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Ignácio ADC, Guerra AMDR, de Souza-Silva TG, Carmo MAVD, Paula HADA. Effects of glyphosate exposure on intestinal microbiota, metabolism and microstructure: a systematic review. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38994673 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00660g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most commercialized herbicide in Brazil and worldwide, and this has become a worrying scenario in recent years. In 2015 glyphosate was classified as potentially carcinogenic by the World Health Organization, which opened avenues for numerous debates about its safe use regarding non-target species' health, including humans. This review aimed to observe the impacts of glyphosate and its formulations on the gut microbiota, as well as on the gut microstructure and animal metabolism. A systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA recommendations, and the search for original articles was performed in Pubmed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The risk of bias in the studies was assessed using the SYRCLE strategy. Our findings revealed that glyphosate and its formulations are able to induce intestinal dysbiosis by altering bacterial metabolism, intestinal permeability, and mucus secretion, as well as causing damage to the microvilli and the intestinal lumen. Additionally, immunological, enzymatic and genetic changes were also observed in the animal models. At the metabolic level, damage was observed in lipid and energy metabolism, the circulatory system, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and replication, repair, and translation processes. In this context, we pointed out that the studies revealed that these alterations, caused by glyphosate-based herbicides, can lead to intestinal and systemic diseases, such as Crohn's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thaiany Goulart de Souza-Silva
- Institute of Biological Science, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo Vieira do Carmo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Centro, CEP: 37130-001, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Hudsara Aparecida de Almeida Paula
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Centro, CEP: 37130-001, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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2
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Rondon R, Cosseau C, Bergami E, Cárdenas CA, Pérez-Toledo C, Alvarez D, Aldridge J, Font A, Garrido I, Santa Cruz F, Perrois G, Balbi T, Corsi I, González-Aravena M. Exposure to nanoplastics and nanomaterials either single and combined affects the gill-associated microbiome of the Antarctic soft-shelled clam Laternula elliptica. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 198:106539. [PMID: 38718522 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics and engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) are contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), increasingly being detected in the marine environment and recognized as a potential threat for marine biota at the global level including in polar areas. Few studies have assessed the impact of these anthropogenic nanoparticles in the microbiome of marine invertebrates, however combined exposure resembling natural scenarios has been overlooked. The present study aimed to evaluate the single and combined effects of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NP) as proxy for nanoplastics and nanoscale titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) on the prokaryotic communities associated with the gill tissue of the Antarctic soft-shell clam Laternula elliptica, a keystone species of marine benthos Wild-caught specimens were exposed to two environmentally relevant concentrations of carboxylated PS NP (PS-COOH NP, ∼62 nm size) and nano-TiO2 (Aeroxide P25, ∼25 nm) as 5 and 50 μg/L either single and combined for 96h in a semi-static condition.Our findings show a shift in microbiome composition in gills of soft-shell clams exposed to PS NP and nano-TiO2 either alone and in combination with a decrease in the relative abundance of OTU1 (Spirochaetaceae). In addition, an increase of gammaproteobacterial OTUs affiliated to MBAE14 and Methylophagaceae (involved in ammonia denitrification and associated with low-quality water), and the OTU Colwellia rossensis (previously recorded in polluted waters) was observed. Our results suggest that nanoplastics and nano-TiO2 alone and in combination induce alterations in microbiome composition by promoting the increase of negative taxa over beneficial ones in the gills of the Antarctic soft-shell clam. An increase of two low abundance OTUs in PS-COOH NPs exposed clams was also observed. A predicted gene function analysis revealed that sugar, lipid, protein and DNA metabolism were the main functions affected by either PS-COOH NP and nano-TiO2 exposure. The molecular functions involved in the altered affiliated OTUs are novel for nano-CEC exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Rondon
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile.
| | - Céline Cosseau
- IHPE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France
| | - Elisa Bergami
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - César A Cárdenas
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile; Millenium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Diego Alvarez
- Centro Asistencial Docente y de Investigación, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Jacqueline Aldridge
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Computación, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Alejandro Font
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Ignacio Garrido
- Centro de Investigaciones Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes, Valdivia, Chile; Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Garance Perrois
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile; Tropical & Subtropical Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Teresa Balbi
- Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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3
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Evalen PS, Barnhardt EN, Ryu J, Stahlschmidt ZR. Toxicity of glyphosate to animals: A meta-analytical approach. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123669. [PMID: 38460584 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY)-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most commonly applied pesticide worldwide, and non-target organisms (e.g., animals) are now regularly exposed to GLY and GBHs due to the accumulation of these chemicals in many environments. Although GLY/GBH was previously considered to be non-toxic, growing evidence indicates that GLY/GBH negatively affects some animal taxa. However, there has been no systematic analysis quantifying its toxicity to animals. Therefore, we used a meta-analytical approach to determine whether there is a demonstrable effect of GLY/GBH toxicity across animals. We further addressed whether the effects of GLY/GBH vary due to (1) taxon (invertebrate vs. vertebrate), (2) habitat (aquatic vs. terrestrial), (3) type of biological response (behavior vs. physiology vs. survival), and (4) dosage or concentration of GLY/GBH. Using this approach, we also determined whether adjuvants (e.g., surfactants) in commercial formulations of GBHs increased toxicity for animals relative to exposure to GLY alone. We analyzed 1282 observations from 121 articles. We conclude that GLY is generally sub-lethally toxic for animals, particularly for animals in aquatic or marine habitats, and that toxicity did not exhibit dose-dependency. Yet, our analyses detected evidence for widespread publication bias so we encourage continued experimental investigations to better understand factors influencing GLY/GBH toxicity to animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Evalen
- University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - J Ryu
- University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
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4
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Asnicar D, Fabrello J, Ciscato M, Masiero L, Marin MG, Corami F, Milan M, Bernardini I, Patarnello T, Cecchetto M, Giubilato E, Bettiol C, Semenzin E, Matozzo V. A multibiomarker approach in clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) for a toxicological evaluation of dredged sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123095. [PMID: 38070644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The Lagoon of Venice is often dredged for channel maintenance. To avoid harmful consequences to the ecosystem, a proper disposal of bottom sediments requires a preliminary evaluation of its potential toxicity before excavation. Here we evaluated the effects of polluted sediments on clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) using a multibiomarker approach. Bivalves were exposed for 3 and 14 days to five sediment samples collected along a navigation canal between Venice historical centre and the industrial area of Porto Marghera. Immunological, antioxidant, detoxification, and neurotoxicity biomarkers were analysed in haemolymph, gill, and digestive gland. As a control, sediment collected far from pollution sources was used. Two experiments were performed to assess potential seasonal/gametogenic influence in clam sensitivity. A different response of clam biomarkers was observed during the two experiments and among sampling sites. Clams' digestive gland resulted to be the most sensitive tissue analysed showing significant differences among sites in all biomarkers analysed. Greater differences were present due to seasonality rather than exposure. The concentrations of metals and organic pollutants increased from the city centre to the industrial area, highlighting the influence that industrial activities had on the lagoon ecosystem. However, bioaccumulation in clams did not follow the same clear pattern, suggesting low bioavailability of compounds due to relatively high organic matter content. Biomarkers modulation was mainly driven by metals, both present in sediments and bioaccumulated. In comparison, effects of organic pollutants on the biomarkers tested were negligible. Other sources of contamination not investigated (e.g. pesticides) were suggested by neurotoxicity biomarkers alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Asnicar
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy; Aquatic Bioscience, Huntsman Marine Science Centre, 1 Lower Campus Road, E5B 2L7, St Andrews, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Jacopo Fabrello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Ciscato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Luciano Masiero
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Marin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabiana Corami
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy; Institute of Polar Sciences, CNR-ISP, Campus Scientifico - Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Massimo Milan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bernardini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Tomaso Patarnello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Martina Cecchetto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Elisa Giubilato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bettiol
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Elena Semenzin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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5
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Bernardini I, Quagliariello A, Peruzza L, Martino ME, Dalla Rovere G, Iori S, Asnicar D, Ciscato M, Fabrello J, Corami F, Cecchetto M, Giubilato E, Carrer C, Bettiol C, Semenzin E, Marcomini A, Matozzo V, Bargelloni L, Milan M, Patarnello T. Contaminants from dredged sediments alter the transcriptome of Manila clam and induce shifts in microbiota composition. BMC Biol 2023; 21:234. [PMID: 37880625 PMCID: PMC10601118 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reuse of dredged sediments in ports and lagoons is a big issue as it should not affect the quality and the equilibrium of ecosystems. In the lagoon of Venice, sediment management is of crucial importance as sediments are often utilized to built-up structures necessary to limit erosion. However, the impact of sediment reuse on organisms inhabiting this delicate area is poorly known. The Manila clam is a filter-feeding species of high economic and ecological value for the Venice lagoon experiencing a drastic decline in the last decades. In order to define the molecular mechanisms behind sediment toxicity, we exposed clams to sediments sampled from different sites within one of the Venice lagoon navigable canals close to the industrial area. Moreover, we investigated the impacts of dredged sediments on clam's microbial communities. RESULTS Concentrations of the trace elements and organic chemicals showed increasing concentrations from the city of Venice to sites close to the industrial area of Porto Marghera, where PCDD/Fs and PCBs concentrations were up to 120 times higher than the southern lagoon. While bioaccumulation of organic contaminants of industrial origin reflected sediments' chemical concentrations, metal bioaccumulation was not consistent with metal concentrations measured in sediments probably due to the activation of ABC transporters. At the transcriptional level, we found a persistent activation of the mTORC1 signalling pathway, which is central in the coordination of cellular responses to chemical stress. Microbiota characterization showed the over-representation of potential opportunistic pathogens following exposure to the most contaminated sediments, leading to host immune response activation. Despite the limited acquisition of new microbial species from sediments, the latter play an important role in shaping Manila clam microbial communities. CONCLUSIONS Sediment management in the Venice lagoon will increase in the next years to maintain and create new canals as well as to allow the operation of the new mobile gates at the three Venice lagoon inlets. Our data reveal important transcriptional and microbial changes of Manila clams after exposure to sediments, therefore reuse of dredged sediments represents a potential risk for the conservation of this species and possibly for other organisms inhabiting the Venice lagoon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bernardini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Andrea Quagliariello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Luca Peruzza
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Martino
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Rovere
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Silvia Iori
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Davide Asnicar
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
- Aquatic Bioscience, Huntsman Marine Science Centre, 1 Lower Campus Road, E5B 2L7, St Andrews, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Maria Ciscato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Jacopo Fabrello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabiana Corami
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice-Mestre, Italy
- Institute of Polar Sciences, CNR-ISP, Foscari University of Venice, Campus Scientifico - CaVia Torino, 155, 30172, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - Martina Cecchetto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - Elisa Giubilato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - Claudio Carrer
- Thetis S.P.a. C/o laboratorio del Provveditorato Interregionale Alle Opere Pubbliche Per Il Veneto, Il Trentino Alto Adige E Il Friuli Venezia Giulia, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bettiol
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - Elena Semenzin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Massimo Milan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy.
- NFBC, National Future Biodiversity Center, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Tomaso Patarnello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
- NFBC, National Future Biodiversity Center, Palermo, Italy
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Matsuzaki R, Gunnigle E, Geissen V, Clarke G, Nagpal J, Cryan JF. Pesticide exposure and the microbiota-gut-brain axis. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023:10.1038/s41396-023-01450-9. [PMID: 37328570 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota exist within a dynamic ecosystem shaped by various factors that includes exposure to xenobiotics such as pesticides. It is widely regarded that the gut microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining host health, including a major influence on the brain and behaviour. Given the widespread use of pesticides in modern agriculture practices, it is important to assess the long-term collateral effects these xenobiotic exposures have on gut microbiota composition and function. Indeed, exposure studies using animal models have shown that pesticides can induce negative impacts on the host gut microbiota, physiology and health. In tandem, there is a growing body of literature showing that the effects of pesticide exposure can be extended to the manifestation of behavioural impairments in the host. With the increasing appreciation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, in this review we assess whether pesticide-induced changes in gut microbiota composition profiles and functions could be driving these behavioural alterations. Currently, the diversity of pesticide type, exposure dose and variation in experimental designs hinders direct comparisons of studies presented. Although many insights presented, the mechanistic connection between the gut microbiota and behavioural changes remains insufficiently explored. Future experiments should therefore focus on causal mechanisms to examine the gut microbiota as the mediator of the behavioural impairments observed in the host following pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Matsuzaki
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoin Gunnigle
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
| | - Violette Geissen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Sciences, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jatin Nagpal
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland.
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland.
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7
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Cecchetto M, Peruzza L, Giubilato E, Bernardini I, Rovere GD, Marcomini A, Regoli F, Bargelloni L, Patarnello T, Semenzin E, Milan M. An innovative index to incorporate transcriptomic data into weight of evidence approaches for environmental risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115745. [PMID: 36972774 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The sharp decrease in the cost of RNA-sequencing and the rapid improvement in computational analysis of eco-toxicogenomic data have brought new insights into the adverse effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms. Yet, transcriptomics is generally applied qualitatively in environmental risk assessments, hampering more effective exploitation of this evidence through multidisciplinary studies. In view of this limitation, a methodology is here presented to quantitatively elaborate transcriptional data in support to environmental risk assessment. The proposed methodology makes use of results from the application of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to recent studies investigating the response of Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to contaminants of emerging concern. The degree of changes in gene sets and the relevance of physiological reactions are integrated in the calculation of a hazard index. The outcome is then classified according to five hazard classes (from absent to severe), providing an evaluation of whole-transcriptome effects of chemical exposure. The application to experimental and simulated datasets proved that the method can effectively discriminate different levels of altered transcriptomic responses when compared to expert judgement (Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.96). A further application to data collected in two independent studies of Salmo trutta and Xenopus tropicalis exposed to contaminants confirmed the potential extension of the methodology to other aquatic species. This methodology can serve as a proof of concept for the integration of "genomic tools" in environmental risk assessment based on multidisciplinary investigations. To this end, the proposed transcriptomic hazard index can now be incorporated into quantitative Weight of Evidence approaches and weighed, with results from other types of analysis, to elucidate the role of chemicals in adverse ecological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cecchetto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venezia, Italy
| | - Luca Peruzza
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Giubilato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venezia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bernardini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Rovere
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venezia, Italy
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy; NFBC, National Future Biodiversity Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Tomaso Patarnello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Semenzin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venezia, Italy.
| | - Massimo Milan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy; NFBC, National Future Biodiversity Center, Palermo, Italy
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8
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Meng QY, Kang CQ, Dang W, Melvin SD, Lu HL. Minor metabolomic disturbances induced by glyphosate-isopropylammonium exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations in an aquatic turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 256:106415. [PMID: 36746075 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The ecotoxicological and environmental impacts of glyphosate-based herbicides have received considerable attention due to their extensive use globally. However, the potential for adverse effects in cultured non-fish vertebrate species are commonly ignored. In this study, effects on growth, indicators of functional performance, gut microbial diversity, liver antioxidant responses and metabolite profiles were evaluated in soft-shelled turtle hatchlings (Pelodiscus sinensis) exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate-isopropylammonium (0, 0.02, 0.2, 2 and 20 mg/L). No significant changes in growth or functional performance (food intake, swimming speed), gut microbiota, and liver antioxidant responses (SOD and CAT activities, MDA content) were observed in exposed turtles. However, hepatic metabolite profiles revealed distinct perturbations that primarily involved amino acid metabolism in turtles exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations. Overall, our results suggested that metabolite profiles may be more sensitive than phenotypic or general physiological endpoints and gut microbiota profiling, and indicate a potential mechanism of hepatotoxicity caused by glyphosate-isopropylammonium based on untargeted metabolomics analysis. Furthermore, the toxicity of glyphosate at environmentally relevant concentrations might be relatively minor in aquatic turtle species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Yuan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Chun-Quan Kang
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Wei Dang
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Steven D Melvin
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Hong-Liang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
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9
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Rey-Campos M, Ríos-Castro R, Gallardo-Escárate C, Novoa B, Figueras A. Exploring the Potential of Metatranscriptomics to Describe Microbial Communities and Their Effects in Molluscs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416029. [PMID: 36555669 PMCID: PMC9784687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metatranscriptomics has emerged as a very useful technology for the study of microbiomes from RNA-seq reads. This method provides additional information compared to the sequencing of ribosomal genes because the gene expression can also be analysed. In this work, we used the metatranscriptomic approach to study the whole microbiome of mussels, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoans, by mapping the RNA-seq reads to custom assembly databases (including the genomes of microorganisms publicly available). This strategy allowed us not only to describe the diversity of microorganisms but also to relate the host transcriptome and microbiome, finding the genes more affected by the pathogen load. Although some bacteria abundant in the metatranscriptomic analysis were undetectable by 16S rRNA sequencing, a common core of the taxa was detected by both methodologies (62% of the metatranscriptomic detections were also identified by 16S rRNA sequencing, the Oceanospirillales, Flavobacteriales and Vibrionales orders being the most relevant). However, the differences in the microbiome composition were observed among different tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis, with the fungal kingdom being especially diverse, or among molluscan species. These results confirm the potential of a meta-analysis of transcriptome data to obtain new information on the molluscs' microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magalí Rey-Campos
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Raquel Ríos-Castro
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Cristian Gallardo-Escárate
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, Concepción P.O. Box 160-C, Chile
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence:
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10
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Wang C, Li X, Jin D, Gong P, Li Q, Zhang Y, Li X, Deng Y, Cernava T, Zhu X. Implications of environmentally shaped microbial communities for insecticide resistance in Sitobion miscanthi. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114409. [PMID: 36152886 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Insect-associated bacteria play an important role in the resistance to pesticides, yet bacterial community compositions in wild insect host populations and the environmental factors that shape them are mostly elusive. In this study, Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi) populations were collected from major wheat growing regions in China. Following high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments, association analyses were performed within the bacterial community associated with S. miscanthi, as well as with population resistance levels to four commonly used pesticides and different environmental factors. We found that bacterial community structures differed in various regions, and that the abundances of dominant bacteria such as Buchnera, Candidatus Regiella, Candidatus Hamiltonella showed high variations. The resistance of S. miscanthi to avermectin and bifenthrin was shown to decline with increasing bacterial diversity. Meanwhile, with the increase of bacterial network modularity, the resistance of S. miscanthi populations to imidacloprid, avermectin and bifenthrin also increased correspondingly. In addition, correlation analysis indicated that altitude and air pressure had the strongest impact on bacterial community diversity and relative abundance, followed by humidity, rainfall and temperature. Overall, insights into such complex interactions between bacteria and their insect hosts offer new directions for biological pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Decai Jin
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Peipan Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiuchi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ye Deng
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Tomislav Cernava
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Xun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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11
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Wathsala RHGR, Folgueras EC, Iuffrida L, Candela M, Gotti R, Fiori J, Franzellitti S. Glyphosate and its breakdown product AMPA elicit cytoprotective responses in haemocytes of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:103997. [PMID: 36216252 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of glyphosate (GLY) and its metabolite AMPA on cytoprotective and detoxification mechanisms in haemocytes of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Cells were treated in vitro with 0.1 and 1.0 µg/L GLY, 0.1 µg/L, 0.1 and 1.0 µg/L AMPA, or two mixtures GLY+AMPA (0.1 µg/L GLY + 0.1 µg/L AMPA, 1.0 µg/L GLY + 1.0 µg/L AMPA). GLY and AMPA increased MXR efflux activity and modulated expression of the ABCB transcript encoding a MXR related ABC transporter P-glycoprotein. The mixtures GLY+AMPA reduced efflux activity with ABCB down-regulation (at 1 µg/L GLY/AMPA). Modulation of lysosomal and immune related transcripts generally agree with known effects of the chemicals on these physiological functions. Given their cumulative action as chemosensitizers of the MXR system, and their interactive effects on haemocyte parameters, glyphosate and AMPA at environmental concentrations should be addressed as a concern factor for the biological vulnerability of marine habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajapaksha Haddokara Gedara Rasika Wathsala
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Elena Catasús Folgueras
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Letizia Iuffrida
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Fano, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Fano, Italy; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Gotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jessica Fiori
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Franzellitti
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Fano, Italy.
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12
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Gotti R, Fiori J, Furlanetto S, Orlandini S, Candela M, Franzellitti S. Assessment of bioaccumulation of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in marine mussels using capillary electrophoresis with light‐emitting diode‐induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1681:463452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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13
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Marisa I, Asnicar D, Matozzo V, Parolini M, Brianese N, Fedorova M, Hoffman R, Sheehan D, Marin MG. Zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and C 60 fullerene nanoparticles, alone and in mixture, differently affect biomarker responses and proteome in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155873. [PMID: 35595145 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Continuous release of nanoparticles (NPs) into marine coastal environments results in an increased risk of exposure to complex NP mixtures for marine organisms. However, to date, the information on the effects at molecular and biochemical levels induced by the exposure to NPs, singly and as a mixture, is still scant. The present work aimed at exploring the independent and combined effects and the mechanism(s) of action induced by 7-days exposure to 1 μg/L nZnO, 1 μg/L nTiO2 and 1 μg/L FC60 fullerene in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, using a battery of immunological and oxidative stress biomarkers in haemolymph, gills and digestive gland. In addition, proteomics analyses were performed in gills and the digestive gland, where NP bioaccumulation was also assessed. Increased bioaccumulation of single NPs and the mixture was linked with increased oxidative stress and higher damage to proteins, lipids and DNA in all tissues analysed. The proteomics approach highlighted protein modulation in terms of abundance and damage (higher redox-thiol and carbonylated groups content). In particular, the modulated proteins (16 in gills and 18 in digestive gland) were mostly related to cytoskeleton and energetic metabolism. The digestive gland was the tissue more affected. For all biomarkers measured, increased detrimental effects were observed in the mixture compared to single NP exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marisa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Asnicar
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Parolini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Brianese
- Institute for Energetics and Interphases (IENI), CNR, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Fedorova
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralf Hoffman
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Sheehan
- Proteomics Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Western Rd., Cork, Ireland; Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Research Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maria Gabriella Marin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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14
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Asnicar D, Zanovello L, Badocco D, Munari M, Marin MG. Different ecological histories of sea urchins acclimated to reduced pH influence offspring response to multiple stressors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113131. [PMID: 35337831 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
End-of-the-century predictions on carbon dioxide (CO2) driven ocean acidification and the continuous leakage of pesticides from inland to coastal areas are of concern for potential negative effects on marine species' early life stages which are the most vulnerable to environmental changes. Variations in seawater chemistry related to human activities may interfere with the normal development from embryo to juvenile/adult stage. However, transgenerational studies suggest that the parental generation can influence the offspring phenotype, and thus their performances, based on the environment experienced. Here we compared the transgenerational responses to a multiple stressor scenario in sea urchins (Paracentrotus lividus) that experienced different environments since their settlement: i.e., animals from a highly variable environment, such as the Venice lagoon, versus animals from a coastal area with prevailing oligotrophic conditions in the Northern Adriatic Sea. After long-term maintenance (2 and 6 months) of adult sea urchins at natural and -0.4 units reduced pH, the F1 generations were obtained. Embryos were reared under four experimental conditions: natural and -0.4 pH both in the absence and in the presence of an emerging contaminants' mixture (glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid at environmentally relevant concentrations, 100 μg/L). A significant detrimental effect of both the parental and the filial pH was highlighted, affecting embryo development and growth. Nonetheless, sea urchins from both sites were able to cope with ocean acidification. The 6-months F1 response was better than that of the 2-months F1. Conversely, the F1 response of the sea urchins maintained at natural conditions did not change sensibly after more prolonged parental exposure. An additive but mild negative effect of the mixture was observed, mostly in lagoon offspring. Results suggest that long-term exposure to reduced pH leads to transgenerational acclimation but does not affect susceptibility to the tested pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Asnicar
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Zanovello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Denis Badocco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Munari
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Punta San Pietro, 80077, Ischia, Naples, Italy
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15
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Kimani M, Kislenko E, Gawlitza K, Rurack K. Fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer particles for glyphosate detection using phase transfer agents. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14151. [PMID: 35986032 PMCID: PMC9391380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, molecular imprinting was combined with direct fluorescence detection of the pesticide Glyphosate (GPS). Firstly, the solubility of highly polar GPS in organic solvents was improved by using lipophilic tetrabutylammonium (TBA+) and tetrahexylammonium (THA+) counterions. Secondly, to achieve fluorescence detection, a fluorescent crosslinker containing urea-binding motifs was used as a probe for GPS-TBA and GPS-THA salts in chloroform, generating stable complexes through hydrogen bond formation. The GPS/fluorescent dye complexes were imprinted into 2-3 nm fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) shells on the surface of sub-micron silica particles using chloroform as porogen. Thus, the MIP binding behavior could be easily evaluated by fluorescence titrations in suspension to monitor the spectral changes upon addition of the GPS analytes. While MIPs prepared with GPS-TBA and GPS-THA both displayed satisfactory imprinting following titration with the corresponding analytes in chloroform, GPS-THA MIPs displayed better selectivity against competing molecules. Moreover, the THA+ counterion was found to be a more powerful phase transfer agent than TBA+ in a biphasic assay, enabling the direct fluorescence detection and quantification of GPS in water. A limit of detection of 1.45 µM and a linear range of 5-55 µM were obtained, which match well with WHO guidelines for the acceptable daily intake of GPS in water (5.32 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Kimani
- grid.71566.330000 0004 0603 5458Chemical and Optical Sensing Division (1.9), Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Evgeniia Kislenko
- grid.71566.330000 0004 0603 5458Chemical and Optical Sensing Division (1.9), Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kornelia Gawlitza
- grid.71566.330000 0004 0603 5458Chemical and Optical Sensing Division (1.9), Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- grid.71566.330000 0004 0603 5458Chemical and Optical Sensing Division (1.9), Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12200 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Bernardini I, Fabrello J, Vecchiato M, Ferraresso S, Babbucci M, Peruzza L, Rovere GD, Masiero L, Marin MG, Bargelloni L, Gambaro A, Patarnello T, Matozzo V, Milan M. Effects of environmental concentrations of the fragrance amyl salicylate on the mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119502. [PMID: 35605833 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Amyl salicylate (AS) is a fragrance massively used as a personal care product and following the discharged in wastewaters may end up in the aquatic environment representing a potential threat for the ecosystem and living organisms. AS was recently detected in water of the Venice Lagoon, a vulnerable area continuously subjected to the income of anthropogenic chemicals. The lagoon is a relevant area for mollusc farming, including the Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) having an important economic and ecological role. Despite high levels of AS occurred in water of the Lagoon of Venice, no studies investigated the possible consequences of AS exposures on species inhabiting this ecosystem to date. For the first time, we applied a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the potential effects of the fragrance AS on Mediterranean mussels. To reach such a goal, bioaccumulation, cellular, biochemical, and molecular analyses (RNA-seq and microbiota characterization) were measured in mussels treated for 7 and 14 days with different AS Venice lagoon environmental levels (0.1 and 0.5 μg L-1). Despite chemical investigations suggested low AS bioaccumulation capability, cellular and molecular analyses highlighted the disruption of several key cellular processes after the prolonged exposures to the high AS concentration. Among them, potential immunotoxicity and changes in transcriptional regulation of pathways involved in energy metabolism, stress response, apoptosis and cell death regulations have been observed. Conversely, exposure to the low AS concentration demonstrated weak transcriptional changes and transient increased representation of opportunistic pathogens, as Arcobacter genus and Vibrio aestuarianus. Summarizing, this study provides the first overview on the effects of AS on one of the most widely farmed mollusk species.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bernardini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - J Fabrello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - M Vecchiato
- Institute of Polar Sciences - National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Venice, Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - S Ferraresso
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - M Babbucci
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - L Peruzza
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - G Dalla Rovere
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - L Masiero
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - M G Marin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - L Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - A Gambaro
- Institute of Polar Sciences - National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Venice, Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - T Patarnello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - V Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - M Milan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
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17
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de Oliveira EP, Marchi KE, Emiliano J, Salazar SMCH, Ferri AH, Etto RM, Reche PM, Pileggi SAV, Kalks KHM, Tótola MR, Schemczssen-Graeff Z, Pileggi M. Changes in fatty acid composition as a response to glyphosate toxicity in Pseudomonas fluorescens. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09938. [PMID: 35965982 PMCID: PMC9364109 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive use of herbicides decreases soil biodiversity and fertility. The literature on the xenobiotic response by microorganisms is focused on herbicide biodegradation as a selective event. Non-degradation systems independent of selection could allow the survival of tolerant bacteria in contaminated environments, impacting xenobiotic turnover and, consequently, bioremediation strategies. However, it is uncertain whether the response based on these systems requires selective pressure to be effective. The objective here was to analyze non-degradation phenotypes, enzymatic and structural response systems, of Pseudomonas fluorescens CMA-55 strain, already investigated the production pattern of quorum sensing molecules in response to glyphosate, not present at the isolation site. One mode of response was associated with decrease in membrane permeability and effective antioxidative response for 0–2.30 mM glyphosate, at the mid-log growing phase, with higher activities of Mn-SOD, KatA, and KatB, and presence of fatty acids as nonadecylic acid, margaric and lauric acid. The second response system was characterized by lower antioxidative enzymes activity, presence of KatC isoform, and pelargonic, capric, myristic, stearic, palmitoleic and palmitic acid as principal fatty acids, allowing the strain to face stressful conditions in 9.20–11.50 mM glyphosate at the stationary phase. Therefore, the bacterial strain could modify the fatty acid composition and the permeability of membranes in two response modes according to the herbicide concentration, even glyphosate was not previously selective for P. fluorescens, featuring a generalist system based on physiological plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizangela Paz de Oliveira
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, Maringá State University, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Kathleen Evelyn Marchi
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Janaina Emiliano
- Department of Microbiology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Alisson Henrique Ferri
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mazer Etto
- Department of Chemistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Péricles Martim Reche
- Department of Nursing and Public Health, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sônia Alvim Veiga Pileggi
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Rogério Tótola
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Pileggi
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
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18
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Potential Risks of Microplastic Fomites to Aquatic Organisms with Special Emphasis on Polyethylene-Microplastic-Glyphosate Exposure Case in Aquacultured Shrimp. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12105135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plastic litter is increasingly becoming pervasive in aquatic environments, characterized by circulatory patterns between different compartments and continual loading with new debris. Microplastic pollution can cause a variety of effects on aquatic organisms. This review presents the current knowledge of microplastics distribution and sorption capacity, reflecting on possible bioaccumulation and health effects in aquatic organisms. A model case study reveals the fate and toxic effects of glyphosate, focusing on the simultaneous exposure of aquacultured shrimp to polyethylene and glyphosate and their contact route and on the potential effects on their health and the risk for transmission of the contaminants. The toxicity and bioaccumulation of glyphosate-sorbed polyethylene microplastics in shrimp are not well understood, although individual effects have been studied extensively in various organisms. We aim to delineate this knowledge gap by compiling current information regarding the co-exposure to polyethylene microplastic adsorbed with glyphosate to assist in the assessment of the possible health risks to aquacultured shrimp and their consumers.
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19
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Red-Emitting Polymerizable Guanidinium Dyes as Fluorescent Probes in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Glyphosate Detection. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10030099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The development of methodologies to sense glyphosate has gained momentum due to its toxicological and ecotoxicological effects. In this work, a red-emitting and polymerizable guanidinium benzoxadiazole probe was developed for the fluorescence detection of glyphosate. The interaction of the fluorescent probe and the tetrabutylammonium salt of glyphosate was studied via UV/vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy in chloroform and acetonitrile. The selective recognition of glyphosate was achieved by preparing molecularly imprinted polymers, able to discriminate against other common herbicides such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba), as thin layers on submicron silica particles. The limits of detection of 4.8 µM and 0.6 µM were obtained for the sensing of glyphosate in chloroform and acetonitrile, respectively. The reported system shows promise for future application in the sensing of glyphosate through further optimization of the dye and the implementation of a biphasic assay with water/organic solvent mixtures for sensing in aqueous environmental samples.
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20
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Zhou Z, Ni X, Wu Z, Tang J. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the threat of herbicides glufosinate and glyphosate to the scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 229:113074. [PMID: 34915224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The amino acid metabolism-related herbicides glufosinate and glyphosate are used worldwide and have flowed into the oceans, threatening the marine organisms. In the present study, physiological activities and transcriptomic profiles of the scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis and symbiotic Symbiodiniaceae were determined during a 48 h-exposure to the two herbicides with the final concentration of 10 μmol L-1. Coral samples were collected at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h after exposure to determine symbiont density, chlorophyll content, as well as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) and phenoloxidase (PO), and the caspase-3 levels, and the samples collected at 24 h were employed in the transcriptomic analysis. Specifically, the symbiont densities did not change significantly in response to the two herbicides, while the chlorophyll content increased significantly at 24 h post glufosinate exposure. SOD and CAT activities in the coral host increased significantly at 12 h after glufosinate and glyphosate exposure, while the activity of NOS in symbionts decreased significantly at 48 h after glufosinate exposure. Caspase-3 levels in the coral host declined significantly at 24 h after exposure to the two herbicides. In the transcriptomic analysis, glufosinate triggered the expression of genes related to the response to stimuli and immunoregulation in the coral host, and suppressed the expression of genes related to coral nitrogen-related metabolism, symbiont cell cycle, and response to nutrient levels. Furthermore, glyphosate activated the expression of genes involved in coral calcification and symbiont nutrient export and suppressed the expression of genes involved in coral meiosis and symbiont cell communication. These results suggest that although the coral-Symbiodiniaceae symbiosis is not disrupted, short-term glufosinate and glyphosate exposures alter several essential physiological processes including metabolism, calcification, and meiosis in the coral host, as well as the cell cycle and nutrient export in the symbiont. SUMMARY: Glufosinate and glyphosate herbicide exposures can disturb several essential physiological processes, including metabolism, calcification, and meiosis in the coral host as well as the cell cycle and nutrient export in the symbiont, threating the survival of scleractinian corals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xingzhen Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhongjie Wu
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou 571126, China
| | - Jia Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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21
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Bernardini I, Matozzo V, Valsecchi S, Peruzza L, Rovere GD, Polesello S, Iori S, Marin MG, Fabrello J, Ciscato M, Masiero L, Bonato M, Santovito G, Boffo L, Bargelloni L, Milan M, Patarnello T. The new PFAS C6O4 and its effects on marine invertebrates: First evidence of transcriptional and microbiota changes in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 152:106484. [PMID: 33740673 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is growing concern for the wide use ofperfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) because of its toxic effects on the environment and on human health. A new compound - the so called C6O4 (perfluoro ([5-methoxy-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]oxy) acetic acid) - was recently introduced as one of the alternative to traditional PFOA, however this was done without any scientific evidence of the effects of C6O4 when dispersed into the environment. Recently, the Regional Agency for the Protection of the Environment of Veneto (Italy) detected high levels of C6O4 in groundwater and in the Po river, increasing the alarm for the potential effects of this chemical into the natural environment. The present study investigates for the first time the effects of C6O4 on the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to environmental realistic concentrations of C6O4 (0.1 µg/L and 1 µg/L) for 7 and 21 days. Furthermore, in order to better understand if C6O4 is a valid and less hazardous alternative to its substitute, microbial and transcriptomic alterations were also investigated in clams exposed to 1 µg/L ofPFOA. Results indicate that C6O4 may cause significant perturbations to the digestive gland microbiota, likely determining the impairment of host physiological homeostasis. Despite chemical analyses suggest a 5 times lower accumulation potential of C604 as compared to PFOA in clam soft tissues, transcriptional analyses reveal several alterations of gene expression profile. A large part of the altered pathways, including immune response, apoptosis regulation, nervous system development, lipid metabolism and cell membrane is the same in C6O4 and PFOA exposed clams. In addition, clams exposed to C6O4 showed dose-dependent responses as well as possible narcotic or neurotoxic effects and reduced activation of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. Overall, the present study suggests that the potential risks for marine organism following environmental contamination are not reduced by replacing PFOA with C6O4. In addition, the detection of both C6O4 and PFOA into tissues of clams inhabiting the Lagoon of Venice - where there are no point sources of either compounds - recommends a similar capacity to spread throughout the environment. These results prompt the urgent need to re-evaluate the use of C6O4 as it may represent not only an environmental hazard but also a potential risk for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bernardini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Valsecchi
- Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy
| | - Luca Peruzza
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Rovere
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Stefano Polesello
- Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy
| | - Silvia Iori
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | | | - Jacopo Fabrello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Ciscato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luciano Masiero
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Bonato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Santovito
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Luca Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Massimo Milan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Tomaso Patarnello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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22
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Maddalon A, Galbiati V, Colosio C, Mandić-Rajčević S, Corsini E. Glyphosate-based herbicides: Evidence of immune-endocrine alteration. Toxicology 2021; 459:152851. [PMID: 34246717 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Glyphosate (G) is the active ingredient of the most widely used herbicide products. It targets the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), which lacks in humans, suggesting to confer a low mammalian toxicity to G-based herbicides (GBHs). Despite this, the use of G is currently under intense debate. Many studies indicating its hazard and toxicity on non-target organisms are emerging, and associations between GBHs and immune-endocrine disturbances have been described. This review aims to investigate, based on recent epidemiological studies and studies performed in vitro and in vivo in animals, the possible association between GBHs and immune-endocrine alterations. Published data suggest that GBHs have endocrine disrupting potentiality targeting sex and thyroid hormones, although its relevance for humans will require further investigations. Evidence of immunotoxicity are limited compared to those on endocrine effects, but overall highlight possible noxious effects, including lung inflammation and rhinitis. An attractive hypothesis could be the one that connects microbiota dysbiosis with possible immune-endocrine outcomes. Indeed, several intestinal microorganisms express the enzyme EPSPS and, studies are emerging that highlight a possible G-induced dysbiosis. Considering the wide use of GBHs in agriculture, further studies investigating their noxious effects at levels relevant for human exposure should be performed. A critical analysis of emerging evidence of G toxicity is required to better characterize its safety profile. In addition, attention should be paid to the differences between G alone and its formulations, which, containing substances able to increase G absorption, may present a different toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Maddalon
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Galbiati
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudio Colosio
- Occupational Health Unit, International Centre for Rural Health, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefan Mandić-Rajčević
- Occupational Health Unit, International Centre for Rural Health, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Political Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
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23
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Giambò F, Teodoro M, Costa C, Fenga C. Toxicology and Microbiota: How Do Pesticides Influence Gut Microbiota? A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115510. [PMID: 34063879 PMCID: PMC8196593 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, new targets have been included between the health outcomes induced by pesticide exposure. The gastrointestinal tract is a key physical and biological barrier and it represents a primary site of exposure to toxic agents. Recently, the intestinal microbiota has emerged as a notable factor regulating pesticides’ toxicity. However, the specific mechanisms related to this interaction are not well known. In this review, we discuss the influence of pesticide exposure on the gut microbiota, discussing the factors influencing gut microbial diversity, and we summarize the updated literature. In conclusion, more studies are needed to clarify the host–microbial relationship concerning pesticide exposure and to define new prevention interventions, such as the identification of biomarkers of mucosal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Giambò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.G.); (M.T.); (C.F.)
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.G.); (M.T.); (C.F.)
| | - Chiara Costa
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-2212052
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.G.); (M.T.); (C.F.)
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24
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Rodríguez-Gil JL, Prosser RS, Duke SO, Solomon KR. Ecotoxicology of Glyphosate, Its Formulants, and Environmental Degradation Products. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 255:129-205. [PMID: 34104986 DOI: 10.1007/398_2020_56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemical and biological properties of glyphosate are key to understanding its fate in the environment and potential risks to non-target organisms. Glyphosate is polar and water soluble and therefore does not bioaccumulate, biomagnify, or accumulate to high levels in the environment. It sorbs strongly to particles in soil and sediments and this reduces bioavailability so that exposures to non-target organisms in the environment are acute and decrease with half-lives in the order of hours to a few days. The target site for glyphosate is not known to be expressed in animals, which reduces the probability of toxicity and small risks. Technical glyphosate (acid or salts) is of low to moderate toxicity; however, when mixed with some formulants such as polyoxyethylene amines (POEAs), toxicity to aquatic animals increases about 15-fold on average. However, glyphosate and the formulants have different fates in the environment and they do not necessarily co-occur. Therefore, toxicity tests on formulated products in scenarios where they would not be used are unrealistic and of limited use for assessment of risk. Concentrations of glyphosate in surface water are generally low with minimal risk to aquatic organisms, including plants. Toxicity and risks to non-target terrestrial organisms other than plants treated directly are low and risks to terrestrial invertebrates and microbial processes in soil are very small. Formulations containing POEAs are not labeled for use over water but, because POEA rapidly partitions into sediment, risks to aquatic organisms from accidental over-sprays are reduced in shallow water bodies. We conclude that use of formulations of glyphosate under good agricultural practices presents a de minimis risk of direct and indirect adverse effects in non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Luis Rodríguez-Gil
- IISD - Experimental Lakes Area, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Ryan S Prosser
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen O Duke
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Keith R Solomon
- Centre for Toxicology, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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25
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Qiao C, Wang C, Pang R, Tian F, Han L, Guo L, Luo J, Li J, Pang T, Xie H, Fang J. Environmental behavior and influencing factors of glyphosate in peach orchard ecosystem. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111209. [PMID: 32891912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, several experiments were carried out to study the environmental behavior and influencing factors of glyphosate (PMG) in peach orchard ecosystem. The results of field experiments showed that PMG and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) were detected in peach tree leaves and peach tree fruits, although PMG was only sprayed on the soil. The residues of PMG and AMPA in peach tree leaves were ~0.1 mg/kg and ~0.5 mg/kg and in peach tree fruits were ~0.01 mg/kg and 0.07-0.11 mg/kg, respectively. By conducting a series of laboratory simulation experiments, the environmental factors affecting the degradation of PMG were screened and evaluated. The results showed that PMG metabolized much faster in loess soil than red soil and black soil (with the DT50 of 11.6 days, 62.4 days, and 34.1 days, respectively). By analyzing the basic properties of the soil, we investigated the effects of pH, moisture content, organic matter (exogenous biochar) and ambient temperature using orthogonal experiments, and the results were further confirmed by microbial experiment. The results showed that alkaline conditions (pH = 7.8/9), high water content (25%) and microorganisms could promote the degradation of PMG. Sterile soil environment had a negative impact on the metabolic behavior of PMG to AMPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengkui Qiao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Rongli Pang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Fajun Tian
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Lijun Han
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Linlin Guo
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Jun Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Tao Pang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Hanzhong Xie
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
| | - Jinbao Fang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
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