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Zhihui Y, Jiahui W, Zhao T, Wang L, Liang T, Zheng Y. Mitochondrial structure and function: a new direction for the targeted treatment of chronic liver disease with Chinese herbal medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024:118461. [PMID: 38908494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Excessive fat accumulation, biological clock dysregulation , viral infections, and sustained inflammatory responses can lead to liver inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer, thus promoting the development of chronic liver disease. A comprehensive understanding of the etiological factors leading to chronic liver disease and the intrinsic mechanisms influencing its onset and progression can aid in identifying potential targets for targeted therapy. Mitochondria, as key organelles that maintain the metabolic homeostasis of the liver, provide an important foundation for exploring therapeutic targets for chronic liver disease. Recent studies have shown that active ingredients in herbal medicines and their natural products can modulate chronic liver disease by influencing the structure and function of mitochondria. Therefore, studying how Chinese herbs target mitochondrial structure and function to treat chronic liver diseases is of great significance. AIM OF THE STUDY Investigating the prospects of herbal medicine the Lens of chronic liver disease based on mitochondrial structure and function. MATERIALS AND METHODS A computerized search of PubMed was conducted using the keywords "mitochondrial structure", "mitochondrial function", "mitochondria and chronic liver disease", "botanicals, mitochondria and chronic liver disease".Data from the Web of Science and Science Direct databases were also included. The research findings regarding herbal medicines targeting mitochondrial structure and function for the treatment of chronic liver disease are summarized. RESULTS A computerized search of PubMed using the keywords "mitochondrial structure", "mitochondrial function", "mitochondria and chronic liver disease", "phytopharmaceuticals, mitochondria, and chronic liver disease", as well as the Web of Science and Science Direct databases was conducted to summarize information on studies of mitochondrial structure- and function-based Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of chronic liver disease and to suggest that the effects of herbal medicines on mitochondrial division and fusion.The study suggested that there is much room for research on the influence of Chinese herbs on mitochondrial division and fusion. CONCLUSIONS Targeting mitochondrial structure and function is crucial for herbal medicine to combat chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhihui
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Wang Jiahui
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Tiejian Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Tianjian Liang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China.
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China.
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Zheng S, Zeng Y, Chu L, Gong T, Li S, Yang M. Renal Tissue-Derived Exosomal miRNA-34a in Diabetic Nephropathy Induces Renal Tubular Cell Fibrosis by Promoting the Polarization of M1 Macrophages. IET Nanobiotechnol 2024; 2024:5702517. [PMID: 38863972 PMCID: PMC11095076 DOI: 10.1049/2024/5702517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease, and the activation and infiltration of phagocytes are critical steps of DN. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of exosomes in macrophages and diabetes nephropathy and the role of miRNA-34a, which might provide a new path for treating DN. Materials and Methods The DN model was established, and the success of the model establishment was confirmed by detecting general indicators, HE staining, and immunohistochemistry. Electron microscopy and NanoSight Tracking Analysis (NTA) were used to see the morphology and size of exosomes. MiRNA-34a inhibitor, miRNA-34a mimics, pc-PPARGC1A, and controls were transfected in macrophages with or without kidney exosomal. A dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment verifies the targeting relationship between miRNA-34a and PPARGC1A. After exosomal culture, macrophages are co-cultured with normal renal tubular cells to detect renal tubular cell fibrosis. Q-PCR and western blot were undertaken to detect related RNA and proteins. Results An animal model of diabetic nephropathy was successfully constructed. Macrophages could phagocytose exosomes. After ingesting model exosomes, M1 macrophages were activated, while M2 macrophages were weakened, indicating the model mice's kidney exosomes caused the polarization. MiRNA-34a inhibitor increased PPARGC1A expression. MiRNA-34a expressed higher in diabetic nephropathy Model-Exo. MiRNA-34a negatively regulated PPARGC1A. PPARGC1A rescued macrophage polarization and renal tubular cell fibrosis. Conclusion Exosomal miRNA-34a of tubular epithelial cells promoted M1 macrophage activation in diabetic nephropathy via negatively regulating PPARGC1A expression, which may provide a new direction for further exploration of DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, No. 347 Dianmian Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, No. 347 Dianmian Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Liqing Chu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, No. 347 Dianmian Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Taiyang Gong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, No. 347 Dianmian Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Sihong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, No. 347 Dianmian Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, No. 347 Dianmian Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
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Hao B, Yang Z, Liu H, Liu Y, Wang S. Advances in Flavonoid Research: Sources, Biological Activities, and Developmental Prospectives. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2884-2925. [PMID: 38666911 PMCID: PMC11049524 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, the occurrence of a large number of infectious and non-communicable diseases poses a serious threat to human health as well as to drug development for the treatment of these diseases. One of the most significant challenges is finding new drug candidates that are therapeutically effective and have few or no side effects. In this respect, the active compounds in medicinal plants, especially flavonoids, are potentially useful compounds with a wide range of pharmacological activities. They are naturally present in nature and valuable in the treatment of many infectious and non-communicable diseases. Flavonoids are divided into fourteen categories and are mainly derived from plant extraction, chemical synthesis and structural modification, and biosynthesis. The structural modification of flavonoids is an important way to discover new drugs, but biosynthesis is currently considered the most promising research direction with the potential to revolutionize the new production pipeline in the synthesis of flavonoids. However, relevant problems such as metabolic pathway analyses and cell synthesis protocols for flavonoids need to be addressed on an urgent basis. In the present review, new research techniques for assessing the biological activities of flavonoids and the mechanisms of their biological activities are elucidated and their modes of interaction with other drugs are described. Moreover, novel drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, bioparticles, colloidals, etc., are gradually becoming new means of addressing the issues of poor hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, poor chemical stability, and low bioavailability of flavonoids. The present review summarizes the latest research progress on flavonoids, existing problems with their therapeutic efficacy, and how these issues can be solved with the research on flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (B.H.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (Y.L.)
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Zhang Y, Zhao H, Fu X, Wang K, Yang J, Zhang X, Wang H. The role of hydrogen sulfide regulation of pyroptosis in different pathological processes. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116254. [PMID: 38377826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is one kind of programmed cell death in which the cell membrane ruptures and subsequently releases cell contents and pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and IL-18. Pyroptosis is caused by many types of pathological stimuli, such as hyperglycemia (HG), oxidative stress, and inflammation, and is mediated by gasdermin (GSDM) protein family. Increasing evidence indicates that pyroptosis plays an important role in multiple diseases, such as cancer, kidney diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the regulation of pyroptosis is crucial for the occurrence, development, and treatment of many diseases. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a biologically active gasotransmitter following carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxide (NO) in mammalian tissues. So far, three enzymes, including 3-mercaptopyruvate sulphurtransferase (3-MST), cystathionine γ- Lyase (CSE), and Cystine β-synthesis enzyme (CBS), have been found to catalyze the production of endogenous H2S in mammals. H2S has been reported to have multiple biological functions including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis and so on. Hence, H2S is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, many studies have demonstrated that H2S plays a critical role by regulating pyroptosis in various pathological processes, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, alcoholic liver disease, and diabetes cardiomyopathy. However, the relevant mechanism has not been completely understood. Therefore, elucidating the mechanism by which H2S regulates pyroptosis in diseases will help understand the pathogenesis of multiple diseases and provide important new avenues for the treatment of many diseases. Here, we reviewed the progress of H2S regulation of pyroptosis in different pathological processes, and analyzed the molecular mechanism in detail to provide a theoretical reference for future related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Huijie Zhao
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xiaodi Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Kexiao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Jiahao Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | | | - Honggang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China.
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Feng C, Zhang H, Wang P, Zhang L, Liu X, Yan G, Yan Y, Yang J, Liu J, Tan F, Wang X, Zeng Q. Oroxylin A suppress LL-37 generated rosacea-like skin inflammation through the modulation of SIRT3-SOD2-NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111636. [PMID: 38364746 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Rosacea is a long-term inflammatory skin disease associated with the dysfunction of vascular and immunological systems. Treatment options for rosacea are difficult to implement. Oroxylin A(OA), a traditional Chinese medicine, has anti-inflammation effects in a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, it is not known that whether OA exerts protective effects against LL-37-induced rosacea. In this study, bioinformatics analyses showed that the mechanisms of rosacea and the pharmacological targets of OA were highly overlapped. Subsequently, it was shown that the administration of OA resulted in a notable amelioration of rosacea-like skin lesions, as evidenced by a reduction in immune cell infiltration, modulation of cytokine production, and inhibition of angiogenesis. Plus, it was shown that OA effectively suppressed the generation of ROS generated by LL-37, as well as the subsequent activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. To explore further, we found that OA inhibited LL-37-induced ROS production via SIRT3-SOD2 signaling pathway in keratinocytes. Based on the aforementioned evidence, it can be inferred that OA exhibits a mitigating effect on the inflammatory response in rosacea by modulating the SIRT3-SOD2-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Feng
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Peiru Wang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Guorong Yan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Fei Tan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.
| | - Qingyu Zeng
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.
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Li L, Kong L, Xu S, Wang C, Gu J, Luo H, Meng Q. FXR overexpression prevents hepatic steatosis through inhibiting AIM2 inflammasome activation in alcoholic liver disease. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:188-205. [PMID: 38183609 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10621-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a metabolic liver disease caused by excessive alcohol consumption, has attracted increasing attention due to its high prevalence and mortality. Up to date, there is no effective and feasible treatment method for ALD. This study was to investigate whether Farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) can alleviate ALD and whether this effect is mediated by inhibiting absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome activation. METHODS The difference in FXR expression between normal subjects and ALD patients was analyzed using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet with 5% ethanol (v/v) (EtOH) was adopted to establish the mouse ALD model. Liver histopathological changes and the accumulation of lipid droplets were assessed by H&E and Oil Red O staining. Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting analysis and immunofluorescence staining were utilized to evaluate the expression levels of related genes and proteins. DCFH-DA staining was adopted to visualize reactive oxidative species (ROS). RESULTS FXR was distinctly downregulated in liver tissues of patients with steatosis compared to normal livers using the GEO database, and in ethanol-induced AML-12 cellular steatosis model. FXR overexpression ameliorated hepatic lipid metabolism disorder and steatosis induced by ethanol by inhibiting the expression of genes involved in lipid synthesis and inducing the expression of genes responsible for lipid metabolism. Besides, FXR overexpression inhibited ethanol-induced AIM2 inflammasome activation and alleviated oxidative stress and ROS production during ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis. However, when FXR was knocked down, the results were completely opposite. CONCLUSIONS FXR attenuated lipid metabolism disorders and lipid degeneration in alcohol-caused liver injury and alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibiting AIM2 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Lina Kong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jiangning Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Haifeng Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China.
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Yang Y, Liu S, Li H, Liu Y, Ren P, Liu Y, Liu S, Guan L. The protective effect of Nostoc commune Vauch. polysaccharide on alcohol-induced acute alcoholic liver disease and gut microbiota disturbance in mice. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:2185-2194. [PMID: 37731216 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the incidence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has gradually increased, the development of ALD is attached great attentions. Nostoc commune Vauch. polysaccharide (NCVP) is beneficial to maintain the gut health, but the protective effect of NCVP on the liver has not been reported yet. PURPOSE To study the protective effect and the underlying mechanisms of NCVP on ALD, a mouse model of acute ALD was established. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We built an acute ALD mouse model and explored the protective effect of NCVP through the detection of cytokines, histological examination, determination of short chain fatty acids, and 16S rRNA analysis of gut microbiota. RESULTS NCVP had hepatoprotective effects on acute alcohol-induced mice by improving antioxidant capacity, reducing oxidative stress and the serum cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Simultaneously, histopathological changes in liver indicated that NCVP could inhibit local hepatocyte necrosis, cytoplasmic vacuolation and inflammatory cell infiltration induced by alcohol. NCVP also increased the level of total short-chain fatty acids of acute ALD mice. In addition, NCVP could significantly decrease the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and the abundance of Patescibacteria, Helicobacter, and Actinomycetes and increase the abundance of Lachospiraceae, Prevotellaceae-UCG-003, Lactobacillaceae, and Desulfovibrio. CONCLUSION Our study proved that NCVP had in vivo hepatoprotective effect on acute ALD mice and provided scientific evidences that NCVP might be a promising drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Su Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Hailong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Ping Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Shuming Liu
- Key Laboratory for Research and Development of New Veterinary Drugs, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Lili Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
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He W, Xu C, Mao D, Zheng Y, Wang N, Wang M, Mao N, Wang T, Li Y. Recent advances in pyroptosis, liver disease, and traditional Chinese medicine: A review. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5473-5494. [PMID: 37622684 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of liver disease has increased, becoming a major cause of death. Various liver diseases are intricately linked to pyroptosis, which is one of the most common forms of programmed cell death. As a powerful weapon in the fight against liver diseases, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can affect pyroptosis via a number of routes, including the classical, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors protein 3/caspase-1/gasdermin D (GSDMD) pathway, the nonclassical lipopolysaccharide/caspase-11/GSDMD pathway, the ROS/caspase-3/gasdermin E pathway, the caspase-9/caspase-3/GSDMD pathway, and the Apaf-1/caspase-11/caspase-3 pathway. In this review, we provide an overview of pyroptosis, the interplay between pyroptosis and liver diseases, and the mechanisms through which TCM regulates pyroptosis in liver diseases. The information used in the text was collected and compiled from the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang Data up to June 2023. The search was not limited with regard to the language and country of the articles. Research and review articles were included, and papers with duplicate results or unrelated content were excluded. We examined the current understanding of the relationship between pyroptosis and liver diseases as well as the advances in TCM interventions to provide a resource for the identification of potential targets for TCM in the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing He
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Canli Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dewen Mao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Minggang Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Nan Mao
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Feng S, Qi Y, Xiao Z, Chen H, Liu S, Luo H, Wu H, Zhang W. CircHIPK3 relieves vascular calcification via mediating SIRT1/PGC-1α/MFN2 pathway by interacting with FUS. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:583. [PMID: 38012555 PMCID: PMC10683355 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03602-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to regulate the biological processes of human diseases. CircHIPK3 has been implicated in vascular calcification, but the downstream regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Our study aimed to understand the regulatory function of circHIPK3 in vascular calcification. METHODS CircHIPK3 expression in atherosclerosis (AS) serum samples and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification model was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The binding relationships between fused in sarcoma (FUS) and circHIPK3 or sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) were verified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA pull-down assays. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining assays were performed to evaluate the biological effect of β-glycerophosphate (β-GP) and circHIPK3 on calcium deposition. qRT-PCR and western blot assays were used to examine the effect of β-GP, circHIPK3, SIRT1, mitofusin 2 (MFN2), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) on VSMCs calcification and the expression of calcification-related proteins. RESULTS In AS serum samples and VSMCs calcification model, the expression of circHIPK3 was significantly reduced. CircHIPK3 overexpression inhibited ALP activity and calcium deposition in β-GP-induced VSMCs. Moreover, circHIPK3 could recruit FUS to further stabilize SIRT1 mRNA. CircHIPK3 promoted MFN2 expression to alleviate VSMCs calcification via activating SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling. CONCLUSION The positive regulation of circHIPK3/FUS/SIRT1/PGC-1α/MFN2 signaling pathway contributed to the alleviate VSMCs calcification, revealing a novel regulatory axis for vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Feng
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Youfei Qi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zhanxiang Xiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Sahua Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Haimei Luo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hongfei Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China.
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10
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Zhu H, Zhang M, Ye Y, Liu Z, Wang J, Wu X, Lv X. CD73 mitigates hepatic damage in alcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating PI3K/AKT-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115753. [PMID: 37611643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use is a major risk factor for death and disability, resulting in a significant global disease burden. Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) reflects an acute exacerbation of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and is a growing health care and economic burden worldwide. Pyroptosis plays a central role in the pathogenesis of ASH. Nt5e (CD73) is a cell surface ecto-5'-nucleotidase, which is a key enzyme that converts the proinflammatory signal ATP to the anti-inflammatory mediator adenosine (ADO). Studies have found that CD73 is involved in multiple diseases and can alleviate gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis; however, its role and mechanism in ASH are not explicit. AIM To investigate the role and mechanisms of CD73-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis in alcohol-induced liver injury through in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS CD73 knockout (CD73-/-) mice, wild-type (WT) mice, and AML-12 cells were used to evaluate the effect of CD73 on hepatocyte pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. A combination of molecular and histological methods was performed to assess pyroptosis and investigate the mechanism both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS The protein expression of CD73 and pyroptosis pathway-associated genes was increased significantly in hepatocyte injury model both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, CD73 knockout dramatically aggravated inflammatory damage, lipid accumulation, and hepatocyte pyroptosis in the liver. In vitro, overexpression of CD73 by pEGFP-C1/CD73 can decrease NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in hepatocytes. Further analysis revealed that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway is a possible mechanism of CD73 regulation. Meanwhile, this pathological process was inhibited after the use of PI3K inhibitors. CONCLUSION Our results show a novel function of CD73 regulates hepatocytes pyroptosis and highlights the therapeutic opportunity for reducing the disease process in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Mengda Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhenni Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jianpeng Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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11
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Zhou L, Hou G, Zhou H, Abouelezz K, Ye Y, Rao J, Guan S, Wang D. Antagonistic Activity of Oroxylin A against Fusarium graminearum and Its Inhibitory Effect on Zearalenone Production. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:535. [PMID: 37755961 PMCID: PMC10535041 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum produces zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin that is widely found in food and feed products and is toxic to humans and livestock. Piper sarmentosum extract (PSE) inhibits F. graminearum, and Oroxylin A appears to be a major antifungal compound in PSE. The aim of this study is to quantify the Oroxylin A content in PSE using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, and to investigate the antagonistic activity of Oroxylin A against F. graminearum and its inhibitory effect on ZEA production. The results indicate that Oroxylin A inhibits both fungal growth and ZEA production in a dose-dependent manner. Oroxylin A treatment downregulated the mRNA expression of zearalenone biosynthesis protein 1 (ZEB1) and zearalenone biosynthesis protein 2 (ZEB2). The metabolomics analysis of F. graminearum mycelia indicated that the level of ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) deceased (p < 0.05) after Oroxylin A treatment (64-128 ng/mL). Moreover, as the Oroxylin A treatment content increased from 64 to 128 ng/mL, the levels of cis-aconitate (p < 0.05) and fumarate (p < 0.01) were upregulated successively. A correlation analysis further showed that the decreased R5P level was positively correlated with ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression, while the increased cis-aconitate and fumarate levels were negatively correlated with ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression. These findings demonstrate the potential of Oroxylin A as a natural agent to control toxigenic fungi and their mycotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luli Zhou
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (L.Z.); (G.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Guanyu Hou
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (L.Z.); (G.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China;
| | - Khaled Abouelezz
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
| | - Yuxiu Ye
- Hainan Yitian Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Jun Rao
- Tianjin Ninghe Original Pig Farm Co., Ltd., Tianjin 301500, China;
| | - Song Guan
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (L.Z.); (G.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Dingfa Wang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (L.Z.); (G.H.); (S.G.)
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12
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Li R, Xue W, Wei H, Fan Q, Li X, Qiu Y, Cui D. Research Progress of Pyroptosis in Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13065. [PMID: 37685870 PMCID: PMC10488074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a clinical and pathological syndrome characterized by excessive fat deposition and even steatosis in hepatocytes. It has been proven that liver inflammation induced by fat and its derivatives are involved in the pathogenesis of FLD, while the precise mechanism still remains poorly understood. Pyroptosis is programmed inflammatory cell death driving cell swelling and membrane rupture. Pyroptosis is initiated by the activation of inflammasomes and caspases, which further cleaves and activates various gasdermins, leading to pores forming on the cell membrane and the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Recent studies demonstrate that pyroptosis occurs in hepatocytes, and inhibiting pyroptosis could effectively reduce fat deposition in the liver and could ameliorate inflammation from FLD, attracting our prime focus on the role of pyroptosis in FLD. In this manuscript, we reviewed the current understanding of pyroptosis in FLD development, aiming to provide new insights and potential research targets for the clinical diagnosis and intervention of FLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxuan Li
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Weiyue Xue
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Huiting Wei
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Qingqing Fan
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Ye Qiu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China;
| | - Di Cui
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
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Zhu J, Chen H, Cui J, Zhang X, Liu G. Oroxylin A inhibited autoimmune hepatitis-induced liver injury and shifted Treg/Th17 balance to Treg differentiation. Exp Anim 2023; 72:367-378. [PMID: 36927981 PMCID: PMC10435359 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.22-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a kind of autoimmune disease mediated by T cells, and its incidence is gradually increasing in the world. Oroxylin A (OA) is one of the major bioactive flavonoids that has been reported to inhibit inflammatory. Here, an AIH model of mouse was induced by Concanavalin A (Con A). It found that serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were decreased in mice with the treatment of OA. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the liver injury was attenuated by OA, and TUNEL staining indicated that the cells apoptosis of liver was weakened in mice with OA treatment. ELISA analysis of cytokines and chemokines suggested that OA reduced the expression of IL-6, IL-17A, chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and CXCL10, but promoted the expression of IL-10 and TGF-β in mice. The mRNA levels of Il-17a in liver and spleen tissues were also significantly decreased, on the contrary, the mRNA levels of Il-10 in liver and spleen tissues were increased. The proportion of Treg/Th17 detected by flow cytometry revealed that OA promoted the differentiation of Treg and inhibited the differentiation of Th17 both in the liver and spleen. The results of this study demonstrated the inhibitory effects of OA on AIH-induced liver injury and the inflammatory response of AIH, and revealed that OA affected the balance of Treg/Th17 and shifted the balance toward Treg differentiation. It provided new potential drugs for the prevention of AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Hongxiu Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Jianjiao Cui
- Spleen, Stomach and Hepatobiliary Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Spleen, Stomach and Hepatobiliary Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Spleen, Stomach and Hepatobiliary Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
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14
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Li TZ, Bai CY, Wu B, Zhang CY, Wang WT, Shi TW, Zhou J. The Elk-3 target Abhd10 ameliorates hepatotoxic injury and fibrosis in alcoholic liver disease. Commun Biol 2023; 6:682. [PMID: 37400491 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and other forms of chronic hepatotoxic injury can lead to transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-induced hepatic fibrosis and compromised liver function, underscoring the need to develop novel treatments for these conditions. Herein, our analyses of liver tissue samples from severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) patients and two murine models of ALD reveals that the ALD phenotype was associated with upregulation of the transcription factor ETS domain-containing protein (ELK-3) and ELK-3 signaling activity coupled with downregulation of α/β hydrolase domain containing 10 (ABHD10) and upregulation of deactivating S-palmitoylation of the antioxidant protein Peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5). In vitro, we further demonstrate that ELK-3 can directly bind to the ABHD10 promoter to inhibit its transactivation. TGFβ1 and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling induce ABHD10 downregulation and PRDX5 S-palmitoylation via ELK-3. This ELK-3-mediated ABHD10 downregulation drives oxidative stress and disrupts mature hepatocyte function via enhancing S-palmitoylation of PRDX5's Cys100 residue. In vivo, ectopic Abhd10 overexpression ameliorates liver damage in ALD model mice. Overall, these data suggest that the therapeutic targeting of the ABHD10-PRDX5 axis may represent a viable approach to treating ALD and other forms of hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Zhu Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China.
| | - Chun-Ying Bai
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Bao Wu
- Department of Tissue and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Tie-Wei Shi
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, China
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15
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Yuan X, Hou M, Wang Y, Zhang S, Li L, Mi Y, Du H, Yu S, Nan Y. Mitofusin-2 gene polymorphisms and metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease: a case-control study in a Chinese population. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231187953. [PMID: 37522325 PMCID: PMC10392247 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231187953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mitofusion-2 (Mfn2) may have a role in mitochondrial oxidative stress and insulin resistance that can promote the development of metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This retrospective and case control study aimed to explore the relationships between common Mfn2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and MAFLD in a northern Han Chinese population. METHODS Six Mfn2 SNPs (rs2336384, rs873458, rs873457, rs4846085, rs2878677, and rs2236057) were genotyped using the ligase detection reaction in 466 MAFLD patients and 423 healthy controls. Genotype and allele frequencies were calculated, along with haplotype analysis and pairwise linkage disequilibrium. RESULTS The genotype distribution of rs2336384, rs2878677, and rs2236057 among the MAFLD patients showed a significantly different pattern from that of healthy controls. The data showed that an increased risk of MAFLD was significantly correlated with patients carrying the GG genotype of rs2336384, CC genotype of rs873457, TT genotype of rs4846085, TT genotype of rs2878677, and the AA genotype of rs2236057. Moreover, The GGCTTA haplotype was found to be adversely linked with MAFLD by haplotype analysis. CONCLUSION The current findings suggest a strong link between certain Mfn2 gene polymorphisms and MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Yuan
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengmeng Hou
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yiqi Wang
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yingjun Mi
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huijuan Du
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Songhao Yu
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuemin Nan
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Ding S, Jiang J, Zhang G, Yu M, Zheng Y. Ambient particulate matter exposure plus chronic ethanol ingestion exacerbates hepatic fibrosis by triggering the mitochondrial ROS-ferroptosis signaling pathway in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114897. [PMID: 37043943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic ethanol ingestion causes persistent oxidative stresses in the liver, leading to hepatic injury and fibrosis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Recently, ambient particulate matter (PM) has been confirmed to aggravate high-fat diet-induced liver fibrosis by enhancing oxidative stress. Thus, we hypothesized that oxidative stress induced by ambient PM exposure increases the severity of liver fibrosis caused by ethanol ingestion. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6 mice were subjected to ambient PM inhalation, ethanol ingestion or ambient PM-plus-ethanol ingestion for 12 weeks. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (MtROS), liver fibrosis and ferroptosis indicators in the liver were evaluated. In vitro, oxidative stress, MtROS, ferroptosis indicators, profibrotic molecules and fibrosis markers in hepatic stellate (LX-2) cells were also determined. We found that ethanol ingestion markedly elevated hepatic oxidative stress and MtROS levels, triggered hepatic ferroptosis, and induced liver fibrosis, along with upregulation of the profibrotic molecule TGF-β1 and fibrosis marker collagen-I, in mice. Moreover, the combination of ambient PM and ethanol accelerated these adverse effects. Importantly, the combination of PM exposure and ethanol ingestion had a synergistic effect on these changes. In vitro, LX-2 cells activated with PM2.5 alone or combined with ethanol showed upregulation of TGF-β1 and collagen-I. In addition, the levels of MtROS, the oxidative stress marker 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and ferroptosis-related proteins and the GSH/GSSG ratio were significantly increased in PM2.5 plus ethanol-treated LX-2 cells. After pretreatment with a MtROS scavenger (Mito-TEMPO), we found that Mito-TEMPO treatment inhibited ferroptosis and oxidative stress in PM2.5 plus ethanol-treated LX-2 cells. Furthermore, a specific ferroptosis inhibitor (Fer-1) decreased the levels of ferroptosis-related proteins and profibrotic molecules in activated LX-2 cells co-exposed to PM2.5 and ethanol. CONCLUSION In this study, we revealed that ambient PM exposure induced profibrotic effects and that combined exposure to ambient PM and chronic ethanol ingestion exacerbated hepatic fibrosis, which may trigger ferroptosis by increasing MtROS, thereby activating hepatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Ding
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Jinjin Jiang
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Guofu Zhang
- Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Min Yu
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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Zheng L, Hou P, Jing J, Zhou M, Wang L, Wu L, Zhu J, Yi L, Mi M. Pterostilbene Attenuates High-Intensity Swimming Exercise-Induced Glucose Absorption Dysfunction Associated with the Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced IECs Pyroptosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:2036. [PMID: 37432144 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the effect of pterostilbene (PTE) on intestinal glucose absorption and its underlying mechanisms in high-intensity swimming exercise (HISE)-treated mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with PTE for 4 weeks and performed high-intensity swimming training in the last week. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were pretreated with 0.5 and 1.0 μM PTE for 24 h before being incubated in hypoxia/reoxygenation condition. Intestinal glucose absorption was detected by using an oral glucose tolerance test and d-xylose absorption assay, and the levels of factors related to mitochondrial function and pyroptosis were measured via western blot analyses, cell mito stress test, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In vivo and in vitro, the results showed that PTE attenuated HISE-induced intestinal glucose absorption dysfunction and pyroptosis in mice intestine. Moreover, PTE inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome and the mitochondrial homeostasis as well as the ROS accumulation in IEC in vitro. Additionally, knockdown of SIRT3, a major regulator of mitochondria function, by siRNA or inhibiting its activity by 3-TYP abolished the effects of PTE on pyroptosis, mitochondrial homeostasis, and ROS generation of IEC in vitro. Our results revealed that PTE could alleviate HISE-induced intestinal glucose absorption dysfunction associated with the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome-induced IECs pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zheng
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Pengfei Hou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jinjin Jing
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Le Wang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Luting Wu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jundong Zhu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Long Yi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mantian Mi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Yang J, Li J, Wang J, Wu J, Yin L, Dou H, Hou Y. Oroxylin A relieves intrauterine adhesion in mice through inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis via SIRT3-SOD2-ROS pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110023. [PMID: 36934562 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is manifested by endometrial fibrosis and inflammation, which seriously affects female reproductive health. Macrophages are mainly inflammatory cells and have been reported to participate in the fibrosis of IUA. Oroxylin A (OA), a kind of flavonoid compounds, was showed to possess the inhibitory effects on inflammation and fibrosis. However, the role of OA in IUA remains unclear. In the present study, we found that OA effectively alleviated the level of inflammation and uterine fibrosis in IUA mice. OA also decreased the macrophage pyroptosis which increased in uteri of IUA mice. Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death accompanied by an inflammatory response. Moreover, OA repressed the mediators of pyroptosis including the expression of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1 and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) and the release of IL-1β, IL-18 and cleaved-caspase-1 in J774A.1 cells induced by LPS/ATP in vitro. Mechanistically, the alleviation of OA on uterine fibrosis is achieved by inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis via SIRT3-SOD2-ROS pathway. Our data indicate that OA may serve as an effective agent for the treatment of the endometrial fibrosis with IUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jingman Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jinjin Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lijie Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Huan Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Fang DN, Zheng CW, Ma YL. Effectiveness of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi root in pregnancy-related diseases: A review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 21:17-25. [PMID: 36216728 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, also called Huangqin, is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine. In ancient China, S. baicalensis root was used to clear heat, protect the fetus, and avoid a miscarriage for thousands of years. In modern times, pregnancy-related diseases can seriously affect maternal and fetal health, but few systematic studies have explored the mechanisms and potential targets of S. baicalensis root in the treatment of pregnancy-related diseases. Flavonoids (baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A) and flavonoid glycosides (baicalin and wogonoside) are the main chemical components in the root of S. baicalensis. This study presents the current understanding of the major chemical components in the root of S. baicalensis, focusing on their traditional uses, potential therapeutic effects and ethnopharmacological relevance to pregnancy-related disorders. The mechanisms, potential targets and experimental models of S. baicalensis root for ameliorating pregnancy-related diseases, such as recurrent spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes mellitus, are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Na Fang
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chang-Wu Zheng
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ye-Ling Ma
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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20
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Zhao D, Gao Y, Su Y, Zhou Y, Yang T, Li Y, Wang Y, Sun Y, Chen L, Zhang F, Zhang Z, Wang F, Shao J, Zheng S. Oroxylin A regulates cGAS DNA hypermethylation induced by methionine metabolism to promote HSC senescence. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106590. [PMID: 36464146 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Relevant studies have recognized the important role of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) senescence in anti-liver fibrosis. Cellular senescence is believed to be regulated by the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. However, underlying exact mechanisms of cGAS-STING pathway in hepatic stellate cell senescence are still unclear. Here, we found that Oroxylin A could promote senescence in HSC by activating the cGAS-STING pathway. Moreover, activation of the cGAS-STING pathway was dependent on DNMT3A downregulation, which suppressed cGAS gene DNA methylation. Interestingly, the attenuation of DNMT activity relied on the reduction of methyl donor SAM level. Noteworthy, the downregulation of SAM levels implied the imbalance of methionine cycle metabolism, and MAT2A was considered to be an important regulatory enzyme in metabolic processes. In vivo experiments also indicated that Oroxylin A induced senescence of HSCs in mice with liver fibrosis, and DNMT3A overexpression partly offset this effect. In conclusion, we discovered that Oroxylin A prevented the methylation of the cGAS gene by preventing the production of methionine metabolites, which promoted the senescence of HSCs. This finding offers a fresh hypothesis for further research into the anti-liver fibrosis mechanism of natural medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danli Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Su
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingqian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zili Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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21
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Wei S, Feng M, Zhang S. Molecular Characteristics of Cell Pyroptosis and Its Inhibitors: A Review of Activation, Regulation, and Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416115. [PMID: 36555757 PMCID: PMC9783510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is an active and ordered form of programmed cell death. The signaling pathways of pyroptosis are mainly divided into canonical pathways mediated by caspase-1 and noncanonical pathways mediated by caspase-11. Cell pyroptosis is characterized by the activation of inflammatory caspases (mainly caspase-1, 4, 5, 11) and cleavage of various members of the Gasdermin family to form membrane perforation components, leading to cell membrane rupture, inflammatory mediators release, and cell death. Moderate pyroptosis is an innate immune response that fights against infection and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of the normal function of the immune system. However, excessive pyroptosis occurs and leads to immune disorders in many pathological conditions. Based on canonical pathways, research on pyroptosis regulation has demonstrated several pyroptotic inhibitors, including small-molecule drugs, natural products, and formulations of traditional Chinese medicines. In this paper, we review the characteristics and molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis, summarize inhibitors of pyroptosis, and propound that herbal medicines should be a focus on the research and development for pyroptosis blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shidong Zhang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-931-211-5256; Fax: +86-931-211-5191
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22
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Zhao J, Li J, Li G, Chen M. The role of mitochondria-associated membranes mediated ROS on NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1059576. [PMID: 36588561 PMCID: PMC9794868 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1059576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism is essential for the homeostasis of cells. Appropriate production of ROS is an important signaling molecule, but excessive ROS production can damage cells. ROS and ROS-associated proteins can act as damage associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) to activate the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have shown that there are connected sites, termed mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. In cardiovascular disease progression, MAMs play multiple roles, the most important of which is the ability to mediate ROS generation, which further activates the NLPR3 inflammasome, exacerbating the progression of disease. In this review, the following topics will be covered: 1. Molecular structures on MAMs that can mediate ROS generation; 2. Specific mechanisms of molecule-mediated ROS generation and the molecules' roles in cardiovascular disease, 3. The effects of MAMs-mediated ROS on the NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this review is to provide a basis for subsequent clinical treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Zhao
- Laboratory of Heart Valve Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junli Li
- Laboratory of Heart Valve Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoyong Li
- Laboratory of Heart Valve Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mao Chen
- Laboratory of Heart Valve Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Mao Chen
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Liu Y, Guo ZW, Li J, Li AH, Huo TG. Insight into the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by mitochondria in liver injury and the protective role of natural products. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Ramaiah P, Patra I, Abbas A, Fadhil AA, Abohassan M, Al-Qaim ZH, Hameed NM, Al-Gazally ME, Kemil Almotlaq SS, Mustafa YF, Shiravand Y. Mitofusin-2 in cancer: Friend or foe? Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 730:109395. [PMID: 36176224 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a category of disorders characterized by excessive cell proliferation with the ability to infiltrate or disseminate to other organs of the body. Mitochondrial dysfunction, as one of the most prominent hallmarks of cancer cells, has been related to the onset and development of various cancers. Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) is a major mediator of mitochondrial fusion, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria interaction, mitophagy and axonal transport of mitochondria. Available data have shown that MFN2, which its alterations have been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, could affect cancer initiation and progression. In fact, it showed that MFN2 may have a double-edged sword effect on cancer fate. Precisely, it demonstrated that MFN2, as a tumor suppressor, induces cancer cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation via Ca2+ and Bax-mediated apoptosis and increases P21 and p27 levels, respectively. It also could suppress cell survival via inhibiting PI3K/Akt, Ras-ERK1/2-cyclin D1 and mTORC2/Akt signaling pathways. On the other hand, MFN2, as an oncogene, could increase cancer invasion via snail-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and in vivo tumorigenesis. While remarkable progress has been achieved in recent decades, further exploration is required to elucidate whether MFN2 could be a friend or it's an enemy. This study aimed to highlight the different functions of MFN2 in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anum Abbas
- Basic Health Unit, Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Abdulhussain Fadhil
- College of Medical Technology, Medical Lab Techniques, Al-farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Abohassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 9088, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul-41001, Iraq
| | - Yavar Shiravand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138, Naples, Italy.
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25
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Chen TS, Lai YA, Lai YJ, Chien CT. Adipose stem cells preincubated with theanine exert liver regeneration through increase of stem cell paracrine VEGF and suppression of ROS, pyroptosis as well as autophagy markers in liver damage induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine. Life Sci 2022; 308:120969. [PMID: 36116531 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Liver diseases induce a severe decrease in quality of life. Stem cell based therapy shows therapeutic potential in the treatment of liver injury. Theanine is a unique amino acid found in green tea and could confer beneficial effects on cell protection. This study investigates if protective effect on the liver by stem cells preincubated with theanine is better than that from stem cells without preincubated theanine. METHODS We transplanted theanine preincubated adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) to male Wistar rats with liver dysfunction induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine. The viability, migration and antioxidant capabilities were performed in the ADSC pre-incubated with theanine. Hepatic functional, structural and molecular assays were determined in the animals with or without theanine preincubated ADSC. KEY FINDINGS Cell model revealed that ADSC preincubated with green tea theanine (T-ADSC) increased cell capabilities including viability, migration and paracrine secretion. In vivo results indicated that several pathological conditions were observed in rats with liver injury induced by DEN including structural changes and expression of pyroptosis as well as autophagy markers. The above pathological conditions were improved when the rats received both ADSC and T-ADSC treatment. Furthermore, T-ADSC showed better therapeutic effect on rats with liver injury than ADSC due to significant suppression of pyroptosis markers caspase-1 and IL-1β as well as autophagy marker LC3-II accompanied with intensive paracrine VEGF from T-ADSC. SIGNIFICANCE Increased paracrine VEGF secretion from T-ADSC plays a crucial role in liver regeneration. A future clinical study may be designed for further verification of these experimental in vivo findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Sheng Chen
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industries, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Lai
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ju Lai
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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26
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Bizzoca ME, Leuci S, Mignogna MD, Muzio EL, Caponio VCA, Muzio LL. Natural compounds may contribute in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection: a narrative review. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022; 11:1134-1142. [PMID: 38621001 PMCID: PMC9160299 DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus pandemic infection is the most important health issue worldwide. Coronavirus disease 2019 is a contagious disease characterized by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. To date, excluding the possibility of vaccination, against SARS-CoV-2 infection it is possible to act only with supportive care and non-virus-specific treatments in order to improve the patient's symptoms. Pharmaceutical industry is investigating effects of medicinal plants, phytochemical extracts and aromatic herbs to find out natural substances which may act as antiviral drugs. Several studies have revealed how these substances may interfere with the viral life cycle, viral entry, replication, assembly or discharge, as well as virus-specific host targets or stimulating the host immune system, reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory response. A natural compound can be used as a prophylaxis by people professionally exposed to the risk of contagion and/or positive patients not in intensive care. The aim of this paper is to perform a narrative review of current literature in order to summarize the most studied natural compounds and their modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eleonora Bizzoca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Stefania Leuci
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Michele Davide Mignogna
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lo Muzio
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
- C.I.N.B.O. (Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Bio-Oncologia), Chieti 66100, Italy
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27
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Sajeev A, Hegde M, Girisa S, Devanarayanan TN, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sil SK, Sethi G, Chen JT, Kunnumakkara AB. Oroxylin A: A Promising Flavonoid for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091185. [PMID: 36139025 PMCID: PMC9496116 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been magnificent advancements in the understanding of molecular mechanisms of chronic diseases over the past several years, but these diseases continue to be a considerable cause of death worldwide. Most of the approved medications available for the prevention and treatment of these diseases target only a single gene/protein/pathway and are known to cause severe side effects and are less effective than they are anticipated. Consequently, the development of finer therapeutics that outshine the existing ones is far-reaching. Natural compounds have enormous applications in curbing several disastrous and fatal diseases. Oroxylin A (OA) is a flavonoid obtained from the plants Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis, and S. lateriflora, which have distinctive pharmacological properties. OA modulates the important signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, ERK1/2, Wnt/β-catenin, PTEN/PI3K/Akt, and signaling molecules, such as TNF-α, TGF-ꞵ, MMPs, VEGF, interleukins, Bcl-2, caspases, HIF-1α, EMT proteins, Nrf-2, etc., which play a pivotal role in the molecular mechanism of chronic diseases. Overwhelming pieces of evidence expound on the anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-cancer potentials of this flavonoid, which makes it an engrossing compound for research. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies also displayed the promising potential of OA against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, neurological disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, etc. Therefore, the current review focuses on delineating the role of OA in combating different chronic diseases and highlighting the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Thulasidharan Nair Devanarayanan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Center, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Samir Kumar Sil
- Cell Physiology and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799022, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-T.C.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Correspondence: (J.-T.C.); (A.B.K.)
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Yao M, Qin S, Xiong J, Xin W, Guan X, Gong S, Chen J, Liu Y, Zhang B, Zhao J, Huang Y. Oroxylin A ameliorates AKI-to-CKD transition through maintaining PPARα-BNIP3 signaling-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:935937. [PMID: 36081929 PMCID: PMC9445212 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.935937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in approximately 7–18% of all hospitalizations, but there are currently no effective drug therapy for preventing AKI or delaying its progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent studies have shown that Scutellaria baicalensis, a traditional Chinese herb, could attenuate cisplatin-induced AKI, although the mechanism remains elusive. Further, it is unknown whether its major active component, Oroxylin A (OA), can alleviate kidney injury.Methods: The therapeutic effect of OA was evaluated by using ischemia-reperfusion (IR) and cisplatin mediated-AKI mice and HK-2 cells under hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) conditions. HE staining, transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, qPCR, Western blot, PPARα inhibitor, BNIP3 siRNA and ChIP assay were used to explore the role and mechanism of OA in AKI.Results: OA ameliorated tubular damage and dramatically decreased serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN), and the expressions of renal injury markers (Kim-1, Ngal) in AKI mice induced by both IR injury and cisplatin, as well as attenuating AKI-to-CKD transition. In vitro experiments showed that OA alleviated HR-induced mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance in renal tubular epithelial cells. Mechanistically, OA dose-dependently induced the expression of Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein (BNIP3), while knockdown of BNIP3 expression reversed the protection of OA against HR-mediated mitochondrial injury. Network pharmacological analysis and experimental validation suggested that OA enhanced BNIP3 expression via upregulating the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα), which induced the transcription of BNIP3 via directly binding to its promoter region. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that the renoprotective effect of OA was dramatically reduced by GW6471, a PPARα antagonist.Conclusion: Our findings revealed that OA ameliorates AKI-to-CKD transition by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis through inducing PPARα-BNIP3 signaling pathway, indicating that OA may serve as a candidate therapeutic strategy for alleviating AKI and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Yao
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shaozong Qin
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiachuan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wang Xin
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Guan
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuiqin Gong
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jinghong Zhao, ; Yinghui Huang,
| | - Yinghui Huang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Jiang W, He F, Ding G, Wu J. Topotecan Reduces Neuron Death after Spinal Cord Injury by Suppressing Caspase-1-Dependent Pyroptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6033-6048. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Quercetin Protects Ethanol-Induced Hepatocyte Pyroptosis via Scavenging Mitochondrial ROS and Promoting PGC-1α-Regulated Mitochondrial Homeostasis in L02 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4591134. [PMID: 35879991 PMCID: PMC9308520 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4591134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a multifaceted process that involves excessive lipid, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, unbalanced mitochondrial homeostasis, and ultimate cell death. Quercetin is a dietary phytochemical presented in various fruits and vegetables, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. According to recent advances in pharmanutritional management, the effects of quercetin on various mitochondrial processes have attracted attention. In the study, we explored whether quercetin could attenuate ethanol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and studied its hepatoprotective effect and the underlying mechanism. We chose L02 cells to establish an in vitro model with ethanol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis. Then, the cells at approximately 80% confluence were treated with quercetin (80, 40, and 20 μM). The cell viability (CCK-8) was used to investigate the effect of quercetin on ethanol-induced L02 cell proliferation. Relative assay kits were used to measure oxidative stress index (OSI = TOS/TAS), lipid peroxidation (LPO) release, and mitochondrial membrane potential (δΨm). The morphology of mitochondria was characterized by transmission electron microscopy- (TEM-) based analysis. Mitochondrial dynamics (Mito Tracker Green), mitROS (MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide) production, and nuclear DNA (nDNA) damage (γH2AX) markers were detected by immunofluorescence. The mRNA levels of mitochondrial function (including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcription genes TWNK, MTCO1, and MFND) and pyroptosis-related genes were detected by RT-qPCR, and the protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase1, cleaved-caspase1, IL-18, IL-1β, and GSDMD-N were detected by western blot. The results showed that quercetin treatment downregulated redox status, lipid droplets, and LPO release, restored damaged mitochondrial membrane potential, and repaired mtDNA damage, PGC-1α nuclear transfer, and mitochondrial dynamics. The gene and protein expressions of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase1, IL-18, IL-1β, and GSDMD-N were decreased, which effectively inhibited cell pyroptosis. Therefore, the results indicated that quercetin protected ethanol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis via scavenging mitROS and promoting PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in L02 cells.
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Gao L, Jiang Z, Han Y, Li Y, Yang X. Regulation of Pyroptosis by ncRNA: A Novel Research Direction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:840576. [PMID: 35419365 PMCID: PMC8995973 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.840576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death (PCD), which is characterized by DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation, cell swelling and leakage of cell contents. The process of pyroptosis is performed by certain inflammasome and executor gasdermin family member. Previous researches have manifested that pyroptosis is closely related to human diseases (such as inflammatory diseases) and malignant tumors, while the regulation mechanism of pyroptosis is not yet clear. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) such as microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been widely identified in the genome of eukaryotes and played a paramount role in the development of cell function and fate after transcription. Accumulating evidences support the importance of ncRNA biology in the hallmarks of pyroptosis. However, the associations between ncRNA and pyroptosis are rarely reviewed. In this review, we are trying to summarize the regulation and function of ncRNA in cell pyroptosis, which provides a new research direction and ideas for the study of pyroptosis in different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Gao
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhitao Jiang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Han
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
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Hu L, Guo Y, Song L, Wen H, Sun N, Wang Y, Qi B, Liang Q, Geng J, Liu X, Fu F, Li Y. Nicotinamide riboside promotes Mfn2-mediated mitochondrial fusion in diabetic hearts through the SIRT1-PGC1α-PPARα pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 183:75-88. [PMID: 35318101 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial dysfunction is associated with an imbalance in mitochondrial fusion/fission dynamics in patients with diabetes. However, effective strategies to regulate mitochondrial dynamics in the diabetic heart are still lacking. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) supplementation ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in both cardiovascular and aging-related diseases. This study investigated whether NR protects against diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction by regulating mitochondrial fusion/fission and further explored the underlying mechanisms. Here, we showed an evident decrease in NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) levels and mitochondrial fragmentation in the hearts of leptin receptor-deficient diabetic (db/db) mouse models. NR supplementation significantly increased NAD+ content in the diabetic hearts and promoted mitochondrial fusion by elevating Mfn2 level. Furthermore, NR-induced mitochondrial fusion suppressed mitochondrial H2O2 and O2•- production and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in both db/db mice hearts and neonatal primary cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assay analyses revealed that PGC1α and PPARα interdependently regulated Mfn2 transcription by binding to its promoter region. NR treatment elevated NAD+ levels and activated SIRT1, resulting in the deacetylation of PGC1α and promoting the transcription of Mfn2. These findings suggested the promotion of mitochondrial fusion via oral supplementation of NR as a potential strategy for delaying cardiac complications in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Yanjie Guo
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liqiang Song
- Department of Respirology, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - He Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Bingchao Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Jing Geng
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Xuteng Liu
- First Cadet Regiment, School of Basic Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
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Zhou Y, Wu R, Wang X, Jiang Y, Xu W, Shao Y, Yue C, Shi W, Jin H, Ge T, Bao X, Lu C. Activation of UQCRC2-dependent mitophagy by tetramethylpyrazine inhibits MLKL-mediated hepatocyte necroptosis in alcoholic liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:301-316. [PMID: 34774698 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte necroptosis is a core pathogenetic event during alcoholic liver disease. This study was aimed to explore the potential of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an active hepatoprotective ingredient extracted from Ligusticum Wallichii Franch, in limiting alcohol-triggered hepatocyte necroptosis and further specify the molecular mechanism. Results revealed that TMP reduced activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)/RIPK3 necrosome in ethanol-exposed hepatocytes and phosphorylation of mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), which thereby diminished necroptosis and leakage of damage-associated molecular patterns. Suppression on mitochondrial translocation of p-MLKL by TMP contributed to recovery of mitochondrial function in ethanol-damaged hepatocytes. TMP also disrupted necroptotic signal loop by interrupting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent positive feedback between p-MLKL and RIPK1/RIPK3 necrosome. Further, TMP promoted clearance of impaired mitochondria in ethanol-incubated hepatocytes via restoring PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy. Ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 2 (UQCRC2) was downregulated in ethanol-exposed hepatocytes, which was restored after TMP treatment. In vitro UQCRC2 knockdown lowered the capacities of TMP in reducing mitochondrial ROS accumulation, relieving mitochondria damage, and enhancing PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy in ethanol-exposed hepatocytes. Analogously, systematic UQCRC2 knockdown interrupted the actions of TMP to trigger autophagic signal, repress necroptotic signal, and protect against alcoholic liver injury, inflammation, and ROS overproduction. In conclusion, this work concluded that TMP rescued UQCRC2 expression in ethanol-challenged hepatocytes, which contributed to necroptosis inhibition by facilitating PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy. These findings uncovered a potential molecular pharmacological mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective action of TMP and suggested TMP as a promising therapeutic candidate for alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Ruoman Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Yunyun Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Chunxiao Yue
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Wenqian Shi
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Huanhuan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Ting Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Xiaofeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
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Wang L, Wang X, Kong L, Li Y, Huang K, Wu J, Wang C, Sun H, Sun P, Gu J, Luo H, Liu K, Meng Q. Activation of PGC-1α via isoliquiritigenin-induced downregulation of miR-138-5p alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Phytother Res 2022; 36:899-913. [PMID: 35041255 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a metabolic disease, has received wide attention worldwide. However, there is no approved effective drug for NAFLD treatment. In the study, H&E and Oil Red O staining were employed to detect liver histopathological changes and the accumulation of lipid droplets. Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, bioinformatics, luciferase assay, immunofluorescence staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and siRNA were used to further elucidate the mechanism of isoliquiritigenin (ISL) against NAFLD. The results showed that ISL significantly reduced the liver-to-body weight ratios and biochemical index. And the staining results showed that ISL remarkedly ameliorated liver histopathological changes of NAFLD. Furthermore, ISL significantly increased the levels of PPARα, CPT1α, and ACADS, which were involved in lipid metabolism, and inhibited the ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression by activating PGC-1α. Bioinformatics and luciferase assay analysis confirmed that miR-138-5p might bind to PGC-1α mRNA in NAFLD. Importantly, the expression of miR-138-5p was increased in the NAFLD, which was significantly decreased by ISL. In addition, the miR-138-5p inhibitor also promoted lipid metabolism and inhibited inflammatory response in NAFLD via PGC-1α activation. The above results demonstrate that ISL alleviates NAFLD through modulating miR-138-5p/PGC-1α-mediated lipid metabolism and inflammatory reaction in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lina Kong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiangning Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Haifeng Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Maurice NM, Bedi B, Yuan Z, Lin KC, Goldberg JB, Hart CM, Bailey KL, Sadikot RT. The Effect of PGC-1alpha-SIRT3 Pathway Activation on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11020116. [PMID: 35215060 PMCID: PMC8875424 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response to P. aeruginosa pulmonary infections relies on a network of pattern recognition receptors, including intracellular inflammasome complexes, which can recognize both pathogen- and host-derived signals and subsequently promote downstream inflammatory signaling. Current evidence suggests that the inflammasome does not contribute to bacterial clearance and, in fact, that dysregulated inflammasome activation is harmful in acute and chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection. Given the role of mitochondrial damage signals in recruiting inflammasome signaling, we investigated whether mitochondrial-targeted therapies could attenuate inflammasome signaling in response to P. aeruginosa and decrease pathogenicity of infection. In particular, we investigated the small molecule, ZLN005, which transcriptionally activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant defense, and cellular respiration. We demonstrate that P. aeruginosa infection promotes the expression of inflammasome components and attenuates several components of mitochondrial repair pathways in vitro in lung epithelial cells and in vivo in an acute pneumonia model. ZLN005 activates PGC-1α and its downstream effector, Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial-localized deacetylase important for cellular metabolic processes and for reactive oxygen species homeostasis. ZLN005 also attenuates inflammasome signaling induced by P. aeruginosa in bronchial epithelial cells and this action is dependent on ZLN005 activation of SIRT3. ZLN005 treatment reduces epithelial-barrier dysfunction caused by P. aeruginosa and decreases pathogenicity in an in vivo pneumonia model. Therapies that activate the PGC-1α—SIRT3 axis may provide a complementary approach in the treatment of P. aeruginosa infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Maurice
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (N.M.M.); (B.B.); (K.-C.L.); (C.M.H.)
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Brahmchetna Bedi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (N.M.M.); (B.B.); (K.-C.L.); (C.M.H.)
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Zhihong Yuan
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (Z.Y.); (K.L.B.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kuo-Chuan Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (N.M.M.); (B.B.); (K.-C.L.); (C.M.H.)
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Joanna B. Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Allergy/Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - C. Michael Hart
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (N.M.M.); (B.B.); (K.-C.L.); (C.M.H.)
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Kristina L. Bailey
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (Z.Y.); (K.L.B.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ruxana T. Sadikot
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (Z.Y.); (K.L.B.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence:
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GPA Peptide Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Pyroptosis of Alveolar Macrophage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:5589472. [PMID: 34992715 PMCID: PMC8727129 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5589472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) has been known to be a devastating form of respiratory infection and an important contributor to mortality in intensive care, due to its lacking of effective treatment. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and pyroptosis are associated with multiple kinds of inflammatory diseases such as ALI. It is commonly accepted that Gly-Pro-Ala (GPA) peptide regulates oxidative stress and pyroptosis in different kinds of inflammatory diseases. Our study is aimed at exploring the regulatory function and protective effects of GPA peptides on ALI. In the current study, the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) technique was used to evoke sepsis in mice, and GPA peptide was administered intraperitoneally with different concentrations (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) after CLP. Histopathological changes and the ratio of wet-to-dry in lung were recorded and analyzed. We also investigated the level of oxidative stress, inflammation, and pyroptosis. Results showed that GPA peptide significantly ameliorated CLP-stimulated lung tissue injury, impeded proinflammatory cytokine release, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. Additionally, GPA peptide suppressed oxidative stress and caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis in alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, our study showed that the GPA peptide prevents alveolar macrophage from undergoing pyroptosis by attenuating ROS. In conclusion, results demonstrated that GPA peptide has protective effects in CLP-stimulated ALI by inhibiting oxidative stress as well as pyroptosis of alveolar macrophage.
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Wei Z, Jing Z, Pinfang K, Chao S, Shaohuan Q. Quercetin Inhibits Pyroptosis in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy through the Nrf2 Pathway. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:9723632. [PMID: 36624860 PMCID: PMC9825227 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9723632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated whether quercetin promotes the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to inhibit pyroptosis progression and ameliorate diabetic cardiomyopathy. We evaluated the protective effects of quercetin against diabetic cardiomyopathy by analyzing the expression of pyroptosis pathway proteins, myocardial cell apoptosis rate, degree of myocardial fibrosis, and serum inflammatory indices in the hearts of model rats with diabetes. We evaluated the expression of Nrf2 in the nucleus of cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cells to clarify the role of quercetin in promoting the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. In addition, we coincubated cardiomyocytes with the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 to confirm that quercetin inhibits the diabetes-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis via the Nrf2 pathway. We found that quercetin promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in cardiac cells of diabetic rats, increased the expression of the antioxidant proteins HO-1, GCLC, and SOD, reduced the accumulation of ROS and the degree of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and alleviated diabetes-induced cardiac fibrosis. The therapeutic effects of quercetin were further validated in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, ML385 prevented the beneficial effects of quercetin on diabetic cardiomyopathy, further indicating that the quercetin-mediated inhibition of pyroptosis requires the participation of the Nrf2 pathway. In conclusion, quercetin promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, increased the expression of antioxidant factors in cells, and inhibited the progression of cell pyroptosis, thereby alleviating diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu City, Anhui, China 233000
| | - Zhou Jing
- Department of Physiology of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu City, Anhui, China 233000
| | - Kang Pinfang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu City, Anhui, China 233000
- Department of Physiology of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu City, Anhui, China 233000
| | - Shi Chao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu City, Anhui, China 233000
| | - Qian Shaohuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu City, Anhui, China 233000
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Yao J, Wang J, Xu Y, Guo Q, Sun Y, Liu J, Li S, Guo Y, Wei L. CDK9 inhibition blocks the initiation of PINK1-PRKN-mediated mitophagy by regulating the SIRT1-FOXO3-BNIP3 axis and enhances the therapeutic effects involving mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocellular carcinoma. Autophagy 2021; 18:1879-1897. [PMID: 34890308 PMCID: PMC9450969 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.2007027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a type of selective macroautophagy/autophagy that degrades dysfunctional or excessive mitochondria. Regulation of this process is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and has been closely implicated in acquired drug resistance. However, the regulatory mechanisms and influences of mitophagy in cancer are still unclear. Here, we reported that inhibition of CDK9 blocked PINK1-PRKN-mediated mitophagy in HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) by interrupting mitophagy initiation. We demonstrated that CDK9 inhibitors promoted dephosphorylation of SIRT1 and promoted FOXO3 protein degradation, which was regulated by its acetylation, leading to the transcriptional repression of FOXO3-driven BNIP3 and impairing the BNIP3-mediated stability of the PINK1 protein. Lysosomal degradation inhibitors could not rescue mitophagy flux blocked by CDK9 inhibitors. Thus, CDK9 inhibitors inactivated the SIRT1-FOXO3-BNIP3 axis and PINK1-PRKN pathway to subsequently block mitophagy initiation. Moreover, CDK9 inhibitors facilitated mitochondrial dysfunction. The dual effects of CDK9 inhibitors resulted in the destruction of mitochondrial homeostasis and cell death in HCC. Importantly, a novel CDK9 inhibitor, oroxylin A (OA), from Scutellaria baicalensis was investigated, and it showed strong therapeutic potential against HCC and a striking capacity to overcome drug resistance by downregulating PINK1-PRKN-mediated mitophagy. Additionally, because of the moderate and controlled inhibition of CDK9, OA not led to extreme repression of general transcription and appeared to overcome the inconsistent anti-HCC efficacy and high normal tissue toxicity that was associated with existing CDK9 inhibitors. All of the findings reveal that mitophagy disruption is a promising strategy for HCC treatment and OA is a potential candidate for the development of mitophagy inhibitors.Abbreviations: BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; CCCP: carbonyl cyanide p-trichloromethoxy-phenylhydrazone; CDK9: cyclin dependent kinase 9; CHX: cycloheximide; CQ, chloroquine; DFP: deferiprone; DOX: doxorubicin; EBSS: Earle's balanced salt solution; E64d: aloxistatin; FOXO3: forkhead box O3; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; HepG2/ADR: adriamycin-resistant HepG2 cells; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; mito-Keima: mitochondria-targeted and pH-sensitive fluorescent protein; MitoSOX: mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; OA: oroxylin A; PB: phosphate buffer; PDX: patient-derived tumor xenograft; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; POLR2A: RNA polymerase II subunit A; p-POLR2A-S2: Ser2 phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II subunit A; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; SIRT1: sirtuin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jubo Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yuening Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Sichan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Guo
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Libin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
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Sun P, Zhong J, Liao H, Loughran P, Mulla J, Fu G, Tang D, Fan J, Billiar TR, Gao W, Scott MJ. Hepatocytes Are Resistant to Cell Death From Canonical and Non-Canonical Inflammasome-Activated Pyroptosis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:739-757. [PMID: 34890842 PMCID: PMC8783146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyroptosis, gasdermin-mediated programmed cell death, is readily induced in macrophages by activation of the canonical inflammasome (caspase-1) or by intracellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated non-canonical inflammasome (caspase-11) activation. However, whether pyroptosis is induced similarly in hepatocytes is still largely controversial but highly relevant to liver pathologies such as alcoholic/nonalcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, ischemia-reperfusion and liver transplant injury, or organ damage secondary to sepsis. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study we found that hepatocytes activate and cleave gasdermin-D (GSDMD) at low levels after treatment with LPS. Overexpression of caspase-1 or caspase-11 p10/p20 activated domains was able to induce typical GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis in hepatocytes both in vitro and in vivo. However, morphologic features of pyroptosis in macrophages (eg, pyroptotic bodies, cell flattening, loss of cell structure) did not occur in pyroptotic hepatocytes, with cell structure remaining relatively intact despite the cell membrane being breached. Our results suggest that hepatocytes activate pyroptosis pathways and cleave GSDMD, but this does not result in cell rupture and confer the same pyroptotic morphologic changes as previously reported in macrophages. This is true even with caspase-1 or caspase-11 artificial overexpression way above levels seen endogenously even after priming or in pathologic conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our novel findings characterize hepatocyte morphology in pyroptosis and suggest alternative use for canonical/non-canonical inflammasome activation/signaling and subsequent GSDMD cleavage because there is no rapid cell death as in macrophages. Improved understanding and recognition of the role of these pathways in hepatocytes may result in novel therapeutics for a range of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patricia Loughran
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joud Mulla
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Guang Fu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Da Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy R. Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wentao Gao
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Melanie J. Scott
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Melanie J. Scott, MD, PhD, Department of Surgery Labs, University of Pittsburgh, NW653 MUH, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213. fax: (412) 647-5959.
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Haga S, Kanno A, Morita N, Jin S, Matoba K, Ozawa T, Ozaki M. Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) is Critically Involved in Liver Ischemia/reperfusion-injury. J Surg Res 2021; 270:124-138. [PMID: 34656890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a DNA-repairing enzyme activated by extreme genomic stress, and therefore is potently activated in the remnant liver suffering from ischemia after surgical resection. However, the impact of PARP on post-ischemic liver injury has not been elucidated yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the impact of PARP on murine hepatocyte/liver injury induced by hypoxia/ischemia, respectively. RESULTS PJ34, a specific inhibitor of PARP, markedly protected against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cell death, though z-VAD-fmk, a pan-caspase inhibitor similarly showed the protective effect. PJ34 did not affect H/R-induced caspase activity or caspase-mediated cell death. z-VAD-fmk also did not affect the production of PAR (i.e., PARP activity). Therefore, PARP- and caspase-mediated cell death occurred in a mechanism independent of each other in H/R. H/R immediately induced activation of PARP and cell death afterwards, both of which were suppressed by PJ34 or Trolox, an antioxidant. This suggests that H/R-induced cell death occurred redox-dependently through PARP activation. H/R and OS induced nuclear translocation of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF, a marker of parthanatos) and RIP1-RIP3 interaction (a marker of necroptosis), both of which were suppressed by PJ34. H/R induced PARP-mediated parthanatos and necroptosis redox-dependently. In mouse experiments, PJ34 significantly reduced serum levels of AST, ALT & LDH and areas of hepatic necrosis after liver ischemia/reperfusion, similar to z-VAD-fmk or Trolox. CONCLUSION PARP, activated by ischemic damage and/or oxidative stress, may play a critical role in post-ischemic liver injury by inducing programmed necrosis (parthanatos and necroptosis). PARP inhibition may be one of the promising strategies against post-ischemic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Haga
- Department of Biological Response and Regulation, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akira Kanno
- Department of Environmental Applied Chemistry, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Naoki Morita
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shigeki Jin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kotaro Matoba
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takeaki Ozawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michitaka Ozaki
- Department of Biological Response and Regulation, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Bio-Imaging, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Xu P, Tao C, Zhu Y, Wang G, Kong L, Li W, Li R, Li J, Zhang C, Wang L, Liu X, Sun W, Hu W. TAK1 mediates neuronal pyroptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:188. [PMID: 34461942 PMCID: PMC8406585 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate immunity can facilitate early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Numerous studies suggest that pyroptosis could exacerbate extracellular immune responses by promoting secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a quintessential kinase that positively regulates inflammation through NF-κB and MAPK signaling cascades. However, the effects of TAK1 on neuroinflammation in EBI following SAH are largely unknown. METHODS Two hundred and forty-six male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to the endovascular perforation model of SAH. A selective TAK1 inhibitor, 5Z-7-oxozeaenol (OZ) was administered by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection at 30 min after SAH induction. To genetic knockdown of TAK1, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was i.c.v injected at 48 h before SAH induction. SAH grade, brain water content, BBB permeability, neurological score, western blot, real-time PCR, ELISA, transmission electron microscope, and immunofluorescence staining were performed. Long-term behavioral sequelae were evaluated by the rotarod and Morris water maze tests. Furthermore, OZ was added to the culture medium with oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) to mimic SAH in vitro. The reactive oxygen species level was detected by DCFH-DA staining. Lysosomal integrity was assessed by Lyso-Tracker Red staining and Acridine Orange staining. RESULTS The neuronal phosphorylated TAK1 expression was upregulated following SAH. Pharmacologic inhibition of TAK1 with OZ could alleviate neurological deficits, brain edema, and brain-blood barrier (BBB) disruption at 24 h after SAH. In addition, OZ administration restored long-term neurobehavioral function. Furthermore, blockade of TAK1 dampened neuronal pyroptosis by downregulating the N-terminal fragment of GSDMD (GSDMD-N) expression and IL-1β/IL-18 production. Mechanistically, both in vivo and in vitro, we demonstrated that TAK1 can induce neuronal pyroptosis through promoting nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and activating nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. TAK1 siRNA treatment mitigated SAH-induced neurobehavioral deficits and restrained phosphorylated NF-κB p65 expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. TAK1 blockade also ameliorated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and prevented lysosomal cathepsin B releasing into the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that TAK1 modulates NLRP3-mediated neuronal pyroptosis in EBI following SAH. Inhibition of TAK1 may serve as a potential candidate to relieve neuroinflammatory responses triggered by SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Chunrong Tao
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yuyou Zhu
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Lingqi Kong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Li
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Juanji Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Li Wang
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Sun
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Wei Hu
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
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Middleton P, Vergis N. Mitochondrial dysfunction and liver disease: role, relevance, and potential for therapeutic modulation. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2021; 14:17562848211031394. [PMID: 34377148 PMCID: PMC8320552 DOI: 10.1177/17562848211031394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key organelles involved in energy production as well as numerous metabolic processes. There is a growing interest in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of common chronic diseases as well as in cancer development. This review will examine the role mitochondria play in the pathophysiology of common liver diseases, including alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mitochondrial dysfunction is described widely in the literature in studies examining patient tissue and in disease models. Despite significant differences in pathophysiology between chronic liver diseases, common mitochondrial defects are described, including increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and impaired oxidative phosphorylation. We review the current literature on mitochondrial-targeted therapies, which have the potential to open new therapeutic avenues in the management of patients with chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikhil Vergis
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
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43
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Structure and Function of Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes (MAMs) and Their Role in Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4578809. [PMID: 34336092 PMCID: PMC8289621 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4578809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal function of suborganelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum often leads to abnormal function of cardiomyocytes or vascular endothelial cells and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) is involved in several important cellular functions. Increasing evidence shows that MAM is involved in the pathogenesis of CVD. MAM mediates multiple cellular processes, including calcium homeostasis regulation, lipid metabolism, unfolded protein response, ROS, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation, which are key risk factors for CVD. In this review, we discuss the structure of MAM and MAM-associated proteins, their role in CVD progression, and the potential use of MAM as the therapeutic targets for CVD treatment.
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Wang Y, Guan X, Gao CL, Ruan W, Zhao S, Kai G, Li F, Pang T. Medioresinol as a novel PGC-1α activator prevents pyroptosis of endothelial cells in ischemic stroke through PPARα-GOT1 axis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105640. [PMID: 33915296 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), as the important structure of blood-brain barrier (BBB), play a vital role in ischemic stroke. Pyroptosis of different cells in the brain may aggravate cerebral ischemic injury, and PGC-1α plays a major role in pyroptosis. However, it is not known whether BMVECs undergo pyroptosis after ischemic stroke and whether PGC-1α activator Medioresinol (MDN) we discovered may be useful against pyroptosis of endothelial cells and ischemic brain injury. METHODS For in vitro experiments, the bEnd.3 cells and BMVECs under oxygen and glucose-deprivation (OGD) were treated with or without MDN, and the LDH release, tight junction protein degradation, GSDMD-NT membrane location and pyroptosis-associated proteins were evaluated. For in vivo experiments, mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) for ischemia model, and the neuroprotective effects of MDN were measured by infarct volume, the permeability of BBB and pyroptosis of BMVECs. For mechanistic study, effects of MDN on the accumulation of phenylalanine, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) were tested by untargeted metabolomics and MitoSOX Red probe, respectively. RESULTS BMVECs underwent pyroptosis after ischemia. MDN dose-dependently activated PGC-1α, significantly reduced pyroptosis, mtROS and the expressions of pyroptosis-associated proteins (NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β, GSDMD-NT), and increased ZO-1 and Occludin protein expressions in BMVECs. In tMCAO mice, MDN remarkably reduced brain infarct volume and the permeability of BBB, inhibited pyroptosis of BMVECs, and promoted long-term neurobehavioral functional recovery. Mechanistically, MDN promoted the interaction of PGC-1α with PPARα to increase PPARα nuclear translocation and transcription activity, further increased the expression of GOT1 and PAH, resulting in enhanced phenylalanine metabolism to reduce the ischemia-caused phenylalanine accumulation and mtROS and further ameliorate pyroptosis of BMVECs. CONCLUSION In this study, we for the first time discovered that pyroptosis of BMVECs was involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and MDN as a novel PGC-1α activator could ameliorate the pyroptosis of endothelial cells and ischemic brain injury, which might attribute to reduction of mtROS through PPARα/GOT1 axis in BMVECs. Taken together, targeting endothelial pyroptosis by MDN may provide alternative therapeutics for brain ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Xin Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Cheng-Long Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Wenchen Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Shunyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Tao Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Chu J, Yan R, Wang S, Li G, Kang X, Hu Y, Lin M, Shan W, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Sun R, Yao J, Zhang N. Sinapic Acid Reduces Oxidative Stress and Pyroptosis via Inhibition of BRD4 in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:668708. [PMID: 34149421 PMCID: PMC8212038 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.668708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the main causes of death in chronic liver disease. Oxidative stress and pyroptosis are important factors leading to ALD. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is a factor that we have confirmed to regulate ALD. As a phenolic acid compound, sinapic acid (SA) has significant effects in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and liver protection. In this study, we explored whether SA regulates oxidative stress and pyroptosis through BRD4 to play a protective effect in ALD. Male C57BL/6 mice and AML-12 cells were used for experiments. We found that SA treatment largely abolished the up-regulation of BRD4 and key proteins of the canonical pyroptosis signalling in the liver of mice fed with alcohol, while conversely enhanced the antioxidant response. Consistantly, both SA pretreatment and BRD4 knockdown inhibited oxidative stress, pyroptosis, and liver cell damage in vitro. More importantly, the expression levels of BRD4 and pyroptosis indicators increased significantly in ALD patients. Molecule docking analysis revealed a potent binding of SA with BRD4. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that SA reduces ALD through BRD4, which is a valuable lead compound that prevents the ALD process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ran Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Sai Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guoyang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Musen Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wen Shan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhecheng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ruimin Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jihong Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Xiang L, Shao Y, Chen Y. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrion-targeted therapeutics in liver diseases. J Drug Target 2021; 29:1080-1093. [PMID: 33788656 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1909051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The liver is a vital metabolic and detoxifying organ and suffers diverse endogenous or exogenous damage. Hepatocyte mitochondria experience various structural and functional defects from liver injury, bearing oxidative stress, metabolic dysregulation, and the disturbance of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanisms. Mitochondrial malfunction initiates the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways and the release of damage signals, aggravating liver damage and disease progression via inflammation and reparative fibrogenesis. Removal of mitochondrial impairment or the improvement of MQC mechanisms restore mitochondrial homeostasis and benefit liver health. This review discusses the association of mitochondrial disorders with hepatic pathophysiological processes and the resultant potential of mitochondrion-targeting therapeutics for hepatic disorders. The recent advances in the MQC mechanisms and the mitochondrial-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in the pathology and treatment of liver disease are particularly focussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yaru Shao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Protective Effects of Oroxylin A against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via the Activation of Sirt1 in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6610543. [PMID: 33542782 PMCID: PMC7840263 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6610543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin- (DOX-) related cardiac injury impairs the life quality of patients with cancer. This largely limited the clinical use of DOX. It is of great significance to find a novel strategy to reduce DOX-related cardiac injury. Oroxylin A (OA) has been identified to exert beneficial effects against inflammatory diseases and cancers. Here, we investigated whether OA could attenuate DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity in mice. A single dose of DOX was used to induce acute cardiac injury in mice. To explore the protective effects, OA was administered to mice for ten days beginning from five days before DOX injection. The data in our study indicated that OA inhibited DOX-induced heart weight loss, reduction in cardiac function, and the elevation in myocardial injury markers. DOX injection resulted in increased oxidative damage, inflammation accumulation, and myocardial apoptosis in vivo and in vitro, and these pathological alterations were alleviated by treatment of OA. OA activated the sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) signaling pathway via the cAMP/protein kinase A, and its protective effects were blocked by Sirt1 deficiency. OA treatment did not affect the tumor-killing action of DOX in tumor-bearing mice. In conclusion, OA protected against DOX-related acute cardiac injury via the regulation of Sirt1.
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Gao L, Yang X, Li Y, Wang Z, Wang S, Tan S, Chen A, Cao P, Shao J, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Zheng S. Curcumol inhibits KLF5-dependent angiogenesis by blocking the ROS/ERK signaling in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Life Sci 2021; 264:118696. [PMID: 33157090 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Liver fibrosis is a difficult problem in the medical field. We previously reported that curcumol, a bioactive substance, may inhibit the pathological angiogenesis of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and play a good anti-hepatic fibrosis effect. However, the mechanism of curcumol inhibiting angiogenesis in LSEC needs to be further clarified. Here, we focus on how curcumol inhibits LSEC angiogenesis in liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary rat LSECs were cultured in vitro, and various molecular experiments including real-time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, tube formation assay and transwell migration assay were used to clarify the potential mechanism of curcumol. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was applied to create a mouse liver fibrosis model. Blood and livers were taken to elucidate the efficacy of curcumol in vivo. KEY FINDINGS We found that curcumol could effectively inhibit LSEC angiogenesis in vitro. Interestingly, this process may depend on curcumol's inhibition of the expression of transcription factor KLF5. Mice experiment also showed that curcumol could alleviate chronic liver injury by reducing KLF5 expression. In addition, we suggested that curcumol could reduce the production of mitochondrial ROS and improve mitochondrial morphology in LSEC. More importantly, we proved that curcumol could suppress KLF5-mediated LSEC angiogenesis by inhibiting ROS/ERK signaling. SIGNIFICANCE We suggested that transcription factor KLF5 could be considered as a new target molecule of curcumol in improving liver fibrosis, and pointed out that curcumol targeted ROS/ERK-mediated KLF5 expression could inhibit LSEC angiogenesis. This provided a new theoretical basis for curcumol to ameliorate liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenyi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of TCM Formula, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shanzhong Tan
- Department of Integrated TCM and Western Medicine, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St Louis, USA
| | - Peng Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zili Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Cui W, Wu X, Shi Y, Guo W, Luo J, Liu H, Zheng L, Du Y, Wang P, Wang Q, Feng D, Ge S, Qu Y. 20-HETE synthesis inhibition attenuates traumatic brain injury-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis via the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway: A translational study. Cell Prolif 2020; 54:e12964. [PMID: 33314534 PMCID: PMC7848954 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives 20‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20‐HETE) is a metabolite of arachidonic acid catalysed by cytochrome P450 enzymes and plays an important role in cell death and proliferation. We hypothesized that 20‐HETE synthesis inhibition may have protective effects in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and investigated possible underlying molecular mechanisms. Materials and methods Neurologic deficits, and lesion volume, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cell death as assessed using immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting were used to determine post‐TBI effects of HET0016, an inhibitor of 20‐HETE synthesis, and their underlying mechanisms. Results The level of 20‐HETE was found to be increased significantly after TBI in mice. 20‐HETE synthesis inhibition reduced neuronal apoptosis, ROS production and damage to mitochondrial structures after TBI. Mechanistically, HET0016 decreased the Drp1 level and increased the expression of Mfn1 and Mfn2 after TBI, indicating a reversal of the abnormal post‐TBI mitochondrial dynamics. HET0016 also promoted the restoration of SIRT1 and PGC‐1α in vivo, and a SIRT1 activator (SRT1720) reversed the downregulation of SIRT1 and PGC‐1α and the abnormal mitochondrial dynamics induced by 20‐HETE in vitro. Furthermore, plasma 20‐HETE levels were found to be higher in TBI patients with unfavourable neurological outcomes and were correlated with the GOS score. Conclusions The inhibition of 20‐HETE synthesis represents a novel strategy to mitigate TBI‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis by regulating the SIRT1/PGC‐1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingwu Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianing Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haixiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Longlong Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dayun Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shunnan Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Zhang X, Xiong W, Chen LL, Huang JQ, Lei XG. Selenoprotein V protects against endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative injury induced by pro-oxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:670-679. [PMID: 32846216 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Selenoprotein V (SELENOV) contains a thioredoxin-like fold and a conserved CxxU motif with a potential redox function. This study was to assess its in vivo and in vitro roles and mechanisms in coping with different oxidant insults. In Experiment (Expt.)1, SELENOV knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice (male, 8-wk old) were given an ip injection of saline, diquat (DQ, 12.5 mg/kg), or N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP, 300 mg/kg) (n = 10), and killed 5 h after the injection. In Expt. 2, primary hepatocytes of WT and KO were treated with DQ (0-0.75 mM) or APAP (0-6 mM) for 12 h. In Expt. 3, 293 T cells overexpressing Selenov gene (OE) were treated with APAP (0-4 mM) for 24 h or H2O2 (0-0.4 mM) for 12 h. Compared with the WT, the DQ- and APAP-injected KO mice had higher (P < 0.05) serum alanine aminotransferase activities and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins (BIP and CHOP), apoptosis-related proteins (FAK and caspase-9), and 3-nitrotyrosine, along with lower total anti-oxidizing-capability (T-AOC) and severer hepatic necrosis. Likewise, the DQ and APAP-treated KO hepatocytes had elevated (P < 0.05) cell death (10-40%), decreased (P < 0.05) T-AOC (63-83%), glutathione (26-87%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (28-36%), mRNA levels of redox enzymes (Cat, Gcs, Gpx3, and Sod) and (or) sharper declines (P < 0.05) in cellular respiration and ATP production than that of the WT cells. In contrast, the OE cells had greater viability and T-AOC and lower MDA, and carbonyl contents after the APAP and H2O2 exposures (all at P < 0.05) than the controls. Moreover, the OE cells had greater (P < 0.05) redox enzyme activities (GPX, TrxR, and SOD), and lower (P < 0.05) expressions of ER stress-related genes (Atf4, Atf6, Bip, Xbp1t, Xbp1s, and Chop) and proteins (BIP, CHOP, FAK, and caspase-9) than the control cells after the treatment of H2O2 (0.4 mM). In conclusion, SELENOV conferred protections in vivo and in vitro against the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species-mediated ER stress-related signaling and oxidative injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ling-Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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