1
|
Zhang K, Xiang Y, Zhong L, He Y, Chen K, Liu Y, Fang Z, Zeng Z, Li S, Chen H. Enhancing the emulsion properties and bioavailability of loaded astaxanthin by selecting the reaction sequence of ternary conjugate emulsifiers in nanoemulsions. Food Chem 2024; 449:139310. [PMID: 38608612 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of the conjugate reaction sequences of whey protein concentrate (WPC), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and dextran (DEX) on the structure and emulsion properties of conjugates and the bioaccessibility of astaxanthin (AST). Two types of ternary covalent complexes were synthesised using WPC, EGCG and DEX, which were regarded as emulsifiers of AST nanoemulsions. Results indicated that the WPC-DEX-EGCG conjugate (referred to as 'con') exhibits a darker SDS-PAGE dispersion band and higher contents of α-helix (6%), β-angle (24%) and random coil (32%), resulting in a greater degree of unfolding structure and fluorescence quenching. These findings suggested WPC-DEX-EGCG con had the potential to exhibit better emulsification properties than WPC-EGCG-DEX con. AST encapsulation efficiency (76.22%) and bioavailability (31.89%) also demonstrated the superior performance of the WPC-DEX-EGCG con emulsifier in nanoemulsion delivery systems. These findings indicate that altering reaction sequences changes protein conformation, enhancing the emulsification properties and bioavailability of AST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaixi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Lingyun Zhong
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Yuyang He
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Keling Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China..
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China..
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khayyal MT, Teaima MH, Marzouk HM, -Hazek RME, Behnam F, Behnam D. Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Standard Astaxanthin and its Micellar Formulation in Healthy Male Volunteers. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2024; 49:467-475. [PMID: 38748358 PMCID: PMC11199261 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-024-00898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Astaxanthin is a naturally occurring carotenoid with high anti-oxidant properties, but it is a very lipophilic compound with low oral bioavailability. This study was conducted to compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of a novel astaxanthin preparation based on micellar solubilization technology, NovaSOL® 400-mg capsules (Test product), and those of astaxanthin 400-mg capsules (reference product), after single oral dose administration to healthy male adults. METHODS A single oral dose (400 mg equivalent to 8 mg astaxanthin) of test and reference astaxanthin were administered with 240 mL of water to 12 volunteers according to crossover design, in two phases, with a washout period of 1 week in between. Blood samples were collected at hourly intervals for the first 12 h, then at 24.0, 48.0, and 72.0 h after administration. Aliquots of plasma were centrifuged and the clear supernatant was injected into the high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) system. Plasma concentration of astaxanthin versus time profiles were constructed, and the primary pharmacokinetic parameters, maximum concentration (Cmax), area under concentration time curve from time of administration (0) to time (t) [AUC0-t] or to infinity ∞, [AUC0-∞], half-life (T½) and time to reach Cmax (Tmax) were calculated. RESULTS The test micellar astaxanthin reached a Cmax of 7.21 µg/ml after 3.67 h compared to only 3.86 µg/ml after 8.5 h for the reference native astaxanthin. CONCLUSION Micellar formulation of astaxanthin is capable of producing a high concentration of astaxanthin in plasma in a shorter time, thereby expected to provide faster potential therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T Khayyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud H Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Center of Applied Research and advanced Studies (CARAS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hoda M Marzouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, ET-11562, Egypt
- Center of Applied Research and advanced Studies (CARAS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M El -Hazek
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yue XJ, Xu PW, Luo XC, Zhao B. Multi-spectroscopies and molecular docking insights into the interaction mechanism and antioxidant activity of isoquercetin and zein nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130412. [PMID: 38401577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare and characterize the theoretical properties and interaction mechanisms of zein and isoquercetin (ISO) from experimental and theoretical perspectives. Zein nanoparticles with different ISO concentrations (ZINPs) were prepared by the antisolvent precipitation method. The experimental results indicated all particles appeared spherical. When the mass ratio of zein to ISO was 10:1, the encapsulation efficiency of ZINPs reached 88.19 % with an average diameter of 126.67 nm. The multispectral method and molecular docking results confirmed that hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force played a dominant role for the binding of ISO to zein, and the primary fluorescence quenching mechanism for zein by ISO was static quenching. Furthermore, ZINPs had greater solubility and antioxidant activity, as well as inhibited the release of ISO during simulated gastrointestinal digestion processes. This research contributes to the understanding of the non-covalent binding mechanism between zein and ISO, providing a theoretical basis for the construction of ISO active carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Peng-Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ge Y, Zhou Y, Li S, Yan J, Chen H, Qin W, Zhang Q. Astaxanthin encapsulation in soybean protein isolate-sodium alginate complexes-stabilized nanoemulsions: antioxidant activities, environmental stability, and in vitro digestibility. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1539-1552. [PMID: 37807825 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoemulsions (NEs) have been considered an effective carrier to protect environmentally labile bioactive compounds from degradation during food processing. Among the numerous types of NEs, biopolymer-stabilized NEs have gained much attention to achieve this function because of the extensive sources, biocompatibility, and tunability. Therefore, the antioxidant activities, environmental stability, and in vitro digestibility of astaxanthin (AST)-loaded soybean protein isolate (SPI)-alginate (SA) complexes-stabilized NEs (AST-SPI-SA-NEs) were investigated in this study. RESULTS The AST-SPI-SA-NEs exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of 88.30 ± 1.67%, which is greater than that of the AST-loaded SPI-stabilized NEs (AST-SPI-NEs) (77.31 ± 0.83%). Both AST-SPI-SA-NEs and AST-SPI-NEs exhibited significantly stronger hydroxyl or diphenylpicryl-hydrazyl radical-scavenging activities than the free AST. The formation of SPI-SA complexes strengthened the thermal, light, and storage stability of AST-SPI-SA-NEs with no apparently increasing mean diameter (around 200 nm). AST-SPI-SA-NEs also exhibited a better freeze-thaw dispersibility behavior than AST-SPI-NEs. AST-SPI-SA-NEs were more stable than AST-SPI-NEs were under in vitro gastrointestinal digestion conditions and exhibited a greater bioaccessibility (47.92 ± 0.42%) than both AST-SPI-NEs (12.97 ± 1.33%) and free AST (7.87 ± 0.37%). Hydrogen bonding was confirmed to participate in the formation of AST-SPI-SA-NEs and AST-SPI-NEs based on the molecular docking results. CONCLUSIONS The construction of SPI-SA-NEs is conducive to the encapsulation, protection, and absorption of AST, providing a promising method for broadening the application of AST in processed foods or developing novel ingredients of functional foods. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Ge
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (jointly built by Ministry and Province), Ya'an Centre for the General Quality Control Technology of National Famous, Special, Superior, and New Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yangying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (jointly built by Ministry and Province), Ya'an Centre for the General Quality Control Technology of National Famous, Special, Superior, and New Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Shunfa Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (jointly built by Ministry and Province), Ya'an Centre for the General Quality Control Technology of National Famous, Special, Superior, and New Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (jointly built by Ministry and Province), Ya'an Centre for the General Quality Control Technology of National Famous, Special, Superior, and New Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (jointly built by Ministry and Province), Ya'an Centre for the General Quality Control Technology of National Famous, Special, Superior, and New Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (jointly built by Ministry and Province), Ya'an Centre for the General Quality Control Technology of National Famous, Special, Superior, and New Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (jointly built by Ministry and Province), Ya'an Centre for the General Quality Control Technology of National Famous, Special, Superior, and New Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liao Y, Wang H, Li S, Xue Y, Chen Y, Adu-Frimpong M, Xu Y, Yu J, Xu X, Smyth HDC, Zhu Y. Preparation of astaxanthin-loaded composite micelles with coaxial electrospray technology for enhanced oral bioavailability and improved antioxidation capability. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1408-1419. [PMID: 37782057 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astaxanthin (AST) is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a safe dietary supplement for humans. As a potent lipid-soluble keto-carotenoid, it is widely used in food, cosmetics, and the pharmaceutical industry. However, its low solubility limits its powerful biological activity and its application in these fields. This study aims to develop a delivery system to address the low solubility and bioavailability of AST and to enhance its antioxidant capacity. RESULTS Astaxanthin-loaded composite micelles were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospray technology. Astaxanthin existed in the amorphous state in the electro-sprayed formulation with an approximate particle size of 186.28 nm and with a polydispersity index of 0.243. In this delivery system, Soluplus and copovidone (PVPVA 64) were the main polymeric matrix for AST, which then released the drug upon contact with aqueous media, resulting in an overall increase in drug solubility and a release rate of 94.08%. Meanwhile, lecithin, and Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (PEG-g-CS) could support the absorption of AST in the gastrointestinal tract, assisting transmembrane transport. The relative bioavailability reached about 308.33% and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging efficiency of the formulation was 44.10%, which was 1.57 times higher than that of free astaxanthin (28.10%) when both were at the same concentration level based on astaxanthin. CONCLUSION Coaxial electrospray could be applied to prepare a composite micelles system for the delivery of poorly water-soluble active ingredients in functional food, cosmetics, and medicine. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youwu Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haiqiao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yunqiu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael Adu-Frimpong
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences (CKT-UTAS), Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hugh D C Smyth
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Flieger J, Raszewska-Famielec M, Radzikowska-Büchner E, Flieger W. Skin Protection by Carotenoid Pigments. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1431. [PMID: 38338710 PMCID: PMC10855854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sunlight, despite its benefits, can pose a threat to the skin, which is a natural protective barrier. Phototoxicity caused by overexposure, especially to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), results in burns, accelerates photoaging, and causes skin cancer formation. Natural substances of plant origin, i.e., polyphenols, flavonoids, and photosynthetic pigments, can protect the skin against the effects of radiation, acting not only as photoprotectors like natural filters but as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory remedies, alleviating the effects of photodamage to the skin. Plant-based formulations are gaining popularity as an attractive alternative to synthetic filters. Over the past 20 years, a large number of studies have been published to assess the photoprotective effects of natural plant products, primarily through their antioxidant, antimutagenic, and anti-immunosuppressive activities. This review selects the most important data on skin photodamage and photoprotective efficacy of selected plant carotenoid representatives from in vivo studies on animal models and humans, as well as in vitro experiments performed on fibroblast and keratinocyte cell lines. Recent research on carotenoids associated with lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, liposomes, and micelles is reviewed. The focus was on collecting those nanomaterials that serve to improve the bioavailability and stability of carotenoids as natural antioxidants with photoprotective activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Raszewska-Famielec
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health, University of Physicl Education, Akademicka 2, 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Radzikowska-Büchner
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillary Surgery, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wołoska 137 Street, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Petrovic SM, Barbinta-Patrascu ME. Organic and Biogenic Nanocarriers as Bio-Friendly Systems for Bioactive Compounds' Delivery: State-of-the Art and Challenges. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7550. [PMID: 38138692 PMCID: PMC10744464 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
"Green" strategies to build up novel organic nanocarriers with bioperformance are modern trends in nanotechnology. In this way, the valorization of bio-wastes and the use of living systems to develop multifunctional organic and biogenic nanocarriers (OBNs) have revolutionized the nanotechnological and biomedical fields. This paper is a comprehensive review related to OBNs for bioactives' delivery, providing an overview of the reports on the past two decades. In the first part, several classes of bioactive compounds and their therapeutic role are briefly presented. A broad section is dedicated to the main categories of organic and biogenic nanocarriers. The major challenges regarding the eco-design and the fate of OBNs are suggested to overcome some toxicity-related drawbacks. Future directions and opportunities, and finding "green" solutions for solving the problems related to nanocarriers, are outlined in the final of this paper. We believe that through this review, we will capture the attention of the readers and will open new perspectives for new solutions/ideas for the discovery of more efficient and "green" ways in developing novel bioperformant nanocarriers for transporting bioactive agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanja M. Petrovic
- Department of Chemical Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Nis, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 1600 Leskovac, Serbia;
| | - Marcela-Elisabeta Barbinta-Patrascu
- Department of Electricity, Solid-State Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-11, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abdelazim K, Ghit A, Assal D, Dorra N, Noby N, Khattab SN, El Feky SE, Hussein A. Production and therapeutic use of astaxanthin in the nanotechnology era. Pharmacol Rep 2023:10.1007/s43440-023-00488-y. [PMID: 37179259 PMCID: PMC10182848 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00488-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AXT) is a red fat-soluble pigment found naturally in aquatic animals, plants, and various microorganisms and can be manufactured artificially using chemical catalysis. AXT is a xanthophyll carotenoid with a high potential for scavenging free radicals. Several studies have investigated AXT efficacy against diseases such as neurodegenerative, ocular, skin, and cardiovascular hypertension, diabetes, gastrointestinal and liver diseases, and immuno-protective functions. However, its poor solubility, low stability to light and oxygen, and limited bioavailability are major obstacles hindering its wide applications as a therapeutic agent or nutritional supplement. Incorporating AXT with nanocarriers holds great promise in enhancing its physiochemical properties. Nanocarriers are delivery systems with several benefits, including surface modification, bioactivity, and targeted medication delivery and release. Many approaches have been applied to enhance AXT's medicinal effect, including solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and polymeric nanospheres. AXT nano-formulations have demonstrated a high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect, significantly affecting cancer in different organs. This review summarizes the most recent data on AXT production, characterization, biological activity, and therapeutic usage, focusing on its uses in the nanotechnology era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Abdelazim
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amr Ghit
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Dina Assal
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Biotechnology Program, American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Neamat Dorra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Arish, Egypt
| | - Nehad Noby
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sherine N Khattab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Essam El Feky
- Radiation Sciences Department, Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hussein
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tian Y, Che H, Yang J, Jin Y, Yu H, Wang C, Fu Y, Li N, Zhang J. Astaxanthin Alleviates Aflatoxin B1-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in IPEC-J2 Cells via the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15030232. [PMID: 36977123 PMCID: PMC10057844 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15030232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a typical fungal toxin found in feed, is highly carcinogenic. Oxidative stress is one of the main ways it exerts its toxicity; therefore, finding a suitable antioxidant is the key to reducing its toxicity. Astaxanthin (AST) is a carotenoid with strong antioxidant properties. The aim of the present research was to determine whether AST eases the AFB1-induced impairment in IPEC-J2 cells, and its specific mechanism of action. AFB1 and AST were applied to IPEC-J2 cells in different concentrations for 24 h. The AST (80 µM) significantly prevented the reduction in the IPEC-J2 cell viability that was induced by AFB1 (10 μM). The results showed that treatment with AST attenuated the AFB1-induced ROS, and cytochrome C, the Bax/Bcl2 ratio, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3, which were all activated by AFB1, were among the pro-apoptotic proteins which were diminished by AST. AST activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway and ameliorates antioxidant ability. This was further evidenced by the expression of the HO-1, NQO1, SOD2, and HSP70 genes were all upregulated. Taken together, the findings show that the impairment of oxidative stress and apoptosis, caused by the AFB1 in the IPEC-J2 cells, can be attenuated by AST triggering the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tian
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in the Northeastern Frigid Area, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haoyu Che
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in the Northeastern Frigid Area, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jinsheng Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in the Northeastern Frigid Area, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yongcheng Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in the Northeastern Frigid Area, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in the Northeastern Frigid Area, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chuanqi Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in the Northeastern Frigid Area, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yurong Fu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in the Northeastern Frigid Area, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Na Li
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in the Northeastern Frigid Area, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lyoprotectant Formulation and Optimization of the J-Aggregates Astaxanthin/BSA/Chitosan Nanosuspension. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030496. [PMID: 36979431 PMCID: PMC10046545 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with excellent antioxidant activity. However, this small lipid-soluble molecule is insoluble in water and has low stability. Although this situation can be improved when astaxanthin is prepared as a nanosuspension, the aqueous form is still not as convenient and safe as the dry powder form for storage, transport, and use. The lyophilization process provides better protection for thermosensitive materials, but this leads to collapse and agglomeration between nanoparticles. To improve this situation, appropriate lyophilization protectants are needed to offer support between the nanoparticles, such as sugars, amino acids, and hydroxy alcohols. The purpose of this work is to screen lyophilization protectants by single-factor experiments and response surface optimization experiments and then explore the optimal ratio of compound lyophilization protectants, and finally, make excellent astaxanthin/BSA/chitosan nanosuspension (ABC-NPs) lyophilized powder. The work shows that the optimal ratio of the compounding lyophilization protectant is 0.46% oligomeric mannose, 0.44% maltose, and 0.05% sorbitol (w/v). The ABC-NPs lyophilized powder prepared under the above conditions had a re-soluble particle size of 472 nm, with a ratio of 1.32 to the particle size of the sample before lyophilization. The lyophilized powder was all in the form of a pink layer. The sample was fluffy and dissolved entirely within 10 s by shaking with water. Consequently, it is expected to solve the problem of inconvenient storage and transportation of aqueous drugs and to expand the application of nanomedicine powders and tablets.
Collapse
|
11
|
Cai L, Gan M, Regenstein JM, Luan Q. Improving the biological activities of astaxanthin using targeted delivery systems. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 36779336 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2176816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of astaxanthin (AST) enable it to protect against oxidative stress-related and inflammatory diseases with a range of biological effects. These activities provide the potential to develop healthier food products. Therefore, it would be beneficial to design delivery systems for AST to overcome its low stability, control its release, and/or improve its bioavailability. This review discusses the basis for AST's various biological activities and the factors limiting these activities, including stability, solubility, and bioavailability. It also discusses the different systems available for the targeted delivery of AST and their applications in enhancing the biological activity of AST. These include systems that are candidates for preventive and therapeutic effects, which include nerves, liver, and skin, particularly for possible cancer reduction. Targeted delivery of AST to specific regions of the gastrointestinal tract, or more selectively to target tissues and cells, can be achieved using targeted delivery systems to increase the biological activities of AST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luyun Cai
- Ningbo Innovation Center, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaoyu Gan
- Ningbo Innovation Center, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Joe M Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Qian Luan
- Ningbo Innovation Center, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao Y, Liu J, Zhang S, Wang Z, Jia H, Oda H, Li R. Fabrication and characterization of the H/J-type aggregates astaxanthin/bovine serum albumin/chitosan nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1186-1195. [PMID: 36347379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Astaxanthin is a natural liposoluble ketocarotenoid with various biological activities. Hydrophobic astaxanthin with C2h symmetry can self-assembly form H-type aggregates and J-type aggregates in hydrated polar solvents. However, astaxanthin and its aggregates are limited by its water insolubility and chemical instability. Here, the biological macromolecules bovine serum albumin (BSA) and chitosan were chosen as protein-polysaccharides based delivery systems for astaxanthin aggregates by molecular self-assembly method. The precise prepared H-ABC-NPs and J-ABC-NPs suspensions were both near spheres with hydrodynamic size around 281 ± 9 nm and 368 ± 5 nm and zeta potentials around +26 mV and +30 mV, respectively. Two types of astaxanthin aggregates were distinguished, water-dispersible, and stable in nanocarriers through UV-vis spectra observation. The encapsulation efficiency of the astaxanthin in ABC-NPs was above 90 %. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and circular dichroism (CD) analyses indicated that the dominant driving forces of ABC-NPs formation mainly included electrostatic, hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. These results offer an elegant opportunity for the protein-polysaccharides delivery systems, and provide an important perspective for applying novel water-dispersed astaxanthin aggregates products in nutrition and medicine industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyuan Zhao
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Junxia Liu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Shengmeng Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Zhaoxuan Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Huihui Jia
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Hiroaki Oda
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ruifang Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hien HTM, Oanh HT, Quynh QT, Thu NTH, Van Hanh N, Hong DD, Hoang MH. Astaxanthin-loaded nanoparticles enhance its cell uptake, antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities in multiple cell lines. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
14
|
Ding L, Yang J, Dai M, Li S, Yin K, Li J. Effect of environmental factors on the aggregation behavior of astaxanthin in water. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 280:121506. [PMID: 35738111 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular aggregation is a common phenomenon widely found in natural organisms, which is crucial for some specific functions of biological systems. To study the aggregating behavior of hydrophobic carotenoids in water, astaxanthin was employed and dispersed under different surroundings to induce aggregation. The results showed that astaxanthin tended to form J- or H-type aggregates when the water content was higher than 60%. Both hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were beneficial for the formation of astaxanthin J-aggregates, but they were not good for inducing H-aggregates. Small-molecule electrolytes, like sodium salts, mostly played an enormous hindrance role to the formation of astaxanthin H- and J-aggregates, except for sodium chloride (NaCl) which helped astaxanthin to form J-aggregates. Both sodium periodate (NaIO4) and sodium acetate (CH3COONa) could prevent the formation of astaxanthin H- and J-aggregates, but sodium chloride (NaCl) could only hinder the formation of H-aggregates. As for polyelectrolytes chitosan and DNA, the difference of chain structure led to different aggregation effects. The soft single chain of chitosan tended to induce J-aggregates formation, while double-stranded DNA preferred to guide the formation of H-aggregates. By choosing and integrating the advantageous environmental factors that facilitate each type of astaxanthin aggregates, J- and H-type astaxanthin aggregates were stably loaded in DNA/CS nanoparticles with distinct particle sizes. Controlled preparation of either H- or J-type aggregates is of great significance for further studies concerning the structure-activity relationship of carotenoid aggregates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Mingqin Dai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Shukui Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Kangrui Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gao Q, Qiao X, Yang L, Cao Y, Li Z, Xu J, Xue C. Effects of microencapsulation in dairy matrix on the quality characteristics and bioavailability of docosahexaenoic acid astaxanthin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:5711-5719. [PMID: 35396734 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with free astaxanthin (Asta), docosahexaenoic acid astaxanthin monoester (Asta-C22:6) has higher stability and bioavailability. However, Asta-E is still unable to be used in the water system. Hence it is necessary to build a water-soluble delivery system. In this study, Asta-C22:6 microemulsion and microcapsule using whey protein isolate (WPI) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβ-CD) as composite wall material were prepared. They were added to three dairy products (milk powder, yogurt and flavored dairy product). A dairy product rich in Asta-C22:6 with high bioavailability was designed by measuring quality characteristics, sensory evaluation and in vivo experiments. RESULTS Compared with spray drying, the freeze-drying microcapsule had a higher encapsulation efficiency (72.5%), water content (4%) and better solubility, and Asta-C22:6 microcapsule (1 g L-1 ) yogurt had the best quality. The bioavailability of Asta-C22:6 microcapsule yogurt was further evaluated. After a single oral dose in mice, the bioavailability of Asta-C22:6 microcapsule in yogurt was significantly increased (Cmax = 0.31 μg mL-1 , AUC0-T = 3.20 h μg mL-1 ). CONCLUSION We successfully prepared Asta-C22:6 microcapsule yogurt, which improved the stability and bioavailability of Asta. The present research is meaningful for delivering unstable bioactive small molecules based on WPI and HPβ-CD. It provides an experimental basis for the application of Asta-C22:6 and the development of functional dairy products. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xing Qiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yunrui Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaojie Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen Y, Su W, Tie S, Zhang L, Tan M. Advances of astaxanthin-based delivery systems for precision nutrition. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
17
|
Aung WT, Khine HEE, Chaotham C, Boonkanokwong V. Production, physicochemical investigations, antioxidant effect, and cellular uptake in Caco-2 cells of the supersaturable astaxanthin self-microemulsifying tablets. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 176:106263. [PMID: 35853596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop astaxanthin (AST)-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) tablets and evaluate their physicochemical and biological properties. The optimized liquid (L)-AST SMEDDS formulation was composed of rice bran oil (33.67%), Kolliphor® RH 40 (34.70%), and Span® 20 (31.63%). Two types of hydrophilic polymers (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC, and polyvinyl alcohol, PVA) solutions were selected as a precipitation inhibitor for AST and incorporated into L-AST SMEDDS to obtain supersaturation and enhance dissolution of AST. The formulation was then mixed with microcrystalline cellulose and subsequently transformed to solid S-AST SMEDDS particles using a spray dryer prior to direct compression into tablets. The HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet and PVA AST SMEDDS tablet were characterized for their physicochemical properties, dissolution, AST release, and stabilities. Moreover, the cellular uptake and antioxidant effect of AST SMEDDS tablets were evaluated in Caco-2 cells. With good tablet characters, both HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet and PVA AST SMEDDS tablet dissolution profiles were improved compared to that of raw AST. While initially less than 50% of AST released from HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet and PVA AST SMEDDS tablet in pH 1.2 medium, after 6 h more than 98% of AST releases in pH 6.8 were achieved which was similar to L-AST SMEDDS profile. Cellular antioxidant activities of L-AST SMEDDS and HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet & PVA AST SMEDDS tablet were significantly greater than pure AST powder. HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet showed better uptake and deeper penetration through Caco-2 cells than that in PVA AST SMEDDS tablet and pure powder. Our successfully developed AST SMEDDS tablets were demonstrated to be a potential platform to deliver highly lipophilic AST and improve permeation and bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wai Thet Aung
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wang Mai, Pathum Wan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Hnin Ei Ei Khine
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Chaotham
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Veerakiet Boonkanokwong
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wang Mai, Pathum Wan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang J, Ou A, Tang X, Wang R, Fan Y, Fang Y, Zhao Y, Zhao P, Chen D, Wang B, Huang Y. "Two-birds-one-stone" colon-targeted nanomedicine treats ulcerative colitis via remodeling immune microenvironment and anti-fibrosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:389. [PMID: 36042499 PMCID: PMC9429315 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated mucosal immune responses and colonic fibrosis impose two formidable challenges for ulcerative colitis treatment. It indicates that monotherapy could not sufficiently deal with this complicated disease and combination therapy may provide a potential solution. A chitosan-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle (CS-PLGA NP) system was developed for co-delivering patchouli alcohol and simvastatin to the inflamed colonic epithelium to alleviate the symptoms of ulcerative colitis via remodeling immune microenvironment and anti-fibrosis, a so-called “two-birds-one-stone” nanotherapeutic strategy. The bioadhesive nanomedicine enhanced the intestinal epithelial cell uptake efficiency and improved the drug stability in the gastrointestinal tract. The nanomedicine effectively regulated the Akt/MAPK/NF-κB pathway and reshaped the immune microenvironment through repolarizing M2Φ, promoting regulatory T cells and G-MDSC, suppressing neutrophil and inflammatory monocyte infiltration, as well as inhibiting dendritic cell maturation. Additionally, the nanomedicine alleviated colonic fibrosis. Our work elucidates that the colon-targeted codelivery for combination therapy is promising for ulcerative colitis treatment and to address the unmet medical need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ante Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xueping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 501450, China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yujuan Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuefei Fang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan, 528437, China
| | - Yuge Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dongying Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan, 528437, China. .,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Mannans from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Different Molecular Weight. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144439. [PMID: 35889309 PMCID: PMC9317142 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides were extracted from natural sources with various biological activities, which are strongly influenced by their chemical structure and molecular weight. In this research, mannans polysaccharides were obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by ethanol precipitation. The molecular weight of YM50, YM70, and YM90 mannans was 172.90 kDa, 87.09 kDa, and 54.05 kDa, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy of YM 90 mannans showed a rough surface with numerous cavities, while the surfaces of YM50 and YM70 were relatively smooth. Sepharose CL-6B and FTIR indicated that mannans had the characteristic bands of polysaccharides. The antioxidant activities of polysaccharides were evaluated in vitro using various assays. Mannans showed a good scavenging activity of DPPH radicals which depend on the molecular weight and concentration, and a higher scavenging activity of hydroxyl radical than ferric-reducing power activities. For the three types of mannans, cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity were rarely detected in mice erythrocytes and Caco-2 cells. Those results could contribute to the further application of mannans from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the food and medicine industry.
Collapse
|
20
|
Nanonutraceuticals — Challenges and Novel Nano-based Carriers for Effective Delivery and Enhanced Bioavailability. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02807-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
21
|
Han H, Jiao Y, Chang Y, Cheng Y, Shi L. Glycosylation of Zein Hydrolysate as a Nanocarrier for Lutein Delivery: Preparation and Stability. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:905059. [PMID: 35586048 PMCID: PMC9108384 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.905059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein is a functional carotenoid that has a wide range of physiological benefits in humans. However, it easily degrades and becomes inactivated during storage and processing, resulting in low bioavailability. The development of new nanocarriers can effectively improve the stability and biological activity of lutein. In this study, zein hydrolysate (ZH) carriers were glycosylated with glucosamine (GLU) under the action of transglutaminase, and lutein-loaded glycosylated ZH nanoparticles (GZH-LUT) were constructed by liquid–liquid dispersion. The results showed that the GZH-LUT particles had a narrow size distribution in the range of 200–300 nm and a decreased zeta potential and polydispersity index. In particular, GZH trapped lutein more efficiently than ZH. In addition, GZH-LUT had better physical and chemical properties, including better water solubility, oxidative stability, and environmental stability than free lutein and ZH-LUT. These results indicate that glycosylated zein hydrolysate has the potential to be used as a novel protein-based nanocarrier to enhance the solubility and stability of lutein, which can further improve its bioavailability.
Collapse
|
22
|
The spatial arrangement of astaxanthin in bilayers greatly influenced the structural stability of DPPC liposomes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 212:112383. [PMID: 35131712 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are regarded as the ideal nanocarrier for concurrent or separate delivery of nutraceuticals in the food industries. Precise control of the structural stability is essential for the processing, storage, and nutrition delivery of liposomes. Astaxanthin was found to significantly affect the membrane stability of liposomes by inserting into the phospholipid bilayers in a similar way to cholesterol. Compared with cholesterol, astaxanthin could significantly improve the phase transition temperature, membrane fluidity, and membrane compactness of liposomes. Additionally, the membrane stability was well modulated by controlling the distribution patterns of astaxanthin (monomers, H- and J-aggregates) in bilayers. For instance, astaxanthin H-aggregates could endow the liposomal membrane with highest rigidity and compactness. Additionally, astaxanthin aggregates, especially J-aggregates could greatly improve storage stability of liposomes, thus providing a novel strategy to regulate and optimize the stability of liposomes for their diversified applications.
Collapse
|
23
|
Yuan Y, Xu W, Ma M, Zhang S, Wang D, Xu Y. Effect of fish sperm deoxyribonucleic acid encapsulation on stability, bioaccessibility, redispersibility, and solubilization of curcumin. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
24
|
Zeshan A, Abdullah M, Adil MF, Wei D, Noman M, Ahmed T, Sehar S, Ouyang Y, Shamsi IH. Improvement of morpho-physiological, ultrastructural and nutritional profiles in wheat seedlings through astaxanthin nanoparticles alleviating the cadmium toxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:126511. [PMID: 34246522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal accumulation in arable lands and water bodies has become one of the serious global issues among multitude of food security challenges. In particular, cadmium (Cd) concentration has been increasing substantially in the environment that negatively affects the growth and yield of important agricultural crops, especially wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). No doubt, nanotechnology is a revolutionary science but the comprehension of nanoparticle-plants interaction and its potential alleviatory role against metal stress is still elusive. Here, we investigated the mechanistic role of astaxanthin nanoparticles (AstNPs) in Cd stress amelioration and their interaction with wheat under Cd-spiked conditions. The AstNPs fabrication was confirmed through ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, where the particles showed characteristic peak at 423 nm. However, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses confirmed the presence of stabilized spherical-shaped nanocrystals of AstNPs within the size range of 12.03-30.37 nm. The hydroponic application of AstNPs (100 mg L-1) to Cd-affected wheat plants increased shoot height (59%), shoot dry weight (31%), nitrogen concentration (42%), and phosphorus concentration (26%) as compared to non-treated Cd affected seedlings. Moreover, AstNPs-treated plants showed reduction in acropetal Cd translocation (29%) in contrast to plants treated with Cd only. Under Cd-spiked conditions, AstNPs-treated plants displayed an improved nutrient profile (P, N, K+ and Ca2+) with a relative decrease in Na+ content in comparison with non-treated plants. Interestingly, it was found that AstNPs restricted the translocation of Cd to aerial plant parts by negatively regulating Cd transporter genes (TaHMA2 and TaHMA3), and relieved plants from oxidative burst by activating antioxidant machinery via triggering expressions of TaSOD and TaPOD genes. Consequently, it was observed that the application of AstNPs helped in maintaining the nutrient acquisition and ionic homeostasis in Cd-affected wheat plants, which subsequently improved the physiochemical profiles of plants under Cd-stress. This study suggests that AstNPs plausibly serve as stress stabilizers for plants under heavy metal-polluted environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zeshan
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Dongming Wei
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Muhammad Noman
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Younan Ouyang
- China National Rice Research Institute (CNRRI), Fuyang 311400, PR China
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhu Y, Gu Z, Liao Y, Li S, Xue Y, Firempong MA, Xu Y, Yu J, Smyth HD, Xu X. Improved intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability of astaxanthin using poly (ethylene glycol)-graft-chitosan nanoparticles: preparation, in vitro evaluation, and pharmacokinetics in rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1002-1011. [PMID: 34312873 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astaxanthin (ASTA) is a kind of food-derived active ingredient (FDAI) with antioxidant and antidiabetic functions. It is nontoxic but its poor solubility and low bioavailability hinder its application in the food industry. In this study, a novel carrier, polyethylene glycol-grafted chitosan (PEG-g-CS) was applied to enhance the bioavailability of astaxanthin. It encapsulated astaxanthin completely by solvent evaporation to manufacture astaxanthin using poly (ethylene glycol)-graft-chitosan nanoparticles (ASTA-PEG-g-CS) nanoparticles to improve absorption. RESULTS The ASTA-PEG-g-CS nanoparticles were spherical, with a particle size below 200 nm and a ζ potential of about -26 mV. Polyethylene glycol-grafted chitosan can encapsulate astaxanthin well, and the encapsulated astaxanthin was released rapidly - in 15 min in an in vitro release study. In a rat single-pass intestinal perfusion study, a low concentration of ASTA-PEG-g-CS nanoparticle (0.2 μg mL-1 ) was better absorbed in the intestine. In particular, the jejunum could absorb most astaxanthin without a change in the concentration. An in vivo release study also demonstrated that ASTA-PEG-g-CS nanoparticles enhanced oral bioavailability significantly. CONCLUSION This novel carrier, PEG-g-CS, provided a simple way to encapsulate food, which improved the bioavailability of hydrophobic ingredients. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhengqing Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Youwu Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Michael Adu Firempong
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hugh Dc Smyth
- College of Pharmacy, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Majumdar S, Mandal T, Dasgupta Mandal D. Comparative performance evaluation of chitosan based polymeric microspheres and nanoparticles as delivery system for bacterial β-carotene derived from Planococcus sp. TRC1. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:384-397. [PMID: 34863970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
β-carotene is a natural compound with immense healthcare benefits. To overcome insolubility and lack of stability which restricts its application, in this study, β-carotene from Planococcus sp. TRC1 was entrapped into formulations of chitosan‑sodium alginate microspheres (MF1, MF2 and MF3) and chitosan nanoparticles (NF1, NF2 and NF3). The maximum entrapment efficiency (%) and loading capacity (%) were 80.6 ± 4.28 and 26 ± 3.05 (MF2) and 92.1 ± 3.44 and 41.86 ± 4.65 (NF2) respectively. Korsmeyer-Peppas model showed best fit with release, revealing non-Fickian diffusion. Thermal and UV treatment exhibited higher activation energy (kJ/mol), 17.76 and 15.57 (MF2) and 37.03 and 19.33 (NF2) compared to free β-carotene (3.7 and 3.9), uncovering enhanced stability. MF2 and NF2 revealed swelling index (%) 721 ± 1.7 and 18.1 ± 1.5 (pH 6.8) and particle size 69.5 ± 3.2 μm and 92 ± 2.5 nm respectively. FESEM, FT-IR, XRD and DSC depicted spherical morphology, intactness of functional groups and masking of crystallinity. The IC50 (μg ml-1) values for antioxidant and anticancer (A-549) activities were 33.1 ± 1.7, 45.1 ± 2.8, 39.3 ± 2.9 and 31.3 ± 1.7, 27.9 ± 2.4, 25.3 ± 2.2 for β-carotene, MF2 and NF2 respectively with no significant cytotoxicity on HEK-293 cells and RBCs (p > 0.05). This comparative study of microspheres and nanoparticles may allow the diverse applications of an unconventional bacterial β-carotene with promising stability and efficacies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasree Majumdar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India; Department of Zoology, Sonamukhi College, Sonamukhi, Bankura 722207, West Bengal, India
| | - Tamal Mandal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Dalia Dasgupta Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu J, Ma L, Zhang G, Chen Y, Wang Z. Recent Progress of Surface Modified Nanomaterials for Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species in Organism. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:2269-2289. [PMID: 34669378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for normal physiological processes and play important roles in signal transduction, immunity, and tissue homeostasis. However, excess ROS may have a negative effect on the normal cells leading to various diseases. Nanomaterials are an attractive therapeutic alternative of antioxidants and possess an intrinsic ability to scavenge ROS. Surface modification for nanomaterials is a critical strategy to improve their comprehensive performances. Herein, we review the different surface modified strategies for nanomaterials to scavenge ROS and their inherent antioxidant capability, mechanisms of action, and biological applications. At last, the primary challenges and future perspectives in this emerging research frontier have also been highlighted. It is believed that this review paper will offer a top understanding and guidance on engineering future high-performance surface modified ROS scavenging nanomaterials for wide biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Guoyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.,Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang J, Hua S, Huang Z, Gu Z, Cheng L, Hong Y. Comparison of bioaccessibility of astaxanthin encapsulated in starch-based double emulsion with different structures. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118475. [PMID: 34420734 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, different types of starch-based double emulsion (SDE) structures were developed to improve the bioavailability of astaxanthin (AST). Droplet size, microstructure, zeta potential of the AST-loaded SDEs were measured during in vitro digestion model. Compared with the C-type SDEs prepared with high amylose starch (HAS), the AST-loaded SDEs prepared using native corn starch of 5 wt% (B-type structure) and 7 wt% (A-type structure) presented small mean droplet diameters (MA = 11.18 ± 0.40 μm and 8.23 ± 0.37 μm, respectively) and were more stable after simulated gastric digestion. Furthermore, the lipid digestion products (free fatty acids) were studied after simulated intestinal digestion. Interestingly, the bioaccessibility (57.54 ± 1.88%) of AST-loaded SDEs prepared by HAS was six times higher than that of digested unencapsulated AST. Thus, SDEs were found to be suitable carriers for liposoluble nutrient delivery and bioavailability in foods, beverages, and nutraceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuxian Hua
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zehao Huang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengbiao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Hong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sun J, Wei Z, Xue C. Recent research advances in astaxanthin delivery systems: Fabrication technologies, comparisons and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-22. [PMID: 34657544 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1989661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AST) is classified as a kind of carotenoid with bright red color, powerful antioxidant activity as well as a range of health benefits. AST-based functional foods present a new thought of healthy diets with both the enhancement of food color and incorporation of nutrients. However, the poor water solubility, easy oxidation, light instability, thermal instability and peculiar smell excessively restrict its application in the food industry. In this review, common bio-based materials for various AST delivery systems suitable for different food products are highlighted. Moreover, characteristics of different delivery systems and current applications in food products are also compared and summarized. This review provides some ideas on the research trends and applications of AST delivery systems in food. The joint use of two or more materials can significantly enhance the stability of delivery systems. All of the encapsulation systems slow down the degradation of AST to a certain extent and can be applied to different food systems. However, studies and applications are still focused on emulsions and microcapsules with unsatisfactory odor masking effects. In the future, diverse AST-loaded delivery systems with high encapsulation efficacy, good stability, odor masking effects and cost-effective preparation technologies will be the major research trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zihao Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
An integration study of microalgae bioactive retention: From microalgae biomass to microalgae bioactives nanoparticle. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 158:112607. [PMID: 34653554 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae metabolites include biologically active compounds with therapeutic effects such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation effects. One of the most recent focuses is on utilizing microalgae lipid-based biologically active compounds in food applications. However, most microalgae biological active compounds in their natural forms have common drawbacks like low solubility, low physicochemical stability and strong susceptibility to degradation, which significantly limits their application in foods, therefore, it is important to find solutions to retain their functional properties. In the present work, a comprehensive review on multi-product biorefinery was carried out from upstream processing stage to downstream processing stage, and identify critical processes and factors that impact bioactive material acquisition and retention. Furthermore, since nanoencapsulation technology emerges as an effective solution for microalgae nutraceutical product's retention, this work also focus on the nanoparticle perspective and comprehensively reviews the current nanoencapsulation solutions of the microalgae bioactive extract products. The aim is to depict advances in the formulations of microalage bioactive nanoparticles and provide a critical analysis of the reported nanoparticle formation. Overall, through the investigation of microalgae from biomass to bioactive nanoparticles, we aim to facilitate microalgae nutraceuticals incorporation as high value-added ingredients in more functional food that can improve human health.
Collapse
|
31
|
Oh JW, Shin J, Chun S, Muthu M, Gopal J. Evaluating the Anticarcinogenic Activity of Surface Modified/Functionalized Nanochitosan: The Emerging Trends and Endeavors. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3138. [PMID: 34578039 PMCID: PMC8471611 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan begins its humble journey from marine food shell wastes and ends up as a versatile nutraceutical. This review focuses on briefly discussing the antioxidant activity of chitosan and retrospecting the accomplishments of chitosan nanoparticles as an anticarcinogen. The various modified/functionalized/encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles and nanoforms have been listed and their biomedical deliverables presented. The anticancer accomplishments of chitosan and its modified composites have been reviewed and presented. The future of surface modified chitosan and the lacunae in the current research focus have been discussed as future perspective. This review puts forth the urge to expand the scientific curiosity towards attempting a variety of functionalization and surface modifications to chitosan. There are few well known modifications and functionalization that benefit biomedical applications that have been proven for other systems. Being a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer, chitosan-based nanomaterials are an attractive option for medical applications. Therefore, maximizing expansion of its bioactive properties are explored. The need for applying the ideal functionalization that will significantly promote the anticancer contributions of chitosan nanomaterials has also been stressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Wook Oh
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (J.-W.O.); (J.S.)
| | - Juhyun Shin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (J.-W.O.); (J.S.)
| | - Sechul Chun
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (S.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Manikandan Muthu
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (S.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Judy Gopal
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (S.C.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lima SGM, Freire MCLC, Oliveira VDS, Solisio C, Converti A, de Lima ÁAN. Astaxanthin Delivery Systems for Skin Application: A Review. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19090511. [PMID: 34564173 PMCID: PMC8471810 DOI: 10.3390/md19090511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AST) is a biomolecule known for its powerful antioxidant effect, which is considered of great importance in biochemical research and has great potential for application in cosmetics, as well as food products that are beneficial to human health and medicines. Unfortunately, its poor solubility in water, chemical instability, and low oral bioavailability make its applications in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical field a major challenge for the development of new products. To favor the search for alternatives to enhance and make possible the use of AST in formulations, this article aimed to review the scientific data on its application in delivery systems. The search was made in databases without time restriction, using keywords such as astaxanthin, delivery systems, skin, cosmetic, topical, and dermal. All delivery systems found, such as liposomes, particulate systems, inclusion complexes, emulsions, and films, presented peculiar advantages able to enhance AST properties, among which are stability, antioxidant potential, biological activities, and drug release. This survey showed that further studies are needed for the industrial development of new AST-containing cosmetics and topical formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Verônica da Silva Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil; (S.G.M.L.); (V.d.S.O.)
| | - Carlo Solisio
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environment Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, University of Genoa, I-16145 Genoa, Italy; (C.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environment Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, University of Genoa, I-16145 Genoa, Italy; (C.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Ádley Antonini Neves de Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil; (S.G.M.L.); (V.d.S.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(84)99928-8864
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rodolfo C, Eusébio D, Ventura C, Nunes R, Florindo HF, Costa D, Sousa Â. Design of Experiments to Achieve an Efficient Chitosan-Based DNA Vaccine Delivery System. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091369. [PMID: 34575445 PMCID: PMC8471690 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In current times, DNA vaccines are seen as a promising approach to treat and prevent diseases, such as virus infections and cancer. Aiming at the production of a functional and effective plasmid DNA (pDNA) delivery system, four chitosan polymers, differing in the molecular weight, were studied using the design of experiments (DoE) tool. These gene delivery systems were formulated by ionotropic gelation and exploring the chitosan and TPP concentrations as DoE inputs to maximize the nanoparticle positive charge and minimize their size and polydispersity index (PDI) as DoE outputs. The obtained linear and quadratic models were statistically significant (p-value < 0.05) and non-significant lack of fit, with suitable coefficient of determination and the respective optimal points successfully validated. Furthermore, morphology, stability and cytotoxicity assays were performed to evaluate the endurance of these systems over time and their further potential for future in vitro studies. The subsequent optimization process was successful achieved for the delivery systems based on the four chitosan polymers, in which the smallest particle size was obtained for the carrier containing the 5 kDa chitosan (~82 nm), while the nanosystem prepared with the high molecular weight (HMW) chitosan displayed the highest zeta potential (~+26.8 mV). Delivery systems were stable in the formulation buffer after a month and did not exhibit toxicity for the cells. In this sense, DoE revealed to be a powerful tool to explore and tailor the characteristics of chitosan/pDNA nanosystems significantly contributing to unraveling an optimum carrier for advancing the DNA vaccines delivery field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rodolfo
- CICS-UBI—Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (C.R.); (D.E.); (C.V.); (R.N.); (D.C.)
| | - Dalinda Eusébio
- CICS-UBI—Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (C.R.); (D.E.); (C.V.); (R.N.); (D.C.)
| | - Cathy Ventura
- CICS-UBI—Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (C.R.); (D.E.); (C.V.); (R.N.); (D.C.)
| | - Renato Nunes
- CICS-UBI—Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (C.R.); (D.E.); (C.V.); (R.N.); (D.C.)
| | - Helena F. Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Diana Costa
- CICS-UBI—Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (C.R.); (D.E.); (C.V.); (R.N.); (D.C.)
| | - Ângela Sousa
- CICS-UBI—Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (C.R.); (D.E.); (C.V.); (R.N.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-275-329
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Multi-spectroscopies and molecular docking insights into the interaction mechanism and antioxidant activity of astaxanthin and β-lactoglobulin nanodispersions. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
35
|
Wani TA, Masoodi F, Akhter R. Preparation and characterization of chitosan flake and chitosan nanopowder gels: A comparative study of rheological, thermal and morphological perspectives. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
36
|
Feng H, Yang X, Zhang L, Liu Q, Feng Y, Wu D, Liu Y, Yang J. Mannose-Modified Chitosan Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) Microspheres Act as a Mannose Receptor-Mediated Delivery System Enhancing the Immune Response. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132208. [PMID: 34279352 PMCID: PMC8271610 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mannose receptor (MAN-R)-targeted delivery system is commonly used to deliver antigens to macrophages or immature dendritic cells (DCs) to promote the efficiency of antigen presentation. To maximize the enhancement effects of chitosan (CS) and induce an efficient humoral and cellular immune response against an antigen, we encapsulated ovalbumin (OVA) in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (MPs) and conjugated it with MAN-modified CS to obtain MAN-R-targeting nano-MPs (MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs). The physicochemical properties, drug loading rate, and immunomodulation activity of MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs were evaluated. In vitro, MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs (80 μg mL−1) could enhance the proliferation of DCs and increase their phagocytic efficiency. In vivo, MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs significantly increased the ratio of CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+ T cells, increased CD80+, CD86+, and MHC II expression in DCs, and improved OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibodies. Moreover, MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs promoted cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-6) production in mice. Taken together, our results show that MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs may act by activating the T cells to initiate an immune response by promoting the maturation of dendritic cells and improving their antigen presentation efficiency. The current study provides a basis for the use of MAN-CS-OVA-PLGA-MPs as an antigen and adjuvant delivery system targeting the MAN-R on the surface of macrophages and dendritic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Feng
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-28-85522310
| | - Xiaonong Yang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Linzi Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yangyang Feng
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Daiyan Wu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunjie Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang 402460, China; (Y.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang 402460, China; (Y.L.); (J.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Niaz T, Imran M, Mackie A. Improving carvacrol bioaccessibility using core-shell carrier-systems under simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Food Chem 2021; 353:129505. [PMID: 33735775 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The impact of encapsulating carvacrol in chitosan-albumin based core-shell nano-carriers (NCs) on its stability and bioaccessibility was determined under simulated digestion conditions. These NCs consisted of chitosan (C) core enclosed by bovine serum albumin (BSA) shell. The mean particle size ranged from 52.4 ± 10 nm to 203 ± 6 nm and zeta-potential from + 21 ± 3.6 to -18 ± 2.7 mV. The size and charge were significantly modified after the protein-shell formation around the polysaccharide-core. Core-shell NCs were more stable, with less aggregation under simulated gastrointestinal conditions than C-NCs, presumably due to greater steric repulsion. Likewise, core-shell NCs were observed relatively more stabilized in the intestinal phase than gastric phase. The bioaccessibility of carvacrol was enhanced significantly when it was encapsulated in the core-shell NCs. These findings imply that C-BSA based core-shell NCs might be an efficient means of encapsulating, protecting and delivering hydrophobic bioactive compounds for applications in functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taskeen Niaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan; Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Alan Mackie
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Recent advances in nanoencapsulation of hydrophobic marine bioactives: Bioavailability, safety, and sensory attributes of nano-fortified functional foods. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
39
|
Vieira MV, Derner RB, Lemos-Senna E. Preparation and characterization of Haematococcus pluvialis carotenoid-loaded PLGA nanocapsules in a gel system with antioxidant properties for topical application. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
40
|
Maghsoudi S, Taghavi Shahraki B, Rabiee N, Fatahi Y, Bagherzadeh M, Dinarvand R, Ahmadi S, Rabiee M, Tahriri M, Hamblin MR, Tayebi L, Webster TJ. The colorful world of carotenoids: a profound insight on therapeutics and recent trends in nano delivery systems. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3658-3697. [PMID: 33399020 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1867958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of carotenoids as dietary supplements to control or even treat some specific diseases including diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular diseases, bacterial infections, as well as breast, prostate, and skin cancer are discussed in this review and also thoughts on future research for their widespread use are emphasized. From the stability standpoint, carotenoids have low bioavailability and bioaccessibility owing to their poor water solubility, deterioration in the presence of environmental stresses such as oxygen, light, and high heat as well as rapid degradation during digestion. Nanoencapsulation technologies as wall or encapsulation materials have been increasingly used for improving food product functionality. Nanoencapsulation is a versatile process employed for the protection, entrapment, and the delivery of food bioactive products including carotenoids from diverse environmental conditions for extended shelf lives and for providing controlled release. Therefore, we present here, recent (mostly during the last five years) nanoencapsulation methods of carotenoids with various nanocarriers. To us, this review can be considered as the first highlighting not only the potential therapeutic effects of carotenoids on various diseases but also their most effective nanodelivery systems.HighlightsBioactive compounds are of deep interest to improve food properties.Carotenoids (such as β-carotene and xanthophylls) play indispensable roles in maintaining human health and well-being.A substantial research effort has been carried out on developing beneficial nanodelivery systems for various carotenoids.Nanoencapsulation of carotenoids can enhance their functional properties.Stable nanoencapsulated carotenoids could be utilized in food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Maghsoudi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Department of Engineering, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Vieira MV, Pastrana LM, Fuciños P. Microalgae Encapsulation Systems for Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetics Applications. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E644. [PMID: 33333921 PMCID: PMC7765346 DOI: 10.3390/md18120644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are microorganisms with a singular biochemical composition, including several biologically active compounds with proven pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. These properties make microalgae an interesting natural resource to be used as a functional ingredient, as well as in the prevention and treatment of diseases, or cosmetic formulations. Nevertheless, natural bioactives often possess inherent chemical instability and/or poor solubility, which are usually associated with low bioavailability. As such, their industrial potential as a health-promoting substance might be severely compromised. In this context, encapsulation systems are considered as a promising and emerging strategy to overcome these shortcomings due to the presence of a surrounding protective layer. Diverse systems have already been reported in the literature for natural bioactives, where some of them have been successfully applied to microalgae compounds. Therefore, this review focuses on exploring encapsulation systems for microalgae biomass, their extracts, or purified bioactives for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic purposes. Moreover, this work also covers the most common encapsulation techniques and types of coating materials used, along with the main findings regarding the beneficial effects of these systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pablo Fuciños
- Food Processing and Nutrition Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (M.V.V.); (L.M.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Improvement of thermal and UV-light stability of β-carotene-loaded nanoemulsions by water-soluble chitosan coating. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1156-1163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
43
|
Kidney-targeted astaxanthin natural antioxidant nanosystem for diabetic nephropathy therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 156:143-154. [PMID: 32937179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a frequent and severe microvascular complication associated with oxidative stress of diabetes mellitus. A novel astaxanthin-based natural antioxidant nanosystem, namely AST-GLU-LIP, with preferential renal uptake and bioavailability were prepared and applied for treatment of diabetic nephropathy in rats. Our results of kidney-targeted evaluation showed that glucose-PEG600-DSPE ligand modified AST liposomes could be specifically transported by overexpressed GLUT1 on the membrane of glomerular mesangial cells and achieved excellent kidney-targeted drug delivery. In addition, the results of pharmacodynamics and therapeutics in DN rats demonstrated that AST-GLU-LIP could improve the bioavailability and antioxidant capacity of AST to scavenge redundant ROS induced by oxidative stress. AST-GLU-LIP could also significantly improve the renal pathological morphology to protect the kidney as a therapeutic drug for diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
|
44
|
Marrazzo P, O’Leary C. Repositioning Natural Antioxidants for Therapeutic Applications in Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E104. [PMID: 32887327 PMCID: PMC7552777 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a large panel of natural antioxidants demonstrate a protective effect in preventing cellular oxidative stress, their low bioavailability limits therapeutic activity at the targeted injury site. The importance to deliver drug or cells into oxidative microenvironments can be realized with the development of biocompatible redox-modulating materials. The incorporation of antioxidant compounds within implanted biomaterials should be able to retain the antioxidant activity, while also allowing graft survival and tissue recovery. This review summarizes the recent literature reporting the combined role of natural antioxidants with biomaterials. Our review highlights how such functionalization is a promising strategy in tissue engineering to improve the engraftment and promote tissue healing or regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy
| | - Cian O’Leary
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephen’s Green, 2 D02 Dublin, Ireland;
- Science Foundation Ireland Advanced Materials and Bioengineering (AMBER) Centre, RCSI, 2 D02 Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Recent Advances in Astaxanthin Micro/Nanoencapsulation to Improve Its Stability and Functionality as a Food Ingredient. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18080406. [PMID: 32752203 PMCID: PMC7459837 DOI: 10.3390/md18080406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin is a carotenoid produced by different organisms and microorganisms such as microalgae, bacteria, yeasts, protists, and plants, and it is also accumulated in aquatic animals such as fish and crustaceans. Astaxanthin and astaxanthin-containing lipid extracts obtained from these sources present an intense red color and a remarkable antioxidant activity, providing great potential to be employed as food ingredients with both technological and bioactive functions. However, their use is hindered by: their instability in the presence of high temperatures, acidic pH, oxygen or light; their low water solubility, bioaccessibility and bioavailability; their intense odor/flavor. The present paper reviews recent advances in the micro/nanoencapsulation of astaxanthin and astaxanthin-containing lipid extracts, developed to improve their stability, bioactivity and technological functionality for use as food ingredients. The use of diverse micro/nanoencapsulation techniques using wall materials of a different nature to improve water solubility and dispersibility in foods, masking undesirable odor and flavor, is firstly discussed, followed by a discussion of the importance of the encapsulation to retard astaxanthin release, protecting it from degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. The nanoencapsulation of astaxanthin to improve its bioaccessibility, bioavailability and bioactivity is further reviewed. Finally, the main limitations and future trends on the topic are discussed.
Collapse
|
46
|
Techno-functional characterization of chitosan nanoparticles prepared through planetary ball milling. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:166-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
47
|
Pelegrino MT, Paganotti A, Seabra AB, Weller RB. Photochemistry of nitric oxide and S-nitrosothiols in human skin. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 153:431-441. [PMID: 32162135 PMCID: PMC7300104 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01858-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is related to a wide range of physiological processes such as vasodilation, macrophages cytotoxicity and wound healing. The human skin contains NO precursors (NOx). Those are mainly composed of nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), and S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs) which forms a large NO store. These NOx stores in human skin can mobilize NO to blood stream upon ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the most effective UV light wavelength to generate NO and compare it to each NO precursor in aqueous solution. In addition, the UV light might change the RSNO content on human skin. First, we irradiated pure aqueous solutions of NO2- and NO3- and mixtures of NO2- and glutathione and NO3- and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) to identify the NO release profile from those species alone. In sequence, we evaluated the NO generation profile on human skin slices. Human skin was acquired from redundant plastic surgical samples and the NO and RSNO measurements were performed using a selective NO electrochemical sensor. The data showed that UV light could trigger the NO generation in skin with a peak at 280-285 nm (UVB range). We also observed a significant RSNO formation in irradiated human skin, with a peak at 320 nm (UV region) and at 700 nm (visible region). Pre-treatment of the human skin slice using NO2- and thiol (RSHs) scavengers confirmed the important role of these molecules in RSNO formation. These findings have important implications for clinical trials with potential for new therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena T Pelegrino
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal Do ABC, Av. dos Estados 5001, Santo André, SP, CEP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - André Paganotti
- Laboratory of Materials and Mechanical Manufacture, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Amedea B Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal Do ABC, Av. dos Estados 5001, Santo André, SP, CEP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Richard B Weller
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
A Chitosanase mutant from Streptomyces sp. N174 prefers to produce functional chitopentasaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:1091-1098. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
49
|
Hu Q, Hu S, Fleming E, Lee JY, Luo Y. Chitosan-caseinate-dextran ternary complex nanoparticles for potential oral delivery of astaxanthin with significantly improved bioactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:747-756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
50
|
Astaxanthin-loaded polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (ATX-LPN): assessment of potential otoprotective effects. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:53. [PMID: 32192504 PMCID: PMC7081530 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ototoxicity is one of the major side effects of platinum-based chemotherapy, especially cisplatin therapy. To date, no FDA approved agents to alleviate or prevent this ototoxicity are available. However, ototoxicity is generally believed to be produced by excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the inner ear, thus leading to the development of various antioxidants, which act as otoprotective agents. Astaxanthin (ATX) is an interesting candidate in the development of new therapies for preventing and treating oxidative stress-related pathologies, owing to its unique antioxidant capacity. Methods and results In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential antioxidant properties of ATX in the inner ear by using the HEI-OC1 cell line, zebrafish, and guinea pigs. Because ATX has poor solubility and cannot pass through round window membranes (RWM), we established lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPN) for loading ATX. The LPN enabled ATX to penetrate RWM and maintain concentrations in the perilymph in the inner ear for 24 h after a single injection. ATX-LPN were found to have favorable biocompatibility and to strongly affect cisplatin-induced generation of ROS, on the basis of DCFHDA staining in HEI-OC1 cells. JC-1 and MitoTracker Green staining suggested that ATX-LPN successfully reversed the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential induced by cisplatin in vitro and rescued cells from early stages of apoptosis, as demonstrated by FACS stained with Annexin V-FITC/PI. Moreover, ATX-LPN successfully attenuated OHC losses in cultured organ of Corti and animal models (zebrafish and guinea pigs) in vivo. In investigating the protective mechanism of ATX-LPN, we found that ATX-LPN decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (caspase 3/9 and cytochrome-c) and increased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. In addition, the activation of JNK induced by CDDP was up-regulated and then decreased after the administration of ATX-LPN, while P38 stayed unchanged. Conclusions To best of our knowledge, this is first study concluded that ATX-LPN as a new therapeutic agent for the prevention of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.![]()
Collapse
|