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Amoah K, Cai J, Huang Y, Wang B, Shija VM, Wang Z, Jin X, Cai S, Lu Y, Jian J. Identification and characterization of four Bacillus species from the intestine of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂), their antagonistic role on common pathogenic bacteria, and effects on intestinal health. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:109795. [PMID: 39069109 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
As an alternative to the criticized antibiotics, probiotics have been adopted for their eco-friendly nature and ability to enhance host growth and immunity. Nevertheless, reports suggest ineffectiveness in commercially available probiotics since most are from non-fish sources; thus, this study was envisaged to isolate and characterize new Bacillus spp. from the gut of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂) which could serve as potential probiotics. The isolation and characterization were performed based on their morphological and biochemical properties, and 16S rRNA sequencing homology analysis. A subsequent 30-day in vivo biosafety feeding trial was conducted to ascertain isolates' non-pathogenicity, as well as their effects on fish growth, and intestinal mucosal microvilli via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Four Bacillus spp. strains, namely, B. velezensis strain PGSAK01 (accession number OQ726606), B. stercoris strain PGSAK05 (accession number OQ726607), B. velezensis strain PGSAK17 (accession number OQ726601), and B. subtilis strain PGSAK19 (accession number OQ726605), were identified and characterized in the current study. The strains showed promising probiotic properties such higher adhesion capability, higher thermotolerance, displaying higher survivability to 0.5 % bile, lower pH tolerance, γ-haemolytic activity, and multispecies characteristics. Among the 24 antibiotics tested, while all isolates showed susceptibility to 21, the PGSAK01 strain showed resistance to furazolidone antibiotics. None of the isolates showed possession of i) virulence factor genes encoding enterotoxigenic (hblA, hblC, hblD, nheA, nheB, and entFM) and emetic (cereulide synthetase gene, ces) genes, and ii) streptomycin resistance gene (vat c), ampicillin-resistant genes (mecA and bla), and vancomycin-resistant gene (van B). Nevertheless, the PGSAK01 and PGSAK17 strains showed possession of tek K, cat, and ant(4')-Ia (adenylyltransferase) (except the PGSAK01) resistant genes. All isolates displayed better antimicrobial effects against pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae, S. iniae, Vibrio harveyi, and V. alginolyticus. The in vivo biosafety trial involved hybrid grouper fish being grouped into five (average weight 32 ± 0.94 g), namely, the group fed the basal diet void of isolate's supplementation (control), and the remaining four groups fed the basal diet with 1 × 108 CFU/g diet of individual strain PGSAK01, PGSAK05, PGSAK17, and PGSAK19 supplementation. At the end of the study, a significantly higher WGR, K (except the PGSAK01 group), VSI; lysozyme (except PGSAK01 group), total antioxidant activity, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase enzyme activities; highly dense intestinal mucosal villi (based on the scanning electron microscopy analysis); and significantly lower malondialdehyde levels were witnessed in the isolated treated groups compared to the control, supporting the results obtained in the auto-aggregation and cell-surface hydrophobicity test. This work's results have provided thought-provoking targets; thus, studies involving extensive genome sequencing and functional annotation analysis will be explored to offer unfathomable insights into their mechanisms of action and potential health benefits, further establishing the four Bacillus strains' (PGSAK01, PGSAK05, PGSAK17, and PGSAK19) potential role in probiotic fields and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Amoah
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China.
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Yu Huang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Vicent Michael Shija
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Xiao Jin
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Shuanghu Cai
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China.
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Wang YJ, Zhou X, Zhang MM, Liu MH, Ding N, Wu QF, Lei CR, Dong ZY, Ren JL, Zhao JR, Jia CL, Liu J, Zhou B, Lu D. Physiological and biochemical characteristics of the carbon ion beam irradiation-generated mutant strain Clostridium butyricum FZM 240 in vitro and in vivo. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 178:110447. [PMID: 38626534 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) represents a new generation of probiotics, which is beneficial because of its good tolerance and ability to produce beneficial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids and enzymes; however, its low enzyme activity limits its probiotic efficacy. In this study, a mutant strain, C. butyricum FZM 240 was obtained using carbon ion beam irradiation, which exhibited greatly improved enzyme production and tolerance. The highest filter paper, endoglucanase, and amylase activities produced by C. butyricum FZM 240 were 125.69 U/mL, 225.82 U/ mL, and 252.28 U/mL, which were 2.58, 1.95, and 2.21-fold higher, respectively, than those of the original strain. The survival rate of the strain increased by 11.40 % and 5.60 % after incubation at 90 °C for 5 min and with simulated gastric fluid at pH 2.5 for 2 h, respectively, compared with that of the original strain. Whole-genome resequencing and quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the expression of genes related to enzyme synthesis (GE000348, GE001963 and GE003123) and tolerance (GE001114) was significantly up-regulated, while that of genes related to acid metabolism (GE003450) was significantly down-regulated. On this basis, homology modeling and functional prediction of the proteins encoded by the mutated genes were performed. According to the results, the properties related to the efficacy of C. butyricum as a probiotic were significantly enhanced by carbon ion beam irradiation, which is a novel strategy for the application of Clostridium spp. as feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Juan Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Kejin Innovation Institute of Heavy Ion Beam Biological Industry, Baiyin 730900, China.
| | - Miao-Miao Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Mei-Han Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qing-Feng Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cai-Rong Lei
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zi-Yi Dong
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun-Le Ren
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing-Ru Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Jia
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Dong Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Kejin Innovation Institute of Heavy Ion Beam Biological Industry, Baiyin 730900, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Guo CY, Ding M, Zhang S, Wang Y, Ji YP, Xu SL, Wang YJ, Wang DL. Dietary effects of vitamin C on antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota and the resistance of pathogenic bacteria in cultured Silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300643. [PMID: 38954725 PMCID: PMC11218981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
As most teleosts are unable to synthesize vitamin C, supplemental diets containing vitamin C diets play a crucial role in fish health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin C on the intestinal enzyme activity and intestinal microbiota of silver pomfre (Pampus argenteus). Four experimental diets were supplemented with basic diets containing 300 mg of vitamin C/kg (group tjl3), 600 mg of vitamin C/kg (group tjl6), and 1200 mg of vitamin C/kg (group tjl12), as well as vitamin C-free supplemental basic diet (group tjl0), respectively. The four diets were fed to juvenile P. argenteus (average initial weight: 4.68 ± 0.93 g) for 6 weeks. The results showed that the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) increased significantly while that of MDA (malondialdehyde) decreased significantly in group tjl3 compared to vitamin group tjl0. At the genus level, groups tjl0, tjl6, and tjl12 contained the same dominant microbial community, Stenotrophomonas, Photobacterium, and Vibrio, whereas group tjl3 was dominated by Stenotrophomonas, Delftia, and Bacteroides. Among the fish fed with a basic diet containing 300 mg of vitamin C/kg, the intestines exhibited a notable abundance of probiotic bacteria, including lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) and Bacillus. The abundance of Aeromonas in groups tjl3 and tjl6 was lower than that of the vitamin C-free supplemental basic diet group, whereas Aeromonas was not detected in group tjl12. In addition, a causative agent of the disease outbreak in cultured P. argenteus, Photobacterium damselae subsp. Damselae (PDD) was the dominant microbiota community in groups tjl0, tjl6 and tjl12, whereas the abundance of PDD in group tjl3 was the lowest among the diets. Taken together, the diets supplied with vitamin C could influence the composition microbial community of P. argenteus. The low level of vitamin C (300 mg of vitamin C/kg per basic diet) supplementation could not only improve the antioxidant capacity but also resist the invasion of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yang Guo
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ming Ding
- Ningbo Hongmeng Testing Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi-Ping Ji
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Tianbang Feed Technology Co., Ltd, Ningbo, China
| | - Shan-Liang Xu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dan-Li Wang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Dai C, Shu Z, Ma C, Yan P, Huang L, He R, Ma H. Isolation of a surfactin-producing strain of Bacillus subtilis and evaluation of the probiotic potential and antioxidant activity of surfactin from fermented soybean meal. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38922941 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surfactin, usually produced by microbial metabolism, has many advantages including low toxicity, high biodegradability, and stability at extreme pH levels and temperatures, making it suitable for industry. However, its commercial production has not yet been achieved. RESULTS A strain with a strong surfactin-producing ability was isolated and identified as Bacillus subtilis SOPC5, based on the appearance of colonies, microscopic observation, and 16S rDNA sequencing. The isolate exhibited significant tolerance to acid, bile, gastric, and intestinal juices, and was sufficiently susceptible to antibiotics. Bacillus subtilis SOPC5 showed high levels of auto-aggregation and surface hydrophobicity, and a strong capacity to secrete protease, amylase, and cellulase. The strain also exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 10 306 with a antibacterial circle diameter of 18.0 ± 1.1 mm. The maximal yield of surfactin (1.32 mg mL-1) was obtained by fermenting soybean meal (SBM) using the isolate under the following conditions: SBM 86 g L-1, inoculation 1.5 × 107 CFU mL-1, FeSO4 1.2 mg L-1, MnSO4 2.6 mg L-1, MgSO4 0.5 mg mL-1, L-Glu 4 mg L-1, temperature 33 °C, duration 120 h, and shaking at 210 rpm. The purity of surfactin was 97.42% as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for surfactin to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS·+) were 1.275 ± 0.11 and 0.73 ± 0.08 mg mL-1, respectively. CONCLUSION This study provides a scientific basis for the application of B. subtilis SOPC5 (as a potential probiotic) and the preparation of its metabolic product (surfactin). © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Dai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Shu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chunfang Ma
- Shandong Yuwang Ecological Food Industry Co., Ltd., Yucheng, China
| | - Pengfei Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liurong Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ronghai He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Vicente-Gil S, Nuñez-Ortiz N, Morel E, Serra CR, Docando F, Díaz-Rosales P, Tafalla C. Immunomodulatory properties of Bacillus subtilis extracellular vesicles on rainbow trout intestinal cells and splenic leukocytes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1394501. [PMID: 38774883 PMCID: PMC11106384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1394501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane-surrounded vesicles that carry bioactive molecules. Among EVs, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), specifically produced by Gram-negative bacteria, have been extensively characterized and their potential as vaccines, adjuvants or immunotherapeutic agents, broadly explored in mammals. Nonetheless, Gram-positive bacteria can also produce bilayered spherical structures from 20 to 400 nm involved in pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance, nutrient uptake and nucleic acid transfer. However, information regarding their immunomodulatory potential is very scarce, both in mammals and fish. In the current study, we have produced EVs from the Gram-positive probiotic Bacillus subtilis and evaluated their immunomodulatory capacities using a rainbow trout intestinal epithelial cell line (RTgutGC) and splenic leukocytes. B. subtilis EVs significantly up-regulated the transcription of several pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial genes in both RTgutGC cells and splenocytes, while also up-regulating many genes associated with B cell differentiation in the later. In concordance, B. subtilis EVs increased the number of IgM-secreting cells in splenocyte cultures, while at the same time increased the MHC II surface levels and antigen-processing capacities of splenic IgM+ B cells. Interestingly, some of these experiments were repeated comparing the effects of B. subtilis EVs to EVs obtained from another Bacillus species, Bacillus megaterium, identifying important differences. The data presented provides evidence of the immunomodulatory capacities of Gram-positive EVs, pointing to the potential of B. subtilis EVs as adjuvants or immunostimulants for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Vicente-Gil
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Nuñez-Ortiz
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Morel
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cláudia R. Serra
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Docando
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Pei H, Wang L, Xia X, Dong C, Tan B, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Ding J. Sulfamethoxazole stress endangers the gut health of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) and affects host metabolism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116099. [PMID: 38422788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) is a frequently detected antibiotic in the environment, and there is a growing concern about its potential toxic effects on aquatic organisms. sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicas) is a benthic invertebrate whose gut acts as a primary immune defense and serves critical protective barrier. In this study, growth performance, histology, gut microbiota, and metabolomics analyses were performed to investigate the toxic response in the intestine of sea cucumber effects caused by SMZ stress for 56 d by evaluating with different concentrations of SMZ (0, 1.2×10-3, and 1.2 mg/L). The weight gain rate of sea cucumbers under SMZ stress showed significant decrease, indicating that the growth of sea cucumbers was hindered. Analysis of the intestinal morphological features indicated that SMZ stimulation resulted in atrophy of the sea cucumber gut. In the 1.2×10-3 mg/L concentration, the thickness of muscle and mucosal layers was reduced by 12.40% and 21.39%, while in the 1.2 mg/L concentration, the reductions were 35.08% and 26.98%. The abundance and diversity of sea cucumber intestinal bacteria decreased significantly (P < 0.05) under the influence of SMZ. Notably, the intestinal bacteria of sea cucumber became homogenized with the increase in SMZ concentration, and the relative abundance of Ralstonia reached 81.64% under the stress of 1.2 mg/L concentration. The SMZ stress significantly impacted host metabolism and disrupted balance, particularly in L-threonine, L-tyrosine, neuronic acid, piperine, and docosapentaenoic acid. SMZ leads to dysregulation of metabolites, resulting in growth inhibition and potential inflammatory responses that could adversely affect the normal activities of aquatic organisms. Further metabolic pathway enrichment analyses demonstrated that impaired biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis metabolic pathway were major reasons for SMZ stress-induced intestinal bacteria dysbiosis. This research aims to provide some theoretical evidence for the ecological hazard assessment of antibiotics in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Pei
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Luo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Xinglong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Changkun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bamei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhiping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
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Rahman MA, Ashrafudoulla M, Akter S, Park SH, Ha SD. Probiotics and biofilm interaction in aquaculture for sustainable food security: A review and bibliometric analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37599629 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2249114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is one of the most significant food sources from the prehistoric period. As aquaculture intensifies globally, the prevalence and outbreaks of various pathogenic microorganisms cause fish disease and heavy mortality, leading to a drastic reduction in yield and substantial economic loss. With the modernization of the aquaculture system, a new challenge regarding biofilms or bacterial microenvironments arises worldwide, which facilitates pathogenic microorganisms to survive under unfavorable environmental conditions and withstand various treatments, especially antibiotics and other chemical disinfectants. However, we focus on the mechanistic association between those microbes which mainly form biofilm and probiotics in one of the major food production systems, aquaculture. In recent years, probiotics and their derivatives have attracted much attention in the fisheries sector to combat the survival strategy of pathogenic bacteria. Apart from this, Bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the published literature, highlighting key research themes, emerging topics, and areas that require further investigation. This information is valuable for researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders in determining research priorities and allocating resources effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashikur Rahman
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Ashrafudoulla
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Shirin Akter
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hong Park
- Food Science and Technology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Sang-Do Ha
- Food Science and Technology Department, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Republic of Korea
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Liang H, Tran NT, Deng T, Li J, Lei Y, Bakky MAH, Zhang M, Li R, Chen W, Zhang Y, Chen X, Li S. Identification and Characterization of a Potential Probiotic, Clostridium butyricum G13, Isolated from the Intestine of the Mud Crab (Scylla paramamosain). Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0131723. [PMID: 37522814 PMCID: PMC10434012 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01317-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The butyrate-producing bacterium Clostridium butyricum has been proven to be important in improving the growth and health benefits of aquatic animals. In this study, C. butyricum G13 was isolated for the first time from the gut of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). The results of this study showed that C. butyricum G13 could produce a high concentration of butyric acid and grow well in a wide range of pHs (4 to 9) and NaCl (1 to 2.5%) and bile salt (0.2 to 1.0%) concentrations. In vitro characterization revealed that C. butyricum G13 is a Gram-positive and gamma-hemolytic bacterium sensitive to most antibiotics and shows hydrophobicity and the capacity to degrade starch. In vitro fermentation using mud crab gut contents showed that C. butyricum G13 alone or in combination with galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and/or resistant starch (RS) significantly increased butyric acid production and beneficially affected the abundance and diversity of intestinal microbiota. In addition, C. butyricum G13 can improve the survival rate of mud crabs and effectively maintain the normal structure of gut morphology after infection with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In conclusion, C. butyricum G13 can be considered a potential probiotic that improves the immune capacity and confers health benefits on mud crabs. IMPORTANCE With the development of society, more and more aquatic animals are demanded. Intensification in the aquaculture scale is facing problems, such as disease outbreaks, eutrophication of water bodies, and misuse of antibiotics. Among these challenges, disease outbreak is the most important factor directly affecting aquaculture production. It is crucial to explore new approaches effective for the prevention and control of diseases. Probiotics have been widely used in aquaculture and have shown beneficial effects on the host. In this study, the butyrate-producing bacterium Clostridium butyricum G13 was isolated for the first time from the intestine of the mud crab through in vitro fermentation. The bacterium has probiotic properties and changes the gut microbiota to be beneficial to hosts in vitro as well as protecting hosts from Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in vivo. The outcomes of this study indicate that C. butyricum G13 can be used as a potential probiotic in mud crab aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Taoqiu Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Jinkun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yifan Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Mohammad Akibul Hasan Bakky
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Wenxuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, China
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9
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Jiang N, Hong B, Luo K, Li Y, Fu H, Wang J. Isolation of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus with Anti- Vibrio parahaemolyticus Activity and Identification of the Anti- Vibrio parahaemolyticus Substance. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1667. [PMID: 37512840 PMCID: PMC10385546 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The adoption of intensive farming has exacerbated disease outbreaks in aquaculture, particularly vibriosis caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The use of probiotics to control V. parahaemolyticus is recognized as a good alternative to antibiotics for avoiding the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this study, two strains of B. HLJ1 and B. C1 with strong inhibitory activity on V. parahaemolyticus were isolated from aquaculture water and identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus, respectively. Both B. HLJ1 and B. C1 lacked antibiotic resistance and virulence genes, suggesting that they are safe for use in aquaculture. In addition, these two strains can tolerate acid environments, produce spores, secrete extracellular enzymes, and co-aggregate as well as auto-aggregate with V. parahaemolyticus. B. HLJ1 and B. C1 produced the same anti-V. parahaemolyticus substance, which was identified as AI-77-F and belongs to amicoumacins. Both B. C1 and B. HLJ1 showed inhibitory activity against 11 different V. parahaemolyticus and could effectively control the growth of V. parahaemolyticus in simulated aquaculture wastewater when the concentration of B. C1 and B. HLJ1 reached 1 × 107 CFU/mL. This study shows that B. HLJ1 and B. C1 have great potential as aquaculture probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Hong
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kui Luo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongxin Fu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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10
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Xie L, Liu L, Luo Y, Rao X, Di Y, Liu H, Qian Z, Shen Q, He L, Li F. Complete genome sequence of biocontrol strain Bacillus velezensis YC89 and its biocontrol potential against sugarcane red rot. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1180474. [PMID: 37333645 PMCID: PMC10275611 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1180474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sugarcane is one of the most important sugar crops worldwide, however, sugarcane production is seriously limited by sugarcane red rot, a soil-borne disease caused by Colletotrichum falcatum. Bacillus velezensis YC89 was isolated from sugarcane leaves and can significantly inhibited red rot disease caused by C. falcatum. Methods In this study, the genome of YC89 strain was sequenced, its genome structure and function were analyzed using various bioinformatics software, and its genome was compared with those of other homologous strains. In addition, the effectiveness of YC89 against sugarcane red rot and the evaluation of sugarcane plant growth promotion were also investigated by pot experiments. Results Here, we present the complete genome sequence of YC89, which consists of a 3.95 Mb circular chromosome with an average GC content of 46.62%. The phylogenetic tree indicated that YC89 is closely related to B. velezensis GS-1. Comparative genome analysis of YC89 with other published strains (B. velezensis FZB42, B. velezensis CC09, B. velezensis SQR9, B. velezensis GS-1, and B. amyloliquefaciens DSM7) revealed that the strains had a part common coding sequences (CDS) in whereas 42 coding were unique of strain YC89. Whole-genome sequencing revealed 547 carbohydrate-active enzymes and identified 12 gene clusters encoding secondary metabolites. Additionally, functional analysis of the genome revealed numerous gene/gene clusters involved in plant growth promotion, antibiotic resistance, and resistance inducer synthesis. In vitro pot tests indicated that YC89 strain controlled sugarcane red rot and promoted the growth of sugarcane plants. Additionally, it increased the activity of enzymes involved in plant defense, such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase. Discussion These findings will be helpful for further studies on the mechanisms of plant growth promotion and biocontrol by B. velezensis and provide an effective strategy for controlling red rot in sugarcane plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Xie
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Lufeng Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yanju Luo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xibing Rao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yining Di
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Han Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenfeng Qian
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Qingqing Shen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Lilian He
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Fusheng Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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11
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Nie Z, Zheng Z, Zhu H, Sun Y, Gao J, Gao J, Xu P, Xu G. Effects of submerged macrophytes ( Elodea nuttallii) on water quality and microbial communities of largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides) ponds. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1050699. [PMID: 36713211 PMCID: PMC9880226 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional aquaculture ponds are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems; thus, ecological aquaculture is increasingly valued for its beneficial ecological properties and ecosystem services. However, little is known about ecological aquaculture of largemouth bass with submerged vegetation. Here, we designed three ecological ponds of cultured largemouth bass with submerged macrophytes (the EM group) and three ponds with traditional aquaculture (the M group) to reveal the response of water quality, and phytoplankton and bacterial communities, to submerged macrophyte bioremediation during a 90-day culture period. We observed that Cyanobacterial outbreak occurred in the M group ponds from day 7 to the end of the experiment; however, there were no Cyanobacterial blooms in the EM group ponds throughout the culture period. Compared with the M group ponds, the EM group ponds, which had submerged hydrophytes, had significantly decreased concentrations of TP, TN, and CODMn, but significantly increased DO concentrations throughout the experimental period. Moreover, ecological aquaculture with submerged macrophytes showed strong effects on the phytoplankton and bacterial community compositions. In particular, the M group ponds had higher phytoplankton density and mainly included Cyanobacteria, whereas the EM group had lower phytoplankton density and mainly included Chlorophyta. Moreover, higher alpha diversity, as determined by Ace and Simpson index values, was detected for bacterial communities in the EM group ponds. Furthermore, PCoA clearly grouped the bacterial communities according to the two culture modes throughout the culture period. These results indicate that ecological aquaculture with submerged macrophytes can improve water quality, control Cyanobacterial blooms, and affect the diversity and composition of bacterial communities. These valuable effects seem to be beneficial and consistent to maintaining aquaculture ecosystem stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, China
| | - Zhaowei Zheng
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Haojun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Gangchuan Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China,*Correspondence: Gangchuan Xu, ✉
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12
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Bahaddad SA, Almalki MHK, Alghamdi OA, Sohrab SS, Yasir M, Azhar EI, Chouayekh H. Bacillus Species as Direct-Fed Microbial Antibiotic Alternatives for Monogastric Production. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1-16. [PMID: 35092567 PMCID: PMC8799964 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09909-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic growth promoters have been utilized for long time at subtherapeutic levels as feed supplements in monogastric animal rations. Because of their side-effects such as antibiotic resistance, reduction of beneficial bacteria in the gut, and dysbiosis, it is necessary to look for non-therapeutic alternatives. Probiotics play an important role as the key substitutes to antibacterial agents due to their many beneficial effects on the monogastric animal host. For instance, enhancement of the gut microbiota balance can contribute to improvement of feed utilization efficiency, nutrients absorption, growth rate, and economic profitability of livestock. Probiotics are defined as "live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host." They are available in diverse forms for use as feed supplements. Their utilization as feed additives assists in good digestion of feed ingredients and hence, making the nutrients available for promoting growth. Immunity can also be enhanced by supplementing probiotics to monogastrics diets. Moreover, probiotics can help in improving major meat quality traits and countering a variety of monogastric animals infectious diseases. A proper selection of the probiotic strains is required in order to confer optimal beneficial effects. The present review focuses on the general functional, safety, and technological screening criteria for selection of ideal Bacillus probiotics as feed supplements as well as their mechanism of action and beneficial effects on monogastric animals for improving production performance and health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifa A Bahaddad
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshal H K Almalki
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman A Alghamdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed S Sohrab
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam I Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hichem Chouayekh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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13
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Species-Specific Effects of Planktonic Bacteria on the Predator-Induced Life-History Defense of Daphnia: Based on Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Structural Equation Model. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0143222. [PMID: 36377930 PMCID: PMC9753967 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01432-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Planktonic bacteria are an important part of aquatic ecosystems and interact with zooplankton. However, it is still unclear whether different planktonic bacteria differentially interfere with the responses of zooplankton to their predators. Here, we investigated the effects of different planktonic bacteria, which were isolated and purified from natural lakes, on the anti-predation (Rhodeus ocellatus as the predator) defense responses of Daphnia magna. Our results showed that the effects of planktonic bacteria on the induced life-history defenses of Daphnia were species-specific. Bacteria which increased (e.g., Escherichia coli, Citrobacter braakii) Daphnia body size also promoted the induced defense of body size, whereas bacteria which decreased (e.g., Pseudomonas spp.) Daphnia body size also inhibited the induced defense of body size. In addition, the same bacteria had different effects on induced defense traits. Some bacteria (e.g., E. coli) promoted the induced defense of body size but reduced the induced defense of offspring number, whereas other bacteria (e.g., Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas veronas) weakened the induced defense of body size but had no significant effect on the induced defense of offspring number. Moreover, the differential effects of planktonic bacteria on Daphnia's induced defenses were not related to the bacterial degradation of kairomone. This study illustrated, for the first time, the species-specific effects of planktonic bacteria on predator-induced responses of Daphnia. IMPORTANCE This study is the first to reveal the differential effects of different species of planktonic bacteria on fish kairomone-induced defense traits and energy redistribution in Daphnia. Our results not only help deepen the understanding of Daphnia's inducible defenses in environments containing a variety of bacteria but also provide insights into the energy reallocation involved in anti-predator defenses.
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14
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Potential role of prebiotics and probiotics in conferring health benefits in economically important crabs. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 3:100041. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2021.100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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15
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Xue M, Wu Y, Hong Y, Meng Y, Xu C, Jiang N, Li Y, Liu W, Fan Y, Zhou Y. Effects of dietary Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the growth, immune responses, intestinal microbiota composition and disease resistance of yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1047351. [PMID: 36452300 PMCID: PMC9702064 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1047351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of dietary probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, immune parameters and disease resistance of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) was evaluated. Commercial diet (C) or diet containing 106 cfu/g B. amyloliquefaciens (T) was fed for 4 weeks, and final weight (FW), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were improved (p<0.05) in the T group. Dietary B. amyloliquefaciens increased protease and amylase activities in the digestive tract after 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. Respiratory burst (RB), plasma lysozyme (LZM) activity, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were also elevated (p<0.05). Immune-related genes signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STATA-1), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and C-type lectin (CTL) were upregulated (p<0.05), but interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) was not (p >0.05). Intestinal microbiota analysis showed that the community structure was significantly different between the two groups; the relative abundance of Cetobacterium was increased but Plesiomonas was decreased in T. Moreover, challenge tests showed that the resistance of fish fed B. amyloliquefaciens against Aeromonas veronii and Edwardsiella ictaluri was significantly enhanced (p<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of B. amyloliquefaciens can effectively improve the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, immune responses, intestinal microbiota composition and disease resistance of yellow catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yeying Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Research and Development, Wuhan Dynamic Life Science Co, Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yizhan Hong
- Department of Production, Hainan Yonghe Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Qionghai, Hainan, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiqun Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
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16
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Pereira WA, Mendonça CMN, Urquiza AV, Marteinsson VÞ, LeBlanc JG, Cotter PD, Villalobos EF, Romero J, Oliveira RPS. Use of Probiotic Bacteria and Bacteriocins as an Alternative to Antibiotics in Aquaculture. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091705. [PMID: 36144306 PMCID: PMC9503917 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their use in human medicine, antimicrobials are also used in food animals and aquaculture, and their use can be categorized as therapeutic against bacterial infections. The use of antimicrobials in aquaculture may involve a broad environmental application that affects a wide variety of bacteria, promoting the spread of bacterial resistance genes. Probiotics and bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides produced by some types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), have been successfully tested in aquatic animals as alternatives to control bacterial infections. Supplementation might have beneficial impacts on the intestinal microbiota, immune response, development, and/or weight gain, without the issues associated with antibiotic use. Thus, probiotics and bacteriocins represent feasible alternatives to antibiotics. Here, we provide an update with respect to the relevance of aquaculture in the animal protein production sector, as well as the present and future challenges generated by outbreaks and antimicrobial resistance, while highlighting the potential role of probiotics and bacteriocins to address these challenges. In addition, we conducted data analysis using a simple linear regression model to determine whether a linear relationship exists between probiotic dose added to feed and three variables of interest selected, including specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and lysozyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellison Amorim Pereira
- Microbial Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo University, Rua do Lago 250, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Miguel N. Mendonça
- Microbial Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo University, Rua do Lago 250, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jean Guy LeBlanc
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucuman T4000, Argentina
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, APC Microbiome Ireland, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Elías Figueroa Villalobos
- Nucleus of Research in Food Production, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Jaime Romero
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutricion y Tecnologia de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Libano 5524, Santiago 783090, Chile
| | - Ricardo P. S. Oliveira
- Microbial Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo University, Rua do Lago 250, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
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17
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Docando F, Nuñez-Ortiz N, Gonçalves G, Serra CR, Gomez-Casado E, Martín D, Abós B, Oliva-Teles A, Tafalla C, Díaz-Rosales P. Bacillus subtilis Expressing the Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus VP2 Protein Retains Its Immunostimulatory Properties and Induces a Specific Antibody Response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:888311. [PMID: 35720351 PMCID: PMC9198257 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.888311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis has been documented in the past years as an effective probiotic for different aquacultured species, with recognized beneficial effects on water quality, fish growth and immune status. Furthermore, its potential as a vaccine adjuvant has also been explored in different species. In the current work, we have used B. subtilis spores as delivery vehicles for the presentation of the VP2 protein from infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). For this, the VP2 gene was amplified and translationally fused to the crust protein CotY. The successful expression of VP2 on the spores was confirmed by Western blot. We then compared the immunostimulatory potential of this VP2-expressing strain (CRS208) to that of the original B. subtilis strain (168) on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) leukocytes obtained from spleen, head kidney and the peritoneal cavity. Our results demonstrated that both strains significantly increased the percentage of IgM+ B cells and the number of IgM-secreting cells in all leukocyte cultures. Both strains also induced the transcription of a wide range of immune genes in these cultures, with small differences between them. Importantly, specific anti-IPNV antibodies were detected in fish intraperitoneally or orally vaccinated with the CRS208 strain. Altogether, our results demonstrate B. subtilis spores expressing foreign viral proteins retain their immunomodulatory potential while inducing a significant antibody response, thus constituting a promising vaccination strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Docando
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Agricultural and Food Research and Technology Institute (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Nuñez-Ortiz
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Agricultural and Food Research and Technology Institute (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriela Gonçalves
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia R Serra
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Gomez-Casado
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agricultural and Food Research and Technology Institute (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Martín
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Agricultural and Food Research and Technology Institute (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Abós
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Agricultural and Food Research and Technology Institute (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Agricultural and Food Research and Technology Institute (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Agricultural and Food Research and Technology Institute (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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18
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Dietary supplementation with Weissella cibaria C-10 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5 enhance immunity against Aeromonas veronii infection in crucian carp (Carassiu auratus). Microb Pathog 2022; 167:105559. [PMID: 35568093 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the aim to discover novel lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus strains from fish as potential probiotics to replace antibiotics in aquaculture, the present study was conducted to isolate lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus from intestinal tract of healthy crucian carp (Carassiu auratus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and evaluate their resistance against Aeromonas veronii. Based on the evaluation of antibacterial activity and tolerance test, one strain of lactic acid bacteria (Weissella cibaria C-10) and one strain of Bacillus (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5) with strong environmental stability were screened out. The safety evaluation showed that these two strains were non-toxic to crucian carp and were sensitive to most antibiotics. In vivo study, the crucian carps were fed a basal diet supplemented with W. cibaria C-10 (C-10), B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (T-5) and W. cibaria C-10 + B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (C-10+T-5), respectively, for 5 weeks. Then, various immune parameters were measured at 35 days of post-feeding. Results showed both probiotics could improve the activities of related immune enzymes, immune factors and non-specific immune antibodies in blood and organs (gill, gut, kidney, liver, and spleen) of crucian carp in varying degrees. Moreover, after 7 days of challenge experiment, the survival rates after challenged with A. veronii of W. cibaria C-10 (C-10), B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (T-5) and W. cibaria C-10 + B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (C-10+T-5) supplemented groups to the crucian carps were 20%, 33% and 22%, respectively. Overall, W. cibaria C-10 and B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 could be considered to be developed into microecological preparations for the alternatives of antibiotics in aquaculture.
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19
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Docando F, Nuñez-Ortiz N, Serra CR, Arense P, Enes P, Oliva-Teles A, Díaz-Rosales P, Tafalla C. Mucosal and systemic immune effects of Bacillus subtilis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:142-155. [PMID: 35367376 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus spp. are well known for their probiotic properties. Hence, the long-term feeding of Bacillus spp. strains to different fish species has been proved to confer beneficial effects regarding growth or pathogen resistance, among others. However, whether these strains could function as mucosal adjuvants, up-regulating immune responses after a single administration, has not yet been investigated in fish. Thus, in the current work, we have performed a series of experiments in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aimed at establishing the potential of two Bacillus subtilis spore-forming strains, designated as ABP1 and ABP2, as oral adjuvants/immunostimulants. As an initial step, we evaluated their transcriptional effects on the rainbow trout intestinal epithelial cell line RTgutGC, and in gut tissue explants incubated ex vivo with the two strains. Their capacity to adhere to RTgutGC cells was also evaluated by flow cytometry. Although both strains had the capacity to modulate the transcription of several genes related to innate and adaptive immune responses, it was the ABP1 strain that led to stronger transcriptional effects, also exerting a higher binding capacity to intestinal epithelial cells. Consequently, we selected this strain to establish its effects on splenic B cells upon in vitro exposure as well as to determine the transcriptional effects exerted in the spleen, kidney, and gut after a single oral administration of the bacteria. Our results showed that B. subtilis ABP1 had the capacity to modulate the proliferation, IgM secreting capacity and MHC II surface expression of splenic B cells. Finally, we confirmed that this strain also induced the transcription of genes involved in inflammation, antimicrobial genes, and genes involved in T cell responses upon a single oral administration. Our results provide valuable information regarding how B. subtilis modulates the immune response of rainbow trout, pointing to the usefulness of the ABP1 strain to design novel oral vaccination strategies for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Docando
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain; Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Nuñez-Ortiz
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - C R Serra
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - P Arense
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Enes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Oliva-Teles
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Tafalla
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Identification and characterization of Bacillus coagulans strains for probiotic activity and safety. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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21
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Hou P, Sun X, Fang Z, Feng Y, Guo Y, Wang Q, Chen C. Simultaneous removal of phosphorous and nitrogen by ammonium assimilation and aerobic denitrification of novel phosphate-accumulating organism Pseudomonas chloritidismutans K14. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125621. [PMID: 34325396 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas chloritidismutans K14, a novel phosphate-accumulating organism with the capacity to perform ammonium assimilation, aerobic denitrification, and phosphorus removal, was isolated from aquaculture sediments. It produced no hemolysin, and showed susceptibility to most antibiotics. Optimum conditions were achieved with sodium pyruvate as a carbon source, a C/N ratio of 10, pH of 7.5, temperature of 27 °C, P/N ratio of 0.26, and shaking at 140 rpm. Under optimum conditions, the highest removal efficiencies of ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate were 99.82%, 99.11%, and 99.78%, respectively; the corresponding removal rates were 6.27, 4.51, and 4.99 mg/L/h. The strain removed over 98% of phosphorus, and over 87% of chemical oxygen demand. The highest biomass nitrogen during ammonium assimilation was 99.18 mg/L; no gaseous nitrogen was produced. The genes involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal were amplified by PCR. This study demonstrated the potential application prospects of strain K14 for nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300073, China
| | - Zhanming Fang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yongyi Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Qingkui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Chengxun Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China.
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22
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Kuebutornye FKA, Lu Y, Abarike ED, Wang Z, Li Y, Sakyi ME. In vitro Assessment of the Probiotic Characteristics of Three Bacillus Species from the Gut of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:412-424. [PMID: 31243734 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics used in aquaculture are mostly from non-fish sources, as a result ineffective in eliciting the desired effects in aquatic animals. In this study, three Bacillus species were isolated from the digestive tract of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus and characterised based on their morphological, biochemical and evolutionary relationships. Their probiotic potentials were evaluated based on their ability to tolerate low pH, bile salt concentration, high temperatures, adhesion ability (auto-aggregation and hydrophobicity), haemolytic activity and antimicrobial activity including biosafety assay. Three Bacillus strains identified as Bacillus velezensis TPS3N (MK130897), Bacillus subtilis TPS4 (MK130899) and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TPS17 (MK130898) were designated as TPS3N, TPS4 and TPS17, respectively. TPS3N and TPS17 were α-haemolytic, while TPS4 was γ-haemolytic. The three isolates had higher viability ability after exposure to higher temperatures (80 °C, 90 °C and 100 °C) and were resistant to low pH (1) and bile salt concentration (0.5%) as well as high cell surface hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation. The three isolates were compatible with one another and thus can be used in consortia. These strains were susceptible to gentamicin, cephalexin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, kanamycin, amikacin, penicillin, cefoperazone, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin (except TPS4) and furazolidone (except TPS17). The antimicrobial assessment showed that among the three isolates, TPS3N and TPS17 exhibited good antimicrobial activity against the three fish pathogens (Streptococcus agalactiae, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio harveyi), while TPS4 was effective against Streptococcus agalactiae only. The results of this work suggest that Bacillus strains TPS3N, TPS4 and TPS17 could be considered as potential probiotics in tilapia aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix K A Kuebutornye
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Emmanuel Delwin Abarike
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Michael Essien Sakyi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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23
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Amoah K, Dong XH, Tan BP, Zhang S, Kuebutornye FKA, Chi SY, Yang QH, Liu HY, Zhang HT, Yang YZ. In vitro Assessment of the Safety and Potential Probiotic Characteristics of Three Bacillus Strains Isolated From the Intestine of Hybrid Grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:675962. [PMID: 34124228 PMCID: PMC8193502 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.675962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics serving as an alternative to the criticized antibiotics mainly focus on improving animal's growth and health. After realizing the dangers posed by diseases that have led to lots of economic losses, aquaculture scientists have sought the usage of probiotics. However, most probiotics are ineffective in eliciting aquatic animals' preferred effects, since they are from non-fish sources. Again, there are even a few marine aquatic probiotics. Given this, a study was conducted to investigate the probiotic potential of the bacteria species isolated from the digestive tract of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Based on the morphological, biochemical, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis and evolutionary relationships, the isolated species were identified as Bacillus tequilensis GPSAK2 (MW548630), Bacillus velezensis GPSAK4 (MW548635), and Bacillus subtilis GPSAK9 (MW548634), which were designated as GPSAK2, GPSAK4, and GPSAK9 strains, respectively. Their probiotic potentials including their ability to tolerate high bile salt concentration, low pH, high temperatures, adhesion ability (auto-aggregation and cell-surface hydrophobicity), antimicrobial activity and biosafety test, compatibility test, hemolytic activity, and antibiotic susceptibility test were evaluated. While GPSAK2 and GPSAK9 strains were γ-hemolytic, that of GPSAK4 was α-hemolytic. All the isolates were resistant to low pH (1) and higher bile salt concentration (0.5%), showed higher viability ability after higher temperature exposure (80, 90, and 100°C), as well as higher cell-surface percentage hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation. All isolates exhibited positive compatibility with each other, signifying their ability to be used as multispecies. The three strains were susceptible to ampicillin (except GPSAK9, which was resistant), penicillin, kanamycin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, clindamycin, furazolidone (except GPSAK2 and GPSAK9, which were moderately susceptible and resistant, respectively), polymyxin B, vancomycin (except GPSAK9, which was resistant), sulfamethoxazole (except GPSAK9, which was moderately susceptible), amikacin, minocycline, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, doxycycline, neomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, carbenicillin, midecamycin (except GPSAK9, which was moderately susceptible), ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, and cefoperazone. All isolates demonstrated good antimicrobial activity against four pathogens, viz. Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus iniae, Vibrio harveyi, and Vibrio alginolyticus. The results collectively suggest that Bacillus strains GPSAK2, GPSAK4, and GPSAK9 could serve as potential probiotic candidates that can be used to improve the growth and health status of aquatic animals, especially grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Amoah
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bei-Ping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Felix K A Kuebutornye
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shu-Yan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qi-Hui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hong-Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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24
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Bacillaene Mediates the Inhibitory Effect of Bacillus subtilis on Campylobacter jejuni Biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0295520. [PMID: 33837012 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02955-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are the predominant bacterial lifestyle and can protect microorganisms from environmental stresses. Multispecies biofilms can affect the survival of enteric pathogens that contaminate food products, and thus, investigating the underlying mechanisms of multispecies biofilms is essential for food safety and human health. In this study, we investigated the ability of the natural isolate Bacillus subtilis PS-216 to restrain Campylobacter jejuni biofilm formation and adhesion to abiotic surfaces as well as to disrupt preestablished C. jejuni biofilms. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy and colony counts, we demonstrate that the presence of B. subtilis PS-216 prevents C. jejuni biofilm formation, decreases growth of the pathogen by 4.2 log10, and disperses 26-h-old preestablished C. jejuni biofilms. Furthermore, the coinoculation of B. subtilis and C. jejuni interferes with the adhesion of C. jejuni to abiotic surfaces, reducing it by 2.4 log10. We also show that contact-independent mechanisms contribute to the inhibitory effect of B. subtilis PS-216 on C. jejuni biofilm. Using B. subtilis mutants in genes coding for nonribosomal peptides and polyketides revealed that bacillaene significantly contributes to the inhibitory effect of B. subtilis PS-216. In summary, we show a strong potential for the use of B. subtilis PS-216 against C. jejuni biofilm formation and adhesion to abiotic surfaces. Our research could bring forward novel applications of B. subtilis in animal production and thus contribute to food safety. IMPORTANCE Campylobacter jejuni is an intestinal commensal in animals (including broiler chickens) but also the most frequent cause of bacterial foodborne infection in humans. This pathogen forms biofilms which enhance survival of C. jejuni in food processing and thus threaten human health. Probiotic bacteria represent a potential alternative in the prevention and control of foodborne infections. The beneficial bacterium Bacillus subtilis has an excellent probiotic potential to reduce C. jejuni in the animal gastrointestinal tract. However, data on the effect of B. subtilis on C. jejuni biofilms are scarce. Our study shows that the B. subtilis natural isolate PS-216 prevents adhesion to the abiotic surfaces and the development of submerged C. jejuni biofilm during coculture and destroys the preestablished C. jejuni biofilm. These insights are important for development of novel applications of B. subtilis that will reduce the use of antibiotics in human and animal health and increase productivity in animal breeding.
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25
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Singh SS, Akhtar MN, Sharma D, Mandal SM, Korpole S. Characterization of Iturin V, a Novel Antimicrobial Lipopeptide from a Potential Probiotic Strain Lactobacillus sp. M31. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1766-1779. [PMID: 33987819 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Members of lactic acid bacteria group are known to produce various antimicrobial substances. Cyclic lipopeptides are one such potent class of amphipathic natural biosurfactants that exhibit bactericidal and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities of a lipopeptide secreted by a LAB isolate strain M31 identified as a member of the genus Lactobacillus. The lipopeptide that was purified using a combination of chromatographic techniques and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight of pure lipopeptide displayed a molecular weight of 1002 Da. MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of 7 amino acids (Asp-Tyr-Asp-Val-Pro-Asp-Ser) and a C13 beta-hydroxy fatty acid. The amino acid composition assigned lipopeptide to iturin class. However, the replacement of Gln with Val revealed it to represent a novel iturin named as iturin V. Iturin V showed antibacterial activity and did not cause hemolysis or cytotoxicity upto 125 µg/mL. It induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-12 in murine dendritic cells. Probiotic features of strain M31 coupled with notable activity of iturin V against species of the genera Pseudomonas and Vibrio suggest that strain M31 has potential application for pathogen intervention treatments in processing of aquatic food products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deepika Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Suresh Korpole
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India.
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26
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Simón R, Docando F, Nuñez-Ortiz N, Tafalla C, Díaz-Rosales P. Mechanisms Used by Probiotics to Confer Pathogen Resistance to Teleost Fish. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653025. [PMID: 33986745 PMCID: PMC8110931 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been defined as live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits to the host. The use of probiotics in aquaculture is an attractive bio-friendly method to decrease the impact of infectious diseases, but is still not an extended practice. Although many studies have investigated the systemic and mucosal immunological effects of probiotics, not all of them have established whether they were actually capable of increasing resistance to different types of pathogens, being this the outmost desired goal. In this sense, in the current paper, we have summarized those experiments in which probiotics were shown to provide increased resistance against bacterial, viral or parasitic pathogens. Additionally, we have reviewed what is known for fish probiotics regarding the mechanisms through which they exert positive effects on pathogen resistance, including direct actions on the pathogen, as well as positive effects on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patricia Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
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27
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Santos RA, Oliva-Teles A, Pousão-Ferreira P, Jerusik R, Saavedra MJ, Enes P, Serra CR. Isolation and Characterization of Fish-Gut Bacillus spp. as Source of Natural Antimicrobial Compounds to Fight Aquaculture Bacterial Diseases. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:276-293. [PMID: 33544251 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is responsible for more than 50% of global seafood consumption. Bacterial diseases are a major constraint to this sector and associated with misuse of antibiotics, pose serious threats to public health. Fish-symbionts, co-inhabitants of fish pathogens, might be a promising source of natural antimicrobial compounds (NACs) alternative to antibiotics, limiting bacterial diseases occurrence in aquafarms. In particular, sporeforming Bacillus spp. are known for their probiotic potential and production of NACs antagonistic of bacterial pathogens and are abundant in aquaculture fish guts. Harnessing the fish-gut microbial community potential, 172 sporeforming strains producing NACs were isolated from economically important aquaculture fish species, namely European seabass, gilthead seabream, and white seabream. We demonstrated that they possess anti-growth, anti-biofilm, or anti-quorum-sensing activities, to control bacterial infections and 52% of these isolates effectively antagonized important fish pathogens, including Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida, A. bivalvium, A. veronii, Vibrio anguillarum, V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, Photobacterium damselae, Tenacibaculum maritimum, Edwardsiela tarda, and Shigella sonnei. By in vitro quantification of sporeformers' capacity to suppress growth and biofilm formation of fish pathogens, and by assessing their potential to interfere with pathogens communication, we identified three promising candidates to become probiotics or source of bioactive molecules to be used in aquaculture against bacterial aquaculture diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela A Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- CITAB - Centro de Investigação E Tecnologias Agroambientais E Biológicas, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
- CECAV - Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- Instituto Português Do Mar E da Atmosfera (IPMA), Estação Piloto de Piscicultura de Olhão, Av. 5 de Outubro s/n, 8700-305, Olhão, Portugal
| | - Russell Jerusik
- Epicore Bionetworks Inc., 4 Lina Lane, NJ, 08060, Eastampton, USA
| | - Maria J Saavedra
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- CITAB - Centro de Investigação E Tecnologias Agroambientais E Biológicas, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- CECAV - Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, ECAV, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula Enes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Cláudia R Serra
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Jang HJ, Son S, Kim JA, Jung MY, Choi YJ, Kim DH, Lee HK, Shin D, Kim Y. Characterization and Functional Test of Canine Probiotics. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:625562. [PMID: 33763044 PMCID: PMC7982664 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.625562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics can modulate the composition of gut microbiota and benefit the host animal health in multiple ways. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), mainly Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species, are well-known microbes with probiotic potential. In the present study, 88 microbial strains were isolated from canine feces and annotated. Among these, the four strains CACC517, 537, 558, and 566 were tested for probiotic characteristics, and their beneficial effects on hosts were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo; these strains exhibited antibiosis, antibiotic activity, acid and bile tolerance, and relative cell adhesion to the HT-29 monolayer cell line. Byproducts of these strains increased the viability and decreased oxidative stress in mouse and dog cell lines (RAW264.7 and DH82, respectively). Subsequently, when the probiotics were applied to the clinical trial, changes in microbial composition and relative abundance of bacterial strains were clearly observed in the experimental animals. Experimental groups before and after the application were obviously separated from PCA analysis of clinical results. Conclusively, these results could provide comprehensive understanding of the effects of probiotic strains (CACC517, 537, 558, and 566) and their industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jun Jang
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Seungwoo Son
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea.,The Animal Molecular Genetics & Breeding Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea
| | - Min Young Jung
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Jae Choi
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea
| | - Hak Kyo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea.,The Animal Molecular Genetics & Breeding Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea
| | - Donghyun Shin
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea.,The Animal Molecular Genetics & Breeding Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea
| | - Yangseon Kim
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
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Liao J, Cai Y, Wang X, Shang C, Zhang Q, Shi H, Wang S, Zhang D, Zhou Y. Effects of a Potential Host Gut-Derived Probiotic, Bacillus subtilis 6-3-1, on the Growth, Non-specific Immune Response and Disease Resistance of Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1119-1137. [PMID: 33715082 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A potential host-derived probiotic, Bacillus subtilis 6-3-1, was successfully screened from 768 isolates from the intestines of healthy hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂) based on multiple probiotic characteristics in vitro assays, such as, non-hemolytic activity, extracellular enzyme activity, inhibitory activity against pathogens, tolerance to gastrointestinal stress, cell surface hydrophobicity, autoaggregation, and antibiotic susceptibility. Eight weeks of feeding trial revealed that dietary supplementation of B. subtilis 6-3-1 at all three concentrations (1 × 106 CFU g-1 as BS6; 1 × 107 CFU g-1 as BS7; 1 × 108 CFU g-1 as BS8) could promote the growth performance of hybrid groupers to a certain extent at different time points. At the end of 8th week, BS6 and BS8 significantly promoted the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) of hybrid groupers. The digestive enzyme activities were also increased in BS6 and BS8 groups comparing with those in control group, except that the increase of amylase activities in BS6 was not significant (P > 0.05). However, BS7 showed the best non-specific immunity stimulating effects among the three concentration groups. While BS7 significantly boosted serum total protein contents, lysozyme (LZM), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and acid phosphatase (ACP) levels, BS6 significantly enhanced serum total protein, LZM activity, and BS8 significantly improved LZM, respiratory bursts activity. B. subtilis 6-3-1 up-regulated the expression of MyD88 in head kidney and intestine and increased villi length (VL) in intestine of BS7 group. It also up-regulated the expression of IgM in head kidney in BS6 group and IgM and TLR1 in intestine of BS8 group. Though all B. subtilis 6-3-1 supplemented groups reduced the cumulative mortality rate post-Vibro harveyi-challenge, BS7 showed the best protection effects among the three concentration groups. In conclusion, with its immune promoting, intestine health enhancing, and V. harveyi resisting effects, BS7 show great potential to be used as a probiotic in hybrid grouper culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqiu Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizhong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongcan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China.
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Probiotic Potential of the Farmed Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, Autochthonous Gut Microbiota. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1106-1118. [PMID: 33665789 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, considerable and growing attention has been given to the application of host-associated microorganisms as a more suitable source of probiotics in aquaculture sector. Herein, we isolated and screened the olive flounder gut microbiota for beneficial bacterial strains that might serve as potential probiotics in a low fishmeal extruded aquafeed. Among the ten identified isolates, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SK4079 and B. subtilis SK4082 were screened out based on their heat-resistant ability as well as enzymatic and non-hemolytic activities. Although both strains were well able to utilize carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), xylan, and soybean meal (SBM) as a single carbon source in the minimal nutrient M9 medium, B. subtilis exhibited significantly higher cellulase, xylanase, and protease activities than B. amyloliquefaciens. The two selected strains were well able to degrade the undesirable anti-nutritional component of the SBM, which would limit its utilization as protein source in aquafeed industry. Significantly higher biofilm formation capacity and notably stronger adhesive interactions with the flounder's skin mucus were detected in B. subtilis than B. amyloliquefaciens. Immobilization of the spores from the selected strains, in a SBM complex carrier, remarkably enhances their thermal resistance at 120 °C for 5 min and different drying conditions. It was also interesting to learn that the B. subtilis spores could survive and remain viable after being sprayed onto extruded low-fish meal feed pellets for as long as 6 months. Overall, the findings of the present study could help the food/feed industries achieve their goal of developing cost-effective yet efficient products.
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Wang W, Zhang H, Yu X, Zhang S. Study of antagonism between some intestinal bacteria with high-speed micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1196-1201. [PMID: 33580526 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, high-speed micellar electrokinetic chromatography with LIF detection was applied to study the antagonism between three intestinal bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Bacillus licheniformis (B. licheniformis) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis). The fluorescent derivatization for the bacteria was performed by labeling the bacteria with FITC. In a high-speed capillary electrophoresis (HSCE) device, the three bacteria could be completely separated within 4 min under the separation mode MEKC. The BGE was 1 × TBE containing 30 mM SDS and 1.5 × 10-5 g/mL polyethylene oxide. The limits of detection for E. coli, B. licheniformis and B. subtilis were 2.80 × 106 CFU/mL, 1.60 × 106 CFU/mL and 1.90 × 106 CFU/mL respectively. Lastly, the method was applied to investigate the antagonism between the three bacteria. The bacteria were mixed and cultured for 7 days. The samples were separated and determined every day to study the interaction between bacteria. The results showed that B. licheniformis and B. subtilis could not inhibit each other, but they could effectively inhibit the reproduction of E. coli. The method developed in this work was quick, sensitive and convenient, and it had great potential in the application of antagonism study for bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiufeng Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shaoyan Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
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Li C, Wang L. Molecular characterization, expression and functional analysis of TGFβ1-b in crucian carp (Carassius carassius). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1392-1401. [PMID: 33045298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) is a polyfunctional cytokine with important roles in growth, differentiation and immune function in various animals. In this study, PCR, bioinformatics, real-time quantitative PCR, prokaryotic expression, protein purification and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS) were applied to investigate the structural features and function of TGFβ1-b in crucian carp. The complete coding sequence (CDS) of TGFβ1-b was 1134 bp in length and was submitted to GenBank (ID: MH473141). TGFβ1-b encoded a putative protein of 377 amino acids and included a signal peptide consisting of 22 amino acids. TGFβ1-b was relatively conservative in fish and distant from mammals in terms of evolutionary relationship. TGFβ1-b was found to be expressed in various tissues, with the highest expression in the kidney. The expressions of TGFβ1-b in muscle, heart and liver were increased with the addition of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium at 30 days (p < 0.01). While, the expressions of SMAD2, SMAD3 and SMAD7 were also up-regulated with the addition of R. palustris at 20 days (p < 0.01). The expression of TGFβ1-b could be affected by time and group factors (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression vector TGFβ1-b-pDE2 was successfully constructed. Prokaryotic expression indicated that a 43 kDa target protein was obtained after induction with 1.5 mM isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) for 3.5 h at 37 °C for 200 r/h. The activities of alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme in injection TGFβ1-b protein group (ITg) and feeding broken bacterial liquid group (BTg) were significantly increased at 24 h (p < 0.01). And the activities of superoxide dismutase in ITg were significantly increased at 36 h (p < 0.01). Besides, the expressions of heat shock protein 30 and heat shock protein 47 in ITg and BTg were significantly increased (p < 0.01). Whereas, the expression of interleukin-11 was significantly reduced (p < 0.01). These results indicated that TGFβ1-b protein might play a role in immunity of crucian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, PR China; Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chendu 610041, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, PR China.
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Dong Z, Guo Y, Yu C, Zhixian Z, Rongli M, Deng W, Li Y, Hu X. The dynamics in rhizosphere microbial communities under bacterial wilt resistance by mulberry genotypes. Arch Microbiol 2020; 203:1107-1121. [PMID: 33165874 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of crops and soil microbial community structure and functional diversity in soil-borne diseases control mulberry plant production is still inadequately understood. In this work, a comparative study was undertaken on the microbial abundance, community structure, and functional diversity in the soil rhizosphere between the resistant (Kangqing 10) and the susceptible (Guisang 12) mulberry genotypes. The study deployed the use of dilution plate method, micro-ecology technology, and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) techniques. The study aimed at developing better crop management methods for mulberry cultivation as well as preventing and controlling the occurrence and impacts of bacterial wilt on mulberry productivity. The results indicated that the soil rhizosphere microorganisms were more abundant in the normal resistant mulberry genotype than in the normal susceptible mulberry genotype. Carbon source utilization was better in the normal susceptible mulberry genotype. These properties were lower in the sickly resistant mulberry genotype than in the susceptible sickly mulberry genotype. Through the PCR-DGGE, it was shown that the bacterial and fungal community structures of the resistant genotypes were more stable than those of the susceptible genotypes. Through correlation regression analysis, it was shown that the mulberry bacterial wilt significantly contributes to the loss of soil nutrients, particularly organic matter and nitrogen, a possible cause to disrupted balance between the soil microbial community and the loss of soil organic matter. Resistant genotype plants displayed more resistance to bacterial wilt. Therefore, this study recommends the need to promote the cultivation of resistant genotype mulberry for increased yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Dong
- Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Yao Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Cui Yu
- Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China.
| | - Zhu Zhixian
- Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Mo Rongli
- Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Yong Li
- Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Xingming Hu
- Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China.
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Zhang H, Xu GY, Mao C, Xu Y, Dong W, Inam M, Pan S, Hu R, Wang Y, Wang Y, Ma H, Kong L. Characterization and complete genome analysis of Bacillus velezensis CB6 revealed ATP synthase subunit α against foodborne pathogens. Arch Microbiol 2020; 203:1061-1069. [PMID: 33146800 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Given the serious threat of foodborne multidrug-resistant bacteria to animals and humans, finding an effective antibacterial compound has always been an important topic for scientists. Here, from the soil of Changbaishan, we have identified a bacterium that can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Nr genome database analysis and phylogenetic analysis showed that strain CB6 belongs to Bacillus velezensis. We found that the crude extract of strain CB6 has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens. In addition, we showed that the crude extract loses antibacterial activity after treatment with papain. Next, strain CB6 was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation, a Sephadex G-75 gel filtration column and high-performance liquid chromatography system (HPLC). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis indicated that the antibacterial compound was the protein ATP synthase subunit α (ATP-1), with a molecular weight of 55.397 KDa. Moreover, we reported the complete genome sequence of strain CB6, which is composed of a unique circular 3,963,507 bp chromosome with 3749 coding genes and a G + C content of 46.53%. The genome contained 12 gene clusters with antibacterial functions, which constituted over 20.947% of the complete genome. Of note, the amino acid sequence encoding the ATP-1 protein in the strain CB6 genome was identified. In addition to these findings, we speculate that the ATP-1 protein may provide energy for secondary metabolites, which in turn will improve the antibacterial activity of the secondary metabolites. All the above important features make the ATP-1 as a potential candidate for the development of new antibacterial drugs and food preservatives in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Zhang
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Guan-Yi Xu
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Changsi Mao
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yuxuan Xu
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wenlong Dong
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Muhammad Inam
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | | | - Renge Hu
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Lingcong Kong
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Ming J, Fu Z, Ma Z, Zhou L, Zhang Z, Song C, Yuan X, Wu Q. The effect of sulfamonomethoxine treatment on the gut microbiota of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Microbiologyopen 2020; 9:e1116. [PMID: 32965800 PMCID: PMC7658448 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the possible effects of sulfamonomethoxine (SMM) on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), we quantitatively evaluated the microbial shifts in the intestines of Nile tilapia in response to different doses of SMM (200 and 300 mg/kg) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. At the phylum level, the control group (0 mg kg-1 SMM) was dominated by Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes. In the treatment groups, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi were the dominant phyla. Cluster analysis indicated that the two groups treated with SMM clustered together. Similarly, the bacterial families that dominated the control group differed from those dominating the treatment groups. The changes in intestinal microbial composition over time were similar between the two SMM treatment groups. In both groups, the abundances of some families, including the Bacillaceae, Streptococcaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae, increased first and then decreased. Overall, the addition of SMM to the feed changed the structure of the intestinal microbiota in Nile tilapia. This study improves our understanding of the impact of SMM on the intestinal microenvironment of Nile tilapia. Our results provide guidelines for the feasibility of SMM use in aquaculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengyi Fu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Zongli Zhang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao Song
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China.,Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xinhua Yuan
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China.,Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qinglong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kuebutornye FKA, Abarike ED, Lu Y, Hlordzi V, Sakyi ME, Afriyie G, Wang Z, Li Y, Xie CX. Mechanisms and the role of probiotic Bacillus in mitigating fish pathogens in aquaculture. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:819-841. [PMID: 31953625 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diseases are natural components of the environment, and many have economic implications for aquaculture and fisheries. Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry with the aim to meet the high protein demand of the ever-increasing global population; however, the emergence of diseases is a major setback to the industry. Probiotics emerged as a better solution to curb the disease problem in aquaculture among many alternatives. Probiotic Bacillus has been proven to better combat a wide range of fish pathogens relative to other probiotics in aquaculture; therefore, understanding the various mechanisms used by Bacillus in combating diseases will help improve their mode of action hence yielding better results in their combat against pathogens in the aquaculture industry. Thus, an overview of the mechanisms (production of bacteriocins, suppression of virulence gene expression, competition for adhesion sites, production of lytic enzymes, production of antibiotics, immunostimulation, competition for nutrients and energy, and production of organic acids) used by Bacillus probiotics in mitigating fish pathogens ranging from Aeromonas, Vibrio, Streptococcus, Yersinia, Pseudomonas, Clostridium, Acinetobacter, Edwardsiella, Flavobacterium, white spot syndrome virus, and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus proven to be mitigated by Bacillus have been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix K A Kuebutornye
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Emmanuel Delwin Abarike
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Vivian Hlordzi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
| | - Michael Essien Sakyi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Gyamfua Afriyie
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Cai Xia Xie
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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Wang N, Jiang M, Zhang P, Shu H, Li Y, Guo Z, Li Y. Amelioration of Cd-induced bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota by Bacillus cereus in Carassius auratus gibelio. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 245:125613. [PMID: 31864061 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous pollutant known to exert various toxic effects and other sublethal to lethal effects on aquatic organisms, and can be commonly found in environment. The genus Bacillus was one of dominant probiotics, which was commonly used in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary administration of Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota of Carassius auratus gibelio (C. gibelio) after Cd exposure. Fish were exposed for 4 weeks to waterborne Cd at 0, 1 and 2 mg/L and/or dietary B. cereus at 108 cfu/g. At 2 and 4 weeks, the fish were sampled and bioaccumulation, antioxidant activity and intestinal microbiota were assessed. Waterborne Cd exposure caused marked alterations in the composition of the microbiota. Dietary supplementation with B. cereus can reverse the changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota in Cd exposure and increase the abundance of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, Cetobacterium in the 0 and 1 mg/L Cd. The results obtained indicate that B. cereus can provide a significant protective effect on the toxicity of cadmium by inhibiting alterations in the levels of bioaccumulation and antioxidant enzyme including Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant (T-AOC), glutathione (GSH), malonaldehyde (MDA) and Glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The present findings imply that dietary supplement of B. cereus can effectively protect C.gibelio to combat cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Biomaker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Health Monitoring and Inspection Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Hong Shu
- Changchun Infectious Disease Hospital, Jilin Province, 130000, China
| | - Yueru Li
- Agricultural and Rural Ministry of Ginseng Product Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhengyao Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Peng KS, Wu N, Cui ZW, Zhang XY, Lu XB, Wang ZX, Chen DD, Zhang YA. Effect of the complete replacement of dietary fish meal by soybean meal on histopathology and immune response of the hindgut in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 221:110009. [PMID: 31945652 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A 14-day experiment was conducted to explore the pathological process and immune response of soybean meal (SBM) induced enteritis (SBMIE) in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). The complete replacement of dietary fish meal (FM) with SBM resulted in a remarkable reduction in final body weight, weight gain ratio, and feed conversion efficiency (p < 0.05). The typical histopathological changes of SBMIE appeared starting at day 4, and progressively increased in severity until day 8, then gradually subsided after day 11. The course of SBMIE could be divided into incubation period (days 1-2), prodromal period (days 3-6), symptomatic period (days 7-10), and convalescent period (days 11-14). Transcription levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A/F1 and IFN-γ2, were up-regulated during the prodromal period, and then down-regulated during the convalescent period. Transcript levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGFβ1) and their receptors (IL-10R1 and TβRII), were up-regulated during the prodromal and convalescent periods. Transcript levels of MHCIIβ, Igμ, Igτ, TCRδ, TCRβ, CD4, and CD8α were altered in SBMIE. Furthermore, expression levels of T-bet, IFN-γ2, RORγ2 and IL-17A/F1 were significantly increased in the initiation of enteritis, whereas the transcript levels of Foxp3 and IL-2/15Ra were significantly up-regulated in the repair of enteritis. In conclusion, grass carp SBMIE is regulated by the adjustment of SBM-based diet intake, and the changes of the above-mentioned genes expression suggest that these genes may be involved in SBMIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Song Peng
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Nan Wu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Cui
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Lu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhao-Xi Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dan-Dan Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China
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Sun H, Shang M, Tang Z, Jiang H, Dong H, Zhou X, Lin Z, Shi C, Ren P, Zhao L, Shi M, Zhou L, Pan H, Chang O, Li X, Huang Y, Yu X. Oral delivery of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Clonorchis sinensis paramyosin protects grass carp from cercaria infection. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:1633-1646. [PMID: 31912200 PMCID: PMC7223688 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis), an important fishborne zoonotic parasite threatening public health, is of major socioeconomic importance in epidemic areas. Effective strategies are still urgently expected to prevent against C. sinensis infection. In the present study, paramyosin of C. sinensis (CsPmy) was stably and abundantly expressed on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spores. The recombinant spores (B.s-CotC-CsPmy) were incorporated in the basal pellets diet in three different dosages (1 × 105, 1 × 108, 1 × 1011 CFU/g pellets) and orally administrated to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The immune responses and intestinal microbiota in the treated grass carp were investigated. Results showed that specific anti-CsPmy IgM levels in sera, skin mucus, bile, and intestinal mucus, as well as mRNA levels of IgM and IgZ in the spleen and head kidney, were significantly increased in B.s-CotC-CsPmy-1011 group. Besides, transcripts levels of IL-8 and TNF-αin the spleen and head kidney were also significantly elevated than the control groups. Moreover, mRNA levels of tight junction proteins in the intestines of B.s-CotC-CsPmy-1011 group increased. Potential pathogenetic bacteria with lower abundance and higher abundances of candidate probiotics and bacteria associated with digestion in 1 × 1011 CFU/g B.s-CotC-CsPmy spores administrated fishes could be detected compared with control group. The amount of metacercaria in per gram fish flesh was statistically decreased in 1 × 1011 CFU/g B.s-CotC-CsPmy spores orally immunized group. Our work demonstrated that B. subtilis spores presenting CsPmy on the surface could be a promising effective, safe, and needle-free candidate vaccine against C. sinensis infection for grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengchang Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei Shang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeli Tang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hongye Jiang
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Huimin Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhipeng Lin
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Cunbin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River, Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengli Ren
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengchen Shi
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Houjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River, Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ouqin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River, Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuerong Li
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xinbing Yu
- Department of parasitology, Zhongshan School of medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Zhang DX, Kang YH, Zhan S, Zhao ZL, Jin SN, Chen C, Zhang L, Shen JY, Wang CF, Wang GQ, Shan XF, Qian AD. Effect of Bacillus velezensis on Aeromonas veronii-Induced Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function Damage and Inflammation in Crucian Carp ( Carassius auratus). Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2663. [PMID: 31798571 PMCID: PMC6874145 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is an emerging aquatic pathogen causing hemorrhagic septicemia in humans and animals. Probiotic is an effective strategy for controlling enteric infections through reducing intestinal colonization by pathogens. Here we report that the consumption of Bacillus velezensis regulated the intestinal innate immune response and decreased the degree of intestinal inflammation damage caused by the A. veronii in Crucian carp. In this study, we isolated four strains of B. velezensis, named C-11, S-22, L-17 and S-14 from apparently healthy Crucian carp, which exerted a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity inhibiting both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria especially the fish pathogens. B. velezensis isolates showed typical Bacillus characteristics by endospore staining, physiological and biochemical test, enzyme activity analysis (amylase, protease, and lipase), and molecular identification. Here, Bacillus-containing dietary was orally administrated to Crucian carp for 8 weeks before A. veronii challenge. Immunological parameters and the expression of immune-related genes were measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks post-administration. The results showed that B. velezensis was found to promote the increase in the phagocytic activities of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and head kidney leukocytes (HKLs), as well as the increase in interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) concentration of serum. Lysozyme levels (113.76 U/mL), ACP activity (25.32 U/mL), AKP activity (130.08 U/mL), and SOD activity (240.63 U/mL) were maximum (P < 0.05) in the B. velezensis C-11 treated group at 8 week. Our results showed that Crucian carp fed with the diet containing B. velezensis C-11 and S-22 developed a strong immune response with significantly higher (P < 0.05) levels of IgM in samples of serum, mucus of skin and intestine compared to B. velezensis L-17 and S-14 groups. Moreover, B. velezensis spores appeared to show no toxicity and damage in fish, which could inhabit the gut of Crucian carp. B. velezensis restrained up-regulation of pro-inflammation cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) mRNA levels in the intestine and head kidney at final stage of administration, and the expression of IL-10 was increased throughout the 10-week trial. A. veronii infection increased the population of inflammatory cells in the intestinal villi in the controls. In contrast, numerous goblet cells and few inflammatory cells infiltrated the mucosa in the B. velezensis groups after challenge with A. veronii. Compared with A. veronii group, B. velezensis could safeguard the integrity of intestinal villi. The highest post-challenge survival rate (75.0%) was recorded in B. velezensis C-11 group. The present data suggest that probiotic B. velezensis act as a potential gut-targeted therapy regimens to protecting fish from pathogenic bacteria infection. IMPORTANCE In this work, four Bacillus velezensis strains isolated from apparently healthy Crucian carp, which exhibited a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity especially the fish pathogens. Administration of B. velezensis induced the enhancement of the intestinal innate immune response through reducing intestinal colonization by pathogens. The isolation and characterization would help better understand probiotic can be recognized as an alternative of antimicrobial drugs protecting human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan-Huan Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Sheng Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ze-Lin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-Yu Shen
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Chun-Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Gui-Qin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ai-Dong Qian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Yi CC, Liu CH, Chuang KP, Chang YT, Hu SY. A potential probiotic Chromobacterium aquaticum with bacteriocin-like activity enhances the expression of indicator genes associated with nutrient metabolism, growth performance and innate immunity against pathogen infections in zebrafish (Danio rerio). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:124-134. [PMID: 31323329 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics for disease control is a relatively eco-friendly approach in aquaculture; hence, studies isolating and assessing the benefit of potential probiotics to fish farming are common. The zebrafish is an excellent model system for validating beneficial functions of potential probiotics before their practical application in aquaculture. Here, a potentially probiotic Chromobacterium aquaticum was isolated from lake water samples and characterized by biochemical analysis and 16S rDNA sequencing. The probiotic produced extracellular enzymes (protease and xylanase) and a bacteriocin-like substance, which exhibited tolerance to extreme pH and high-temperature conditions and broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against diverse pathogens, including aquatic, foodborne, clinical and plant pathogens. The effects of C. aquaticum on zebrafish nutrient metabolism, growth performance and innate immunity were evaluated by measuring the expression of indicator genes after C. aquaticum feeding for 8 weeks. Fish administered the probiotic exhibited significantly increased hepatic mRNA expression of carbohydrate metabolism-related genes, including glucokinase (GK), hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and pyruvate kinase (PK-L), and growth-related genes, including the growth hormone receptor (GHR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Innate immune-related genes (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-21, NF-κb, lysozyme and complement C3b) were induced in fish with probiotic supplementation. Probiotic-treated fish exhibited a higher survival rate than control fish after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus iniae. Together, these data suggest that C. aquaticum, as a probiotic feed supplement, could enhance nutrient metabolism and growth performance and could modulate innate immunity against A. hydrophila and S. iniae in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Chun Yi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Liu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan; Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Pin Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan; Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yang Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan; Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan.
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Di J, Chu Z, Zhang S, Huang J, Du H, Wei Q. Evaluation of the potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis isolated from two ancient sturgeons on growth performance, serum immunity and disease resistance of Acipenser dabryanus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:711-719. [PMID: 31419532 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to screen the potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis isolated from the gut of healthy fish using in vitro assays and to evaluate its effect on Dabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) using in vivo feeding experiments. Among the isolates, B. subtilis BSth-5 and BSth-19 exhibited antimicrobial effect against four sturgeon-pathogenic bacteria, including Aeromonas hydrophila, A. veronii, A. media, and Streptococcus iniae. The cell number of B. subtilis BSth-5 and BSth-19 changed little after 2 h of exposure to pH 3.0 or fresh Dabry's sturgeon bile at 2.5% and 5.0%. Meanwhile, B. subtilis BSth-5 and BSth-19 produced extracellular protease, cellulose, and lipase. And it was proved that B. subtilis BSth-5 and BSth-19 were harmless after injection of Dabry's sturgeon. One group of Dabry's sturgeon was fed a control diet and two groups were fed experimental diets containing 2.0 × 108 CFU/g BSth-5 (T1 group) or BSth-19 (T2 group) for 8 weeks. No significant differences in final weight, weight gain rate, and special growth rate were observed in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the control group (P > 0.05), but a significant improvement in survival rate was detected after 4 and 8 weeks of feeding (P < 0.05). After 8 weeks, serum total antioxidant capacity, total superoxide dismutase activity, and IgM levels were significantly higher in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, serum lysozyme activity was significantly higher in the T1 group relative to the control group during the whole experiment period (P < 0.05); however, the differences were not significant between the T2 and control groups (P > 0.05). Serum malondialdehyde levels in the T1 and T2 groups were significantly lower than those in the control group after 4 weeks (P < 0.05). Sturgeons in the T1 and T2 groups showed a higher survival rate after Aeromonas hydrophila infection. To summarize, dietary supplementation with BSth-5 and BSth-19 could enhance the survival rate, antioxidant activity, serum immunity, and disease resistance in A. dabryanus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Di
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Zhipeng Chu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Shuhuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Hao Du
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Qiwei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
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Feng J, Chang X, Zhang Y, Yan X, Zhang J, Nie G. Effects of Lactococcus lactis from Cyprinus carpio L. as probiotics on growth performance, innate immune response and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:73-81. [PMID: 31302283 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we reported 18 LAB strains isolated from the intestinal contents of Cyprinus carpio, and their probiotic properties both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that 9 of them had higher in vitro immunomodulatory properties, effectively survived under acidic (pH 2.5) and bile salt (ranging from 0.1% to 0.5%) conditions, and inhibited the growth of 4 pathogens. Among them, Lactococcus lactis Q-8, Lactococcus lactis Q-9, and Lactococcus lactis Z-2 showed the strongest adhesion abilities and inhibition of pathogen adhesion to mucin. When the fish consumed diets containing these 3 strains (5 × 108 CFU/g) for 8 weeks, the weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) had significantly (P < 0.05) increased, especially with L. lactis Q-8, which had a WG of 231.45%, and SGR of 2.22%. Survival rate in each LAB supplementation group was also significantly higher than that in control group during the feeding period (P < 0.05). For the cytokines expression levels in serum, different expression patterns were also observed. Before the infection with Aeromonas hydrophila, L. lactis supplementation significant up-regulated protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12) compared with negative (CK1) group, while these cytokines were significantly lower than those in positive (CK2) group after infection. However, whether infected or not, the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β) were significantly increased in L. lactis Q-8, L. lactis Q-9, and L. lactis Z-2 treatment groups. In conclusion, these 3 L. lactis strains screened from common carp were effective in improving growth, innate immunity and disease resistance. Based on the physiological characteristics in our study, they might be used as potential probiotics in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchang Feng
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xulu Chang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuru Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao Yan
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Guoxing Nie
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
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Tan HY, Chen SW, Hu SY. Improvements in the growth performance, immunity, disease resistance, and gut microbiota by the probiotic Rummeliibacillus stabekisii in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:265-275. [PMID: 31202962 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The application of probiotics as an eco-friendly alternative to antibiotics is an emerging strategy for sustainable aquaculture. In the present study, Rummeliibacillus stabekisii was isolated from the gut of Nile tilapia, and the effects of R. stabekisii on the growth, innate immunity, disease resistance, and gut microbiota of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were investigated. The results showed significantly increased weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed efficiency (FE) in Nile tilapia fed R. stabekisii for 8 weeks compared to those in fish fed a control diet. Intestinal digestive enzymes such as protease, cellulase, and xylanase were also significantly increased in the R. stabekisii-administered groups. Enhanced cumulative survival was exhibited in fish fed R. stabekisii after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus iniae. Immune parameters such as the phagocytic activity, respiratory bursts, and superoxide dismutase of head kidney leukocytes; serum lysozyme activity; and expression of the cytokine genes interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, and heat shock protein 70 were significantly elevated in fish fed R. stabekisii. Administration of R. stabekisii considerably increased the abundance of potential probiotics (Bacillus and Lactobacillus spp.) and reduced abundances of potential pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus and Staphylococcus spp.) in fish intestines. The present study indicated that dietary supplementation with R. stabekisii improved the growth, immunity, disease resistance, and gut microflora of Nile tilapia. This research is the first study reporting that the genus Rummeliibacillus is a potential probiotic in animals, suggesting that R. stabekisii can be used as a feed additive to enhance the growth and health status in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herng Yih Tan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Sai-Wei Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yang Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan; Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan.
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Kim JA, Bayo J, Cha J, Choi YJ, Jung MY, Kim DH, Kim Y. Investigating the probiotic characteristics of four microbial strains with potential application in feed industry. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218922. [PMID: 31242260 PMCID: PMC6594638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the probiotic characteristics of certain microbial strains for potential use as feed additives. Three bacterial strains and a yeast previously isolated from different environments were investigated. The strains were subjected to molecular identification and established as Lactobacillus paracasei CP133, Lactobacillus plantarum CP134, Bacillus subtilis CP350 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae CP605. Lactobacillus sp. CP133 and CP134 exhibited antibiosis, antibiotic activity, and relative odor reduction ability. Bacillus subtilis CP350 was thermotolerant, reduced hydrogen sulfide gas and showed significant proteolytic activity, whereas Saccharomyces cerevisiae CP605 exhibited high acid and bile salt tolerance. In general, the isolates in this study demonstrated improved functional characteristics, particularly acid and bile tolerance and relative cell adhesion to HT-29 monolayer cell line. Results in this work provides multifunctional probiotic characteristics of the strains for potential development of probiotics and cleaning of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ae Kim
- Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, Korea
| | - Joel Bayo
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
| | | | - Yeon Jae Choi
- International Agricultural Development and Cooperation Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
| | - Min Young Jung
- Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, Korea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
| | - Yangseon Kim
- Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Yao YY, Chen DD, Cui ZW, Zhang XY, Zhou YY, Guo X, Li AH, Zhang YA. Oral vaccination of tilapia against Streptococcus agalactiae using Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Sip. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:999-1008. [PMID: 30590166 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae infections are becoming an increasing problem in aquaculture because of significant morbidity and mortality, which restricts the healthy development of tilapia aquaculture. To seek safe and effective prevention measures, a Bacillus subtilis GC5 surface displayed vaccine was prepared and applied orally in tilapia. The study first showed that recombinant spores can engraft in the tilapia intestine. Then, the effect of protection and the immune responses were evaluated. The results of ELISA showed that Sip-specific antibody in the sera of GC5-Sip-immunized fish can be detected after the first oral administration when compared to the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) control group, and the levels of specific IgM gradually strengthened with boosting, so does the specific antibody against bacteria, proving that humoral immunity was induced. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that the immune-related gene expression of the gut and spleen exhibited a different rising trend in the GC5-Sip group, revealing that innate immune response and local as well as systemic cellular immunity were induced. The outcome of fish immunized with GC5-Sip spores provided a relative percent survival (RPS) of 41.7% against S. agalactiae and GC5 group had an RPS of 24.2%, indicating that GC5-Sip was safe and effective in protecting tilapia against bacterial infection. Our study demonstrated that the oral administration of B. subtilis spores expressing Sip could cause an effective immune response and offer good resistance to bacterial infection. Our work may lead to the development of new ideas for immunoprophylaxis against S. agalactiae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Yao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan-Dan Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Cui
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhou
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ai-Hua Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; State Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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Regulatory Effect of Bacillus subtilis on Cytokines of Dendritic Cells in Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon Idella). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020389. [PMID: 30658449 PMCID: PMC6359277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is a common group of probiotics that have been widely used in the feed industry as they can increase host resistance to pathogens and balance the immune response. However, the regulatory mechanism of Bacillus subtilis on the host immune system remains unclear in teleosts. In this study, we isolated and enriched dendritic cells from white blood cells (WBCs), and then stimulated them with Bacillus subtilis. Morphological features, specific biological functions, and authorized functional molecular markers were used in the identification of dendritic cells. Subsequently, we collected stimulated cells at 0, 4, and 18 h, and then constructed and sequenced the transcriptomic libraries. A transcriptome analysis showed that 2557 genes were up-regulated and 1708 were down-regulated at 4 h compared with the control group (|Fold Change| ≥ 4), and 1131 genes were up-regulated and 1769 were down-regulated between the cells collected at 18 h and 4 h (|Fold Change| ≥ 4). Gene Ontology (GO) annotations suggested many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (p < 0.05 and |Fold Change| ≥ 4) were involved in immune-related biological functions including immune system progress, cytokine receptor binding, and cytokine binding. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the cytokine⁻cytokine receptor interaction pathways were significantly enriched at both time points (p < 0.05), which may play a key role in the response to stimulation. Furthermore, mRNA expression level examination of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines genes by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) indicated that their expressions can be significantly increased in Bacillus subtili, which suggest that Bacillus subtilis can balance immune response and tolerance. This study provides dendritic cell (DC)-specific transcriptome data in grass carp by Bacillus subtilis stimulation, allowing us to illustrate the molecular mechanism of the DC-mediated immune response triggered by probiotics in grass carp.
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Zhou S, Song D, Zhou X, Mao X, Zhou X, Wang S, Wei J, Huang Y, Wang W, Xiao SM, Qin Q. Characterization of Bacillus subtilis from gastrointestinal tract of hybrid Hulong grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus) and its effects as probiotic additives. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:1115-1124. [PMID: 30463174 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are widely used for the improvement of animals' growth and health. However, few marine aquatic probiotics are applied and licensed in China. In this study, a Bacillus spp. strain was isolated from the Hulong grouper gastrointestinal tract, which was identified as a new strain of Bacillus subtilis and was named as 7k. B. subtilis 7k showed desirable capability of sporulation and resistance to heat, simulated gastric juice and simulated duodenum juice, indicating its potential as probiotics. Seven antimicrobial chemicals were found in the secretion of the B. subtilis 7k. B. subtilis 7k addition in diet promoted the growth rate of Hulong groupers. Moreover, B. subtilis 7k can inhibit infection by iridovirus, making B. subtilis 7k a suitable kind of probiotic for maintaining fishes' health. Our results also revealed that B. subtilis 7k induced non-specific immune response in Hulong grouper under virus infection. Hulong grouper fed by diets containing B. subtilis 7k at 108 and 1010 cfu g-1 for 4-8 weeks were significantly strengthened in serum lysozyme activity, serum alternative complement activity (ACH50), serum bactericidal activity, respiratory burst, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), and phagocytic activity of head kidney leucocytes when compared with those fed by control diets. In conclusion, B. subtilis 7k was isolated and characterized to be a kind of process enduring, growth stimulating, immunity enhancing and health promoting probiotic using in grouper culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Deli Song
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Sunli Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jingguang Wei
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenxiong Wang
- Department of Ocean Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Su-Mei Xiao
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Vogt CM, Hilbe M, Ackermann M, Aguilar C, Eichwald C. Mouse intestinal microbiota reduction favors local intestinal immunity triggered by antigens displayed in Bacillus subtilis biofilm. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:187. [PMID: 30477481 PMCID: PMC6258259 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-1030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously engineered Bacillus subtilis to express an antigen of interest fused to TasA in a biofilm. B. subtilis has several properties such as sporulation, biofilm formation and probiotic ability that were used for the oral application of recombinant spores harboring Echinococcus granulosus paramyosin and tropomyosin immunogenic peptides that resulted in the elicitation of a specific humoral immune response in a dog model. RESULTS In order to advance our understanding of the research in oral immunization practices using recombinant B. subtilis spores, we describe here an affordable animal model. In this study, we show clear evidence indicating that a niche is required for B. subtilis recombinant spores to colonize the densely populated mice intestinal microbiota. The reduction of intestinal microbiota with an antibiotic treatment resulted in a positive elicitation of local humoral immune response in BALB/c mice after oral application of recombinant B. subtilis spores harboring TasA fused to E. granulosus (102-207) EgTrp immunogenic peptide. Our results were supported by a lasting prevalence of spores in mice feces up to 50 days after immunization and by the presence of specific secretory IgA, isolated from feces, against E. granulosus tropomyosin. CONCLUSIONS The reduction of mouse intestinal microbiota allowed the elicitation of a local humoral immune response in mice after oral application with spores of B. subtilis harboring immunogenic peptides against E. granulosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric M Vogt
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monika Hilbe
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Ackermann
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Catherine Eichwald
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Niu KM, Kothari D, Lee WD, Lim JM, Khosravi S, Lee SM, Lee BJ, Kim KW, Han HS, Kim SK. Autochthonous Bacillus licheniformis: Probiotic potential and survival ability in low-fishmeal extruded pellet aquafeed. Microbiologyopen 2018; 8:e00767. [PMID: 30444301 PMCID: PMC6562133 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Bacillus spp. have garnered attention as probiotic supplements in aquafeed owing to the production of heat stable and low pH resistant spores. Herein, we isolated and characterized an autochthonous Bacillus licheniformis KCCM 43270 from the intestine of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) for supplementation in low‐fishmeal extruded aquafeeds. The KCCM 43270 was screened based on amylase, protease, cellulase, and lipase as well as non‐hemolytic activities. The isolate was able to grow in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), xylan, and soybean meal (SBM) when used as a single carbon source in the minimal nutrient M9 medium. The KCCM 43270 spores displayed complete survival in acid (pH 2.5) and bile (0.3%, w/v) for 3 hr, strong biofilm formation, and nearly 50% adhesion with intestinal mucus. The spores of the isolate also showed significant survival ability at 80, 90, 100°C for 60, 30, and 1 min, respectively. In addition, the spores in a blend of SBM complex carrier showed significant heat stability at 120°C for 5 min and under different drying conditions. Furthermore, the spores also survived the extrusion process during low‐fishmeal aquafeed manufacturing, implying the potential application of B. licheniformis KCCM 43270 in aquafeed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Min Niu
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Damini Kothari
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Do Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Lim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sanaz Khosravi
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Bong-Joo Lee
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, Korea
| | - Kang-Woong Kim
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, Korea
| | - Hyon-Sob Han
- Department of Marine Life and Applied Sciences, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, Korea
| | - Soo-Ki Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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