, L-tryptophan, citric acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, and p-aminobenzoic acid, in molar ratios of 1:1 and 1:2. To improve viscosity, water was added in different molar ratios to all systems. THELES were characterized by mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR), and differential scanning calorimetry. Their viscosity, solubility, and permeability were also determined. Their stability at room temperature and 40 °C was accessed by MIR. Cytocompatibility was performed by metabolic activity and cell lysis evaluation, according to ISO10993-5:2009, and compared with the crystalline APIs. THELES with TRIS were successfully synthesized for both APIs. Results showed an increased solubility without a decrease in the permeability of the APIs in the THELES when compared with the pure APIs. The THELES were also considered stable for 8 weeks at ambient temperature. The cells studied showed that the THELES were not toxic for the cell lines used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda C. Sarraguça
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.N.); (C.L.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Paulo R. S. Ribeiro
- Centro de Ciências Sociais, Saúde e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Imperatriz 65900-410, Brazil;
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.N.); (C.L.S.)
| | - Catarina Leal Seabra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.N.); (C.L.S.)
| |
Collapse
|