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Kim D, Yadav D, Song M. An updated review on animal models to study attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:187. [PMID: 38605002 PMCID: PMC11009407 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02893-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder affecting both children and adolescents. Individuals with ADHD experience heterogeneous problems, such as difficulty in attention, behavioral hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Recent studies have shown that complex genetic factors play a role in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders. Animal models with clear hereditary traits are crucial for studying the molecular, biological, and brain circuit mechanisms underlying ADHD. Owing to their well-managed genetic origins and the relative simplicity with which the function of neuronal circuits is clearly established, models of mice can help learn the mechanisms involved in ADHD. Therefore, in this review, we highlighting the important genetic animal models that can be used to study ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daegeon Kim
- Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea.
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Behera A, Pradhan SP, Tejaswani P, Sa N, Pattnaik S, Sahu PK. Ameliorative and Neuroprotective Effect of Core-Shell Type Se@Au Conjugated Hesperidin Nanoparticles in Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:7329-7345. [PMID: 37561235 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03539-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most chronic metabolic ailment characterized by insulin deficiency leading to aberrant cognitive dysfunction in later stages. Hesperidin is a bioflavonoid, having different pharmacological activities, but its poor water solubility and short plasma half-life restrict its applications in the clinical field. So, the hesperidin was conjugated with gold, selenium, and core-shell bimetallic nanoparticles of gold and selenium. Different spectroscopic methods characterized the synthesized monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles. The rats were injected with streptozotocin to induce cognitive dysfunction, followed by administering HSP, HSP-Au NPs, HSP-Se NPs, and Se@Au-HSP NPs daily for 21 days. Then, the neurobehavioral studies, oxidative stress parameters, AChE and nitrite levels, the content of amyloid-β42, and inflammatory mediators were accessed to evaluate the effect of the nanoparticles against the STZ rat model. The results showed a significant increase in oxidative stress, AChE activity, amyloid-β42, nitrite levels, and neuroinflammation by upregulating the inflammatory cytokines in the streptozotocin-administered rat brain. The HSP, HSP-Au NPs, HSP-Se NPs, and Se@Au-HSP NPs effectively reversed all these effects of streptozotocin. However, the bimetallic nanoparticle Se@Au-HSP NPs revealed better neuroprotective action than HSP-Au NPs and HSP-Se NPs. Hesperidin-conjugated bimetallic nanoparticles improved learning and memory in the STZ rat model and may be an alternative approach for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Behera
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus - II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Sweta Priyadarshini Pradhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus - II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - P Tejaswani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus - II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Nishigandha Sa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus - II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Swagata Pattnaik
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus - II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus - II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Bakhtiarzadeh F, Shahpasand K, Shojaei A, Fathollahi Y, Roohi N, Barkley V, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Age-dependent Effects of Dopamine on Working Memory and Synaptic Plasticity in Hippocampal CA3-CA1 Synapses in Mice. Neuroscience 2023; 532:14-22. [PMID: 37741356 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Normal aging in mammals is accompanied by a decline in learning and memory. Dopamine plays a vital role in regulating cognitive functions, but it declines with age: During non-pathological aging, dopamine levels, receptors, and transporters decrease. Regarding the role of the dopaminergic system's changes in old age, we examined the effect of age and applied dopamine on working memory, synaptic transmission, and long-term potentiation (LTP) induction and maintenance in young adult and mature adult mice. We employed the Y-maze spontaneous alteration test to evaluate working memory. Maturation had no observed effect on working memory performance. Interestingly, working memory performance increased following intracerebroventricular administration of dopamine only in mature adult mice. We employed evoked field potential recording (in vitro) to assess the effects of age and maturation on the long-term potentiation (LTP) induction and maintenance. There was no difference in LTP induction and maintenance between young and mature adult mice before dopamine application. However, the application of dopamine on mature adult murine slices increased LTP magnitude compared to slices from young adults. According to the obtained results, it may be concluded that hippocampal neural excitability increased in mature adult subjects, and application of dopamine abolished the difference in neural excitability among young mature and adult mature groups; which was accompanied with increment of working memory and synaptic potentiation in mature adult animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bakhtiarzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koorosh Shahpasand
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Roohi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vicrotia Barkley
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Savchenko A, Targa G, Fesenko Z, Leo D, Gainetdinov RR, Sukhanov I. Dopamine Transporter Deficient Rodents: Perspectives and Limitations for Neuroscience. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050806. [PMID: 37238676 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The key element of dopamine (DA) neurotransmission is undoubtedly DA transporter (DAT), a transmembrane protein responsible for the synaptic reuptake of the mediator. Changes in DAT's function can be a key mechanism of pathological conditions associated with hyperdopaminergia. The first strain of gene-modified rodents with a lack of DAT were created more than 25 years ago. Such animals are characterized by increased levels of striatal DA, resulting in locomotor hyperactivity, increased levels of motor stereotypes, cognitive deficits, and other behavioral abnormalities. The administration of dopaminergic and pharmacological agents affecting other neurotransmitter systems can mitigate those abnormalities. The main purpose of this review is to systematize and analyze (1) known data on the consequences of changes in DAT expression in experimental animals, (2) results of pharmacological studies in these animals, and (3) to estimate the validity of animals lacking DAT as models for discovering new treatments of DA-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Savchenko
- Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6-8, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Giorgia Targa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Zoia Fesenko
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Damiana Leo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- St. Petersburg University Hospital, St. Petersburg State University, Fontanka River Emb. 154, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Sukhanov
- Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6-8, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
- St. Petersburg University Hospital, St. Petersburg State University, Fontanka River Emb. 154, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Fernandez RF, Wilson ES, Diaz V, Martínez-Gardeazabal J, Foguth R, Cannon JR, Jackson SN, Hermann BP, Eells JB, Ellis JM. Lipid metabolism in dopaminergic neurons influences light entrainment. J Neurochem 2023; 165:379-390. [PMID: 36815399 PMCID: PMC10155601 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Dietary lipids, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, are speculated to impact behaviors linked to the dopaminergic system, such as movement and control of circadian rhythms. However, the ability to draw a direct link between dopaminergic omega-3 fatty acid metabolism and behavioral outcomes has been limited to the use of diet-based approaches, which are confounded by systemic effects. Here, neuronal lipid metabolism was targeted in a diet-independent manner by manipulation of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 6 (ACSL6) expression. ACSL6 performs the initial reaction for cellular fatty acid metabolism and prefers the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The loss of Acsl6 in mice (Acsl6-/- ) depletes neuronal membranes of DHA content and results in phenotypes linked to dopaminergic control, such as hyperlocomotion, impaired short-term spatial memory, and imbalances in dopamine neurochemistry. To investigate the role of dopaminergic ACSL6 on these outcomes, a dopaminergic neuron-specific ACSL6 knockout mouse was generated (Acsl6DA-/- ). Acsl6DA-/- mice demonstrated hyperlocomotion and imbalances in striatal dopamine neurochemistry. Circadian rhythms of both the Acsl6-/- and the Acsl6DA-/- mice were similar to control mice under basal conditions. However, upon light entrainment, a mimetic of jet lag, both the complete knockout of ACSL6 and the dopaminergic-neuron-specific loss of ACSL6 resulted in a longer recovery to entrainment compared to control mice. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that ACSL6 in dopaminergic neurons alters dopamine metabolism and regulation of light entrainment suggesting that DHA metabolism mediated by ACSL6 plays a role in dopamine neuron biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina F. Fernandez
- Department of Physiology and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity institute, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emily S. Wilson
- Department of Physiology and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity institute, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Victoria Diaz
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Rachel Foguth
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jason R. Cannon
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Shelley N. Jackson
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Translational Analytical Core, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian P. Hermann
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey B. Eells
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica M. Ellis
- Department of Physiology and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity institute, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Zabegalov KN, Costa F, Viktorova YA, Maslov GO, Kolesnikova TO, Gerasimova EV, Grinevich VP, Budygin EA, Kalueff AV. Behavioral profile of adult zebrafish acutely exposed to a selective dopamine uptake inhibitor, GBR 12909. J Psychopharmacol 2023:2698811231166463. [PMID: 37125702 DOI: 10.1177/02698811231166463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dopamine transporter (DAT) is the main regulator of dopamine concentration in the extrasynaptic space. The pharmacological inhibition of the DAT results in a wide spectrum of behavioral manifestations, which have been identified so far in a limited number of species, mostly in rodents. AIM Here, we used another well-recognized model organism, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), to explore the behavioral effects of GBR 12909, a highly-affine selective DAT blocker. METHODS We evaluated zebrafish locomotion, novelty-related exploration, spatial cognition, and social phenotypes in the novel tank, habituation and shoaling tests, following acute 20-min water immersion in GBR 12909. RESULTS Our findings show hypolocomotion, anxiety-like state, and impaired spatial cognition in fish acutely treated with GBR 12909. This behavioral profile generally parallels that of the DAT knockout rodents and zebrafish, and it overlaps with behavioral effects of other DAT-inhibiting drugs of abuse, such as cocaine and D-amphetamine. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data support the utility of zebrafish in translational studies on DAT targeting neuropharmacology and strongly implicate DAT aberration as an important mechanisms involved in neurological and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin N Zabegalov
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Fabiano Costa
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Yuliya A Viktorova
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Gleb O Maslov
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
- Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Region, Russia
| | - Tatiana O Kolesnikova
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Elena V Gerasimova
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Vladimir P Grinevich
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Budygin
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
- Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Region, Russia
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Ramezani M, Meymand AZ, Khodagholi F, Kamsorkh HM, Asadi E, Noori M, Rahimian K, Shahrbabaki AS, Talebi A, Parsaiyan H, Shiravand S, Darbandi N. A role for flavonoids in the prevention and/or treatment of cognitive dysfunction, learning, and memory deficits: a review of preclinical and clinical studies. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:156-172. [PMID: 35152858 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2028058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Natural food substances, due to high rates of antioxidants, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, have been proposed to have the potential for the prevention or treatment of cognitive deficits, learning and memory deficits and neuro inflammation. In particular, medicinal plants with rich amounts of beneficial components such as flavonoids are one of the most promising therapeutic candidates for the cognitive deficit and memory loss. Herein, we aimed to review the impact of medicinal plants with focus on flavonoids on cognitive dysfunction, learning and memory loss by considering their signaling pathways. METHODS We extracted 93 preclinical and clinical studies related to the effects of flavonoids on learning and memory and cognition from published papers between 2000 and 2021 in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and Airiti Library databases. RESULTS In the preclinical studies, at least there seem to be two main neurological and biological processes in which flavonoids contribute to the improvement and/or prevention of learning, memory deficit and cognitive dysfunction: (1) Regulation of neurotransmission system and (2) Enhancement of neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival. CONCLUSION Although useful effects of flavonoids on learning and memory in preclinical investigations have been approved, more clinical trials are required to find out whether flavonoids and/or other ingredients of plants have the potent to prevent or treat neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Ramezani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Asadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Noori
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Kimia Rahimian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Aisa Talebi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Parsaiyan
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Shiravand
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Darbandi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
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Alhowail A. Mechanisms Underlying Cognitive Impairment Induced by Prenatal Alcohol Exposure. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121667. [PMID: 36552126 PMCID: PMC9775935 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is one of the most commonly used illicit substances among pregnant women. Clinical and experimental studies have revealed that prenatal alcohol exposure affects fetal brain development and ultimately results in the persistent impairment of the offspring's cognitive functions. Despite this, the rate of alcohol use among pregnant women has been progressively increasing. Various aspects of human and animal behavior, including learning and memory, are dependent on complex interactions between multiple mechanisms, such as receptor function, mitochondrial function, and protein kinase activation, which are especially vulnerable to alterations during the developmental period. Thus, the exploration of the mechanisms that are altered in response to prenatal alcohol exposure is necessary to develop an understanding of how homeostatic imbalance and various long-term neurobehavioral impairments manifest following alcohol abuse during pregnancy. There is evidence that prenatal alcohol exposure results in vast alterations in mechanisms such as long-term potentiation, mitochondrial function, and protein kinase activation in the brain of offspring. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are very few recent reviews that focus on the cognitive effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and the associated mechanisms. Therefore, in this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the recently reported alterations to various mechanisms following alcohol exposure during pregnancy, and to draw potential associations with behavioral changes in affected offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Al Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Wei FS, Rao MW, Huang YL, Chen SB, Wu YQ, Yang L. miR-182-5p Delivered by Plasma Exosomes Promotes Sevoflurane-Induced Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Rats with Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Targeting Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Activating NF-κB Pathway. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:1902-1912. [PMID: 36308704 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to discuss the possible mechanism and effect of miR-182-5p delivered by plasma exosomes on sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive disorder in aged rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Firstly, aged POCD rat models were constructed by sevoflurane anesthesia and superior mesenteric artery occlusion. Subsequently, exosomes and miR-182-5p were inhibited by injection of GW4869 and miR-182-5p-sponge, respectively. Then, exosomes were extracted from the plasma of rats in each group, followed by the determination of the morphology and diameters of exosomes as well as the expression of exosome markers CD63 and CD81 by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and Western blot. Besides, the Morris water maze (MWM) and fear conditioning test were used to evaluate the learning and memory ability of rats; Western blot to detect the expression levels of neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF)) as well as NF-κB pathway-related proteins (p65 and p-p65) in rat hippocampal tissues or PC-12 cells; qRT-PCR to assess the expression levels of miR-182-5p and BDNF in rat plasma, plasma exosomes, hippocampal tissues, and PC-12 cells; ELISA to evaluate the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in rat hippocampal tissues; and dual-luciferase reporter assay to verify the targeting relationship between miR-182-5p and BDNF. After examination, the results were obtained as follows. miR-182-5p expression was up-regulated in POCD rats and could be delivered by plasma exosomes. Inhibition of plasma exosomes or miR-182-5p could significantly ameliorate learning and memory disorders; decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β; increase the expression of BDNF and NGF; and inhibit the activity of NF-κB signaling pathway in POCD rat hippocampus. In addition, miR-182-5p could also target and inhibit BDNF. All in all, miR-182-5p delivered by plasma exosomes promotes sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction in aged POCD rats by targeting BDNF and activating the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Sheng Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330052, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mu-Wen Rao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330052, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuan-Lu Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330052, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shi-Biao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330052, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yu-Qian Wu
- Science and Technology Division, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330052, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330052, Jiangxi, China.
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10
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Dopamine-related polymorphisms and Affective Working Memory in aging. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022; 191:107623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kantak KM. Rodent models of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: An updated framework for model validation and therapeutic drug discovery. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 216:173378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Spatial working memory is disparately interrelated with social status through different developmental stages in rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 416:113547. [PMID: 34437940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Social life necessitates cognitive competence to meet the dynamic demands of social development. The formation of dominance hierarchy is a general phenomenon in social groups. As an essential element of executive and cognitive function, working memory could influence and be influenced by social status in a dominance hierarchy. However, the direction and degree of the association between them through different developmental stages remain unclear. To address this issue and clarify the "cause or consequence" problem, we investigated the spatial working memory performance in a Y-maze and Morris water maze in home-caged sibling Wistar rats (N = 26 cages, three rats/cage) through three stages of their life: before (week 7), during (week 10), and after (week 20) assumed timings of the social dominance hierarchy formation (SDHF). We used the social dominance tube test during the assumed time of hierarchy formation (weeks 9-11) to measure the relative dominance status in each cage. Here, we found that higher working memory index before SDHF could be predictive of later acquisition of higher social status. Working memory performance declined for all animals during SDHF, in which agonistic conflicts are increased. However, living within an established hierarchical social network for several weeks deteriorated the working memory performance of dominant and middle-ranked animals, while the performance of subordinates improved and got significantly better than higher-ranked animals. In conclusion, while working memory and social status were correlated positively before dominance hierarchy formation, there was a trade-off between them after the formation of it. In contrast to the common view, these results highlight the adverse effect of higher social status on cognitive behavior.
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Stanford SC. Animal Models of ADHD? Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2022; 57:363-393. [PMID: 35604570 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To describe animals that express abnormal behaviors as a model of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) implies that the abnormalities are analogous to those expressed by ADHD patients. The diagnostic features of ADHD comprise inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity and so these behaviors are fundamental for validation of any animal model of this disorder. Several experimental interventions such as neurotoxic lesion of neonatal rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), genetic alterations, or selective inbreeding of rodents have produced animals that express each of these impairments to some extent. This article appraises the validity of claims that these procedures have produced a model of ADHD, which is essential if they are to be used to investigate the underlying cause(s) of ADHD and its abnormal neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Clare Stanford
- Department of Neuroscience Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.
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Cristino LMF, Chaves Filho AJM, Custódio CS, Vasconcelos SMM, de Sousa FCF, Sanders LLO, de Lucena DF, Macedo DS. Animal Model of Neonatal Immune Challenge by Lipopolysaccharide: A Study of Sex Influence in Behavioral and Immune/Neurotrophic Alterations in Juvenile Mice. Neuroimmunomodulation 2022; 29:391-401. [PMID: 35272296 DOI: 10.1159/000522055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prenatal/perinatal exposure to infections may trigger neurodevelopmental alterations that lead to neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous evidence points to long-term behavioral consequences, such as autistic-like behaviors in rodents induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pre- and postnatal (PN) exposure during critical neurodevelopmental periods. Additionally, sex influences the prevalence and symptoms of ASD. Despite this, the mechanisms underlying this influence are poorly understood. We aim to study sex influences in behavioral and neurotrophic/inflammatory alterations triggered by LPS neonatal exposure in juvenile mice at an approximate age of ASD diagnosis in humans. METHODS Swiss male and female mice on PN days 5 and 7 received a single daily injection of 500 μg/kg LPS from Escherichia coli or sterile saline (control group). We conducted behavioral determinations of locomotor activity, repetitive behavior, anxiety-like behavior, social interaction, and working memory in animals on PN25 (equivalent to 3-5 years old of the human). To determine BDNF levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, we used animals on PN8 (equivalent to a human term infant) and PN25. In addition, we evaluated iba-1 (microglia marker), TNFα, and parvalbumin expression on PN25. RESULTS Male juvenile mice presented repetitive behavior, anxiety, and working memory deficits. Females showed social impairment and working memory deficits. In the neurochemical analysis, we detected lower BDNF levels in brain areas of female mice that were more evident in juvenile mice. Only LPS-challenged females presented a marked hippocampal expression of the microglial activation marker, iba-1, and increased TNFα levels, accompanied by a lower parvalbumin expression. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Male and female mice presented distinct behavioral alterations. However, LPS-challenged juvenile females showed the most prominent neurobiological alterations related to autism, such as increased microglial activation and parvalbumin impairment. Since these sex-sensitive alterations seem to be age-dependent, a better understanding of changes induced by the exposure to specific risk factors throughout life represents essential targets for developing strategies for autism prevention and precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Maria Frota Cristino
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research, and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Adriano José Maia Chaves Filho
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research, and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Charllyany Sabino Custódio
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research, and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Silvânia Maria Mendes Vasconcelos
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research, and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Francisca Cléa F de Sousa
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research, and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Lia Lira O Sanders
- Centro Universitário Christus - Unichristus, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - David Freitas de Lucena
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research, and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Danielle S Macedo
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research, and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Houston, Brazil
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H. Alhowai A. Doxorubicin Attenuates BDNF mRNA Expression in Hippocampal Neuronal Cells. INT J PHARMACOL 2021. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2021.414.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Palm D, Uzoni A, Simon F, Fischer M, Coogan A, Tucha O, Thome J, Faltraco F. Evolutionary conservations, changes of circadian rhythms and their effect on circadian disturbances and therapeutic approaches. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:21-34. [PMID: 34102148 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is essential for the interaction of all living organisms with their environments. Several processes, such as thermoregulation, metabolism, cognition and memory, are regulated by the internal clock. Disturbances in the circadian rhythm have been shown to lead to the development of neuropsychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Interestingly, the mechanism of the circadian rhythms has been conserved in many different species, and misalignment between circadian rhythms and the environment results in evolutionary regression and lifespan reduction. This review summarises the conserved mechanism of the internal clock and its major interspecies differences. In addition, it focuses on effects the circadian rhythm disturbances, especially in cases of ADHD, and describes the possibility of recombinant proteins generated by eukaryotic expression systems as therapeutic agents as well as CRISPR/Cas9 technology as a potential tool for research and therapy. The aim is to give an overview about the evolutionary conserved mechanism as well as the changes of the circadian clock. Furthermore, current knowledge about circadian rhythm disturbances and therapeutic approaches is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Palm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Adriana Uzoni
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Frederick Simon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andrew Coogan
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Ireland
| | - Oliver Tucha
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Johannes Thome
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Frank Faltraco
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany.
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Navarrete-Yañez V, Garate-Carrillo A, Ayala M, Rodriguez-Castañeda A, Mendoza-Lorenzo P, Ceballos G, Ordoñez-Razo R, Dugar S, Schreiner G, Villarreal F, Ramirez-Sanchez I. Stimulatory effects of (-)-epicatechin and its enantiomer (+)-epicatechin on mouse frontal cortex neurogenesis markers and short-term memory: proof of concept. Food Funct 2021; 12:3504-3515. [PMID: 33900336 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03084h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of (-)-epicatechin (Epi), a cacao flavanol improves cognition. The aim was to compare the effects of (-)-Epi or its stereoisomer (+)-Epi on mouse frontal cortex-dependent short-term working memory and modulators of neurogenesis. Three-month-old male mice (n = 7 per group) were provided by gavage either water (vehicle; Veh), (-)-Epi, at 1 mg kg-1 or (+)-Epi at 0.1 mg per kg of body weight for 15 days. After treatment, spontaneous alternation was evaluated by Y-maze. Brain frontal cortex was isolated for nitrate/nitrite measurements, Western blotting for nerve growth factor (NGF), microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP2), endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (eNOS and nNOS) and immunohistochemistry for neuronal specific protein (NeuN), doublecortin (DCX), capillary (CD31) and neurofilaments (NF200). Results demonstrate the stimulatory capacity of (-)-Epi and (+)-Epi on markers of neuronal proliferation as per increases in immunoreactive cells for NeuN (74 and 120% respectively), DCX (70 and 124%) as well as in NGF (34.4, 63.6%) and MAP2 (41.8, 63.8%). Capillary density yielded significant increases with (-)-Epi (∼80%) vs. (+)-Epi (∼160%). CD31 protein levels increased with (-)-Epi (∼70%) and (+)-Epi (∼140%). Effects correlated with nitrate/nitrite stimulation by (-)-Epi and (+)-Epi (110.2, 246.5%) and enhanced eNOS phosphorylation (Ser1177) with (-)-Epi and (+)-Epi (21.4, 41.2%) while nNOS phosphorylation only increased with (+)-Epi (18%). Neurofilament staining was increased in (-)-Epi by 135.6 and 84% with (+)-Epi. NF200 increased with (-)-Epi (116%) vs. (+)-Epi (84.5%). Frontal cortex-dependent short-term spatial working improved with (-)-Epi and (+)-Epi (15, 13%). In conclusion, results suggest that both enantiomers, but more effectively (+)-Epi, upregulate neurogenesis markers likely through stimulation of capillary formation and NO triggering, improvements in memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viridiana Navarrete-Yañez
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Garate-Carrillo
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico D.F., Mexico. and School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marcos Ayala
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Castañeda
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
| | - Patricia Mendoza-Lorenzo
- Division Academica de Ciencias Basicas, Unidad Chontalpa, Universidad Juarez, Autonoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Ceballos
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
| | - Rosa Ordoñez-Razo
- Unidad de Investigación en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico D.F., Mexico
| | | | | | - Francisco Villarreal
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA and VA San Diego Health Care System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Israel Ramirez-Sanchez
- Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
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Timing behavior in genetic murine models of neurological and psychiatric diseases. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:699-717. [PMID: 33404792 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-06021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
How timing behavior is altered in different neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders is a contemporary research question. Genetic murine models (GMM) that offer high construct validity also serve as useful tools to investigate this question. But the literature on timing behavior of different GMMs largely remains to be consolidated. The current paper addresses this gap by reviewing studies that have been conducted with GMMs of neurodevelopmental (e.g. ADHD, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder), neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease) as well as circadian and other mutant lines. The review focuses on those studies that specifically utilized the peak interval procedure to improve the comparability of findings both within and between different disease models. The reviewed studies revealed timing deficits that are characteristic of different disorders. Specifically, Huntington's disease models had weaker temporal control over the termination of their anticipatory responses, Alzheimer's disease models had earlier timed responses, schizophrenia models had weaker temporal control, circadian mutants had shifted timed responses consistent with shifts in the circadian periods. The differences in timing behavior were less consistent for other conditions such as attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and mutations related to intellectual disability. We discuss the implications of these findings for the neural basis of an internal stopwatch. Finally, we make methodological recommendations for future research for improving the comparability of the timing behavior across different murine models.
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Rizzolo L, Leger M, Corvaisier S, Groussard M, Platel H, Bouet V, Schumann-Bard P, Freret T. Long-Term Music Exposure Prevents Age-Related Cognitive Deficits in Rats Independently of Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:620-634. [PMID: 32959057 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline appears across aging. While some studies report beneficial effects of musical listening and practice on cognitive aging, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unknown. This study aims to determine whether chronic (6 h/day, 3 times/week) and long-lasting (4-8 months) music exposure, initiated at middle age in rats (15 months old), can influence behavioral parameters sensitive to age effects and reduce age-related spatial memory decline in rats. Spontaneous locomotor, circadian rhythmic activity, and anxiety-like behavior as well as spatial working and reference memory were assessed in 14-month-old rats and then after 4 and 8 months of music exposure (19 and 23 months old, respectively). Spatial learning and reference memory data were followed up by considering cognitive status of animals prior to music exposure (14 months old) given by K-means clustering of individual Z-score. Hippocampal cell proliferation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level in the hippocampus and frontal cortex were measured. Results show that music exposure differentially rescues age-related deficits in spatial navigation tasks according to its duration without affecting spontaneous locomotor, circadian rhythmic activity, and anxiety-like behavior. Hippocampal cell proliferation as well as hippocampal and frontal cortex BDNF levels was not affected by music across aging. Cognitive improvement by music in aging rats may require distinct neurobiological mechanisms than hippocampal cell proliferation and BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lou Rizzolo
- Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Marianne Leger
- Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Sophie Corvaisier
- Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Mathilde Groussard
- Normandie University, Unicaen, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM U1077, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
- PSL Research University, EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Platel
- Normandie University, Unicaen, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM U1077, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
- PSL Research University, EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Valentine Bouet
- Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Pascale Schumann-Bard
- Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Thomas Freret
- Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
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20
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Jogamoto T, Utsunomiya R, Sato A, Kihara N, Choudhury ME, Miyanishi K, Kubo M, Nagai M, Nomoto M, Yano H, Shimizu YI, Fukuda M, Ishii E, Eguchi M, Tanaka J. Lister hooded rats as a novel animal model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neurochem Int 2020; 141:104857. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Meftahi GH, Moafi M, Mirbehbahani SH, Fotouhi F, Toreyhi H, Ezi S, Aghajanpour F, Forouzannia A, Boroujeni ME, Peirouvi T, Abbaszadeh HA, Aliaghaei A. Chronic administration of methylphenidate did not affect memory and GDNF levels but increase astrogliosis in adult male rat’s hippocampus. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 108:101818. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Wolff BS, Raheem SA, Alshawi SA, Regan JM, Feng LR, Saligan LN. Induction of fatigue-like behavior by pelvic irradiation of male mice alters cognitive behaviors and BDNF expression. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235566. [PMID: 32614931 PMCID: PMC7332074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatigue and cognitive deficits are often co-occurring symptoms reported by patients after radiation therapy for prostate cancer. In this study, we induced fatigue-like behavior in mice using targeted pelvic irradiation to mimic the clinical treatment regimen and assess cognitive behavioral changes. We observed that pelvic irradiation produced a robust fatigue phenotype, a reduced rate of spontaneous alternation in a Y-maze test, and no behavioral change in an open field test. We found that reversal learning for fatigued mice was slower with respect to time, but not with respect to effort put into the test, suggesting that fatigue may impact the ability or motivation to work at a cognitive task without impairing cognitive capabilities. In addition, we found that mice undergoing pelvic irradiation show lower whole-brain levels of mature BDNF, and that whole-brain proBDNF levels also correlate with spontaneous alternation in a Y-maze test. These results suggest that changes in BDNF levels could be both a cause and an effect of fatigue-related changes in behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S. Wolff
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sumiyya A. Raheem
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sarah A. Alshawi
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeniece M. Regan
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Li Rebekah Feng
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Leorey N. Saligan
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Kurzina NP, Aristova IY, Volnova AB, Gainetdinov RR. Deficit in working memory and abnormal behavioral tactics in dopamine transporter knockout rats during training in the 8-arm maze. Behav Brain Res 2020; 390:112642. [PMID: 32428629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the role of the dopamine system in learning and memory processes is very important for uncovering central mechanisms underlying complex behavioral responses that can be impaired in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders caused by dopamine system dysfunction. One of the most useful animal models for dopaminergic dysregulation is the strain of dopamine transporter knockout (DAT-KO) rats that have no dopamine re-uptake and thus elevated extracellular dopamine levels. It is known that dopamine is involved in various cognitive processes such as learning, memory and attention. This investigation was focused on the ability of DAT-KO rats to learn and perform a behavioral task in the 8-arm radial maze test. It was found that DAT-KO rats are able to learn the behavioral task, but the level of task performance did not reach that of WT group. The behavioral tactics used by animals during training significantly differ in mutants. The behavioral tactics used by DAT-KO rats involved perseverations and resulted in worse task fulfillment in comparison to wild-type controls. The data obtained indicate that deficient dopamine reuptake results in an impairment of working memory and perseverative behavioral tactics in DAT-KO rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Kurzina
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - I Y Aristova
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - A B Volnova
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - R R Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Saint Petersburg State University Hospital, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Bouchatta O, Manouze H, Ba-M'Hamed S, Landry M, Bennis M. Neonatal 6-OHDA Lesion Model in Mouse Induces Cognitive Dysfunctions of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) During Young Age. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:27. [PMID: 32174817 PMCID: PMC7054716 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a syndrome characterized by impaired attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity in children. These symptoms are often maintained in adults. During adolescence, prefrontal cortex develops connectivity with other brain regions to engage executive functions such as, latent inhibition, attention and inhibitory control. In our previous work, we demonstrated the validity of the neonatal 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) mouse model, a classical neurodevelopmental model mimicking major symptoms of the human ADHD pathology. In order to evaluate pathological forms of executive functions and impulsive behavior in 6-OHDA mice during young age, we first tested latent inhibition (LI) after weaning, and then we evaluated the impulsive behavior using a cliff avoidance reaction test. Our results demonstrated that 6-OHDA mice showed disruption in latent inhibition, suggesting a deficit in selective attention, and displayed repetitive peering-down behavior, indicating a maladaptive impulsive behavior. Subsequently, to assess impulsivity and attention in young mice, we performed a modified 5-choice serial reaction time task test (5-CSRTT), optimizing the degree of food restriction for young animals and shortening the training duration. This test allowed us to demonstrate a deficit in inhibitory control and a loss of accuracy of 6-OHDA mice in the 5-CSRTT. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the 6-OHDA mouse model reproduces human symptoms of ADHD in childhood and early adulthood periods, as seen in human. Taken together, the 6-OHDA mouse model will be useful alongside other animal models to understand the neurobiological mechanisms underlying complex, heterogeneous neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otmane Bouchatta
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior, Faculty of Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.,University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS UMR 5297, Centre Paul Broca-Nouvelle Aquitaine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Houria Manouze
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior, Faculty of Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Saadia Ba-M'Hamed
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior, Faculty of Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Marc Landry
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS UMR 5297, Centre Paul Broca-Nouvelle Aquitaine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mohamed Bennis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior, Faculty of Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
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25
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Gene knockout animal models of depression, anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorders. Psychiatr Genet 2019; 29:191-199. [DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Tanaka M, Ogaeri T, Samsonov M, Sokabe M. Nestorone exerts long-term neuroprotective effects against transient focal cerebral ischemia in adult male rats. Brain Res 2019; 1719:288-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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No effect of sex on ethanol intake and preference after dopamine transporter (DAT) knockdown in adult mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:1349-1365. [PMID: 30539268 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dopamine levels are controlled in part by transport across the cell membrane by the dopamine transporter (DAT), and recent evidence showed that a polymorphism in the gene encoding DAT is associated with alcoholism. However, research in animal models using DAT knockout mice has yielded conflicting results. OBJECTIVES The present study was planned to evaluate the effects of DAT knockdown in the nucleus accumbens (Nacc) on voluntary ethanol consumption and preference in male and female C57BL/6J mice. METHODS For this purpose, animals were stereotaxically injected with DAT siRNA-expressing lentiviral vectors in the Nacc, and using a voluntary, continuous access two-bottle choice model of alcohol, we investigated the importance of accumbal DAT expression in voluntary alcohol intake and preference. We also investigated the effects of DAT knockdown on saccharin and quinine consumption and ethanol metabolism. RESULTS We show that females consumed more alcohol than males. Interestingly, DAT knockdown in the Nacc significantly decreased alcohol intake and preference in both groups, but no significant sex by group interaction was observed. Also, DAT knockdown did not alter total fluid consumption, saccharin or quinine consumption, or blood ethanol concentrations. Using Pearson correlation, results indicated a strong positive relationship between DAT mRNA expression and ethanol consumption and preference. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data provide further evidence that DAT plays an important role in controlling ethanol intake and that accumbal DAT contributes in the modulation of the reinforcing effects of ethanol. Overall, the results suggest that DAT inhibitors may be valuable in the pharmacotherapy of alcoholism.
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Prieur EAK, Jadavji NM. Assessing Spatial Working Memory Using the Spontaneous Alternation Y-maze Test in Aged Male Mice. Bio Protoc 2019; 9:e3162. [PMID: 33654968 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The global population is aging and the prevalence of age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia is increasing. Understanding functional impairments and disease processes is of vital importance in order to develop effective therapeutics. Using the natural exploratory behavior of mice, the spontaneous alternation y-maze can assess short-term spatial working memory. The protocol for y-maze testing is straightforward and requires minimal resources, as well as animal training and output. Therefore, it can be broadly applied to study short-term memory in aged rodent models.
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Klaus K, Pennington K. Dopamine and Working Memory: Genetic Variation, Stress and Implications for Mental Health. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2019; 41:369-391. [PMID: 31502081 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2019_113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
At the molecular level, the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) is a key regulatory component of executive function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and dysfunction in dopaminergic (DAergic) circuitry has been shown to result in impaired working memory (WM). Research has identified multiple common genetic variants suggested to impact on the DA system functionally and also behaviourally to alter WM task performance. In addition, environmental stressors impact on DAergic tone, and this may be one mechanism by which stressors confer vulnerability to the development of neuropsychiatric conditions. This chapter aims to evaluate the impact of key DAergic gene variants suggested to impact on both synaptic DA levels (COMT, DAT1, DBH, MAOA) and DA receptor function (ANKK1, DRD2, DRD4) in terms of their influence on visuospatial WM. The role of stressors and interaction with the genetic background is discussed in addition to discussion around some of the implications for precision psychiatry. This and future work in this area aim to disentangle the neural mechanisms underlying susceptibility to stress and their impact and relationship with cognitive processes known to influence mental health vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Klaus
- MRC Brain and Cognition Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Neonatal 6-OHDA lesion model in mouse induces Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-like behaviour. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15349. [PMID: 30337626 PMCID: PMC6193955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33778-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. The "neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine" (6-OHDA) lesion is a commonly used model of ADHD in rat. However, a comprehensive assessment of ADHD-like symptoms is still missing, and data in mouse remain largely unavailable. Our aim was to analyse symptoms of ADHD in the mouse neonatal 6-OHDA model. 6-OHDA mice exhibited the major ADHD-like symptoms, i.e. hyperactivity (open field), attention deficit and impulsivity (five-choice serial reaction time task). Further, the model revealed discrete co-existing symptoms, i.e. anxiety-like (elevated plus maze test) and antisocial (social interaction) behaviours and decreased cognitive functioning (novel object recognition). The efficacy of methylphenidate, a classical psychostimulant used in the treatment of ADHD, was also evaluated. A histological analysis further supports the model validity by indicating dopamine depletion, changes in cortical thickness and abnormalities in anterior cingulate cortex neurons. A principal component analysis of the behaviour profile confirms that the 6-OHDA mouse model displayed good face and predictive validity. We conclude that neonatal dopamine depletion results in behavioural and morphological changes similar to those seen in patients and therefore could be used as a model for studying ADHD pathophysiological mechanisms and identifying therapeutic targets.
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31
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Salatino-Oliveira A, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. The dopamine transporter role in psychiatric phenotypes. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2018; 177:211-231. [PMID: 28766921 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) is one of the most relevant and investigated neurotransmitter transporters. DAT is a plasma membrane protein which plays a homeostatic role, controlling both extracellular and intracellular concentrations of dopamine (DA). Since unbalanced DA levels are known to be involved in numerous mental disorders, a wealth of investigations has provided valuable insights concerning DAT role into normal brain functioning and pathological processes. Briefly, this extensive but non-systematic review discusses what is recently known about the role of SLC6A3 gene which encodes the dopamine transporter in psychiatric phenotypes. DAT protein, SLC6A3 gene, animal models, neuropsychology, and neuroimaging investigations are also concisely discussed. To conclude, current challenges are reviewed in order to provide perspectives for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis A Rohde
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Institute for Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mara H Hutz
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Cinque S, Zoratto F, Poleggi A, Leo D, Cerniglia L, Cimino S, Tambelli R, Alleva E, Gainetdinov RR, Laviola G, Adriani W. Behavioral Phenotyping of Dopamine Transporter Knockout Rats: Compulsive Traits, Motor Stereotypies, and Anhedonia. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:43. [PMID: 29520239 PMCID: PMC5826953 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in dopamine neurotransmission are generally associated with diseases such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Such diseases typically feature poor decision making and lack of control on executive functions and have been studied through the years using many animal models. Dopamine transporter (DAT) knockout (KO) and heterozygous (HET) mice, in particular, have been widely used to study ADHD. Recently, a strain of DAT KO rats has been developed (1). Here, we provide a phenotypic characterization of reward sensitivity and compulsive choice by adult rats born from DAT-HET dams bred with DAT-HET males, in order to further validate DAT KO rats as an animal model for preclinical research. We first tested DAT KO rats' sensitivity to rewarding stimuli, provided by highly appetitive food or sweet water; then, we tested their choice behavior with an Intolerance-to-Delay Task (IDT). During these tests, DAT KO rats appeared less sensitive to rewarding stimuli than wild-type (WT) and HET rats: they also showed a prominent hyperactive behavior with a rigid choice pattern and a wide number of compulsive stereotypies. Moreover, during the IDT, we tested the effects of amphetamine (AMPH) and RO-5203648, a trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) partial agonist. AMPH accentuated impulsive behaviors in WT and HET rats, while it had no effect in DAT KO rats. Finally, we measured the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine receptor 2 (D2), serotonin transporter, and TAAR1 mRNA transcripts in samples of ventral striatum, finding no significant differences between WT and KO genotypes. Throughout this study, DAT KO rats showed alterations in decision-making processes and in motivational states, as well as prominent motor and oral stereotypies: more studies are warranted to fully characterize and efficiently use them in preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cinque
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Zoratto
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Poleggi
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Damiana Leo
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Alleva
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Giovanni Laviola
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Adriani
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
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33
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Chang PK, Yu L, Chen JC. Dopamine D3 receptor blockade rescues hyper-dopamine activity-induced deficit in novel object recognition memory. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:216-223. [PMID: 29407766 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Patients afflicted with bipolar disorder demonstrate significant impairments in recognition and episodic memory during acute depressive and manic episodes. These impairments and the related pathophysiology may result from over-activation of the brain dopamine (DA) system. In order to model overactive DA transmission in a well-established novel object recognition (NOR) memory test, we used DA transporter knockdown (DAT-KD) mice, which exhibit reduced DAT expression and display hyper-dopaminergic phenotypes. DAT-KD mice exhibited impaired NOR memory compared to wild-type (WT) mice. This impairment was prevented by administration of FAUC365, a DA D3 receptor (D3R) selective antagonist, prior to object learning. Similarly, D3R knockout (KO)/DAT-KD double mutant mice displayed performance in the NOR test that was comparable to WT mice, suggesting that deficiencies in NOR performance in DAT-KD mice can be compensated by diminishing D3R signaling. GBR12909, a DAT blocker, also impaired NOR performance in WT mice, but not in D3R KO mice. Impaired NOR performance in GBR12909-treated WT mice was also prevented by pretreatment with FAUC365. Together, these findings indicate that reduced DAT activity can impair recognition memory in the NOR test, and D3R appears to be necessary to mediate this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi-Kai Chang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Healthy Ageing Reserch Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Lung Yu
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jin-Chung Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Healthy Ageing Reserch Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC; Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan, ROC.
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34
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Cantone M, Bramanti A, Lanza G, Pennisi M, Bramanti P, Pennisi G, Bella R. Cortical Plasticity in Depression. ASN Neuro 2017. [PMID: 28629225 DOI: 10.1177/1759091417711512.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural plasticity is considered the neurophysiological correlate of learning and memory, although several studies have also noted that it plays crucial roles in a number of neurological and psychiatric diseases. Indeed, impaired brain plasticity may be one of the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlies both cognitive decline and major depression. Moreover, a degree of cognitive impairment is frequently observed throughout the clinical spectrum of mood disorders, and the relationship between depression and cognition is often bidirectional. However, most evidence for dysfunctional neural plasticity in depression has been indirect. Transcranial magnetic stimulation has emerged as a noninvasive tool for investigating several parameters of cortical excitability with the aim of exploring the functions of different neurotransmission pathways and for probing in vivo plasticity in both healthy humans and those with pathological conditions. In particular, depressed patients exhibit a significant interhemispheric difference in motor cortex excitability, an imbalanced inhibitory or excitatory intracortical neurochemical circuitry, reduced postexercise facilitation, and an impaired long-term potentiation-like response to paired-associative transcranial magnetic stimulation, and these symptoms may indicate disrupted plasticity. Research aimed at disentangling the mechanism by which neuroplasticity plays a role in the pathological processes that lead to depression and evaluating the effects of modulating neuroplasticity are needed for the field to facilitate more powerful translational research studies and identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagiovanna Cantone
- 1 Department of Neurology IC, IRCCS " Oasi" Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Lanza
- 1 Department of Neurology IC, IRCCS " Oasi" Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Italy
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- 3 Spinal Unit, Emergency Hospital Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Pennisi
- 4 Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Bella
- 5 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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35
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Custódio CS, Mello BSF, Filho AJMC, de Carvalho Lima CN, Cordeiro RC, Miyajima F, Réus GZ, Vasconcelos SMM, Barichello T, Quevedo J, de Oliveira AC, de Lucena DF, Macedo DS. Neonatal Immune Challenge with Lipopolysaccharide Triggers Long-lasting Sex- and Age-related Behavioral and Immune/Neurotrophic Alterations in Mice: Relevance to Autism Spectrum Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3775-3788. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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de la Peña JB, Dela Peña IJ, Custodio RJ, Botanas CJ, Kim HJ, Cheong JH. Exploring the Validity of Proposed Transgenic Animal Models of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3739-3754. [PMID: 28534274 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, behavioral, and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. Symptoms of this disorder are managed by treatment with methylphenidate, amphetamine, and/or atomoxetine. The cause of ADHD is unknown, but substantial evidence indicates that this disorder has a significant genetic component. Transgenic animals have become an essential tool in uncovering the genetic factors underlying ADHD. Although they cannot accurately reflect the human condition, they can provide insights into the disorder that cannot be obtained from human studies due to various limitations. An ideal animal model of ADHD must have face (similarity in symptoms), predictive (similarity in response to treatment or medications), and construct (similarity in etiology or underlying pathophysiological mechanism) validity. As the exact etiology of ADHD remains unclear, the construct validity of animal models of ADHD would always be limited. The proposed transgenic animal models of ADHD have substantially increased and diversified over the years. In this paper, we compiled and explored the validity of proposed transgenic animal models of ADHD. Each of the reviewed transgenic animal models has strengths and limitations. Some fulfill most of the validity criteria of an animal model of ADHD and have been extensively used, while there are others that require further validation. Nevertheless, these transgenic animal models of ADHD have provided and will continue to provide valuable insights into the genetic underpinnings of this complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Bryan de la Peña
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Irene Joy Dela Peña
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Raly James Custodio
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Chrislean Jun Botanas
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Cantone M, Bramanti A, Lanza G, Pennisi M, Bramanti P, Pennisi G, Bella R. Cortical Plasticity in Depression. ASN Neuro 2017; 9:1759091417711512. [PMID: 28629225 PMCID: PMC5480639 DOI: 10.1177/1759091417711512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural plasticity is considered the neurophysiological correlate of learning and memory, although several studies have also noted that it plays crucial roles in a number of neurological and psychiatric diseases. Indeed, impaired brain plasticity may be one of the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlies both cognitive decline and major depression. Moreover, a degree of cognitive impairment is frequently observed throughout the clinical spectrum of mood disorders, and the relationship between depression and cognition is often bidirectional. However, most evidence for dysfunctional neural plasticity in depression has been indirect. Transcranial magnetic stimulation has emerged as a noninvasive tool for investigating several parameters of cortical excitability with the aim of exploring the functions of different neurotransmission pathways and for probing in vivo plasticity in both healthy humans and those with pathological conditions. In particular, depressed patients exhibit a significant interhemispheric difference in motor cortex excitability, an imbalanced inhibitory or excitatory intracortical neurochemical circuitry, reduced postexercise facilitation, and an impaired long-term potentiation-like response to paired-associative transcranial magnetic stimulation, and these symptoms may indicate disrupted plasticity. Research aimed at disentangling the mechanism by which neuroplasticity plays a role in the pathological processes that lead to depression and evaluating the effects of modulating neuroplasticity are needed for the field to facilitate more powerful translational research studies and identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagiovanna Cantone
- Department of Neurology IC, IRCCS “Oasi” Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Department of Neurology IC, IRCCS “Oasi” Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Pennisi
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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38
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Shapiro LP, Parsons RG, Koleske AJ, Gourley SL. Differential expression of cytoskeletal regulatory factors in the adolescent prefrontal cortex: Implications for cortical development. J Neurosci Res 2017; 95:1123-1143. [PMID: 27735056 PMCID: PMC5352542 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and drug and alcohol use disorders peaks during adolescence. Further, up to 50% of "adult" mental health disorders emerge in adolescence. During adolescence, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) undergoes dramatic structural reorganization, in which dendritic spines and synapses are refined, pruned, and stabilized. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie these processes should help to identify factors that influence the development of psychiatric illness. Here we briefly discuss the anatomical connections of the medial and orbital prefrontal cortex (mPFC and OFC, respectively). We then present original findings suggesting that dendritic spines on deep-layer excitatory neurons in the mouse mPFC and OFC prune at different adolescent ages, with later pruning in the OFC. In parallel, we used Western blotting to define levels of several cytoskeletal regulatory proteins during early, mid-, and late adolescence, focusing on tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TrkB) and β1-integrin-containing receptors and select signaling partners. We identified regional differences in the levels of several proteins in early and midadolescence that then converged in early adulthood. We also observed age-related differences in TrkB levels, both full-length and truncated isoforms, Rho-kinase 2, and synaptophysin in both PFC subregions. Finally, we identified changes in protein levels in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus that were distinct from those in the PFC. We conclude with a general review of the manner in which TrkB- and β1-integrin-mediated signaling influences neuronal structure in the postnatal brain. Elucidating the role of cytoskeletal regulatory factors throughout adolescence may identify critical mechanisms of PFC development. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren P Shapiro
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ryan G Parsons
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Institute, Graduate Program in Integrative Neuroscience, Program in Neuroscience, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Anthony J Koleske
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Department of Neurobiology, Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shannon L Gourley
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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39
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Kacprzak V, Patel NA, Riley E, Yu L, Yeh JRJ, Zhdanova IV. Dopaminergic control of anxiety in young and aged zebrafish. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 157:1-8. [PMID: 28408289 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the expression of the dopamine transporter (DAT), or the sensitivity of dopamine receptors, are associated with aging and substance abuse and may underlie some of the symptoms common to both conditions. In this study, we explored the role of the dopaminergic system in the anxiogenic effects of aging and acute cocaine exposure by comparing the behavioral phenotypes of wild type (WT) and DAT knockout zebrafish (DAT-KO) of different ages. To determine the involvement of specific dopamine receptors in anxiety states, antagonists to D1 (SCH23390) and D2/D3 (sulpiride) were employed. We established that DAT-KO results in a chronic anxiety-like state, seen as an increase in bottom-dwelling and thigmotaxis. Similar effects were produced by aging and acute cocaine administration, both leading to reduction in DAT mRNA abundance (qPCR). Inhibition of D1 activity counteracted the anxiety-like effects associated with DAT deficit, independent of its origin. Inhibition of D2/D3 receptors reduced anxiety in young DAT-KO, and enhanced the anxiogenic effects of cocaine in WT, but did not affect aged WT or DAT-KO fish. These findings provide new evidence that the dopaminergic system plays a critical role in anxiety-like states, and suggest that adult zebrafish provide a sensitive diurnal vertebrate model for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of anxiety and a platform for anxiolytic drug screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Kacprzak
- Boston University School of Medicine, Lab of Sleep and Circadian Physiology, R-911, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, United States.
| | - Neil A Patel
- Boston University School of Medicine, Lab of Sleep and Circadian Physiology, R-911, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, United States.
| | - Elizabeth Riley
- Boston University School of Medicine, Lab of Sleep and Circadian Physiology, R-911, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, United States.
| | - Lili Yu
- Boston University School of Medicine, Lab of Sleep and Circadian Physiology, R-911, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, United States.
| | - Jing-Ruey J Yeh
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiovascular Research Center, 149 13th St., 4.217, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
| | - Irina V Zhdanova
- Boston University School of Medicine, Lab of Sleep and Circadian Physiology, R-911, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, United States.
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Amodeo DA, Grospe G, Zang H, Dwivedi Y, Ragozzino ME. Cognitive flexibility impairment and reduced frontal cortex BDNF expression in the ouabain model of mania. Neuroscience 2017; 345:229-242. [PMID: 27267245 PMCID: PMC5136525 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Central infusion of the Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, ouabain in rats serves as an animal model of mania because it leads to hyperactivity, as well as reproduces ion dysregulation and reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels similar to that observed in bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is also associated with cognitive inflexibility and working memory deficits. It is unknown whether ouabain treatment in rats leads to similar cognitive flexibility and working memory deficits. The present study examined the effects of an intracerebral ventricular infusion of ouabain in rats on spontaneous alternation, probabilistic reversal learning and BDNF expression levels in the frontal cortex. Ouabain treatment significantly increased locomotor activity, but did not affect alternation performance in a Y-maze. Ouabain treatment selectively impaired reversal learning in a spatial discrimination task using an 80/20 probabilistic reinforcement procedure. The reversal learning deficit in ouabain-treated rats resulted from an impaired ability to maintain a new choice pattern (increased regressive errors). Ouabain treatment also decreased sensitivity to negative feedback during the initial phase of reversal learning. Expression of BDNF mRNA and protein levels was downregulated in the frontal cortex which also negatively correlated with regressive errors. These findings suggest that the ouabain model of mania may be useful in understanding the neuropathophysiology that contributes to cognitive flexibility deficits and test potential treatments to alleviate cognitive deficits in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionisio A Amodeo
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States
| | - Gena Grospe
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States
| | - Hui Zang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, United States
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35209, United States
| | - Michael E Ragozzino
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States.
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Vengeliene V, Bespalov A, Roßmanith M, Horschitz S, Berger S, Relo AL, Noori HR, Schneider P, Enkel T, Bartsch D, Schneider M, Behl B, Hansson AC, Schloss P, Spanagel R. Towards trans-diagnostic mechanisms in psychiatry: neurobehavioral profile of rats with a loss-of-function point mutation in the dopamine transporter gene. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:451-461. [PMID: 28167616 PMCID: PMC5399565 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.027623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The research domain criteria (RDoC) matrix has been developed to reorient psychiatric research towards measurable behavioral dimensions and underlying mechanisms. Here, we used a new genetic rat model with a loss-of-function point mutation in the dopamine transporter (DAT) gene (Slc6a3_N157K) to systematically study the RDoC matrix. First, we examined the impact of the Slc6a3_N157K mutation on monoaminergic signaling. We then performed behavioral tests representing each of the five RDoC domains: negative and positive valence systems, cognitive, social and arousal/regulatory systems. The use of RDoC may be particularly helpful for drug development. We studied the effects of a novel pharmacological approach metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR2/3 antagonism, in DAT mutants in a comparative way with standard medications. Loss of DAT functionality in mutant rats not only elevated subcortical extracellular dopamine concentration but also altered the balance of monoaminergic transmission. DAT mutant rats showed deficits in all five RDoC domains. Thus, mutant rats failed to show conditioned fear responses, were anhedonic, were unable to learn stimulus-reward associations, showed impaired cognition and social behavior, and were hyperactive. Hyperactivity in mutant rats was reduced by amphetamine and atomoxetine, which are well-established medications to reduce hyperactivity in humans. The mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 also normalized hyperactivity in DAT mutant rats without affecting extracellular dopamine levels. We systematically characterized an altered dopamine system within the context of the RDoC matrix and studied mGluR2/3 antagonism as a new pharmacological strategy to treat mental disorders with underlying subcortical dopaminergic hyperactivity. Summary: The first systematic RDoc study of a disease mechanism proposes dopamine transporter DAT mutant rats as a model for drug development, targeting a hyperdopaminergic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vengeliene
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anton Bespalov
- Department of Neuroscience Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Martin Roßmanith
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sandra Horschitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Berger
- Department of Molecular Biology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ana L Relo
- Department of Neuroscience Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Hamid R Noori
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peggy Schneider
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Enkel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dusan Bartsch
- Department of Molecular Biology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Miriam Schneider
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Berthold Behl
- Department of Neuroscience Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Anita C Hansson
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Schloss
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rainer Spanagel
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
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da Silva Araújo T, Maia Chaves Filho AJ, Monte AS, Isabelle de Góis Queiroz A, Cordeiro RC, de Jesus Souza Machado M, de Freitas Lima R, Freitas de Lucena D, Maes M, Macêdo D. Reversal of schizophrenia-like symptoms and immune alterations in mice by immunomodulatory drugs. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 84:49-58. [PMID: 27697587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Immune dysregulation observed in schizophrenia alters tryptophan metabolism. Tryptophan metabolism is triggered by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). Tryptophan is converted to quinolinic acid, a potent neurotoxin, and to kynurenic acid, an NMDA antagonist. 1-Methyl-D-tryptophan (MDT) inhibits IDO. Melatonin is metabolized by IDO while inhibiting TDO. We evaluated the reversal of ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like behavioral and neurochemical alterations in mice by the administration of MDT (20 or 40 mg/kg, i.p.) or melatonin (15 mg/kg, per os). Oxidative stress and inflammatory alterations, i.e. myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-6 were measured in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus and striatum. Risperidone was used as standard antipsychotic. Ketamine triggered positive- (PPI deficits and hyperlocomotion), cognitive- (working memory deficits) and negative (social interaction deficits) schizophrenia-like symptoms. These symptoms were accompanied by increased MPO activity, decreased GSH and increased LPO in all brain areas and increments in hippocampal IL-4 and IL-6. MDT and melatonin reversed all ketamine-induced behavioral alterations. Risperidone did not reverse working memory deficits. MDT and melatonin reversed alterations in MPO activity and GSH levels. LP was reversed only by melatonin and risperidone. Risperidone could not reverse MPO alterations in the PFC and striatum. All drugs reversed the alterations in IL-4 and IL-6. The hippocampus and striatum of ketamine+melatonin-treated animals had lower levels of IL-6. Our findings provide further preclinical evidence that immune-inflammatory and oxidative pathways are involved in schizophrenia and that targeting these pathways is a valid treatment option in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane da Silva Araújo
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Adriano Jose Maia Chaves Filho
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Aline Santos Monte
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana Isabelle de Góis Queiroz
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Carneiro Cordeiro
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Michel de Jesus Souza Machado
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Freitas Lima
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - David Freitas de Lucena
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- Impact Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Danielle Macêdo
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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BDNF concentrations and daily fluctuations differ among ADHD children and respond differently to methylphenidate with no relationship with depressive symptomatology. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:267-279. [PMID: 27807606 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) enhances the growth and maintenance of several monoamine neuronal systems, serves as a neurotransmitter modulator and participates in the mechanisms of neuronal plasticity. Therefore, BDNF is a good candidate for interventions in the pathogenesis and/or treatment response of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). OBJECTIVE We quantified the basal concentration and daily fluctuation of serum BDNF, as well as changes after methylphenidate treatment. METHOD A total of 148 children, 4-5 years old, were classified into groups as follows: ADHD group (n = 107, DSM-IV-TR criteria) and a control group (CG, n = 41). Blood samples were drawn at 2000 and 0900 hours from both groups, and after 4.63 ± 2.3 months of treatment, blood was drawn only from the ADHD group for BDNF measurements. Factorial analysis was performed (Stata software, version 12.0). RESULTS Morning BDNF (36.36 ± 11.62 ng/ml) in the CG was very similar to that in the predominantly inattentive children (PAD), although the evening concentration in the CG was higher (CG 31.78 ± 11.92 vs PAD 26.41 ± 11.55 ng/ml). The hyperactive-impulsive group, including patients with comorbid conduct disorder (PHI/CD), had lower concentrations. Methylphenidate (MPH) did not modify the concentration or the absence of daily BDNF fluctuations in the PHI/CD children; however, MPH induced a significant decrease in BDNF in PAD and basal day/night fluctuations disappeared in this ADHD subtype. This profile was not altered by the presence of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our data support a reduction in BDNF in untreated ADHD due to the lower concentrations in PHI/CD children, which is similar to other psychopathologic and cognitive disorders. MPH decreased BDNF only in the PAD group, which might indicate that BDNF is not directly implicated in the methylphenidate-induced amelioration of the neuropsychological and organic immaturity of ADHD patients.
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Research Domain Criteria versus DSM V: How does this debate affect attempts to model corticostriatal dysfunction in animals? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 76:301-316. [PMID: 27826070 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
For decades, the nosology of mental illness has been based largely upon the descriptions in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM). A recent challenge to the DSM approach to psychiatric nosology from the National Institute on Mental Health (USA) defines Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) as an alternative. For RDoC, psychiatric illnesses are not defined as discrete categories, but instead as specific behavioral dysfunctions irrespective of DSM diagnostic categories. This approach was driven by two primary weaknesses noted in the DSM: (1) the same symptoms occur in very different disease states; and (2) DSM criteria lack grounding in the underlying biological causes of mental illness. RDoC intends to ground psychiatric nosology in those underlying mechanisms. This review addresses the suitability of RDoC vs. DSM from the view of modeling mental illness in animals. A consideration of all types of psychiatric dysfunction is beyond the scope of this review, which will focus on models of conditions associated with frontostriatal dysfunction.
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Chen W, Chen C, Xia M, Wu K, Chen C, He Q, Xue G, Wang W, He Y, Dong Q. Interaction Effects of BDNF and COMT Genes on Resting-State Brain Activity and Working Memory. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:540. [PMID: 27853425 PMCID: PMC5091010 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genes have been found to interactively influence working memory (WM) as well as brain activation during WM tasks. However, whether the two genes have interactive effects on resting-state activities of the brain and whether these spontaneous activations correlate with WM are still unknown. This study included behavioral data from WM tasks and genetic data (COMT rs4680 and BDNF Val66Met) from 417 healthy Chinese adults and resting-state fMRI data from 298 of them. Significant interactive effects of BDNF and COMT were found for WM performance as well as for resting-state regional homogeneity (ReHo) in WM-related brain areas, including the left medial frontal gyrus (lMeFG), left superior frontal gyrus (lSFG), right superior and medial frontal gyrus (rSMFG), right medial orbitofrontal gyrus (rMOFG), right middle frontal gyrus (rMFG), precuneus, bilateral superior temporal gyrus, left superior occipital gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus, and right inferior parietal lobule. Simple effects analyses showed that compared to other genotypes, subjects with COMT-VV/BDNF-VV had higher WM and lower ReHo in all five frontal brain areas. The results supported the hypothesis that COMT and BDNF polymorphisms influence WM performance and spontaneous brain activity (i.e., ReHo).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Chunhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Mingrui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Karen Wu
- Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA, USA
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA, USA
| | - Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Gui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
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Jasińska KK, Molfese PJ, Kornilov SA, Mencl WE, Frost SJ, Lee M, Pugh KR, Grigorenko EL, Landi N. The BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism Influences Reading Ability and Patterns of Neural Activation in Children. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157449. [PMID: 27551971 PMCID: PMC4995017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how genes impact the brain’s functional activation for learning and cognition during development remains limited. We asked whether a common genetic variant in the BDNF gene (the Val66Met polymorphism) modulates neural activation in the young brain during a critical period for the emergence and maturation of the neural circuitry for reading. In animal models, the bdnf variation has been shown to be associated with the structure and function of the developing brain and in humans it has been associated with multiple aspects of cognition, particularly memory, which are relevant for the development of skilled reading. Yet, little is known about the impact of the Val66Met polymorphism on functional brain activation in development, either in animal models or in humans. Here, we examined whether the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism (dbSNP rs6265) is associated with children’s (age 6–10) neural activation patterns during a reading task (n = 81) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), genotyping, and standardized behavioral assessments of cognitive and reading development. Children homozygous for the Val allele at the SNP rs6265 of the BDNF gene outperformed Met allele carriers on reading comprehension and phonological memory, tasks that have a strong memory component. Consistent with these behavioral findings, Met allele carriers showed greater activation in reading–related brain regions including the fusiform gyrus, the left inferior frontal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus as well as greater activation in the hippocampus during a word and pseudoword reading task. Increased engagement of memory and spoken language regions for Met allele carriers relative to Val/Val homozygotes during reading suggests that Met carriers have to exert greater effort required to retrieve phonological codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja K. Jasińska
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter J. Molfese
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States of America
| | - Sergey A. Kornilov
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - W. Einar Mencl
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | | | - Maria Lee
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Kenneth R. Pugh
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States of America
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Elena L. Grigorenko
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Moscow City University for Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nicole Landi
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States of America
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
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Yen CH, Shih MC, Cheng CY, Ma KH, Lu RB, Huang SY. Incongruent reduction of dopamine transporter availability in different subgroups of alcohol dependence. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4048. [PMID: 27537550 PMCID: PMC5370777 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of alcohol dependence (AD) and major depression (MD), and males have more risk factors for the development of AD. However, imaging studies on brain DAT availability in males with AD comorbid with MD (AD/MD) are limited, and the association of DAT availability with cognitive function and depressive scores in patients with AD/MD has not been analyzed. Hence, this study examined the relationship between brain DAT availability, cognitive function, and depressive symptoms in different subgroups of males with AD.Single-photon emission computed tomography imaging with Tc-TRODAT-1 as a ligand was used to measure striatal DAT availability in 49 patients with AD (28 pure AD and 21 AD/MD) and 24 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were used to assess neurocognitive function and depressive scores, respectively. Patients with AD showed a significant reduction of DAT availability in 3 brain regions (P < 0.001), and this reduction was more pronounced in the patients with pure AD compared to healthy controls. The patients with AD showed significantly poorer performance on the WCST, but only in the control group was DAT availability significantly negatively correlated with total errors and perseverative errors (P < 0.001).These preliminary findings suggest that DAT availability is associated with neurocognitive function, and incongruent reduction of DAT may play a pathophysiological role in different subgroups of AD. In addition, decreased DAT availability may be associated with the severity of depressive symptoms in patients with AD/MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Hung Yen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Mei-Chen Shih
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Cheng-Yi Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Kuo-Hsing Ma
- Department of Anatomy and Biology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Institute of Behavior Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - San-Yuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
- Correspondence: San-Yuan Huang, Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Cheng-Kung Road, Sec. 2, Nei-Hu, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC (e-mail: )
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França ASC, Muratori L, Nascimento GC, Pereira CM, Ribeiro S, Lobão-Soares B. Object recognition impairment and rescue by a dopamine D2 antagonist in hyperdopaminergic mice. Behav Brain Res 2016; 308:211-6. [PMID: 27059337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genetically-modified mice without the dopamine transporter (DAT) are hyperdopaminergic, and serve as models for studies of addiction, mania and hyperactive disorders. Here we investigated the capacity for object recognition in mildly hyperdopaminergic mice heterozygous for DAT (DAT +/-), with synaptic dopaminergic levels situated between those shown by DAT -/- homozygous and wild-type (WT) mice. We used a classical dopamine D2 antagonist, haloperidol, to modulate the levels of dopaminergic transmission in a dose-dependent manner, before or after exploring novel objects. In comparison with WT mice, DAT +/- mice showed a deficit in object recognition upon subsequent testing 24h later. This deficit was compensated by a single 0.05mg/kg haloperidol injection 30min before training. In all mice, a 0.3mg/kg haloperidol injected immediately after training impaired object recognition. The results indicate that a mild enhancement of dopaminergic levels can be detrimental to object recognition, and that this deficit can be rescued by a low dose of a D2 dopamine receptor antagonist. This suggests that novel object recognition is optimal at intermediate levels of D2 receptor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur S C França
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59056-450, Brazil
| | - Larissa Muratori
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sidarta Ribeiro
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59056-450, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lobão-Soares
- Biophysics and Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN 59078-970, Brazil.
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Sase A, Aher YD, Saroja SR, Ganesan MK, Sase S, Holy M, Höger H, Bakulev V, Ecker GF, Langer T, Sitte HH, Leban J, Lubec G. A heterocyclic compound CE-103 inhibits dopamine reuptake and modulates dopamine transporter and dopamine D1-D3 containing receptor complexes. Neuropharmacology 2016; 102:186-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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50
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Gong DY, Choi YS. Development of New Analytical Method Evaluating Working Memory on Y Maze. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2016.26.2.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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