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Abdelhameed RE, Abdalla H, Ibrahim MA. Unique properties of titanium dioxide quantum dots assisted regulation of growth and biochemical parameters of Hibiscus sabdariffa plants. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:112. [PMID: 38365586 PMCID: PMC10870679 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Owing to the uniqueness of quantum dots (QDs) as a potential nanomaterial for agricultural application, hence in the present study, titanium dioxide quantum dots (TiO2 QDs) were successfully synthesized via sol-gel technique and the physico-chemical properties of the prepared TiO2 QDs were analyzed. Based on the results, the TiO2 QDs showed the presence of anatase phase of TiO2. TEM examination revealed spherical QDs morphology with an average size of 7.69 ± 1.22 nm. The large zeta potential value (-20.9 ± 2.3 mV) indicate greater stability of the prepared TiO2 QDs in aqueous solutions. Moreover, in this work, the application of TiO2 QDs on Hibiscus sabdariffa plants was conducted, where H. sabdariffa plants were foliar sprayed twice a week in the early morning with different concentrations of TiO2 QDs (0, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 30 ppm) to evaluate their influence on these plants in terms of morphological indexes and biochemical parameters. The results exhibited an increasing impact of the different used concentrations of TiO2 QDs on morphological indexes, such as fresh weight, dry weight, shoot length, root length, and leaf number, and physio-biochemical parameters like chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid contents, total pigments and total phenolic contents. Remarkably, the most prominent result was recorded at 15 ppm TiO2 QDs where plant height, total protein and enzymatic antioxidants like catalase and peroxidase were noted to increase by 47.6, 20.5, 29.5 and 38.3%, respectively compared to control. Therefore, foliar spraying with TiO2 QDs positively serves as an effective strategy for inducing optimistic effects in H. sabdariffa plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda E Abdelhameed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharqia, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Hanan Abdalla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharqia, 44519, Egypt
| | - Manar A Ibrahim
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharqia, 44519, Egypt
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Zhi X, Sun Y, Cai F, Wang S, Gao H, Wu F, Zhang L, Shen Z. Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL)-Triggered Double-Lock Probe for Spatiotemporal Lipoprotein Oxidation and Atherosclerotic Plaque Imaging. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301595. [PMID: 37557912 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), especially oxidative modified LDL (Ox-LDL), is the key risk factor for plaque accumulation and the development of cardiovascular disease. Herein, a highly specific Ox-LDL-triggered fluorogenic-colorimetric probe Pro-P1 is developed for visualizing the oxidation and aggregation progress of lipoproteins and plaque. A series of green fluorescent protein chromophores with modified donor-acceptor structures, containing carbazole as an electron donor and various substituents including pyridine-vinyl (P1), phenol-vinyl (P2), N, N-dimethylaniline-vinyl (P3), and thiophene-vinyl (P4), have been synthesized and evaluated. Emission spectroscopy and theoretical calculations of P1-P4 indicate that P1 shows enhanced green fluorescence (λem = 560 nm) by inhibiting its twisted intramolecular charge transfer in the presence of Ox-LDL. This feature allows the selection of P1 as a sensitive probe to directly visualize ferroptosis and Cu2+ -mediated LDL oxidative aggregation via in situ formation of fluorophore-bound Ox-LDL in living cells. The red-emissive probe Pro-P1 (λem = 660 nm) is prepared via borate protection of P1, which can be cleaved into P1 under high expression of HOCl and Ox-LDL condition at the lesion site, resulting in enhanced green emission. The plaque area and size with clear boundaries can be delineated by colorimetric fluorescence imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging with precise differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yufen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fangjian Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sisi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Ravi S, Duraisamy P, Krishnan M, Martin LC, Manikandan B, Ramar M. Sitosterol-rich Digera muricata against 7-ketocholesterol and lipopolysaccharide-mediated atherogenic responses by modulating NF-ΚB/iNOS signalling pathway in macrophages. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:331. [PMID: 37670802 PMCID: PMC10475456 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03741-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Digera muricata L., commonly known as Tartara, is an edible herb used as traditional medicine in many countries of Africa and Asia. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of a phytosterol-rich extract of D. muricata on 7-ketocholesterol-mediated atherosclerosis in macrophages. The extract was examined by phytochemical analyses, GC-MS, TLC, DPPH scavenging and hRBC membrane stabilization assays. Macrophage polarization was studied with experimental groups framed based on alamar blue cell viability and griess assays. Regulations of arginase enzyme activity, ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell membrane integrity, pinocytosis, lipid uptake and peroxidation, as well as, intracellular calcium deposition were determined. In addition, expressions of atherogenic mediators were analysed using PCR, ELISA and immunocytochemistry techniques. Diverse phytochemicals with higher free radical scavenging activity and anti-inflammatory potential have been detected in the D. muricata. Co-treatment with D. muricata markedly reduced the atherogenic responses induced by 7KCh in the presence of LPS such as ROS, especially, NO and O2- along with lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, D. muricata significantly normalized mitochondrial membrane potential, cell membrane integrity, pinocytic activity, intracellular lipid accumulation and calcium deposition. These results provided us with the potentiality of D. muricata in ameliorating atherogenesis. Additionally, it decreased the expression of pro-atherogenic mediators (iNOS, COX-2, MMP9, IL-6, IL-1β, CD36, CD163 and TGFβ1) and increased anti-atherogenic mediators (MRC1 and PPARγ) with high cellular expressions of NF-κB and iNOS. Results showed the potential of sitosterol-rich D. muricata as a versatile biomedical therapeutic agent against abnormal macrophage polarization and its associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Ravi
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025 India
| | | | - Mahalakshmi Krishnan
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025 India
| | | | - Beulaja Manikandan
- Department of Biochemistry, Annai Veilankanni’s College for Women, Chennai, 600 015 India
| | - Manikandan Ramar
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025 India
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Toigo L, Dos Santos Teodoro EI, Guidi AC, Gancedo NC, Petruco MV, Melo EB, Tonin FS, Fernandez-Llimos F, Chierrito D, de Mello JCP, de Medeiros Araújo DC, Sanches ACC. Flavonoid as possible therapeutic targets against COVID-19: a scoping review of in silico studies. Daru 2023; 31:51-68. [PMID: 37195402 PMCID: PMC10191091 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This scoping review aims to present flavonoid compounds' promising effects and possible mechanisms of action on potential therapeutic targets in the SARS-CoV-2 infection process. METHODS A search of electronic databases such as PubMed and Scopus was carried out to evaluate the performance of substances from the flavonoid class at different stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS The search strategy yielded 382 articles after the exclusion of duplicates. During the screening process, 265 records were deemed as irrelevant. At the end of the full-text appraisal, 37 studies were considered eligible for data extraction and qualitative synthesis. All the studies used virtual molecular docking models to verify the affinity of compounds from the flavonoid class with crucial proteins in the replication cycle of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Spike protein, PLpro, 3CLpro/ MPro, RdRP, and inhibition of the host's ACE II receptor). The flavonoids with more targets and lowest binding energies were: orientin, quercetin, epigallocatechin, narcissoside, silymarin, neohesperidin, delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside, and delphinidin-3-sambubioside-5-glucoside. CONCLUSION These studies allow us to provide a basis for in vitro and in vivo assays to assist in developing drugs for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Toigo
- Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Guidi
- Laboratório de Biologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Naiara Cássia Gancedo
- Laboratório de Biologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Petruco
- Clínica de Reumatologia-Pneumologia Laboratório do Sono de Maringá e Hospital Bom Samaritano de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Borges Melo
- Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Stumpf Tonin
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSLEscola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Danielly Chierrito
- Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Ingá - UNINGÁ, Maringá, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Palazzo de Mello
- Laboratório de Biologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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Duan H, Song P, Li R, Su H, He L. Attenuating lipid metabolism in atherosclerosis: The potential role of Anti-oxidative effects on low-density lipoprotein of herbal medicines. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1161657. [PMID: 37063287 PMCID: PMC10102431 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1161657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a multifactorial chronic disease with great harm to the health of human being, which is a basic pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases and ultimately threatens human life. Abnormal blood lipid level is one of the most common diagnostic indicators of AS in clinic, and lipid metabolism disorder is often observed in patients with AS. Cholesterol is an important lipid in the human body, which is of great significance for maintaining normal life activities. Generally, cholesterol is transported to peripheral tissues by low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and then transported to the liver by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) via its cholesterol reverse transport function, and finally discharged. Under oxidative stress condition, LDL is commonly oxidized to the form ox-LDL, which is ingested by macrophages in large quantities and further forms foam cells, disrupting the normal metabolic process of cholesterol. Importantly, the foam cells are involved in forming atherosclerotic plaques, whose rupture may lead to ischemic heart disease or stroke. Furthermore, ox-LDL could also promote the development of AS by damaging vascular endothelium, promoting the migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and activating platelets. Therefore, inhibiting LDL oxidation may be an effective way to improve lipid metabolism and prevent AS. In recent years, increasing studies have shown that herbal medicines have great potentiality in inhibiting LDL oxidation and reducing ox-LDL induced foam cell formation. Accordingly, this paper summarized current research on the inhibitory effects of herbal medicines against LDL oxidation and foam cell formation, and made a brief description of the role of cholesterol and LDL in lipid metabolism disorder and AS pathogenesis. Importantly, it is suggested that herbal medicines could inhibit LDL oxidation and regulate cholesterol homeostasis via downregulation of CD36 and SR-A, whereas upregulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huxinyue Duan
- School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pan Song
- Chengdu Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruolan Li
- School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Su
- Chengdu Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Su, ; Lisha He,
| | - Lisha He
- School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Su, ; Lisha He,
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Xie Y, Chen H, Qu P, Qiao X, Guo L, Liu L. Novel insight on the role of Macrophages in atherosclerosis: Focus on polarization, apoptosis and efferocytosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Jamuna S, Ashokkumar R, Devaraj SN. Amelioration of C-Reactive Protein and Lectin Like Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Complex Induced Endothelial Dysfunction by Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2664-2686. [PMID: 35357665 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03792-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a well-established biochemical marker for atherosclerosis. Modification of LDL inside the artery wall favors the elevation of this acute phase protein. Hence, this mechanism is considered an important factor to trigger the monocyte to macrophages differentiation which results in the formation of foam cells. Therefore, this key event should be targeted and focused on how this complex (OxLDL + CRP) proceeds to endothelial dysfunction. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) is a well-known cardioprotective flavon-3-ols. The present study is challenged between the cardioprotective roles of OPC against the deleterious effect of OxLDL + CRP complex upon endothelial cells. Protein-protein docking was carried out between CRP and LOX-1. This docked protein complex was again docked with OPC to show the inhibitory mechanism of CRP binding with LOX-1. OPC showed a promising inhibitory mechanism against OxLDL + CRP complex. Docking studies showed that in the absence of ligands (OPC), binding of CRP and LOX-1 was greater and vice versa in the presence of ligands. Based on these molecular docking results, in vitro studies have been carried out. The monolayer of endothelial cells was incubated with THP-1 monocytes for 48 h, induced with OxLDL (10 μg/ml) + CRP (15 μg/ml) and cotreated with OPC (100 μg/ml). Morphological changes, cell migration assay, and capillary tube forming assay were carried out. Myeloperoxidase levels were estimated to determine the adhesion of monocytes onto EC monolayer. RT-PCR analysis of L-Selectin was also done. The quantification of NO levels and analysis of mRNA expressions of eNOS was to determine the nitric oxide demand caused due to OxLDL + CRP complex. LOX-1, scavenger receptor levels were analyzed by mRNA expression. Proinflammatory markers such as IL-6, MCP-1, and IL-1β were studied. Accumulation of ROS levels was measured fluorimetrically using DCF-DA staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by JC-1 dye and cell cycle analysis was done by FACS analysis. To emphasis the results, the OPC-treated group showed decreased levels of proinflammatory markers, LOX-1 and L-selectin levels. Endothelial nitric oxide levels were increased upon OPC treatment and reduction in the ROS levels was also observed. Endothelial cells apoptosis was prevented by OPC. To conclude, OxLDL + CRP complex inhibitory effects of OPC could maintain the normal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Jamuna
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, 600025, India
| | - Rathinavel Ashokkumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, 600025, India
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Yao Z, Wang L, Cai D, Jiang X, Sun J, Wang Y, Bai W. Warangalone Induces Apoptosis in HeLa Cells via Mitochondria-Mediated Endogenous Pathway. EFOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.53365/efood.k/145663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer as one of the major malignant tumors seriously threatens women's health. More than 270,000 women die of cervical cancer each year. Warangalone is an isoflavone compound isolated from Cudrania tricuspidata with excellent antitumor activity. In this research, we investigated the molecular mechanism of warangalone-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. The results show that warangalone can selectively and effectively inhibit HeLa cells proliferation. Warangalone can effectively inhibit the invasion and migration of HeLa cells. Furthermore, warangalone was confirmed to activate p53 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family signaling pathways to cause apoptosis. In this case, the expression of the B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family is regulated, and caspase-3 is eventually cleaved, finally triggering the mitochondrial apoptosis. In conclusion, warangalone can induce HeLa cells apoptosis via a mitochondria-mediated endogenous pathway, which represented the potential therapeutic effect of warangalone on cervical cancer.
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More S, Priyaa GH. Antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-atherosclerotic effect of phytochemicals isolated from Trachyspermum ammi with honey in RAW 264.7 and THP-1 cells. Pharmacogn Mag 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_436_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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10
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Garcia C, Blesso CN. Antioxidant properties of anthocyanins and their mechanism of action in atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:152-166. [PMID: 34087429 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis develops due to lipid accumulation in the arterial wall and sclerosis as result of increased hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation. However, improving antioxidant status through diet may prevent the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is believed that polyphenol-rich plants contribute to the inverse relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and chronic disease. Anthocyanins are flavonoid polyphenols with antioxidant properties that have been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. The consumption of anthocyanins increases total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant defense enzymes, and HDL antioxidant properties by several measures in preclinical and clinical populations. Anthocyanins appear to impart antioxidant actions via direct antioxidant properties, as well as indirectly via inducing intracellular Nrf2 activation and antioxidant gene expression. These actions counter oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling in cells present in atherosclerotic plaques, including macrophages and endothelial cells. Overall, anthocyanins may protect against atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease through their effects on cellular antioxidant status, oxidative stress, and inflammation; however, their underlying mechanisms of action appear to be complex and require further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Garcia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States
| | - Christopher N Blesso
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States.
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Ockermann P, Headley L, Lizio R, Hansmann J. A Review of the Properties of Anthocyanins and Their Influence on Factors Affecting Cardiometabolic and Cognitive Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082831. [PMID: 34444991 PMCID: PMC8399873 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases has increased over the last decades and is an important cause of death worldwide. An upcoming ingredient on the nutraceutical market are anthocyanins, a flavonoid subgroup, abundant mostly in berries and fruits. Epidemiological studies have suggested an association between anthocyanin intake and improved cardiovascular risk, type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarct. Clinical studies using anthocyanins have shown a significant decrease in inflammation markers and oxidative stress, a beneficial effect on vascular function and hyperlipidemia by decreasing low-density lipoprotein and increasing high-density lipoprotein. They have also shown a potential effect on glucose homeostasis and cognitive decline. This review summarizes the effects of anthocyanins in in-vitro, animal and human studies to give an overview of their application in medical prevention or as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ockermann
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Roentgenring 11, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | - Jan Hansmann
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Roentgenring 11, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany;
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The Effect of Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis) and Blackcurrant Extracts ( Ribes nigrum) Supplementation on Performance Indices and Oxidative Stability of Chicken Broiler Meat. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041155. [PMID: 33920629 PMCID: PMC8073268 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The common practice of supplementing broiler feeds with oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids to improve the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids in chicken muscles results in a reduced oxidative stability of the meat and accelerated intensity of lipid peroxidation during storage. This study evaluated the effects of commercial rosemary (RO) and blackcurrant (BC) extracts rich in polyphenolic antioxidants added to broiler diets on the oxidative stability of meat and chicken production parameters. In this study, 120 one-day-old male Hubbard Flex broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 5 experimental groups, and for 35 days, were fed control starter and grower diets or the same basal diets containing two concentrations (2.5 and 5 g/kg) of the RO or BC extracts. The inclusion of RO and BC in the birds’ diet had no significant effect on broiler weight gain, feed conversion ratio, or carcass characteristics. The enrichment of chicken diet with RO and BC did not affect the oxidative stability of chicken breast muscles, but reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in frozen thigh muscles. Abstract The effects of dietary supplementation with extracts of rosemary (RO) and blackcurrant (BC) on the performance indices and the oxidative stability of broiler meat were investigated during a 35-d experiment. For the experiment, 120 one-day-old male Hubbard Flex broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 5 experimental groups (control group and 4 treatments, each in 6 replications, 24 birds per group, 4 birds per replicate) and fed control starter and grower diets or basal diets containing two concentrations (2.5 and 5 g/kg) of the RO and BC extracts. Basic performance traits (body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion) were recorded during the trial. At the end of the experiment, pectoral and thigh muscles were collected. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assays using the muscles samples were performed after 1 and 5 d of chilling (4 °C) and after 90 d of frozen storage (−18 °C). The inclusion of RO and BC in the birds’ diet had no significant effects on weight gain and feed conversion ratio of chickens, or on carcass characteristics, compared with control group. Enrichment of chicken diet with RO and BC did not affect the oxidative stability of chicken breast muscles, but the tested extracts significantly reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in frozen thigh muscles.
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Chan SW, Chu TTW, Choi SW, Benzie IFF, Tomlinson B. Impact of short-term bilberry supplementation on glycemic control, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and antioxidant status in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3236-3245. [PMID: 33599340 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is one of the richest natural sources of anthocyanins which are powerful antioxidants and reported to have antiinflammatory, antidyslipidemic, antihypertensive, and hypoglycemic effects. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of bilberry supplementation on biomarkers of glycemic control, lipid profile, antioxidant, and inflammatory status in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Twenty patients were randomized to receive either bilberry supplementation (1.4 g/day of extract) daily for 4 weeks followed by 6 weeks of washout and then an additional 4 weeks of matching placebo or vice versa. Blood pressure, metabolic parameters, antioxidant status, and oxidative stress were measured before and after each period. Results showed no effect on body weight, blood pressure, or lipid profile. HbA1c was reduced by 0.31 ± 0.58% during bilberry supplementation, but this change was not significantly different from that with placebo. Antioxidant status, oxidative stress, and inflammatory status showed no significant differences across treatments. This short-term study of bilberry supplementation did not show significant effects on cardiovascular risk factors or antioxidant status, but the tendency for improved glycemic control may suggest a longer treatment period may be effective in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Wa Chan
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tanya T W Chu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siu Wai Choi
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Iris F F Benzie
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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Salem MA, Zayed A, Beshay ME, Abdel Mesih MM, Ben Khayal RF, George FA, Ezzat SM. Hibiscus sabdariffa L.: phytoconstituents, nutritive, and pharmacological applications. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Aguiar LM, Bicas JL, Fuentes E, Alarcón M, Gonzalez IP, Pastore GM, Maróstica MR, Cazarin CBB. Non-nutrients and nutrients from Latin American fruits for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Food Res Int 2020; 139:109844. [PMID: 33509467 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been rapidly increasing; among them, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for around 1/3 of deaths in the world. Environmental factors play a central role in their development. Diet is a very important factor in this scenario, and the intake of fruits and vegetables has been considered as one of the critical strategies for reducing the risk of CVDs. Fruits are a source of micronutrients and bioactive compounds that could have cardioprotective effects through several distinct mechanisms, such as antioxidant, antithrombotic and antiplatelet activities, vasodilatation, improvement of plasma lipid profiles, and modulation of inflammatory signaling. Brazil has a very rich and unexplored biodiversity in its different biomes, with several types of fruit, which are a source of bioactive compounds and micronutrients with therapeutic properties. In this sense, this review shows the current knowledge regarding the cardioprotective properties of selected Latin American and Brazilian fruits, including their effects on the activation of platelets and on the inflammation processes involved in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Marinho Aguiar
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Lemos Bicas
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 2 norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 2 norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Ivan Palomo Gonzalez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 2 norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Gláucia Maria Pastore
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil.
| | - Mário Roberto Maróstica
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil.
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil.
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Martins ÂM, Silva Sarto DAQ, Caproni KDP, Silva J, Silva J, Souza PS, dos Santos L, Ureña MJE, de Souza Carvalho MDG, Vilas Boas BM, Miranda LPA, Garcia JAD. Grape juice attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy in dyslipidemic mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238163. [PMID: 32881885 PMCID: PMC7470265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effects of grape juice (Vitis labrusca L.) on dyslipidemia, resistance to insulin, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in mice homozygous for the absence of the LDL receptor gene (LDLr -/-) under a hyperlipidemic diet. METHODOLOGY We divided 30 male mice (3 months old) into three groups (n = 10); the HL group was fed a high-fat diet, the HLU group received a high-fat diet and 2 g/kg/day of grape juice, and the HLS group was fed a high-fat diet and simvastatin (20 mg/kg/day). We assessed the blood pressure profile of the mice. We also determined the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profile, glycemic and insulinemic profiles, and calculated the HOMA-IR. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial collagen deposit, and the expression of CD40 ligand (CD40L) and metalloproteinases 2 and 9 were assessed immunohistologically. RESULTS After 60 days, the mice treated with grape juice showed similar results as those of the group treated with simvastatin. The use of grape fruit attenuated dyslipidemia and insulin resistance and significantly increased the levels of high cholesterol density lipoproteins (HDLc). The antioxidant potential of phenolic compounds associated with the increase in HDLc levels in the mice of the HLU group prevented the development of LVH and arterial hypertension since it inhibited the inflammatory response induced by the CD40 pathway and its ligand CD40L. Consequently, there was a lower expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and lower serum levels of CRP. CONCLUSION Grape juice has a hypolipidemic and cardiac protective potential, presenting a similar effect as that of simvastatin through a direct antioxidant action of phenolic compounds, or indirectly, via antioxidant action and anti-inflammatory activity of the HDLc. These results suggest that grape juice is a functional food possessing a high potential to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Maria Martins
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Machado, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Karine de Paula Caproni
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Machado, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Janaína Silva
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Silva
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Souza
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro dos Santos
- Academic Unity of Serra Talhada, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcos Javier Espino Ureña
- Autonomous University of Santo Domingo and Dominican Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Research, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | | | - Brígida Monteiro Vilas Boas
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Machado, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - José Antonio Dias Garcia
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Machado, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- José do Rosário Vellano University, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Anthocyanins from Hibiscus syriacus L. Inhibit Melanogenesis by Activating the ERK Signaling Pathway. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110645. [PMID: 31653006 PMCID: PMC6920888 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hibiscus syriacus L. exhibited promising potential as a new source of food and colorants containing various anthocyanins. However, the function of anthocyanins from H. syriacus L. has not been investigated. In the current study, we evaluated whether anthocyanins from the H. syriacus L. varieties Pulsae and Paektanshim (PS and PTS) inhibit melanin biogenesis. B16F10 cells and zebrafish larvae were exposed to PS and PTS in the presence or absence of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and melanin contents accompanied by its regulating genes and proteins were analyzed. PS and PTS moderately downregulated mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro, but significantly decreased extracellular and intracellular melanin production in B16F10 cells, and inhibited α-MSH-induced expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase. PS and PTS also attenuated pigmentation in α-MSH-stimulated zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, PS and PTS activated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas PD98059, a specific ERK inhibitor, completely reversed PS- and PTS-mediated anti-melanogenic activity in B16F10 cells and zebrafish larvae, which indicates that PS- and PTS-mediated anti-melanogenic activity is due to ERK activation. Moreover, chromatography data showed that PS and PTS possessed 17 identical anthocyanins as a negative regulator of ERK. These findings suggested that anthocyanins from PS and PTS inhibited melanogenesis in vitro and in vivo by activating the ERK signaling pathway.
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Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2684108. [PMID: 31662773 PMCID: PMC6778887 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2684108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. It is generally accepted that cutaneous wound healing can be divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. In humans, keratinocytes re-form a functional epidermis (reepithelialization) as rapidly as possible, closing the wound and reestablishing tissue homeostasis. Dermal fibroblasts migrate into the wound bed and proliferate, creating “granulation tissue” rich in extracellular matrix proteins and supporting the growth of new blood vessels. Ultimately, this is remodelled over an extended period, returning the injured tissue to a state similar to that before injury. Dysregulation in any phase of the wound healing cascade delays healing and may result in various skin pathologies, including nonhealing, or chronic ulceration. Indigenous and traditional medicines make extensive use of natural products and derivatives of natural products and provide more than half of all medicines consumed today throughout the world. Recognising the important role traditional medicine continues to play, we have undertaken an extensive survey of literature reporting the use of medical plants and plant-based products for cutaneous wounds. We describe the active ingredients, bioactivities, clinical uses, formulations, methods of preparation, and clinical value of 36 medical plant species. Several species stand out, including Centella asiatica, Curcuma longa, and Paeonia suffruticosa, which are popular wound healing products used by several cultures and ethnic groups. The popularity and evidence of continued use clearly indicates that there are still lessons to be learned from traditional practices. Hidden in the myriad of natural products and derivatives from natural products are undescribed reagents, unexplored combinations, and adjunct compounds that could have a place in the contemporary therapeutic inventory.
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Röhrig T, Kirsch V, Schipp D, Galan J, Richling E. Absorption of Anthocyanin Rutinosides after Consumption of a Blackcurrant ( Ribes nigrum L.) Extract. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6792-6797. [PMID: 31134806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The dominant anthocyanins in blackcurrant are delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside. Data on their absorption and distribution in the human body are limited. Therefore, we performed a human pilot study on five healthy male volunteers consuming a blackcurrant ( Ribes nigrum L.) extract. The rutinosides and their degradation products gallic acid and protocatechuic acid were determined in plasma and urine. The rutinosides' concentrations peaked in both plasma and urine samples within 2 h of extract ingestion. The recoveries of delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside from urine samples were 0.040 ± 0.011% and 0.048 ± 0.016%, respectively, over a 48 h period. Protocatechuic acid concentration increased significantly after ingestion of the blackcurrant extract. Our results show that after ingestion of a blackcurrant extract containing delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, significant quantities of biologically active compounds circulated in the plasma and were excreted via urine. Furthermore, these results contribute to the understanding of anthocyanin metabolism in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Röhrig
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry , Technische Universitaet Kaiserslautern , Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 52 , D-67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany
| | - Verena Kirsch
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry , Technische Universitaet Kaiserslautern , Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 52 , D-67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany
| | - Dorothea Schipp
- ds-statistik.de , Pirnaer Strasse 1 , 01824 Rosenthal-Bielatal , Germany
| | - Jens Galan
- Specialist in Inner & General Medicine , Hochgewanne 19 , 67269 Gruenstadt , Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry , Technische Universitaet Kaiserslautern , Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 52 , D-67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany
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Oh Y, Ahn CB, Yoon NY, Nam KH, Kim YK, Je JY. Protective effect of enzymatic hydrolysates from seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) against H 2O 2-mediated human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:103-110. [PMID: 30218854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-mediated endothelial dysfunction and LDL oxidation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thus, the protection of the endothelial cells against oxidative stress-mediated injury and the inhibition of LDL oxidation by the use of antioxidants are a good strategy against atherosclerosis development. Here, we investigated the protective effect and the inhibition of LDL oxidation of seahorse H. abdominalia hydrolysates by Alcalase (SHAH). SHAH showed higher antioxidant activities by measuring DPPH, ABTS+, and ORAC assays than the other hydrolysates. SHAH reduced the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in Cu2+-induced LDL oxidation. In human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), SHAH ameliorated H2O2-mediated HUVEC injury through the restoration of antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione. In addition, SHAH inhibited HUVEC apoptosis through the down-regulation of caspase-3 and p53 and the increase bcl-2/bax ratio. These results suggested that seahorse H. abdominalia could be developed as potential agents for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunok Oh
- Department of Marine-Bio Convergence Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Ahn
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Young Yoon
- Food & Safety Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Ho Nam
- Food & Safety Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Kye Kim
- Food & Safety Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Je
- Department of Marine-Bio Convergence Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea.
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Anthocyanins from Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx attenuate in vitro and in vivo melanoma cancer metastasis. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Jin JE, Ahn CB, Je JY. Purification and characterization of antioxidant peptides from enzymatically hydrolyzed ark shell ( Scapharca subcrenata ). Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abat JK, Kumar S, Mohanty A. Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Aspects of Four Medicinal Plants of Malvaceae Used in Indian Traditional Medicines: A Review. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 4:E75. [PMID: 29057840 PMCID: PMC5750599 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The ethnomedicinal values of plants form the basis of the herbal drug industry. India has contributed its knowledge of traditional system medicines (Ayurveda and Siddha) to develop herbal medicines with negligible side effects. The World Health Organization has also recognized the benefits of drugs developed from natural products. Abutilon indicum, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Sida acuta and Sida rhombifolia are ethnomedicinal plants of Malvaceae, commonly used in Indian traditional system of medicines. Traditionally these plants were used in the form of extracts/powder/paste by tribal populations of India for treating common ailments like cough and cold, fever, stomach, kidney and liver disorders, pains, inflammations, wounds, etc. The present review is an overview of phytochemistry and ethnopharmacological studies that support many of the traditional ethnomedicinal uses of these plants. Many phytoconstituents have been isolated from the four ethnomedicinal plants and some of them have shown pharmacological activities that have been demonstrated by in vivo and/or in vitro experiments. Ethnomedicinal uses, supported by scientific evidences is essential for ensuring safe and effective utilization of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur Abat
- Department of Botany, Gargi College, Sirifort Road, New Delhi110049, India.
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana124001, India.
| | - Aparajita Mohanty
- Department of Botany, Gargi College, Sirifort Road, New Delhi110049, India.
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Herranz-López M, Olivares-Vicente M, Encinar JA, Barrajón-Catalán E, Segura-Carretero A, Joven J, Micol V. Multi-Targeted Molecular Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa Polyphenols: An Opportunity for a Global Approach to Obesity. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080907. [PMID: 28825642 PMCID: PMC5579700 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Improper diet can alter gene expression by breaking the energy balance equation and changing metabolic and oxidative stress biomarkers, which can result in the development of obesity-related metabolic disorders. The pleiotropic effects of dietary plant polyphenols are capable of counteracting by modulating different key molecular targets at the cell, as well as through epigenetic modifications. Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS)-derived polyphenols are known to ameliorate various obesity-related conditions. Recent evidence leads to propose the complex nature of the underlying mechanism of action. This multi-targeted mechanism includes the regulation of energy metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, transcription factors, hormones and peptides, digestive enzymes, as well as epigenetic modifications. This article reviews the accumulated evidence on the multiple anti-obesity effects of HS polyphenols in cell and animal models, as well as in humans, and its putative molecular targets. In silico studies reveal the capacity of several HS polyphenols to act as putative ligands for different digestive and metabolic enzymes, which may also deserve further attention. Therefore, a global approach including integrated and networked omics techniques, virtual screening and epigenetic analysis is necessary to fully understand the molecular mechanisms of HS polyphenols and metabolites involved, as well as their possible implications in the design of safe and effective polyphenolic formulations for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Herranz-López
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Edificio Torregaitán, Elche 03202, Spain.
| | - Mariló Olivares-Vicente
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Edificio Torregaitán, Elche 03202, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Encinar
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Edificio Torregaitán, Elche 03202, Spain.
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Edificio Torregaitán, Elche 03202, Spain.
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, Granada 18071, Spain.
- Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., Edificio BioRegión, Granada 18016, Spain.
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain.
| | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Edificio Torregaitán, Elche 03202, Spain.
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Palma de Mallorca 07122, Spain.
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Ganguly R, Hasanally D, Stamenkovic A, Maddaford TG, Chaudhary R, Pierce GN, Ravandi A. Alpha linolenic acid decreases apoptosis and oxidized phospholipids in cardiomyocytes during ischemia/reperfusion. Mol Cell Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tsai TC, Huang HP, Chang KT, Wang CJ, Chang YC. Anthocyanins from roselle extract arrest cell cycle G2/M phase transition via ATM/Chk pathway in p53-deficient leukemia HL-60 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1290-1304. [PMID: 27444805 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell cycle regulation is an important issue in cancer therapy. Delphinidin and cyanidin are two major anthocyanins of the roselle plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa). In the present study, we investigated the effect of Hibiscus anthocyanins (HAs) on cell cycle arrest in human leukemia cell line HL-60 and the analyzed the underlying molecular mechanisms. HAs extracted from roselle calyces (purity 90%) markedly induced G2/M arrest evaluated with flow cytometry analysis. Western blot analyses revealed that HAs (0.1-0.7 mg mL-1 ) induced G2/M arrest via increasing Tyr15 phosphorylation of Cdc2, and inducing Cdk inhibitors p27 and p21. HAs also induced phosphorylation of upstream signals related to G2/M arrest such as phosphorylation of Cdc25C tyrosine phosphatase at Ser216, increasing the binding of pCdc25C with 14-3-3 protein. HAs-induced phosphorylation of Cdc25C could be activated by ATM checkpoint kinases, Chk1, and Chk2. We first time confirmed that ATM-Chk1/2-Cdc25C pathway as a critical mechanism for G2/M arrest in HAs-induced leukemia cell cycle arrest, indicating that this compound could be a promising anticancer candidate or chemopreventive agents for further investigation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1290-1304, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Chang Tsai
- Superintendent Office, Antai Medical Care Cooperation, Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Pei Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ting Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ching Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shen HM, Chen C, Jiang JY, Zheng YL, Cai WF, Wang B, Ling Z, Tang L, Wang YH, Shi GG. The N-butyl alcohol extract from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flowers enhances healing potential on rat excisional wounds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:291-301. [PMID: 28088494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (HRS), a folk medicine named Zhujin in China, possess anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, low density lipoprotein oxidation prevention and macrophage death prevention effects. The leaves and red flowers of HRS have been traditionally used to treat with furuncle and ulceration. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the efficacy and possible mechanism of the N-butyl alcohol extract of HRS (NHRS) red flowers in wound healing by analyzing the collagen fiber deposition, angiogenic activity and macrophages action of the NHRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS In an excisional wound healing model in rats, different concentrations of NHRS, or recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rbFGF), were respectively applied twice daily for 9 days. Histopathology was assessed on day 9 via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson's trichrome (MT) staining, and immunohistochemistry for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and CD68. Immunomodulation by NHRS was evaluated by a carbon clearance test in mice. RESULTS Wound healing post-surgery was greater in the rbFGF-control, NHRS-M and MHRS-H groups than in the model and 5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-control groups after the third day. By the sixth day the wound contraction of NHRS-M and MHRS-H groups was much higher than the rbFGF-control group. HE and MT staining revealed that epithelialization, fibroblast distribution, collagen deposition of NHRS-M- and NHRS-H-control groups were significantly higher than the model group. Moreover, immunohistochemistry showed more intense staining of VEGF, TGF-β1 and CD68 in the rbFGF- and NHRS-control groups, compared to that in model and 5% DMSO-control groups. The clearance and phagocytic indices of NHRS-M- and NHRS-H-control groups were significantly higher than that of the carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) group in mice. CONCLUSION NHRS accelerates wound repair via enhancing the macrophages activity, accelerating angiogenesis and collagen fiber deposition response mediated by VEGF and TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Hang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang-Gang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Reis JF, Monteiro VVS, de Souza Gomes R, do Carmo MM, da Costa GV, Ribera PC, Monteiro MC. Action mechanism and cardiovascular effect of anthocyanins: a systematic review of animal and human studies. J Transl Med 2016; 14:315. [PMID: 27846846 PMCID: PMC5111351 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are an important cause of death worldwide. Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoids found in berries, flowers, fruits and leaves. In epidemiological and clinical studies, these polyphenols have been associated with improved cardiovascular risk profiles as well as decreased comorbidities. Human intervention studies using berries, vegetables, parts of plants and cereals (either fresh or as juice) or purified anthocyanin-rich extracts have demonstrated significant improvements in low density lipoproteins oxidation, lipid peroxidation, total plasma antioxidant capacity, and dyslipidemia as well as reduced levels of CVD molecular biomarkers. This review discusses the use of anthocyanins in animal models and their applications in human medicine, as dietary supplements or as new potent drugs against cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordano Ferreira Reis
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | | | - Rafaelli de Souza Gomes
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | - Matheus Moraes do Carmo
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | - Glauber Vilhena da Costa
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | - Paula Cardoso Ribera
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil
| | - Marta Chagas Monteiro
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil.
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Yan H, Wang S, Li Z, Sun Z, Zan J, Zhao W, Pan Y, Wang Z, Wu M, Zhu J. Rspo2 suppresses CD36-mediated apoptosis in oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced macrophages. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2945-52. [PMID: 27571704 PMCID: PMC5042761 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced apoptosis of macrophages contributes to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. R-spondin 2 (Rspo2), a member of the cysteine-rich secreted proteins, has been shown to be involved in the oncogenesis of several types of cancer. It has also been found to be abundantly expressed among the four R-spondin members in macrophages. The present study was performed to determine whether Rspo2 is involved in the ox-LDL-induced apoptosis of macrophages. It was identified that Rspo2 inhibited oxLDL-induced apoptosis in the presence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activator using flow cytometry. In addition, Rspo2 was observed to suppress oxLDL-induced ER stress and reactive oxygen species production as demonstrated by western blotting. Furthermore, analysis of the role of Rspo2 in macrophage lipid uptake identified that Rspo2 negatively regulated the Dil-oxLDL uptake by inhibiting the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD)36, through the transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ. The manipulation of Rspo2 had a direct effect on PPAR-γ nuclear translocation. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that Rspo2 manipulation led to regulation of the direct binding between PPAR-γ and CD36. In conclusion, Rspo2 was found to have a negative regulatory effect during oxLDL-induced macrophage apoptosis by regulating lipid uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Zewei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Wenting Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yanyun Pan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Mingjie Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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Comparative analysis of phytochemical profile, antioxidant activities and foam prevention abilities of whole fruit, pulp and seeds of Emblica officinalis. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-1844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Colonization with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Promotes the Growth of Morus alba L. Seedlings under Greenhouse Conditions. FORESTS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/f6030734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Da-Costa-Rocha I, Bonnlaender B, Sievers H, Pischel I, Heinrich M. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. – A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Food Chem 2014; 165:424-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kim KR, Park KK, Chung WY, Hwang YS. The Inhibitory Effect of Buddlejasaponin IV on the Growth of YD-10B Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. J Cancer Prev 2014; 18:330-6. [PMID: 25337562 PMCID: PMC4189445 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2013.18.4.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Buddlejasaponin IV (BS-IV), a triterpene saponin isolated from Pleurospermum kamtschaticum HOFFMANN (Umbelliferae), is known to have potent anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxicity against diverse cancer cell lines. In the present study, we attempted to verify whether BS-IV could inhibit cell growth, and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in highly invasive YD-10B human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Methods: YD-10B cells were treated with various concentrations of BS-IV, and the cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was conducted to examine cell phase distribution and DAPI staining was performed to observe apoptotic morphological changes in BS-IV-treated YD-10B cells. Western blot analysis was used to investigate the expression of proteins associated with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Results: BS-IV treatment significantly reduced the viability of YD-10B cells and partially arrested cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase. Treatment with BS-IV substantially decreased the levels of cyclin B1 and stimulated the phosphorylation of checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2). The expression of p21 was increased but the phosphorylation of Akt was inhibited in BS-IV-treated YD-10B cells. Furthermore, BS-IV induced release of cytochrome c from mitochondria by reducing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 level and increasing pro-apoptotic Bax level. Active caspase-3 level and the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were enhanced by BS-IV treatment. In addition, BS-IV increased the expression of Fas death receptor and its ligand (FasL) in YD-10B cells. Conclusions: The treatment with BS-IV inhibits the growth of YD-10B cells by inducing p21-dependent cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis through both mitochondrial-dependent and death receptor-mediated pathways. Thus, BS-IV is an excellent candidate for a chemopreventive agent to block the progression of human OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Rim Kim
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul
| | - Kwang-Kyun Park
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul ; Department of Oral Biology and BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul
| | - Won-Yoon Chung
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul ; Department of Oral Biology and BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul
| | - Young Sun Hwang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
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The role of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Roselle) in maintenance of ex vivo murine bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:258192. [PMID: 25405216 PMCID: PMC4227436 DOI: 10.1155/2014/258192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells- (HSCs-) based therapy requires ex vivo expansion of HSCs prior to therapeutic use. However, ex vivo culture was reported to promote excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), exposing HSCs to oxidative damage. Efforts to overcome this limitation include the use of antioxidants. In this study, the role of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Roselle) in maintenance of cultured murine bone marrow-derived HSCs was investigated. Aqueous extract of Roselle was added at varying concentrations (0–1000 ng/mL) for 24 hours to the freshly isolated murine bone marrow cells (BMCs) cultures. Effects of Roselle on cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and DNA damage were investigated. Roselle enhanced the survival (P < 0.05) of BMCs at 500 and 1000 ng/mL, increased survival of Sca-1+ cells (HSCs) at 500 ng/mL, and maintained HSCs phenotype as shown from nonremarkable changes of surface marker antigen (Sca-1) expression in all experimental groups. Roselle increased (P < 0.05) the GSH level and SOD activity but the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was unaffected. Moreover, Roselle showed significant cellular genoprotective potency against H2O2-induced DNA damage. Conclusively, Roselle shows novel property as potential supplement and genoprotectant against oxidative damage to cultured HSCs.
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Chan KC, Ho HH, Lin MC, Wu CH, Huang CN, Chang WC, Wang CJ. Mulberry water extracts inhibit rabbit atherosclerosis through stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis via activating p53 and regulating both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5092-5101. [PMID: 24833292 DOI: 10.1021/jf501466t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that mulberry water extracts (MWEs), which contain polyphenolic compounds, have an antiatherosclerotic effect in rabbits. Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the key determinant of the number of VSMCs in remodeling. To improve the recovery from atherosclerosis pathology, it would be ideal to induce regression of atherosclerotic plaques and apoptosis of VSMCs. In this study, we treated high-cholesterol-diet-fed (HCD-fed) rabbits with MWEs, and we found that the MWEs effectively inhibited HCD-fed-induced intimal hyperplasia of vessel walls. We also found that MWEs initially activate JNK/p38 and p53, which in turn activate both Fas-ligand and mitochondria pathways, thereby causing mitochondria translocation of Bax and the reduction of Bcl-2 that trigger the cleavage of procaspases, finally resulting in apoptosis of VSMCs. In addition, 2.5-5.0 g/day of MWEs for humans may be enough to prevent atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuei-Chuan Chan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital , No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Flavonoid rich extract of Murraya Koenigii alleviates in-vitro LDL oxidation and oxidized LDL induced apoptosis in raw 264.7 Murine macrophage cells. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2014; 52:3367-75. [PMID: 26028717 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Several lines of evidences have established a lineage between Oxidised LDL (Ox-LDL) to apoptosis of macrophages in which the high level of intracellular cholesterol play a crucial role. This study assesses the potency of Murraya koenigii (MK) leaf extract in alleviating LDL oxidation and Ox-LDL induced lipotoxicity in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells. Results indicated that presence of MK extract prevented oxidation of LDL as evidenced by its oxidation kinetics and formation of LDL oxidation products. Also, MK extract accounted for improvement in cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential of Ox-LDL treated cells. The Ox-LDL induced increment in intracellular oxidative stress, nuclear condensation and apoptosis was effectively prevented by MK extract possibly due to their established anti-oxidant and free radical scavenging potentials which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids present in the extract. Prevention of oxidative modification of LDL, free radical induced damage and Ox-LDL induced death of RAW 264.7 cells provide preliminary evidences of its anti-atherosclerotic potential and warrants further elucidation and validation for its use in-vivo and may be useful as a functional food supplement and an alternative medicine to prevent LDL oxidation and oxidized LDL induced toxicity.
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Guardiola S, Mach N. Potencial terapéutico del Hibiscus sabdariffa: una revisión de las evidencias científicas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 61:274-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endonu.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Tsai TC, Huang HP, Chang YC, Wang CJ. An anthocyanin-rich extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa linnaeus inhibits N-nitrosomethylurea-induced leukemia in rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:1572-1580. [PMID: 24471438 DOI: 10.1021/jf405235j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A previous study reported that anthocyanins from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) showed significant anticancer activity in human promyelocytic leukemia cells. To explore the antitumor effect of anthocyanin, a roselle bioactive polyphenol in a rat model of chemical-induced leukemia was assayed. Anthocyanin extract of roselle (Hibiscus anthocyanins, HAs) was supplemented in the diet (0.1 and 0.2%). This study was carried out to evaluate the protective effect of HAs on N-nitrosomethylurea (NMU)-induced leukemia of rats. The study employed male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48), and leukemia was induced by intravenous injection of 35 mg kg(-1) body weight of NMU dissolved in physiologic saline solution. The rats were divided into four groups (n = 12): control, NMU only, and HAs groups that received different doses of HAs (0.1 and 0.2%) daily, orally, after NMU injection. After 220 days, the animals were killed, and the following parameters were assessed: morphological observation, hematology examination, histopathological assessment, and biochemical assay. When compared with the NMU-only group, HAs significantly prevented loss of organ weight and ameliorated the impairment of morphology, hematology, and histopathology. Treatment with HAs caused reduction in the levels of AST, ALT, uric acid, and MPO. Also, the results showed that oral administration of HAs (0.2%) remarkably inhibited progression of NMU-induced leukemia by approximately 33.3% in rats. This is the first report to demonstrate that the sequential administration of HAs followed by NMU resulted in an antileukemic activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Chang Tsai
- Superintendent Office, Antai Medical Care Cooperation, Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital , Pingtung, Taiwan
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Khoo HE, Azlan A, Ismail A, Abas F, Hamid M. Inhibition of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation by anthocyanins from defatted Canarium odontophyllum pericarp and peel using in vitro bioassays. PLoS One 2014; 9:e81447. [PMID: 24416130 PMCID: PMC3886967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Canarium odontophyllum, also known as CO, is a highly nutritious fruit. Defatted parts of CO fruit are potent sources of nutraceutical. This study aimed to determine oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation effects of defatted CO pericarp and peel extracts using in vitro bioassays. Cell cytotoxic effect of the CO pericarp and peel extracts were also evaluated using HUVEC and Chang liver cell lines. The crude extracts of defatted CO peel and pericarp showed cytoprotective effects in t-BHP and 40% methanol-induced cell death. The crude extracts also showed no toxic effect to Chang liver cell line. Using CD36 ELISA, NAD+ and LDL inhibition assays, inhibition of oxidative stress were found higher in the crude extract of defatted CO peel compared to the pericarp extract. Hemoglobin and LDL oxidation assays revealed both crude extracts had significantly reduced lipid peroxidation as compared to control. TBARS values among defatted CO pericarp, peel, and cyanidin-3-glucoside showed no significant differences for hemoglobin and LDL oxidation assays. The protective effects of defatted CO parts, especially its peel is related to the presence of high anthocyanin that potentially offers as a pharmaceutical ingredient for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock Eng Khoo
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azrina Azlan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Product Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Amin Ismail
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Product Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhajir Hamid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Chen JH, Tsai CW, Wang CP, Lin HH. Anti-atherosclerotic potential of gossypetin via inhibiting LDL oxidation and foam cell formation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 272:313-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sabzghabaee AM, Ataei E, Kelishadi R, Ghannadi A, Soltani R, Badri S, Shirani S. Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa Calices on Dyslipidemia in Obese Adolescents: A Triple-masked Randomized Controlled Trial. Mater Sociomed 2013; 25:76-9. [PMID: 24082826 PMCID: PMC3769081 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2013.25.76-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CONFLICT OF INTEREST none declared. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) calices on controlling dyslipidemia in obese adolescents. METHODOLOGY In this triple blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial which was registered in the Iranian registry for clinical trials (IRCT201109122306N2), 90 obese adolescents aged 12-18 years with documented dyslipidemia were randomly assigned in two groups of cases who received 2 grams of fine powdered calices of Hibiscus sabdariffa per day for one month and controls who received placebo powder with the same dietary and physical activity recommendations and duration of exposure. Full lipid profile and fasting blood sugar measured before and after the trial. Data were analyzed using multivariate general linear model. FINDINGS Overall, 72 participants (mean age of 14.21±1.6, 35 boys) completed the trial. The two arms of the study (cases and controls) were not statistically different in terms of age, gender, weight, body mass index (BMI) and lipid profile before the trial. Serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and serum triglyceride showed a significant decrease in cases group but high density lipoprotein cholesterol level was not changed significantly. CONCLUSION It is concluded that Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces powder may have significant positive effects on lipid profile of adolescents which maybe attributed to its polyphenolic and antioxidant content. Further studies are needed on dose-response and formulation optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammad Sabzghabaee
- Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
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Vasudeva N, Sharma SK. Post-Coital Antifertility Activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn. roots. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 5:91-4. [PMID: 18317554 PMCID: PMC2249740 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2006] [Accepted: 01/11/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ancient literature mentions the use of a number of plants/preparations for fertility regulation. Some local contraceptive agents have also been described in Ayurvedic and Unani texts. Documented experiments or clinical data are, however, lacking. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to explore the antifertility and estrogenic activity of ethanolic extract of the roots of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn. A strong anti-implantation (inhibition 100%) and uterotropic activity was observed at the dose level of 400 mg/kg body weight. Histological studies were carried out to confirm this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeru Vasudeva
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Division, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, India
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Bhaskar A, Nithya V. Evaluation of the wound-healing activity of Hibiscus rosa sinensis L (Malvaceae) in Wistar albino rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2013; 44:694-8. [PMID: 23248396 PMCID: PMC3523494 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.103252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the wound-healing potency of the ethanolic extract of the flowers of Hibiscus rosa sinensis. Materials and Methods: The wound-healing activity of H. rosa sinensis (5 and 10% w/w) on Wistar albino rats was studied using three different models viz., excision, incision and dead space wound. The parameters studied were breaking strength in incision model, granulation tissue dry weight, breaking strength and collagen content in dead space wound model, percentage of wound contraction and period of epithelization in excision wound model. The granulation tissue formed on days 4, 8, 12, and 16 (post-wound) was used to estimate total collagen, hexosamine, protein, DNA and uronic acid. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The extract increased cellular proliferation and collagen synthesis at the wound site, as evidenced by increase in DNA, total protein and total collagen content of granulation tissues. The extract-treated wounds were found to heal much faster as indicated by improved rates of epithelialization and wound contraction. The extract of H. rosa sinensis significantly (P<0.001) increased the wound-breaking strength in the incision wound model compared to controls. The extract-treated wounds were found to epithelialize faster, and the rate of wound contraction was significantly (P<0.001) increased as compared to control wounds. Wet and dry granulation tissue weights in a dead space wound model increased significantly (P<0.001). There was a significant increase in wound closure rate, tensile strength, dry granuloma weight, wet granuloma weight and decrease in epithelization period in H. rosa sinensis-treated group as compared to control and standard drug-treated groups. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of H. rosa sinensis had greater wound-healing activity than the nitrofurazone ointment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Bhaskar
- Department of Biotechnology, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kaspar KL, Park JS, R. Brown C, Weller K, Ross CF, Mathison BD, Chew BP. Sensory Evaluation of Pigmented Flesh Potatoes (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2013.41011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cardioprotective effects of a proanthocyanidin-rich fraction from Croton celtidifolius Baill: focus on atherosclerosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3769-75. [PMID: 22884763 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins are the most abundant polyphenols in human diets. Epidemiological studies have pointed to proanthocyanidins as promising molecules that could prevent the development of several coronary syndromes by inhibiting the atherogenic process. The present study was designed to investigate the antiatherogenic effects of a proanthocyanidin-rich fraction (PRF) obtained from Croton celtidifolius Baill (Euphorbiaceae) barks. In isolated human LDL, PRF caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of Cu2+-induced oxidative modifications, evidenced by the increasing of the lag phase of lipid peroxidation and decreasing in the oxidation rate (Vmax), moreover, the protein moieties from LDL were protected against Cu2+-induced oxidation. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), PRF reduced the ROS production stimulated by oxidized LDL. Herein, we demonstrate that oral treatment with PRF improved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in hypercholesterolemic LDL receptor knockout mice (LDLr-/-), however, the fraction did not modify plasma lipids and atherosclerotic lesion size in this experimental model. Finally, our results showed for the first time that PRF prevent isolated LDL oxidation, decrease oxidative stress in endothelial cells and improve endothelial function in mice.
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Liu R, He Y, Li B, Liu J, Ren Y, Han W, Wang X, Zhang L. Tenascin-C produced by oxidized LDL-stimulated macrophages increases foam cell formation through Toll-like receptor-4. Mol Cells 2012; 34:35-41. [PMID: 22699754 PMCID: PMC3887780 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-012-0054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which both innate and adaptive immunity are involved. Although there have been major advances in the involvement of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and CD36 in the initiation and development of this disease, detailed mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that tenascin-C (TN-C) can stimulate foam cell formation and this can be inhibited by a TLR4-blocking antibody or CD36 gene silencing. Our results identify TN-C-TLR4 activation as a common molecular mechanism in oxLDL-stimulated foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. In addition, CD36 is the major scavenger receptor responsible for the TN-C-mediated foam cell formation. Taken together, we have identified that TNC produced by oxLDL-stimulated macrophages increases foam cell formation through TLR4 and scavenger receptor CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
P.R. China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
P.R. China
| | - Yingang Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
P.R. China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
P.R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
P.R. China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
P.R. China
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Shih PH, Hwang SL, Yeh CT, Yen GC. Synergistic effect of cyanidin and PPAR agonist against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-mediated oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity through MAPK and Nrf2 transduction pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:2924-2933. [PMID: 22364184 DOI: 10.1021/jf300005v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is caused by an elevation in oxidative stress, which might further lead to hepatic fibrogenesis. Importantly, both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) play roles in modulating oxidative stress-mediated hepatic dysfunction. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of the multifunctional effects of cyanidin on regulating antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress-induced hepatotoxicity. The data indicated that cyanidin-mediated antioxidant enzyme expression involved the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways and Nrf2 activation. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of cyanidin and the PPAR agonist, troglitazone, on Nrf2-PPAR activation, was also observed. Besides, treatment of cyanidin and troglitazone abolished H₂O₂-induced downregulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism. In addition, H₂O₂-mediated cytotoxicity, which was caused by inducing ROS formation and apoptotic cell death, was also ameliorated upon cyanidin and troglitazone stimulation. In conclusion, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the transcription factor Nrf2 played regulatory roles in cyanidin-mediated antioxidant enzyme activation. Furthermore, the combination of cyanidin and troglitazone activated PPARγ-Nrf2 and improved H₂O₂-mediated perturbation of genes involved in lipid metabolism. These data suggested that cyanidin and PPAR agonists might have synergistic benefits against metabolic dysfunction-related oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsiao Shih
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
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Carvajal-Zarrabal O, Barradas-Dermitz DM, Orta-Flores Z, Hayward-Jones PM, Nolasco-Hipólito C, Aguilar-Uscanga MG, Miranda-Medina A, Bujang KB. Hibiscus sabdariffa L., roselle calyx, from ethnobotany to pharmacology. J Exp Pharmacol 2012; 4:25-39. [PMID: 27186114 PMCID: PMC4863543 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s27974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Using MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases, a review of the literature from the pioneering study of 1991 until 2010 was performed on the effects on biological models of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. roselle calyx, its extracts mainly in polar solvents, or pure components found in extracts, as well as their possible relationship to these effects. Three relevant effects on lipid metabolism, antihypertensive activity, and apoptosis were observed. Our chronological review of the studies mentioned in the literature provides another opportunity to see how humans compile scientific knowledge of a chemical structure-physiological activity relationship starting from an ethnobotanical-ethnopharmagognosy contribution. The chemical components that are the main active principles in the physiological activities of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyx are anthocyanins and polyphenols (protocatechuic acid and quercetin). Advances have also been made in the elucidation of action mechanisms. Additionally, it has become clear that the lack of standardization in terms of chemical components of the material arising from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. used in testing on biological models imposes limits on the possibility of carrying out comparative analyses between studies. Fortunately, more recent studies are overcoming this obstacle by reporting component concentrations of assumed active principles; however, complete analysis of the extract, if this is to be considered as a therapeutic agent, is not commonly reported in the aforesaid studies. If one of the eventual scenarios for Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyx is as a therapeutic agent in communities with economic limitations, then studies of a pharmacological nature should guarantee the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of this material, which is widely accepted to be associated with chemical complexity, thus making this knowledge necessary.
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Hibiscus sabdariffa extractivities on cadmium—mediated alterations of human U937 cell viability and activation. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2012; 5:33-6. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(11)60241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Cisse M, Vaillant F, Soro D, Reynes M, Dornier M. Crossflow microfiltration for the cold stabilization of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) extract. J FOOD ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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