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Baškirovs G, Dukurs K, Soliven A, Górnaś P. Evaluation of RPLC stationary phases for tocopherol and tocotrienol positional isomer separation: Method development and profiling. Talanta 2024; 277:126360. [PMID: 38878508 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Reversed-phase separation of tocopherols (Ts) and tocotrienols (Ts) using C18 stationary phases results in the coelution of β and γ positional isomers, leading to identification errors. This study investigates the potential of alternative stationary phase chemistries to effectively resolve tocochromanols, specifically focusing on the critical pair of β and γ positional isomers. Initial screening of seven different stationary phases (C18, C18-PFP, C30, PFP, 5PYE, πNAP, and RP-Amide) was conducted. Linear solvent strength (LSS) studies were performed to assess the impact of the organic modifier (methanol) and temperature on the chromatographic performance parameters. Five columns were found to be suitable for the tocochromanol separation and two different chromatographical conditions per column were proposed. Elution order of tocochromanols was unique for 5PYE, πNAP and C30 columns in comparison to RP-Amide and PFP. Method development for the quantitative analysis of four tocopherol and four tocotrienol homologues was performed. The optimised method employed the RP-Amide (150 × 4.6 mm, 2.6 μm dp) superficially porous particle column, mobile phase of methanol:water of 92:8, v/v, with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, column oven temperature of 40 °C and fluorescence detection (λex 295 nm, λem 330 nm). The analysis run time was 10.5 min with 13.6 MPa back pressure. The method was validated and the obtained LOQs were found to be 1.30-3.13 μg/mL. The method developed was successfully applied for the determination of tocochromanols in twenty samples with unique tocochromanol profiles. Principal component analysis illustrated three distinct groups based on the tocochromanol profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krists Dukurs
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Arianne Soliven
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, South Parramatta, NSW, 2150, Australia
| | - Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia.
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2
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Sarvan I, Jürgensen A, Greiner M, Lindtner O. How long can you store vitamins? Stability of tocopherols and tocotrienol during different storage conditions in broccoli and blueberries. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101444. [PMID: 38756470 PMCID: PMC11096863 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Differences between the stability of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol as well α-tocotrienol stored at -20 °C and -80 °C were studied in broccoli and blueberry samples. Before storage up to 28 days, they underwent different initializing processes such as freezing quickly with liquid nitrogen and freeze-drying, followed by homogenization. While α-tocopherol levels in blueberries did not significantly differ, levels in broccoli were substantially higher after homogenization of freeze-dried samples compared to fresh broccoli samples. This might be caused by higher extractability of α-tocopherol from the changed cell structure. Storage of fresh broccoli samples at -20 °C led to decreasing α-tocopherol levels. Nevertheless, the deviation between freeze-dried samples to the initial fresh samples and fresh samples frozen with liquid nitrogen stored at -20 °C for 7 days were in the same order of magnitude. In conclusion, storage up to 7 days for vitamin relevant samples before analysis seemed to be justifiable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmela Sarvan
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton Jürgensen
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Greiner
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Lindtner
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Generalić Mekinić I, Politeo O, Ljubenkov I, Mastelić L, Popović M, Veršić Bratinčević M, Šimat V, Radman S, Skroza D, Ninčević Runjić T, Runjić M, Dumičić G, Urlić B. The alphabet of sea fennel: Comprehensive phytochemical characterisation of Croatian populations of Crithmum maritimum L. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101386. [PMID: 38681233 PMCID: PMC11052897 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Extreme environmental conditions affect the synthesis and accumulation of bioactive metabolites in halophytic plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and quantity of key health-promoting phytochemicals in Croatian sea fennel, one of the most popular Mediterranean halophytes with a wide range of uses. The EOs were characterised by a high content of limonene (up to 93%), while the fatty acid profile shows a low content of oleic acid and the presence of valuable linoleic acid (ω-6) and linolenic acid (ω-3) in high percentages. The dominances of lutein and α-tocopherol were also confirmed in all samples. The results confirm the great variability in the chemistry of sea fennel populations in the Mediterranean region, with significant differences in the composition of the Croatian samples compared to the others, as well as the presence and high concentrations of the analysed bioactive compounds that contribute to the plant's health-promoting attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Generalić Mekinić
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Olivera Politeo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivica Ljubenkov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Linda Mastelić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marijana Popović
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Maja Veršić Bratinčević
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Vida Šimat
- Department of Marine Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 37, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Sanja Radman
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Danijela Skroza
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Tonka Ninčević Runjić
- Department of Plant Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marko Runjić
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Gvozden Dumičić
- Department of Plant Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Branimir Urlić
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
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Mititelu M, Popovici V, Neacșu SM, Musuc AM, Busnatu ȘS, Oprea E, Boroghină SC, Mihai A, Streba CT, Lupuliasa D, Gheorghe E, Kebbewar N, Lupu CE. Assessment of Dietary and Lifestyle Quality among the Romanian Population in the Post-Pandemic Period. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1006. [PMID: 38786417 PMCID: PMC11121699 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus demonstrated the importance of prevention through a healthy diet and lifestyle, the most vulnerable people being those with severe chronic conditions, those who are overweight, and those with an unbalanced immune system. This study aims to examine the nutritional status and lifestyle behaviors of the Romanian population. METHODS The evaluation of the eating habits and lifestyle of the Romanian population in the post-pandemic period was carried out based on a cross-sectional observational study with the help of a questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 4704 valid answers were registered (3136 female and 1568 male respondents). Among the respondents, most of them belong to the young population, 2892 between the ages of 18 and 40, i.e., 61.5%. Most male respondents are overweight (1400) and obese (780). Most respondents indicated a tendency to consume 1-2 meals per day irregularly (p = 0.617). Only 974 respondents adopted a healthy diet, and 578 a healthy lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS The present study reports low adherence to a healthy diet (20.7%) and healthy lifestyle (12.28%), especially among the young population (<30 years). In the current context, it reports a reduced tendency to consume vegetables and fruits among the population, below the daily average recommended by the nutrition guidelines, a tendency towards sedentary behavior, and even deficient hydration of some of the respondents; these negative aspects can create a long-term series of nutritional and psycho-emotional imbalances. Our results evidence that complex surveys among the population are regularly required to investigate nutritional or lifestyle deficiencies; moreover, it could be helpful in further educational measures in nutrition, food, and environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.M.); (N.K.)
| | - Violeta Popovici
- Center for Mountain Economics, “Costin C. Kiriţescu” National Institute of Economic Research (INCE-CEMONT), Romanian Academy, 725700 Vatra-Dornei, Romania;
| | - Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Eliza Oprea
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Steluța Constanța Boroghină
- Department of Complementary Sciences, History of Medicine and Medical Culture, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Andreea Mihai
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.M.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Costin Teodor Streba
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.M.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Emma Gheorghe
- Department of Preclinical Sciences I—Histology, Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Nadin Kebbewar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.M.); (N.K.)
| | - Carmen Elena Lupu
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900001 Constanta, Romania;
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Czauderna M, Wojtak W, Białek M, Białek A. Optimization of high-efficient pre-column sample treatments and C18-UFLC method for selective quantification of selected chemical forms of tocopherol and tocotrienol in diverse foods. Food Chem 2024; 437:137909. [PMID: 37939419 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The improved pre-column methods followed by gradient elution C18-chromatography (C18-UFLC) with photodiode (DAD) and fluorescence (FLD) detection for analysis of tocotrienols (T3s), tocopherols (Ts), α-tocopheryl acetate and cholesterol in plant, algae and fish oils, milk and animal tissues have been described. C18-chromatography without saponification permitted quantification of T3s and Ts in oils. Quantification of tocols in milk involved saponification followed by C18-chromatography. β-tocol and γ-tocol were unseparated using C18-chromatography. Esterification of hydroxyl group of tocols with trifluoroacetic anhydride allows their satisfactory separation. The combination of esterification of tocols, C18-chromatography and DAD monitoring at 278 and 205 nm provide the suitable analytical tool for quantification of β- and γ-forms of tocols in biological samples. Our original C18-chromatographic methods are satisfactory precise, accurate, repeatable and offer low values of limit of detection (<10 ng/mL) and limit of quantification (<27 ng/mL) for assayed tocols and cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Czauderna
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
| | - Wiktoria Wojtak
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Białek
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Białek
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland; University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland.
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6
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Fratianni A, Albanese D, Ianiri G, Vitone C, Malvano F, Avino P, Panfili G. Evaluation of the Content of Minerals, B-Group Vitamins, Tocols, and Carotenoids in Raw and In-House Cooked Wild Edible Plants. Foods 2024; 13:472. [PMID: 38338607 PMCID: PMC10855799 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Notwithstanding the increased interest in wild edible plants, little is known on how some domestic thermal processes can affect their content. The aim of this study was to investigate the amounts of minerals, B1 and B2 vitamins, tocols, and carotenoids in raw, boiled, and steamed wild edible plants, namely, Sonchus asper (L.) Hill s.l., Sonchus oleraceus L., Cichorium intybus L., and Beta vulgaris L. var cicla. All vegetables were confirmed as high sources of lutein (from 6 to 9 mg/100 g) and β-carotene (from 2 to 5 mg/100 g). Quite high amounts of violaxanthin and neoxanthin were found. Alfa-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol were the main tocols, with same contents in raw and processed vegetables (about 2.5 mg/100 g). The most abundant macro element and trace element were, respectively, potassium and iron. B1 and B2 vitamins were found in low amounts in almost all plants, with the exception of thiamine in Beta vulgaris (about 1.6 mg/100 g). Boiling led to a significant loss of minerals (up to 60%) and B-group vitamins (up to 100%), while, among carotenoids, it only affected violaxanthin levels (up to 90%). Steamed vegetables showed only a slight reduction, about 20%, in β-carotene and lutein, with a marked decrease in violaxanthin and neoxanthin. One hundred grams of all fresh and cooked plants can be claimed as a source of vitamin A and E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Fratianni
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.I.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Donatella Albanese
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (D.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Ianiri
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.I.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Caroline Vitone
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.I.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Francesca Malvano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (D.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Pasquale Avino
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.I.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Gianfranco Panfili
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.I.); (C.V.); (P.A.); (G.P.)
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Mishra S, Sahani S, Pandhi S, Kumar A, Mahato DK, Kumar P, Khaire KC, Rai A. Enhancement in Biological Availability of Vitamins by Nano-engineering and its Applications: An Update. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1523-1537. [PMID: 37936473 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010251234231025085759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin nano-engineering has been accomplished by synthesizing various nanostructures to improve their stability, bioavailability, shelf life, and functioning. This review provides a detailed description of recent advances in the art of encapsulation with high efficiency through the use of practical and logistic nano-engineering techniques such as nanofibres, nanogels, nanobeads, nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanoliposomes, and many other nanostructures. To demonstrate the interaction of molecules with nano-forms, the bioavailability of several vitamins such as B, C, E, A, D, and others in the form of nanostructures is explored. This review will provide a thorough understanding of how to improve bioavailability and nanostructure selection to extend the utility, shelf life, and structural stability of vitamins. While nanoencapsulation can improve vitamin stability and distribution, the materials employed in nanotechnologies may offer concerns if they are not sufficiently tested for safety. If nanoparticles are not adequately designed and evaluated, they may cause inflammation, oxidative stress, or other unwanted effects. Researchers and makers of nanomaterials and medication delivery systems should adhere to established rules and regulations. Furthermore, long-term studies are required to monitor any negative consequences that may result from the use of nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhna Mishra
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, GLA University, Mathura-281406, India
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Shalini Sahani
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Shikha Pandhi
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Dipendra Kumar Mahato
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Kaustubh Chandrakant Khaire
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Ashutosh Rai
- Department of Basic and Social Sciences, College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda-210001, India
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Hammerschick T, Graf J, Vetter W. LC-Orbitrap-HRMS Determination of Two Novel Plastochromanol Homologues. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300333. [PMID: 37888832 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The antioxidant plastochromanol-8 (PC-8) is a tocochromanol which differs from γ-tocotrienol in having an unsaturated side chain of eight instead of three isoprene units. The recent isolation of PC-8 from flaxseed oil indicates the additional presence of lower shares of two previously unknown homologues, plastochromanol-7 (PC-7) and plastochromanol-9 (PC-9), which feature seven and nine isoprenoid units respectively on the γ-chromanol backbone. Here, a fast LC-Orbitrap-HRMS method is applied for the determination of PC-7 and PC-9 in seven plant oils and a plant extract. METHODS AND RESULTS The presence of PC-7, PC-8, and PC-9 is confirmed in all eight investigated samples by LC-Orbitrap-HRMS analysis after saponification. PC-8 amounts of ≈315-350 mg kg-1 in two flaxseed oils, ≈75 mg kg-1 in rapeseed oil, ≈38 mg kg-1 in camelina oil, ≈80-120 mg kg-1 in two mustard oils, ≈90 mg kg-1 in candle nut oil, and ≈900 mg kg-1 dry weight in Cecropia leaves are determined by quantification. Semi-quantification of PC-7 and PC-9 indicated the presence of ≈0.1-1% of PC-7 and PC-9 in varied relative ratios. CONCLUSION The novel plastochromanol homologues are of particular interest to researchers with focus on vitamin E and other tocochromanols because of their unexplored bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hammerschick
- Department of Food Chemistry (170b), Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, D-70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jana Graf
- Department of Food Chemistry (170b), Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, D-70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Walter Vetter
- Department of Food Chemistry (170b), Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, D-70593, Stuttgart, Germany
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9
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Maman S, Muthusamy V, Katral A, Chhabra R, Gain N, Reddappa SB, Dutta S, Solanke AU, Zunjare RU, Neeraja CN, Yadava DK, Hossain F. Low expression of lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3) enhances the retention of kernel tocopherols in maize during storage. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9283-9294. [PMID: 37812350 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficiency of vitamin E results in several neurological and age-related disorders in humans. Utilization of maize mutants with favourable vte4-allele led to the development of several α-tocopherol (vitamin E) rich (16-19 µg/g) maize hybrids worldwide. However, the degradation of tocopherols during post-harvest storage substantially affects the efficacy of these genotypes. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied the role of lipoxygenase enzyme and Lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3) gene on the degradation of tocopherols at monthly intervals under traditional storage up to six months in two vte4-based contrasting-tocopherol retention maize inbreds viz. HKI323-PVE and HKI193-1-PVE. The analysis revealed significant degradation of tocopherols across storage intervals in both the inbreds. Lower retention of α-tocopherol was noticed in HKI193-1-PVE. HKI323-PVE with the higher retention of α-tocopherol showed lower lipoxygenase activity throughout the storage intervals. LOX3 gene expression was higher (~ 1.5-fold) in HKI193-1-PVE compared to HKI323-PVE across the storage intervals. Both lipoxygenase activity and LOX3 expression peaked at 120 days after storage (DAS) in both genotypes. Further, a similar trend was observed for LOX3 expression and lipoxygenase activity. The α-tocopherol exhibited a significantly negative correlation with lipoxygenase enzyme and expression of LOX3 across the storage intervals. CONCLUSIONS HKI323-PVE with high tocopherol retention, low -lipoxygenase activity, and -LOX3 gene expression can act as a potential donor in the vitamin E biofortification program. Protein-protein association network analysis also indicated the independent effect of vte4 and LOX genes. This is the first comprehensive report analyzing the expression of the LOX3 gene and deciphering its vital role in the retention of α-tocopherol in biofortified maize varieties under traditional storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalma Maman
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vignesh Muthusamy
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
| | - Ashvinkumar Katral
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rashmi Chhabra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Nisrita Gain
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Suman Dutta
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Firoz Hossain
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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10
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Wronkowska M, Bączek N, Honke J, Topolska J, Wiczkowski W, Zieliński H. Wheat Roll Enhanced by Buckwheat Hull, a New Functional Food: Focus on the Retention of Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114565. [PMID: 37299040 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat roll enhanced by buckwheat hull was used as a model for determining the retention of bioactive compounds during technological steps. The research included analysis of the formation of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) and retention of bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, glutathione, or antioxidant capacity. About a 30% decrease in the content of available lysine in the roll was observed compared to the value obtained for fermented dough. Free FIC, FAST index, and browning index were highest for the final products. The increase of analyzed tocopherols (α-, β-,γ-, and δ-T) was noticed during the technological steps, with the highest values found for the roll with 3% of buckwheat hull. A significant reduction in GSH and GSSG content occurred during the baking process. The observed increase in the value of the antioxidant capacity after the baking process may be the result of the formation of new antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Wronkowska
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Natalia Bączek
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Honke
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Topolska
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Henryk Zieliński
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
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11
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Zheng L, Zhu M, Zhang F, Jin J, Jin Q, Guo H. Activity and Characterization of Tocopherol Oxidase in Corn Germs and Its Relationship with Oil Color Reversion. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062659. [PMID: 36985631 PMCID: PMC10056654 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Color reversion has long been a major problem for the vegetable oil industry, and the enzymatic oxidation of γ-tocopherol is thought to trigger this phenomenon. In this study, first, the extraction, purification, and detailed characterization of tocopherol oxidase from fresh corn germs were performed. Then, the relationship between the enzyme reaction of γ-tocopherol and oil color reversion was verified. The results showed that the membrane-free extracts of raw corn germ performed specific catalysis of tocopherol in the presence of lecithin. In terms of the oxidation product, tocored (the precursor of color reversion) was detected in the mixture after the catalytic reactions, indicating that this anticipated enzyme reaction was probably correlated with the color reversion. Furthermore, the optimal pH and temperature for the tocopherol oxidase enzyme were 4.6 and 20 °C, respectively. In addition, ascorbic acid at 1.0 mM completely inhibited the enzymatic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyou Zheng
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China; (L.Z.)
| | - Miaomiao Zhu
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China; (L.Z.)
| | - Fei Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jun Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China; (L.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Bel-Serrat S, von der Schulenburg A, Marques-Previ M, Mullee A, Murrin CM. What are the determinants of vegetable intake among adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged urban areas? A systematic review of qualitative studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:158. [PMID: 36572889 PMCID: PMC9793665 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence available on the determinants of vegetable intake in young populations is inconsistent. Vegetable intake is particularly low in adolescents from less-affluent backgrounds, yet no systematic review of qualitative studies investigating determinants for vegetable intake specifically has been conducted to date in this group. This systematic review aimed to identify determinants of vegetable intake in adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged urban areas located in very high-income countries reported in qualitative studies. METHODS Five electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO and ERIC) were searched until August 2022. The search strategy used combinations of synonyms for vegetable intake, adolescents, and qualitative methodologies. Main inclusion criteria were studies exploring views and experiences of motivators and barriers to vegetable intake in a sample of adolescents aged 12-18 years from socioeconomically disadvantaged urban areas in very high income countries. Study quality assessment was conducted using criteria established in a previous review. RESULTS Sixteen studies were included out of the 984 screened citations and 63 full texts. The synthesis of findings identified the following determinants of vegetable intake: sensory attributes of vegetables; psychosocial factors (nutrition knowledge, preferences/liking, self-efficacy, motivation); lifestyle factors (cost/price, time, convenience); fast food properties (taste, cost, satiety); home environment and parental influence; friends' influence; school food environment, nutrition education and teachers' support; and availability and accessibility of vegetables in the community and community nutrition practices. Studies attained between 18 and 49 out of 61 quality points, with eleven of 16 studies reaching ≥ 40 points. One main reason for lower scores was lack of data validation. CONCLUSION Multiple determinants of vegetable intake were identified complementing those investigated in quantitative studies. Future large scale quantitative studies should attempt to examine the relative importance of these determinants in order to guide the development of successful interventions in adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bel-Serrat
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Woodview House, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Antje von der Schulenburg
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Woodview House, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Marques-Previ
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Woodview House, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amy Mullee
- grid.516689.50000 0005 0713 0550Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Atlantic Technological University, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Celine M Murrin
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Woodview House, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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13
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Effect of different cooking method on vitamin E and K content and true retention of legumes and vegetables commonly consumed in Korea. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 32:647-658. [PMID: 37009044 PMCID: PMC10050254 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of cooking method on the content and true retention of vitamin E and K in legumes and vegetables, which are commonly consumed in Korea. Among eight isomers of vitamin E, α- and γ-tocopherol were detected at 0.44-1.03 and 2.05-2.11 mg/100 g, respectively, in legumes including chick pea, kidney bean, lentil, pea, and sword bean and they were decreased after boiling. Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) was present at a range of 31.33 to 91.34 μg/100 g in legumes and true retention was reduced after boiling. In 21 kinds of vegetables, α-tocopherol and phylloquinone were present at 0.14-1.85 mg/100 g and 34.55-510.83 μg/100 g, respectively. α-Tocopherol and phylloquinone increased in most vegetables after cooking via blanching, boiling, steaming, and grilling. This study revealed that cooking changed vitamin E and K contents of legumes and vegetables and the changes were dependent on the type of food and cooking method. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01206-9.
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Influence of Drought Stress on Physiological Responses and Bioactive Compounds in Chicory ( Cichorium intybus L.): Opportunity for a Sustainable Agriculture. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223725. [PMID: 36429317 PMCID: PMC9689432 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Food production from agriculture depends on irrigation, mainly in poor rainfall zones, such as the Mediterranean region. Chicory is an important food crop component of the Mediterranean diet. Considering the increasing incidence of drought due to climate change, this study was carried out in order to investigate the effect of moderate drought stress on photosynthesis, leaf gaseous exchange, growth, and tocol and carotenoid composition of chicory under field conditions. Chicory was subjected to rainfed condition stress in a randomized block design. At 50 days of treatment, drought stress caused about 48% reduction in dry matter, 30% in leaf relative water content, and about 25% in photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, whereas mesophyll conductance was not affected. A strong relationship between photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance was observed. In the rainfed chicory, at the end of treatment, an increase (about 20%) in carotenoid and tocopherol content was found, thus, giving further insight into the positive effect of moderate drought stress on these compounds. This finding suggests that under proper rainfed conditions, it is possible to increase and save the quality of dry chicory, although yield loss occurs.
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15
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Free and Esterified Tocopherols, Tocotrienols and Other Extractable and Non-Extractable Tocochromanol-Related Molecules: Compendium of Knowledge, Future Perspectives and Recommendations for Chromatographic Techniques, Tools, and Approaches Used for Tocochromanol Determination. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196560. [PMID: 36235100 PMCID: PMC9573122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Free and esterified (bound) tocopherols, tocotrienols and other tocochromanol-related compounds, often referred to "tocols", are lipophilic antioxidants of great importance for health. For instance, α-tocopherol is the only tocochromanol with vitamin E activity, while tocotrienols have a positive impact on health and are proposed in the prevention and therapy of so-called modern diseases. Tocopherols, tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8 are the most well-known tocochromanols; in turn, knowledge about tocodienols, tocomonoenols, and other rare tocochromanol-related compounds is limited due to several challenges in analytical chemistry and/or low concentration in plant material. The presence of free, esterified, and non-extractable tocochromanols in plant material as well as their biological function, which may be of great scientific, agricultural and medicinal importance, is also poorly studied. Due to the lack of modern protocols as well as equipment and tools, for instance, techniques suitable for the efficient and simultaneous chromatographical separation of major and minor tocochromanols, the topic requires attention and new solutions, and/or standardization, and proper terminology. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different chromatographic techniques, tools and approaches used for the separation and detection of different tocochromanols in plant material and foodstuffs. Sources of tocochromanols and procedures for obtaining different tocochromanol analytical standards are also described. Finally, future challenges are discussed and perspective green techniques for tocochromanol determination are proposed along with best practice recommendations. The present manuscript aims to present key aspects and protocols related to tocochromanol determination, correct identification, and the interpretation of obtained results.
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16
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Campos Espinosa GY, Dörr de Quadros P, Fulthorpe RR, Tsopmo A. Vitamin contents and antioxidant capacity of hydroponic grown sweet basil inoculated with endophytic bacteria. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.954956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of inoculated endophytic bacteria on the concentrations of vitamins E (tocopherols), K (phylloquinone), B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), C (ascorbic acid) and the peroxyl radical scavenging capacity of hydroponically grown sweet basil. Endophytic strains were all isolated from hydrocarbon-stressed herbaceous plants or from basil showing superior growth. Plants inoculated with the endophytes displayed up to 40% increase (p < 0.05) in the concentration of the reduced form of vitamin C relative to control [0.56 mg/g fresh weight (FW)] which indicated less oxidative stress in the presence of endophytes. In the case of γ-tocopherol, the highest content [25.8 μg/g of fresh weight (FW)] in inoculated basils was significantly higher compared to control plants (18.5 ± 1.2 μg/g FW) (p < 0.05). Antioxidant activity (ROO∙ radicals scavenging) was as high as 94 ± 4 μM Trolox equivalents (TE)/g FW vs. 53 ± 5 μM TE/g FW for the control basil. Concentrations of vitamins C, B1, and B2 were not affected by most strains. The results showed that endophytic bacteria have the capacity to alter free radical quenching capacity and vitamin concentrations in basil plants and, that their effect is strain and nutrient dependent.
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Simultaneous Determination of Retinols and Tocols in Egg and Milk Products Based on RP-HPLC Linked with Fluorescent and Photodiode Array. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8431662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we built a method of verifying the 4 retinols of vitamin A and 8 tocopherol isomers of vitamin E in the food industry based on RP-HPLC-PDA-FLR. The effect of laboratory light conditions on the target components was considered for the first time, and it was found that the loss rate of the target components was the smallest in the case of a white laboratory bench with red or LED light in the dark room. There was no finding of extraction recoveries of the target components with a significant difference under different saponification conditions. Meanwhile, it was found that using ethyl acetate/n-hexane mixed solvent as the extraction solvent could ensure the effective extraction of the target components. Finally, baseline separation of 12 components was achieved within 45 min using the C30 column. With the help of methodological verification, we found that the recovery rate ranged from 76.45% to 93.52%, and RSD was between 0.19% and 12.99%; the Limit of Detection minimum value was 0.01 mg/100 g and the Limit of Quantitation minimum value was 0.03 mg/100 g. The detection method was successfully applied to the distribution detection of 4 kinds of retinols and 8 kinds of vitamin E in egg and dairy products and provided technical support for the accurate nutritional evaluation of vitamin A and vitamin E.
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18
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Zaaboul F, Liu Y. Vitamin E in foodstuff: Nutritional, analytical, and food technology aspects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:964-998. [PMID: 35181987 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E is a group of isoprenoid chromanols with different biological activities. It comprises eight oil-soluble compounds: four tocopherols, namely, α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols; and four tocotrienols, namely, α-, β-, γ, and δ-tocotrienols. Vitamin E isomers are well-known for their antioxidant activity, gene-regulation effects, and anti-inflammatory and nephroprotective properties. Considering that vitamin E is exclusively synthesized by photosynthetic organisms, animals can only acquire it through their diet. Plant-based food is the primary source of vitamin E; hence, oils, nuts, fruits, and vegetables with high contents of vitamin E are mostly consumed after processing, including industrial processes and home-cooking, which involve vitamin E profile and content alteration during their preparation. Accordingly, it is essential to identify the vitamin E content and profile in foodstuff to match daily intake requirements. This review summarizes recent advances in vitamin E chemistry, metabolism and metabolites, current knowledge on their contents and profiles in raw and processed plant foods, and finally, their modern developments in analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Zaaboul
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic China
| | - YuanFa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic China
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19
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Phytonutrients and Metabolism Changes in Topped Radish Root and Its Detached Leaves during 1 °C Cold Postharvest Storage. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Glucosinolates, lipid-soluble vitamins E and K contents, primary metabolites and plant hormones were analyzed from topped radish root and detached leaf during storage at 1 °C. The topped root was analyzed at 0, 5, 15, 30, and 90 days after storage while the detached leaf was analyzed at 0, 5, 15, 30, and 45 days in an airtight storage atmosphere environment. The results showed that aliphatic glucosinolates were gradually decreased in leaf but not in root. There was a highly significant correlation between tryptophan and 4-methoxyindoleglucobrassicin in both tissues (r = 0.922, n = 10). There was no significant difference in vitamins E and K in leaf and root during storage. Plant hormones partially explained the significantly changed metabolites by tissue and time, which were identified during cold storage. Phenylalanine, lysine, tryptophan, and myo-inositol were the most important biomarkers that explained the difference in leaf and root tissue during cold storage. The most different metabolism between leaf and root tissue was starch and sucrose metabolism. Therefore, different postharvest technology or regimes should be applied to these tissues.
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20
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Benedetti B, Sanchez del Pulgar J, Di Lena G, Lombardi-Boccia G. Simultaneous analysis of 21 bioactive compounds in biorefinery oil: Multivariate optimization of a method based on liquid chromatography, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and tandem mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Kim SE, Bian X, Lee CJ, Park SU, Lim YH, Kim BH, Park WS, Ahn MJ, Ji CY, Yu Y, Xie Y, Kwak SS, Kim HS. Overexpression of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (IbHPPD) increases abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic sweetpotato plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:420-429. [PMID: 34411781 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tocopherols are lipid-soluble compounds regarded as vitamin E compounds and they function as antioxidants in scavenging lipid peroxyl radicals and quenching reactive oxygen species (ROS). In our previous studies, we isolated five tocopherol biosynthesis genes from sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) plants including 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (IbHPPD). HPPD is the first regulatory enzyme in vitamin E biosynthesis and serves to catalyze in the first steps α-tocopherol and plastoquinone biosynthesis by converting 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) to homogentisic acid (HGA). In this study, we generated transgenic sweetpotato plants overexpressing IbHPPD under the control of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter (referred to as HP plants) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to understand the function of IbHPPD in sweetpotato. Three transgenic lines (HP3, HP14 and HP15) with high transcript levels of IbHPPD were selected for further characterization. Compared with non-transgenic (NT) plants, HP plants exhibited enhanced tolerance to multiple environmental stresses, including salt, drought, and oxidative stresses. In addition, HP plants showed increased tolerance to the herbicide sulcotrione, which is involved in the inhibition of the HPPD. Interestingly, after stress treatments, HP plants also showed higher abscisic acid (ABA) contents than NT plants. Under dehydrated condition, HP plants displayed an elevated α-tocopherol content to 19-27% in leaves compared with NT plants. These results indicate that increased abiotic stress tolerance in HP plants is related to inducing enhancement of α-tocopherol and ABA contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Eun Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaofeng Bian
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chan-Ju Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sul-U Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Hoon Lim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Beg Hab Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudae-ro, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudae-ro, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Ji
- R&D Center, Genolution Inc., 11, Beobwon-ro 11-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Yu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yizhi Xie
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sang-Soo Kwak
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Soo Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Szewczyk K, Chojnacka A, Górnicka M. Tocopherols and Tocotrienols-Bioactive Dietary Compounds; What Is Certain, What Is Doubt? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6222. [PMID: 34207571 PMCID: PMC8227182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tocopherols and tocotrienols are natural compounds of plant origin, available in the nature. They are supplied in various amounts in a diet, mainly from vegetable oils, some oilseeds, and nuts. The main forms in the diet are α- and γ-tocopherol, due to the highest content in food products. Nevertheless, α-tocopherol is the main form of vitamin E with the highest tissue concentration. The α- forms of both tocopherols and tocotrienols are considered as the most metabolically active. Currently, research results indicate also a greater antioxidant potential of tocotrienols than tocopherols. Moreover, the biological role of vitamin E metabolites have received increasing interest. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of tocopherol and tocotrienol bioactivity, with a particular focus on their bioavailability, distribution, and metabolism determinants in humans. Almost one hundred years after the start of research on α-tocopherol, its biological properties are still under investigation. For several decades, researchers' interest in the biological importance of other forms of vitamin E has also been growing. Some of the functions, for instance the antioxidant functions of α- and γ-tocopherols, have been confirmed in humans, while others, such as the relationship with metabolic disorders, are still under investigation. Some studies, which analyzed the biological role and mechanisms of tocopherols and tocotrienols over the past few years described new and even unexpected cellular and molecular properties that will be the subject of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Szewczyk
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Chojnacka
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Górnicka
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Fratianni A, D’Agostino A, Niro S, Bufano A, Paura B, Panfili G. Loss or Gain of Lipophilic Bioactive Compounds in Vegetables after Domestic Cooking? Effect of Steaming and Boiling. Foods 2021; 10:foods10050960. [PMID: 33924885 PMCID: PMC8145054 DOI: 10.3390/foods10050960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipophilic antioxidants are essential components, which have been pointed as bioactive beneficial for human health. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of domestic cooking (boiling, steaming) on the main carotenoids (lutein and β-carotene) and tocols in four different green leafy vegetables: Sonchus asper L. Hill, Sonchus oleraceus L., Spinacia oleracea L. and Cichorium intybus L. The total content of the analyzed compounds was determined following the method of alkaline hydrolysis of the matrix and solvent extraction. The leaching of soluble solids after domestic cooking was found to determine a gain in the investigated bioactive compounds in the cooked vegetables, so to cause an apparent content increase in all leafy vegetables, when expressed as mg/100 g dry matter. Considering solid losses, all lipophilic compounds were not affected by boiling; on the contrary, steaming slightly significantly decreased the contents of lutein and β-carotene (on average 20 and 15%, respectively).
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Abstract
Tocols are present in various foods, mostly in fruits and in plant seeds. Edible oils are the most important natural dietary sources of tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively known as tocols. Tocopherols and tocotrienols are considered beneficial for their antioxidant effect which impacts on prevention of different health conditions. This perspective is addressed to give an updated picture of the tocol occurrence in foods. Moreover, the current state of the art of tocols in updated databases is explored and commented outlining their importance and future trends.
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Impact of Mild Oven Cooking Treatments on Carotenoids and Tocopherols of Cheddar and Depurple Cauliflower ( Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis). Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020196. [PMID: 33572861 PMCID: PMC7911714 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of steam and sous-vide oven procedures on liposoluble antioxidants of colored cauliflower (orange and purple) was assessed for the first time and compared with domestic practice (boiling). In raw samples, the total carotenoid content was 10-fold higher in Cheddar than in Depurple (20.9 ± 2.1 vs. 2.3 ± 0.5 mg/kg dry weight), whereas the level of tocopherols was similar (28.5 ± 4.4 vs. 33 ± 5.2 mg/kg dry weight). The Cheddar liposoluble antioxidant matter contained violaxanthin, neoxanthin, α-carotene and δ-tocopherol, not detected in Depurple. All tests increased the bioactive compounds extractability with steam oven and sous-vide displaying similar effects, lower than boiling. In boiled Cheddar cauliflower, the total carotenoids and tocopherols contents increased with cooking time until they were 13-fold and 6-fold more than in raw cauliflower, respectively. Conversely, in the Depurple variety, contents increased by half with respect to the orange variety. However, from a nutritional point of view, no differences were revealed among the three different cooking treatments in terms of vitamin A and E levels expressed in μg/100 g of fresh vegetable because of the higher water content of boiled samples that must be considered when evaluating the effect of thermal treatment on cauliflower nutritional traits.
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Mladenović-Drinić S, Vukadinović J, Srdić J, Milašinović-Šeremešić M, Anđelković V. Effect of cooking on the content of carotenoids and tocopherols in sweet corn. FOOD AND FEED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/ffr48-31960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Taste and nutritional value make sweet corn a valued plant and an important component of the human diet worldwide. Kernel nutritive composition of sweet corn has been reported in various papers, but a description of carotenoid and tocopherols profile, especially after cooking is scarce. Therefore, the present study was carried out to compare the carotenoid and tocopherol content in sweet corn before and after cooking. Contents of b-carotene, lutein+zeaxanthin and tocopherols (d-T, b+g-T, a-T) in the kernels of twelve sweet corn hybrids were determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and were expressed as the mean value of three independent measurements. Both genotype and cooking affected the content of the carotenoids and tocopherols in the kernel. The highest content of total carotenoids before and after cooking was found in hybrid ZP486/1su (27.77/45.28 µg/g) whereas the lowest content was in hybrid ZP 355su (10.27 µg/g) before cooking i.e. in hybrid ZP 347su (24.55 µg/g) after cooking. The cooking resulted in a significant increase in the content of total carotenoids and tocopherols, lutein+zeaxanthin, and b-carotene in all hybrids, except the ZP504su in which the b-carotene content decreased. An increase in a-tocopherol after cooking was observed in hybrids ZP485/1su and ZP484/1su, while a decrease was in hybrids ZP481/1su, ZP486/1su and ZP477/2su. The results showed that increasing micronutrient content is genotype-dependent. This study confirmed that cooking increases the nutritional value of sweet corn and gives it additional value in terms of functional food.
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Mladenović-Drinić S, Vukadinović J, Srdić J, Milašinović-Šeremešić M, Anđelković V. Effect of cooking on the content of carotenoids and tocopherols in sweet corn. FOOD AND FEED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/ffr0-31960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Taste and nutritional value make sweet corn a valued plant and an important component of the human diet worldwide. Kernel nutritive composition of sweet corn has been reported in various papers, but a description of carotenoid and tocopherols profile, especially after cooking is scarce. Therefore, the present study was carried out to compare the carotenoid and tocopherol content in sweet corn before and after cooking. Contents of b-carotene, lutein+zeaxanthin and tocopherols (d-T, b+g-T, a-T) in the kernels of twelve sweet corn hybrids were determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and were expressed as the mean value of three independent measurements. Both genotype and cooking affected the content of the carotenoids and tocopherols in the kernel. The highest content of total carotenoids before and after cooking was found in hybrid ZP486/1su (27.77/45.28 µg/g) whereas the lowest content was in hybrid ZP 355su (10.27 µg/g) before cooking i.e. in hybrid ZP 347su (24.55 µg/g) after cooking. The cooking resulted in a significant increase in the content of total carotenoids and tocopherols, lutein+zeaxanthin, and b-carotene in all hybrids, except the ZP504su in which the b-carotene content decreased. An increase in a-tocopherol after cooking was observed in hybrids ZP485/1su and ZP484/1su, while a decrease was in hybrids ZP481/1su, ZP486/1su and ZP477/2su. The results showed that increasing micronutrient content is genotype-dependent. This study confirmed that cooking increases the nutritional value of sweet corn and gives it additional value in terms of functional food.
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Panfili G, Niro S, Bufano A, D'Agostino A, Fratianni A, Paura B, Falasca L, Cinquanta L. Bioactive Compounds in Wild Asteraceae Edible Plants Consumed in the Mediterranean Diet. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 75:540-546. [PMID: 32803719 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-020-00842-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Three wild edible plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family, Crepis vesicaria L. (s.l.), Sonchus asper (L.) Hill s.l., and Sonchus oleraceus L., usually consumed in the Mediterranean diet, were tested for their nutritional composition and content of carotenoids, tocols, thiamine and riboflavin. Low amounts of thiamine and riboflavin were found. All species were sources of xanthophylls (violaxanthin, neoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin) and carotenes (α-carotene, β-carotene, 9-cis-β-carotene and 13-cis-β-carotene). Lutein accounted for the highest content (about 4 mg/100 g). They had good tocol amounts, in particular α-tocopherol (about 2-3 mg/100 g). Taking into account the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) established by the EU Regulation, the analyzed plants can be declared as a source of fiber, vitamin A and E. These data could be useful for database on the nutritional and bioactive compound profile of studied plants and can contribute in promoting their use in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Panfili
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Serena Niro
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Annarita Bufano
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Annacristina D'Agostino
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fratianni
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Bruno Paura
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luisa Falasca
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luciano Cinquanta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, 90128, Palermo, Italy
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Sarkar T, Salauddin M, Hazra SK, Chakraborty R. The impact of raw and differently dried pineapple ( Ananas comosus) fortification on the vitamins, organic acid and carotene profile of dairy rasgulla (sweetened cheese ball). Heliyon 2020; 6:e05233. [PMID: 33102856 PMCID: PMC7569334 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pineapple, a tropical fruit that is well known for its excellent nutritional characteristics. Rasgulla (sweetened cheese ball) is a dairy based popular sweet found all over India. To enrich the nutritional profile, vitamin content, organic acid and carotene content profile of normal dairy rasgulla (sweetened casein ball) and to make it functionally more active for human health, fortification of rasgulla has been done by using normal pineapple pulp along with hot air, freeze, microwave and microwave convective dried pineapple pulp for overall comparative analysis and they are coded as PP, PH, PF, PMW and PMWC respectively. By using RP-HPLC method quantification of vitamin A, vitamin B group (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7 and B12), tocopherols (α, β, γ and δ form), vitamin C, carotene (α, β, γ and δ form) profile and organic acid profile (oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, propionic acid, succinic acid [SA], and fumaric acid) of all the rasgulla samples are estimated. A significant increase is found for differently fortified rasgulla samples in terms of vitamins content, organic acid and carotene content. B1, B3, B7 and B12 are found maximum in PF whereas B5, B6 and B2 are found maximum for PMWC, PP and NR. The maximum amount of vitamin C and tocopherol are found in PP and PF. PMWC is reported to have maximum carotene content compared to all other samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, West Bengal 732102, India
| | - Molla Salauddin
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sudipta Kumar Hazra
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Runu Chakraborty
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Corresponding author.
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Bianchi F, Soini E, Ciesa F, Bortolotti L, Guerra W, Robatscher P, Oberhuber M. L-ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol content in apple pulp: a comparison between 24 cultivars and annual variations during three harvest seasons. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1820515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Bianchi
- Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), BZ, Italy
| | - Evelyn Soini
- Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), BZ, Italy
| | - Flavio Ciesa
- Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), BZ, Italy
- Provincial Environment Agency, Laboratory of Food Analysis, Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Laura Bortolotti
- Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), BZ, Italy
| | - Walter Guerra
- Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), BZ, Italy
| | - Peter Robatscher
- Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), BZ, Italy
| | - Michael Oberhuber
- Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), BZ, Italy
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Arslan D, Demir MK, Acar A, Arslan FN. Investigation of Wheat Germ and Oil Characteristics with Regard to Different Stabilization Techniques. Food Technol Biotechnol 2020; 58:348-355. [PMID: 33281490 PMCID: PMC7709457 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.58.03.20.6638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
RESEARCH BACKGROUND Utilization of wheat germ and wheat germ oil is limited due to high enzymatic activity and the presence of unsaturated fatty acids, which require stabilization techniques to overcome this problem. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In this study, the effects of stabilization methods (dry convective oven heating at 90 and 160 °C, microwave radiation at 180 and 360 W, and autoclave steaming) on both wheat germ and its oil were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Steaming caused the most dramatic changes in lipoxygenase activity, free fatty acid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and mass fractions of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Lower peroxide values were measured in the oil samples treated with convectional heating (160 °C) and steaming at temperatures above 100 °C. However, p-anisidine values of samples treated at higher temperatures were considerably greater than those of samples stabilized at lower temperatures. Oven heating at 160 °C was also one of the most effective treatments, after steaming, for the inactivation of lipoxygenase. Steaming significantly reduced mass fraction of total tocopherols, which was directly associated with the greater loss of β-tocopherol content. On the contrary, γ- and δ-tocopherol and tocotrienol homologues were abundant with higher amounts in steamed samples. α-Tocopherol and γ-tocotrienol were the most resistant isomers to stabilization processes. NOVELTY AND SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTION This study shows that the high temperature oven heating method, which is widely used in the industry for thermal stabilization of wheat germ, does not provide an advantage in oxidative stability compared to steaming and microwave applications. Steaming delayed oxidation in the germ, while further inhibiting lipoxygenase activity. Moreover, tocotrienols were more conservable. In industrial application, low-power microwave (180 instead of 360 W) and oven heating at lower temperature (90 instead of 160 °C) would be preferable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Arslan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Necmettin Erbakan University, Koycegiz Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - M. Kürşat Demir
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Necmettin Erbakan University, Koycegiz Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ayşenur Acar
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Necmettin Erbakan University, Koycegiz Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Nur Arslan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Domestic cooking practices influence the carotenoid and tocopherol content in colored cauliflower. Food Chem 2020; 340:127901. [PMID: 32889204 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cauliflowers are generally associated with healthy diets due to their positive impact on health. This research aims to evaluate the effects of cooking processes (boiling, steaming and microwaving) and different preparation times, on the content of carotenoids and provitamin A and tocopherols, in cauliflowers and to verify the effect of the cooking process on maintaining the coloring. The results revealed that the thermal processinfluencedthe antioxidant compounds releaseindependent of genotype. The highest content of zeaxanthin and lutein was found in 'Verde di Macerata' after boiling for 20 min. 'Cheddar' presented the highest content of all carotenoids and when steamed for 20 min, the highest levels ofprovitamin Awere observed.Microwaved and bolied 'Grafitti' for longer times showed the highest retention of tocopherol. The cooking did not negatively affect the visual aspect. 'Verde di Macerata' and 'Cheddar' may be good sources of carotenoids and tocopherols.
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Kim SE, Lee CJ, Ji CY, Kim HS, Park SU, Lim YH, Park WS, Ahn MJ, Bian X, Xie Y, Guo X, Kwak SS. Transgenic sweetpotato plants overexpressing tocopherol cyclase display enhanced α-tocopherol content and abiotic stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:436-444. [PMID: 31639559 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) under various environmental stresses significantly reduces plant productivity. Tocopherols (collectively known as vitamin E) are a group of lipophilic antioxidants that protect cellular components against oxidative stress. Previously, we isolated five tocopherol biosynthesis genes from sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) plants, including tocopherol cyclase (IbTC). In this study, we generated transgenic sweetpotato plants overexpressing IbTC under the control of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter (referred to as TC plants) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to understand the function of IbTC in sweetpotato. Three transgenic lines (TC2, TC9, and TC11) with high transcript levels of IbTC were selected for further characterization. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that α-tocopherol was the most predominant form of tocopherol in sweetpotato tissues. The content of α-tocopherol was 1.6-3.3-fold higher in TC leaves than in non-transgenic (NT) leaves. No significant difference was observed in the tocopherol content of storage roots between TC and NT plants. Additionally, compared with NT plants, TC plants showed enhanced tolerance to multiple environmental stresses, including salt, drought, and oxidative stresses, and showed consistently higher levels of photosystem II activity and chlorophyll content, indicating abiotic stress tolerance. These results suggest IbTC as a strong candidate gene for the development of sweetpotato cultivars with increased α-tocopherol levels and enhanced abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Eun Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Chan-Ju Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Ji
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Ho Soo Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Sul-U Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Ye-Hoon Lim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Woo Sung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudae-ro, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudae-ro, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Xiaofeng Bian
- Institute of Food Crops, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yizhi Xie
- Institute of Food Crops, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Institute of Food Crops, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sang-Soo Kwak
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
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Isolation and Determination of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols from the Seed of Capparis Ovata Grown in Turkey by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Chromatographia 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-019-03816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Saha S, Walia S, Sharma K, Banerjee K. Suitability of stationary phase for LC analysis of biomolecules. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2856-2873. [PMID: 31621391 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1665494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Biologically active compounds such as carotenoids/isoprenoids, vitamins, steroids, saponins, sugars, long chain fatty acids, and amino acids play a very important role in coordinating functions in living organisms. Determination of those substances is indispensable in advanced biological sciences. Engineered stationary phase in LC for the analysis of biomolecules has become easier with the development of chromatographic science. In general, C18 column is being used for routine analysis but specific columns are being used for specific molecule. Monolithic columns are found to have higher efficiency than normal column. Among recent introduction, triacontyl stationary phases, designed for the separation of carotenoid isomers, are widely used for the estimation of carotenoids. In comparison to conventional C18 phases, C30 phases exhibited superior shape selectivity for the separation of isomers of carotenoids. It is also found useful for better elution and analysis of tocopherols, vitamin K, sterols, and fatty acids. Vitamin K, E, and their isomers are also successfully resoluted and analyzed by using C30 column. Amino bonded phase column is specifically used for better elution of sugars, whereas phenyl columns are suitable for the separation and analysis of curcuminoids and taxol. Like triacontyl stationary phase, pentafluorophenyl columns are also used for the separation and analysis of carotenoids. Similarly, HILIC column are best suited for sugar analysis. All the stationary phases are made possible to resolute and analyze the target biomolecules better, which are the future of liquid chromatography. The present article focuses on the differential interaction between stationary phase and target biomolecules. The applicability of these stationary phases are reported in different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supradip Saha
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Suresh Walia
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Khushbu Sharma
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Karuk Elmas ŞN, Arslan FN, Akin G, Kenar A, Janssen HG, Yilmaz I. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy combined with chemometrics for rapid assessment of cold–pressed grape seed oil adulteration: Qualitative and quantitative study. Talanta 2019; 196:22-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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37
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Stinco CM, Benítez-González AM, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Hernanz D, Vicario IM. Simultaneous determination of dietary isoprenoids (carotenoids, chlorophylls and tocopherols) in human faeces by Rapid Resolution Liquid Chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1583:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Decros G, Baldet P, Beauvoit B, Stevens R, Flandin A, Colombié S, Gibon Y, Pétriacq P. Get the Balance Right: ROS Homeostasis and Redox Signalling in Fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1091. [PMID: 31620143 PMCID: PMC6760520 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant central metabolism generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are key regulators that mediate signalling pathways involved in developmental processes and plant responses to environmental fluctuations. These highly reactive metabolites can lead to cellular damage when the reduction-oxidation (redox) homeostasis becomes unbalanced. Whilst decades of research have studied redox homeostasis in leaves, fundamental knowledge in fruit biology is still fragmentary. This is even more surprising when considering the natural profusion of fruit antioxidants that can process ROS and benefit human health. In this review, we explore redox biology in fruit and provide an overview of fruit antioxidants with recent examples. We further examine the central role of the redox hub in signalling during development and stress, with particular emphasis on ascorbate, also referred to as vitamin C. Progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the redox regulations that are linked to central metabolism and stress pathways will help to define novel strategies for optimising fruit nutritional quality, fruit production and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Decros
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- *Correspondence: Guillaume Decros, ; Pierre Pétriacq,
| | - Pierre Baldet
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Amélie Flandin
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sophie Colombié
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- *Correspondence: Guillaume Decros, ; Pierre Pétriacq,
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Arslan FN, Janssen HG. Chemometrics-Assisted Optimization of Beta-/Gamma-Tocol Separation on a C30 Stationary Phase in Reversed-Phase LC. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3624-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Bartosińska E, Jacyna J, Borsuk-De Moor A, Kaliszan M, Kondej K, Jankau J, Renkielska A, Kruszewski WJ, Markuszewski MJ, Siluk D. Determination of tocopherols and tocotrienols in human breast adipose tissue with the use of high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4361. [PMID: 30114327 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tocopherols and tocotrienols have been extensively studied owing to their anticancer potential, especially against breast cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantitatively determine tocochromanols in human breast adipose tissue with the use of HPLC-FLD. The sample preparation procedure included homogenization and solvent extraction with isopropanol-ethanol-0.1% formic acid mixture prior to solid-phase extraction. After implementation of central composite design, satisfactory separation of all eight target compounds was achieved within 10.5 min. Chromatographic runs were carried out with the use of a naphthylethyl chromatographic column with methanol-water mixture (89:11, v/v) as the mobile phase. Fluorescence detection of tocochromanols was performed with excitation and emission wavelengths 298 and 330 nm, respectively. The method was validated in terms of linearity, carryover, recovery, precision, accuracy and stability. Extraction yield was also determined for accurate evaluation of vitamin E content in human breast adipose tissue samples. Finally, concentrations of particular tocochromanols compounds were assessed in human breast adipose tissue samples obtained from 99 patients, including women with breast cancer, healthy volunteers and deceased women who had died as a result of accidents. The raw data was transformed according to the newly developed equation for accurate estimation of the concentrations of tocochromanols in breast adipose tissue samples. Results obtained in the study indicated that the proposed analytical assay could be useful in breast cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Bartosińska
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Julia Jacyna
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Borsuk-De Moor
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Kaliszan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębowa 23, 80-204, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karolina Kondej
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, M. Skłodowska-Curie 3a, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jerzy Jankau
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, M. Skłodowska-Curie 3a, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Renkielska
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, M. Skłodowska-Curie 3a, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wiesław Janusz Kruszewski
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Gdynia Centre of Oncology, Maritime Hospital in Gdynia, Powstania Styczniowego 1, 81-519, Gdynia, Poland.,Division of Propedeutics of Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Powstania Styczniowego 9b, 81-519, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Michał Jan Markuszewski
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Danuta Siluk
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
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41
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Reducing postharvest losses using modified atmosphere packaging bags for African nightshade (Solanum scabrumMill.) leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2018.1205.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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42
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Occurrence of tocopheryl fatty acid esters in vegetables and their non-digestibility by artificial digestion juices. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7657. [PMID: 29769635 PMCID: PMC5955885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25997-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tocopheryl fatty acid esters (TFAE) consist of tocopherols esterified to fatty acids, but only little is known about this substance class. In this study, twelve vegetable groups were screened on TFAE and contents of (free) tocopherols and TFAE were determined in red bell pepper, red chili pepper, cucumber and walnut (n = 5, respectively). Intact TFAE were separated by solid phase extraction from free tocopherols and analyzed by GC/MS. Highest TFAE values were determined in chili pepper (4.0–16 mg/100 g fresh weight, FW) and walnut (4.1–12 mg/100 g FW), followed by bell pepper (1.3–1.5 mg/100 g FW) and cucumber (0.06–0.2 mg/100 g FW). Contribution of TFAE to the total tocopherol content ranged from 7–84%. Neither the treatment with artificial digestion juices nor exposure to sunlight showed degradation of TFAE. This substance class might represent a hitherto overlooked storage form for free tocopherols in plants as they occur to be more stable. But as the ester bond in medium chain TFAE seems not to be fissile in the human body, they might not contribute in the same way as free tocopherols to the vitamin E activity of vegetables and might have to be determined separately.
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43
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Liu M, Zhang L, Ser SL, Cumming JR, Ku KM. Comparative Phytonutrient Analysis of Broccoli By-Products: The Potentials for Broccoli By-Product Utilization. Molecules 2018; 23:E900. [PMID: 29652847 PMCID: PMC6017511 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytonutrient concentrations of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) florets, stems, and leaves were compared to evaluate the value of stem and leaf by-products as a source of valuable nutrients. Primary metabolites, including amino acids, organic acids, and sugars, as well as glucosinolates, carotenoids, chlorophylls, vitamins E and K, essential mineral elements, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and expression of glucosinolate biosynthesis and hydrolysis genes were quantified from the different broccoli tissues. Broccoli florets had higher concentrations of amino acids, glucoraphanin, and neoglucobrassicin compared to other tissues, whereas leaves were higher in carotenoids, chlorophylls, vitamins E and K, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Leaves were also good sources of calcium and manganese compared to other tissues. Stems had the lowest nitrile formation from glucosinolate. Each tissue exhibited specific core gene expression profiles supporting glucosinolate metabolism, with different gene homologs expressed in florets, stems, and leaves, which suggests that tissue-specific pathways function to support primary and secondary metabolic pathways in broccoli. This comprehensive nutrient and bioactive compound profile represents a useful resource for the evaluation of broccoli by-product utilization in the human diet, and as feedstocks for bioactive compounds for industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengpei Liu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Lihua Zhang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Suk Lan Ser
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Jonathan R Cumming
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Kang-Mo Ku
- Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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44
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Schex R, Lieb VM, Jiménez VM, Esquivel P, Schweiggert RM, Carle R, Steingass CB. HPLC-DAD-APCI/ESI-MS n analysis of carotenoids and α-tocopherol in Costa Rican Acrocomia aculeata fruits of varying maturity stages. Food Res Int 2018; 105:645-653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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45
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Postharvest UV-C application to improve health promoting secondary plant compound pattern in vegetable amaranth. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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46
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Lee S, Choi Y, Jeong HS, Lee J, Sung J. Effect of different cooking methods on the content of vitamins and true retention in selected vegetables. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 27:333-342. [PMID: 30263756 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of different cooking methods including blanching, boiling, microwaving and steaming on the content of vitamins in vegetables. True retention was estimated using the yield expressed as a ratio of the weight of the cooked sample to the weight of the raw sample. The retention of vitamin C ranged from 0.0 to 91.1% for all cooked samples. Generally, higher retention of vitamin C was observed after microwaving with the lowest retention recorded after boiling. Cooked vegetables were occasionally higher contents of fat-soluble vitamins, including α-tocopherol and β-carotene, than that of their fresh counterparts, but it depends on the type of vegetables. Microwave cooking caused the greatest loss of vitamin K in crown daisy and mallow; in contrast, it caused the least loss of vitamin K in spinach and chard. Cooking may cause changes to the contents of vitamins, but it depends on vegetables and cooking processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongeung Lee
- 1Division of Food and Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Life, and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Korea
| | - Youngmin Choi
- 2National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 55365 Korea
| | - Heon Sang Jeong
- 1Division of Food and Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Life, and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Korea
| | - Junsoo Lee
- 1Division of Food and Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Life, and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Korea
| | - Jeehye Sung
- 1Division of Food and Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Life, and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Korea
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47
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Pérez-Fernández V, Spagnoli M, Rocco A, Aturki Z, Sciubba F, De Salvador FR, Engel P, Curini R, Gentili A. Non-aqueous reversed-phase liquid-chromatography of tocopherols and tocotrienols and their mass spectrometric quantification in pecan nuts. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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Nagy Z, Daood H, Koncsek A, Molnár H, Helyes L. The simultaneous determination of capsaicinoids, tocopherols, and carotenoids in pungent pepper powder. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1297722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Nagy
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Hussein Daood
- Regional Knowledge Centre, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | | | - Helga Molnár
- Food Science Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Helyes
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
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49
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Fanali C, D'Orazio G, Fanali S, Gentili A. Advanced analytical techniques for fat-soluble vitamin analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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50
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Figueira JA, Pereira JAM, Câmara JS. Quantification of δ-, γ- and α-Tocopherol in Tomatoes Using an Improved Liquid-Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction Combined with Ultrahigh Pressure Liquid Chromatography. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0799-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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