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Ray S, Vashishth R. Assessing the risk of consuming fish from Kanyakumari (Tamil Nadu), India: An evaluative study on bioaccumulated heavy metals in different fish species using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Toxicol Rep 2024; 13:101727. [PMID: 39309632 PMCID: PMC11415344 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollutants which are developing an alarming situation in the contemporary world captured attention in the present research. When it comes to food safety and security concerns it becomes an important field to be studied rigorously as food contributes majorly to human and animal health. The pollution of aquatic ecosystems by heavy metals (HMs) ultimately results in adverse effect on the food chain, which is covered in the current study. Fish is considered to be one of the main components of a balanced diet plate due to its high-quality protein, which sets it apart from other dietary sources. On the other hand, it is also susceptible to the absorption and bioaccumulation of HMs at toxic levels. In our study, we have considered three different species (Nemipterus japonicus, Oreochromis mossambicus, and Lates calcarifer) of fish collected from Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu (India). Three organs namely liver, gill, and muscle were taken into consideration for the HM profiling using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) were found to be in varied concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1.13, 0.89-1.45, 9.95-30.66, 0.14-1.62, and 24.69-189.5 µg/kg respectively, in the studied organs of fish. Carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risk assessments were also done indicating a notable level of Pb and Cr in selected fish species. The Hazard Index (HI) for Oreochromis mossambicus was >1 for adults and children, indicating future possibility of probable health hazards on daily consumption of these fish. In Oreochromis mossambicus, the cancer risk (CR) values for Cr and As were significantly high, particularly for children, indicating a possible occurrence of acute health risk as it exceeded the threshold of 1 × 10-3 and suggesting a significant concern. Though consumption of fish on daily basis in such significant quantity is practically impossible both for adult and children, rendering these species safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryapratap Ray
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Rahul Vashishth
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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Chandel M, Sharma AK, Thakur K, Sharma D, Brar B, Mahajan D, Kumari H, Pankaj PP, Kumar R. Poison in the water: Arsenic's silent assault on fish health. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:1282-1301. [PMID: 38262619 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic occurs across the world in freshwater and marine environments, menacing the survival of aquatic organisms. Organic and inorganic forms of this substance can be found, in which the inorganic form is more hazardous than the organic form. Most aquatic bodies contain inorganic arsenic species, but organic species are believed to be the dominant form of arsenic in the majority of fish. Natural and anthropogenic both are the sources of water contamination with arsenic. Its bioaccumulation and transfer from one trophic level to another in the aquatic food chain make arsenic a vital environmental issue. Continuous exposure to low concentrations of arsenic in aquatic organisms including fish leads to its bioaccumulation, which may affect organisms of higher trophic levels including large fishes or humans. Humans can be exposed to arsenic through the consumption of fish contaminated with arsenic. Hence, the present review facilitates our understanding about sources of arsenic, its bioaccumulation, food chain transfer, and its effect on the fish health. Also, "Poison in the Water: Arsenic's Silent Assault on Fish Health" serves as a wake-up call to recognize the pressing need to address arsenic contamination in water bodies. By understanding its devastating impact on fish health, we can strive to implement sustainable practices and policies that safeguard our precious aquatic environments and ensure the well-being of both wildlife and human communities that depend on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Chandel
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Amit Kumar Sharma
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Kushal Thakur
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Dixit Sharma
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Bhavna Brar
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Danish Mahajan
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Hishani Kumari
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Pranay Punj Pankaj
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
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Senevirathna K, Mahakapuge TAN, Ileperuma P, Jayawardana NU, Jayarathne L, Weerasekara R, Gamage CU, Senevirathna B, Perera U, Jayasinghe R, Kanmodi KK. Correlation between serum heavy metals and the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19029. [PMID: 39152184 PMCID: PMC11329781 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a serious public health problem in various Asian countries, including Sri Lanka, and a combination of cultural practices, lifestyle factors, and genetic predispositions influences the incidence of these cancers. The examination of the connection between exposure to heavy metals and the probability of developing oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and OSCC has been limited in its scope, and the overall consequences of such exposure remain largely unknown. This study aims to clarify the link between serum levels of heavy metals and the risk of OSCC and OPMD. The concentrations of seven heavy metals-namely, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)-were analyzed in serum samples from 60 cases and 15 controls in the Sri Lankan cohort. The Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used for the analysis. Subsequently, the data underwent statistical evaluation via the Kruskal-Wallis H test, using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28 software, with a confidence interval set at 95%. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The cohort consisted of 48 men and 27 women, with 15 patients each diagnosed with OSCC, OSF, OLK, and OLP, and 15 healthy controls. The study used the Kruskal-Wallis Test to compare metal concentrations across groups, finding significant differences for all metals except As and Pb. Significant associations were observed between age, past medical history, drug history, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, and betel chewing. The Spearman Correlation test showed significant correlations between the concentrations of Cr, Co, Cu, As, and Zn and the presence of cancer/precancer conditions. The study's findings suggest that heavy metal contamination may be linked to the development of OSCC and precancerous conditions. When comparing OSCC and OPMD cases with controls, the serum concentrations of As and Pb did not differ significantly. However, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, and Zn exhibited significantly higher concentrations among cases compared to controls (p < 0.05). This study observed significant variations in the levels of these five heavy metals among cancerous (OSCC), premalignant (OPMD), and healthy tissues, suggesting a potential role in the progression of malignancies. These findings underscore the importance of environmental pollution in this specific context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpani Senevirathna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, Badulla, Sri Lanka
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Prasanna Ileperuma
- Department of Farm Animal Production and Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Nadeeka U Jayawardana
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | | | - Bimalka Senevirathna
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sri Jayewardenepura University, Gangodawila, Sri Lanka
| | - Unil Perera
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Ruwan Jayasinghe
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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Verma A, Holeyappa SA, Bansal N, Kaur VI. Efficacy of quercetin in ameliorating hypoxia-induced hematological and histopathological alterations in rohu Labeo rohita. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1171-1187. [PMID: 38446317 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a major issue in aquatic ecosystems, in special reference to climate change, and exacerbated by anthropogenic activities. It is causing slow growth, disease outbreaks, and mortality in finfish and shellfish. Therefore, adaptation to lowering oxygen levels through supplementation of herbs or their extracts in diets is imperative. In this study, hypoxia was simulated in controlled conditions with quercetin-enriched diets. Quercetin is a plant pigment (flavonol) possessing anti-oxidant property and is present in vegetables, leaves, seeds, pulses, and fruits. The experiment was conducted on rohu Labeo rohita, which is most widely cultured in India. There were four treatments including T1 (Normoxia: > 5 ppm dissolved oxygen; DO2), T2 (hypoxia: 3-4 ppm DO2), T3 (hypoxia + 50 mg quercetin/kg diet), and T4 (hypoxia + 100 mg quercetin/kg diet). The study was conducted for 30 days, and water quality was measured regularly. The results revealed that the hematological parameters were negatively affected. The tissue micro-architecture illustrated the impairment through degeneration of neurons in the brain, increased pigmentation as melanosis in the kidney, increased thickness of primary lamellae in the gills, and dilatations of sinusoids in the liver in hypoxia groups, while quercetin-enriched diets improved the hematological and histomorphological parameters. The results confirm the utility of hematological and histopathological tools as biomarkers and reflect the possible threats of hypoxia on fish. In conclusion, quercetin in diets appeared to show resistance towards chronic hypoxia by restoring the structure and functions of the vital organs towards normalcy and could be recommended as a potential ameliorative agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Verma
- Department of Aquatic Environment, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, 141 004
| | - Shanthanagouda A Holeyappa
- Department of Aquatic Environment, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, 141 004.
- Inland Fisheries Unit, Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Navile, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India, 577 204.
| | - Neelam Bansal
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, 141 004
| | - Vaneet Inder Kaur
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, 141 004
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Zhang P, Lu G, Sun Y, Yan Z, Zhang L, Liu J. Effect of microplastics on oxytetracycline trophic transfer: Immune, gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance gene responses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134147. [PMID: 38565017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics and antibiotics are prevalent and emerging pollutants in aquatic ecosystems, but their interactions in aquatic food chains remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the impact of polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs) on oxytetracycline (OTC) trophic transfer from the shrimp (Neocaridina denticulate) to crucian carp (Carassius auratus) by metagenomic sequencing. The carrier effects of PP-MPs promoted OTC bioaccumulation and trophic transfer, which exacerbated enterocyte vacuolation and hepatocyte eosinophilic necrosis. PP-MPs enhanced the inhibitory effect of OTC on intestinal lysozyme activities and complement C3 levels in shrimp and fish, and hepatic immunoglobulin M levels in fish (p < 0.05). Co-exposure of MPs and OTC markedly increased the abundance of Actinobacteria in shrimp and Firmicutes in fish, which caused disturbances in carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism. Moreover, OTC exacerbated the enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic animals, and PP-MPs significantly increased the diversity and abundance of ARGs and facilitated the trophic transfer of teta and tetm. Our findings disclosed the impacts of PP-MPs on the mechanism of antibiotic toxicity in aquatic food chains and emphasized the importance of gut microbiota for ARGs trophic transfer, which contributed to a deeper understanding of potential risks posed by complex pollutants on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Leibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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Gogoi B, Acharjee SA, Bharali P, Sorhie V, Walling B, Alemtoshi. A critical review on the ecotoxicity of heavy metal on multispecies in global context: A bibliometric analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118280. [PMID: 38272294 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) have become a significant concern in the current era, with deleterious effects on diverse living organisms when exposed beyond threshold concentrations. Both nature and human beings have been constantly casting out HMs into environmental matrices through various activities. Innumerable cases of threatened diseases such as cancer, respiratory ailments, reproductive defects, skin diseases, and several others have been a cause of significant concern for humans as the number of instances has been increasing with each decade. HMs migrates via several pathways to infiltrate biological organisms and amass within them. Even though numerous treatment approaches are available for remediating HM pollution, however, they are expensive, along with other setbacks. Due to such constraints, combating HM contamination requires environmentally conscious strategies like bioremediation, which employs an array of biological systems to remove HMs from the environment. Nonetheless, to address the current global HM pollution situation, it is critical to comprehend not only how these hazardous HMs cause toxicity in various living organisms but also the knowledge gaps that currently exist concerning the subject of HM ecotoxicity. In the present investigation, data was extracted from Google Scholar using software program called Harzing's Publish or Perish. The collected information has been subsequently displayed as a network file using the VOSViewer software tool. Thus, the current review presents a significant insight with the inclusion of a readily accessible bibliometric analysis to comprehend the present status of HMs research, global research trends, existing knowledge discrepancies, and research challenges. Further, it also provides an in-depth review of HMs ecotoxicity, with a focus on arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb). Thus, as indicated by the bibliometric study, the present review will assist future investigators studying HMs ecotoxicity by providing baseline data concerning a wide range of living organisms and by addressing research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyudoy Gogoi
- Applied Environmental Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Nagaland University, HQ: Lumami, Zunheboto-798627, Nagaland, India
| | - Shiva Aley Acharjee
- Applied Environmental Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Nagaland University, HQ: Lumami, Zunheboto-798627, Nagaland, India
| | - Pranjal Bharali
- Applied Environmental Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Nagaland University, HQ: Lumami, Zunheboto-798627, Nagaland, India.
| | - Viphrezolie Sorhie
- Applied Environmental Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Nagaland University, HQ: Lumami, Zunheboto-798627, Nagaland, India
| | - Bendangtula Walling
- Applied Environmental Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Nagaland University, HQ: Lumami, Zunheboto-798627, Nagaland, India
| | - Alemtoshi
- Applied Environmental Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Nagaland University, HQ: Lumami, Zunheboto-798627, Nagaland, India
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Liu H, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Cao Q, Jiang J. miRNA-seq analysis of liver tissue from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in response to oxytetracycline and enzyme-treated soy protein. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101202. [PMID: 38306950 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The specific miRNA regulation triggered by enzyme-treated soybean protein in response to well-known stressors, such as the prophylactic use of the antimicrobial oxytetracycline, remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the regulatory changes of hepatic miRNAs induced by oxytetracycline and enzyme-treated soybean protein in largemouth bass dietary formulations. The experiment was designed with three groups: the normal control (NC), the oxytetracycline exposure treatment group (OTC), and the pre-treatment with enzyme-treated soybean protein before oxytetracycline exposure group (ETSP). miRNA sequencing was employed to characterize the differences between these groups. In conclusion, the NC group exhibited up-regulation of 13 host miRNAs and down-regulation of 1 miRNA compared to the OTC group, whereas the ETSP group showed an increasing trend of 36 host miRNAs and a decreasing trend of 13 host miRNAs compared to the OTC group. Nine miRNAs were identified as prudential targets for enzyme-treated soy protein, protecting the largemouth bass liver from oxytetracycline. Furthermore, gene ontology analysis revealed nine key miRNAs that mediate signaling pathways with significant differences. The cellular lipid metabolic process was identified as the most important biological process, and the propanoate metabolism pathway was highlighted as significant. These results will facilitate further exploration of the mechanism by which enzyme-treated soy protein alleviates the effects of oxytetracycline on largemouth bass in water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ju Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Quanquan Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Koomson AA, Delaney P, Khan N, Sadler KC. Sustained effects of developmental exposure to inorganic arsenic on hepatic gsto2 expression and mating success in zebrafish. Biol Open 2024; 13:bio060094. [PMID: 38446164 PMCID: PMC10941348 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The impacts of exposure to the pervasive environmental toxicant, inorganic arsenic (iAs), on human and fish health are well characterized and several lines of evidence suggest that some impacts can manifest years after exposure cessation. Using a developmental exposure protocol whereby zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0.5 and 1.5 mM iAs from 4-120 hours post fertilization (hpf) and then removed, we investigated the sustained effects of iAs on gene expression in the liver, survival, reproductive success, and susceptibility to iAs toxicity in the subsequent generation. Persistent exposure to iAs during development had substantial effects on the hepatic transcriptome, with 23% of all expressed genes significantly changed following developmental exposure. The gsto2 gene is involved in iAs metabolism and this gene was significantly downregulated in female livers 9 months after iAs was removed. Developmental exposure to 1.5 mM iAs, but not 0.5 mM, decreased survival by over 50% at 3 months of age. Adults that were developmentally exposed to 0.5 mM iAs had reduced mating success, but their offspring had no differences in observable aspects of development or their susceptibility to iAs toxicity. This demonstrates that developmental exposure of zebrafish to iAs reduces long-term survival, reproductive success and causes sustained changes to gsto2 expression in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Ama Koomson
- Program in Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Patrice Delaney
- Program in Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nouf Khan
- Program in Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kirsten C. Sadler
- Program in Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
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Sevak P, Pushkar B. Arsenic pollution cycle, toxicity and sustainable remediation technologies: A comprehensive review and bibliometric analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119504. [PMID: 37956515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic pollution and its allied impacts on health are widely reported and have gained global attention in the last few decades. Although the natural distribution of arsenic is limited, anthropogenic activities have increased its mobility to distant locations, thereby increasing the number of people affected by arsenic pollution. Arsenic has a complex biogeochemical cycle which has a significant role in pollution. Therefore, this review paper has comprehensively analysed the biogeochemical cycle of arsenic which can dictate the occurrence of arsenic pollution. Considering the toxicity and nature of arsenic, the present work has also analysed the current status of arsenic pollution around the world. It is noted that the south of Asia, West-central Africa, west of Europe and Latin America are major hot spots of arsenic pollution. Bibliometric analysis was performed by using scopus database with specific search for keywords such as arsenic pollution, health hazards to obtain the relevant data. Scopus database was searched for the period of 20 years from year 2003-2023 and total of 1839 articles were finally selected for further analysis using VOS viewer. Bibliometric analysis of arsenic pollution and its health hazards has revealed that arsenic pollution is primarily caused by anthropogenic sources and the key sources of arsenic exposure are drinking water, sea food and agricultural produces. Arsenic pollution was found to be associated with severe health hazards such as cancer and other health issues. Thus considering the severity of the issue, few sustainable remediation technologies such as adsorption using microbes, biological waste material, nanomaterial, constructed wetland, phytoremediation and microorganism bioremediation are proposed for treating arsenic pollution. These approaches are environmentally friendly and highly sustainable, thus making them suitable for the current scenario of environmental crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sevak
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, 400098, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhupendra Pushkar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, 400098, Maharashtra, India.
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Shiry N, Alavinia SJ, Impellitteri F, Alavinia SJ, Faggio C. Beyond the surface: Consequences of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) exposure on oxidative stress, haematology, genotoxicity, and histopathology in rainbow trout. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165784. [PMID: 37499819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Concerns have been raised about the possible environmental effects of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), which is widely used as a gasoline additive. This research aimed to look at the consequences of MTBE contamination on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), emphasizing oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and histopathological damage. After determining the LC50-96 h value, the effects of sub-lethal doses of MTBE (0 (control), 90, 180, and 450 ppm) on rainbow trout were investigated. In fish tissues, the levels of oxidative stress indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. The comet assay, which measures DNA damage in erythrocytes, was used to determine genotoxicity. Histopathological examinations were done on liver and gill tissues to examine potential structural anomalies. The results of this study show that MTBE exposure caused considerable alterations in rainbow trout. Increased oxidative stress was demonstrated by elevated MDA levels and decreased SOD activity, while the comet assay revealed dose-dependent DNA damage, implying genotoxic effects. Histopathological study revealed liver and gill tissue abnormalities, including cell degeneration, necrosis, and inflammation. Overall, this research highlights the possible sub-lethal effects of MTBE contamination on rainbow trout, stressing the need of resolving this issue. Future research should look at the impacts of chronic MTBE exposure and the possibility of bioaccumulation in fish populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Shiry
- Iran Fisheries Organization, Administration of Khuzestan Province, Abadan, Iran; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalil Alavinia
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran; Department of Aquatic Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Jamal Alavinia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Muzaffar I, Jabeen G, Kanwal Z, Manzoor F. Evaluation of cyto-genotoxicity biomarkers, changes in histology and antioxidant defense system of Oreochromis niloticus induced by the industrial effluents. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 104:104309. [PMID: 37924962 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic pollution mainly by industrial effluents has been a major concern since a few decades. The current study evaluated cyto-genotoxicity of industrial effluents on Oreochromis niloticus exposed to sublethal levels by hematotoxicity, blood biochemistry analysis, micronucleus assay, antioxidants and cerebral toxicity. The significant elevation in differential leukocytes of exposed fish was indicative of infections and compromised immune system. The acute and chronic industrial effluent exposure caused significant decline in aspartame transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and renal function enzymes. Necrosis, hyperplastic growth, hypertrophy and toxicant accumulation exhibited cerebral toxicity potential of industrial toxicants. A significant decrease in antioxidants, GSH, SOD and catalase (0.14, 0.66 and 1549 unit/mg protein) in chronic exposure group in comparison to 0.18, 2.83, 7680 and 6200.8 values of GSH, SOD, GPx and CAT, respectively. Results showed that acute and chronic industrial effluent exposure caused genotoxicity with higher frequencies of formation of micronuclei and cytokaryotic fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Muzaffar
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Zakia Kanwal
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farkhanda Manzoor
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
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12
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Magnoni DM, Heck MC, Gigliolli AAS, Buzo MG, Molke AS, de Syllos RS, da Motta Lima OC, Vicentini VEP. Nuclear and morpho-histopathological alterations in Astyanax altiparanae exposed to effluent from the process of anodizing aluminum. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 262:106637. [PMID: 37572499 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is a metal widely used from household utensils to civil construction. Anodizing aluminum is a procedure to form a thick layer of aluminum oxide on the surface in order to confer greater resistance to the material. This process generates an effluent with acidic pH and a high concentration of sulfate. Alternatives for the treatment of this effluent involve the use of the chemical precipitation technique, which can be used with salts of barium chloride (BaCl2), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and aluminum hydroxide with commercial limestone (Cc/Al (OH)3). The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of effluents on Astyanax altiparanae (Lambari), by means of somatic, genetic, morphological, and histological markers after 24 and 96 h of exposure. After measuring the biometric data of the animals and the weight of the liver, we found that the condition factor (K) of individuals exposed to the effluent CaCl2 showed a slight reduction in growth after 96 h while the hepatosomatic index (HSI) remained unchanged for all effluents in both sampling times. The micronucleus test with erythrocytes indicated that the raw effluent (E2) induced nuclear changes after 24 h; however, this effect did not persist after 96 h of exposure. Branchial arches were collected and according to Bernet's index for histopathology, all effluents except Cc/Al (OH)3, induced significant changes in the gills. In accordance with the index of Poleksic and Mitrovic-Tutundzic, CaCl2 was the only effluent to compromise branchial operation. The branchial morphology investigated by SEM showed that the raw effluent (E1) induced injuries and compromised gill functions. This study reinforces the importance of biological tests for the assessment and validation of physical chemicals used and effluent treatment techniques as well as the development and application of biological parameters before the wastewater release, whether in a raw state or a treated one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Marques Magnoni
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5.790, Jardim Universitario, Bloco H-67, Sala 11, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - Michele Cristina Heck
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5.790, Jardim Universitario, Bloco H-67, Sala 11, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Aparecida Sinópolis Gigliolli
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5.790, Jardim Universitario, Bloco H-67, Sala 11, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - Matheus Gimenez Buzo
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5.790, Jardim Universitario, Bloco H-67, Sala 11, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - Ariane Soares Molke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5.790, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Renan Souza de Syllos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5.790, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Veronica Elisa Pimenta Vicentini
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5.790, Jardim Universitario, Bloco H-67, Sala 11, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
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13
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Jamil Emon F, Rohani MF, Sumaiya N, Tuj Jannat MF, Akter Y, Shahjahan M, Abdul Kari Z, Tahiluddin AB, Goh KW. Bioaccumulation and Bioremediation of Heavy Metals in Fishes-A Review. TOXICS 2023; 11:510. [PMID: 37368610 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals, the most potent contaminants of the environment, are discharged into the aquatic ecosystems through the effluents of several industries, resulting in serious aquatic pollution. This type of severe heavy metal contamination in aquaculture systems has attracted great attention throughout the world. These toxic heavy metals are transmitted into the food chain through their bioaccumulation in different tissues of aquatic species and have aroused serious public health concerns. Heavy metal toxicity negatively affects the growth, reproduction, and physiology of fish, which is threatening the sustainable development of the aquaculture sector. Recently, several techniques, such as adsorption, physio-biochemical, molecular, and phytoremediation mechanisms have been successfully applied to reduce the toxicants in the environment. Microorganisms, especially several bacterial species, play a key role in this bioremediation process. In this context, the present review summarizes the bioaccumulation of different heavy metals into fishes, their toxic effects, and possible bioremediation techniques to protect the fishes from heavy metal contamination. Additionally, this paper discusses existing strategies to bioremediate heavy metals from aquatic ecosystems and the scope of genetic and molecular approaches for the effective bioremediation of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Jamil Emon
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Fazle Rohani
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Nusrat Sumaiya
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Fatema Tuj Jannat
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin Akter
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahjahan
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
- Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
| | - Albaris B Tahiluddin
- College of Fisheries, Mindanao State University-Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography, Sanga-Sanga, Bongao 7500, Philippines
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
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14
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Rachamalla M, Chinthada J, Kushwaha S, Putnala SK, Sahu C, Jena G, Niyogi S. Contemporary Comprehensive Review on Arsenic-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity and Mechanisms of Phytonutrient Intervention. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10120744. [PMID: 36548577 PMCID: PMC9784647 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a poisonous metalloid that is toxic to both humans and animals. Drinking water contamination has been linked to the development of cancer (skin, lung, urinary bladder, and liver), as well as other disorders such as diabetes and cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, and developmental damage. According to epidemiological studies, As contributes to male infertility, sexual dysfunction, poor sperm quality, and developmental consequences such as low birth weight, spontaneous abortion, and small for gestational age (SGA). Arsenic exposure negatively affected male reproductive systems by lowering testicular and accessory organ weights, and sperm counts, increasing sperm abnormalities and causing apoptotic cell death in Leydig and Sertoli cells, which resulted in decreased testosterone synthesis. Furthermore, during male reproductive toxicity, several molecular signalling pathways, such as apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy are involved. Phytonutrient intervention in arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity in various species has received a lot of attention over the years. The current review provides an in-depth summary of the available literature on arsenic-induced male toxicity, as well as therapeutic approaches and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Rachamalla
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Joshi Chinthada
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar 160062, India
| | - Sapana Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Transit Campus, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - Sravan Kumar Putnala
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Chittaranjan Sahu
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar 160062, India
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar 160062, India
| | - Som Niyogi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
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15
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Nayak S, Patnaik L. Histopathological and Biochemical Changes in the Gills of Anabas testudineus on Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Naphthalene. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2414-2431. [PMID: 36383310 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Naphthalene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is generated by various distillation, petroleum, and coal-tar production units and is used worldwide as mothballs, soil fumigants, and toilet deodorants. Considering the susceptibility of aquatic animals to different types of stressors in several water bodies, this study was carried out to evaluate the impact of naphthalene on the architecture of gill tissue including response of various enzymes like cholinesterase (ChE) activity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and lipid peroxidation (LPX) level of the freshwater fish Anabas testudineus. Activities of antioxidants like catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH) were also evaluated. Constant loss of gill structure and secondary lamellar fusion was observed in fishes exposed to various concentrations of naphthalene. ChE, LDH, LPx, CAT, Gpx and GSH activities indicated significant variation (p < 0.05) between the control and experimental groups. ChE activity was lowered in experimental fishes; however, LDH activity, LPx levels, and CAT activity were elevated in response to various concentrations of naphthalene as compared to control group. Both GPx and GSH activities decreased in the gill tissue of the experimental fishes. Thus, a conclusion was drawn that naphthalene is a potent toxicant capable of inflicting tissue damage leading to physiological changes in the exposed fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susri Nayak
- Environmental Science Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Centre of Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753008, Odisha, India
| | - Lipika Patnaik
- Environmental Science Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Centre of Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753008, Odisha, India.
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16
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Shahjahan M, Taslima K, Rahman MS, Al-Emran M, Alam SI, Faggio C. Effects of heavy metals on fish physiology - A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134519. [PMID: 35398071 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The pollution by heavy metals poses a serious threat to the aquatic environment and to the organisms if the concentration of heavy metals in the environment exceeds the safe limits. Due to their non-biodegradable and long persistence nature in the environment, heavy metals cause toxicity in fish by producing oxygen reactive species through oxidizing radical production. In this review, we investigated the effects of heavy metals on fish physiology with special emphasis on hemato-biochemical properties, immunological parameters especially hormones and enzymes, histopathology of different major organs and underlying molecular mechanisms. All those parameters are significantly affected by heavy metal exposure and are found to be important bio-monitoring tools to assess heavy metal toxicity. Hematological and biochemical alterations have been documented including cellular and nuclear abnormalities in different fish species exposed to different concentrations of heavy metals. Major fish organs (gills, liver, kidneys) including intestine, muscles showed different types of pathology specific to organs in acute and chronic exposure to different heavy metals. This study also revealed the expression of different genes involved in oxidative stress and detoxification of heavy metals. In a nutshell, this article shades light on the manipulation of fish physiology by the heavy metals and sought attention in the prevention and maintenance of aquatic environments particularly from heavy metals contaminations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahjahan
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Khanam Taslima
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Shadiqur Rahman
- Bangamata Sheikh Fojilatunnesa Mujib Science and Technology University, Melandah, Jamalpur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al-Emran
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Shanon Iffat Alam
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, S.Agata-Messina, Italy
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17
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Smith RJ, Kollus KM, Propper CR. Environmentally relevant arsenic exposure affects morphological and molecular endpoints associated with reproduction in the Western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154448. [PMID: 35307416 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) exposure, even at low environmentally relevant levels, may cause detrimental health outcomes through developmental toxicity and by acting as an endocrine disrupting compound (EDC). Although several studies indicate that wildlife bioaccumulate As, few evaluate the health impact on fish species in their natural environment. In the U.S., As has a drinking water regulatory limit of 10 μg/L. In many parts of Arizona, surface water and groundwater have naturally elevated levels of As from geologic deposits and contamination is exacerbated by anthropogenic activity. In aquatic environments, the Western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, is a good bioindicator for EDC exposure because of the distinct androgen-related development of an intromittent organ, the gonapodium, in males. We evaluated morphological and reproductive outcomes in mosquitofish exposed to As. In a laboratory experiment, juvenile male mosquitofish were exposed to sodium arsenite (0 μg/L, 0.75 μg/L, 7.50 μg/L, and 75 μg/L) for 30 days, and in a field study, populations of adult male mosquitofish were collected in Arizona waterways with As levels above and below the World Health Organization's regulatory limit. In both studies, higher As exposure was significantly associated with altered hepatosomatic indices, altered fish morphology, shortened gonopodia, and lower gonopodia-somatic indices. In the field experiment, populations from surface water with higher As concentrations exhibited lower condition factors, lower gonadal-somatic indices, distinct gonopodia shapes, and altered estrogen receptor alpha and vitellogenin gene expression; androgen receptor expression was unchanged. Together, laboratory and field results suggest that As exposure at environmentally-relevant levels affects general growth and reproductive development in mosquitofish. Observed effects may further influence individual health, mobility, or reproductive function, and because G. affinis is a species known to tolerate and adapt to a wide range of environments, it serves as a local bioindicator species as well as a model organism for parallel field and laboratory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley J Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Kalai M Kollus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Catherine R Propper
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA.
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18
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Gashkina NA, Moiseenko TI, Shuman LA, Koroleva IM. Biological responses of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.) to reduced toxic impact: Metal accumulation, haematological, immunological, and histopathological alterations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113659. [PMID: 35605328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccumulation of the main pollutants in the organs of whitefish, as well as their haematological parameters, were examined dynamically over a 40-year period in historically contaminated Lake Imandra. A quantitative histological analysis was performed to assess the physiological state of whitefish and histopathologies of organs, as well as their physiological and biochemical functions in the current period of toxic load decline. Biological reactions of whitefish from the historically contaminated area have been greatly modified in contrast to those of whitefish from the never contaminated area of the lake, and this shift persisted even after approximately 20 years of toxic load decline. First, high antioxidant status supports the body's systems, smoothing over the negative consequences of metal toxicity, phagocytosis and inflammatory reactions. Moreover, the defence mechanism of whitefish from the historically contaminated area actively uses the oxidative systems of nonspecific immunity. Second, the adaptive strategy is aimed at improving gas exchange without compensatory proliferation of gill structure, which increases their functional surface and reduces the distance to the bloodstream, as well as increasing haemoglobin in maturing erythrocytes. Third, the higher efficiency of endo- and phagocytosis was confirmed by detecting increased monocytes and macrophages in the peripheral blood and decreased melano-macrophage centres in the fish kidney. Elevated accumulation of Fe, Cu, and Se may serve a sign of liver pathology, while elevated accumulation of Zn and Co already indicates kidney pathology, which is confirmed by histopathological alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Gashkina
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin St., Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Tatyana I Moiseenko
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin St., Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Leonid A Shuman
- Tyumen State University, Lenina Street 25, 625003 Tumen, Russia.
| | - Irina M Koroleva
- Institute of the Industrial Ecology Problems of North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersmana St. 14a, 184200 Apatity, Russia.
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19
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Rodríguez-Martín D, Murciano A, Herráiz M, de Francisco P, Amaro F, Gutiérrez JC, Martín-González A, Díaz S. Arsenate and arsenite differential toxicity in Tetrahymena thermophila. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128532. [PMID: 35248958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A comparative analysis of toxicities of both arsenic forms (arsenite and arsenate) in the model eukaryotic microorganism Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) has shown the presence of various detoxification mechanisms and cellular effects comparable to those of animal cells under arsenic stress. In the wild type strain SB1969 arsenate is almost 2.5 times more toxic than arsenite. According to the concentration addition model used in binary metallic mixtures their toxicities show an additive effect. Using fluorescent assays and flow cytometry, it has been detected that As(V) generates elevated levels of ROS/RNS compared to As(III). Both produce the same levels of superoxide anion, but As(V) also causes greater increases in hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite. The mitochondrial membrane potential is affected by both As(V) and As(III), and electron microscopy has also revealed that mitochondria are the main target of both arsenic ionic forms. Fusion/fission and swelling mitochondrial and mitophagy, together with macroautophagy, vacuolization and mucocyst extruction are mainly associated to As(V) toxicity, while As(III) induces an extensive lipid metabolism dysfunction (adipotropic effect). Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of some genes encoding antioxidant proteins or enzymes has shown that glutathione and thioredoxin metabolisms are involved in the response to arsenic stress. Likewise, the function of metallothioneins seems to be crucial in arsenic detoxification processes, after using both metallothionein knockout and knockdown strains and cells overexpressing metallothionein genes from this ciliate. The analysis of the differential toxicity of As(III) and As(V) shown in this study provides cytological and molecular tools to be used as biomarkers for each of the two arsenic ionic forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rodríguez-Martín
- Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), 28130 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio Murciano
- Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Herráiz
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Francisco Amaro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Carlos Gutiérrez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Martín-González
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Silvia Díaz
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Taslima K, Al-Emran M, Rahman MS, Hasan J, Ferdous Z, Rohani MF, Shahjahan M. Impacts of heavy metals on early development, growth and reproduction of fish - A review. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:858-868. [PMID: 36561955 PMCID: PMC9764183 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals pollution causes a threat to the aquatic environment and to its inhabitants when their concentrations exceed safe limits. Heavy metals cause toxicity in fish due to their non-biodegradable properties and their long persistence in the environment. This review investigated the effects of heavy metals on early development, growth and reproduction of fish. Fish embryos/larvae and each developmental stage of embryo respond differently to the intoxication and vary from species to species, types of metals and their mode of actions, concentration of heavy metals and their exposure time. Many of the heavy metals are considered as essential nutrient elements that positively improve the growth and feed utilization of fishes but upon crossing the maximum tolerable limit these metals cause not only a hazard to fish health but also to human consumers and the disruption of ecological systems. Reduced gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity, hatching rate, fertilization success, abnormal shape of reproductive organs, and finally failure of reproduction in fish have been attributed to heavy metal toxicity. In summary, this review sheds light on the manipulation of fish physiology by heavy metals and seeks to raise sensitivity to the prevention and control of aquatic environmental contamination, particularly from heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanam Taslima
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al-Emran
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Shadiqur Rahman
- Bangamata Sheikh Fojilatunnesa Mujib Science and Technology University, Melandah, Jamalpur, Bangladesh
| | - Jabed Hasan
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Fazle Rohani
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahjahan
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
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21
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Sayadi MH, Pavlaki MD, Loureiro S, Martins R, Tyler CR, Mansouri B, Kharkan J, Shekari H. Co-exposure of zinc oxide nanoparticles and multi-layer graphenes in blackfish (Capoeta fusca): evaluation of lethal, behavioural, and histopathological effects. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:425-439. [PMID: 35089487 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02521-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and multi-layer graphenes (MLGs) are widely used, and due to the lack of appropriate wastewater treatment may end up in the aquatic environment, with unknown consequences to biota. The main purpose of this study was to assess the acute toxicity, histopathological and behavioural changes caused by the exposure of ZnO NPs and MLGs, alone and combined, to the blackfish Capoeta fusca. The estimated mean 96 h-LC50 for ZnO NPs was 4.9 mg L-1 and 68.4 mg L-1 for MLGs. In combination, MLGs increased the acute toxicity of the ZnO NPs. The effects of the different NPs on the gills included hyperplasia, aneurisms, and fusion of the lamellae. In the intestine, exposure to the NPs resulted in an increase in the number and swelling of goblet cells and tissue degeneration. Loss of balance, restlessness, erratic and abnormal swimming patterns were the most common behavioural changes seen in the ZnO NPs' exposed blackfish. In contrast with the acute toxicity findings, MLGs decreased the histopathological and behavioural effects of the ZnO NPs on both gills and intestinal tissues as well as fish behaviour. Our experimental results illustrated insights into the simultaneous exposure assessment of metal-based NPs and carbon nanomaterials, although further research is needed on the interactions exposure of these substances to interpreting the toxicological effects of metal-based nanomaterials seen in exposed organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Sayadi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran
| | - Maria D Pavlaki
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Roberto Martins
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Borhan Mansouri
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Javad Kharkan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hossein Shekari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
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22
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Holeyappa SA, Kaur A, Bansal N, Ansal MD, Patil JG, Thammegowda NB, Kaur VI, Sethi RS. Biomarker-assisted assessment of aquatic health using the cosmopolitan common carp, Cyprinus carpio (L): a case study of bisphenol-A exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:14206-14218. [PMID: 34601693 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring aquatic health from environmental pollutants is critical, none more so than bisphenol-A (BPA), a ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). The present study brings out the responses of selected transcripts, hormone levels, and tissue histomorphology in a widely distributed fish species Cyprinus carpio (Linn.), following exposure to environmentally relevant (10, 100 ng/L) and higher (1000 ng/L) concentration of BPA. The response of cyp19a1a, cyp19a1b, and c3 significantly decreased, while that of vtg increased in their respective tissue domains. The hematological parameters TEC, Hb, and Hct decreased significantly in contrast to TLC (p < 0.05) at all exposure concentrations, whereas none of the erythrocytic indices (MCV, MCH, and MCHC) was perturbed. The steroidogenic hormone levels, such as estradiol and progesterone, increased significantly with increasing BPA concentrations. In contrast, the testosterone and all the thyroid hormones (T3, T4, and TSH) were suppressed significantly (p < 0.05). At the histological level, the BPA induced chondrocyte proliferation, which was accompanied by hemorrhage of the gill lamellae, increased melanomacrophagic centers (MMCs), and degeneration of tubules and fluid accumulation in the kidney. In parallel, binucleated hepatocytes and inflammations were prominent in the liver. Collectively, the histomorphology confirmed induction of degenerative effects in all the tissues investigated, while the cyclic responses of biochemical markers suggest an ability to regulate the impacts. However, a chronic exposure could result in overriding the endemic reproductive pathways with potential population-level effects. In conclusion, the study identified multiple molecular, cellular, and physiological markers that could be employed to detect early signs of BPA and more broadly EDC exposures. These markers in combination with a wide distribution of C. carpio should allow comparative studies of pollutants at environmental concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthanagouda Admane Holeyappa
- Department of Aquatic Environment, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Bansal
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Meera D Ansal
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Jawahar G Patil
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Naveenkumar Billekallu Thammegowda
- Department of Aquatic Environment, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Vaneet Inder Kaur
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ram Saran Sethi
- College of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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23
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Kirilovsky ER, Anguiano OL, Bongiovanni GA, Ferrari A. Effects of acute arsenic exposure in two different populations of Hyalella curvispina amphipods from North Patagonia Argentina. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:71-88. [PMID: 34496719 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1975589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid present in high levels in diverse regions of Argentina. The aim of this study was to determine acute As-mediated toxicity in two different populations of autochthonous Hyalella curvispina amphipods from a reference site (LB) and an agricultural one (FO) within North Patagonia Argentina. Previously, both populations exhibited significant differences in pesticide susceptibility. Lab assays were performed to determine acute lethal concentrations, as well as some biochemical parameters. Lethal concentration (LC50) values obtained after 48 and 96 hr As exposure were not significantly different between these populations, although FO amphipods appeared slightly less susceptible. LC50-48 hr values were 3.33 and 3.92 mg/L As, while LC50-96 hr values were 1.76 and 2.14 mg/L As for LB and FO amphipods. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) values were 0.5 mg/L As. Cholinesterase (ChE) activity was significantly diminished by As acute exposure (0.5-1.5 mg/L As), indicative of a significant neurotoxic action for this metalloid in both amphipod populations. Activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) were differentially altered following As exposure. CAT activity was increased after 96 hr As exposure. GST activity and GSH levels were significantly elevated followed by either a decrease or a return to control values after 96 hr treatment. However, additional studies are necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying the As-mediated oxidative effects in H. curvispina. Our findings suggest that measurement of ChE activity in H. curvispina amphipods might serve as a useful biomarker of As exposure and effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva R Kirilovsky
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas, PROBIEN, (CONICET- UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
- Facultad De Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue (UNCo), Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Olga L Anguiano
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas, PROBIEN, (CONICET- UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
- Facultad De Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue (UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Guillermina A Bongiovanni
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas, PROBIEN, (CONICET- UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
- Facultad De Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue (UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Ana Ferrari
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas, PROBIEN, (CONICET- UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
- Facultad De Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue (UNCo), Río Negro, Argentina
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24
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Liu L, Zhou Q, Lin C, He L, Wei L. Histological alterations, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in the liver of swamp eel (Monopterus albus) acutely exposed to copper. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1865-1878. [PMID: 34564773 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-01014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is widely used as an essential trace element in diets as well as a therapeutic chemical. However, excessive Cu has deleterious effects on organisms, including teleosts. Although numerous toxic effects of Cu have been reported, the effects of Cu exposure on the swamp eel (Monopterus albus) as well as the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. In this study, swamp eels were acutely exposed to 100, 200, and 400 μg/L of Cu for 96 h to evaluate liver histopathology, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Dissolution of hepatocyte membrane, vacuolar degeneration, and inflammatory cell infiltration were detected in the livers of the Cu-treated swamp eels, especially in the 400 μg Cu/L group. Cu-induced hepatic dysfunction was further verified by the elevated activities of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and transcript levels of GOT and GPT genes. In addition, Cu exposure decreased the activities of total superoxide dismutase T-SOD and catalase (CAT) and the contents of glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and increased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Cu exposure also significantly decreased the transcript levels of glutathione synthetase (GSS) and increased the transcript levels of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) genes. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory genes such as interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-8 were significantly upregulated. These results indicate that Cu induces oxidative stress and inflammatory response and causes pathological changes in the liver of the swamp eel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiubai Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Changgao Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Li He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Suchana SA, Ahmed MS, Islam SMM, Rahman ML, Rohani MF, Ferdusi T, Ahmmad AKS, Fatema MK, Badruzzaman M, Shahjahan M. Chromium Exposure Causes Structural Aberrations of Erythrocytes, Gills, Liver, Kidney, and Genetic Damage in Striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3869-3885. [PMID: 33206307 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution due to anthropogenic activities poses a great threat to aquatic organisms. The present study was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate) on hemato-biochemical, histo-pathological, and genetical changes in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Three sub-lethal doses (0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/L) of chromium (Cr) were selected and fish were exposed in vivo contrasting with a control (0 mg/L) for 30 days. The study revealed that various hemato-biochemical parameters showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), and blood glucose content, whereas white blood cells (WBCs) significantly increased in Cr exposed fish. Frequencies of all forms of structural abnormalities of erythrocytes (erythrocytic cellular abnormalities; ECA, erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities; ENA and erythroblasts; Ebs) were significantly increased in higher two test concentrations (1.6 and 3.2 mg/L) when compared to control. Differential leucocyte count exhibited significant increase in neutrophil and decrease in lymphocytes in the highest Cr treated group. The severity of various histo-pathological changes in the gills, liver, and kidney were increased considerably with the increase of Cr concentrations. Similarly, the amount of DNA (ng/μl) decreased significantly in blood and tissues of different vital organs where the liver showed the highest decline compared to control in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken altogether, P. hypophthalmus is susceptible to Cr and can be used as a bio-indicator to assess aquatic metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajida Akter Suchana
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shaker Ahmed
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - S M Majharul Islam
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Lutfar Rahman
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
- Department of Genetics and Fish Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Fazle Rohani
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Tanzina Ferdusi
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - A K Shakur Ahmmad
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Kaniz Fatema
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Badruzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahjahan
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
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26
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Byeon E, Kang HM, Yoon C, Lee JS. Toxicity mechanisms of arsenic compounds in aquatic organisms. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 237:105901. [PMID: 34198209 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic metalloid that is widely distributed in the environment due to its persistence and accumulative properties. The occurrence, distribution, and biological effects of arsenic in aquatic environments have been extensively studied. Acute and chronic toxicities to arsenic are associated with fatal effects at the individual and molecular levels. The toxicity of arsenic in aquatic organisms depends on its speciation and concentration. In aquatic environments, inorganic arsenic is the dominant form. While trivalent arsenicals have greater toxicity compared with pentavalent arsenicals, inorganic arsenic can assume a variety of forms through biotransformation in aquatic organisms. Biotransformation mechanisms and speciation of arsenic have been studied, but few reports have addressed the relationships among speciation, toxicity, and bioavailability in biological systems. This paper reviews the modes of action of arsenic along with its toxic effects and distribution in an attempt to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of arsenic toxicity in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, South Korea
| | - Cheolho Yoon
- Ochang Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Cytogenetic, Serum Liver Enzymes and Liver Cell Pathology of the Hampala Barb Fish (Hampala macrolepidota) Affected by Toxic Elements in the Contaminated Nam Kok River Near the Sepon Gold-Copper Mine, Lao PDR. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115854. [PMID: 34072519 PMCID: PMC8197824 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine toxic element concentrations in aquatic environments, including water and sediment, and in the Hampala macrolepidota fish, and to evaluate chromosome abnormalities, serum liver enzyme changes and liver histopathological alterations in H. macrolepidota from the Nam Kok River near the Sepon gold-copper mine, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, as compared with a control area without mining activity. The results revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in As, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Se and Zn in water, in all of the studied potentially toxic elements in sediment, and in As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Se, and Zn in the fish between the study and control areas. A chromosome assessment demonstrated 6 types of chromosome abnormalities, among which centric gap had the highest total number of chromosome abnormalities. Percentage of chromosome abnormalities, percentage of cells with chromosome abnormalities and serum liver enzymes in H. macrolepidota were significantly different (p < 0.05) between the two studied areas and were higher in the contaminated fish than in the control fish. The observation of liver histopathological changes revealed cellular degeneration, such as nuclear damage, abnormal cytoplasmic mitochondria and the disintegration of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The results indicate that the contamination of potentially toxic elements in the Nam Kok River near the Sepon gold-copper mine area negatively affected chromosomes, serum liver enzymes and liver cell structures in H. macrolepidota.
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28
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Tuteja C, A H S, Hundal SS, Dhaliwal SS. Antioxidative role of dietary ascorbic acid against arsenic induced haematological, biochemical and histomorphological alterations in Cyprinus carpio. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 241:108973. [PMID: 33418080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigated the antioxidant potential of ascorbic acid to counteract arsenic induced toxic response in Cyprinus carpio. The 96 h LC50 of 107.05 mg L-1 was recorded through acute toxicity test and 1/5th and 1/10th LC50 of arsenic were chosen as sublethal concentrations for assessing toxicity induced through arsenic exposure in fish for a period of 28 days. There were six experimental groups for sublethal toxicity testing viz. negative control (basal feed), positive control (basal feed + 1 g kg-1 diet ascorbic acid), 1/5th LC50 Arsenic, 1/10th LC50 Arsenic, 1/5th LC50 Arsenic with ascorbic acid supplement, 1/10th LC50 Arsenic with ascorbic acid supplement. Following exposure, blood indices, antioxidant enzyme activity and histomorphology of gills, liver and kidney were examined. The results showed decreased total erythrocyte count, haemoglobin, haematocrit and an increased total leukocyte count upon arsenic exposure in fish with an improvement observed in the blood indices in arsenic with ascorbic acid supplementation. The study also analysed the antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase which was found to decline in response to arsenic exposure with an increase in their activity recorded in arsenic with ascorbic acid supplemented fish. Furthermore, uptake of arsenic was also found to decrease on ascorbic acid supplementation with improvement in the histoarchitecture of gills, liver and kidney of fish. Collectively, the findings of the present study suggest the effectiveness of ascorbic acid as an ameliorating agent against the deleterious effects of arsenic in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetanjyoti Tuteja
- Department of Zoology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Shanthanagouda A H
- Department of Aquatic Environment, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - S S Hundal
- Department of Zoology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - S S Dhaliwal
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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29
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Wang Y, Xiao X, Wang F, Yang Z, Yue J, Shi J, Ke F, Xie Z, Fan Y. An identified PfHMGB1 promotes microcystin-LR-induced liver injury of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111266. [PMID: 32919194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a potent hepatotoxin that can cause liver inflammation and injury. However, the mode of action of related inflammatory factors is not fully understood. PfHMGB1 is an inflammatory factor induced at the mRNA level in the liver of juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) that were intraperitoneally injected with 50 μg/kg MC-LR. The PfHMGB1 mRNA level was highest in the liver and muscle among 11 tissues examined. The full-length cDNA sequence of PfHMGB1 was cloned and overexpressed in E. coli, and the purified protein rPfHMGB1 demonstrated DNA binding affinity. Endotoxin-free rPfHMGB1 (6-150 μg/mL) also showed dose-dependent hepatotoxicity and induced inflammatory gene expression of primary hepatocytes. PfHMGB1 antibody (anti-PfHMGB1) in vitro reduced MC-LR (30 and 50 μmol/L)-induced hepatotoxicity, suggesting PfHMGB1 is important in the toxic effects of MC-LR. In vivo study showed that MC-LR upregulated PfHMGB1 protein in the liver. The anti-PfHMGB1 blocked its counterpart and reduced ALT/AST activities after MC-LR exposure. Anti-PfHMGB1 partly neutralized MC-LR-induced hepatocyte disorganization, nucleus shrinkage, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticula destruction. These findings suggest that PfHMGB1 promotes MC-LR-induced liver damage in the yellow catfish. HMGB1 may help protect catfish against widespread microcystin pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430056, China; Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China.
| | - Xiaoxue Xiao
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Feijie Wang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Zupeng Yang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Jingkai Yue
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Jiale Shi
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Fei Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhaohui Xie
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Yanru Fan
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
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30
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Effects of Contamination by Heavy Metals and Metalloids on Chromosomes, Serum Biochemistry and Histopathology of the Bonylip Barb Fish Near Sepon Gold-Copper Mine, Lao PDR. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249492. [PMID: 33352927 PMCID: PMC7766976 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to determine the concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids in water, sediment and Osteochilus vittatus fish, and to assess chromosome aberrations, serum biochemical changes and histopathological alterations in O. vittatus from the Nam Kok river near the Sepon gold-copper mine, Lao People’s Democratic Republic compared with the reference area. The results showed that Fe, Mn and Ni in water, As and Cd in sediment as well as As, Cd, Cr, Mn and Ni in O. vittatus muscle samples near the gold-copper mine exceeded standard values. Furthermore, the chromosome assessment in O. vittatus revealed seven types of chromosome aberrations, and the highest total number of chromosome aberrations was a centromere gap. The total number of chromosome aberrations, cell number with chromosome aberrations and percentage of chromosome aberrations in O. vittatus as well as serum liver enzymes between the studied areas were significantly different (p < 0.05). The liver histopathological alterations of the fish near the gold-copper mine revealed atypical cellular structures as nuclear membrane degeneration, rough endoplasmic reticulum disintegration and abnormal cytoplasmic mitochondria. The results of this study suggested that heavy metal and metalloid contaminations from the Sepon gold-copper mine area negatively affect O. vittatus fish in terms of chromosomal defects, serum biochemical changes and liver histopathological appearances.
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Sun HJ, Zhao WJ, Teng XQ, Shu SP, Li SW, Hong HC, Guan DX. Antioxidant responses and pathological changes in the gill of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after chronic exposure to arsenite at its reference dose. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110743. [PMID: 32464441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gill, as the organ of fish to contact most directly with xenobiotics, suffered more threat. To evaluate the impact of arsenite (AsIII) on the gill of fish, we measured the antioxidative responses (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities) and oxidative damage (malondialdehyde (MDA) content), histological changes and mRNA transcriptional responses of zebrafish gill, after exposure to AsIII (0, 10, 50, 100, and 150 μg L-1) solutions for 28 days. We found that AsIII increased the activities of CAT by 46%-87%, decreased the activities of SOD and the contents of MDA by 19% and 21%-32%. Furthermore, CuZnSOD and MnSOD mRNA transcription levels were also inhibited, decreasing by 62%-82% and 70%-77%. Besides, ≥ 100 μg L-1 AsIII also caused histological changes (a loss of mucus and desquamation in the surface of the epithelial cells) on zebrafish gill. These results showed that low concentrations of AsIII influenced biochemical and physiological performances of fish gill, which probably aggravates the toxic effect of AsIII on fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Teng
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China
| | - Shui-Ping Shu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China
| | - Shi-Wei Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, PR China
| | - Hua-Chang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, PR China.
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
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Edwards TM, Mosie IJ, Moore BC, Lobjoit G, Schiavone K, Bachman RE, Murray-Hudson M. Low oxygen: A (tough) way of life for Okavango fishes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235667. [PMID: 32730271 PMCID: PMC7392303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Botswana's Okavango Delta is a World Heritage Site and biodiverse wilderness. In 2016-2018, following arrival of the annual flood of rainwater from Angola's highlands, and using continuous oxygen logging, we documented profound aquatic hypoxia that persisted for 3.5 to 5 months in the river channel. Within these periods, dissolved oxygen rarely exceeded 3 mg/L and dropped below 0.5 mg/L for up to two weeks at a time. Although these dissolved oxygen levels are low enough to qualify parts of the Delta as a dead zone, the region is a biodiversity hotspot, raising the question of how fish survive. In association with the hypoxia, histological samples, collected from native Oreochromis andersonii (threespot tilapia), Coptodon rendalli (redbreast tilapia), and Oreochromis macrochir (greenhead tilapia), exhibited widespread hepatic and splenic inflammation with marked granulocyte infiltration, melanomacrophage aggregates, and ceroid and hemosiderin accumulations. It is likely that direct tissue hypoxia and polycythemia-related iron deposition caused this pathology. We propose that Okavango cichlids respond to extended natural hypoxia by increasing erythrocyte production, but with significant health costs. Our findings highlight seasonal hypoxia as an important recurring stressor, which may limit fishery resilience in the Okavango as concurrent human impacts rise. Moreover, they illustrate how fish might respond to hypoxia elsewhere in the world, where dead zones are becoming more common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea M. Edwards
- Department of Biology, University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ineelo J. Mosie
- Okavango Research Institute, University of Botswana, Maun, Botswana
| | - Brandon C. Moore
- Department of Biology, University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, United States of America
| | | | - Kelsie Schiavone
- Department of Biology, University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Robert E. Bachman
- Department of Chemistry, University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, United States of America
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Shi L, Hu X, Wang N, Liang H, Wu C, Cao H. Histopathological examination and transcriptome analyses to assess the acute toxic effects of arsenite exposure on rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:613-624. [PMID: 32385600 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02222-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is ubiquitously present in the aquatic environment. We investigated the acute toxic effects of arsenite [As(III)] exposure on rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) in vivo. The 96-h LC50 value for exposure to As(III) was 13.73 mg/L. As(III) bioaccumulation in different tissues was measured using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the extent of As(III) accumulation was, from greatest to least, liver > intestine > gills > muscle > kidney > testis > brain. Histological examination revealed that in As(III)-treated fish, numerous cellular and tissue alterations were present in the gill, liver, and intestine tissues. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy showed ultrastructural alterations in hepatocytes. We also performed transcriptome analyses to investigate As(III)-induced toxicity response in the liver of As(III)-treated fish; various oxidative-related genes were differentially expressed, and their expression levels were further validated using qPCR. This study is one of the many steps we aim to take on the way to promote the rare minnow to an international standard laboratory animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Lab of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Wuhan, 430223, China
- School of Life Sciences, Huizhou University, Huizhou, 516007, China
| | - Xudong Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nenghan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hong Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Key Lab of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Wuhan, 430223, China.
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Mumtaz F, Albeltagy RS, Diab MSM, Abdel Moneim AE, El-Habit OH. Exposure to arsenite and cadmium induces organotoxicity and miRNAs deregulation in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:17184-17193. [PMID: 32152865 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) are two prime examples of un-biodegradable compounds that accumulate in the ecosystems causing great threats to human health and produce severe adverse effects. However, their joint toxicities are poorly understood in mammals. This study aimed to identify the effect of exposure to NaAsO2 (5 mg/kg, by oral gavage) and CdCl2 (1 mg/kg injected interperitoneal, i.p.) either alone or in combinations after 14 and 28 days on oxidative stress, antioxidant enzyme activities, and histopathological changes. The results revealed a downregulation of miR-146a also, in miR-let7a after 14 days and a notable upregulation after 28 days. However, administrations of their combinations for 14 days caused downregulated miR-146a and miR-let7a. However, upregulation miR-let7a was observed only after 28 days. Organotoxicity of liver results in a remarkable increase in oxidative stress biomarkers by the two metals either alone or in combinations. A remarkable decrease was noted in an antioxidant enzyme activity indicating a defect in the antioxidant defense system. Also, CdCl2 alone showed remarkable liver histopathological changes. This study concluded that there was a close relationship of high epigenetic changes as deregulation of both miR-146a and miR-let7a as a result of the joint toxicity of both compounds, and ultimately major changes in hepatic tissues that may lead to cell transformations. However, further studies are needed to investigate the target genes for those miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Mumtaz
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha S Albeltagy
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa S M Diab
- Molecular Drug Evaluation Department, National Organization for Drug Control & Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ola H El-Habit
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Weber AA, Sales CF, de Souza Faria F, Melo RMC, Bazzoli N, Rizzo E. Effects of metal contamination on liver in two fish species from a highly impacted neotropical river: A case study of the Fundão dam, Brazil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110165. [PMID: 31918258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental disasters such as the rupturing of mine tailings dams are a major concern worldwide. In the present study, we assess the effects of the release of mine waste due to the rupture of the Fundão dam on two native fish species (Hoplias intermedius and Hypostomus affinis) from the Doce River basin. Two sampling sites were chosen: S1, a reference site, and S2, contaminated by mining waste. Water and sediment were collected to evaluate metals concentration. Adult fish were caught to analyse biological parameters, hepatic histopathology, and biomarkers of metal contamination. Compared to site S1, the concentration of manganese was statistically higher in water while lead, nickel, and arsenic were statistically higher in the sediment from site S2, and iron had no significant difference between sites. At site S1, fish of both species presented hepatic tissue with normal architecture. At site S2, hepatic alterations, such as cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis were frequently found in both species. Regarding the histopathological index, higher values were found in both species from site S2. The positive antibody reactions for cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) and metallothionein (MT) were statistically greater in site S2 for both species. The oxidative stress biomarkers, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were statistically higher in H. intermedius from site S2, but only CAT was statistically greater in H. affinis at site S2. These results demonstrate that the release of mineral residues from the rupture of the Samarco mine dam is provoking hepatic damage in the fish from the Doce River besides inducing the expression of proteins and enzymes related to metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Alberto Weber
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila Ferreira Sales
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Souza Faria
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Magno Costa Melo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nilo Bazzoli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte, 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elizete Rizzo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Jiao Y, Tao Y, Yang Y, Diogene T, Yu H, He Z, Han W, Chen Z, Wu P, Zhang Y. Monobutyl phthalate (MBP) can dysregulate the antioxidant system and induce apoptosis of zebrafish liver. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113517. [PMID: 31761585 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the acute toxicity of monobutyl phthalate (MBP), the main hydrolysis product of dibutyl phthalate, on adult zebrafish liver antioxidant system was studied. Compared the toxicity effect of MBP and DBP by histopathology and apoptosis experiments, we speculated that the toxic effects of DBP on animals may be caused by its metabolite MBP. The results indicated that the antioxidant Nrf2-Keap1 pathway was insufficient to resist MBP-induced hepatotoxicity and led to an imbalance of membrane ion homeostasis and liver damage. Decreased cell viability, significant tissue lesions and early hepatocyte apoptosis were observed in the zebrafish liver in MBP exposure at high concentration (10 mg/L). The activities of antioxidant enzymes and ATPases in zebrafish liver were inhibited with increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) calculation results indicated that MBP mainly inhibited catalase (CAT) activity. Simultaneously, the expression of antioxidant-related genes (SOD, CAT, GPx, Nrf2, HO-1) was down-regulated, while apoptosis-related genes (p53, bax, cas3) were significantly up-regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Jiao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yue Tao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Tuyiringire Diogene
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Hui Yu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Ziqing He
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Wei Han
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Zhaobo Chen
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Pan Wu
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Calado SLDM, Vicentini M, Santos GS, Pelanda A, Santos H, Coral LA, Magalhães VDF, Mela M, Cestari MM, Silva de Assis HC. Sublethal effects of microcystin-LR in the exposure and depuration time in a neotropical fish: Multibiomarker approach. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 183:109527. [PMID: 31400723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is an ecological process that results in cyanobacterial blooms. Microcystin-LR is the most toxic variant of microcystins and may cause toxic effects in the organisms, mainly in hepatic tissues. The aims of this study were to use multiple biomarkers in order to evaluate the sublethal effects of a low concentration of MC-LR (1 μg/L) in fish Geophagus brasiliensis by waterborne exposure; and evaluate the depuration of this toxin during 15 days. A group of 30 fish was exposed to 1 μg/L of MC-LR solution for 96 h in a static bioassay. After this time, blood, brain, muscle, liver, gonad and gills were collected from half of the exposed fish group in order to evaluate chemical, biochemical, histological and genotoxic biomarkers. The rest of the fish group was submitted to the depuration experiment with free MC-LR water for 15 days. After this time the same tissues were collected and evaluated using biomarkers analysis. Toxic effects were found mostly in the fish liver from depuration time as alterations on the antioxidant system and histopathologies. The results showed that even low concentrations can cause sublethal effects to aquatic organisms, and cyanotoxins monitoring and regulation tools are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Loise de Morais Calado
- Ecology and Conservation Program Post-Graduation, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-990, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Maiara Vicentini
- Ecology and Conservation Program Post-Graduation, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-990, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Souza Santos
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-990, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Ana Pelanda
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-990, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Hayanna Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-990, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Lucila Andriani Coral
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal Technical University of Paraná, 81280-340, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | | | - Maritana Mela
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-990, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Marta Margarete Cestari
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-990, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
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Sun HJ, Zhang JY, Wang Q, Zhu E, Chen W, Lin H, Chen J, Hong H. Environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenite induces developmental toxicity and oxidative responses in the early life stage of zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:113022. [PMID: 31408795 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) present in water is a nonignorable environmental issue, even at low concentrations (≤150 μg L-1). To evaluate the toxic effect of low concentrations of As, zebrafish at early life stage were exposed to 0, 25, 50, 75, or 150 μg L-1 AsIII for 120 h. Our results indicated that low concentration of AsIII decreased zebrafish larvae's survival rate to 85%, 89% and 86% at 50, 75 and 150 μg L-1. Furthermore, low concentrations of AsIII exposure caused oxidative stress (elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and influenced the mRNA transcriptional levels of Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD) and damage (increased malondialdehyde levels). Meanwhile, zebrafish larvae regulated the mRNA transcription of metallothionein and heat shock protein 70 to alleviate toxicity caused by AsIII. These results revealed lower concentrations (≤150 μg L-1) of AsIII had a detriment effect on the survival of fish at early life stage, moreover, oxidative stress caused by AsIII posed potential risk for the zebrafish. This study provides novel insight into low concentration AsIII-induced toxicity in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Jing-Ying Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Engao Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Wenrong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Jianrong Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Huachang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Nunes B, Correia AT. Histopathological effects of the antibiotic erythromycin on the freshwater fish species Oncorhynchus mykiss. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 181:1-10. [PMID: 31154114 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are found in the aquatic compartment due to their continuous release in wastewater effluents or direct dispersal in aquaculture practices raising serious threats to human and environmental health. Erythromycin (ERY) is a macrolide antibiotic widely prescribed in human and veterinary medicine to threat a number of bacterial infections, being consequently found in the aquatic environment. The present work intends to evaluate the sub-lethal effects of ERY on juveniles of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in terms of tissue damage using histochemical staining procedures. Individuals were exposed for 96 h (acute exposure: 0.001-10 mg/L) and 28 days (chronic exposure: 0.05-0.8 μg/L) to environmentally realistic concentrations of ERY. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to assess O. mykiss gills and liver tissue alterations after exposure to ERY. For both exposures the most common gill changes recorded were progressive (e.g. hypertrophy of mucous cells and hyperplasia of the epithelial cells). However, circulatory (e.g. aneurysms and oedemas) and regressive (e.g. epithelial lifting of lamellae and lamellar fusion) changes were also observed in the acute assay. Gill morphometric analysis revealed to be a good indicator of subtle alterations in gill architecture in agreement with the qualitative scoring system. In liver, regressive (e.g. cytoplasmic vacuolization, pyknotic nucleus and hepatocellular degeneration) and circulatory disturbances (e.g. hemorrhage and increase of sinusoidal space) were the most frequently observed alterations, but only for the acute assay. Furthermore, all histological changes observed contributed to a significant increase in the pathological index for both organs. The current data demonstrate the existence of a direct dose-effect relationship between the exposure to this specific macrolide antibiotic and the histological disorders recorded in different tissues of the exposed fish. The histopathological findings observed in this study may have been the result of several physio-metabolic dysfunctions. However, the observed tissue lesions were of minimal or moderate pathological importance, non-specific and reversible. Further investigation into the cellular mechanism of action of ERY is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sara Cristina Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alberto Teodorico Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal.
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40
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Kumar N, Gupta SK, Bhushan S, Singh NP. Impacts of acute toxicity of arsenic (III) alone and with high temperature on stress biomarkers, immunological status and cellular metabolism in fish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 214:105233. [PMID: 31301545 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The water bodies are greatly influenced by heavy metal contamination and global increasing temperature. Arsenic (As) is one of the most dangerous widespread pollutants that pose health threats to human, animals and fishes. Considering the above, the study has been carried out to delineate 96 h median lethal concentration of arsenic alone and in combination with high temperature (As-T, 34 °C) by conducting static non-renewable bio-assay acute toxicity in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (average weight 6.25 ± 0.69 g, length 5.32 cm). Effect of definitive doses such as 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30 mg/L of As alone and in combination with high temperature (As-T) were evaluated on stress biomarkers and cellular metabolism of P. hypophthalmus. The lethal concentration (96 h LC50) of As alone and in combination with high temperature was found to be 28.16 mg/L and 26.88 mg/L, respectively. The stress biomarkers in terms of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) in liver, gill, brain and kidney, blood glucose and NBT were remarkable higher (p < 0.01) in comparison to unexposed group (control group). Brain neurotransmitter enzyme, AChE, immunological status (blood glucose and NBT) and cellular metabolic enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase LDH, malate dehydrogenase MDH, aspartate aminotransferase AST, and alanine aminotransferase ALT, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase G6PDH and ATPase) were noticeably (p < 0.01) altered by As and As-T exposure. The histopathological study exhibited devastating changes with exposure to As and As-T such as bile stagnation, hepatocyte with irregular nucleus, eosinophilic granules in the cytoplasm, necrosis, and nuclear hypertrophy in liver and curling of secondary lamellae, hypertrophy of lamellar epithelium, blood congestion, incomplete fusion of secondary lamellae, complete fusion of several lamellae and aneurysm in gill. Overall results clearly indicate that acute exposure of As and high temperature led to pronounced deleterious alterations on stress biomarkers and cellular and metabolic activities of P. hypophthalmus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune, 413 115, India.
| | - Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 010, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Narendra Pratap Singh
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune, 413 115, India
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41
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Hemalatha D, Nataraj B, Rangasamy B, Shobana C, Ramesh M. DNA damage and physiological responses in an Indian major carp Labeo rohita exposed to an antimicrobial agent triclosan. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:1463-1484. [PMID: 31222661 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of triclosan (TCS) in an Indian major carp Labeo rohita. The 96-h LC50 value of triclosan to L. rohita was found to be 0.39 mg L-1. Fish were exposed to two sublethal concentrations (0.039 mg L-1, treatment I and 0.078 mg L-1, treatment II) of TCS for 35 days, and certain hematobiochemical, antioxidant, histopathological responses were measured. Compared to the control group, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the values and genotoxicity of hematological parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), and erythrocyte (RBC) in TCS-exposed fish, but the values of leucocyte count (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were found to be increased. A biphasic response in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) value was observed during the study period (35 days). Significant (p < 0.05) alterations in plasma biochemical parameters (glucose and protein), electrolytes (Na+, K+, and Cl-), and transaminases (GOT and GPT) were observed in fish treated with TCS in both treatments. Gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity was found to be decreased in fish treated with TCS in both treatments. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant index levels have also fluctuated in all the tissues (gill, liver, and kidney). The histological lesions were comparatively more severe in the gill than the liver and kidney. Comet assay showed DNA damage on exposure at two sublethal concentrations. The present results suggest that TCS is highly toxic to fish even at sublethal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan Hemalatha
- Department of Zoology, PSG Arts and Science College, Avinashi Road, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641014, India
| | - Bojan Nataraj
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Basuvannan Rangasamy
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Department of Zoology, PSG Arts and Science College, Avinashi Road, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641014, India.
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Kaur R, Kaur A, Kaur K. Ultra-morphology of the scale as an indicator of the stress of Acid Black-1 (AB-1, CI: 20470) and zinc (Zn). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:17121-17134. [PMID: 31001774 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05067-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High contents of azo dyes and heavy metals enter surface waters with the wastewater from dying and dye-manufacturing industries and pose serious threat to fish. In the present study, changes in the ultra-morphological features of the scale have been evaluated as indicators of the stress of lethal and sublethal concentrations of an azo dye Acid Black-1 (AB-1, CI 20470), zinc (Zn), and their mixture AB-1 + Zn to Labeo rohita. Fish were exposed for 96 h to lethal concentration (LC) causing 0-70% mortality, i.e., LC0, LC20, LC50, and LC70 of AB-1 (4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/L respectively) and Zn (25, 50, 55, and 60 mg/L respectively) and LC0, LC50, and LC70 of AB-1 + Zn (2 + 15, 2 + 20, and 2 + 25 mg/L respectively). Subchronic exposures of 150 days were given to 1/12, 1/6, and 1/3 of 96 h LC50 values of AB-1, Zn, and AB-1 + Zn. After each exposure, the fish were kept for a recovery period of 90 days. Breakage of circuli, erosion and breakage of lepidonts, uprooting of tubercles, and disappearance of intercircular teeth were observed in all the fish, after 96 h exposure to AB-1, Zn, and AB-1 + Zn. However, damage to focus and holes were common on the scales of Zn-exposed fish. The mixture AB-1 + Zn was more toxic than either of the two as loss of circuli, lepidonts, and intercircular teeth, and sloughing of surface were observed in the scales after 96 h exposure to 2 + 25 mg/L. Damage at this concentration was more than the damage at 8/10 mg/L AB-1 and 55/60 mg/L Zn. After 150 days of exposure, damage due to sublethal concentrations was more than the damage due to all the concentrations of 96 h exposure. Irregular and sloughed circuli were common at 2 + 1.79 and 2 + 3.59 mg/L AB-1 + Zn. Cracks all over the surface (2 + 7.18 mg/L), calcium projections (2 + 3.59 and 2 + 7.18 mg/L), and holes (2 + 7.18 mg/L) hint towards synergistic toxicity of the mixture. It seems that the present dye and metal formed complexes with collagen and osteoblastic cells of the scale that caused an increase in damage during the post-exposure period. Scales of 2 + 7.18 mg/L AB-1 + Zn exposed fish were completely devoid of the normal architectural pattern on the 90th day of the recovery period. Changes in the ultra-morphology of scales at LC0 (0% mortality) and sublethal concentrations show that these are early indicators of the stress of minute quantities of dyes and metals in water. This is a first report on the cumulative toxicity of the two most abundant components of textile industry effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Arvinder Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, 143002, India
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Alexander TC, Han FX, Arslan Z, Tchounwou PB. Toxicity of As in Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) from the Northern Gulf of Mexico at the presence of Zn and its antioxidant defense mechanisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:514-522. [PMID: 30743167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as the free radicals (e.g. hydroxyl, nitric acid, superoxide) cause damage to lipids, proteins and DNA. Increased production of ROS occurs from pollution. Process of removal or neutralization of ROS is achieved through antioxidants enzyme defense systems and provide homeostasis within biological systems. Aerobic organisms have complex antioxidant systems using enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants to prevent overproduction of ROS. This study examined the toxic effects of arsenic and zinc on Eastern oysters, their interaction and resulting enzymatic responses. Cellular damage as indicated with lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defensive enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione peroxidase, GPX and catalase, CAT) were measured in the hepatopancreas of Eastern oysters exposed to single and combined treatments of arsenic and zinc for 30 days. The results showed either arsenic or zinc exposure significantly increased the lipid peroxidation and triggered antioxidant defenses. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPX and CAT) were markedly elevated upon expose of As or Zn. However, at the presence of Zn, As toxicity expressed as lipid oxidation significantly decreased as well as accordingly decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes. This revealed that the presence of Zn showed a significantly antagonistic effect on arsenic toxicity in Eastern oysters from Northern Gulf of Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turquoise C Alexander
- Environmental Science Ph.D. program, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Fengxiang X Han
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, United States.
| | - Zikri Arslan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, United States
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- Environmental Science Ph.D. program, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, Jackson, MS, United States
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Nunes B, Correia AT. Histopathological effects in gills and liver of Sparus aurata following acute and chronic exposures to erythromycin and oxytetracycline. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:15481-15495. [PMID: 30937749 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to their worldwide use and environmental persistence, antibiotics are frequently detected in various aquatic compartments. Their toxic properties raise environmental concerns to non-target organisms. Histopathology data is frequently applied in ecotoxicology studies to assess the effects of different classes of environmental stressors in fish, including antibiotics. Tissue alterations in gills and liver of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) individuals acutely (96 h) and chronically (28 days) exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of the antibiotics erythromycin (ERY: 0.0002-200 μg/L) and oxytetracycline (OTC: 0.0004-400 μg/L), including a control non-exposed group, were evaluated. Several disorders (circulatory, regressive, progressive, and inflammatory) were observed in both organs of all exposed animals. The hereby obtained data showed a higher and significant increase in gill histopathological index of organisms acutely exposed to ERY and of those chronically exposed to OTC. In terms of categorical lesions, only a significant increase of regressive and progressive alterations occurred in gills after chronic exposure to OTC. For the liver, a significant increase in pathological index was also detected, as well as regressive changes, after chronic exposure to OTC. Furthermore, the present study indicates that most of the changes observed in gills and liver were of mild to moderate severity, which might be adaptive or protective, non-specific, and mostly reversible. Despite being observed, irreversible lesions were not significant in any of the fish organs analyzed. Although there were histological changes, gill apparatus was considered still functionally normal, as well as liver tissue, not supporting the occurrence of severe toxicity. In general, the observed histological changes were not stressor-specific, and toxicological mechanistic explanations for the alterations observed in gills and liver are presented. The obtained data showed that histopathological biomarkers can be successfully applied in ecotoxicological studies, evidencing their relevance, responsivity, and complementarity to other biochemical biomarker-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sara C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alberto Teodorico Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal.
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Zambrano MJ, Rautenberg GE, Bonifacio AF, Filippi I, Amé MV, Bonansea RI, Hued AC. Effects of water quality on aspects of reproductive biology of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:10-21. [PMID: 30015114 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Suquía River basin (Córdoba, Argentina) is under a strong negative impact due to multiple sources of anthropic pollution. The main goal of our study was to evaluate if variations in the water quality of Suquía river basin affect the reproductive biology of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus and determine if the responses provided by the species can be considered as biomarkers of river quality. This assessment was performed through the measurement of morphological, histological and somatic parameters in adult males collected at four sampling sites during the beginning and the end of the breeding season. The water quality evaluation carried out through the estimation of a water quality index (WQI) and pesticides concentrations in water, revealed a pollution gradient along the studied basin. The same variation pattern was registered for the somatic index. In addition, the analysis of the morphology of the male copulatory organ (gonopodium) showed that individuals collected at Córdoba city had the lowest Gonopodium-Somatic Index (Gonop-SI) value, while those sampled at the most polluted site showed abnormalities in the small structures of the gonopodium. On the other hand, few histological alterations were found in the liver whereas no alterations were found in gonads along the river. The results obtained allowed us to characterize the environmental conditions of the studied basin and demonstrated the water quality deterioration along the Suquía River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Jimena Zambrano
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Diversidad Animal II, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina; CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina
| | - Gisela Evelín Rautenberg
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Diversidad Animal II, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina; CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina
| | - Alejo Fabian Bonifacio
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Diversidad Animal II, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina; CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina
| | - Iohanna Filippi
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dto. Bioquímica Clínica, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina
| | - María Valeria Amé
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dto. Bioquímica Clínica, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina
| | - Rocío Inés Bonansea
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dto. Bioquímica Clínica, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina
| | - Andrea Cecilia Hued
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Diversidad Animal II, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina; CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba CP 5000, Argentina.
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Coelho MPM, Correia JE, Vasques LI, Marcato ACDC, Guedes TDA, Soto MA, Basso JB, Kiang C, Fontanetti CS. Toxicity evaluation of leached of sugarcane vinasse: Histopathology and immunostaining of cellular stress protein. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 165:367-375. [PMID: 30216895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane vinasse is a residue generated at a rate fifteen times greater than the ethanol production. Because of its high organic and micronutrient content, this residue is used as a fertilizer on sugarcane crops. However, when used in large quantities, vinasse can saturate the soil and contaminate nearby water resources by percolation and leaching. Given the proven toxic potential of in natura vinasse, the present study aimed to evaluate the toxic potential of leached sugarcane vinasse using Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a test organism. A bioassay was performed after vinasse percolation in laboratory soil columns. The bioassay included one control group containing fresh water and two treatment groups, the first exposed to a 2,5% dilution of leached of vinasse and the second to a 2,5% dilution of in natura vinasse. After exposure, histopathological analysis was performed in gills and livers, and the latter were labelled for HSP70 proteins. No significant changes were detected in the gills of the exposed fish. However, in the liver, both in natura and leached vinasse induced statistically significant histopathological changes. These changes include hydropic degeneration, cell boundary losses, pyknotic nuclei and cellular disorganization. HSP70 expression significant increase in liver of both treatment groups were observed, being higher for the in natura vinasse exposed group. Results suggested that both leached vinasse and in natura vinasse were toxic, its still able to provoke histological changes and induce the cytoprotective response in exposed fish liver, evidenced by a immunostaining of cellular stress proteins. Thus, in order to reduce its environmental impact, appropriated effluent disposal is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paula Mancini Coelho
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IB (Instituto de Biociências), Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Evangelista Correia
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IB (Instituto de Biociências), Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Louise Idalgo Vasques
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IB (Instituto de Biociências), Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia de Castro Marcato
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IB (Instituto de Biociências), Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thays de Andrade Guedes
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IB (Instituto de Biociências), Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel Alfaro Soto
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), IGCE (Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas), Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Broggio Basso
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), IGCE (Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas), Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chang Kiang
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), IGCE (Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas), Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmem Silvia Fontanetti
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, IB (Instituto de Biociências), Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Rangasamy B, Hemalatha D, Shobana C, Nataraj B, Ramesh M. Developmental toxicity and biological responses of zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:423-433. [PMID: 30243208 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ketoprofen a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) is widely used in over-the-counter to treat pain, swelling and inflammation. Due to extensive application these drugs has been detected in surface waters which may create a risk to aquatic organisms. The aim of the present study is to assess the ecotoxicity of ketoprofen at different concentrations (1, 10 and 100 μg/ml) on embryos and adult zebrafish (1, 10 and 100 μg L-1) under laboratory conditions. In embryos, concentration dependent developmental changes such as edema, spinal curvature, slow heartbeat, delayed hatching, and mortality rate were observed. In adult zebrafish, biochemical enzymes such as AST, ALT and LDH activities were significantly (P < 0.05) increased whereas a decrease in Na+/K+-ATPase activity was noticed in all the tested concentrations of the drug ketoprofen. Similarly, exposure of ketoprofen caused a significant decrease in antioxidant levels in liver tissue (SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx, and GST). However, lipid peroxidation (LPO) level in liver tissue was found to be increased. The histopathological studies further evidenced the impact of ketoprofen in the liver tissue of zebrafish. The present result concludes that ketoprofen could have an impact on the development and biological endpoints of the zebra fish at above concentrations. The malformation in the development of the embryo and changes in the biological end points may provide integrated evaluation of the toxic effect of ketoprofen on zebrafish in a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basuvannan Rangasamy
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devan Hemalatha
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bojan Nataraj
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Bandeira CM, de Almeida AÁ, Carta CFL, Almeida AA, de Figueiredo FAT, Sandrim VC, Gonçalves AJ, Almeida JD. Tobacco influence in heavy metals levels in head and neck cancer cases. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:27650-27656. [PMID: 30056540 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals intoxication is known to be risk factors for various diseases, including cancer. These metals may be presented in food and soil as well as in leaf and tobacco smoke. The aim of this study was to correlate the exposure to heavy metals stemming from tobacco and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma carcinogenesis. Analysis of lead, copper, manganese, arsenic, chromium, and cadmium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry was performed in whole blood samples from 91 patients: 68 smokers with oral cavity, pharynx, or laryngeal cancer; 8 non-smokers with oral or larynx cancer; and 15 non-cancer smokers with tobacco-related diseases (control group). No differences were found in metals quantifications, except a significant difference was observed (p = 0.0223) with higher mean in copper levels for non-smokers with cancer. The present study concluded, for the groups evaluated, it was not possible to prove the relationship between the studied metals in the development of the neoplasm. On the other hand, the results of copper demonstrated a correlation with smokers with cancer and lower levels of circulating copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Muller Bandeira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo 777, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Ávila de Almeida
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo 777, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alaor Aparecido Almeida
- Center of Toxicological Assistance (CEATOX), Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Fellipe Augusto Tocchini de Figueiredo
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo 777, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Valeria Cristina Sandrim
- Department of Pharmacology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio José Gonçalves
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Sciences College, Irmandade daSanta Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo (ISCMSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo 777, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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Sadaf N, Kumar N, Ali M, Ali V, Bimal S, Haque R. Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of human liver cancer cells. Life Sci 2018; 205:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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50
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da Silva Souza T, de Souza VV, Lascola MB. Assessment of surface water using Allium cepa test and histological analysis in Rhamdia quelen. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:420. [PMID: 29934915 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6795-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic potentials of water samples collected in the Alegre River Basin, located in a predominantly rural area with no sewage treatment facilities in the Espírito Santo State, Brazil, using Allium cepa test. Also, gills and liver of Rhamdia quelen, a common fish species of the region, were histologically analyzed. A semi-quantitative analysis was performed and a histopathological alterations index (HAI) was determined. Our findings indicated that the waters of this river basin were cytotoxic (mitotic index reduction) and/or genotoxic (chromosomal abnormalities induction). Mutagenicity (micronuclei induction) was not observed for any water sample. The values for HAI showed that the waters caused moderate histological alterations in R. quelen. Liver was more sensitive than gills. It is necessary to implement a sewage treatment system and raise awareness on inappropriate management and disposal of agrochemicals in order to allow the recovery of Alegre River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana da Silva Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Rua Alto Universitário, s/número, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29500-000, Brasil.
| | - Victor Ventura de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Rua Alto Universitário, s/número, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29500-000, Brasil
| | - Mylena Boeque Lascola
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Rua Alto Universitário, s/número, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29500-000, Brasil
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