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Stalwick JA, Ratelle M, Gurney KEB, Drysdale M, Lazarescu C, Comte J, Laird B, Skinner K. Sources of exposure to lead in Arctic and subarctic regions: a scoping review. Int J Circumpolar Health 2023; 82:2208810. [PMID: 37196187 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2023.2208810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding lead exposure pathways is a priority because of its ubiquitous presence in the environment as well as the potential health risks. We aimed to identify potential lead sources and pathways of lead exposure, including long-range transport, and the magnitude of exposure in Arctic and subarctic communities. A scoping review strategy and screening approach was used to search literature from January 2000 to December 2020. A total of 228 academic and grey literature references were synthesised. The majority of these studies (54%) were from Canada. Indigenous people in Arctic and subarctic communities in Canada had higher levels of lead than the rest of Canada. The majority of studies in all Arctic countries reported at least some individuals above the level of concern. Lead levels were influenced by a number of factors including using lead ammunition to harvest traditional food and living in close proximity to mines. Lead levels in water, soil, and sediment were generally low. Literature showed the possibility of long-range transport via migratory birds. Household lead sources included lead-based paint, dust, or tap water. This literature review will help to inform management strategies for communities, researchers, and governments, with the aim of decreasing lead exposure in northern regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn A Stalwick
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science and Technology Branch, Prairie and Northern Wildlife Research Centre, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Mylène Ratelle
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Kirsty E B Gurney
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science and Technology Branch, Prairie and Northern Wildlife Research Centre, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Mallory Drysdale
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Calin Lazarescu
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Jérôme Comte
- Institut National de Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Eau Terre Environnement Centre, Québec, Canada
| | - Brian Laird
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Kelly Skinner
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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2
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Weiss MC, Wang L, Sargis RM. Hormonal Injustice: Environmental Toxicants as Drivers of Endocrine Health Disparities. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2023; 52:719-736. [PMID: 37865484 PMCID: PMC10929240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The toll of multiple endocrine disorders has increased substantially in recent decades, and marginalized populations bear a disproportionate burden of disease. Because of the significant individual and societal impact of these conditions, it is essential to identify and address all modifiable risk factors contributing to these disparities. Abundant evidence now links endocrine dysfunction with exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), with greater exposures to multiple EDCs occurring among vulnerable groups, such as racial/ethnic minorities, those with low incomes, and others with high endocrine disease burdens. Identifying and eliminating EDC exposures is an essential step in achieving endocrine health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C Weiss
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1853 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott, Suite E625, M/C 640, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Luyu Wang
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1853 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott, Suite E625, M/C 640, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1853 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott, Suite E625, M/C 640, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Chicago Center for Health and Environment, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 820 South Damen, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Zhang Y, Wu C, Deng S, Zhang J, Hou J, Wang C, Fu Z. Effect of different washing solutions on soil enzyme activity and microbial community in agricultural soil severely contaminated with cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:54641-54651. [PMID: 35306650 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil enzyme activities and microbial communities have a good response to the remediation effect of heavy metal-contaminated soils. To evaluate the effect of three commonly used washing agents, ferric chloride (FC), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and ethylenediamine-tetra-methylenephosphonic acid (EDTMP) on soil enzyme activities and microbial community in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated agricultural soil were collected from farmland near a non-ferrous metal smelter. The soil enzyme activities, microbial community, chemical forms of Cd and some physicochemical properties of the soil washed with different washing solutions were determined. The results showed that the three washing solutions had moderate removal efficiencies for Cd in the tested soil and the breakdown product of EDTMP has a certain stabilizing effect on Cd. The geometric mean and the integrated total enzyme activity index showed that soil washing with FC and EDTA was more beneficial to the restoration of biochemical functions than that with EDTMP. After soil washing, the Chao1 index of bacteria increased, and the microbial community structure changed. Pearson correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the three washing solutions affected soil enzyme activities and microbial community by altering soil nutrient, total Cd concentration and Cd fractions in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219# Ningliu Rd, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfa Wu
- Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219# Ningliu Rd, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shaopo Deng
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 219# Ningliu Rd, 210044, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinlu Zhang
- Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219# Ningliu Rd, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219# Ningliu Rd, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaocong Fu
- Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219# Ningliu Rd, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
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Silva IR, Francisco LFV, Bernardo C, Oliveira MA, Barbosa F, Silveira HCS. DNA methylation changes in promoter region of CDKN2A gene in workers exposed in construction environment. Biomarkers 2020; 25:594-602. [PMID: 32875942 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2020.1817981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Construction workers are exposed to a mixture of substances in the workplace considered carcinogenic. This study aimed to characterise gene-specific changes in DNA methylation over the workweek in this population as this type of environmental exposure has not been studied extensively. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated their DNA methylation in 4 gene-promoter regions (CDKN2A, RASSF1A, MLH1 and APC) and 2 repeat elements (ALU and LINE-1) in blood samples obtained on the first and fifth day of the same workweek of a group of 39 male construction workers. DNA methylation was measured by bisulphite-PCR-Pyrosequencing. We also measured the levels of trace elements in the whole blood by ICP-MS. RESULTS Only the CDKN2A gene had significant differences in the average methylation level between the first and fifth day of the workweek. We also observed that the levels of Cu, Pb, Se, Mn, and Ti decreased during the fifth day of exposure, and only lead, titanium and copper showed a low significant correlation with the methylation level mean for three specific CpG sites of the CDKN2A. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the data suggest that altered levels of CDKN2A methylation in construction workers may be a potential biomarker of recent exposure in this environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cassia Bernardo
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Barbosa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique César Santejo Silveira
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.,University of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, 78008-000, Brazil Cuiabá
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Du B, Zhou J, Lu B, Zhang C, Li D, Zhou J, Jiao S, Zhao K, Zhang H. Environmental and human health risks from cadmium exposure near an active lead-zinc mine and a copper smelter, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137585. [PMID: 32135280 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination from mining and smelting operations has led to growing environmental health concerns. In this study, soil, surface water, drinking water, rice, vegetables, and biomarkers (hair and urine) were collected from local residents near an active lead-zinc mine and a copper smelter. The aim was to determine how nonferrous metal mining and smelting activities have affected the health of local residents. It was found that the Cd concentrations in most soil and rice samples exceeded the national tolerance limits of China. Dietary intakes of rice and vegetables were the two major pathways of Cd exposure to local residents, accounting for >97% of the total probable daily intake. The excessive daily intake of Cd resulted in potential non-carcinogenic risks to the local residents, especially to children living around the two areas. The mean hair and urine Cd concentrations were 0.098 ± 0.10 mg kg-1 and 5.7 ± 3.1 μg L-1 in the mining area, and 0.30 ± 0.21 mg kg-1 and 5.5 ± 3.5 μg L-1 in the smelting area, respectively. A significantly positive correlation between hair Cd concentrations and the hazard quotient (HQ) for rice ingestion indicated that rice contamination had the most critical adverse effect on local residents. Due to the high levels of environmental Cd contamination, residents of the smelting area had a much higher Cd exposure than residents of the mining area. The results suggested that nonferrous mining and smelting should not coexist with agricultural activities. Effective contamination mitigation strategies and environmental remediation should be formulated and implemented to improve the health of local residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyun Du
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui 233100, China.
| | - Bingxin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Demin Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shaojun Jiao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Keqiang Zhao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Houhu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
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Savadatti SS, Liu M, Caglayan C, Reuther J, Lewis-Michl EL, Aldous KM, Parsons PJ, Kannan K, Rej R, Wang W, Palmer CD, Steuerwald AJ, Wattigney WA, Irvin-Barnwell E, Hwang SA. Biomonitoring of populations in Western New York at risk for exposure to Great Lakes contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 179:108690. [PMID: 31491725 PMCID: PMC6842667 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The New York State Department of Health conducted the Healthy Fishing Communities Program in collaboration with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry to assess human exposure to contaminants common to Lake Ontario, Lake Erie and surrounding rivers and waterways among populations in western New York State who eat locally caught fish. The program enrolled licensed anglers and Burmese refugees and immigrants, living near four designated Great Lakes Areas of Concern: Buffalo River, Niagara River, Eighteenmile Creek, and the Rochester Embayment. These target populations were sampled and enrolled independently into the program between February and October of 2013. A core set of contaminants were measured in blood and urine of 409 licensed anglers and 206 Burmese refugees and immigrants which included lead, cadmium, mercury, PCBs, PBDEs, organochlorine pesticides (hexachlorobenzene, mirex, DDT, DDE, and chlordane and its metabolites oxychlordane and trans-Nonachlor), and PFOS and PFOA. Biomonitoring results showed that both groups had higher geometric means for blood lead, total blood mercury, and serum PFOS compared to the 2013-2014 NHANES reference levels. The Burmese refugee group also showed higher geometric means for creatinine-adjusted urine mercury and lipid-adjusted serum DDE compared to national levels. Licensed angler participants reported eating a median of 16 locally caught fish meals in the past year. Burmese participants consumed local fish throughout the year, and most frequently in the summer (median 39 fish meals or 3 times a week). The study results provide valuable information on populations at high risk of exposure to contaminants in the Great Lakes Basin of western New York. The results provide the foundation for developing and implementing public health actions to reduce potential exposures to Great Lakes pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra S Savadatti
- Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12144, USA.
| | - Ming Liu
- Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, USA
| | - Cihan Caglayan
- Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, USA
| | - Julie Reuther
- Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Lewis-Michl
- Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, USA
| | - Kenneth M Aldous
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12144, USA
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12144, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12144, USA
| | - Robert Rej
- Division of Translational Medicine, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, The University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12144, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA
| | - Christopher D Palmer
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12144, USA
| | - Amy J Steuerwald
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA
| | - Wendy A Wattigney
- Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Elizabeth Irvin-Barnwell
- Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Syni-An Hwang
- Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12144, USA
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Helmfrid I, Ljunggren S, Nosratabadi R, Augustsson A, Filipsson M, Fredrikson M, Karlsson H, Berglund M. Exposure of metals and PAH through local foods and risk of cancer in a historically contaminated glassworks area. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 131:104985. [PMID: 31319292 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Production of crystal glass and colored art glassware have been going on in the south-eastern part of Sweden since the 1700s, at over 100 glassworks and smaller glass blowing facilities, resulting in environmental contamination with mainly arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAH). High levels of metals have been found in soil, and moderately elevated levels in vegetables, mushrooms and berries collected around the glassworks sites compared with reference areas. Food in general, is the major exposure source to metals, such as Cd and Pb, and PAHs. Exposure to these toxic metals and PAH has been associated with a variety of adverse health effects in humans including cancer. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of cancer in a cohort from the contaminated glasswork area in relation to long-term dietary intake of locally produced foods, while taking into account residential, occupational and life styles factors. METHODS The study population was extracted from a population cohort of 34,266 individuals who, at some time between the years 1979-2004, lived within a 2 km radius of a glassworks or glass landfill. Register information on cancer incidence and questionnaire information on consumption of local foods (reflecting 30 years general eating habits), life-time residence in the area, life style factors and occupational exposure was collected. Furthermore, blood (n = 660) and urine (n = 400) samples were collected in a subsample of the population to explore associations between local food consumption frequencies, biomarker concentrations in blood (Cd, Pb, As) and urine (PAH metabolite 1-OHPy) as well as environmental and lifestyle factors. The concurrent exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from food was also considered. A case-control study was performed for evaluation of associations between intakes of local food and risk of cancer. RESULTS Despite high environmental levels of Cd, Pb and As at glasswork sites and landfills, current metal exposure in the population living in the surrounding areas was similar or only moderately higher in our study population compared to the general population. Reported high consumption of certain local foods was associated with higher Cd and Pb, but not As, concentrations in blood, and 1-OHPy in urine. An increased risk of cancer was associated with smoking, family history of cancer, obesity, and residence in glasswork area before age 5 years. Also, a long-term high consumption of local foods (reflecting 30 years general eating habits), i.e. fish and meat (game, chicken, lamb), was associated with increased risk of various cancer forms. CONCLUSIONS The associations between consumption of local food and different types of cancer may reflect a higher contaminant exposure in the past, and thus, if consumption of local food contributes to the risk of acquiring cancer, that contribution is probably lower today than before. Furthermore, it cannot be ruled out that other contaminants in the food contribute to the increased cancer risks observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingela Helmfrid
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Stefan Ljunggren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Reza Nosratabadi
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Augustsson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Monika Filipsson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Mats Fredrikson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marika Berglund
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Perfileva AI, Pavlova AG, Bukhyanova BB, Tsivileva OM. Pesticides impact on Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus biofilm formation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2018; 53:464-468. [PMID: 29624494 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2018.1455356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of various pesticides on the biofilm formation by the phytopathogenic bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus (Cms), the potato ring rot causative agent, was explored for the first time. Systemic herbicides: 2,4-D, diuron, glyphosate, clopyralid, fluorodifen, as well as the commercial preparations "Lazurite," "Ridomil Gold," and the mitochondria inhibiting pesticides analog, sodium monoiodoacetate, were studied. These pesticides' effect on the Cms biofilm formation was shown to be distinct and dependent on the agent under question. Cms biofilm formation was reduced when exposed to sodium monoiodoacetate, as well as "Lazurite" preparation, that could be due to the bactericidal effect of these agents. 2,4-D and "Ridomil Gold" preparation stimulated the biofilm formation. Systemic herbicides diuron, glyphosate, clopyralid, fluorodifen did not exert appreciable influence on the process of bacterial biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla I Perfileva
- a Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch , Russian Academy of Sciences , Irkutsk , Russia
| | - Antonina G Pavlova
- b Biology and Soil Department, Irkutsk State University , Irkutsk , Russia
| | - Baira B Bukhyanova
- b Biology and Soil Department, Irkutsk State University , Irkutsk , Russia
| | - Olga M Tsivileva
- c Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences , Saratov , Russia
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9
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Increased Cancer Incidence in the Local Population Around Metal-Contaminated Glassworks Sites. J Occup Environ Med 2017; 59:e84-e90. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Harmouche-Karaki M, Matta J, Helou K, Mahfouz Y, Fakhoury-Sayegh N, Narbonne JF. Serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a Lebanese population: ENASB study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3705-3716. [PMID: 27888480 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that are still routinely detected 30 years after their restriction in many countries. PCBs have been associated with several non-communicable diseases. They are best measured via human biomonitoring (HBM). The concentrations of six indicator PCBs (PCBs 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) were measured in the serum samples of 316 Lebanese students and employees from Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon, using gas chromatography coupled to an iron trap mass spectrometer detector. PCBs were detected in 56.3 to 59.2% of the serum samples. The sum of PCB (∑PCBs) levels ranged from <LOD to 338.84 ng/g lipids, with a geometric mean level of 10.34 ± 0.98 ng/g lipids. The major contributor to the ∑PCBs was PCB 180. In the present study, the levels were, in general, lower than the values observed in several Western and European countries. No association was found between age and concentration of any of the PCBs. In terms of risk for health, the highest levels were lower than critical limits such as HBM I and II values. We observed an inverted U-shaped association between levels of serum PCBs and the risk of overweight/obesity (OR = 2.140; CI = 1.095-4.185; p = 0.026). Regarding potential food contributors, we found no relation between PCB levels and fish consumption and a moderate relation with dairy product consumption (moderate consumers of dairy products had higher PCB levels compared to lower consumers) (16.92 ± 0.1/6.92 ± 0.12; p = 0.025). The present study is the first to provide information regarding PCB levels in a Lebanese population. Larger studies are required in order to estimate the PCB exposure parameters of the Lebanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Matta
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Industrial Research Institute, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yara Mahfouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Ljunggren SA, Helmfrid I, Norinder U, Fredriksson M, Wingren G, Karlsson H, Lindahl M. Alterations in high-density lipoprotein proteome and function associated with persistent organic pollutants. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 98:204-211. [PMID: 27865523 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the mechanisms remain unclear. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) acts protective against CVD by different processes, and we have earlier found that HDL from subjects with CVD contains higher levels of POPs than healthy controls. In the present study, we have expanded analyses on the same individuals living in a contaminated community and investigated the relationship between the HDL POP levels and protein composition/function. HDL from 17 subjects was isolated by ultracentrifugation. HDL protein composition, using nanoliquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, and antioxidant activity were analyzed. The associations of 16 POPs, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides, with HDL proteins/functions were investigated by partial least square and multiple linear regression analysis. Proteomic analyses identified 118 HDL proteins, of which ten were significantly (p<0.05) and positively associated with the combined level of POPs or with highly chlorinated PCB congeners. Among these, cholesteryl ester transfer protein and phospholipid transfer protein, as well as the inflammatory marker serum amyloid A, were found. The serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 activity was inversely associated with POPs. Pathway analysis demonstrated that up-regulated proteins were associated with biological processes involving lipoprotein metabolism, while down-regulated proteins were associated with processes such as negative regulation of proteinases, acute phase response, platelet degranulation, and complement activation. These results indicate an association between POP levels, especially highly chlorinated PCBs, and HDL protein alterations that may result in a less functional particle. Further studies are needed to determine causality and the importance of other environmental factors. Nevertheless, this study provides a first insight into a possible link between exposure to POPs and risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A Ljunggren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Ingela Helmfrid
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Ulf Norinder
- Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center, Södertälje, Sweden.
| | - Mats Fredriksson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Gun Wingren
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Mats Lindahl
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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Xu X, Tang Q, Xia H, Zhang Y, Li W, Huo X. Chaotic time series prediction for prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in umbilical cord blood using the least squares SEATR model. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25005. [PMID: 27118260 PMCID: PMC4846991 DOI: 10.1038/srep25005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaotic time series prediction based on nonlinear systems showed a superior performance in prediction field. We studied prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by chaotic time series prediction using the least squares self-exciting threshold autoregressive (SEATR) model in umbilical cord blood in an electronic waste (e-waste) contaminated area. The specific prediction steps basing on the proposal methods for prenatal PCB exposure were put forward, and the proposed scheme's validity was further verified by numerical simulation experiments. Experiment results show: 1) seven kinds of PCB congeners negatively correlate with five different indices for birth status: newborn weight, height, gestational age, Apgar score and anogenital distance; 2) prenatal PCB exposed group at greater risks compared to the reference group; 3) PCBs increasingly accumulated with time in newborns; and 4) the possibility of newborns suffering from related diseases in the future was greater. The desirable numerical simulation experiments results demonstrated the feasibility of applying mathematical model in the environmental toxicology field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyue Xia
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqiu Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
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